1HE FULTON COUNTY NEWS. McCONNELLSBURQ. PA.
HE PIS SHOES
FOR PERSHING MEN
GENERAL ' ASKS FOR LAHCE
FOOTGEAR SUPPLY FOR SOL
DIERS IN FRANCE.
AIRPLANE MISHAPS ARE FEW
With Hundred! of Men Learning to
Fly, War Department Record Show
Number of Accident at Military Avi
ation Field Comparatively Small.
Wellington. Gen. Pershing hn
requested shipment of 18,.1'JO pairs of
hoeH for eneh 25,0(10 men monthly,
which Is approximately nine pair of
ahoes per man per yt'ar. Thin quan
tity la In excess of actunl conHiirnptlon
and la being used to build up a re
serve for nil troop In France. When
ueh a supply I accumulated, the
quantities per man will be reduced.
The quartermaster general' de
partment now ha on hand and dun
on outstanding contract. 7,564,000
field shoe and 7.87.1,000 marching
hoes. It will be necessary to secure
more thnn a million additional uhoea
during the year.
Records of the war department dhow
that from the beginning of training In
June, 1917. to February 22. 1018. the
fatalities at military aviation fields
In this country have been .11; 10 of
ficers and 21) cadet killed In training
flights, and 12 men killed In unauthor
ised flights and ground accidents.
Since the training began In the
United States, student aviators have
flown considerably more than 100,000
miles. Hundreds of hitherto Inert
perlenced men have been learning to
fly. 'Their early flight are under the
guidance of Instructors, and prior to
these flight two or more months are
pent In preliminary ground work.
There come a time, however, when
every student avlntor must tnke his
machine up alone, and every precau
tion ha been tnken to reduce the
number of accidents nnd safeguard
the aviator In bis solo flights.
The fuel administration Is cnrrylne
on a series of conferences covering all
Industries which use large quantities
of fuel, with a view to leornlng the re
quirements of each line during 1918.
The Industries themselves nre playing
a leading part In these discussions.
The aim of the fuel administration I
to arrive at n percentage of produc
tion which, under the circumstances,
will be satisfactory to the manufac
turer and their workmen, but which
will not represent a comsumptliin of
fuel for the mnnufneture of supplies
not needed during the current yenr.
The order . which has been Issued
limiting the iise of fuel for the pro
duction of window glass to 50 per cent
of the amount manufactured In 1017
la the result of one of these confer
ence. A survey of the field Indicated
that while not more thot 5,000.000
boxen of window glass would be used
In 1918, competitive conditions were
likely to result In an overinanufacture
of at least 2,000,000 boxes.
It I through this system of limita
tion, together with large economy In
the method of using fuel, that the
fuel administration expects to supple
ment the production of coal this year.
It 1 hoped, as the railroads strenghten
their facilities, that It will be possible
to mine and transport a lnrger quun
tlty of cool this year than Inst, but It
In through these methods of reducing
inumptlon that a repetition of this
year's shortage I expected to be pre
vented.
Rifle and cartridge production In the
TJnlted States has developed In volume
nnd In quality on n scale assuring the
satisfactory equipment of the army,
according to a statement authorized by
the secretary of war.
To achieve the rlfl nnd ammunition
production program the government
ha expended or has obligated Itself to
expend, during 10 months of wnr,
$400,000,000, and 200 officers, 80.000
men, and 10,000 women hnve been en
gaged exclusively In the manufacture
of rifles and cartridges. Two govern
ment plants nnd three privately owned
plants are engnged In making rifles
and one government plant and nine
prlvutely owned plants are engaged In
cartridge manufacture. Ordnance ex
pert In this country nnd In Europe
are In agreement that the United
States army Is being equipped with
two of the best three rifles In the
world.
"Stars nnd Stripes" is the name of
he weeklv newsimper being published
In France for American troops, under
the direction of the Intelligence sec
tion. Practically the entire pnper I
devoted to American news. Including
a dally radio report of about 1.400
words supplied by the committee on
public Information to the French gov
eminent.
Exports of corn to Canada for feed
Ing and manufacturing purposes have
been limited to those varieties nnn
grade which are not suitable for seed
purpose.
Divisional athletic directors who
have received commissions will accom
pany their contingents to France, nc
cordlng to the war department Com
mission on training enmp activities.
Boxing Instructors will not be sent
with the troops, ns nt present the need
for these men Is considered greater
on this side.
The amount of sugar consumed In
1017 In the United States was about
68.8 pounds per capita, according to
figures Issued by the Department of
Agriculture. The average annual con
sumption for the five-year period end
ing In 1018 wns 81.7 pounds per capita.
There were about 1,500.000,000
pounds of commercial stock of sugar
on hand August 31, 1017. compared to
2,000,000,000 pound on the same dute
In 1916. New York reported the larg
est stocks, followed In order by Cali
fornia and Loulalunla
A Swiss commercial pnper states
thut tliero Is a great shortage In coal
of all kinds, an insufficient supply of
wood for fuel, and smull reserves In
oil and greueo throughout "Switzer
land. Freph egg hnve disappeared
from the market. Dry vegetables tire
becoming more scarce. A project to
manufacture flour from potatoes had
to be abandoned because sufficient sup
plies of potatoes could not be secured.
In Holland coal nnd coke price
hnve been advnuccd. In American
terms, the maximum price for authra
clte Is about $22 a ton ; coke. $10 a ton ;
coui briquets, $23 a ton. Distribution
Is carefully regulnted by cards. In
specified quantities. The amount al
lowed, especially to residences, Is
much smaller than In peace times.
New French food regulations forbid
eating houses to serve of consume
fresh or packed butter otherwise than
In the preparation of food. Curdled
or our milk Is prohibited as well as
cream and specified kinds of cheese.
The making of pastries, biscuit, and
confectionery Is prohibited. Only In
dining cars, canteens and railroad re
freshment stations may fresh or con
densed milk or cream be served after
0 In the morning, by Itself or mixed
with coffee, tea, or other preparation.
No solid food may be erved between
9 and 11 In the morning and between
4:30 and 8:30 In the evening. When
the price of a meal exceeds $1.20 the
customer may be served with not more
than two dishes with or without vege
tables, or more than one small loaf of
ordinary bread. The bread I limited
to about 3V4 ounce. All grain which
may be used for making bread Is re
served for human food.
At each enntonment In the United
Stutes a school has been established
where every officer nnd man receives
Instruction In gn defense. The Ameri
can gas mask, similar to the British, I
as mechanically perfect a the best
experts have been able to produce.
The fuce piece, with glass or celluloid
eyepleci-s. Is connected by a flexible
tube with a canister carried In a knnp-
Sttck. The Incoming breath comes(
through the canister, which I filled
with several layers of chemlculs which
neutralize or render harmless the gas
laden nlr. Outgoing breath pusses
outside the fuce piece through a smull
valve.
The student In gas defense soon
lenrns to get his mask on In a hurry,
sic seconds being the stondard time
when the knapsack containing the mnsk
Is hanging nt his chest In the "alert"
position. After Intensive training a
gn attack I arranged. The class Is
put In trenches, and without warning,
clouds of smoke and chlorine nre lib
erated by the Instructors, masks are
hurriedly put on, alarms sounded, and
sleeping men In dugouts aroused.
When the attack ceases the trenches
are clenred of go, the air Is tested,
ond permission Is given to remove
masks.
Describing the American R Cross
a n body authorized to do everything
possible for the comfort nnd welfare
of the soldiers, and to make use of
such agencies as are authorized and
nre In n position to contribute to thnt
end In addition to the provisions made
by the government, a general state
ment by the war department outlines
certnln approved activities:
To distribute sweaters, mufflers, hel
mets, socks, comfort kits, etc.
To render emergency relief of every
kind upon request of an officer In
charge.
To relieve anxiety nnd sustain the
morale of soldiers who nre worried
nbout their families nt home, and to
promote the comfort and well being of
these families.
To conduct canteen service stations
for furnishing refreshments to soldier
when traveling through the country;
to furnish emergency relief to the sir
nnd wounded when en route and to see
thnt they are conveyed to a hospital
when necessary and requested by the
commanding officer.
A representative of the Red Cross
mny be attached to each base hospital
to furnish emergency supplies when
called upon, to communicate with fam
ilies of patients, to render home ser
vice to patients and such other assis
tance as pertains to Red Cross work.
When the first Liberty motor was
ready to be tested It was taken to
Pike's Peak that It might be studied
while running under atmospheric con
ditions obtaining at high altitudes.
This difficulty of bringing the motor to
the mountain Is now overcome at the
department of commerce burenu of
standard nt Washington, by bringing
the mountain to the motor.
Alrplnne motors are now tested nt
the bureau of standards In a labora
tory where various conditions corre
sponding to high altitudes and low
temperatures tire secured. The engine
Is placed In an air tight concrete room,
provided among other things with re
frigerator colls ond a large pump to
reduce the presurc of the nlr. By use
of this apparatus motors mny be ob
served under conditions similar to
those nt different altitudes, which
might otherwise be done only by actual
airplane flights.
Plans of the American Library as
sociation include the establishment of
hook nnd library service In army and
navy hospitals In America nnd France.
The government Is today the great
est employer of labor In the United
Stntes. not considering railroad em
ployees. In normnl times approxlmotely 400,
OtX) civilians nre employed, nnd In the
Inst year the number, bus Increased to
OOO.fKio. In comparison one steel cor
poration employs 300,000 men, and one
railroad 250.000
In an announcement by the food ad
ministration the cause for ndvnnce In
rl"" prices Is attributed to the fact
11 t most rice mills have been running
to full capacity In order to supply the
demand for 1,000,000 bags for Ameri
can nnd allied fighting forces'. As a
result the normal supply for home con
sumption hus been temporarily re
duced. Lower price are forecast.
Well, They Don't Know Any!
Men quarrel and fight about their
opinions, never about facts. Chicago
Vewi.
NEXT DRAFT EOR
mm If
No New Divisions Will
Be
Created Under Plans.
PROCESS TO START IN APRIL
Crowder Soon Expected To Make An
nouncement Of Rules Covering Se
lection Of Men Who Will Be
Taken On Thii Call.
Washington. While a Prge number
of men will be called out during the
present year to fill up the army and
complete its organization, the War De
partment plans do not call for the
creation of any additional divisions in
1918. The announcement concerning
the second draft expected soon from
Provost Marshal General Crowder
may outline the manner in which less
than 1,000,000 men probably not
much in excess of 800,000 are to be
summoned gradually during the year
to complete the existing organiza
tions. Delay in the announcement as to the
next draft is understood to be due to
uncertainty as to which method of al
loting quotus to the states Is to be fol
lowed. The Senate has passed and the
House Military Committee has favor
ably reported an amendment to the
law to base the quota In the number of
nion in class one, instead of upon the
total registration of a state. This
r.hange is regarded as certain to be
made, buT to avoid further delay
schedules of allotment under both
systems have been prepared at
provost Marshal General's office ready
.o go out as soon as final action Is
taken.
As to the date of the second draft,
members of Congress from agricul
tural sections have been practically
assured that no withdrawal of men
from civil life was contemplated which
would cmburrass harvesting. It has
been Indicated, however, that a rela
tively small number of men must be
railed to the colors prior to June 1,
and that process may start In April,
when equipment, clothing and quar
ters will be available. The men are
needed to fill up to full strength divi
sions slated for early departure to
Europe, and also for field army and
corps troops not' attached to divisions.
The replacement of detachments also
must go forward at an accelerating
rate, since American troops are now
actually holding a sector of the French
front and men are being killed or
wounded In action every day.
The completion of the full program
of the War Department without creat
ing any additional divisions probably
will absorb in the neighborhood of
600,000 men. The extent to which it
h'is been necessary to Increase ar
tillery quotas throughout the army,
and to add special units of nil sorts
has surprised every officer nnd ac
counts for the existing shortages to a
large extent.
The number of replacement troops
necessary Is worked out in a scientific
way, based on experience at the front.
A fixed percentage for each arm of
the service is estabMhsed. Among the
non-combatant arms, this Is very
small, but it is quite high among front
line troops. Whllo official figures are
not. available it Is estimated that some
thing more than 200,000 will be neces
Fary for the 1918 program, making
fdO.OOO necessary to call out during
this year.
The last increments of the first
draft now in process of mobilization,
totaling about 80,000 nu n, are being
used to fill regular and National Guard
divisions shown by their efficiency re
ports to bi available for early duty
abroad. Pome of the men nre being
ued n!"o to fill up the rpeelal forces,
although an additional source of sun
ply for highly specialized technical
units Is being used continuously. This
Is by special drafts of particularly
qualified men of the trades necessary.
Orders were Issued today to local
boards calling for 528 artisans of vari
ous sorts for noncombntant units.
Even with nil of the first draft men
mobilized there are considerable defi
ciencies among the National Army
and some or the National Guard divi
sions. The first purpose of the second
draft will be to make up this shortage.
FRENCH TAKE 150 PIUSONERS.
Fourth German Line Penetrated In
Surprise Attack.
Paris. "East of the Meuse we car
ried out a surprise attack at the
Calonne trenches and penetrated as
far ns the fourth German line on a
front of 1,200 metres to a depth
vt (iOO metres," the War Office au
nounced. "We captured more than
150 prisoners."
$75,000 FOR HIS LEGS.
Supreme Court Makes Big Award To
Soldier Crippled.
New York. A Jury In the Supreme
Court here awarded a verdict of $75,
000 to Private Henry Bauman, of a
former Brooklyn National Guard regi
ment, whose legs were cut off by a
tn:ln whiio he was guarding the yards
of the Norfolk and Western Hallway
Company at Lynchburg, Va.
SINN FEINERS ACTIVE.
Take Possession Of Town Of Kllta
magh, County Mayo.
London. Six hundred Sinn Fein
Tolunteers have taken possession of
the town of Klltamagh, County Mayo,
Ireland, according to a dispatch to
the Exchange Telegraph Company.
This action' followed the receipt of an
order form the Sinn Fein leader for
a general mobilization. Drilling is be
ing carried out, and no one can enter
or leave the town without 81nn Fein
permits.
D
The Sower
AMERICAN
TROOPS
ON WIDE FRONT
Pershing's Men Holding Eight
Miles of Trenches.
MAY USE FRENCH SYSTEM
Commanding Officer Hain't Been
Named American Artillery Fire
On Town In Line Of
Enemy.
Washington. American troops are
now holding something over eight miles
of trenches on the battle front In
France, although In the air line their
frontage Is only about four and a half
miles. This frontage U liable to ex
tension at any time to the regular
trench allotment for an army corps.
Irregularity of the french lines Is
responsible for their eight miles of
length. They are laid out so that
flanking fire may be obtained along
every part of the front. Strong points
containing machine guns Just out for
this purpose. The trenches also follow
closely an protective slope of the coun
try and wander up and down hill.
The American sector is understood
to be a divisional frontage, which
means that at least three divisions of
American troops are there to give the
necessary support in depth for the
front lines. This fact has aroused
speculation here as to who will be
selected by General Pershing to com
mand the first corps of his army.
Maj.-Gen. Hunter Liggett is known to
have acted In that capacity, but as yet
the expeditionary commander has not
made any recommendation.
It Is possible that the French system
will be followed in the American army,
so far as the apitoiniment of corps com
manders goes. It is the custom In
France to select any one of the division
commanders In a corps and to place
him at the head of the corps. He re
tains his rank as division commander,
however, and in the case of the Amer
ican army that would be a major-general.
If the French practice Is adopted,
therefore, the grade of lieutenant-general
may be employed only for Held
army commanders.
Huns Repulsed With Losces.
American Army In France. Amer
ican troops on still another place on
the French front have been raided by
Germans who were repulsed with
losses.
ANNAPOLIS WILL BE DRY.
Secretary Daniels Issues Order Abol
ishing Saloons.
Washington. The entire city of An
napolis was legislated Into the dry
column by drastic order of Secretary
of the Navy Daniels, oviding tliHt no
intoxicating liquors should be sold
during the "present emergency" with
in five miles of the Naval Academy,
the training stations at Newport, II. I.;
Norfolk, Va.; Great Lakes, III.; oper
ating base, Hampton Roads; Mare Is
land, Ca!.; Paris Island, S. C, and
Quantlco, Va.
This action was taken by the Navy
Department under the authority grant
ed In the Selective Draft act to both
the army and the navy to create dry
zones around any training camp of
either sen-lee. The War Department
on February 8 Issued regulations along
this line and those Just rlgned by Mr.
Daniels are sitnilur to those of the
army, except, as Mr. Daniels explains,
the width of the navy dry zone "Is
uniformly five miles, Irrespective of
whether or not an Incorporated city
or town lies within such distance."
WASHINGTON.
President Wilson, by executive proc
lamation, made It necessary for any
person flying in the vicinity of mili
tary works or any part of the country
designated as a zone or war-like op
eration or war-like preparation to sp-
cure a llctpse.
Reorganization of the United States
Employment Service. Into a permanent
bureau of the Department of Labor,
with John D. Densmore as Its director,
was announced by Secretary Wilson.
W. II. Groverman was made district
representative of the Fuel Administra
tion for lake docks on Lake Superior
and on the west shore of Lake Mich
igan, with headquarters at Minne
apolis. The Massachusetts law of 1911, levy
ing an excess tax on the par value of
capital stocks exceeding $10,000,000,
was declared void by the Supreme
Court. 1
The City of Denver, In the Supreme
Court, lost Its fight of 20 years' dura
tion against the Denver Union Water
Company over consumers' rates.
D
IN
THE WORLD MA
Bolshevik! Surrender Brings
New Troubles.
MAY MAKE ENEMY OF RUSSIA
Japs, On Other Hand, If Restrained,
May Withdraw From Active Par-'
ticipation In War Future With
Russian People.
Washington. It is recognized in
all ollitlul circles of Washington that
a new crisis has been reached In the
world war and that the surrender of
the Bolslievlkl delegates at Brest
Litovsk has forced issues of greater
moment than any thut has been faced
since the United States entered the
war.
The two moet important questions
In the world today aie whether or
not Japan should be encouraged to
launch a campaign against Germany
In Eastern Siberia and whether or not
there Is a dormant spirit In the Rus
sian people which, threatened with
bondage, will demand that the Rus
sian nation stand erect once more,
defy its enemies and prepare to fight
to the death for its Hie.
The attitude of 'this Government
upon the 'first of these questions Is
contingent to a large degree upon the
answer which the Russian people
make to the second. In other words,
If Russia, In spite of weak and whin,
Ing plaint of the Bolshevlkl, shows
that it means to repudiate the peace
now ordered, the United States very
likely will use whatever influence it
has to restrain the Japanese.
Rut if the Russians meekly lay
down and Invite slavery, as have the
Irresponsible group of adventurers
who have acted as their spokesmen,
and if It appears that Germany Is
about to appropriate whatever there
may be In Russia of military value, it
seems morally certain that the United
States will offer no objection what
ever to the plans of Japan, but, on
the contrary, might unite with the
Japanese in the Siberian campaign.
Meantime, it can be stated upon au
thority that the United States at the
present time has no working agree
ment with Japan upon the Far East
ern question, and that It is still free
to oppose Japan's proposals or to con
sent to them in the exchanges of
views now going on between Wash
ington, London. Paris and Toklo. In
view of this circumstance, it Is now
doubted whether or not the British
Government has championed the bold
plans which the Japs have laid before
the Entente-.
The result of Russia's second peace
conference did not come with a shock
to Washington officials. Nothing that
could come from that turbulent coun
try can now surprise this Government,
it Is equally prepared for good or evil
report. There would be no greater
sensation felt in this city ir all Rus
sia were to rise up to fight the Hun
than if all Russia rose up to welcome
the Invader and volunteered to sup
port (lermany's enemies Official
Washington la shock-proof against all
Russian news, Just as It was a few
years ago against all Mexican news.
This does not mean that there is
indifference hero as to events In Rus
sia or lack of appreciation as to the
momentous bearing of them upon the
future of the war nnd the possible fu
ture of the worM. As a matter of fact,
the deepest concern, In fact, anxiety
Is felt here over the whole business.
ME EDO $450,000,000.
Aviation Program Ha Exhausted
More Than $64,000,000 Already.
Washington. Further appropria
tions of $150,000,000 for the army air
craft program In addition to the $fi40,
000,000 already authorized was asked
of Congress by the War Department.
The War Department Informed the
Senate Military Committee that more
than $810,000,000 has already been
spent and $200,000,000 more Is imme
diately needed. General Pershing fre
quontly makes requests In ounnection
with aviation work, for which no funds
are immediately available.
CONSUMERS MUST PROFIT TOO.
Food Administration Rules On Sugar
Allowances.
Washington. Consumers of sugar
must be given the benefit of any spe
cial allowances made by refiners to
distributors, the Food Administration
announced, in calling attention to its
recent statements discountenancing
sales of sugar by wholesalers and Job
bers at an advance over delivered cost
of more than 15 cents to 25 cents a
hundred pounds.
E
CRISIS
5
0
115 FAST A3 BUILT
Loss of Shipping is Steadily
Decreasing.
PRODUCTION IS LAGGING
Despite Glowing Reports In American
Press, H Says, Desired Out
put Is Not In
Sight
London. "Our Allies art making
every effort to Increase their produc
tion of shlpB," Sir Erie Oeddes, First
Lord of the Admiralty, said, "but, de
spite glowing reports in the American
press and great as the effort of that
country doubtless is, there ie no doubt
a considerable time must elapse be
foreth desired output is obtained."
The trend of the figures of loss of
shipping by enemy action was steadily
improving, Sir Eric stated. The loss
to the world's tonnage during Febru
ary was little more than a half the
lows during February of last year, be
said.
Sir Eric, whose address was de
livered in the House of Commons,
said the naval forces of the Allies in
European waters would be augmented
shortly by a force of Brazilian war
ships. In the waters around the British
Isles, which had been the enemy's
chief field for submarine operations,
the greatest successes against the U
boats had been obtained so far, lat
terly with the help of American naval
forces, said Sir Eric. On the other
hand, conditions in the Mediterranean
had been more difficult. Losses there
accounted for some 30 per cent, of
merchant ships sunk. The resources
for combating the submarines in those
waters were less adequate and the suc
cesses obtained less satisfactory.
"For some months," said Sir Eric,
"we believe that we and the Ameri
cans have been sinking submarines
as fast as they are built."
It became increasingly evident, the
first Iord went on, that as the re
sources for combatting the submarines
improved, it would be possible to turn
attention more to the Mediterranean.
He continued:
"I recently went to Rome for a meet
ing of the Allied naval committee and
also inspected naval establishments in
the Mediterranean, including those of
the Greek Navy. British naval officers
are assisting the Greeks in reorgani
zation of their navy, which already is
co-operating in the Mediterranean and
rendering valuable service."
It was perhaps natural, Sir Eric con
tinued, that co-operation between
Great Britain and the United States
should be extremely close.
On behalf of himself nnd his col
leagues he wished publicly to pay
tribute to the whole-hearted and gen
erous devotion to the prosecution of
the war which governed the action of
every representative of the United
States Navy with whom they came
into contact. The personnel of all
ranks, he said, had the respect and
eBteem of the officers of the British
Navy.
Concerning shipbuilding, he snid
there was no lack of materials at
the present time and that there were
more men in the yards, but the output
reached only 68,000 tons in January, al
though it should have been much larg
er. It was true the weather was ex
ceptionally bad and also that January,
owing to the holidays, always was a
bad month lor the output of ships.
One week or one month could not be
taken by itself. He expressed the
opinion that February would be shown
to have made nearly twice us good a
record as January, although only
about two-thirds of what the same
yards had done previously with fewer
men.
Submarines were being destroyed
In increasing numbers, he continued,
and as the methods employed against
them were developed the numbers
would be enlarged still further. There
was a growing reluctance on the part
of German crews to put to sea. The
chances that a submarine would re
turn from a voyage In the water
around England were one in four or
one in five.
BELGIAN PLANTS DYNAMjTED.
Huns Continue Industrial Destruction
And Deportations.
Washington. The destruction of
Belgian industry and deportation of
civilians by the Germans continues.
An official dispatch said refugees from
Belgium report that dynamite Is being
used to destroy machines and equip
ment in factories in the Mons district.
Rails or tramways are being taken up,
and In some cities the lines have been
entirely destroyed.
AMERICAN SKIPPER HONORED.
Captain Thiriar Gets Sliver Cup For
Rescuing British Crew.
Washington. In recognition of his
bravery In rescuing a part of the crew
of the British ship Malda off the coast
of Scotland, August 29, 1917, a silver
cup was presented to Captain Emll
Thiriar, of the American steamship
Atlantic Sun, by the British Govern
ment. N. Y. WOMEN CAST FIRST VOTE.
Poll 31,858 Out Of A Total Of 78,192
Ballots.
New York. Control of the House
of Representa'tlves was regained by
the Democrats hare when they elected
their candidate from four districts in
Greater New York at special elections
called to choose successors to four
members of that party who had signed
their seats in Congress. New York
women had their first chnnce to vote
Blnce they won the right at the polls
last November.
Armies in Great
Battle
Germans Striking Against Finland
And Austrian! In The
South,
Although the military operation!
along the Western front in Franc
and Belgium dally are growing In ni&.
nltude until it seems apparent that
fierce battles cannot much longer bi
delayed, the situation in Russia con
tinues to bold an absorbing place j
public interest throughout the world.
Scant advices from Petrograd are
coming through, but thos thst art
finding their way out of the turmoil,
ridden capital at Petrograd lndlcati
that while the Germans have ceufnj
operations In Great Russia, following
the signing of the pecae compact with,
the Bolshevlkl, they now are striking
against Finland, and that in the south
the Austro-Hungarians are making In
roads into Podolia in an endeavor to
drive out the Bolshevlkl and thus se
cure an untrammcled hold on the
country in which so much dependence
has been placed for the feeding of the
Teutonic allies.
While ostensibly the German opera
tions in Finland, which are being car
rled out from bases In the Aland Is
lands, have as their purpose drivinr
of the Finnish revolutionists and Bol
shevlkl Red Guards from Southern Fin
land, it is probable Germany's ambi
tions in this region have in view th
securing of Southwestern Finland to
as far as Helslngfors.
This stretch of territory along the
northern shores of the Gulf of Finland,
taken in conjunction with the holding
of the Germans on the southern short
to the region of Reval, would give the
invaders mastery over the western
approaches to the gulf, and paralyze
completely the movement of Russian
ships of war or commerce into the
Baltic.
The contents of the peace treaty
between the Germans and the Bolshe
vlkl have not yet been made public, but
there is no room for doubt that the
Teuton representatives exacted from
the Russians a price In keeping with
their full desires. The treaty is to be
ratified next Thursday.
In Polalla the Austro-Hungarian
forces evidently nre meeting with
slight resistance as they over-run Lit
tle Russia. A strong Indication of
this Is the Vienna statement that thoy
already have captured more than 770
guns and 1,000 machine guns.
In Eastern Siberia the Bolshevik
elements evidently are placing ob
stacles in the way of a possible Jap
ese Invasion of that territory. Al
ready they have destroyed bridges
along the Trans-Siberian railway, be
tween Lake Baikal and the Chinese
frontier, In addition to having mined
for eventual destruction, if necessary',
other portions of the railway line.
Since Sunday the Germans have left
the Americans In comparative peace
on their sector near Toul. Probably
finding that their attempted forays
were too costly, thoy have failed to
1 iMHifh further attacks and even have
cut down materially their artillery fire
and gas shell bombardments. Again
the American gunners have worked
havoc among the Germans by heavily
shelling a large enntonment whore
troops were assembled.
Near Warneton, southeast of Yprcs,
the Australians have carried out a big
raid against enemy positions, killing at
least 50 of the German defenders, de
stroying dugouts and bringing hack
prisoners. Around Lens the Germans
have begun a rather intensive bom
bardment against the British troops
besieging the great coal center.
The nearest approach to a big bnt
tie on the Western front has occurred
between the French and the Germans
in the Verdun sector. Here the
French troops carried out a brilliant
attack against the Calonne trenches
and penetrated the German positions
as far as their fourth line. The point
of penetration was over a front of
1,200 meters and to a depth of fiOC
meters, and 150 prisoners were taken
In the operation. Attempted attacks
by the Germans north of the Chemln
des Dames, near the Mallncourt
Wood, and in Lorraine went for
naught owing to the accuracy of the
French fire.
In Palestine Genoral Allenby's force
again have dealt the Turks a hard
blow, driving forward their front along
12 miles to a maximum depth of three
thousand yards. Little opposition was
encountered by the British command
er against the Ottomans, whose
morale seems to be deteriorating with
each fresh attack.
The Americans manned and sent up
an observation balloon along the Toul
sector. There was comparative quiet
along the front, although several Ger
man airplanes were driven away.
Field Marshal Halg rrported that the
British reached the second German
lino at Warnitor and reported two
counter-attacks.
English troops raided the enemy'
trenches east of -Bnllecourt and cap
tured a few prisoners and two machine
guns.
Successful raids also were carried
out by the British norlh of the Scrap
and In the neighborhood of Lens.
Berlin claims that storming detach
ments penetrated French tpenches In
the neighborhood of Ornes (Northeast
of Verdun), and brought back H
prisoners.
CAYS WILSON KNOWS ALL.
Balfour Replies To Query As To Bri
tain's Treaties.
London. Replying to a question In
the House of Commons as to whether
coplos of all treaties, secret or public,
and all other memoranda of other
agreements to which Great Britain ba
become a party since August 4, 19H
have been communicated to President
Wilson, Foreign Secretary Balfour
said: .' '.
"President Wilson is kept fully in
formed by the Allies."