THE FULTON COUNTY NEWS. McCONNELLSBURO, PA.
CHRONOLOGY OF
WAR FOR LIBERTY
Battles That Have Marked the
. Greatest Struggle in the
World's History.
DEMOCRACY'S TRIUMPH
COMPLETE AND FINAL
Four Years of Bitter Warfare Before
the Defeat of Autocratic Attempt to
Rule the World Could Be Assured
Progress of the Titanic Contest
Practically as It Went On From Day
to Day.
Trotn June 28, 1914, when the assas
sination of Archduke Ferdinand of
Austrlu, and his wife, tit Sarajevo,
Bosnia, gave Emperor Wllllum of Ger-
many his excuse for beginning war
hlch he believed would result In his
mining practical control of the world
through military diminution, the main
rents of the struggle are told In the
following chronicle:
1914
Juno 28 Archduke Ferdinand nnd
rife assassinated In Sarajevo, Bosnia.
July 28 AuHtrlu-lIuiiKury dcclurcs
War on Serbia.
Aug. 1 Germany declares war cm
Russia and general mobilization Is tin
ier way In France and Austrla-llun-try.
Aug. 2 (Jennan troops enter France
ftt Clrey; Itusslun troops enter Ger
Bany at Schwldden; German army en
ters Luxemburg over protest und Ger
many asks Belgium for free passage
Of her troops.
Aug. 3 British fleet mobilizes; Ilel
Kluni appeals to Great Britain for dip
lomatic aid and German ambassador
tjults Pnrls.
Aug. 4 France declares war on Ger
many; Germany declares war on Bcl
fluin; Great Britain sends Itelglum
teutrallty ultimatum to Germany;
fcritish army mobilizes and state of
war between Grent Britain and Ger
many Is declared. President Wilson
issues neutrality proclamation.
Aug. 5 Germans begin fighting on
IVirlmi frontier; Germany asks for
Italy's help.
Aug. 0 Austria declares war on Uns
afe. Aug. 7 Germans defeated by French
t Altklrch.
Aug. 8 Germans capture I.lege.
Portugal announces It will support
Ureat Brltuln; Itritlsh land troops in
Ftance.
Aug. 10 France deciurca war on
Austria-Hungary.
Aug. 12 Great Britain declares war
n Austria-Hungary ; Montenegro de
lta res war on Germuny.
Aug. l.'i Japan sends ultimatum to
Qermnny to withdraw from Japanese
nd Chinese waters and evacuate Kino
ehow; Itussin offers autonomy to Po
land. Aug. 20 German army enters Brus
sels. Aug. 2.1 Japan declares war on Ger
many; Russia victorious In battles In
Xaat Prussia.
Aug. 23 Japanese warships bom
bard Tslngtao.
Aug. 25 Japan and 'Austrlu break
off diplomatic relations.
Aug. 28 English win naval battle
wwr German fleet near Helgoland.
Ang. 20 Germans defeat Russians
t Allensteln; occupy Amiens; ad
vance to 1m Fere, CTi miles from Paris.
Sept 1 Germnns cross Marne;
fcomhs dropped on Paris; Turkish urmy
tnohillzcs; Zeppelins drop .bombs on
Antwerp.
Sept. 2 Government of France
S ixfcrr.-d to Bordeaux ; Russians cap
e "Lemherg.
1 Sept. 4 Germans cross the Marne.
, Sept. 5 England, France and Rus
da sign pact to make no separate
prcee.
"Sept. (5 French win battle of
llnrne ; British cruiser Pathfinder
wnnk In North heu by n German sub
Biarlne. Sept. 7. Germans retreut from the
Murne.
Sept. 14 Battle of Alsne starts;
Cermun retreat halted.
Sept. in First battle of Solssons
fought.
Sept. 20 Russians capture Ju
rolsau and begin siege of Przemysl.
Cfcrt. 0-l(( Germans capture Ant
werp. Oct. 12 German take Ghent.
Oct. 20 Fighting ulotig Yscr river
begins.
Oct. 2!i Turkey begins war on Rus
sia. Nov. 7 Tslngtao fulls before Jnp
atnesn troops.
Nov. 9 Germun cruiser Emdcn de
stroyed. Dec. 11 German advance on War
saw checked.
Dec. 11 Belgrade recaptured by
Serbians.
iJee. 10 German cruisers boinburd
Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby,
on Kngllsh coast, killing M or more
persons; Austriuns said to have lost
upward of 100,(100 men In S;rblan de
feat Dec. 25 Italy occupies Avlona, Alba
nia. 1915.
Jan. 1 British battleship Formida
ble sunk.
Jan. 8 Roumnnia mobilizes 750,iXi0
men; violent fighting In the Argonne.
HONORS THRUST UPON THEM
"Inside Story" of How Two Signaling
Officers Came to Be Awarded Dis
tinguished Conduct Medals.
Soldiers tell many oncer stories
bout the milliner In which inedals are
won, all agreeing that many deserved
wards are never iniiile, simply be
cause the heroic action wus not ob
Mrved by the ofllcer In charge.
A captain once Id a signaling but-
telle iti follow I iitf story ;
Jan. It Germans cross the Rawka
,'t0 miles from Wursaw.
Jan. 24 British win naval battle In
North sea.
Jan. 20 Russlun army Invades Hun
gary ; German efforts to cross Alsne re
pulsed.
Feb. 1 British repel ctrong German
attack near La BasNee.
Feb. 2 Turks ure defeated In nt'
tack on Suez canal.
Feb. 4 Russians capture Tarnow
In Gnllcla.
Feb. 8 Turks along Suez canal In
full rstrent; Turkish laud defenses at
the Dardanelles shelled hy British tor
pedo boats.
Feb. 11 Germans evacuate Lodz.
Feb. 12 Germans drive Russians
from positions In Eust Prussia, taking
20,000 prisoners.
Feb. 14 Russians report capture of
formications at Smolnlk.
Feb. 10 Germans capture Plock
and Blelsk in Poland ; French capture
two miles of German trenches In Cham
pagne district.
Feb. 17 Germans report they have
token 50,000 Russian prisoners In Mu
zurluu hike district.
Feb. 18 German blockade of English
and French coasts put Into effect.
Feb. 10-20 British and French fleets
bombard Dardanelles forts.
Feb. 21 American steamer Evelyn
sunk by mine In North sea.
Feb. 22 German wns olllce announ
ces capture of 100,000 Russian prison
ers In engiigemeyts In Ma.urlan hike
region; American steamer Carib sunk
by mine In North seu.
Feb. 28 Dardanelles entrance forts
capitulate to Kngllsh und French.
March 4 Landing of allied troops on
both sides of Dardanelles straits re
ported; German U-4 sunk by French
destroyers.
March 10 Battle of Neuve Cbapelle
begins.
March 14 German cruiser Dresden
sunk In Paclllc by Kngllsh.
March 18 British battleslifps Irre
sistible and Ocean and French battle
ship Bouvet sunk In Dardanelles strait.
March 22 Fort of Przemysl sur
renders to Russians.
March 2.' Allies land troops on Gal
llpoll peninsula.
March 1't Russians victorious over
Austriuns In Carpathians.
April 8 German auxiliary cruiser,
Prlns Kltel Frledrlch, Interned at New
port News, Va.
April 10 Italy has 1.200.000 men
mobilized under arms; Austriuns re
port complete defeat of Russians In
Carpathian campaign.
April 2.'1 German force way across
ypres canal and take 1,000 prisoners.
April 2." Allies stop German drive
on Ypres line In Belgium.
April 2!t British report regaining of
two-thirds of lost ground In Ypres bat
tle. May 7 Liner Lusitanln torpedoed
and sunk by German submarine off
the coast of Ireland with the loss of
moro than 1,000 lives, 102 Americans.
May ! French advance two and
one-half miles against German forces
north of Arras, taking 2,MM) prisoners.
May 2.'! Italy declares war on Aus
tria.
Juii 'A Germans recapture Przem
ysl with Austrian help.
June 18 British suffer defeat north
of La Bnssee Canal.
June 28 Italians enter Austrian ter
ritory south of Rlvn on western shore
of I.iue Garda.
July 3 Tolmlno falls Into Italian
hands.
July 0 British make galas north of
Ypres nnd French retake trenches In
the Vosges. .
July 1.1 Germans defeated In the
Argonne.
July 20 Warsaw evacuated ; Lull-
lin captured by Anstrlans.
Aurf. 4: Germans occupy Warsaw.
Aug. II Austriuns nnd Germnns
concentrate 400,000 soldiers on Ser
bian frontier.
Aug. 21 Italy declares war on Tur
key.
Sept. 1 Ambassador Rernstorff an
nounces Germans will sink no more
liners without warning.
Sept. 4 German submarine torpe
does liner Hesperian.
Sept. 0 Germans make air raid on
London, killing 20 persons and
wounding 1(H) others; United States
asks Austria to recall Ambassador
fnimhn.
Sept. 20 Germans begin drive on
Serbia to open route to Turkey,
Sept. 22 Russian army, retreating
from Vllna, escapes encircling move
ment. Sept. 2."-n0 Battle of Champagne,
resulting In great advance for allied
armies and causing Kaiser Willielm to
rush (. the west front; German
eountei-at tacks repulsed.
Oct. 5 Russia and Bulkiirla sever
diplomatic relations; Russlun. French.
British. Italian and Serbian diplomat
ic representatives ask for passports in
Sofia.
Oct. 10 General Mackensen's forces
take Belgrade.
Oct. 12 Kdllh Cuvell executed by
Germans.
Oct. l.'l Bulgaria declares war on
Serbia.
Oct. l.r Groat Britain declares war
on Bulgaria.
Oct. 1(1 France declares war on Bul
garia. Oct. 10 Russia and Italy declare
wer on Rnlgnr'n.
Oct. ;:7 Oeii'ians Join Bulgarians In
northeastern Serbia nnd open way
to Coiistentliioplp,
Oct. .'!" German defeated at Mltau.
Nov. 0 Italian liner Aricouu torpe
doed. Dec, 1 British retreat from near
Bagdad.
Dec. 4 I'ord "peace party" sails for
Eiiri ie.
Dec. 8-0 Allies defeated In Mace
donia. Dee. J,") Sir John Douglas Ilalg sue-
A certain British colonel, by dint of
hard work and patience, had built up
what was In Keyed to be the most ef
ficient signaling company nt the front.
Time after time general hcadUurters
would semi a memorandum requesting
the colonel to name an elllclent olllcer
or 1111111, and within a few days the
person mentioned would be trans
ferred to some other company. At
length the colonel received a note ask
ing him to please "submit the mimes
of your two. most edlclent signalers."
The compiiiiy hud just tuken purt
cecds Sir John French as chief of
English armies on west front
1916
Jan. 8 British troops at Kut-el
Amaru surrounded.
Jan. 0 British evacuate Galllpoll
peninsula
Jan. VA Austriuns capturo Cetlnje,
capital of Montenegro,
Jan. 2.1 Scutari, capital of Albaiilti,
captured by Austriuns.
Feb. 22 Crown prince's army begins
attack on Verdun.
.March 8 Germany declares war on
Portugal,
March 15 Austrla-IIungury declares
war on Portugal
March 24 Steamer Sussex torpedo d
and sunk.
April 18 President Wilson sends
note to Germany,
April 10 President Wilson speuks to
congress, explaining diplomatic sltuu
tlon.
April 24 Insurrection In Dublin.
April 20 British troops ut Kut-el-
Amnru surrender to Turks.
April 30 Irish revolution sup
pressed. Muy 3 Irish leaders of Insurrection
executed.
May 4 Germany makes promise to
change methods of submarine warfare.
May 11 Austriuns begin great offen
sive ugalnst Italians In Trentlno.
May .11 Great naval buttle oil Dan
ish coast.
June 5 Lord Kitchener lost with
cruiser Hampshire.
June 11 Russlnns capture Diibno.
June 20 Sir Roger Casement sen
tenced to be hanged for treason.
July 1 Itrl'lsh and French begin
gnut offensive on the Somme.
July 0 David Lloyd George appoint
ed secretary of war.
July 0 German met chant submarine
Deutschland arrives at Baltimore.
July 2.1 General Kuroputkln's army
wins battle near Riga.
July 27 Kngllsh take Delvllle wood;
Serbian forces begin uttuck on Bui-
gars in Macedonia.
Aug. 2 French take Fleury.
Aug. .1 Sir Roger Casement execut
ed for treason.
Aug. 4 French recapture Thlau
mout for fourth time; British repulse
TiV'Wsh attack on Suez canal.
Aug. 7 Italians on Isonzo front cap
t'.re Monte Sabotlno and Monte San
M cbele.
A'ug 8 iiirks force Russian evacu
ation 01' Bitlis und Mush.
Aug. 0 Italians cross Isonzo river
und occupy Austrian city of Goerltz.
Aug. 10 Anstrlans evacuate Slanls-
lau; allies take Dolran, near Kalonlki,
from Bulgarians.
Aug. 10 German submarines sink
British light cruisers Nottingham and
Falmouth.
Aug. 24 French occupy Maurepas,
north of the Somme; Russians recap
ture Mush In Armenia.
Aug. 27 Italy declares war on Ger
many; Roumunlu enters wur on side
of allies.
Aug. 20. Field Marshal von Hlndcn-
Imrg made chief of staff of German
armies, succeeding Gen. von Fulken-
luiyn.
Aug. 30 Russian armies seize nil
five passes In Carpathians Into Hun
gary. Sept. 3 Allies renew offensive north
of Somme; Bulgarian nnd German
troops Invade Dobrudja, In Roumiinla.
Sept. 7 Germans und Bulgarians
cai it ure Roumanian fortress of Tutru-
kan ; Roumanians take Orsova, Bul
garian city.
Sept. 10 German-Bulgarian army
captures Roumanian fortress of Sill
trla. Sept. 14 British for first time use
tanks."
Sept. 15 Italians begin new offen
sive on Carso.
Oct. 2 Roumanian army of Inva
sion In Bulgaria defeated by Germnns
and Bulgarians under Von Mackeusen.
Oct. 4 German submarines sink
French cruiser Gallia nnd Cunard liner
Franconla.
Oct. 8 German submarines sink six
merchant steamships off Nantucket,
Muss.
Oct. 11 Greek seneoast forts dis
mantled and turned over to allies on
demand of England and France.
Oct. 23. German-Bulgar armies cap
ture Const11t1y.il, Rouiniuib.
, 1917
Jan. 1 Submarine sinks British
transport Ivernln.
Jan. 0 Russian premier, TrepofT, re
signs. Golitzln succeeds him.
Jan. 31 Germany announces unre
stricted submarine warfure.
Feb. .1 President Wilson reviews
submarine controversy before con
gress; United States severs diplomatic
relations with Germany; American
steamer Ilousutonlc sunk without
winning.
Feb. 7 Senate Indorses president's
act of breaking off diplomatic rela
tion. Feb. 12 United States refuses Ger
man request to discuss matters of dif
ference unless Germany withdraws un
restricted submarine warfare order.
Feb. II Von Beinstorlt sails for
Germany.
Feb. 25 British under General
Maude capture Kut-el-Ainara ; subma
rine sinks liner Laconla without warn
ing; many lost, Including two Ameri
cans Feb. 20 President Wilson asks con
gress for authority to arm American
liierchantshlps.
Feb. 28. Secretary Lansing makes
public Zlmmermann note to Mexico,
proposing Mexlcan-Jiipanese-Geriuan
alliance.
March 0 President Wilson calls ex
tra session of congress for April 10.
March 11 British under General
Maude capture Bagdad; revolution
starts In Petrograd.
In a particularly dllTlcult operation,
and the colonel felt Justifiably angry
at the Idea of losing Ids two best ob
servers with the prospect of more hard
work abend. He and the adjutant talked
tlie matter over, and they chuckled at
the result. ..There had recently Joined
the company two worthless young fel
lows, who shirked every duly they pos
sibly could. These were the "elllclent"
men the colonel mentioned. .
"Thut'll put tin end to their requi
sitions," he clmrf.lcd. The sequel came
a few days luter when a notification
March 15 Czar Nicholas of Russia
abdicates.
March 17 French and British cap
ture Bapuumo.
Murch 18 Now French ministry
formed by Alexander Rlhot.
March 21 Russian forces cross
Perslua border Into Turkish territory;
American oil steamer Heuldton torpe
doed without warning,
March 22 United States recognizes
new government of Russia,
March 27 General Murray's British
expedition Into the Holy Land defeats
Turkish army near Gaza.
April 2 President Wilson nsks con
gross to declare that nets of Germany
constitute a state of war; submarine
sinks American steamer Aztec without
warning
April 4 United States senate passes
resolution declaring a stute of war ex
ists with Germuny,
April 0 House passes wur resolution
and President Wilson signs Joint reso
lution of congress.
April 8 Austria declares severance
of diplomatic relations with United
States.
April 0 British defeat Germans at
Vluiy Ridge und take 0,000 prisoners;
United States seizes 14 Austrlun In
terned ships.
Oct. 24 French win back Donna
niont, Tliliiiimont field work, IIuudro
mont quarries, nnd Chillettc wood near
Verdun, in smash of two miles,
Nov. 1 Italians, in new offensive on
the Carso plateau, capture 0,000 Aus
triuns. Nov. 2 Germans evacuate Fort
Vnnx nt Verdun.
Nov, fi Germans and Austrlnns pro
claim new kingdom of Poland of ter
ritory captured from Russia.
Nov. 0 Submarllne sinks British
passenger steamer Arabia.
Nov. 7 Cardinal Mercler protests
against German dcportutlon of Bel
gians; submarine sinks American
steamer Columbian.
Nov. 8 Russian army Invades
Transylvania, Hungary.
Nov. ft Austro-German nrmles de-
feat Russians In Volhynln and take
4,000 prisoners.
Nov. 13 British launch new offen
sive In Somme region on both sides of
Ancre.
Nov. 14 British capture fortified vil
lage of Bcaucourt, near the Ancre.
Nov. 19 Serbian, French and Rus
sian troops recapture Monastlr; Ger
mans cross Transylvania Alps nnd en
ter western Koumnnln.
Nov. 21 British hospital ship Brit
annic sunk hy mine In Aegean sen.
Nov. 23 Roumanian nrmy retrents
00 miles from Bucharest.
Nov. 24 German-Bulgarian nrmles
take Orsovn nnd Turnu-Severln from
Roumanians.
Nov. 2.1 Greek provisional govern
ment declares wnr on Germany und
Bulgaria.
Nov. 28 Roumanian government
abandons Bucharest and moves capital
to Jassy.
Dec. fi Premier Herbert Asqulth of
England resigns.
Dec. 7 David Lloyd George accepts
British premiership.
Dec. 8 Gen. von Muckensen cap
tures big Roumanian nrmy In Prohovn
valley.
Dec. 12 Chancellor von Bethmunn-
Hollweg announces In relchstng that
Germony will propose peace; new call
Inet In France under Arlstlde Brland
ns premier, nnd Gen. Robert Georges
Nlvelle given chief of command of
French army.
Dec. 15 French nt Verdun win two
miles of front nnd rupture 11,000.
Dec. 10 Lloyd George declines Ger-
iiuin pence proposals.
Dee. 23 Baron Burlan succeeded ns
minister of foreign affairs In Austria
by Counf Czernln.
Dec. 2(1 Germuny proposes to Presi
dent Wilson "an Immediate meeting of
delegates of the belligerents."
Dec. 27 Russians defeated In five-
day battle In eustern Wulluchlu, Rou
munlu. April 20 Turkey severs diplomatic
relations with the U. S.
April 28 Congress passes selective
service art for raising of army of 500,
(HiO; Guatemala severs diplomatic re
lations with Germany.
May 7 War department orders rais
ing of nine volunteer regiments of en
gineers to go to France.
May 14 Espionage act becomes luw
by passing senate. ,
May 18 President Wilson signs se
lective service act. Also directs ex
peditionary force of regulars under
General Pershing to go to France.
May 1!) Congress passes war Appro
priation hill of $.1,(KK),(NMI,(NH).
June 5 Nearly 10,000,000 men In
U. S. register for military service.
Tune 12 King Coiistuntlnc of Greece
abdicates.
June 13 General Pershing and staff
arrive In Paris.
June 15 First Liberty loan closes
with large oversubscription.
June 2(r-M''lrst contingent American
troops under General Slbert arrives In
France.
June 20 Greece severs diplomatic
relations with Teutonic allies.
Tuly 0 President Wilson drafts
sttiic militia into federal service. Also
places food und find under federal con
trol. ' July 13 Wur department order
drafts (178,000 men into military ser
vice. July 1 1 Aircraft appropriation bill
of ?OIO,lHHI,IKK) passes house; Chancel
lor von Bethinaiin-IIollweg's resigna
tion forced by German political crisis.
July 1S United States government
orders censorship of telegrams and
cablegrams crossing frontiers.
July 10 New German Chancellor
Mlchaells declares Germany will not
war for conquest; radicals and Catho
lic party ask peace without forced ac
quisitions of territory.
came from headquarters that the men
mentioned had, hy special recommen
dation of their commanding olllcer,
been awarded the Distinguished Con
duct medal!
October Was Eighth Month.
October, during which the sun en
ters Scorpio, the eighth sign of the
zodiac, mid which derives Its name
from the Latin word "octo," meaning
"eight," was once the eighth month
of tlie Roman year, which began with
March. Then Nunia udded Junuury
July 22 Slam declares war on Ger
many.
July 23 rremter Kerensky given on
limited powers In Russia.
July 28 United States war Indus
tries board created to supervise ex
penditures.
Aug. 25 Italian Second army breaks
through Austrian line on Isonzo front,
Aug. 28 President Wilson rejects
Pope Benedict's peace pleu.
Sept. 10 General Kornlloff demands
control of Russian government.
Sept. 11 Russian deputies vote to
support Kerensky. Kornllolt's gener
als ordeied urrested.
Sept. 10 Russia proclaims new re
public by order of Premier Kerensky
Kept. 20 General Hultf advance mile
through German lines nt Ypres.
Sent. 21 Gen. Tnsker II. Bliss
named chief of stuff U. S. army.
Oct. 1(1 Germans occupy Islands oi
Riino und Adro In the Gulf of Riga.
Oct. 25 French under General Pe
taln advance and take 12,000 prison
ers on Alsne front.
Oct. 27 Formal announcement made
that American troops In France had
fired their first shots In the war.
Oct. 20 Italian Isonzo front col
lapses and Austro-German nrmy
reaches outposts of Udlne.
Nov. 1 Secretary Lnnslng makes
public the Luxburg "spurlos versenkt'
note.
Nov. 0 Permanent Interallied mill
tary commission created.
Nov. 24 Navy department nn
nounces capture of first German sub
marine by American destroyer. '
Nov. 28 Bolshevlkl get nbsolute
control of Russlun assembly In Russlun
elections.
Dec. 0 Submarine sinks the Jacob
Jones, first regular warship of Amer
ican navy destroyed.
Dec. 7 Congress declares war on
Austria-Hungary.
Dec. 8 Jerusalem surrender to
Gen. Allenhy's forces.
1918
Jan. 5 President Wilson delivers
speech to congress giving "14 points"
necessary to pence.
Jan 20 British monitors win sen
tight with cruisers Goeheti and Bres
leu. sinking latter.
Jan. 2S Russia nnd Koumnnln sever
diplomatic relations.
Feb. 2 United States troops take
over their first sector, near Toul.
Feb. 0 United States troopship Tus-
cania sunk by submarine, 12(1 lost.
Feb. 11 President Wilson In address
to congress gives four additional peace
principles, Including self-determination
of nations; bolshevlkl declare war
with Germany over, but refuse to sign
peace treaty. '
Feb. 13 Bolo Pasha sentenced to
death In France for treason.
Feb. 25 Germans take Reval. Rus
sian naval base, and Pskov; Chancel
lor von Hertllng agrees "In principle"
with President Wilson's peace princi
ples. In address to relchstag.
March 1 Americans repulse Ger
man ottack nn Toul sector.
March 2 Treaty of peace with Ger
many signed by bolshevlkl at Brest
Llfovsk. ,
March 4 Germany and Ronmanla
sign armistice on German terms.
March 13 German troops occupy
Odessa.
March 14 AH Russian congress of
Soviets ratifies peace treaty.
March 21 German spring offensive
storts on 50-mlle front.
March '? Germans toke 10.000 Brit
ish prisoners and 2(H) guns.
March 23 German drive gains nine
miles. "Mvstery gun shells Paris.
March 24 Germans reach the
Somme, gaining 15 miles. American
engineers rushed to aid British.
March 25 Germans take Bapaume.
March 27 Germans take Albert.
March 28 British counter-attack
and gain; French take three towns;
Germans advance toward Amiens.
March 20 "Mystery gun" kills 75
hurchgoers In Purls on Good Friday.
April 4 Germans start second
phase of their spring drive on the
Somme.
April 10 Germans take 10,000 Brit
ish prisoners in Flanders.
Afiril 10 Germans capture Messines
ridge, near Ypres; Bolo Pasha exe-
llteil.
April 23 British and French navies
bottle up" Zeebru.i'ge.
April 20 Germans capture Mount
Kemmel, taking 0,500 prisoners.
May 5 Austria starts drive on
Italy.
May 10 British navy bottles up Os
tein!.
May 21 British ship Moldavia,
carrying American troops ;torpedoed;
5(1 lost.
May 27 Germans begin third phase
of drive on west front ; gain live miles.
Maj 28-Germans take 15,000 pris
oners In drive.
May 20 Germans take Solssons and
menace Reims. American troops cap
ture Ci ntlgny.
Muy 3d Germans reach the Marne,
5.1 miles from Paris.
May 31 Germans take 45,000 prlsmi
rs In drive.
June 1 Germnns advance nine
miles ; are 40 miles from Paris.
Jiintr 3 Five German submarines
attack U. S. coast nnd sink 11 ships.
June 5 IT. S. marines light on the
Marne near Chateau Thierry.
June 0 Germans start fourth
phase of their drive by advancing to
ward Noyon.
June 10 Germans gain two miles.
U. S. marines capture south end of Bel
leaii wood.
June 12 French and Americans
start counter-attack.
June 15 Anstrlans begin another
lii vt on Italy and take 10,(HK) prison-
rs.
June 17 Italians check Anstrlans on
Plave river.
June 10 Anstrlans cross the Plave.
and February to the calendar, and Oc
tober became the tenth month, but the
mime has always stuck. Once It was
changed to fiermaulcus, In honor of a
Roman general, Germaulcus Caesar,
who defeated the Germans In three
cauipiiigns, but Hint liame didn't prove
popular, and went Into the discard, ac
cording to an exchange. It Is said the
selection of a deadly Insect to repre
sent October was because the killing
frosts of October are as filial to sum
mer's flowers us the sting of the scor
pion is to living creatures.
June 22 Italians defeat Austrlnns
on tho Plave.
June 23 Austrlans begin great ro
treat across tho Plave.
July 18 General Foch launches ob
lifd offensive, with French, American,
British, Italian and Belgian troops.
July 21 Americans nnd French cap
ture Chateau Thierry.
July 80 German crown prince
flees from the Mil mo and withdraws
army.
Atif. 2 Solssons recaptured by Foch.
Aug. 4 Americans take Flsines.
Aug. 5 American troops landed
at ArchangeL
Aut,. 7 Americans cross the Vesle,
Aug. W Bapaume recaptured.
Auc. 28 French recross the Somme,
Sept. 1 Foch retakes Pennine.
Sept. 12 Americans launch success
ful attack In St. Mlhlcl salient.
Sept. 28 Allies win on 250 mile line,
from North Sea to Verdun.
Sept. 20 Allies cross lllndenburg
line.
Sept. 30 Bulgaria surrenders, after
sucr essful allied campaign In Balkans.
Oct. 1 French take St. Qucntln.
Oof. 4 Austria asks Hollund to
niedlote with nllles for peace.
Oct. B Germans start abandonment
ut Lille and burn Dounl.
OM. 0 Germany asks President
Wilson for armistice.
Oct. 7 Americans capture hills
( round Argonne.
Oct. 8 President Wilson refuses
firmMlce.
Oct. 0 Allies capture Cumbral.
Oct. 10 Allies capture Le Cut call.
Oct. 11 American transport Otranto
torpedoed and sunk ; 500 lost.
Oct. 13 Foch's troops take Luon
and La Fere.
Oct. 14 British and Belgians take
Holders; President Wilson demuinU
Hirr''iier by Germany.
Oct. 15 British and Belgians cross
Lys ilvrr, take 12,000 prisoners and
100 pins.
Oct. 10 Allies enter Lille outsklrM.
Oct. 17 Allies capture Lille, Bnwen,
eebiupgc, Ostend and Douul.
Oct. 18 Czechoslovaks Issue d"c
!:ir:itou of Independence; Czechs r"hel
and seize Prague, capital of BoIicmiIii ;
French take Thlelt.
Oct. 10 President Wilson ref i'e
Auslr'nr. pence plen nnd snys Cz"'ho
Slovr., state must be considered.
Oct. 21 Allies cross tho Olsf nnd
threaten Valenciennes.
Oct. 22 llalg's forces cross Im
Scheldt. '
Oct. 23 President Wilson refuses
latest German peace plea.
Oct. 27 Germnn .government nsks
President Wilson to state terms.
Oct. 28 Austria begs for separate
pence.
Oct. 20 Austria opens direct nego
tiations with Secretary Lansing.
Oct. 30 Italians Inlliet great defeat
on Austria; rapture 33.000; Austrlans
evacuating Italian territory.
Oct. 31 Turkey surrenders; Aus
trlans utterly routed by Italians; lose
50,000; Austrian envoys, under white
flag, enter Italian lines.
Nov. 1 Italians pursue beaten Aus
trlans across Tngllamento river; allied
conference nt Versailles fixes peace
terms for Germany.
Nov. 3 Austria signs nnnlstlce
amounting virtually to unconditional
surrender.
Nov. 4 Allied terms arc sent to Ger
many.
Nov. 7 Germany's envoys "nter al
lied lines by arrangement.
Nov. 0 Kaiser Wllhelm abdicates
and crown prince renounces throne.
Nov. 10 Former Kaiser Wllhelm
and Ids eldest son, Frledrlch Wllhelm
flee to Holland to escape widespread
revolution throughout Germany.
Nov. 11 German authorities sign
armistice ending hostilities preceding
arrangement of the peace terms.
SAID TO FEED ON INSECTS
Pitcher Plant Known to Scientists as
One of the Wonders of the Vege
table Kingdom.
The pitcher plant Is one of the
freaks of plant life. It grows In
swampy lands and Is well known In
('tinadii. The Mowers, touched with
In Hiiilfiil. delicate tints, are prized
for decorative purposes. But the won
der of the pitcher plant Is its leaves.
They are green, walerholding pitch
ers, beautifully veined with red and
purple, with considerable variation In
inn. During rainfalls they nrc tilled
lib water. This largely evaporates,
living the receptacle half full. Ex
ternally these cups are smooth, while
Internally they are lined with fine brls-tli-s
pointing downward. There Is also
sttckv. RiiL'iirv sort of semi-fluid sub
stance to be found around the Inner
margin of the bowl or pitcher. This
riiiiL'cincnt not only attracts a large
number of tiny Insects, but they are
eager to feed on the sugary sun
stance that not a few 'tumble Into the
water below and die there. 'Ihey can
not fly out, for the lines or flight would
be practically vertical, while hun
dreds of little bristles confronting
thein prevent escape over the surface
by walking out. Many believe that
the plant, through Its leaves, absorbs
the digestive parts of these Insects,
and that they thus contribute' to Its
nutrition; In other words, that the
pitcher plant to this extent Is one of
the carnivores of the vegetable King
dom.
Finicky.
'It's ri hard matter to please sum" of
these society leaders," said the society
editor.
"What's I lie mutter now?" asked the
city edllor.
"Mrs. Grabeoln says the wrltenp of
her party In this morning's paper
wasn't punctiialed to suit her." Bir
mingham Age-Herald.-
A Real Crichton.
"I see Hint yonnij De.lones wild
given a cnmmlssinii In the army with
out going through an olllcers' training
camp or taking any examination."
"Why, you astonish me! How did It
happen 7"
"A high military olllcer chanced to
see the chap light one of these ain't
war awful matches In 11 moderate
breeze and declared that the army
should not be deprived another moment
of the services of 11 1111111 so super
humanly resourceful."
TO SPEED UP THE
PEACE CONGRESS
President Wilson Likely to At.
tend Opening Session.
TO DEFEAT BOLSHEVISM
At Earliest Date To Save Germany
And Neighboring States From
Anarchy And
Famine.
Washington. Developments In Ku
rope, not only in the military way, but
in the field of International politic
and the tendency of the revolutionary
spirit manifested by the demoralized
civilian population of the Central Km
plres to spread to neighboring states,
have Influenced the Allied and Amer
ican governments to arrange for the
meeting at an early date of the grcst
peaco congress.
The Atlantic cables are burdens
With government business believed to
be made up for the most part or
exchanges between Washington ami
Paris, where the Interallied Council in
endeavoring to reach an agreement us
to the time and place for holding th
conference, the conditions under which
It shall be held and the nations thai
shall be admitted to participation
Consideration of this last question
probably will occupy much time for
almost every day witnesses the birth
of a new state.
There has been a disposition to de
lay the holding of the peace confer
ence until the political situation in
Europe had somewhat crystalized, but
It Is understood that other considera
tions finally led to a decision by the
associated governments to proceed to
Hssemble the conference at the earliest
date that can be set, having regard to
the difficulty of ensuring the attend
ance of commissions or delegates at
Versollles, which seems most likely
to be selected as the place of the
meeting.
One reason suggested for the change
of decision Is the necessity or restor
ing the channels of trade and Industry
in the late enemy states so as to af
ford employment to labor and thereby
relieve the thrcut of Bolshevism and
anarchy. Another is thf general de
sire now expressed by nil of the Allied
governments to relieve the civilian
populations of the Central Power"
from the danger of famine, it bcinr,
recognized that this relief work can
best be carried on after formal pcact
treaties have been negotiated.
There also has been apprehension
that delay In the consummation of
pi ace would have an Injurious effect
upon Industries in America and the
Ail ed countries.
With the assurance of an early as
sembly of the peace conference at
tention turned to the composition of
the American commission. The be-
lief Is growing that President Wilson
will attend, but probably not in the
capacity of a delegate or commission
er. It Is known that Secretary Lans
ing will head the American commis
sion and Colonel E. M. House, Justice
I-ouls Brandells and Ellhu Root, for
mer Secretary of State, are mentioned
as othi rs likely of selection. Besides
the delegates a number of army and
navy olflcers must be named to assist
the commission. In that connection
attention has been directed to the
names of General Taskcr H. Bliss, for
mer chief of staff and now American
representative on the Supreme Wnr
Council; Major General Enoch Crow
der. Judge Advocate General and
Provost Marshal, a veteran of The
Hague conference, and Brigadier Gen
eral Samuel Ansel!, acting Judge ad
vocate general, and Vice Admiral Wil
liam S. Sims, and Captain Ridley Mc
Lean, formerly Judge advocute of the
Navy.
James Brown Scott, formerly so-
Ilcltor of the Department of State and
at present recreUry of the Carnegie
F.i-iowment for Universal Peace and
u.-o a participant In the last confer
ence ut The Hague, Is believed to be
under consideration as secretary for
the American commission.
CAMPS ABOUT FREE OF FLU,
Epidemic Wearing Itself Out In West
ern Cantonments.
Washington. For the first time
Blnce Spanish Influenza became epi
demic In army camps at home, the
Purgeon -General's weekly report
phows the disease effectually checked,
with Indications of further Improve-
ents. Figures made public reroiu
ilfciftMSR of about one-third In the
number of cases for the week ended
November 8, as compared wilh tlie
previous week. The total was 6.8P7,
eotnparrd with lS.liS.
WORK ON CANTONMENT STOPPED
$7,000,003 Cimp Near Columbia, S. d
Will De Abandoned.
Co'.i:mbla, S. C Construction on
the North Columbia cantonment here,
which wus planned as a duplication
of Coup Jackson, has been stopped by
orders f:or.i the War Department.
Fl"bt in'dllnn f'Vt d' lumbor Is esti
mated to have been used when tho
work was stopped. The contract for
the canlonmcnt culled for an expendi
ture of approximately $7,000,000.
CO NEW VESSELS LAST WEEK.
101,000 Tons Added To United States
Merchant Marine.
Washington. Twenty vessels, total
ing 101,000 deadweight tons, were de
livered to the I'nited States Shlpi'l
Board from American shipyards dur
lug the Orst week of November. Thl
Is the greatest number of completed
s'.ilps dellvereil-in any week and brlnj
the grand total of completed vessels
to (07.