THE FULTON COUNTY NEWS. McCONNELLSBURG, Pa.
i
f
DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS
WITH GERMANY ARE BROKEN
Kaiser Warned That Ruthless Sacrifice of
American Lives and Rights
Means War.
PRESIDENT WILSON DEMANDS
Every Agency of the American Government Has Been Set in
Motion to Protect the Country.
Washington. President Wilson bus
broken off diplomatic relations with
Germany and warned tbe Kaiser that
ruthless sacrifice of Amorlcan lives
and rights means war.
Similar action is waiting (or Aus
trla when she notifies this Govern
tnent that she Joins In the campaign
cf unrestricted submarine warfare.
The President made formal an
nouncement of bis action to the coun
try and to the world Saturday at a
Joint session of Congress.
Passports have been handed to
Count von DernstorfT; Ambassador
Oarard with all bis stall and all Ameri
can consuls have been ordered out of
Cermany. All German consuls in the
United States are expected to with
draw, that the severance of relations
way be complete. Anirrlran diplo
matic Interests in Derlin have been
turned over to Spain; Gorman diplo
matic Interests In the United Stales
have been taken over by Switzerland.
Foreign diplomatic interests which
the United States bad in charge In
Germany have been turned over to
(various neutrals.
Two years of diplomatic negotia
tions, marked with .frequent crisis,
and attended with the loss of more
than 200 American lives on the high
ceas, have culminated with an act
which In all the history of nil the
world has always led to war. Every
agency of the American Government
has been set In motion to protect the
fountry against acts of German sym
pathizers. These moves are of neces
sity being kept secret.
With the notice of severanec of rela
tions the United States sent to Derlin
a demand for the Immediate release of
64 Americans takes from ships cap
tured by German raiders In the South
Atlantic.
At the request of the President,
Congress immediately after hearing
bis address began work on new laws
framed by the Department of Justice
to check conspiracies and plots against
the United States which cannot now
be reached under existing statutes.
The question of convoying American
merchant ships through the submarine
blockade has been taken up and Is be
ing considered as one of tbe next
moves by this Government
Neutral governments have been noti
fied of the action of the United States
and have openly been invited to fol
low Its action it the new submarine
campaign violates their rights.
The breaking off of relations came
with a crash, despite the fact that it
had been discounted and practically
determined upon Friday nlrh' The
President returned from his night con
ference with the Senators determined
that a break In relations was the only
act "consistent with the dignity and
the honor of the United States."
Count von Bernstorff while ap
parently deeply moved, was not sur
prised. His first act was to ask Dr.
Paul Hitter, the Swiss Minister, to
come to the German Embassy and
prepare to take over its affairs. Then
he Inormed his wife, an American
born woman, of the development and
likewise told the embassy staff. His
passports were not actually delivered
until 2 o'clock In the afternoon. While
the President was addressing Congress
one of Secretary Lansing's confidential
assistants called at the embassy and
delivered the passports and a note In
reply to the German declaration.
President Wilson kept himself in
seclusion during the morning, except
for a brief conference with Secretary
Lansing, until he left the White House
for the Capitol. In preparation for the
history-making event, the Senate and
House, had assembled in the hall of
the latter body. Justices of the Su
preme Court had seats on the floor, the
Cabinet sat in. a reserved space. Am
bassador Jusserand, of France, occu
pied bis reserved seat in the diplo
matic gallery, which was packed, prin
cipally with neutrals, who came to
hear words of far-reaching Importance
affecting tholr own governments.
As usual, a committee of Congress
men met the President and escorted
him to the Speaker's dais. The whole
tody rose and cheered as the Presi
dent, acknowledging their greeting
without his usual smile, but grim
faced and solemn, took his place at
the clerk's desk and began reading
his address.
When he told how the German proc
lamation left nothing fcr the honor
and dignity of the United States tut
a break in relations and that he had
ordered passports sent to Von Bern
storff and a recall to Mr. Gerard, the
assemblage broke Into a cheer, In
which Republicans and Democrats
alike Joined. More applause greeted
his declaration that only an overt act
cculd convince him that Germany In
tended to violate American lives and
rights, and there was prolonged ap
plause and cheering when be conclud
MORE GUARDS FOR WHITE HOUSE
Gates To Grounds Closed and Extra
Police Bar Entrance.
Washington. Additional guards
were thrown about the White House
eoon after the President delivered his
epeech to Congress. The gates to the
"White House grounds were promptly
closed and extra police were statlonod
to keep anyone from entering. News
paper men and others with business
at the Executive offices were passed
through a special gate, after they had
RELEASE OF 64 AMERICANS
ed by announcing that should Amerl
can ships and lives sacrificed "In need
less contravention of the Just and rea
sonable understands of iternatlonal
law and tbe obvious dictates of hu
manity" he would again appear before
Congress to ask authority to "use any
means that may be necessary for the
protection of our seamen and our peo
ple." Guard For Bernstorff and Suite.
Soon after Count von Bernstorff'a
passports arrived United States Secret
Service men threw a guard about the
Ambassador and bis sulto to make cer
tain that tbe hospitality of the United
States is net violated whllo he remains
on American soil. The status of Count
Tarnowskl, the Austrian Ambassador,
was undecided, although he called at
the State Department to arrange for
presenting bis credentials to President
Wilson.
For months, ever since relations with
Germany became acute, there have
been ominous signs of threatened ac
tivities of German sympathizers and
dlslcyal Americans if diplomatic re
lations were broken off. The Admin
istration has not been unmindful of
these. Various branches of the Gov
ernment have informed themselves on
tho subject far more completely than
might be thought. Officials express
themselves as satisfied that they will
be able to cope with the situation. In
the army and navy, and in the citizen
ship generally, officials realize that tbe
composite character of American na
tionality makes It difficult not to find
some persons who will express sympa
thy with the land of their birth.
Senator Thomas Introduced an
amendment to the House Ilevenue bill
proposing an Issue of $300,000,000 non-Interest-bearing
Treasury notes to put
the nation in a "state of naval and
military preparedness."
The amendment was read, but not
discussed. Tbe notes would be pay
able to persons from whom tbe Gov
ernment purchased munitions, could
be used to pay taxes and would be re
deemable in 1935.
GUARD NAVAL ACADEMY.
Captain Eberle Bars All Visitors
From Government Reservation,
Annapolis, Md. Immediately upon
the receipt of information from the
Navy Department at Washington of
the breaek in diplomatic relations be
tween the United States and Germany,
Capt. Edward W. Eberle, superintend
ent of tbe Naval Academy, issued an
order barring all visitors from the
grounds of the Government reserva
tion. In accordance with the order of Su
perintendent Eberle, a cordon of
guards was thrown about every en
trance to the Government grounds, and
strict vigilance will be maintained in
every respect. The order also affects
the naval experiment station and the
marine barracks.
Absolutely no one outside of the
midshipmen, residents of the academy,
or employes about the Government
reservation Is admitted.
NEW YORK GUARD CALLED OUT.
Every Arsenal, Armory and Water
Shed Will Be Protected.
New York. The entire National
Guard of New York State and the
naval militia wero ordered out by Gov
ernor Whitman after a conference with
MaJ. Gen. John F. O'ltyan.
General O'ltyan was directed to
have every arsenal, armory and water
shed adequately guarded by the militia
men, and Commodore Forshew, of the
naval militia, was ordered to protect
all bridges.
A strict military censorship was
established at National Guard head
quarters immediately after the Gover
nor's order was Issued. "I think It Is
the patriotic duty of newspapers not
to seek or publish any Information con
cerning the use of troops at this time,"
said General O'ltyan.
MAY ABANDON INAUGURATION.
Sentiment Growing For Doing Away
With Public Ceremanias.
Washington. While no decUlon has
been reached officially, there Is a very
decided sentiment in all afflclal quar
ters to abandon the public ceremonies
of Inauguration on March 5 and simply
have the President take the oath cf
office in the White Houre on Sunday,
March 4. The army and navy recep
tion at the White House probably will
ho abandoned.
Those officials who favor abandon
ing the public ceremonies feel that
with the President facing such critical
International affairs tb gocd of the
country demands that he shall not be
called upon to participate In public
functions.
satisfied the policemen of their
Identity.
In spite of the unusual situation the
Congressional Union for V'cman Suf
frage, announced that lis "picketing"
outside of tho White. House grounds
would be continued to show that the
women thought they should have a
part In reaching momentous decisions
possibly Involving the nation In war.
Secretary Daniels asked the right to
commandeer all private shipbuilding
and munitions plants with Government
contracts and to operate them.
GERMANY DECLARES
RUTHLESS SEA HI
Gives Notice to Sink Ships
Without Warning.
fO STARVE THE ALLIES
United State Is Notified To Warn
American Ships Against Entering
Barred Zones and To Warn Its Cltl
tens Against Taking Passage Or
Confiding Goods To Ships Destined
For tho Allied Ports.
Berlin (by wireless to Sayvllle).
The German Government announced
Its decision to adopt a policy of unre
served naval warfare, to take effect
February 1.
An official statement Issued by tbe
German Government announces that
neutral ships plying within certain
new "barred zones" will do so at their
own risk. Precautions will be taken
to protect neutral ships which sailed
for these tones prior to February 1.
Tbe new order amounts practically
to an absolute proscription of shipping
to or from ports of the Entente
nations. A clause In the decree pro
vides that, under certain restrictions,
one vessel a week shall be allowed
to pass between tbe United States and
England.
Neutral are urgently 'advised .to
warn their vessels on the way to ports
In the barred zones and direct them
away from these areas. Neutral ships
in port within barred zones will be
given until February 6 to sail, and
must take the shortest route out of
the restricted areas.
Notification of this new submarine
warfare is given and the "barred
zones" are defined In an annex to n
note to the United States Government,
referring to President Wilson's recent
address to the Senate, which the Ger
man Government has transmitted to
Washington.
Text Of German Note.
The note which was handed to
James W. Gerard, the American Am
bassador, reads:
"Your Excellency had the kindness
to communicate on the 22nd of tills
mouth tbe message which the Presi
dent of the United States on the same
day addressed to tho American Sen
ate. The Imperial Government took
knowledge of the contents of tbe mes
sage with that earnest attention which
is becoming to the explanations of the
President, inspired by his sense of re
sponsibility. "It affords her great satisfaction to
state that the general lines of this re
markable manifestation In the widest
senso agree with the principles and
wishes of Germany and her allies. To
these belong In tho first place the right
of self-government and the equal rights
of all nations. Recognizing this prin
ciple, Germany would gladly welcome
It if nations like Ireland and India,
which do not enjoy the blessings of an
independent state, should now obtain
liberty."
Would Prevent Future Wars.
"Alliances which drive nations Into
competition for hegemony and incline
ihcm towards any selfish Intrigues arc
likewise refused by tbe German peo
ple. On the other band, it Is enthu
siastic for co-operation In all endeavor
which aim at the prevention of future
wars. The freedom of the seas as a
preliminary condition for free and
peaceful intercourse between nations,
as well as the open door for trade,
always have been guiding principles
of German policy.
"The Imperial Government all the
more regrets that the attitudo of the
adversaries, being hostile to peace,
makes It Impossible for the world at
present to work out the situation along
these line. Germany and her allies
were ready to enter Into peace nego
tiations and had Indicated a guarantee
of existence, honor and liberty as a
basis. Their plans were for evolution,
as was expressly stated in the note of
December 12, 1916, and were not aimed
nt the destruction or annihilation of
their adversaries, and In their convic
tion were compatible with the rights
of other nations. As to Belgium, which
Is the subject of warm-hearted sym
pathy in the United States, the Chan
cellor a few weeks beforehand an
nounced that the annexation of Bel
glum had never formed part of Ger
many's intentions.
"Germany in the peace to be con
cluded with Belgium merely wanted to
take precautlonory measures so that
that country, with which the Imperlnl
Government wishes to live In good,
neighborly relations, could not be ex
ploited by adversaries for the promo
tion of hostile attempts. Such a pre
caution Is all the more urgently need
ed, since hostile persons In power In
ropeatcd speeches, and especially In
the resolutions of the Paris economic
conference, declared their unveiled In
tention, even after the restoration of
poace (not?) to recognize Germany as
of equal right, but rHther continue to
light in systematic fashion.
Say3 Allies Have Forced Move.
"The attempt of the four Allied
Powers to bring about peace failed on
account of the lust for conquest of
their adversaries who (do not?) want
pence. Under the pretext of the prin
ciple of nationalities they unveiled as
their war alms opposition to and dis
honor for Germany, Austria-Hungary,
Turkey and Bulgaria. To our desire
1,200 MEN GUARD DOCKS.
Police Boats and Tugs Also Held
Ready In New York Harbor.
New York. Upon the receipt of
special Instructions from Washington,
Dudley Field Malone, collector of the
port, conferred with representatives
of the Department of Justine and tho
New York police. None of those who
ittendod the conference would discuss
vhnt was considered, beyond saying
hot questions relating to a possible
T.crsency were talked over. Mr.
.Ir.lur.e V.iu Increased his force of dock
BLOCKADE ZONES DECLARED BY KAISER
6fl $jp yoav JtwieA. SJ Q
ISLES r 13$!3S0 i Jcfi
' W T?ANCE0&TRU-H T!IjY t
7'
AFRICA "-fli!
The forbidden area for neutral vessels under Germany's warning Is
bounded by a line running from practically the center of the Netherlands
coust northward, blockading ull Denmnrk and tbe entrance to the Baltic, to
the outside point of Norway, thence due west, skirting tho southern part of
the Faroe islands; then west and then south In grand square 300 or 400
miles to sea off the British Isles, to the Junction of Spain and Portugal, ap
parently leaving the lutter country open and affording a 20-mlle snfety zone
along the northern Spanish const to France. Practically the whole Mediter
ranean Is declared dungerous except a narrow strip almost paralleling the
African const to n poUit directly south of Greece, from which a 20-mlle patb
to Greek territorial waters Is declared operw
for reconciliation they opposed their
will. They want to fight to the last.
"Thus a new situation has sprung
up which forces Germany also to new
decisions. For two years and a half
England adopted political and naval
measures In a critical attempt to force
Germany and Austria-Hungary to sub
jection. Brutally, despite the laws of
nations, the group of powers mar
rholed by Englnnd not only prohibits
legitimate trade of Its adversaries. By
reckless pressure cven on neutral
states it stops all trade relations agree
able to it, or forces them to limit their
trade according to Its orders.
"The American nation knows the
means taken in order to move England
and her allies to return to the laws of
nations and to respect the law of free
dom of the seas. The British Govern
ment persists in Its war of starvation,
which certainly does not touch the
military strength of Its adversary, but
which forces women and children, the
sick ond aged persons to undergo pain
ful privations for their country's sake,
which are harming the national
vitality.
Gives Warning To Americans.
"The attempt to establish an under
taking between the adversaries hav
ing been answered by the announce
ment of intensified warfare, the Im
perial Government must now continue
the war for existence once more forced
upon It by using its weapons. The
Imperial Government therefore is
forced to do away with the restric
tions which until now it has impressed
upon the use of Its fighting means on
the sea.
"Trusting that the American peoplo
and its Government will be alive to
these reasons for this decision and for
Its necessity, the Imperial Government
hopes that the United States will ap
preciate the new state of affairs from
the lofty nnd exalted standpoint of the
Imperial (Government?) and on Its
part will also co-operate In order to
avoid fuilher misery and avoidable
sacrifices of human lives.
"Preferring as to details of the plan
ned war measures at sea to the an
nexed, the Government at the same
time begs to express Its confidence
that the American Government will
warn American ships against entering
the barred zones described In the
annex and also will warn Its citizens
against taking passage on or confiding
goods to ships plying to ports In the
barred zone."
Similar notes have been handed to
the representatives of all neutral gov
ernments. GERMANY'S WARNING TO SHIPS.
Berlin (by wireless to Sayvllle).
Following Is the annex referred to In
the German note sent to tho United
States:
"From February 1, 1917, within bar
red zones around Great Britain,
France, Italy and in the Eastern Medi
terranean as outlined In the following,
all sea traffic forthwith will be op
posed. Such barred zones are:
"In the North Sea, the district
around England and France which Is
limited by a line 20 nautical miles;
the district along the Dutch coast as
far as the Terschelllng light ship, the
degree of longitude of the Terschclllng
light ship to Udlr; a line from there
across the point 62 degrees north lati
tude, 5 longitude, westward along 62
degrees to a point three nautical miles
south of tho south point of Farover
(Faroe Islands?), from there across the
point 62 degrees north degrees west,
to 61 degrees north, 15 decrees west;
then 57 degrees north, 20 degrees west,
to 47 degrees north, 20 degrees west;
further to 43 degrees north, 15 degrees
west; then on degree latitude 43 de
grees north to the point 20 nautical
miles from Cape Flnlsterre, and 20
nautical miles distance along the
Spanish north coast as far as tho
French frontier.
"Concerning the South, In the Medi
terranean: For neutral shipping there
remains open the sea district west of
a line from Pt do Les Paquett to 38
guards and special Inspectors until he
now has more than 1,200 men under
his command.
FRANCE TO MOBILIZE NATION.
Plan Includes All Persons Between
Ages Of 16 and 60.
Paris. The Government has decided
to mobilize, for purposes contributing
to the national defense, the entire
civilian population of France of both
sexes between the ages of 16 and 60.
This plan Is now under study by the
various ministries concerned.
degreos 20 minutes north and 6 de
grees east, as well as north and west
of a zone CO sea miles broad along
the North African coast, beginning on
(2) degrees west longitude
"In order to connect this sea dis
trict with Greece, the zone leads 20
sea mlle.s in width north or at, follow
ing this line: 38 degrees north and 6
degrees east, 38 degrees north and 11
degrees 30 minutes east to 34 degrees
north nnd 11 degrees 30 minutes east
to 34 degrees north and 22 degrees 30
minutes cast. From there It leads to
a zone 20 sea miles broad west of 2'i
degrees 30 minutes cast long, Into
Greek territorial waters.
"Neutral ships plying within the bar
red zones do so at their own risk. Al
though precautions are being taken to
spare neutral ships which on February
1 are on the way to ports In the barred
zone, during an appropriate delay, yet
it is urgently to bp advised that they
should be warned and directed to other
routes by all means available.
"Neutral ships lying In ports of the
barred zones can with the samo safety
abandon the barred zones if they sail
before February 5 and take the short
est route Into the open district.
"Traffic of regular American passen
ger steamers can go on unmolested if:
"A Falmouth is taken as the port
of destination, and If,
"B On the going and return Jour
ney the Stilly Islands, as well as tho
point DO degrees north, 20 degrees
west, be steered on. Along this route
no German mines will be laid.
"C If steamers on this Journey bear
the following special signals, which
only they will be permitted to display
in American ports: A coating of white
paint on the ship's hull, and the super
structure in vertical stripes three
metres broad, alternating white and
red; on every mast a large flag of
checkered white and red. on the stern
the American natlonnl flag; during
darkness tho national flag and the coat
of paint to be easily recognizable as
possible from a distance; and tbe ships
must be completoly and brightly illu
minated. "D If only one steamer runs each
week in each direction, arriving at Fal
mouth on Sundays, leaving Falmouth
on Wednesdays.
"E If guarantees and assurances
are given by the American Government
that these steamers carry no contra
band (according to the German list of
contraband).
"Two copies of maps on which the
barred zones are outlined are added."
GERMANY TO FIGHT TO END.
Berlin (via London). Chancellor
von Bethmann-Hollweg and other
Ministers attended an important meet
ing of tho Ways and Means Commit
tee of the Reichstag, at which the en
tire war situation was gone over and
new steps planned by the Central
Powers were considered. The Chan
cellor is quoted as saying: "On De
cember 12 I explained to the Reich
stag the reasons which led to our
peace offer. The reply of our op
ponents clearly and precisely said that
they declined peace negotiations with
us and want to hear only of a peace
which they dictate. By this tho wholo
question of guilt for the continuation
of the war is decided. The guilt falls
alone on our opponents. Just as def
inite Is our task. The conditions of
the enemy we cannot discuss. They
could only be accepted by a totally
defeated people. It, therefore, means
that we must fight.
"But what are the peace conditions
of the Entente? Germany's defensive
force Is to be destroyed, we to lose
Alsace-Lorraine and our Eastern prov
Inces, the Danube monarchy to be dis
solved. Bulgaria again to be cheated
of her national unity, and Turkey to
be pushed out of Europe and smashed
In Asia. The destructive designs of
our opponents cannot be expressed
more strongly. We have been chal
lenged to fight to the end. We accept
the challenge, we stake everything and
shall be victorious."
ASKS ALLIES TO END BLOCKADE.
Greece Urges That Demands Have
Been Complied With.
London. A request has been made
for the raising of the Greek blockade,
on the grounds that the demands of
the Entente Allies, including In great
moasure the transfer of troops to the
South, have been complied with. No
reply has been sent, but some arrange
ments may bo made to relieve the Im
mediate necessities of tho, poorer
classes without actually raising toe
blockade.
PRESIDENT TELLS CONGRESS WHY
WE HAVE BROKEN WITH GERMANY
Washington, Feb. 3, President Wil
son, in an address to a Joint session
of congress, told lils reasons for break
ing off diplomatic negotiations with
Germany. He said:
"To the congress, February 3, 1017.
Gentlemen of the Congress :
"The Imperlnl German government
on the 31st of January announced to
this government und to tho govern-'
incuts of the other neutral nations
that on nnd after the 1st day of Febru
ary, tho present month, It would adopt
a policy with regard to the use of
submarines against all shipping seek
ing lo puss through certain designated
areas of the high seas to which It is
clearly my duty to call your uttentlon.
"Let me remind the congress thut
on the 18th of April last, In view of
the sinking on tho 2-1 1 h of March of
tho cross Channel passenger steamer
Sussex by a German submarine, with
out summons or warning, nnd the con
sequent loss of the lives of several
citizens of tho United States, who
wcro pussengers aboard her, this gov
ernment addressed a note to the Im
perlnl German government In which It
made the following declarations:
" 'If It still be the purpose of the Im
perial government to prosecute relent
less nnd Indiscriminate warfare
against vessels of commerco by the
use of submarines without regard to
what tho government of tho United
States must consider tho sacred nnd
Indisputable rules of International law
and the universally recognized dic
tates of humanity, the government of
tho United Stutes Is nt last forced to
the conclusion that there Is but one
course It can pursue. Unless tho Im
perial government should now and Im
mediately declare nnd effect an aban
donment of Its present methods of
submarine wnrfaro against passenger
and freight currying vessels, tho gov
ernment of tho United States can have
no choice but to sever diplomatic re
lations with tho German empire alto
gether.' "In reply to this declaration the Im
perial Gorman government gave this
government the following assurance:
"'The Germnn government Is pre
pared to do Its utmost to confine the
operations of tho wnr for the rest of
Its duration to the fighting forces of
the belligerents, thereby also assuring
the freedom of the sens, a principle
upon which the German government
believes, now as before, to be In agree
ment with the government of the
United States.
"'The German government, guided
by this Iden, notifies the government
of the United States that the German
naval forces have received the follow
ing orders: In accordance with the
general principles of visit nnd search
ond destruction of merchnnt vessels
recognized by International law, such
vessels, both within nnd without tho
nrea declared as naval war zone,
declared as naval war zone, shall not
be sunk without warning and without
saving humnn lives, unless these ships
attempt to escape or offer resistance.
"'But,' it added, 'neutrals cannot
expect thnt Germany, forced to fight
for her existence, shall, for the sake of
neutral Interests, restrict the use of an
effective weapon If her enemy Is per
mitted to continue to apply at will
methods of warfare violating the rules
of International law. Such a demand
would be Incompatible with the char
acter of neutrality, und the Germnn
government Is convinced thnt the gov
ernment of tho United States does not
think of making such a demand,
knowing that the government of the
United Stutcs has repeatedly declared
thnt It Is determined to restore the
principle of the freedom of the seas,
from whatever quarter it bus been vio
lated. "To this .the government of tho Unit
ed Stutes replied on the eighth of May,
accepting, Of course, tho assurance giv
en, but adding:
"'The government of the United
States feels It necessary to state that
It takes it for granted that the Im
perial German government does not
Intend It to imply thnt the maintenance
of its newly announced policy Is In any
way contingent upon tho course of re
sults of diplomatic negotiations be
tween the government of the United
States and other belligerent govern
ments, notwithstanding the fact that
Certain pussages In the Imperial gov
ernment's note of the fourth Instant
might appear to be susceptible of that
construction. In order, however, to
avoid any possible misunderstanding,
the government of tho United States
notifies the Imperial government that
It cannot for a moment entertain,
much less discuss, a suggestion that
respect by lermnn naval authorities
for the rights of citizens of the United
States upon the high seas should In
any way In the slightest degree bo
mnde contingent upon tho conduct of
any other government affecting tho
rights of neutrals and noncombntunts.
Torpedo Boat Coals.
Chnrlotte, N. C The torpedo boat
Bagley, being used as a mine lnyer,
uneKpectcdly nppenred at Morehead
City, N. C nnd took on a full supply
of coal. Her otlicers refused to dis
cuss a report that the harbor was to
bo mined.
Patrol San Francisco Harbor.
San Francisco. Collector of tho
Port J. O. Davis has put the Golden
Gate nnd the lower bay under torpedo
boat patrol to Insure neutrality.
Chilean Journal Supports U. 8.
Valparaiso, Chile. Commenting on
the German unrestricted nnvul war
faro announcement, the Influential
Mercurlo says :
"Germany retained the friendship of
the United States solely by means of
promises never fulfilled. Tho Interests
of neutruls liuvo been more and more
prejudiced."
The newspaper expresses admiration
for the policy of the United States
government, "which demands from
Germany the right of neutral states to
have their commerce free."
Responsibility In such matters (,
single, not Joint; absolute, not M,
tlve.'
"To this note of the eighth of lh,
the Imperial German government mnilt
no reply. On tho thirty-first of Jung
nry, tho Wednesday of the preset,
week, tho German ambassador hnnit,;
to the secretory of state, along with t
formal note, a memorandum whic)
contnlns the following statements:
" 'Tho Imperial government, tlur
fore, does not doubt thnt tho govern
tnent of the United States will under
stand tho situation thus forced
Germany by the entente- allies' bnit
methods of wnr nnd by their determlni
tlon to destroy the central powers, am
that the government of the Unltn
stutes will further realize that thi
now openly disclosed Intentions of thi
entente allies give bock to Cermoni
the freedom of action which she r
served In her note nddressed to tht
government of the United States
May 4, 1010.
"'Under these circumstances Cor
many will meet the Illegal mcasur
of her enemies by forcibly prevent!
after February 1, 1017. In a zo
around Great Britain, France, Italy
nnd In tho eastern Medltcrrnneaa it
nnvlgaiiu.:, that of neutrnls InclwM
from nnd to England nnd from and u
France, etc., etc. All ships met wltliii
the zono will be sunk.'
"I think thnt you will agree with rm
thnt. In view of this declarotlnn, whM
suddenly nnd without prior Intlnmm
of any kind deliberately withdraw
the solemn assurance given In the lo
porlnl government's note of the fniirt;
of May. 101(1. this government lias m
alternative consistent with the dlcnltj
nnd honor of the United States, but
tnko the course which. In Its note of
the eighteenth of April. 1010, It n
nnuncpd that It would take In iU
event thnt the German government di!
not declare nnd effect an nhnndomnm:
of tbe methods of submnrlne warfun
which It was then employing and tt
which It now purposes again to r
sort.
"I have, therefore, directed the m
retary of state to announce to his n
cellency the Germnn nmhassndor tin!
nil diplomatic relations between th'
United Stntes nnd the German empiri
are severed nnd thnt tho American n&
Imssndor nt Berlin will be Immedlntelj
withdrawn, nnd In accordance win
this decision to hand to his excelliarj
his passports.
"Notwithstanding this unexpoctrt
action of tho Germnn government
this sudden nnd deeply deplored n
nunclutlon of Its assurances, glvo
this government nt one of the mnit
critical moments of tension In the
lotions of the two governments, I n
fuse to believe that It Is the Intentlot
of the Germnn authorities to da li
fact what they have warned us tliej
will feel nt liberty to do. I ennno!
bring myself to believe thnt they win
Indeed pny no regard to the ancient
friendship between their people an
our own or to the solemn obligation!
which hnve been exchanged betwefi
them and destroy American ships und
take the lives of American cltlzem
In the willful prosecution of the rutb
less nnVul program they have an
nounced their Intention to adopt. Onlj
actual overt acts on their part ca:
moke me believe It even now.
"If this Inveterate confidence on n
part in the sobriety and prudent fnre
sight of their purpose should unhappll)
prove unfounded; If American ship)
nnd American lives should In fact bi
sacrificed by their naval commander!
In heedless contravention of the just
nnd reasonable understandings of t
terniitloniil law and the obvious die
tntes of humanity, I shall tuke tho 111
crty of coming again before the e
gross, to ask that authority be glrei
me to use any means that may be net
essary for protection of our scnmei
and our people In the prosecution d
their peaceful and legltlmnte errnndi
on the high seas. I can do-notliln
less. I take It for granted that il
neutral governments will take the snrci
course.
"We do not deslro any hostile cot
filet with the Imperlnl German govern
tnent. We are the sincere friends &
tho Germnn peoplo nnd earnestly d
sire to remnln at pence with the g
emment which speaks for them. U'i
shall not believe thnt they are hnstll
to us unless and until we ore oblige
to believe it, and we purpose nothim
more than tho rcnsonublo defense ol
tho undoubted rights of our peopl'
Wo wish to serve no selfish euds. W
seek merely to stand true alike l
thought and In action, to the Inn
morlnl principles of our people whlcl
I sought to express In my address N
tho senate only two weeks ago sed
merely to vindicate our right to HbcrtJ
and an unmolested life. These an
tho bases of peace, not war. Grnni
that we shall not be challenged to (If
fend them by acts of wilful Injustlfl
on tho part of tho government of Ger
many."
Swiss Facing Famine Peril.
Geneva. The Swiss governraenl
held two extraordinary sessions to dl
cuss the German nnd Austrlun not"
regarding tho submarine blockade.
The new situation is considered ser
ous from an economic point, especluW
regarding tho supply of food, the prh1
of which have Increased nearly 55 p"
cent since tho war began. The fcdcrtl,
council announces it Is forced to tut'
special measures to cope with the si'' '
uatlon and' food cards nro expected W,
be Issued. . '
German Public Opinion Firm.
Berlin. The outstanding feature J.
the situation hero Is the unifying
public opinion by tho submnrlne dot" .
slon. - The German press, too, show11;
tho some complete unity. Public d'111,
Ion of nil shades upproves the subm'
rlne decision ns being Germany's o"1'
loglcnl reply to the rejection of tW.
pence proposul. And this decision-,
occasioned no surprise,
After the ententes answer to ll",
pence proposal It was known that
limited submarine, wur would com
sooner or later. ,