HARVEY SlCHlLEli^^prlttor.l
NEW SERIES,
Uortli sr;titcli f rainsrt.!
A weakly Democratic _. ijf**iii
paper, devoted to Pol-
end Sciences Ac. Pub- v ~
day, at Tutikhapnock,
BY HARVEY SICKLER.
Terms—4 copy 1 year, (in advance) 81.50. I
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Business Cards of one square, with paper, 8".
JOB WOUK
9f all kinds neatly executed, aud. at prices to suit
the times.
r')~ *7. • ' •
fhisiitfss JJoliffS.
BACON STAND.—Nicholson, I'a. C L
JACKSOX, Pr prictor. [vln49tfj
i'tEO. S. TUTTrtN, ATTORNEY AT LAW.
vT Tuukhannock, Pa. Office in fc'tark's Bii k
Block, Tioga street.
A
XT7M. M. PIATT, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Of-
VV fice in Stark's Brick Block, Tioga St., Tunk
•hannvick, Pa.
RR. A S. AV, LITTLE ATTORNEY S AT
LAW, Office on Tioga street, Tuukhannock
Pa.
JV. SMITH, M. D , PHYSICIAN A SURGEON.
• Office on Bridge Street, next.Uoor to the Demo
crat OfSce, Tunkhnnnock, Pa.
HS. COOPER, PIIYSIOTAN A SURGEON
• Nejwtop Centre, Luzerne County Pa.
l>li. .J. C- BECKEU Y CO.,
PIIY9ICI VXM SV'lijjiE.ON'S,
Would respectfully .. .nonnce f.■ citi'/"n- - o r Wy
nring that they h.a\e located at Tunkh innock wher
bey will promptly attend to : 11 calls ill the line of
neir profession. May be found at his Drug SUio
r>t professionally absent.
JM. CAREY, M. I).— (Graduate of the vf
• M. Institute, Cincinnati) "ii 1 resjiectfully
announce to the citizens of Wyomihr ant Luzerne
Counties, that he e mtinucs his regular pr o-ftee in the
s-arious depi tmcnta ot iim profession. M*v rm #owno
wt his office or re.-i len'.-e, when not professionally ab
cnt
Particular attend: n given to the treatment
Chronic liiseas.
entremorciand, Wyoming Co. Pa.—v2n2
WALL'S HOTEL,
LATE AJyrrsllCAN HOUSE,
TUNKHANNOI Sv. 44 YOM2NG i O , PA
THIS establishment 1> is recently been refitted an 1
furnished in the latezf style Ever* attention
will he given to the comfort and convcn-enve ot those
wio patronize the House.
T. B 4VAI.L, Owner an I Proprietor. j
Tunkhanneck, .reptumbcr 11, 1661.
MAYNABD'S HOTEL,
TU\KII \NN(K'K.
WYOMING COUNTY, PENNA.
J 011 N MA Y N A III), Proprietor.
HAVING taken the Hotel, in tb Borough of
Tunkhanncck, re.cently occupinl by Riley
Warner, the proprietor respectfully soli its a share ot
}Mblie patronage. The House hos been thoroughly
rapai.-ed, and the comforts and accomodations of-a
Grot class Hotel, will be found ly all wh > may favor
t with their custom. September 11, 1361.
NORTH RRANSH HOTEL,
MESHOPPEN, WYOMING COUNTY, I'A
Wm. 11. (.'OUTRIGHT, Prop'r
HAVING resumed the nroprii t ar-hip of the above
Hotel, the undersigned will s;nre no effort to
render the house an agreeable place ot rejourn for
*ll who ia*y favor it with thoir custom.
Win II CCRTIUIIJIT.
Jane, 3rd, 1363
osm l)otrl,
TOW2L3XT33A, PA.
D. B- BARTi .ET,
[Late ot tho BBTUINARP Ilot-sn, ELMIUA, N. Y.]
I'ROPKIETOR.
The MEANS! HOTEL, i onor.fthe LAR(}E.-T
find BEST ARRANGED H uses in the country It 1
is fitted up in tho most modern an 1 improved stv.'p,
find Bo pains are spared to make it a pleasant and
agreeable Stopping-place for aif,
v 3. n2l. ' v
M. OILMAN,
5 \ 1 +; -fir"
4ltW 110 11 V v , .
• • i
>LT OILMAN", has pennansntly Icw-nted in Tnnk-
IVI. bannock Borough, and respectfully under.; his f
professional services to the citizens ( f this t i t-e and
urronnding country.
ALL WORK WARRANTED, TO OIVE SAT I?
FACTION.
jar Office over Tutton's Law Office, near t' e Pos '
Office
®*e U, 1561.
TO NERVOUS SUFFERERS OF BOTH
SEXES. " ' " F
eiS?I E K RE nk X> - <3EmKMANHAVrNG I
U ', a . fcw d 'J' 5 . undergoing all f
rZ„. ?,r;' niJ lrrc? " 1 " expensive modes pf I
VL? m • / SUcc "*> considers it hisMcfejl du- !
yto comi. .aicnte to his afflicted fellow creatures 1
the means or cure Hence, on the reec.t of an Kl '
t reused envelope, he wilt scn.l (free) ft 4 copv vf the
rtexnptioqnted. Direct to Dr J 0 „a M jJAG.VU! 1
Fa !?/ Street, Brooklyn Now Tork v??4!y '
' *m+ l
SPEECH
OF
HON. D. W. VOORHEES,
OF INDIANA.
Delivered In the House of Representatives
of the United State'., March .1, 1961.
[CONCLUDED.]
But, sir, I will be told by the advocates
of force and violence a.s a remedy, and the |
*o!e remedy, for our troubles, that although
the South might send commissioners to treat
for peace, yet they would accede to no term
save recognition and separation. In sup
port of this vtewjceitain propositions recent
lv off,-rod in tiie Congress at Richmond are
cited. To my mind thev indicate a far dif j
ferent conclusion. It is true they do not sig
utfy to me that the power of the southern
people is exhausted; tiiat the rebellion is
enislied ; that a'pantc of fear prevails in the
Southern mind, that a government, whether
tie facto or <le jure, which can maintain an
armv of half a million of well armed men in
the field is c -nqu red Ido not see the evi
dence Of all this a* some have professed to
do every sixty days since the war began :
hut Ido see in these imp ittons an earnest
desire upon the part of the South to conlorm
to the usages of the civilized wotld, and to
bring thi- uiih&.qiv and disastrous c inflict to
a close by the power ot reason. It is tr ie
that ©.rain oljec's are declared for which
they disire to negotiate; but does that fact
| include final re-uhs which may grow out of]
1 negotiation when once commenced ! What
! nation at war with unoitier ever opened coin
] municatioii tor a treafv "f peace by pr claim
I iug in advance 'he precise terms on which it
; was to he ounelu led ? Sucii a Course per
i . uiptorialiy excludes ii:e v ry idea of negoti
ation. Comtnis -loners would have no discre
tion, and reason and atgument would hive
n > room to act. Such is not, in my judg
ment, the meaning of this movement in t n*
Confederate Congress. Sir, what is this con
test? What iuter.sts does it involve ?
ihev at.- very distinct and simple when di
vorced lrom fanaticism On the part of those
I who have kept their allegiance it is a 9'rug
git- to maintain the boundaries of the Repub
I iic. and thus defeat the ruinous doctrine that
a State has a right to secede. On ttie part
of those in rebellion, it is as effort, in their
estimation, to pre-erve the integrity of their
local laws, iheir social institutions, the right
1 to control their domestic affairs free flom
Federal fntertVrence. With some, this at
empt is tnatle tind. r a claim of the r'ght of
:-• cession ; n] tiers proclaim a revolution,
which i> lite right < I all pe -ple if grievances
sufficient exi-t as a justification. But the
people o! toe S"tfh are united in the objects
j at which they ami. an I if they could he at
tained in tlie Union, an 1 without war, would
rhy gladly embrace ami accept them rather
: Mian con iin to m a state of en Hess hostility,
which is .le-t roving the very interests they
e eck to protect ? Whv the gentleman from
Dioo (Mi. ft afield) te-. ared a lew 4a} s ago
ill 111 its tl 'op, that it the privates of the op
posing armies in the field were permitted to
(•■•me together in peace ; fry- would speedi
h rctiH'.vc all our IFoub'eS ; arid yet tie-.poke
and voted in favo" ot taking from even the
wives and children ol the S u'hern masses,
who. he asserts, are thus wiling to return
ihe Union, tiie last I >ot s til. HI>1 the Ir.i
ci'ijst I bread by wi.ic't life i< sustained.—
With such evidence then as this can wej.is
tify ourselves before God or tnan if we fail
to respond to the action of tiie A >uth in fa
vor of negotiation, winch promises in ad
vance -licit hippv re*ults ? Let all gnevaue
e. whether fancied or real, he considered by
candid Rtatesinan-hip. 1.-t then tie safe and
; unrepeatable guarantees adopted against
; tii<>.-e that are found to he real ; and those
i that are fancied will he easily explained
awav. Five enli". ten-'d commissioners from
eacii section, imbued with the spirit of Chris
tion bertev lence animated by an unselfi-h
love of country and <>f their fellow-me*i,
meeting by the consent and encouragement
ctf their respective authorities, could, and in
my solemn and deliberate judgment would,
iu ninety days agree upon terms which
would he acceptable to a large majority o
the American people, and by which the Un
ion of the.e States would lie more firmly es—
tab i-hed bin ever before 'be lives of mill
ions spared, the bar I earnings f the laborer
left for him to etij >y, peace and domestic
tranquility restored. [ would nnpr ve the
armistice which winter declares to 'achieve
many bloodless and permanent victories in
f:,v rof the Union and the Constitution. 1
Wf uld not stop her,*. f would extend th"
armistice a- long as there was hope ~f induc
ntg the return of a single State. But sup-
I pose negotiotion should fail. Then, indeed,
i would this A lministration be armed wiih an
] argument in favor of war which t! lias never
vet possessed This lact ts well understood
bv the Executive and his advi-ers, hut they
refuse to negotiate because they have reason
to believe that the Union w mhl thus be re
stored and the war ended. But slavery
would not thereby he abolished, and ttie
scheme, "f building up ads,otic, centraliz
ed Federal Government would be defeated.
The war, therefore, goes ■ n ; the voting men
of ths nation are swept into their graves up
on the pi tin of battle, and the old men be—
come slaves to the tax gatherer. not to re
store the Unon, but to give a worthless lib
crty to the black man. an 1 to strike down
the legal rights and privileges f the white
] man.
Sir upon this question of negotiation, c >il
| Cession, compromise end Union, f appeal for
appr, val to my own conscience ft sustains
n. • with all tiie force of a burning Conviction
jof duty, llv it lam 'ifted beyond the reach
ofpr.rtisan inah.ee: I appeil to the people !
1 ftp voice ami humane tns'incis of honest na
Hire will p'ead my cuuse in thoir hearts.
At t heir hinds I tear no evil for the country.
I he} are just, and will appreciate a plain
| and inherent element of right. I appeal to
future years. When candor, reason and
Christianity sit in judgment on this struggle,
■ every line wbi h records the history of war
or peace in all former ages, tells me that
, their verdict will be in favi.r of the princi
ples which I advocate I seize this hour of
\ future triumph by anticipation. That it will
Come I entertain no no-re doubt than Idi
that I breathe thv air • f life this moment.—
F appeal, Anally, to G d, before whom I
stand, and into whose presence we all hasten
to answer for our conduct and our motives
in that awful hour i humbly trust and be
"TO SPEAK HIS THOUGHTS IS EVERY FREEMAN'S RIGHT. "—Thomas Jeflersen.
TUNKHANNOCK, PA., WEDNESDAY, APRIL 20, 1864.
lieve that my feeble eff >rts to turn aside the
devouring edge of the sword ; t > atay the
hand of the great reaper, death ; to pause in
the horrid work of sending souls to their
eternal account witihout repentance or par
don, to stop bereavement, woe and tear
around every fireside; to brighten the mourn
ful face of the land with the radianc- of
peace; to reconstruct and restore a fraternal
and harmonious Union will meet theapprov
al of the Father and go far toward relieving
the new'y liberated and trembling spirit of
the terrors which surround it.
Bur, Mr. Chairman, what other declared
pui pises of the Constitution for the accom
plishment of which tins Government was c>
i.ablisbed have been cariied out bv the poli
cy and administration ol the party now in
power ? Do they promote the general wel
fare ? With the principles of justice every
where suppressed, the blessing of liberty an
nihilated throughout all our borders, and
the domestic tranquility utterly destroyed,
it is almost needless to inquire what is left
to cons i'uie the general welfare. But it i
mv painful dutv on this occasion not only to
show that the principles of free government
are dying, rapidly dying before our faces, hut
that the material prosperity, the absolute,
physical resources of .to* country are perish
ing also The welfare, the .strength and glo
rv of a nation are dependent in a vast meas
ure upon the extent of its population, and
the amount of its wealth. Next to the vw
tue and intelligence of the people, their nu o
hers c nisti'ute the power and dignity of
a State. Toe ancient commandment and the
blessing delivered to ttie original founders ol
the iiiimiii race was to be fruitful. mu|tiplv
and replenish the eartii. And one of the
rich'-st promises to the Patriarchs of old was
that their 'rihes and their descendi n's should
increa-i* until they became as the i ares of
itie forest and the sands of the se -h uv.—
Every public ruler who by wise political and
social economy ha< rapidly swelled the popu
Itnioii of this country, holds a place in Lis-to
ty as a benefactor of his kind. Every ho
tun being is a machine of labor Eic'i head
and each hand is a producer. The busy br.tin
an 1 active muscle are perpetually adding 'n
ihe storehouse, ttie granaries, and the mer
chant ships of the w old. It was a blessing
and not a curse ; if was in mercy and not iu
wrath that man was commanded to eat his
bread in the sweat of his face. By obedi
ence to this command toe glorv of erviliza
tion adorns the earth, and commerce pei.e
trafes the 'noat distant seas. The fulfillment
of tins decree redeems the savage face of na
t ore, rudds up the great marts of trade, pat
rutiizes sciences and letters, erects temples
to art an i progress, aid i< a forerunner to
the Christian faith. Labor is the foundation
of all wealth, and of all happiness. Nations
and individuals are alike utterly and entirely
dependent upon i for their prosperity. And
national prosperity is simply the result ot
individual labor. The hu nble and obscure
toil of the honest ploughman, who
Homeward plods his weary way."
at nigh full is the source of ill the nation's
greatness, the foundation of all i's \ast en
terprises, the support "f all its h >a-te 1 reve
nues ; it is the small spring break-ug into a
rivulet from IIR* hill s de, winch 11 >wing on
and mingling with the other waters ofit
kindred at I est swells into an ocean on whose
hosoin the destinies of the world pre deter
mined. All 'iu* great authors who have writ
ten on tiie subject of the wealth of nation
have recognized this a6 a fundamental trti'h-
Adam Smith embraces if in the first s*iece
of this immortal work He says:
" Tho annual labor of every nation is the fund
which originally supplies it with all iho nevessarus
nn-1 conveniences of life, woich it annually con
sumes and *hich consists always either in the imme
diate produce of tn it labor, or in what is purchase 1
wi.h that produce from other nations."
L 'Cke, in Ins equally celebrated treatise
on civil government is still more explicit and
clear upon tfi is ooint. lie uses the fo'l >a
tng laiigua ;e, which covers tiie whole philo
ophv "f labor:
" 'Tis labor then, which puts the greatest part of
the value upon land, witho t which it would saarely
be worth anything. Tis te that we owe the great
est part of all its useful products ; for all that jhe
straw, bran, bread of tn it acre of wheat is in ire
worth than the product of an acre of goo t lan 1 which
lies TV; te is *ll tho effect of labor. For 'ti< not
merely the ploughman's pains, the reaper's and tlie
thrashers toil, tu I the baker's sweat, is to be count
ed ict'i the bread we eat • the labor of th".'e who
broke the oxen, who digged and wrought the iron
and stones, who felled and framed the timber em
ployed about the plougl , mill, oven, or any other
utensils, which are a vast number, requisite to th s
r un, trom ifi being seed to be sown, to its being
in i 1 bread, must all be charged in the account of
luhor, an t rece'ved as an effect ef that: nature and
t' e earth furnishing only the almost wortbie-s ma -
rials ■in themselves. 'Twoul ibe a s'.-ange cata
logue of things th it in lustry provi ted and ui ide uses
of about every toof of bread, before it oaina to our
use, if we could trace them. From wood, leather,
barks, timber, stone, hri-k. coils, lime, cloth, dyeing
drtt -s, pitch, tar. masts, rope and all niulerial
tn- .e use of in ths ship that br' tight away the coin,
moditir" made u.-eof\v yof the workmen to nnr
part of the work, all which 'twoul i be almost im 1 >s
sible. at le tto long to reckon up.
Sir as d; then fnun motives if humanity
what shall be said of an administrative p|>-
r-y which is unnecessarily depopulating the
nation ? Every unrangnined field of strife
cove-ed wen the noble and unce aniin,i'e<i
f.<rnis of Ainerican citizms, is an irreparable
l.isstoihe true wealth ot the c tutrry.—
VVhen the last call for- troops wf ich has been
made upon the laborers ot the land, by the
Executive, fihall have been complied with,
more than two millions of men will have
gone to the fields of death. In the veiir
18<)0, the number of voter* in the United
S'ates, including all the sections was 4 001
189. The States which remained faithful in
the Union contained, at the commeiicnieut
of this war. about hree millions. This mav
fairly be computed as the number of labor
ers in the loyal States three years ago, for
while mi iv who vote are too "Id to work,
yet, peril tps an equal number are capah'e of
lab r who are too young to vote.
It wil thus be seen that rwo-ibirds of the
laboring population of the country have a!-
readv be ,j n levied upon by tliia remofaeless
administration and drawn away from the
business of production. Figures cannot lie,
and the census tables do not deceive. The
prosperity ef this government Consists in the
labor of its people. This is its only capital.
In proportion as the population is diminishe 1
or diverted fr->m productive pursuits, in Die
same propirtio.i is the general welltare de
strove i. And no nation ever long survived
the'shuck which the abstraction of two
thirds of its population inflicted upon every
branch and department of industry. A par
ilyaifl wilt sei£e every healthful func'ton of
Government. The sap of life will c.-a*c to j
ascend, and the greeu tree will wither and]
die. The tountaina will be dried up, and the (
river will eats? to 9 >w. Sir, fam dealing
in no imaginary picture. Go to ttie regions ]
of agriculture on which all cWc depends.— !
You w 1 there hear the cry that tins lab- r
•rs are few. One man cannot do the work
of three; and two are gone and hut one i> i
left to sow the seed and reap the harvest
I have seen the wife and the mother tilling I
the soil in niv own distr>c ; her children !ol- j
lowing in the furrow, and iheir filher away ;
in the army.. I have seen broad lertile acre>
in the West lying waste and idle for the j
want of hands to place them in cultivation <
II nv long can th.s s'ate of things continue ?
How long will one-'hird of our u-ual p o !
duce meet the dema ids of uur increased and
sMipeiidous xpenditures ? How long can
diminished prodiicifon and multiplied laxa
tion go ban i m hind ? H>w long can you
continue to des'roy the laborer, ai.d at the
same nine rai-e a revenue frniu the produts
ot labor ? The tendency and speedy resuli
of our present career are plain and inevitable.
Soon, very soon, the fruits of industry wnl
prove in 'dequate to meet the annua! demand
of the National Treasury, and then the land
itself, ttie farm, tiie homestead, must be ex
ha ist.'d an 1 swept a.vay. Are you ready
for this? Are you ready for the laud lax
upon uncuhivated fi d is, in addition to ihc
I tribute w.'i'cn w • aireidy pay t fitiatigifini
i and corrupt ton ? If ynu arc, tbeu eternal
I war, vast conscriptions, no negotiation, no
I reunion, no peace, will firing with tearf il
I rapidity the realization of all tour hop s. -
But in the protbgate destruction of hutna •
lite; and wanton and wicked overthrow of
tiie whole natural system ol American labor.
liow much I mger do you expect the toiling
I t • endure in silence ? Wnen the
| curtain fir : rose on the hateful scene of this
j c.vil war, the Country was mocaed with a
! call for seven■ y five thousand men, and on"
i greedy ears were si u'ed from higfi quarters
j with the fiat • ring story tint He in ion
would scarcely wax and wane until ttie G v
eminent would again poess us own Yai
fell me of
esty in tiie present conduct of our disastrous
ntfiirs. Sr. not a plan laid down in tiie
beginning hot w iat has failed, and not a
pr ninse made bv this A 1 n nistratmn to the
people but what lias been broken. The at
mos ~f ihe rebellion still stand with a defi
ant front aiinoat in sigh' of the Capita'; and
the hoarse and terrible demands of a ne.t
c inscription are now going • -nt over the conn
irv a< lat.al to tii" peace a > I hippie ss <if ft e
pe..pie as the croak of tiie raven to trie bf>
ot Du ic-in. D • the f< w who now riot in the
i lives and fortunes of the many imagine that
they can pr 1 >ng forever the decepti m which
they have imposed upon an anxi *us an!
trusting people ?
But on this vital question of the rapid de
crease of our laboring population, and the
c 'iiet-quent prostration of the general welfare
[ will doubtless b met by an indignant de—
nai from the other side of the chamber. 1
submit, therefore, the I Mowing extract from
the last message of the president;
"I ag n subini' to your const l-ration the e.rpe li
] en'V ot iblishing a system for the encouragement
jof 'uninigration Although th's sour,-e of u.itienal
: wealth nnd strength is ng fin fl uving with greater
I free-loin than for several years before tho insurrec
i tion occurred, t.hero is suit a great <l< fiaen -y iu ev
ery Soil of indu-trv especially in agriculture, ant
l in "tir in'n s. well n' ir-m as the p--e-ious met.als
I While the iea n<i for labor is thu in roa.-ed here,
' tens of thousands of peons destitute of remunera
i tive oe up ition are thronging our foreign consul Tes.
I * 'd offering to euitirato to (he United States, if ess
] ential, but very cheap assiutance can ba aforded
i them "
I am a friend to th.- foreigner —tn the
Strang r wh" seeks our shore- t enjoy liber
rv or two increase his stores. I stood bv
hiui wh n the Ev'Cutive and his chief sup
p rters took the midnight -n'h to disfnn
chise hiui because of fus religious fai'fi, and
"ppresseif bun in all "iir b >rders. 1 welcoe
him now wnh a warm and extended hand n.
the eqoa! enjoy oent of all that our si.at er.*d
and defaced institution*. But wt'k what
sorrowful emotions will the people ot tlu
"iice proud land listen to the voice of A;uer
ica pleading wi'h the population "f Enrobe,
and ofi. ring the i pecuniiry iii'luceiaents t •
C"me and t ike th" places it our |o-t an dead
'o fid toe empty ch or- amuiol the bereaved
fireside—to -tippy die demands which war
mil deaih have in nie in the corufiel i and ai
harvest time! ami vet the de-trovuig angle
i- to continue to hover in everv blast ; tin-
tierce spirit of the g';is and -cvthe i- t<> pu
siie his msattftte c.i'ce ; the flower of our
m uih 'itd ate to be cut d ,v • ; -tratigers from
loreign hinds are t" ot-ciipy their vacant -eat-;
and it i< treason to attempt to stay this fi.r
rid holocaust, of human sacrifice bv a resto
ration of the ti ivernm.mt upon the princi
ples which w. re satisfactory '•• \Vahttigto >!
l'he rebel chief at U ciiiuotid, who inaktS
open war against "he Union, and th - Execu
tive here who d" -8 nt in ike war for it, a' I
who would not accept its restoration to day
on the ancient doctrines of the Constitution,
are engaged by con-cnpii >n, force ami vio
lencc in hurling against each other the un
willing and peaceful populations of evvr.
Section; bleeding, palpitating ami inangle'l ;
to stniggle, to c unb.at and 10 tiie, like the
glaiba'ois in the amphitheater of R >iue.
butchered to make a K uuan holiday. Tue-i
are tacts winch will not c-cipe history, an 1
yet, theconsent of .the governtd is the ju-i
meaurcof power wfnch a public ruler can
exercise in a free government, and we fondly
imagine that wt*sti,l ;ti*e tree!
Bui in iimnediate alliances with the qnes
tion of population arises the consideration of
the amount of burthen which i* to b.* borne
While looking on the one hand in sad u*s
atii grief t tin* depletion an destruetion ot
the laboring masses, we are comjielled t"
turn and gaze with apprehension and terr r
of the fright ful proportions an i in'reusing
rnaguitu ie ol our public lndeb'edness. A
the ability of the people to m>-et taxation
becomes each day tn>r* feeMe, the d'-m "ids
up n their foil and their resource* account
late with appolltng velocity. I shall deal in
c >hi and steady figures. What I assert up-n
the subject of the national rlebt I siand pre
pared to make good, as time, the test of
truth, has done for me heretofore. On the
51 -1 day of May, 18G2. on this floor, I made
the following statement.
"It is sale, then, to conclude that th year that
is to come, and on which wo are just entering—tha
second year of tho war —Rill swell the in lebtednscs
of tnis Government to the alaruiing sum of i' 2, 000,-
009. 000."
The tierce clamor which broke upon my
head here and elsewhere, for that atatematH,
will not be uasilv forgotten. I was honored
by an officaa) contridic'i m from Hie Secreta
ry of the Treasury fumselt. produceil on this
ti >.r hv the'uit lem -n tr in M tsai'hu*ct t.-.
(Mr I)i we--.) Then came iu i goant on ci its
of iijured patrto'isui from the ihr at- of thai
venal and -lavish c'as- who earn UIH I v r of
princes, and porciia-e priveh-ge* of p under
tv ecnoiug the words of their mi-'er But
f appealed to tune I>r mv vmditiiion, and
now n-re again to day, 1 challenge in
accusers to tiie is-ue.
On the sixth div of Mtrcb, 1804, when the
Tntrty seventh Cons' res* a j oirned. less than
one year from the date of my -'iniai(, tie
appropriation-of m-i.e-v mm l!. Eii>ial
Treasury, in the pa* meot -I use pub! c x
fie di I lifts, tnod a- foil w :
First session 37ih Congres- 5279 071 500
Second do do 876 109 600
Third do do 974 128 100
Total amount 82 126 iSU9 200
Ii will i tiu ' e seen, unit in less uiait tie
time h\ me sp Cell • i to my -pe -Ch ol Mi*
21- ; 18 12 that o-n • 0 .■ t wh c i I
aas ttie i a member, appnpria ed .*>128.309
200 ni r than even 1 pred-C'ed w old tie
c > i-uiiie I hv our alartinn; rate expense
Reports ma}' he wri ten by able and skififul
pens, and speech s uiav he made hi ei q ieoi
au ! plau-thle tongues in -order to di.-nut-e
• tieS>- figures, and delude tile I eople -ill
firmer t< ttieir ruin, hut itie murder of w.e
tia'lon's welfare a. li-i will out an I bank
rup cy, Ike an u i -asy and troubled tr' - 1
wiih its shriv-lle l face an 1 skele'o i fi gers,
will c'uie ti> plague an 1 mrm-nt the ai ti
les- lUi'r lereTi. Ittntv he an unwelcome
'ask to pnrtrav tiic-e ticts naw, toil tln
•l'iiir is fast approaching, in w i na the so,.s
and daug'iters ••! Inoiesi toil will lay hitter
in iled'Ci ion-o i I tie authors of tins oppres
sion and I hank those w.io hive p ill ted mi
their danger.
I t tiie r-p >rt of the Secretary "f the Tva
-ury suhmH'ed ar i tie "pening -f me pre —m
se--i"ii of Congrcs-, w-ti id in- i-e meet >t
i the ti-cil year en 1 Mo i e 3d, 18.il • tie
•'Xpeti-e- .if Hie G iVe.'iiiileiit' am untlilg t
!51,099,731900 E i- 11 otr thai lie amu-e
--ine Country h* a Conjecture tliat a c >n-dera
t>le p >rtioo of to it s i n wdl no b • <xp - n led
it tbe cl ®e of thi* fi -cl ?e tr II a- is tha•
I' may all be appP>piia ed, tint genii* tot!—
i mates t hat so ue' of it ma * r iri.ioi i o h-s hail-,
j out paid out on 'oe 30;ti -June, !BGi Bot
! oeismucb as *ve !ve a'readv' at th.s siso.-n
i pa.-sed deficiency bilis over and ab -ve Ins
; "mates to tor eX ! -lit f more than atm el
red million- of d.-ILrs. I most d,c me tuk
nig am calcuiaiton o, <>u any lower basis than
•h" toil am Mint . | fns own fi nr.--. Tnen
akiug ihe apnr priation- already in ale up i>-
March 4 h, 18(j4, as ah -v state :
At SJ, 126.3€'9,200
Add the estimate rt ihe S-.cre. iry
up to Jaue 30, 1564 1E99 7J1906
83,228,611 i 63
We thus have from the "fii •> >1 r. c > i-, m
todeluedoess on the 30m of June tn-x., no
m <re tfiat feir mo'nlis. dis'ant. reac log tie
sum of three tliou-and, fw trmdred and
wentv e'ght milli o-s, f .rtv-one rfi.oisan f
•re- fiondred an I sixiv •! oiars. Piu-e t>r a
•loincut. Ve sW -.l' 1.1.' ux p:\vrs, H'|d c-On
p'fbelid, it you Call, Ihe Welgll' ot tnis I >s<)
t pause with yo, for m* heart is tvnw a
loltle c!l"gmg to I tie scenes "I iirelipu-i
iii-baiidry vvmcti I repre-ent 'ere, ai"i
vlnch I spi-k |o s.ive from d.--ofi'ioti
•But the Secreinry ot toe I r*a-urv ha
•livrn us h forecast ot an oher *eir >1 the tu
•of". Cotnuieiictig agit'MVi '(•• Is ot Ju!>.
IBG4, and clo.sin Jn i.- 30 h. 1805 fi • gtve
ii- til- estimates of (he xpeii'tuiu e- ot an
"tier fi-ci! year He p aces Gem _
At SI, 151,315,033
Add the amount already es inateti
up t.* June 30th, 1364 '• 3,223 041.160
•ot.il debt, June 30th, I>G" 55,379,356.246
Fr tn ttit- am mil 1 niu-t be <1 lucti l ih
ictirtl receipt, from ev-r* -otirc.- •■( revenue
during toe years of 1802 and 16G3. H"d tin
est mated receipt* f>r Uie \ears .( 1804 an i
1865. Allowing tha' tin* estima' -. f th.
S. cretary will pr..ve c >rreC tn the future
w ten is exceedingly chun able :• vn-vv <d
ttie past, and We find tfi-it ' r. c. in - wt I
amount in all to 5'19.043 155. Suo'rac
his amount fr tn the ao .ye su , ami
h .ve Irlt S-3 860,213 093. To tills Hga n
however, tu ist b ad led t the lowest <-al-
I'tliattoti, one bun Ired and fifty tnt'lioiis t
cover ttie claims of S'ates for advances
ihe F <fei al G v. rntlt mt, and I tie c-t'ois <i<
ctttZ'ti- for llit* destruction <•! 'heir pro.i.-rtv
>. the inevitable operaitott* of war. I' n
itie niihoc dett w ill -t mi, Juste 30 ", 1865
ii $4 010 213 093. Sir, in tuts cilrm I
••ave strained nothing in • r I r t-i svtetl t
.mount. Far otherwise. I w-utld gladly
nminish it ifAn m* power. I tnve simtt
•akeo tiie an it it- appr.iprt it • i nv a f rtn.-;
tjo 'gress, and added the .m 'tint- wtnc t 'lie
Secretary "t fie Tr-a-ury u-k- shall '••• ap
..roprift'eii for the years of 1804 iu I 1 * ,5
I assume, and in >-t sat. I 1 t .ink in v.ew ot
I he pas', tnat all tie* noiiey tint- appr uutat
ed by Congress for specified otj.-ct- will be
-pent. This is all, and y.itt heboid the tip
nailing r.—nit. I do not -top to take an ac
e nnt >f S'a'e debts, winch co'tut h. hu; t
'lred- "f millions 1 pis- by the d,.f ( t ( ,t
j .unite-, cities towns and v iri'-n- corp. r ■
• tons, all of w ich are a direct tax up >n Im
people 1 simply cum .ore tiie F-f- rai m
di-b<plnei>!>, and yu hive Gtcso Irtgh lul fig
tires.
ST, this debt now inevitably fastened up m
the American pe .ply, has no paiallcl in tfi,.
tustory of natto'is. lis like is unknown iu
the annuls of ml'lkm l. The power of lan
•gitag - cannot exaggerate if as an ag"iu of de
struclioti. M re than four thousand million
>.f dollars ! I In- det>f of E-tglaod. w;>tc't is
n>w a permanent curse, is I. ss Yet. sn.ee
1829, tto Bnt.sh -tat'- -ill iit has i h* itlgtit ti r
an tntan' that t' w >nl t .-ve • h- fi i.llv p. 1
I" c >nituei tv' accttjigtii -ui.lt pr .p rt i x.-
'luntig the reign ot t'u tries 11 -i w . ,n , it-,- |
years ago. SucC'-edtug wars iup llv im-r.-a*
ed it, and I) -til *d all the wt- t>>m m I r< —ui
ces.it the English p-op! , in their long am!
midilnl eff" r's to acnooiplih ii* pa< iiien'.—
f'hey pay the itUere-t ami fnqt.'atti iiii
principle wi'hatl its cru-hmg **eight, t..
each succeeding ge.i M i'• t Ai I .-v * t tips
fturthett on itie lao-.r ol England is so great
and so perpetual, that <>ne e'ghth of horciti
Z'*ns are inmates of the f>o.,r h >u-e. ami at
most another etgh h have leen driven tv
want trom their native land. We are to trea.t
in the saute blighted pathway, groaning wea
rt'.y uoder a ettll heavier Juad—tit® cursed
TERM 9: 81.60 RER A.NM'IJM
f' tii'B 'f a sectional party, and ti.ianiui cor
ruption. We I. ok our upon lite field of the
fu'tire. It lie* diMij 1 and endless Intf-re u*.
Tin r.- is no laud of rest m 'he distance for
• lie tnvd tax pater. There is n< promise of
<i I v. . t-nce hnghteiiirf'g tlie sky belote htm.
His sit-j. Iroixi no- on is in a c ,- a-e!e*s tread
null, it*, tn which he will never ecaoo. Are
xoii afrai I, uieu of tale r it r.ugh'mt America,
to lo .k ai tins picture? Will you turn
aw av y. ur faces and hug yourselves in the
delusion that all is will, a little longer ?
Will v u iiuiusit and denounce the faithful
sentinel vho cries oui to you 'he appr ach of
i de-i ruction? [t iniy he so et awhile, it
is o the heart •( man to put off ihe evd
hour We ot'eii take ivh ge Irom danger by
affecting not to see it when we know n is in
< vi(able I) -a h itseli at 'asi urpnses us in
he mi l-t ol Hie busy plans and pleasing
a-pirat! iiß of Ife The Voice ol warning die
•iwav on me ear unheeded bv the heart
Bm this fact doe* nut div rc<* a nun in ptlb
i- s alton (r un the p -rforsuaiice ot ins 'hank
e*s duty. I shall fiere perform mine, and
j take ail tlie reward I seek or de-ore, in the
| approbation of my own con-cience—in the
ver present -elf assurance that I know that
lan acting f>r the Welfare of my c untry.
Sir, in order to enable us to grasp tho
! mightv fi "res which will suin up our na
tional d-t>! sixteen months luuice, let us in
dulge fr a in iiieni in c •niparisoiis. # Ttie
:r i*iti of ihe A iieric*n Republic, in all the
: • laments of material wealth, fr-un i's birth lo
. h" hour ol i,m present misfortune*, fiad been
> the marvel and wonder ol all time. It had
J strode upon Hie loftiest peaks of giea'ness
wiih an easy taindur step. In |>eace or in
warjour giory was the same—the fiist of all
mi*tons. Out actions at home and abroad
were up oh a scale of magnitude which
lwarii d tne g'aiit achievement* of history by
, cmiira-i. B n in all that tune very item of
j ■ ur pubic. xpemhf ure* would scarcely suffice
'•i meet the ili-iiiamis ot one year under our
' res, in system ot rum. Take the period of
I seventy two years —th >se bib-vou div* of
| i-t'criy and ira erniti—from 17>i'J t-> 1861
I) iring tieil -pace ot happi mile, for every
! \e-ir. H"d tr ail purposes, tfie expenses of
•fif Goverum nt were:
*i,453,790,788
! Far four .years from 1361 to 13G5 ••• 4,010,21j Ui3
, fnerea= of expanse i.. four roars over
twenty-two years $'2,556,4 22,307
F-ur miei hut terrible years under ttia
! present A (ministration will have consumed
| m -re tiian ttiree tunes as much ot the wealth
tne Iri> -r, tlie lax s of tn people as every
I it'ier A iuunis va'ton of the G >ver*mnent put
• •gethei ir on Washington lo James Buch
j man! I) > you sti'l say, in vrnw of itn
[ -tarthng tact, that there :* n> nec-*ity fr
lira cna .ge in our pohev a id in ur ruler*
I i i order to save us Iroui utter overthrow?
Are you s ill c ni'ent thar this ra e of ex-
I ix-nditlire siiail corinue? Uiw long ciu
I t continue? Bv the stnistic furnished in
! the wri.su* i I 1860, the value of Hie real and
pets"iia! property >! the personal pioperty
of the Unied B'a es bef.rv wa p an ide
. s ■ ui.t ioii had assailed it. was § 1 2.084,660.005
Even remitting that it pos-eSses 'iic same
value to day, yet t lie debt is one third of
trie wuole aim tint. Bo' every one will
acknowledge that an assess-inen' ol the value
it ill. propel ty hti'tigli or "he United Siates
! ew iv iit• i nof s e-w more .hail tw- nurds
• n (■> in' i v.lui'. • Tl.ii w ul J be b mt
88 000 OuO.OUO. 0' Hi s *-UfN ilit* public
l.*ii, in ,i t>- \ in i*i. f ii. will l> • more it,an
mt* ' i.ilt. 1! ill ilie mmi iii ihi* fielh; half 11■$
i..r-e* in 11 fir-tall ; naif fit* -cattle m ihe
pasture*; hail fin Imps in ti.f pens; ha f the
•i i i itseii, eVtf'V n'lu-r .otv, wiil Mau I mgr'-
inml foriiu* i a iiieni a f-.m year*' dreml
!n| * x (M runi-iii in tin* IIV of ilit* >w .rd and
h • MV ii i aiiin ,i . in ifiupi a; a r >t(irarn-n
•I i In 1 LT*n n and *-vnu now,all nvif tte land,
ilie tXi'ii"iiinitj tiie iix tfailierer ar* swarm
nisi i , eiif .rev Hie iivelosute c' tini crushing
and releiv less unu ipape. I' n held bv ihe
eredif'-rs who ii'Veiinii liearis. There will
he mi prace gpe i . fu i q iic\ of fedeinp'ion.
\ i>nl if I-a. > m is the pniicipiil holder; and
• hen c iiii .O's an I Irairl hold the iiilanr-*.
B'l al'o.v uie to make an iippl.ca'ioni of
• h'sdnhr (*• ifint r-a' S i e—a p*ru >.. ut
*• h 'S'- poop u 1 rcpri'seiii on mis tl >r. The
■i-i'SH' I v inil* of all ihe real and personal
prop, n \ ..I ihe people of Indi tta in (800
v.s 8411 042. 42 4 Tnt propo-tmn of Hid
Fi'dei d i -le M inCh Will a t.if'h tilths* stale
•luiie 30 1 fido, wnl In* §285 980 510 It
A |i. In r. I .ie. fie seen that it tnr-e lonnhs
•• even li W iro i TILE CIIIZ us and proper—
i-hoi.lets ..I India ii p*i-asess -.vas put up at
no ' u and sol,| ace irdmg to the appraise
n t of < tie census report, U would hi rely
s tfli *e lo meet tie dent inds wpic t the Fe l
ral G 'Vi riiinent is making lip MI the weal h
aid Indus'l Vof that Slate. lam aware that
ill Hits wili tall idly u ion the ears of lhos
who are prom Hps war ir in ut itives of
lespo i-iit and unhalloued gain; hut I speak
to dty I *r ihe lat'tuer and tin; mechanic—fir
Hie laoorer whose hein is filled will unself
sn pal rim win, and whose hands are u i-iam.
f 1 by fl ii: 1 1-r. L call up mi Mint elm* to
••i r* I ll v e-Mini'e these burl tp'ii*, tor o
tun wary >lm diets i.'.ev are t ie b >rne.
But auani. i will he met here hy the fact
ai t tie p.v 11 n• >i <it ttie principal >.f the
nbl'c debt will l> p >sii) >ned trom one gen -
• iM'ion to aie ther, an I ttiat like ttie peoble
I £ -ji tii'i we will oily tie called .jp .11 (or
h interest Taking even tint ii.iw irtby
view . f lie q:i*ti..n let ii* *ee wtial will bj
<he inevitable atimul demands u,on A ner-*
ican labor m orlerto avoid ope 1 aid ac
knowledged hank rtip'cy. This etimat" [
make u,' mi itie basis of peace, after this War
*'all have close i, ao 1 ttie utilost reduction
•nade consistent with our a'terud condition.
I c a lenze -ci unity into its substantial cor
iic ne-s :
Civil 1 $5.500,(C3
F .reiipi 2 500,000.
lieeri -r, p n-'i.n, In.li.in-, et. 20,000,000
IV ir Deputim n 120.000,i0U
K vv Dip<rtmen 25 OUO.eOO
>1 leculloiieous, .uom; 25.0UU.000
8201,0.10,000
Interest on the public debt 240.1 i 12,73 d
8441,612,755
Every ie >f the abuv items t put uu.cn
lower than cane liy ii will be, but even
at these rates we fin 1 that each year of the
daskeued tuiiire, the Treasury Department
will r eac!i t .rlli the hungry tiaiid of revenue
and se*ze upon ihe Tints of in lutry to the
eX'eut o' tour hundied slid f.rt v-une Millions
s x hundred and twelve thousand, seven
huiidied and eighty lived.dDr*, And lbs
VOL. 3. NO. 36