rH FULTON COUNTY NEWS. McCONNELLSBURG, PA.
PRESIDENT'S RED CROSS
APPEAL TO THE PEOPLE
Send Forth to the Whole
Greeting lor
mas
Which it Stands in
Washington. Dec. 8. President Wll
on, in a proclamation mode public to
day, call on, every American to Join
the American Red Cross during Christ
mas Roll Call Week, December 1C to
II, "and thus send forth to the wbole
auman family the Christmas greeting
tor which It awaits and for which It
alands In greatest need." The proo
lamation, prepared be.'ore the l'resi
cent departed lor Europe, follows:
To the AmerUan People:
One year bko 22.(HiO,X'0, Ameri
cans, by enrolling as members of
the Red Cross at Christmas tinia,
sent to the men who were righting
our battles overseas a stimulating
message oX cheer and good will.
They made It clear that our people
were of their own free choice unit
ed with their Government in the
determination not only to wage
war with the instruments of de
struction but also by every means
la their power to repay the rav
ages of the lnvnder and sustain
And renew the spirit of the army
and of the homes which they rep
resented. The friends of the
American Red Cross in Italy, Bel
glum and France have told, and
will tell again, the story of how
the Red Cross workers restored
morale In the hospitals. In the
camps and at the cantonments,
and we ought to be very proud
that we have been permitted to
be of sen-ice to those whose suf
ferings and whone glory are the
heritage of humanity.
Now, by God's grace, the Red
Cross Christmaa message of 1918
la to be a message of peace as
LIFE SENTENCE FOR THEFT.
Third Conviction For Prisoner Results
In Heavy Penalty In W. Va.
Huntington. W. Va. When he was
entenced to life Imprisonment for the
theft of one automobile tire and one
inner tube Robert Bayles fainted In
Judge T. N. Taylor's court. This sen
tence was the only recourse of the
trial Judge, as It was the third con
viction for the prisoner, and the law
ct West Virginia provide a lite sen
tence for the third offense. Bayles'
previous sentences were for three and
ten years, respectively. He was pa
roled both times and was on parole
when last arretted. He is about 40
years old.
WILSON LAUDS SCHWAB.
President Is Reluctant To Part With
Emergency Fleet Director.
Washington. The resignation of
Charles M. Schwab as director general
Of the Emergency Fleet Corporation
was accepted by President Wilson in
a wireless message from the transport
George Washington to the White
House. The President said:
I accept your, resignation only be
cause you wish it and because 1 feel
1 must do so in fairness to you. You
have been exceedingly generous in
giving your services and they have
been Invaluable."
CHILE CONSIDERS U. S. OFFER.
Likely To Accept Mediation In Dis
pute With Peru.
Santiago, Chile. The Council of
Ministers has under consideration the
offer ef the United States of media
tion In the question of the provinces of
Tacna and Arica, In dispute with Peru.
The ministers will confer Sunday on
this subject with the Committee or
Foreign Affairs of the Senate and
Chamber of Deputlea. Opinions in the
Congress appears to be divided as to
the procedure to be employed, but all
agreed that a definite solution should
be speedily reached.
NEW FIELD FOR WOMEN.
Eight Hundred Are Building Flying
Boats At League Island.
Washington. More than 800 women
are building flying boats at the League
Island Navy Yard, where they are
working side by side with men in ev
ry department. These women have
gone through the training school,
where they learned to handle drill
presses, splice wires, solder pontoons
and construct hulls and wing floats.
The women work 49 hours a week, the
came as the men.
SCORES RED FLAG.
Crimson Banner Protest Against AM
Law And Order.
New York. "When the red flag Is
carried upon our streets it is a pro
test against law and therefore a men
ace to our free institutions," declared
President John Grier Hlbben of Prince
ton University In an address before
the Association of Life Insurance Pres
idents. Dr. Hibben was emphasizing
the obligations of liberty which, he
aid, the sons of America had estab
lished anew.
ALLIED RULERS COMING.
Pelncare, Kings George, Albert And
Emmanuel Are Expected.
New York. The United States will
nave as Its guests In the near future
President Polncare of France, King
George of England, King Albert of Bel
glum, King Victor Emmanuel of Italy
J' ld the head of any other nations
x . 'sldent Wilson may visit during his
i o Europe, Stephaive Lauzanne,
-f the Matin, declared Just be-
J1 Ued for France.
fJ k , . .
Human Family the Chfist
Which it Waits and for
Greatest Need."
well as a message of good wilL
But peace does not mean that we
can fold our hands. It means fur
ther sacrifice. We must prove
conclusively to an attentive world
that America is permanently
aioused to the needs of the new
era, our old Indifference gone for
ever. The exact nature of the future
service of the Red Cross will de
pend upon the program of the as
sociated government), but there la
immediate need today for every
heartening word und for every
helplul (service. We iiiubI not for
get that our soldiers and our sail
ors are still under orders and still
have duties to perform of the high
est consequence and that the Red
Cross Christmas means a great
deal to them. The people ol the
saddened lands, moreover re
turning home today where there
are no homes, must have the
assurance that the hearts of
our people are with them In
the dark and doubtful days ahead.
Let us. so far as we can, help
them back to faith In mercy and
In future happiness.
As president of the Red Crow,
conscious in this great hour of the
value of such a message from the
American people, I bhould be glad
If every American would join the
Red Cross for 1919, and thus send
forth to the whole human family
the Christmas greeting for which
It waits and for which It stands in
greatest need.
Wooiikow Wilson.
THE COUNTRY AT LARGE.
A message from King George, ex
pressing the hope that Britons and
Americans may be as united in peace
as Ihey were in war was read at New
York's celebration of Britain's Day.
J. Paul Stevens, general manaeer of
j the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway, is
critically 111 at Covington, Ky., of pneu
monia, following an attack of Influ
enza. Rev. Dr. Maltland Alexander, of the
First Presbyterian Church of Pitts
burgh, has been made religious di
rector of the American Army of Oc
cupation. Columbia University chemists have
perfected a process for keeping fish
and meats Indefinitely and then re
storing them to their original fresh
ness. Clarence H. Mackay declared the
proposal "to pool the telegraph, tele
phone and cable facilities of the coun
try is a genuine menace.
The National War Labor Board has
refused to withdraw Its examiner from
i the shops of the Bethleham Steel Com
pany.
TO EXTEND LONG DISTANCE.
Connections Offered To Local Lines
By Burleson.
Washington. Extension of ong-
distance telephone service to all local
lines where practicable Is planned by
Postmaster General Burleson. Com
panies without long-distance connec
tions were invited to make.applications
in writing.
- ALMOST TO THE RHINE.
Several Of American Units Are Within
25 Miles Of The River.
Americans in Rhenish Prussia.
Four front-line divisions of the Amer
ican Army of Occupation are racing
toward the Rhine. Several of the
American advanced guard units were
reported to be within 25 miles of the
river.
PETROGRAD DESERTED.
Half The Population Driven Out By
Starvation And Terrorism.
Washington. Petrograd Is like a
deserted city, with probably one-half
of its population gone through starva
tion and terrorism, according to Swed
ish press reports forwarded to the
State Department. No details were
made public.
HUNS LEFT INFERNAL MACHINES.
Attempt Marie To Blow Up Brussels
Palace Of Justice.
Paris. The Germans had laid plans
to blow up the Palace of Justice in
Brussels, according to a dispatch to
the Soir from Brussels. In the cellar
of ti.e palace four Infernal machines,
placed there by the Germans, have
been found close to some gunpowder
and ammunition.
BANS ALL SUGAR BOWLS.
Manager Of Child' Restaurants 8ays
They Are Not Sanitary.
Philadelphia. Chllds' restaurants
are among the few eating places In
this city where the sugar bowl has not
made Its reappearance. J. A. Holmes,
manager of Chllds' restaurant at 1208
Chestnut street, explained it had been
decided not to return to the free bowl
practice for sanitary reasons.
4,500 TONS CANDY FOR ARMY.
595,000 Gallons Pickles Also Ordered
For Expeditionary Force.
Washington. Nine million pounds
of candy l'or the army has Just been
ordered by the War Department, and
it was announced that a considerable
part of It would be rushed overseas
in time to lnsuie a plentiful supply
for Christmas. Other special purchases
for the expeditionary force include
56-7000 gallons of pickles.
10
Peace Congress Opens First
Week in January.
TO MAKE GERMANY PAY
Lloyd George, Balfour, Law rnd
Barnes To Represent Great Britain
In Negotiations Another Dele
gate Yet To Be Selected.
London. Great Britain will damand
of Germany 8,000,000,000 pounds ster
ling for Great Britain and her domin
ions as reparation for the war, accord
ing to the Dally Mail.
This, the Daily Mall adds, Is what
the war cost Great Britain and her
dominions, and British taxpayers will
be relieved of 400,000,000 pounds per
annum by the German payment.
The British claim, says the Daily
Mail, has been prepared by a commit
tee undr Mr. Hughes, the Australian
Premier, and Baron Cunliffe, former
governor of the Bank of England, who
Is one of the principal members of the
committee.
The Dally Mail says the French
claim for reparation will be Infinitely
larger than that of Great Britain.
Congress Opens New Year Week.
Paris. President WilBon will be In
formed by wireless of the plans for
the assembling of the inter-Allied con
ference and the meeting of the peace
congress. He will also be advised con
cerning the recent gathering of the
Supreme War Council at London. In
Ihe meantime, reports that the Pres
ident has approved of anything done
at the supreme council are premature.
The Dlans concerning the peace
meetings are the results of Colonel
Edward M. House's long talk wltn
Premier Clemenceau, following a con
ference with .Baron Sonnino, the
Italian foreign, minister, and the Earl
of Derby, the British ambassador to
France.
The Inter-Allied conference will re
assemble on December 16 or 17. The
meetings will be at the foreign offices
In the Ouai d'Orsay and not at Ver
sailles. David Lloyd George, the Brit
ish premier, and A. J. Balfour, the
foreicn minhter. expect to come here
at that time to meet President Wilson
and attend the conference, but the
elections in Great Britain may not
permit them to remain more than two
or three days.
To Waste No Time.
The opening of the peace congress
Is set for the first week In January.
It was the desire of the Americans
to begin at the earliest possible mo
ment Other delegations felt that a
later date would be necessary, owing
to the Christmas holidays and the offi
cial functions connected with the pres
ence of President Wilson and King
Victor Emmanuel of Italy, but the first
week In January finally was chosen.
The first meetings will be for the
actual framing of the preliminaries
of peace with the representatives of
the enemy powers, who win De pres
ent.
The names of the French delegates
to the Deace congress have not as yet
been announced, but it is understood
they will be three members of the
government and possibly a fourth
member.
The British delegates will be
Premier Lloyd George, Foreign Min
ister Balfour, Chancellor of the Ex
chequer Andrew Bonar Law, George
Nicoll Barnes, labor members of the
war cabinet, and a fifth delegate not
yet selected.
It is anticipated that the peace de
liberations will last about four months,
and, unless unforseen obstacles arise,
that final action will be reached to
ward the early part of May.
WAR CLOUD PASSING BY.
Chile And Peru Approaching A Peace
ful Settlement
Buenos Aires. The controversy be
tween Chile and Peru is approaching
a peaceful solution, La Naclon say
It is Informed by a confidential but
reliable source as a result of the ef
forts of the State Department and the
Uruguyan Foreign Office. The two
foreign offices are said to have been
In constant communication since Tues
day. The newspaper's Informant says
that the two governments propose a
partial plebiscite, and that the Chilean
and Peruvian foreign offices are
friendly disposed toward the proposal
which contemplates restoration of 8
Pacific port to Bolivia.
1,056,550 ARMENIANS SLAIN.
Turkish Statistics Show 1,396,350 De
ported. Salonikl. M. Khanzadian, an Ar
menian leader and former officer of
high rank In the Turkish Navy, on his
arrival here declared that German and
Turkish statistics which he saw In
Constantinople In 1916 showed that
1,396,350 Armonlans had been deport
ed and that or thatnumfberl,056,550 had
been massacred. Thanking the Greek
Government for its sympathy with the
cause of the Armenians, he said the
Greeks and Armenians should combine
their efforts against Turkish oppres
sion. FLYERS TO CROSS COUNTRY.
Five Army Aviators On Way To At
lantic Seaboard.
Washington. 'Authority was grant
ed by the War Department to Major
Albert D. Smith, commanding a squad
ron of five army airplanes, which left
San Diego, Cal., Wednesday for El
Paso, Texas, to continue the trip . to
the Atanttc seaboard If possible. If
the trans-continental flight is made it
, will be the first by a military aircraft
(orinatlon.
BIN
DEMAND
40.000.000.000
OF WAR IS
10LDBYMI
Detailed Report of How U. S.Men
Won Battles.
CRISIS CAME ON MARCH 21
Says American Operations Previous to
That Date Were Only a Part of
Their Training Pays -Supreme
Tribute to Army.
Washington, Dec. 5. Gen. John J.
Persldng's account of his stewardship
as commander of the American expe
ditionary forces was given to the pub
lic Wednesday by Secretary Buker.
It Is In the form of a preliminary re
port to the secretary, covering opera
tions up to November 20, after the
German collapse. It closes with these
words from the lender of the great
army In France, expressing his feeling
for those who served under him :
"I pay the supreme tribute to our
ollieers und soldiers of tire line. When
I think of their heroism, their patience
under hardships, their unflinching spir
it of offensive action, I am filled with
emotion which I ntn unable to express.
Their deeds are Immortal and they
have earned the eternal gratitude of
our country."
The report begins with General
Pershing's departure for Frnnce to
pave the way for the army that was to
smash German resistance on the
Meuse and give vital aid to the allies
In forcing Germany to Its knees 19
months luter. ;
Crisis on March 21.
General Pershing views the encoun
ters before Mnrch 21 of this year, In
which American troops participated as
a part of their training, and dismisses
them briefly. On that date, however,
the great German offensive was
launched and a crucial situation quick
ly developed In the allied lines which
called for prompt use of the four
American divisions that were at the
time "equal to any demands of battle
action."
"The crisis which this offensive de
reloped was such," General Pershing
says, "that on March 28 I plnced at
the disposal of Marshal Foch, who had
oeen agreed upon as commander In
thief of the allied armies, all of our
forces. At his request the First divi
sion was transferred from the Tout
sector to a position in reserve at Chau
aiont en Vexln.
"As Germnn superiority in numbers
required prompt action, an agreement
ans reached at the Abbeville confer
ence of the allied premiers and com
manders and myself on May 2 by
which British shipping was to trans
port 'ten American divisions to the
British army area, where they were to
be trained nnd equipped, and addltlon
il British shipping was to be provided
for as many divisions ns possible for
ase elsewhere.
Men Eager for Test.
"On April 20 the First division had
!;one Into the line In the Montdldier
salient, on the Plcnrdy battle front.
Tactics had been suddenly revolution
ized to those of open warfare, and our
men, confident of the results of their
training, were eager for the test. On
the morning of May 28 this division
ittncked the commanding German po
sition In Its front, tnklng with splendid
Jash the town of Cantigny nnd all
Kther objectives, which were orgnnlzed
jnd held steadfastly against vicious
rounter-attacks and galling artillery
fire.
"Although local, this brilliant nctlon
had an electrical effect, ns It demon
strated our fighting qualities under
extreme battle conditions nnd also that
the enemy's troops were not altogether
Invincible."
Hold Foe at Chateau Thierry.
There followed Immediately the Ger
man thrust across the Alsne river to
ward Paris. He continues:
"The Third division, which had Just
come from Its preliminary training In
the trenches, was hurried to the
Mnrne. Its motorized machine-gun
battalion preceded the other units and
successfully held the bridgehead at
the Mnrne, opposite Chateau Thierry.
"The Second division, In reserve
nenr Montdldier, was sent by motor
trucks nnd other available transport
to check the progress of the enemy
toward Paris. The division attacked
and retook the town and railroad sta
tion at Bouresches and sturdily held
Its ground against the enemy's best
guard divisions.
"In the battle of Belleau wood, which
followed, our men proved their su
periority and gained a strong tactical
position, with far greater loss to the
enemy than to ourselves. On July 1,
before the Second was relieved, It cap
tured the village of Vaux with splen
did precision.
Stand Between Paris and Foe.
"Meanwhile our Second corps, under
Maj. Gen. George W. Rend, had been
organized for the command of our
divisions with the British, which were
held back in training areas or as
signed to second-line defenses. Five of
the ten divisions were withdrawn from
the British area In June, three to re
lieve divisions In Lorraine and the
Vosges and two were sent to the Paris
area to Join the group of American
divisions which stood between the city
and any further advance of the enemy
in that direction."
By that time the great tide of Amer
ican troop movements to France was
in full swing and the older divisions
could be used freely. The Forty-sec-
SECRETARY OF WAR'S REPORT
8ays Question of Permanent Reorgan
ization of Army Has Been
Deferred.
Washington, Dec. 5. The question
of permanent organization of the army
has been deferred for consideration
after the close of the peace confer
ence. Secretary Baker, In his annual
report says this course Is determined
upon since "the military needs of the
Cuitsd State cannot b prudently as-
STORY
ond, In line east of Reims, faced the
German assault of July 15 and "held
their ground unflinchingly;" on the
right flank four companies of the
Twenty-eighth division faced "ad
vancing waves' of Germnn Infantry,"
and the Third division held the Maine
line, opposite Chateau Thierry, against
powerful artillery nnd Infantry attack.
, Single Regiment Checks Enemy.
"A single regiment of the Third
wrote one of the most brilliant pages
In our military annals on this occa
sion," Genernl Pershing says. "It pre
vented the crossing at certain points
on Its front while, on either flank,
the Germans who had gained a foot
ing pressed forward. Our men, firing
In three directions, met tho Germnn
attacks with counter-attacks at criti
cal points and succeeded In throwing
two German divisions Into complete
confusion, capturing 000 prisoners."
Thus was tho stage set for the
counter-offensive which, beginning
with the smashing of the enemy's
Mnrne salient, brought overwhelming
victory to the allies nnd the United
States In the eventful months that
have followed. The Intimation Is
strong that Genernl Perslilng's advice
helped Marshal Foch to reach his de
cision to strike.
Counter-Offensive Opens.
General Pershing continues:
"The great force of the German
Chateau Thierry offensive established
the deep Mnrne salient, hut the enemy
wns taking chances, and the vulnera
bility of this pocket to attack might
be turned to his disadvantage.
"Seizing this opportunity to support
my conviction, every division with any
sort of training wns made available
for use In a counter-offensive. The
place of honor In the thrust toward
Solssons on July 18 wns given to our
First and Second divisions In com
pany with chosen French divisions.
"Without the usual brief warning of
a preliminary bombardment, the
massed French nnd American artillery,
firing by the mnp, laid down Its rolling
barrage at dawn while the Infantry be
gan Its charge. The tactical handling
of our troops under these trying condi
tions wns excellent throughout the ac
tion. "The enemy brought up large num
bers of reserves and mnde a stubborn
defense both with machine guns and
artillery, hut through five days' fight
ing the First division continued to ad
vance until It had gained the heights
above Solssons nnd captured tho vil
lage of Berzy-le-Sec.
"The Second division took Beau Re
palre farm nnd Vlerzy in n very rapid
vance and reached a position In
front of Tlgny at the end of Its second
day. These two divisions captured 7,.
000 prisoners nnd over 100 pieces of
artillery."
First American Army Formed.
The report describes In some detail
the work of completing the reduction
of the salient, mentioning the opera
tions of the . Twenty-sixth, Third,
Fourth, Forty-second, Thirty-second,
and Twenty-eighth divisions. With
the situation on the Marne front thus
relieved, Genernl Pershing writes, he
could turn to the organization 'of the
First American army nnd the reduction
of the St. Mlhlel salient, long planned
as the Initial purely American enter
prise. A troop concentration, aided by gen
erous contributions of artillery and air
units by the French, began, Involving
tho movement, mostly at night, of
600,000 men.
A sector renchlng from Port sur
Sellle, east of tho Moselle, eastward
through St. Mlhlel to Verdun nnd later
enlarged to carry It to the edge of tho
forest of Argonne wns taken over, the
Second Colonial French, holding the
tip of the salient opposite St. Mlhlel.
nnd the French Seventeenth corps, on
the heights above Verdun, being trans
ferred to General Pershing's command
Tho combined French, British, and
American air forces mobilized for the
buttle, the report says, was the largest
nvlntion nssembly ever engaged on the
western front up to that time In a sin
gle operation.
Battle of St. Mihlel.
Of the reduction of the St. Mlhlel
salient General Pershing says:
"After four hours' nrtlllery prepa
ration the seven American divisions
In the front line advanced at 5 a. m.
on September 12, assisted by n limit
ed number of tanks mnnned partly by
Americans nnd partly by the French.
"These divisions, nccompanled by
groups of wire-cutters nnd others
armed with bnngnlore torpedoes, went
through the successive bnnds of
bnrbed wire that protected the ene
my's front line nnd support trenches
In Irresistible waves on schedule time,
breaking down all defense of an en
emy demoralized by the grent volume
of our artillery fire nnd our sudden
npproach out of the fog.
"Our First corps advanced to Thlnu
court, while our Fourth corps curved
back to the southwest through Non
sard. The Second Colonial French
corps mnde the slight advance re
quired of It on very difficult ground,
and the Fifth corps took Its three
ridges nnd repulsed n counter-attack.
"A rapid mnrch brought reserve reg
iments of a division of the Fifth corps
Into Vigneulles In the enrly morning,
where It linked up with patrols of our
Fourth corps, closing the salient and
forming a new line west of Thlaucourt
to Vigneulles and beyond Fresnes-en-Woevre.
16,000 Prisoners Taken.
"At a cost of only 7,000 casualties,
mostly light, we had taken 16,000 pris
oners nnd 443 guns, a great quantity
of material, released the Inhabitants
of many vlllnges from enemy domina
tion and established our lines In a po
sition to threaten Metz.
"This signal success of the Ameri
can First army In Its first offensive
was of prime Importance. The allies
sessed until that conference shall have
determined . the future International
relations of the world."
For temporary purposes, however,
Mr. Baker announces that he will lay
before congress a plan of reorganiza
tion for the regular army, "which shall
continue as the nucleus of any future
military establishment."
The secretary also Indicates his In
tention to press for perpetuation by
law of the atrong general staff organi
zation built up during the great
world'! wax,
found they had a formidable army to
aid them, nnd the enemy learned final
ly that he had one to reckon with."
The report shows for the firs! time
officially that with this brilliantly exe
cuted coup, General Pershing's men
had cleared the way for the great ef
fort of the allies nnd American forces
to win a conclusive victory. The
American army moved at once toward
Its crowning achievement, the battle
of the Meuse. "
The general tells a dramatic story
of this mighty battle In three distinct
phases, beginning on the night of
September 27, when Amerlcnns quick
ly took the places of the French on
the thinly held line of this long, quiet
sector. The attack opened on Septem
ber 20, and the Americans dtove
through entanglements, acroas No
Man's Land, to take all the emiuy'i
first-line positions.
Battle of the Meuie.
Closing the chapter, General Per
shing says:
"On November 6 a division of the
First corps reiftiied a point on the
Meuse opposite Sedan, 2.1 miles from
our lines f departure. The strategi
cal goul which was our highest hope
was gnined. We hud cut the enemy's
main line of communications, and
nothing could save his army from
complete disaster. .
"In all forty enemy divisions had
been used against us In the Meuse
Argonne battle. Between September
20 and November 0 we took 20,0.'9
prisoners nnd 408 guns on this front.
"Our divisions enguged were the
First. Second, Third, Fourth. Fifth,
Twenty-sixth, Twenty-eighth, Twenty
ninth, Thirty-second, Thirty-third,
Thirty-fifth, Thirty-seventh, Seventy
eighth, Seventy-ninth, Eightieth,
Eighty-second, Eighty-ninth, Ninetieth
and Ninety-first.
"Many of our divisions remained In
line for a length of time that re
quired nerves of 3teel, while others
were sent In again after only a few
days of rest. The First, Fifth, Twenty-sixth,
Forty-second, Seventy-seventh,
Eightieth, Eighty-ninth and
Ninetieth were In the line twice.
Although . some of the divisions
were fighting their first battle, they
soon became equnl to the best.
Other Corps Active.
The commander In chief does not
lose sight of the divisions operating
with French or British armies during
this time.
He tells of the work of the Second
corps, comprising the Twenty-seventh
nnd Thirtieth divisions, In the British
assault on the Hlndenburg line where
the St. Quentln canal passes through
a tunnel ; of how the Second nnd Thirty-sixth
divisions got their chance In
October by being nsslgned to aid the
French In the drive from Reims, nnd
of the splendid fighting of the Thirty
seventh and Ninety-first divisions, sent
to-Join the French army In Belgium.
Of the total strength of the expedi
tionary force, General Pershing re
ports :
"There are In Europe altogether, In
cluding n regiment nnd some sanitary
units with the Italian army and the
orgnnlzntlons at Murmansk, also In
cluding these en route from the States,
approximately 2,053,347 men, less our
losses."
"Of this total there are In France
1,338,109 combatant troops."
Problem of Equipment
Of their equipment he says:
"Our entry Into the war found us
with few of the auxiliaries necessary
for Its conduct In the modern sense.
Among our most importunt deficiencies
In material were artillery, aviation
nnd tanks.
"In order to meet our requirements
ns rapidly as possible, we accepted the
offer of the French government to pro
vide us with the necessary artillery
equipment of 75s, one 5i-mllllmeter
howitzer nnd one 55 G. P. F. gun from
their own factories for 30 divisions.
"The wisdom of this course Is fully
demonstrated by the fact that, al
though we soon began the manufac
ture of these classes of guns at home,
there were no guns of the cnllher(
mentioned manufactured In America
on our front at the date the armistice
was signed. The only guns of these
types produced at home thus fur re
ceived In France are 109 75-milllmeter
guns.
First U. S. Planet in May.
"In aviation we were In the same
situation, and here again the French
government came to our aid until our
own aviation program should be under
way. We obtained from the French
the necessary planes for training our
personnel, nnd they hnve provided us
with a total of 2,070 pursuit, observa
tion, and bombing planes.
"The first ulrplnnes received from
home arrived In May, and together
we have received 1,379. The first
American squadron completely
equipped by American production, In
cluding nirplanes, crossed the German
lines on August 7, 1918.
"As to tanks, we were compelled
to rely upon the French. Here,
however, we were less fortunate, for
the reason that the French produc
tion could barely meet the require
ments of their own armies.
"It should be fully realized that the
French government has always taken
a most lihefal attitude and has been
most anxious to give us every possi
ble assistance In meeting our deficien
cies In these as well as In other
respects. Our dependencies upon
France for artillery, aviation and
tanks was, of course, due to the fact
that our Industries had not been ex
clusively devoted to military produc
tion. - "All credit Is due onr own manu
facturers for their efforts to meet our
own requirements, as nt the time the
armistice was signed we were able to
look forward to the early supply of
practically all our necessities from
our own factories." .
BARUCH TO QUIT WAR BOARD
President Accepts Resignation Effec
tive January 1 Organization to
Be Abolished.
Washington, Dec. 6. President Wil
son hns accepted the resignation ol
Bernard M. Barucb as chairman of
the war Industries board,' effective
January 1, and hns agreed that tlw
war Industries board cease to exist as
a government agency oa Uutt date, .
SOCIAL RANK IN GERMANY
Richard Lleber Describes Condition!
of Life That Existed Under Auto
cratlo and Military Rule.
"The grent jr.njorlty of Immigrants
belong to tho poorer classes," said i
Richard Lleher In a speech In Indian- .
a polls, according to the Germnn De
mocracy Bulletin. "Hut no mutter
how poor or well-to-do, they belong In
a circumscribed class out of which
they cannot move except In extraordi
nary circumstances. Whu has Ameri.
ca done for them? If It had not dona
another thing than to remove this
dumnable harrier it would be entitled
to our undying thanks and devotion,
Here we 'meet on a common plane; in
Germany we were assigned to a defi
nite spot In their medieval layer caku
and there wc stuy, our children und
grandchildren.
"You remember, of course, that In
Germany the youngest lieutenant Is
eligible to court attendance, whercus
In civil service the rank has to bu
very high to bo 'most graciously com
manded.' That circumstance gave rise
to the striking expression attributed
to a shavetail of n Potsdam guard of
ficer: 'In civilian life, human beings
only begin with the rank of private
counselor.'
"How many of us under tho classl.
flcatlon would hnve a light to consid
er ourselves human beings at all?
"It may be said that this Is merely
a joke, but I know whereof I apeak,
for my father was on olllcer of tho
government and the army and although
he had practically only three men be
tween himself und the emperor, I do
remember how that high-minded and
liberal man ached under the restric
tions of class und rank. I for one got
enough of it In time, and although 1
huve many pleasant und even tender
memories of the old country, they are
strictly disconnected from any toler
ance of the absolute and medieval
claptrap of royalty nnd Its adulators.
"To those few, however, who even
now fall In unqualified loyalty to our
country, and who still live in their
thought In Uermnuy, to those few 1
say:
""You ore not wanted over there
and you are not needed here. You
wnnt to be a citizen of two countries,
and you are u citizen nowhere. Ger
many sneers at you for your academic
sympathies and the United Stntes
holds you In contempt for your pitiful
attempt to be true to two political
wives.'
"Walter Damrnsch and I, about ten
years ago, had discussed America and
Germany; when speaking of the many
beautiful things abroad, he suddenly
sighed and exclaimed:
" 'But with nil, should I want to be
the same Walter Damrosch in Germany
that I am In America, I would at least
have to be Landgrave of Thurlnglu or
archduke of Luxemburg.' "
Lincoln Accorded High Rank.
Although preceded und followed In
the presidential office by men who had
received long and thorough college
and university training, which he
lucked, there Is, nevertheless, not one
of them the equal of Abraham Lin
coln, In clarity, brevity and felicity of
expression. "His simple, luminous
sentences," says one of our iiutlonnJ
writers, "are models that cannot be
Improved upon." Tot-ay Lincoln's po
sition as u master of the English
tongue In Its strength nnd simplicity
Is unquestioned. Tho French Acad
emy, Emerson, Lowell, Everett, Beech
er, Ingersoll are united on that point.
"No man of hW century," suys the au
thor of his Letters and Addresses,
"could stute n proposition with more
exactness and compactness. Ills clnr
lty of expression, the consistent build
ing up of his arguments, his brilliant
ly apt comparisons, his Illuminating
wit, his merciless pursuit of llloglc In
his opponents were phenomenal."
The Gettysburg address was ranked
by Emerson ns the peer of any of the
utterances of man.
Censor's Postscript.
William B. Towsley of Chicago re
ceived a letter from his son In France
and upon this letter hangs a story. My
ron H. Towsley, twenty-three years
old, went over with the One Hundred
nnd Forty-ninth Uiflted States field
nrtlllery and Is now a corporal.
In his letter ho described the sen
sation of getting n baptism of shell
fire. He admitted he wns scared, that
knees, stomach nnd nerves went on a
strike. To considerable length he de
scribed the symptoms of fear he frank
ly admitted he felt. But down nt the
bottom of the letter the censor, n lieu
tenant, wrote:
"Your son writes that he was fright
ened.' Nevertheless, ho volunteered to
go out Into 'No Man's Lund' under
shell fire, and bring, back a wounded
captain."
Mean Feeling.
A colored unit was moving up to
tnko Its place in the line of battle. It
wns early morning, and daylight had
net yet began to break.
"Hey, sergeant," came a voice from
over In the brush to the left, "when
we nil goin' to find them Bodies?"
"Never you mind, child; you all
gonna find plenty of them things 'fore
long."
"Well, I sho hope so, sergeant,"
came the voice. "If I don't get rid of
dls mean feelln' 'fore long I'se gwlne
to carve up on the mess sergeant,
cho-" The Stars and Stripes.
Heroism.
Heroism Is always the same, how
ever the fashion of a hero's clothes
may alter. Every hero In history Is
as near to a man as his neighbor, nnd
if we should tell the simple truth of
some of our neighbors, It would sound
like poetry. George W. Curtis.
Times of Life's Deep Emotions.
At certnln periods of life we live
years of emotion In a few weeks and
look back on those times as on grent
gaps between the old life and the new,
Thnckeny.
Quite So.
"Washington at Valley Forge pre
sents a heroic figure."
"You net. Quite different from a
kaiser In a cellar." Louisville Coup
ler-JournaJ. , .