"V : : ,/• - ? ;* * 'TS /• {
■ mil 111 aiCK-T.Tfft, Proprietsr.,
NEW SERIES,
A* llvi.wo*rt> ■ [
+por, 'ifrnu l . {<• 1 i I'"~r "r
UB N th. \'' v
tgki mo WVln-
I i HARVEY iICKLtn *-'•
Ttrwi —1 copy 1 year, (in *dTn*e) -• 2(X
a p*i'l WiMnn si* insaihs. S'i.'O will l* <-hsirj;ea
*0 pspr will ke DKCONTIXUFD, until all ar
fWtrß*** sr paid; unless at the option of pnSlisher.
JKDV3BR.TIIBIKO.
It lints or ! ;
IOOS, make three four two three six ( one
o square weeks weeks moth moth mulh^t/eur
I Sausra LOO 1,25 2,25 2,87 3,00; 5.K
f Jo 2,0U 2,50 3,25 3.50 450 8,00
t In. 3,00 375 4,75 5.50 7.00 9.10
• Colamn. 4.00 450 6,50 8,00 10,00 15.(4)
! 4, 600 950 10,00 12.00*17,00 25.00
A <!• 800 7,0 14.00 18.00 25,0(1 35.10
1 do. loloof f 2,OHJ 17,00) 22,1'0, i 28,0fU 40,= 0
ADMINISTH Ai'ORS and Al'DI
10R't HOTICES, of tho usual length, 52.50
#BITUASTEB.-eteeedine ten tin -8, each ; REI.I
•10173 soJ LITERARY NOTICES, not of guiera
Istoroit, on* half toe regular rates.
•HlMtn Cards of one square, with paper, 15
JOB WOUK
•fall kinds neatly exveuted, anil at prices to suit
ho times.
All TRANSIENT ADVERTISEMENTS and -lOP.-
WORSi u us', ho paid for, align ordered
■Mglll i —— - a
Susiiifss Jotirs.
0 ,1. I.iTTLE, ATTORN VY AT ?
•k. n gt street, Tn: .'a.
HN. COOPER. PHYSD'IAN i -TKGKON
9 **■* <• u Lusttm* 1 oui.iy d
r>wi * ATlo'tA-EY .7 L\*
A~S Va jhhoauook, P- OS <• n fcv-rk's Hr.e
pk, "lt* .*a >.•<.!
•-* M. V r-*TT, Ai lOHNE'i AT LAV >
V! „ .... Jlrick Hlock Ti> M '■* T '-
e
| Bufhltc Spra;?
3-t *. • - til !{( ~ I't-.V SA.
*,, , , • n- iifg lately pur h::s*"i the
•• RL'-fSI I A - " H 'Perty, ha. already coui
ww'ti/i, h lter*' us and iuiproveiarnts a* will
re-Jo. *:i< < !.! a- • ,ul ir House equal, if rot MIJW*-
f!,. ~ ,gv H>. .x.e (,lt ot ll.iriv ,ui g.
V'onHan-.r.r he public patronage is ret pert
-1 H)| i 40 if i'-' O
i GEO. J. I.OLTON*
•WALL'S HO^SL,
A&MRICAi* Ft'iVAC.
- +■<■%" A OCK. WV OMIMG C 0.. PA
bar rr'-,-nlly len rrC'ted an
• . ro' ••• latest siy'u Eren attentiou
..... ..ntort and conven'aiiOf ot those
„ I - I.J I. vae.
• Owner so 1 Proprietor .
Vtv.4 m• * spreinticr 11, 1861.
;:RA?CCH HOTEL,
kiliL.i WVOMING to INl'\ , FA
'•- .. H. i oIcrUIGUT, Prup'r
- |j ''.pricloraiiip of the l>m
k i- ( ,. . r-igu.i will spare no et-irt to
•■a V .'.■•■ • yrreeable plw eot sojourn for
j; a _., . „ • Srt'u ihrii cUMoui.
'• uj U (OKTRIOIIT.
Jom-. ;J *•• .
- "77* * V H l'.<' tv 1' I'
pjlVl' it* u SFHCil'liN.
I. a ;.ei r rh<" ctiarn-a \Vy :
itg. that he aa* . i' • onVhinwa-k "here
ha fill att*n 1 t > si' • ills In 'he hue <>
h'.a lirofeoaior.. ,
ty will h foeo'i at boaif on Niturdays <■'
w-'h vak
lotfl,
TOWiLSiTDA., PA.
D- B- BARTt.ET,
jLahaaft. "iSAnnin HOME, FI.MIHA, N-Y.
PROPRIETOR.
Tho MEANS IIOTEL, i one of tne LARGEST
Ml At ARRANGED Houses in the country- It
|g |it f | ip the nit
tt| to make it a pleiMiaiit rnt
MHaablo otepping-ptaro for all,
el. n2l.'e
•LAN <I,KE£ C EY,& f 0.,
aiauracTuaaas AMI* wholssai,* UKALKKS IX
LADES', MISSES' & GENTS'
I |ilkauti£assimrrflats
AWD ioBBERW IN
■ 4TS. CAPS, FURS, STRAW GOODS,
PAIASOLSANDUMniIELLAS
BI7FFALO AND FANCY RODF.S.
•49 BROADWAY ,
CORBBM or LKOKAHP STBr KT,
asw
Be ctoaw, i
A C BBBTtT, V
a. '.aaaioT. >
I M. GILMAN,
I SEHT,ST '
C •lI.IAAN has prrn,Anei;i iy I *ted n T .nV
1 • hwato'-h Hoa.ugh, aL , reepcrtfuily feiivnt •
• ys*roal woi -n u thi ..Uireng of thi plaee h u
''• a# 4*9 eow^ 1 r?
Tg fc ▼ARRAKTRD. TO GIVE SATIS
• £IV.
'L J4jo fr Hie* • Law OMoa, mr Ih a Fa
I%e Branch Bcmncrat.
THE VETO MESSAGE,
To the Sena'e of the United. States:
I have examined with care the hill,
which originated hi the Senate and has
hi •en pased by the two Houses of C >n
gre*s. to anie* d an act entitled "An act to
establish a bureau for the relief of freed
men and r fugees. and for other pnrjiose-."
Having, with much regr t, come to the
Co elusi .n that it wo.il ! not he coni<t> nt
with the pub ic welfare to gv. my approv
a! to the in**a-u.e, f return the bill to tiie
Senate, with III v obje tioti- to it> beet*, ling
a law.
1 might call to mind, in advance of tlu.se
objections, that there is no immediate ne
cessity tor the proposed measure. The
act to establish abu ran for the relief oi
freedmen and refugees. which was approv
ed in the month of March last, has not- vet
expired. It was thought stringent and cx
ten-ire enough tor the purpose in view.—
Before it ceas-s to have effect, further ex
pedience may as-i-t to guide us to a wise
eone!usi..n n< to the policy to be adopted
in 1 inn- of p. ace,
I have with congress the stronge td s're
! to si cure to the fr-- dnien tin; full -i j >y
men* of th'-ir fre- don and their property,
| and ih ir entire inde. code nee and equality
; it: tnakino contracts tor their labor. But
tin* hill before me contains provisions
j which, in my opinion, are not warrant* <1
i by the Coil titmion. are no; suited to ac
, eomnlisb the. end in view.
Tim b'H proposes to establish, by au
'Lorit v of Congress, military jurisdiction
*-r ad pat- *t 1 lie United Stat, s contain
! ii;g r fugt es and fiei dmea. It would b>
j ils ver* nature apply with tnos force to
timse parts of the L nit -d States in which
the freedmen m>.st abound; audit express
1. extends the ex sting temporary jurisdic
t on ot the Freedmen s Bureau witli great
ily enlarged power over those States in
w ioh the on inarv <-ou s- of judicial pne
feedings has been interrupted to the rebel
lion The Sou tee from which ttiis mil tarv
jurisdiction is to emanate is none other
thm the I'resident of ih>- United Slams,
j acting through tin-War Department and
the. < ommisM mr of the Free.illl. il s I n
nan. The agents to carry nui this miiita
r ju idiction are to he selected eithrr
1 fr-.m tiie or from civil lit*-. The
courtly is to he divided into districts and
.-nib districts, ami tiie tiutnber ot salaried
1 agents t be emplovcd may be equal to the
t 1 umb r of'com tics of parish* a in all?! he
Unit d Slates where freedtnen ami refugees
are o b*-found The sufj its over which
j tt'is military jurtsdict.on i- lo ext* ltd in ev-
I ery part of the United States, ir elude pro
tection t-> a ! l nip oves, agents and officers
of tb.s Bur a 1 i • t!ie , x rcist of lla* duties
J impo-e ! u>oi tiiem fy l ie. ialL In cl-ven
1 v fa'es ir is f rifier to extend over all cases
affe. ting ffccdiii.-ri an.j r- fuge.-s di-erimiri
ste 1 aga n 1 bv 'oca! liw, cusiom or prejn
d ec. In ih - eleven Stat' S the lnli -lib
ject- any white p r< n who may I <j cfmrg
m with depriving afr. ciman if any civil
rig' ts or immunities belonging to whit- p> r
j sons to iinpri-ontnent or tine, or botb,witl.-
I out. how v. r, d fii.ing the civil rigMj. ami
j iiamunities which a>e tt.na h> tie r cured
to tin; fn eihnen by m litary law. Tnis
mitiian j r -*lie ion ;i -o exti-u Is i* all
queMions that may ari-e respecting cot-
I tracts. The agent,who is thus 10 exercise
thr 1 *>f a military ju igr. in iv 00 a
stiang*-r, * utirely ignorant .f the laws of
tb" pl;K*-. and "xpo* d t*tf e -rro-s of ju !g
--; in"t*t. to wh*ba im- n ;*ia liable. T* c
1 of |HMv*r. *v-r which ti err* i no
l**gi supvrvis *in. by s > va-t a ntinih r of
1 agriifs a- i- *iiifvhulatt*d bk tl e biil.mu-i
bv the v-rv > a uie *>f inau, be a t<-n*le*l b
Hi'ts of eaiui*'", ilijusi irte Mi 1 as ion. Th
trials, having *b.iro i ti nn.i r this bill,
are to tak- p'a ♦* without the intervention i
and without any flxeil 1 ft of j
law or widen*.
I The fnles on whif-h offenses ye to be i
h*''*l f>d *let 1 mil" *1 by the eumeinus ;
agents ar-* su*-h rnb-s a***! regulsti uis a-the '
Pre-i*lent. tt>rugh tli** War LVparm ut. !
, -ball presciib". No pr< vinus pr B. ut.Uielit ;
is requifvd. lor any t< d*ctrn *nt charging |
the coin mission >f a crime against the laws. 1
but tin* ti ; ni mu-t pioceed on charges and
! specrficatiotis. The punishment wi l be, ;
n*t wnat the law d -vltires, but such a- a
; cuirtm irtial may think p*op.*r. Ami
fr*en tbwsi* arbitrary tribunals lit-v** lies n<*
app.-al n- writ *-f error to any of the
court-in which the (Tons'itution otthe UnL
ted State* ve-tS ex<'lu.-ively th" JU licial ,
jiower of the country ; while the territory ,
and tlie class of .ctious and offenses that, j
are made subj ct to tlii- measure ate *> ex-1
tensive, tin* l*i!l itself, should if la' Come a '
1 iw, will k-tv" no limitation in po nt of ;
i time- but will form a part of the p -rma- j
i nent legi-la'.io' of the country. I cannot '
| reconcile u*\stem ofiuili'an jurisdiction of:
I 'i kind w*th the wordso' the ( on-titution !
. which d clare that "Xo person shall be heJd '■
to an-wer for a **a:iital or other infamous j
crime, nnl ss on pr seutment or indictment j
of a grand jury, oxcept in vases arising in !
the 1: •1 "r naval fi.r.ics, or i>* the mat iti a
when in aeiual service in tiraj of war or
public, dangei and that "in all crim nal [
prosecutions the accused Rhall enjoy tiie
right to a speedy and public trial brwn
unj artial jury of the State district where
in the ciitne shall have leen cotnmitteu " <
The safeguards which the wisdom and !
j experience of agvs taught our fath-rs to es-1
tablisii as se*uriti<s for the pro'ection of'
the innocent, the punishm -nt of the g-dlty
and the equal a ministration of ju-tice,
1 are to he set aside, and for the ake ot a
more vigorous interposition in behalf of
injustice that would <tnecessity follow from
i m aJaMftt wou Lilies* number ofageuta wstab- i
••TO SPEAK HIS THOUGHTS IS EVERY FREEMAN'S RIGHT. "—Thomas Jefferson.
TUNKHANNOCK, PA., WEDNESDAY, FEB. 28, 1866.
; listed in every parish or county in nearly
a third of the Sfntes of th- Union, over
whose decision there is to b<* no supervi
sion or control bv the Federal courts. The
p •wer that Would be thus placed in the
hands of the lVesid -nt is such as in time of
peace certainly ou_>ht n< v>-r t • be entrust
ed to any one man. If it b asked whether
the creation of such a tribunal wi'hin a
Stat' is warranted as a measure of war, the
qhest'oti imrn*-di itely presents itself wheth
er we are still engaged in war Let us not
U'lticegsanly disturb the commerce, and
credit and industry of the country bv de
caiingtothe American people and the
world that the United States are still in a
cond tion of civil war. At present tln-re
i no part of our country in which the au
thority of the United States is disputed.—
Offei ses that may be committed by indi
viduals should not work a forfeiture of the
rights the same communities. Tint
country has entered, or is returning to a
state of p< ace and industry, and the rebel
lion is, in f.n t.at on end. The measure,
therefor'-, seems to be as inconsistent with
tin- actu d condition of the country, as it is
at variance with the Constitution of the
United States.
If. passing from general considerations,
we examine the bill in detail, it is open to
weighty objections. In lime of war it was
eminently proper tliat wc should provide
for tho-e w i o were pass tig suddenly from
a ond tion of bondage to a state of fie**.loin
But this bill proposes to make the Freed
im n's Bureau—established by the act of
1800 as one of many great and extraordi
nary military measures to suppress a 4'or
miduhlc rebellion—a permanent IT inch <>f
the public administration, with its powers
greatly enlarged. I have n> reason to
suppose, and I do not understand it to be
alleged, that the act of March, 1860, has
proved deficient for the purpose for which
it was pa-S'-'l ; ah hough at that time, and
for a cons durable perufl thereafter, the
Government < f the United States remain
ed unacknowledged m most, of the States
whose inhabitants have been involved in
ihr rebellion. The institution of slaverv,
for the 111 litary destruction of which the
Frecdmeti's Bureau was call into existence
as an auxiliary £>ree. I> <s been a beady ef
fectually and finally ahrogit***! throughout
the whole country by an amendment of the
Constitution of the U litcd States, and
practically its eradica'io has received the
assi'iit and concurrence of most of the
States 111 wpj-'i it a any tine* had rx'sted.
I am not. t! * refo e, abb* to <iiscern in the
country anvthing 'o just fy an apprdi. r
si • ih-.t 'l'm n-'wer- an ' a gene <*s of the
Frt-i'ilmrn's Bureau which were effective
'Of the pro'e. tin of free 'men and refugees
during t' e aefual continuation of fi-tilitics
cn*l of Afican servitude, will now in a
time of p,..ice. and after the abolition of
-'averv prove in to the same prop
er ends. If fam c rr rt in t' CSC views,
th-r* cn be no necrsshy for tb* enlarge
ment of the p.-wers of the Bureau, for
which provis'Oi is made <n the hi' 1. T h'*
t' ir*l -ectior. of dv b H authorizes a general
anil linlimit d giant *f support to the des
titute ai dsi fl' ring rcfu-rcs and freedmen
ami their wives and cbil : r*n. Rncceedin '
sections m;ik* provision for the rent or
purchase of landed e t tesf*>r freedmen and
for the ereeti*n. for tb ir he* • fir, rt s*jita
ble building* for asv'nms and -chools. the
expcm-cs t" h*frav-e I from the treasury o'
the w h le people. The <'oHgn-ss of tb.*
United State- ha* never heretofore tbought
its h"competent to es ahlis'on ' la vs beyond
tin- Di-tri -t of C 1 imb a. except for the
hem-fit of nur disabled -oh! ers and sailors.
It has never founded sch *l- f>r a'*v class
of our nwo peop'e, i.ot ev nf< r the or
phans ,f tho.s** who have failem in the de
fins of the Ull 01, but has left the ca r * of
their education to the muc' more comr -
t- nt sotd efficient control of he Star*-*, of
1 ommnnities. of tviv.-ite a9.>c lati - n and <>f
iml viduals. It bn* never deemed itself
author z <1 'o <'xpend th" pithlie no*' "v for
the rent or purch *.s" *>f home- 'or 1 e h'V's
and-, not to sav million-. *f the white race
who are hone-lly toi ing from lav to dav
fi.r their subsi-tence. A system for fi*e
support of indigent, persons in the United
States was never co temulated by the au
thors of the Constitution Nor can any
good r.*a-on be advanced wltv a? a perma
nent stab isliment. it -liould be found* d
t**r one cl-ss or co'or *f oir peoole more
than for another. Pending t e war. many
r. fugees ami freedmen receive.*! support
from th" Government, but it was never in
temle 1 that they shoiihl henveforth be fed.
clothed, educated and sheltered by the
( T niie*l States. The idea on whicli the
slaves were as-i-led to freedom, w*s that
011 becoming free they wotld be a se'f s* s
taining p*pulation. Any Icris'ation that,
shall imply that they are not exnected to
attain a s.*lf sit-tain ng condi' ion.mnst have
a tendency injurious alike to their' charac
ter and their prosperity. The appointment
of an agent for everv county and p irish
will create an immense patronage and the
exocoso of the numerous ofltcers an*l their
clerks, lo be appointed hv the President
will he great in the beginning, with a ten
dency steadily to increase. The appropria
tions asked by the Freedmen's Bureau, a*
now established for the year 186f, am aunt
to* $11.745,000. It may be safely esti
mated the cost to b > incurred, under the
pending bill, will rpqnirc double that
amount inore than tli® sum expen
ded in anv one vear tinder the Admini-tra
tion of the second Adams. If the presence
of agents in cvety parsh and county is to
be considered as a war measurc.opposition,
or even resistance, might be provoked, so
that to giwe effect to their jurisdiction troops
would Cava to bo stationed wiihia ranch of
every one of them, and thus a large stand
ing force be rendered necessary. Large
appropriations would, therefore, be requir
ed to sustain and euforce military jurisdic
tion in every county or parish from the
Potomac to tin* Rio Gtande The condi
tion of our fiscal affairs is encouraging, but
in order to sustain the present m asure of
public confidence, it is necessary that we
practice not merely customary economy,
but as far as possible severe retrenchment.
In addition to the of ji-cti ns already stated
the fifth "see ion of the hill proposes to take
away laws from its former owners,without
any Vgal proceedings being first had, con-,
frary to that provision of the I'or stitution
which declares that no person shall be de
prived of life, liberty or property, without
due process of law. it do<-s not appear
that a part of the lands, to which this sec
tion refers may not be owned by minors or
persons of unsound mind, or by those who
have been faiihful to all (.heir obligations as
citizens ot the United S'ates. If any por
tion of tin- land is held by such persons, it
is not competent for any authority to de
prive litem of it. If, on the other band
it be found that the propeity is liable to
c mfiscation, even, then it cannot be appro
priated to public pui jHiscs until, by due
process of law, it shall have been declared
forfe'ted to the Government.
There are still farther ohj ctions to the,
bill, on grounds seriously affecting the class
of persons t<> whom it i> design, dto bring
relief. It will tend to ke, p tho mind of
the freedmen in a state of uncertain expec
tat ion and restlessness ; while, to those
aiming whom be lives it will be a source of
constant and /ague apprehension. Un
doubtedly the freedmen should be protected
but lie should be protected by the civil au
thoriti s, especially l>y the exercise of all
the constitutional pow rs of lie Courts of
the United States and of the States. His
condition is not so expo-ed as may at first
he imagined. lie bin a portion of the
country wh* re his labor cannot w>*ll be
spared. Competition for bis services from
planters, froni those who arc con-truting or
repairing riilroads, or from cai-itali-ts in
hi- vi.'inage, or from other States, will ena
ble him to command almost hi- own terms
He al-o possesses a perfect right 'o change
hi- place of abode ; and if, therefore, he
does not find in one community or State a
mode of life suited to his desires or proper
r.-nunp'ration for his labor, he van move to
another, where labor is more esteemed and
better rewarded. In truth, however, each
State, induced by its own wants and inter
ests. will do what is necessary and proper
to rytain within its borders all the labor
that is needed for the development of its
resources. The laws that regulate supply
and demand, will maintain their force, and
the wages of tho laborer wil' be regulated
ther-bv. Tlmre is no danger that the
great demand for iab r >r will not operate in
'avor of the laborer. Neither is sufficient
consideration given to the ability of the
freedmen to protect and tak n care of them
selves. Jt i- no more than justice to them
to believe that, a- they have received their
freedom with moderation and f .rtiearanee.
so rliev will distinguish th mselves bv
ihei** industry and thrift, and soon show
t'.e wot I I that in a condition of freedmen
tfipv are self-sustaining and eat able of se
lecfing tlieir own eniplcvinent. and their
own places of abode, or insisting for them
selvvs on a p'oper remuneration, and of
establishing and maintaining their own
a*vlitm* and school*. Tt i
honed tha f . instead of wasting awav. th- v
will, bv tlieir own efforts, establish for
th rns Ives a c>ndi* : on of respectability
and prosperity. It is certain that fhev can
attain to that condition only through tlieir
own men'* and exert'ons. In th s connec
tion th* l querv presents itself whether flu*
system proposed by the bill w'll not. when
nut into complete operation, practically
transfer the entire care, support and con
trol of four mi'lions of emancipated slaves
to agents, overseers or ta-k m-ster. who,
appointed at Washington, are to he located
in eyerv county and parish throughout the
United States containing freedmen and ref
Hirers. Such a system would incvitnhlv
fend to such a concentration of power, in
tb" Executive, which would enable him, if
so disposed, to control the action of a nu
merous cla*s and use them for the attain
inent of his own politic *! ends
I cannot but ad-l another v-rv grave ob
jection to this bill Tbc Constitution im
pcraiivcly declares in connection with tax
ation that each State shall have at least
one ropresentatiwfc and fixes the rule for
the number to watch in future times each
State shall he entitlexl also provides
1 hat the Senate of the United States shall
be composed of two Senators from each
State and adds with peculiar force that no
State without its consent shall be deprived
ot its equal suffrage in the Senate The
original act wus necessarily passed in the
absence of the States chiefly to be effected
b. cause their people were then contuma
ciously engaged in the rebellion. Now the
case is changed, and some at least of the
States are attending Congress by loyal
representatives soliciting the allowance of
the constitutional right of representation.
At the time, however, cf the consideration
an I the passing of the bill there was no
Senstor or representative in Congress
from the eleven States which art to be
muinly affected by ita provisions. The
verv fact that reports were and are made
against the good disposition of the country
is an additional reason why they need and
should have representatives of their own in
Congress to explain their condition, reply
to aeensations and assist by their Iweal
knowledge in the perfecting of measures
iaroedistelv affecting theatelvw, while
j the liberty of deliberation would then be
i free and Congress would have full power
ito decide according to its ju 'gmcnt. —
! There could be no objection urged that
! the States most interested had not been
j periniited to be heard. The principle is
j firmly fixed in the ntinds of the American
j people that there would be no taxation
without representation. Great burdens
i are now to be borne by all the country,
i and we may best demand that they shall
;be borne without murmur, when they are
' voted by a majority of the representatives
lof all the people. 1 would not interfere
wiib the unquestionable ight of Congress
to judge, each House fbr itself, of the elec
| tioiis, returns and qualifications of its own
. members, lint that authority cannot be
construid as including the right to shut out
1 in time of peace, any State from the ivpre
i seiuation by which it is entith d by the
: Constitution. At present all the people
of eleven Siati s are excluded. Those who
were niost tkiihiul during the war not less
than others. The Stnte of Tennessee, for
instance, whose authorities engaged in re
-1 hellion, was restored to all t ber Coutitu
: tioual relations to the Union, by the patri
otism and energy of her injured and be
; tray -d people. Before the war was bro't
! to a termination they bad place* 1 the 1. selves
1 in relations with the General Government,
I had established a Stale Government of
their own, and as they were not included
in the Emancipation Uroclaination they,
by their own act, had anie..ded their Con
stitution so as to abolish slavery within the
limits of their State. I know no reason
why the State of Tennessee, for example,
should not fully enjoy all her Constitution
al relation- to the United State.
The President ot the United States I
stands toward the country in a somewhat
different altitude from that of any member I
of Congress chosen from a single district i
State. The President is chosen by the I
people of all the States, eleven States are j
I not, at this time, repiesented in eitlier I
' branch of Congress. It would seetn to be 1
! his duty, on all proper occasions, to pre j
sent their just claims to Congress. There j
always will be differences of opinion in the !
community and individuals may be guilty!
of transgressions of the law. But these |
do not constitute valid objections against!
the right of a Sate to representation. It j
woulJ in no wise interfere with the discre-i
tion of Congress with regard to the qualifi-'
cations of membeis; but I hold it my duty 1
to recommend to you in the interests of,
peace, ami in the interest of the Uuion, tee ,
admission of every State to its share off
public legislation, when-, however insubor-1
dinatc, insurgent or rebellious its people 1
may have been, it presents itself not only J
in an attitude of loyalty ami harmony, but j
in the person-of representatives whose loy
alty cannot be questioned under existing
Constitutional or legal test. It is plain
that an indefinite or permanent exclusion
<>f any part of the country from represen
tation mu-t be attended by a spirit of dis
quiet and complaint. It is dangcreus and
unwise to pursue a course of measures
which wil. unite any large section of the j
count.-y against another s ction of the conn- j
try, no matter how much the other may 1
predominate. The course of immigiation,!
the development of industry and business
and natural courses wi.l rai-e up at the
South men as devoted to the Union as those
of any other part of the land. But if they
are all excluded from Congress; if in a
permanent statute they are declared not to
be in full <'oiistitutional relations to the
country, they may think they h.ve cause to
become a unit in feelings and sentiments
against the Government Under the po
litical education of the American people,
the idea is inherent and ineradicable that
the consent ot the majority of the who e
p opli* is necessary to secure a willing ac
quiescence in legislation. The bill under .
consideration refers to certain ot the States
as though thy had not been fully restored 1
in all tluqr Constitutional relations to the j
United States.' If they have not let u at
once act together to secure that desirable
end at the earliest possible moment. It is
hardly necessary for ineto inform Congress
that, iii my own judgment, most of those
States, so far, at lea-t, as depends upon
their own action, have already been fully j
restored, and are to be deemed to be enti- j
tied to enjoy their constitutional rights as
members 01 the Union. Reasoning trom
the Constitution itse.f, and from the actual
situation of the country. I feel not only ;
entitled but bound to assume, that with the ;
Federal Courts restored in* the several
States and interests ot all classes of the peo
ple will, with tire aid of the md.tarv iti eases
of resist a. ice to the law, he essentially pro
tected against unconstitutional infringement
ami violation. Should this expectation
unhappily fail, which 1 do not anticipate,
theu the Executive is already armed witu
the powers conferred by the Act of March
1805, establishing Lite Freedmeii's Bureau ;
and hereaftt r, as heretofore, lie can employ
the laud and naval forces of the country
to suppress insuireetion and to overcome
obstructions to the laws.
I return the bib to. the Senate in the car
nest hope that a measure involving ques
tions and interest so important to the coun
try, will not become a law u ilesa upon de
liberate consideration by the people it
it shall receive the sanction of afl enbghu
ent-d public judgment
(Signed.) ANDREW JOHNSON.
WASUIWOAOH, L). C., Feb. 19, 1866. j
t3T Why do raen who ara about to
fight a duel generally choose a field for the
place of action ? For tLe purposa of al
lowing the ball to great.
TBZIMS, 02,00 r33H.
Kill Arp", it will be remembered, *w
recently elected to the Senate of Georgia,
in a letter to the Metropolitan Record ha
writes:
For two tnoraentus and inspirin weeks
the Legislature have been in solemn ses
sion, one of whom I am proud to be which
For several days we were engaged as
skouts, raaken a sorter rekony sauce to see
whether Georgy were a State or a* Injun
Territory —whetliei we were in the old
Union 01 out of it; whether me and my
folks and you and your folks were some
body ; and lastly, but by no means leastly,
wiieiher our yoor innocent children, born
during the war, were all illegal ano had to
he horn over again or not. This last pint
are very much unsettled, but our women
are advised to be knlm and screen.
My friends, our aim lias honestly been
| t<> git you all back into the folds of the
! glorious old Union. Like the prodigal
| "On, we had nutliin to live on. and feel in
; lonesome and hungry, have b<-en bowin
j and ser pin and making appologys for five
or six months. We have been siandin
atur off for weeks and weeks, but durn the
calt do tli.y kid for us. They know we've
got nutliin, for they can't eat up our sub
.-tance ; as for puttiu riug> on our fingers,
; we couldent expekt it until they bring me
j back the jewelry they carried away. 1
; cannot say, in the language of the poet,
■ I hat our lal*or has been a labor of love, for
we've bad monstrous poor encouragement,
j to be sliure; but we had all set oui beads
towards ibe stars and stripes, and we jinily
rlctermined that, come wool come wo, sink
or swim, survive or perish, thunder or lite
; nin, we'd dip back, or sneak back, or git
i back somehow or somehow else, or we'd
I stay out forevei and over, amen and be
; banged to 'em, so-called, 1 golly.
Romaucelarid fte&ll £*
I Many of the citizens of Pottsville no
i doubt remember a handsome,dashing voung
1 officer ot the Seventeenth United States in
i fantry, Lieut. Ed. McCoimel, who was for-
I nierly stationed here on recruiting service.
"Lieut. Ned" was a brave and distinguish
ed officer, and being tine looking, and of a
gay and festive turn generally, lie was
quite a favorite with many of the ladies and
"fast" men here.
Some time after having here the Lieu
tenant rose to the position of a Major, and
was appo n'.ed Piovost Mar.-lial of St. Lou
is. In the meantime he contrived to be io
Ilarriaburg frequently* and became too in
timate with the daughter of Gov. Curtin to
suit the fancy of the Governor, who finally
ordered him to discontinue his visits.
day however. Major McConnel and
the Governor's daughter stepped into the
office of some magistrate, to the Governor
unknown, and were married. The bride
returned home, a.id not long after the Ma
jor ca'h dto see her. when the "stern pa
rent ' objecting, lie was made acquainted
with tin* true po it ion of affairs. Of course
lie "exalted the antique Nicholas"' general
ly. but finally cooled down and proposed
t'i send his daughter, who was rather young
to a boarding school foi a year before sbe
enteied into the responaibiluics of house
keeping, etc. I hi" plan was carried out,
and the youthful bride was &ent off to a .dis
tant seminary.
Maji.r Nisi, becoming dissatisfied with
this arrangment, carried the young lady off
again. But Major Ned, the gossips say,
was inclined to fast living, and the "course
of true love ' didn't run smooth. The GOT
ernor went to sea f<r tiie benefit of his
hea th. Cupid did the same, probably,
and the romantic union of the Major and
his paftuer ended in a most unmmantic
sq nibble. Last week a bill of divorce in
their case •as passed by the Legislature
at llarrishuig and the iily-matched pair
were separated as suddenly and as much
to the surprise of the gossips as they had
been unii<d. Major N>d is again a gay
single man, and the young lady a miss ;
and both pariies will doubtless be a little
more cautious next time about "tying the
knot with the tongu<* that ean't be untied
with the teeth.'— Pcttsvillt Stand trd.
GST Reading, the county scat of Old
Bei Ks, has long be. n under the control of
the Republicans; but on Fr day lasttha
Dmocrtcy rallied at the munic pal elec
tion and made a clean sweep of '.lie city.—-
The whole democratic city ticket was elect
ed by a majority of over two hundted. —
This shows plainly that the populrr tide
has lumed against the fanatics who aro
now in power. The people sec and feel
that they are not ftt to be entrusted any
longer with the ntfairs of the government.
Reading has long been a hi ick spot on the
fair escutcheon ol'tlie Gibralter of Democ
racy. Old Berks is now white all over.—
The highest official voted for wasfity
Auditor. Tiie D. mo-ratio candidate
was elected by 204 majority. Lancaster
tired the first gun for the success of the
'•white man's tickether sister city of
Reading answers with a cheering salute,
which is destine ! to go the whole round of
good old Pennsylvania. Look out for
Democratic thunder this year, all around
the sky!
A Down-East debating club ia ar
guing the question, "Which is the moat ef
fective agent in the reduction of the popu
lation of civilized countriea — war, cholera,
or railroad switchmen ?"
jgy Although the people of Conneati
eut, Wisconsin and Minnesota, lately
j clared against negro iuffrage by large mm
VOL. 5 N0.29
Bill Arf* Views.