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BUILDING THE PAN-AMERICAN.
0nanda of Mrm at Work on the
Great Slrnrtarn of tar Eapual
tloa at BaBTalv.
It requires a larye force of men to
Isjnstruct the buildings of a great big
Imposition, lne various workers em-
Ifloved in me consTruuci 01 me ran
American exposition at Buffalo, N. Y.,
Iisd in tne carrying on of the large
kniiness of the exposition compatiy
ire numerous enough to populate a
una 11 city. There are more than 3,000
men engaged in the mechanical and
ether labor upon the buildings of the
exposition and the work upon the
pounds, and the number is steadily
Increasing. They are employed In cre
sting the framework of the buildings,
Bulking the staff and placing it in
position on the exposition structures,
n painting the staff exterior of the
buiMins., in grading and planting, in
dicing canals, nursing shrubbery and
trees, and in the performance of a
thousand and one other details. As
they march out of the grounds
promptly every afternoon nt half-past
four o clocK, tney constitute a for
midable looking army. Besides these.
there are hundreds of other employes
unpaged in the Service building and
In the offices of the exposition in the
plicott Square building, drafting
Kans, and making working drawings,
carrying out the instructions and
eas of the various heads of depnrt-
nts, in providing for the publicity
the exposition and in transauting
e nunaraas or oinerent imngs
I which must be attended to every day
in order that the great enterprise
nsy be carried through to success.
EVERY METAL NEEDS REST.
'aslant lne la "aid by Autlinrillra ta
I.eaaen the lliiruhllllr of
Iron n II il
Iht may sound strangely to henr per
ils talk about a "tired steel ax." or a
latigued iron rail, but that sort of
Hk is heard along railways and in mn-
ne snops unu is considered correal,
rs tne ;vew i ork Herald. " he idea
inanimate metal heconiinir wearv!"
Ay be your thought, but experts fa-
ilisr with the ways of machinerv sav
at work makes it tired and thut it
os rest, as von do.
"What caused the axle to break?"
Iks the railway lunerlntendent.
"fatigue of the metal," answers the
pector.
I That answer is frequent nnd often
l amruauci wnn me lacts. At tunes
t qprle breaks or a rail parts or a wheel
r.sratcs under much less than the
lual strain nnd the most careful exem
ption possible will show no defector
katnrss. This lends enirineera in
large fatigue of the metal with the re
in.
Baewa of steel enn tire as well as
(Its of brawn, and metal that does
its rest' will' cense to do its
In- nd may cause great damage. At
I so me engineers say; nnd assert
without rest the affinity of the
Itculea of the metal for each other
tomes weakened until the breaking
pi il reached. Then comes trouble.
arbers hold the same oninion nnri
I that razors must have a rest or cist
cannot keep an ede-e on them, nnd
by men who shave themselves keep
I or mors razora an n i,, ,-,i.-. ,o-
Ion for recuperation possible.
' PEOPLE LIVE IN LONDON.
Right Population of the City
PrOfSf la Derreaalng; Very
Ilaplillj.
bndon city propi r is losing the little
siariiy it once eninved as a nlace of
pnee. In 1K61 it had a population
B2.00C; to-day it has but
hat number. TIip
se, represent the night population
pecny those who sleen within th..
fsnf the old city. During the same
the day population-those who
nsiness or perform labor in the
has increased. In I860 it was 170.-
in 1891, 31US4. Those who ban
fd acrosx Tinilnt, i 1
uiiugc auuui
0 clock in the morning do not
to he told about the vast stream
lumanity which flows cityward at
uiuir. Hut it a moat i n ,. ,-..,1 i K: .
no fewer than 2,000,000 persons
me cuy during a sinifle period of
hnn. The ascertained number for
was 1,186,C94, and the succeeding
pan must have brought the flimru
o 2,000,000. One canont heln re.
""IT that the tiermanenf nnnnl..
lahould have sunk so low. No won-
I'he numerous and beautiful
F"M are so empty. The city is now
""re man a congestion of ware
f and shops. The change is par-
K'T noticeable in such streets as
street, where John Milton araa
nd the Mermaid tnvrn nne
ad. But those were in the ilivc
I tht green fields wera near and
was a country suburb.
Dl.rv
pe Nome minintr ptmh u
ba.. .i , . r .
t -rf --aavaavi hi 111 1 lillllll'M
"rE. in connection with a sail-
I'crvn DV II rtnnr nnr Hr Imi .,.,,.,...1
Tier named Lindblom and a
8a miner named Hrintenson
lo latter are American citizens,
fw Laplanders employed by the
-"eui with the reindeer herds
, 'arge number of SwedeB also
1 claims at llane Vnm.
' f the T.ana i;, .1,1 jlal.
1'" - inv ii i lajiiia
"rls Lane for JIMIOOO anil (r
iPjifchased from both foreigners
rb! sTera at'eT claims, muk
totl investment of about $li00,-
I Carried and unmarried women
ted States of Colombia,
j8fca, are designated by the
r"nion tney wear nowera in
ie senoraa wearing tnem
lid and arnoritaa on the
""THE SUNDAY SCHOOL. "
Leaaoa In tar latrraatloaal Series fe)g
November -IS, lIMHt loktr
Living;.
Praparad by H. C. I.enlnutoa.1
THE LKSSON TKXT.
(Tttus 2: 1-16.)
1. Rut speak tlmu the things which be
eome suur.d doctrine:
2. That the aged men be sober, grave,
temperate, sound In faith, In charity, la
patience.
3. The need women likewise, that they be
In belwvlour us becomatb. holiness, not
false accusers, not Riven to much wine,
laachan of good things.
4. That they may teach the young worn
un to be seller, to love their husbands, to
love their children.
5. To be discreet, chaste, keepers at home.
food, obedient to their own husbands, that
the word Of God be not blasphemed.
6. Young men likewise exhort to be so
ber minded.
7. In all things showing thyself a pattern
of gomi works: in doctrine shewing un
corruptness, gravity, sincerity,
,S. Sound speech, that cannot bo con
demnad; that he that Is of the contrary
part may be ashamed, having no avll thing
lo say of you.
9. Exhort servants lo be obedient unto
their own masters, and to please them
well In all things: not answering again:
10. Not purloining, but shewing all good
llty; thai they may adorn the doctrine
ol Qod our Saviour in all tilings.
11. For the grace of Qod that hrlngeth
alvatloa hath appeared to all men.
Ii. Teaching us that, denying ungodliness
and world! lusts, we should live soln i ly.
righteously, and godly, In this present
world :
13, Looking for that bll ised hope, and the
glorious appearing of the gnat ;ou and
our Saviour Jesus Christ;
H. Who gave Himself for us, that He
niiht redeem us from ail Iniquity, and
purify unto Himself a peculiar people, zeal
ous oi good works.
15. These things speak, and exhort, and
rebuke with ail authority, Let no man de
spise thee.
GOLDEN TEXT. We Should live so
berly, rlghteoos, aad godly, in iliia
reseat ori,i. th.
NOTES AND COMMENTS,
This date has been set aside as the
world's temperance Sunday, the Scrip-
ture paaaage selected by the interna
tional committee to he studied empha
sises the lesson of sobriety in every
phase of life. In our day the greatest
intemperance is thai relating to the
use of intoxicating liquors.
Virtues of a Sober Life. It has been
noted that In the ftrat 11 verse at
tention is called lo 19 virtues. (I)
"He sober." or, according to the re
vised version, temperate referring es
pecially to the use of wine. (2)
"Grave:" Conducting oneself with
due propriety of demeanor. (3) "Tem
perate:" This is rendered "sober
minded" in the revision, and calls for
a perfect control over the impulses,
(i) ".Sound in faitht" We must not
only have faith, but the right kind
of faith; such makes life healthful
and wholesome, (5) Sound also "in
charity," and (ii) "in patience:" Here
We have throe great essentials to any
Christian character faith, love und
pntience. (7) "In behavior as be
eonieth holiness:" The revised ver
sion says "re- 'rent !p 'Vneanor." llev
erence is one of the virtues much
lacking in our modern life, or at least
one we could cultivate to good ad
vantage more assiduously. (8) "Not
false accusers:" Or, not slanderers.
Aiding in the circulation of unfound
ed rumors, or unkindly gossip, is not
becoming to a Christian. (D) "Not
given to much wine:" The revised ver
sion again gives us the key when it
says "enslaved" to much wine, (liv
ing oneself over to Immoderate drink
ing means the losing of one's Inde
pendence. (10) "Teachers of good
things:" If we have learned the right
way of living, it is only right to try
to persuade others to ndopt it, too.
(11) Love of home is the virtue incul
cated in verses 4 anil 5, and love of
home is a distinctly Christian trait.
(12) "Be Bober-minded:" This to
young men who are ant to live bv im
pulse, and trust to :i'e and experience
to Imbue a frame of mind that should
early be cultivated OJ' all means with
in reach. (13) "Showing thyself u
pattern of pood works:" Try to be
what you want Others to be. The best
preaching is honest practice, (ii) "In
doctrine showing Incorruptnesa and
sincerity:" Doctrine means teaching.
(15) ".Sound speech:" The mutter
nnd manner of speech count for much.
(18) "Obedient unto their own mas
ters, and to please them well:" Thin
to servants, and this includes em
ployes and others who for part of the
time at least are not wholly their own
masters. Note tnat the apostle places
importance on being "well pleasing.'
(17) "Not purloining:" That is avoid'
ing dishonest practices of any kind
(18) "Showing all good fidelity:".
Faithfulness in every relation of life
is a virtue that should be perfected, I
"Adorn the uoetrine:" "The beauty'
of holiness" is not always apparent in
Christians, but should be made to ap
pear in all. The doctrine should be
commended by the beauty of thu life.
Incentives to Sober Living. One rea
son for living as the apostle exhorts
all to is "the grace of (lod." It is a
loving l'rovidencc who looks after the
welfare and interest of His children.
To live in accordance with the divine
plan ought to be our highest ambi
tion. Another incentive is thnt the
time is coining when, nt "the glorious
appearing of the Great God," we shall
hear Bis commendation: "Well done,
good nnd faithful servant." A third
incentive is that Christ died that we
Diight be redeemed from sin.
Spear I'olnta.
There are no dead saints.
The better days will come only as
you do your best to-day.
The more intensive your faith the
more extensive your influence.
The church without a prayer meet
ing is a body without a heart.
If you give no place to the devil you
will not go to the devil's place.
While we are close to Christ we
never find any weight in his yoke.
The Christian who knows God, will
praise Bim every day of his life,
whether he feels like it or not Barn's
Horn.
5 " .
THE LOVELIEST WOMAN.
Margaret 1'nllrr Would Havr Ex-chang-rd
Her Intrllrrl for F.rull)
Marahall'a llraut).
Margaret Fuller once expressed the
willingness to exchange her tine intel
lect and all her accomplishments for
the beauty and attractiveness of Fm
ily Marshall (who had been her
schoolmate), writes Wlitiam l'crrine
of "The Loveliest Woman in All
America." In the Ladies' Home Jour
nal, "Miss Marshall stood before us a
reversion to that faultless type of
structure which artists have imagined
in the paM and to that d :il loveliness
of disposition which poets have fancied
in the golden age," w si the verdict of a
Iloston gallant, one of the fair beauty's
neighbors, recorded in after life, w hen
his judgment wag unprejudiced. Such
was the homage which the people ot
Boston wxiuld sometimes bestow upon
Miss Marshall that one night when
Daniel Webster, then beginning his
larger in the United States senate, vis
ited the Federal Street theater the ap
plause which the audience showered
upon him was not greater than the
cheers with which it welcomed the
divine Emily. In New York she caused
itch a sensation that one morning ten
gentlemen at one time were seen In her
escort, ami Co left their cards for her.
When she wi tit to such summer resorts
s Saratoga the crowds at the hotel
would form lane through which she
might pass as they waited to view her
going to anil from her coach, and it is s
Philadelphia tradition that when she
visited that city one of the schools wn
closed earlier than the usual hour to I
fi-nr the young ir'rls s chance to nr
the famous belle. Indeed, women
looked upon her with an admiration
which they seldom accord to beauties
AUTHOR MADE A HIT.
He Finally Brought iiu Novel to
n Close in advance of hin
Flrnl Purpoae,
One of the mast popular novels of
the day had a strain- history which
might have been considered fatal to
its Success had it bei n considered In
advance. A New York author whose
books are always BUre f a ci rtain de
gree of popularity finished all but the
last few chap crs of a novel. Try ns
he might, it was impossible for him
lo complete the story satisfactorily.
So he put the book aw: y and for two
years it lay unfinished on his desk, al
though the author thought of the
work from time to time without be
ing able to get nny nearer the solu-
lion of the plot, says the New York
Sun.
Finally he lost all hope of ever com
pleting the work nnd decided to end
it at a point several chapters in ad
vance of that at which he had ceased
to write. With this abrupt and unex
pected ending the novel went to a pub
iisber, was accepted and turned out
one of the most popular novels this
author has ever written. One of the
most praised features of the book is
its unconventional end ng, which is
said to be just explicit i nough to sat
isfy everybody without going into ar
tistic detail. And the iilthor was at
one time so discouraged about the end
ing of the hook that he had almost
given up the Idea of submitting it to
any publisher.
JUDCE AND HIS DOG.
An Knitli'li Jgvist l,ove for Ani
mal a II rlo us Mini Into
Ridlonle.
It is learned from the English papi rs
that Baron Urarapton, longer and more
familiarly Known as Sir Henry Hawk
ins, or us "Old 'Arry 'Awkins" as the
good people of London called him at
times has just Celebrated his eighty
third birthday. There is probably
none of Queen Victoria's judges, either
on t he active or on the reti red list, w ho
knows so much of the seamy side of
life as does Boron Brampton, He is
the. hero of more stories than have
been told of any other occupant of the
judicial bench, living or dead. 1 1 is con- j
ttant companion, and most devoted
friend, a singularly restless and clever
little terrier, figures in many of these.
For instance, once when the nervous
little animal was dragging his vener
able master violently along by itl
leash, a member of the criminal classes,
who knew both master and dog very ,
Well, indeed, called out loudly: "Why,,
Hill, don't go it so 'nrd, the old 'tin isn't,
blind!" Lord Brampton's excessive
love for animals on another occasion
prompted him to interpose when a
learned counsel had been talking about
"evidence to hang a dog" and to ask
what would be sufficient evidence for
that purpose. "That, m' lud," replied
the lawyer, with significance, "would
depend very much on whom the dog
belonged toj"
Cat Fnnil of lee.
A tobacconist in South Fourth street
is the owner of a one-eyed tom-cat,
which is an Ice fiend. The cat's name is
Jerubbaal. He sits on his owner's
doorstep every morning and waits for
the ice man, and when the latter puts!
the customary cake of ice on the pave
meat, preparatory to opening the door,
the cat eagerly runs to pick up the lit
tle pieces which are generally chipped
off. The cat holes the ice in his
mouth until it dissolves. On occa-
along the cat mews until his owner
gets the pick and l.renks off some
pieces for him. Summer or winter,
Jerubbaal must have his ice.
Armor for .Soldiers.
On the threshold of the twentieth
century the Hritish war ofhee has re
sorted to armor for the protection of
its soldiers. Orders have been given
for the purchase of a number of small
steel shields to cover the vital parts
about the heart. Th shields weigh
about seven pounds and in tests have
turned bullets at 700 yards.
CHINESE CIVIL SERVICE.
Poalilnna In i lie ( aitiimi Service Ara
Attractive aad Are i:.
aerlf Sought.
There is no fixed limit to the length
of time which a Chinese customs as
sistant may spend at a port, says
II. ('. Whittlesey, in Atlantic. The
average period is about three years.
The chances then are that a man In
a southern port will be ordered north,
or that one on the Ynngtse will be
sent south. Promotion to the next
higher grade often accompanies
transfer, and there is also the change
of climate and the opportunity to see
and learn more of the land, its cus
toms and people. In the north the
foreigner has an excellent chance to
; collect a variety of curios consisting
of old coins, pieces of porcelain, an
tique hroner, ami choice bits of em
broidery, while on the Yangtse nnd
In the south he can suit a critical
taste in selecting silk piece goods, sil
ver and gold nrticlos of native work
manship, and wood and ivory carvings
At the end of seven years a member
of the indoor staff completes his first
period, us il is called, and is en
titled to go home for a two years' hol-
luay, ana niso to receive one years
full pay as a gratuity. I'pon his g
ing back to China for fun her service
the customs pay one half of the cost
of his return fare. He then serves
five years "more, when he completes
his second peroid, nnd enn again go
home on two years' leave and re
Ceiva n second gratuity and so on for
as long as health and inclination may
permit. , . . '1 he conditions of sn en
gugemenl In the customs are consid
ered usually attractive on account of
the generous salary, security of posi
tion, and prospect of sure advance
ment. Resignations rarely occur, nnd
there are always more applicants
than there are vacancies.
CHINESE WOMEN SERVANTS.
Thrj Are of Finn inn It Km i In r mi ll I
AmiinK the Japanese Few
In Anierlen.
We are accustomed to think only of
Chinamen as servants, because it is al
most unknown for a Chinese woman
to go out to service i n this count ry . sayi
the New York Commercial Advertiser.
This is not the case, however, in Japan,
some of the most flicient servants of
tl it country being from China. A mer
chant from this conn t ry, w ho has been
doing business in Tokio for several
years, returned home recently, bring
! ing w him two Chinese women us
nurses for his young children. He says
i it la customer in Japan to place the
I very young children in charge of Chi
nese nurses, and when they are older
to employ Japanese women. The rea
son given ' because the Chinese wom
en are so faithful in the care of bubies.
A Chinese Buret hang Her hend
1 with shame if the baby cries. She
thinks it is all her fault. She hovers
over her charge with anxious care, and
makes a great fuss if it appears that
anyone is going to behave imprudently
With the child. The stalwart father of
the babies referred to used to go into
the nursery and toss the little ones
high in the air. But the nurse never
failed to remonstrate nervously: "You
will kill t ht iii iii their insides," she said.
The Chinese nurse expects to take en
tire charge of the child, preparing
everything that it eats nnd washing its
clothes. The nurse who came to this
country with the American babies
brought pebbles all the way from
Japan with which she cleaned the in
fant's bottle. Chinese servants are re
garded in Japan as much more reliable
than Japanese.
THE CANDIDATE'S RETORT.
Au Electioneering Incident in F.nii
laad w lien the Candidal
v un ihead.
The duke of Leeds recently cele
brated his thirty-ninth birthday at
Hornby castle, near Bedale, where he
generally lives with the duchesg and
his four little daughters when he is
not on board the Corisande enjoying
his favorite recreation of yachting,
The prospect from Hornby castle is a
magnificent one, overlooking, as it
does, one of the most beautiful of the
Yorkshire dales. The park is of great
extent and the timber exceptionally
fine, the greatest care having been be
stowed on every individual tree.
The present duke is a nephew of Lord
Sydney, (lodolphin Osborne, the-famon
correspondent (under his initials, R.
G. 0.) of the Times of a former genera
tion, and fathe r of the young priest of
the Orntory, whose premature death
a year or two ago was so widely regret
ted. His grace himself has always
looked younger than his years and the
happy retort is not forgotten which
he once made on the hustings when a
parliamentary candidate to a voter
who called out to the boyish-lokln
speaker: "Does your mother know
you're out?" "Yes, she docs." prompt
ly rejoined Lord Carmarthen, as he was
then, "nnd on Monday evening she'll
know I'm in!" And so she did.
lllanmrck on Diploma?.
Men who think they are statesmen
and diplomats by nature might, at any
rate, consider the words of Bismarck:
"Diplomacy," he says, "Is no shoemak
er's, stool, on which one esn ait, stretch
a knee strap and put a patch on n hole;
diplomacy is not a craft which can be
learned by years and developed by rote
on a roller; diplomacy is sn art."
A Celebrated King.
Once, after exposing the ridiculous
blunders of the editor of certain old
plays, James Russell Lowell concluded
with the remark: "In paint of fact, we
must apply to this gentleman the name
of the first king of Sparta." No one
remembered, of course, what this was,
but when they looked it up they found
it was Eudamidaa.
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