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THE FULTON COUNTY NEWS. McCONNELLSBURG, Pa.
DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS
WITH GERMANY ARE BROKEN
BLOCKADE ZONES DECLARED BY KAISER
PRFSinFNT TELLS CONGRESS WHY
sr V BH HBH W W W WW -
WE HAVE BROKEN WITH GERMANY
GERMANY DECLARES
DT
HLESS SEA WAR
Kaiser Warned That Ruthless Sacrifice of
American Lives and Rights
Means War.
PRESIDENT WILSON DEMANDS
Every Agency of the American Government Has Been Set in
Motion to Protect the Country.
Washington. President Wilton bus
broken off diplomatic relations with
Germany and warned tbe Kaiser that
ruthlesi sacrifice of American Uvea
and rights means war.
Similar action is waiting for Aus
tria when she notifies this Govern
ment that she Joins In the campaign
of unrestricted submarine warfare.
The President made formal an
nouncement of bis action to the coun
try and to the world Saturday at a
Joint session of Congress.
Passports have been handed to
Count von Bernstorff; Ambassador
Oarard with all bis staff and all Ameri
can consuls have been ordered out of
Cermany. All German consuls In the
United States are expected to with
draw, that the severance of relations
may be complete. American diplo
matic Interests in Derlin have been
turned over to Spain; German diplo
matic Interests In the United States
have been taken over by Switzerland.
Foreign diplomatic Interests which
the United States had In charge in
Germany have been turned over to
(various neutrals.
Two years of diplomatic negotia
tions, marked with .frequent crisis,
and attended with the loss of more
than 200 American lives on the blgb
seas, have culminated with an act
which in all the history of all tbe
world has always led to war. Every
agency of tbe American Government
has been set In motion to protect the
rountry against acts of German sym
pathizers. These moves are of neces
sity being kept secret.
With the notice of severance of rela
tions tbe United States sent to Berlin
a demand for tbe immediate release of
64 Americans taken from ships cap
tured by German raiders In tbe South
Atlantic.
At the request of the President,
Congress Immediately after hearing
bis address begun work on new laws
framed by the Department of Justice
to check conspiracies and plots against
the United States which cannot now
be reached under existing statutes.
The question of convoying American
merchant ships through the submarine
blockade has been taken up and is be
ing considered as one of tbe next
moves by this Government.
Neutral governments have been noti
fied of tbe action of the United States
and bave openly been Invited to fol
low its action if the new submarine
campaign violates their rights.
The breaking off of relations came
with a crash, despite the fact that It
bad been dlncounted and practically
determined upon Friday nlrh The
President returned from his night con
ference with the Senators determined
that a break In relations was the only
act "consistent with the dignity and
the honor of the United States."
Count von Bernstorff while ap
parently deeply moved, was not sur
prised. His first act was to ask Dr.
Paul Hitter, the Swiss Minister, to
come to the German Embassy and
prepare to take over its affairs. Then
be IVomied bis wife, an American
born woman, of the development and
likewise told the embassy staff. His
passports were not actually delivered
until 2 o'clock in the afternoon. While
tbe President was addressing Congress
One of Secretary Lansing's confidential
assistants called at the embassy and
delivered the passports and a note in
reply to the German declaration.
President Wilson kept himself in
seclusion during the morning, except
for a brief conference with Secretary
Inslng. until ho left the White House
for the Capitol. In preparation for the
bistory-maklng event, the Senate and
House, bad assembled in the hall of
the latter body. Justices of the Su
preme Court had seats on the floor, the
Cabinet sat In a reserved space. Am
bassador Jusserand, of France, occu
pied bis reserved seat in the diplo
matic gallery, which was packed, prin
cipally with neutrals, who came to
hear words of far-reaching Importance
affecting their own governments.
As usual, a committee of Congress
men met the President and escorted
him to the Speaker's dais. The whole
body rose and cheered as the Presi
dent, acknowledging their greeting
without his usual smile, but grim
faced and solemn, look his place at
the clerk's desk and began reading
bis address.
When he told how the German proc
lamation left nothing fcr the honor
and dignity of the United States but
a break In relations and that he had
ordered passports sent to Von Bern
storff and a recall to Mr. Gerard, the
assemblage broke Into a cheer, In
which Republicans and Democrats
alike joined. More applause greeted
his declaration that only an overt act
cculd convince him that Germany In
tended to violate American lives and
rights, and there was prolonged ap
plause and cheering when he conclud
MORE GUARDS FOR WHITE HOUSE
Gates To Grounds Closed and Extra
Police Bar Entrance.
Washington. Additional guards
were thrown about the White House
soon after the President delivered his
epeech to Congress. The gates to the
"White House grounds were promptly
closed and extra police were stallonoU
to keep anyone from entering. News
paper men and others with business
at the Executive offices were passed
jthrouch a special gate, after thry had
RELEASE OF 64 AMERICANS
ed by announcing that should Ameri
can ships and lives sacrificed "in need
less contravention of the just and rea
sonable understandig of lternatlonal
law and the obvious dictates of hu
manity" he would again appear before
Congress to ask authority to "use any
means that may be necessary for the
protection of our seamen and our peo
ple." Guard For Bernstorff and Suite.
Soon after Count von Bernstorff 's
passports arrived United States Secret
Service men threw a guard about tho
Ambassador and bis sulto to make cer
tain that the hospitality of the United
States is net violated while be remains
on American soil. The status of Count
Tarnowskl, the Austrian Ambassador,
was undecided, although he called at
the State Department to arrange for
presenting bis credentials to President
Wilson.
For months, ever since relations with
Germany became acute, there have
been ominous signs of threatened ac
tivities of German sympathizers and
disloyal Americans IX diplomatic re
lations were broken off. The Admin
istration has not been unmindful of
these. Various branches of the Gov
ernment have informed themselves on
tho subject far more completely than
might be thought. Officials express
themselves as satisfied that they will
be able to cope with the situation. In
the array and navy, and In the citizen
ship generally, officials realize that the
composite character of American na
tionality makes it difficult not to find
some persons who will express sympa
thy with the land of their birth.
Senator Thomas Introduced an
amendment to the House Hcvenue bill
proposing an Issue or 1500,000,000 non
lnterestbearing Treasury notes to put
the nation In a "state of naval and
military preparedness."
The amendment was read, but not
discussed. The notes would be pay
able to persons from whom the Gov
ernment purchased munitions, could
be used to pay taxes and would be re
deemable In 1935.
GUARD NAVAL ACADEMY.
Captain Eberle Bars All Visitors
From Government Reservation.
Annapolis, Md. Immediately upon
the receipt of Information from the
Navy Department at Washington of
tbe breaek In diplomatic relations be
tween the United States and Germany,
Capt. Edward W. Eberle, superintend
ent of the Naval Academy, Issued an
order barring all visitors from the
grounds of tbe Government reserva
tion. In accordance with the order of Su
perintendent Eberle, a cordon of
guards was thrown about every en
trance to the Government grounds, and
strict vigilance will be maintained In
every respect. The order also affects
the naval experiment station and the
marine barracks.
Absolutely no one outside of the
midshipmen, residents of the academy,
or employes about the Government
reservation Is admitted.
NEW YORK GUARD CALLED OUT.
Every Arsenal, Armory and Water
Shed Will Be Protected.
New York. The entire National
Guard of New York State and tbe
naval militia wero ordered out by Gov
ernor Whitman after a conference with
MaJ. Gen. John F. O'Ryan.
General O'Hyan was directed to
have every arsenal, armory and water
shed adequately guarded by the militia
men, and Commodore Forshew, of the
naval militia, was ordered to protect
all bridges.
A strict military censorship was
established at National Guard head
quarters Immediately after the Gover
nor's order was Issued. "I think It Is
the patriotic duty of newspapers not
to seek or publish any information con
cerning the use of troops at this time,"
said General O'Ryan.
MAY ABANDON INAUGURATION.
Sentiment Growing For Doing Away
With Public Ceremani.
Washington. While no decision has
been reached officially, there Is a very
decided sentiment In all official quar
ters to abandon the public ceremonies
of Inauguration on March 5 and simply
have the President take the oath cf
office in the White Houre on Sunday,
March 4. The army and navy recep
tion at the White House probably will'
bo abandoned.
Those officials who favor abandon
ing the public ceremonlra feel that
with the President facing stch critical
International affairs th gticd of the
country demands that h-j shall not be
called upon to participate In public
functions.
satisfied the policemen of their
Identity.
In spite of the unusual situation the
Congressional Union for Woman Suf
frage, announced that Its "-ilcketlng"
outsldo of tho White House grounds
would be continued to show that the
women thought they should have a
part in reaching momentous decisions
possibly Involving the nation In war.
Secretary Daniels asked the right to
commandeer all private shipbuilding
and munitions plants with Government
contracts and to operate them.
Gives Notice to Sink Ships
Without Warning.
ro STARVE THE ALLIES
United States Is Notified To Warn
American Ships Against Entering
Barred Zones and To Warn Its Cltl
tens Against Taking Passage Or
Confiding Goods To Ships Destined
For the Allied Ports.
Berlin (by wireless to SayvllK).
The German Government announced
Its decision to adopt a policy o unra
rerved naval warfare, to take effect
February 1.
An official statement Issued by the
German Government announces that
neutral ships plying within certain
new "barred tones" will do so at their
own risk. Precautions will be taken
to protect neutral ships which sailed
for these zones prior to February 1.
Tbe new order amounts practically
to an absolute proscription of shipping
to or from ports of the Entente
nations. A clause in the decree pro
vides that, under certain restrictions,
one vessel a week shall be allowed
to pass between tbe United States and
England.
Neutral are urgently 'advised .to
warn their vessels on the way to ports
In the barred zones and direct them
away from these areas. Neutral ships
In port within barred zones will be
given until February 6 to sail, and
must take the shortest route out of
the restricted areas.
Notification of this new submarine
warfare Is given and the "barred
zones" are defined in an annex to a
note to the United States Government,
referring to President Wilson's recent
address to the Senate, which the Ger
man Government has transmitted to
Washington.
Text Of German Note.
The note which was handed to
James W. Gerard, the American Am
bassador, reads:
"Your Excellency bad the kindness
to communicate on the 22nd of this
month the message which the Presi
dent of the United States on the same
day addressed to tho American Sen
ate. The Imperial Government took
knowledge of the contents of tho mes
sage with that earnest attention which
Is becoming to the explanations of the
President, Inspired by his sense of re
sponsibility.
"It affords her great satisfaction to
state that the general lines of this re
markable manifestation In the widest
cense agree with the principles and
wishes of Germany and her allies. To
these belong In tho first place the right
of self-government and the equal rights
of all nations. Recognizing this prin
ciple, Germany would gladly welcome
It if nations like Ireland and India,
which do not enjoy the blessings of an
Independent state, should now obtain
liberty."
Would Prevent Future Wars.
"Alliances which drive nations Into
competition for hegemony and incline
them towards any selfish Intrigues are
likewise refused by the German peo-
nla. On the other band, it la entnu-
Elastic for co operation In all endeavors
which aim at the prevention of future
wars. The freedom of tbe seas as a
nrcllmtnarv condition for free and
Deaceful Intercouree between nations,
as well as the open door for trade,
always bave been guiding principles
of Gorman policy.
"The Imperial Government all tne
more regrets that the attitudo of the
adversaries, being hostile to peace,
makes it lmDosslble for the world at
present to work out the situation along
these lines. Germany and her allies
were ready to enter Into peace nego
tiations and had Indicated a guarantee
of existence, honor and liberty ns a
basis. Their plans were for evolution,
fi-i was exnresslv stated In the note ol
December 12, 1916, and were not aimed
at the destruction or annihilation of
their adversaries, and in their convic
tion were compatible with the rights
of other nations. As to Belgium, which
Is the subject of wurm-hearted sym
pathy In the United States, the Chan
cellor a few weeks beforehand an
nounced that the annexation of Bel
glum had never formed part of Ger
many's Intentions.
"Germany In the peace to be con
cluded with Belgium merely wanted to
take precautionary measures so that
that country, with which the Imperial
Government wishes to live in good,
neighborly relations, could not be ex
ploited by adversaries for the promo
tion of hostile attempts. Such a pre
caution is all the more urgently need
ed, since hostile persons in power in
repeated speeches, and especially In
the resolutions of the Paris economic
conforence, declared their unveiled In
tention, even after the restoration of
ponce (not?) to recognize Germany as
of equal right, but rather continue to
light in systematic fashion.
Says Allies Have Forced Move.
"The attempt of the four Allied
Powers to bring about peace failed on
account of the lust for conquest of
their adversaries who (do not?) want
peace. Under the pretext of the prin
ciple of nationalities they unveiled as
their war alms opposition to and dis
honor for Germany, Austria-Hungary,
Turkey and Bulgaria. To our desire
1,200 MEN GUARD DOCKS.
Police Boats and Tugs Also Held
Ready In New York Harbor.
New York. Upon the receipt of
special Instructions from Washington,
Dudley Fiold Malone, collector of the
port, conferred with representatives
of the Department of Justice and the
New York police. Nono of those who
Utendod the conference would discuss
vhnt was considered, beyond saying
"int questions relating to a possible
T.crsency were talked over. Mr.
.Ir.lor.e l.iw Increased his force of dock
-20--' ro p ZrWl l 53
I iff isles AlSrir" Jbh
SO t : LWmSJ At 5 3
Africa -v. rllg
SlO IP tO lid m2iO 3X
The forbidden nrea for neutral vessels under Germany's warning Is
bounded by a line running from practically the center of the Netherlands
coust northward, blockading till Denmark and the entrance to the Baltic, to
the outside point of Norway, thence due west, skirting tho southern part of
the Faroe Islands; then west and then south In a grand square 300 or 400
miles to sen off the British Isles, to the Junction of Spain and Portugal, ap
parently leaving the latter country open and affording a 20-mlle snfety cone
along the northern Spanish coast to France. Practically the whole Mediter
ranean Is declared dangerous except a narrow strip almost paralleling the
African const to n point directly south of Greece, from which a 20-mlle path
to Greek tcrrltorlul waters is declared open
for reconciliation they opposed their
will. They want to fight to the last.
"Thus a new situation has sprung
up which forces Germany also to new
decisions. For two years and a half
England adopted political and naval
measures In a critical attempt to force
Germany and Austria-Hungary to sub
jection. Brutally, despite the laws of
nations, the group of powers mar
shaled by England not only prohibits
legitimate trade of Its adversaries. By
reckless pressure keven on neutral
states it stops all trade relations agree
able to It, or forces them to limit their
trade according to its orders.
"The American nation knows the
means taken In order to move Englaud
and her allies to return to the laws of
nations and to respect the law of free
dom of the seas. The British Govern
ment persists In Its war of starvation,
which certainly does not touch the
military strength of Its adversary, but
which forces women and children, the
sick and aged persons to undergo pain
ful privations for their country's sake,
which are harming tbe national
vitality.
Gives Warning To Americans.
"Tbe attempt to establish an under
taking between the adversaries hav
ing been answered by the announce
ment of Intensified warfare, the Im
perial Government must now continue
the war for existence once more forced
upon It by using Its weapons. The
Imperial Government therefore is
forced to do away with the restric
tions which until now it has Impressed
upon the use of Its fighting meane on
the sea.
"Trusting that tho American peoplo
and Us Government will be alive to
these reasons for this decision and for
its necessity, tho Imperial Government
hopes that the United States will ap
preciate the new state of affairs from
the lofty and exalted standpoint of the
Imperial (Government?) and on its
part will also co-operate In order to
avoid further misery and avoidable
sacrifices of human lives.
"Referring as to details of the plan
ned war measures at sea to the an
nexed, the Government at the same
time begs to express Its confidence
that the American Government will
warn American ships against entering
the barred zones described In the
annex and also wll! warn Its citizens
against taking passage on or confiding
goods to ships plying to ports In the
barred zone."
Similar notes have been handed to
the representatives of all neutral gov
ernments. GERMANY'S WARNING TO SHIPS.
Berlin (by wireless to Sayvllle).
Following is the annex referred to in
the German note sent to the United
States:
"From February 1, 1917, within bar
red zones around Great Britain,
France, Italy and in the Eastern Medi
terranean as outlined in the following,
all sea traffic forthwith will be op
posed. Such barred zones are:
"In the North Sea, the district
around England and France which Is
limited by a line 20 nautical miles;
the district along the Dutch coast as
far as the Terschelllng light ship, the
degree of longitude of the Terschelllng
light ship to Udir; a line from there
across the point 62 degrees north lati
tude, 5 longitude, westward along 62
degrees to a point three nautical miles
south of the south point of Farover
(Faroe Islands?), from there across the
point 62 degrees north degrees west,
to 61 degrees north, 15 decrees west;
then 57 degrees north, 20 degrees west,
to 47 degrees north, 20 degrees west;
further to 43 degrees north, 15 degrees
weft; then on degree latitude 43 de
grees north to the point 20 nautical
miles from Cape Flnlsterre, and 20
nautical miles distance along the
Spanish north coast as far as tho
French frontier.
"Concerning the South, In the Medi
terranean: For neutral shipping there
remains open the sea district west of
a line from Pt da Les Paquett to 38
guards and special Inspectors until be
now has more than 1,200 men under
tils command.
FRANCE TO MOBILIZE NATION.
Plan Includes All Persons Between
Ages Of 16 and 60.
Paris. The Government has decided
to mobilize, for purposes contributing
to the national defense, the entire
civilian population of France of both
sexes between the ages of 16 and 60.
This plan is now under study by tbe
various ministries concerned.
degreos 20 minutes north and 6 de
grees east, as well as north and west
of a zone 60 sea miles broad along
the North African coast, beginning on
(2) degrees west longitude.
"In order to connect this sea dis
trict with Greece, the zone leads 20
sea miles in width north or at, follow
ing this line: 38 degrees north and 6
degrees east, 38 degrees north and 11
degrees 30 minutes east to 34 degrees
north and 11 degrees 30 minutes east
to 34 degrees north and 22 degrees 30
minutes cast. From there It leads to
a zone 20 sea miles broad west of 2'i
degrees 30 minutes east long, Into
Greek territorial waters.
"Neutral ships plying within the bar
red zones do so at their own risk. Al
though precautions are being taken to
spare neutral ships which on February
1 are on the way to ports In the barred
zone, during an appropriate delay, yet
It Is urgently to bp advised that they
should be warned and directed to other
routes by all means available.
"Neutral ships lying In ports of the
barred zones can with the same safety
abandon the barred zones If they sail
before February 6 and lake the short
est route into tho open district..
"Traffic of regular American passen
ger steamers can go on unmolested If:
"A Falmouth is taken aa the port
of destination, and If,
"U On the going and return Jour
ney the Scilly Islands, as well as the
point CO degrees north, 20 degrees
west, be steered on. Along this route
no German mines will be laid.
"C If steamers on this Journey bear
the following special signals, which
only they will be permitted to display
in American ports: A coating of white
paint on the ship's hull, and the super
structure In vertical stripes three
metres broad, alternating white and
red; on every most a large flag of
checkered white and red, on the stern
the American national flag; during
darkness the national flag and the coat
of paint to be easily recognizable as
possible from a distance; and the ships
must be completoly and brightly Illu
minated. "D If only one steamer, runs each
week in each direction, arriving at Fal
mouth on Sundays, leaving Falmouth
on Wednesdays.
"E If guarantees and assurances
are given by the American Government
that these steamers carry no contra
band (according to the German list of
contraband).
"Two copies of maps on which the
barred zones are outlined are added."
GERMANY TO FIGHT TO END.
Berlin (via London). Chancellor
von Bcthmann-Hollweg and other
Ministers attended an important meet
ing of tho Ways and Means Commit
tee of the Reichstag, at which the en
tire war situation was gone over and
new steps planned by the Central
Powers were considered. The Chan
cellor Is quoted as saying: "On De
cember 12 I explained to the Reich
stag the reasons which led to our
peace offer. The reply of our op
ponents clearly and precisely said that
they declined peace negotiations with
us and want to hear only of a peace
which they dictate. By this the wholo
question of guilt for the continuation
of the war Is decided. The guilt falls
alone on our opponents. Just as def
inite Is our task. The conditions of
the enemy we cannot discuss. They
could only be accepted by a totally
defeated people. It, therefore, means
that we must fight.
"But what are tbe peace conditions
of the Entente? Germany's defensive
force Is to be destroyed, we to lose
Alsace-Lorraine and our Eastern prov
Inces, the Danube monarchy to be dis
solved. Bulgaria again to be cheated
of her national unity, and Turkey to
be pushed out of Europe and smashed
In Asln. The destructive designs of
our opponents cannot be expressed
more strongly. We have been chal
lenged to fight to the end. We accept
the challenge we stake everything and
shall be victorious."
ASKS ALLIES TO END BLOCKADE.
Greece Urges That Demands Have
Been Complied With.
London. A request has been made
for the raising of the Greek blockade,
on the grounds that the demands of
the Entente Allios, Including in great
measure the transfer of troops to the
South, have been compiled with. No
reply has been sent, but some arrange
ments may bo made to relievo the Im
mediate necessities of the.' poorer
classes without actually raising toe
blockade.
Washington, Feb. 3. President Wil
son, In nn address to a Joint session
of congress, told bis reasons for break
ing off diplomatic negotiations with
Germany. He said:
"To tho congress, February 8, 1017.
Gentlemen of the Congress :
"The Imperial German government
on the 31st of January announced to
this government uml to the govern-'
incuts of the other neutral nations
thut on nnrl nftcr the 1st (lay of Febru
ary, tbe present month, It would adopt
a policy with rognrd to tho use of
submarines ognlnst all shipping seek
ing to puss through certain designated
areas of the high seas to which It is
clearly my duly to call your attention.
"Let me remind the congress thut
on the 18th of April last, In view of
the sinking on the 24lh of March of
the cross Channel passenger steamer
Sussex by a German submarine, with
out summons or warning, and the con
sequent loss of the lives of scvernl
citizens of tho United States, who
wero passengers aboard her, this gov
ernment addressed a note to the Im
perial German government In which It
made the following declarations:
" 'If It still be the purpose of the Im
perial government to prosecute relent
less and Indiscriminate warfare
ngnlnst vessels of commerce by the
uso of submarines without regard to
what tho government of the United
States must consider the sacred and
Indisputable rules of International law
and the universally recognized dic
tates of humnnlty, the government of
tho United States Is nt last forced to
the conclusion that tboro Is but one
course It can pursue. Unless the Im
perial government should now and Im
mediately declare and effect an aban
donment of Us present methods of
submnrlne warfare ngnlnst passenger
and freight carrying vessels, tho gov
ernment of the United States can have
no choice but to sever diplomatic re
lations with the German empire alto
gether.' "In reply to this declaration the Im
perial Gorman government gave this
government the following assurance:
"'The Germnn government Is pre
pared to do Its utmost to confine the
opcrntlnns of the war for the rest of
Its duration to the fighting forces of
tho belligerents, thereby also assuring
the freedom of the sons, a principle
upon which the German government
believes, now as before, to be In agree
ment with the government of tho
United States.
"'The German government, guided
by this idea, notifies the government
of the United States that the German
naval forces have received the follow
ing orders: In accordance with the
general principles of visit and search
and destruction of merchant vessels
recognized by International Inw, such
vessels, both within and without the
nrea declared as nnval war zone,
declared as naval wnr zone, shall not
be sunk without warning and without
saving human lives, unless these ships
attempt to escape or offer resistance.
"'But,' It added, 'neutrals cannot
expect that Germany, forced to fight
for her existence, shall, for the snke of
neutral Interests, restrict the use of on
effective weapon If her enemy Is per
mitted to continue to apply at will
methods of warfare violating the rules
of International law. Such a demand
would be incompatible with the char
acter of neutrality, und the Germnn
government is convinced thnt the gov
ernment of the United States docs not
think of making such a demand,
knowing that the government of the
United States has repeatedly declared
that It Is determined to restore the
principle of the freedom of the sens,
from whatever quurter it has been vio
lated.' "To this the government of tho Unit
ed States replied on the eighth of May,
accepting, Of course, the assurance giv
en, but adding:
"'The government of tho United
States feels It necessnry to state that
It tnkes it for granted that the Im
perial Gorman government does not
intend it to imply thnt the maintenance
of its newly announced policy Is in any
way contingent upon tho course of re
sults of diplomatic negotiations be
tween the government of tho United
States and other belligerent govern
ments, notwithstanding the fact that
Certain passages In the Imperial gov
ernment's note of the fourth Instant
might oppeur to be susccptlblo of that
Construction. In order, however, to
avoid any possible misunderstanding,
the government of tho United States
notifies the Imperial government that
It cannot for a moment entertain,
much less discuss, a suggestion thnt
respect by germnn nnval authorities
for the rights of citizens of tho United
States upon tho high sens should in
nny way In the slightest degree be
made contingent upon tho conduct cf
any other government affecting the
rights of neutrals and noncombntunts.
Torpedo Boat Coals.
Charlotte, N. C The torpedo boat
Bngloy, being used ns n mine Inycr,
unexpectedly nppenred nt Morehend
City, N. C, nnd took on a full supply
of coal. Her officers refused to dis
cuss a report that the harbor was to
bo mined.
Patrol San Francisco Harbor.
Son Francisco. Collector of the
Port J. O. Davis has put tho Golden
Gnte nnd the lower bay under torpedo
boat pntrol to Insure neutrality.
Chilean Journal Supports U. 8.
Vulparulso, Chile Commenting on
the German unrestricted naval war
fare announcement, the Influential
Morcurlo says:
"Germany rntnlnod the friendship of
the United States solely by means of
promises never fulfilled. Tho Interests
of neutrals havo been more nnd more
prejudiced."
The newspnper expresses admiration
for the policy of the United States
government, "which demands from
Germany the right of neutral states to
have tliclr commerce free."
Responsibility In such matters j
single, not Joint; absolute, not rol,
tlve.'
"To this note of the eighth of iu,
the Imperial German government made
no reply. On tho thirty-first of Jung
ary, the Wednesday of the prcsi
week, tho Germnn ambassador hand;
to the secretary of state, along wlih ,
formal note, a memorandum wliitj
contains the following statements:
"'Tho Imperial government. Hip
fore, does not doubt thnt tho govir&
inent of the United States will under
sland tbe situation thus forced uki
Gcrmnny by tbe entente allies' brum
methods of wnr nnd by their determlm.
tlon to destroy the central powers, ant
thnt the government of the UnltM
stutes will further realize that tbt
now openly disclosed Intentions of tl,.
entente allies give bock to German)
the freedom of action which she r
served In her note addressed to tlx
government of tho United States oi
May 4. 1010.
"'Under these circumstances &t
many will meet the Illegal measure
of her enemies by forcibly preventing
after February 1, 1017. In a xow
around Great Britain, France, Italy
and In the eastern Mediterranean it
nnvlgntlnn, thnt of neutrals Include
from and to England nnd from and it
Franco, etc., etc. All ships met wlthli
the znno will be sunk.
"I think thnt you will agree with nn
that, In view of this declaration. whM
suddenly nnd without prior Intltmitlm
of nny kind deliberately withdraw
tho solemn nssurnncc given In the &
perlnl government's note of the fmirtl
of May, 1010. this government him m
nlte.rnntlve consistent with the dlCTltj
nnd honor of the United States, hut n
tnko the course which. In Its note 4
tho eighteenth of April, 1910, It u
nnuncod thnt It would tnke In tt.i
event thnt the German government M
not declnrc nnd effect nn abandoning
of the methods of submarine warfun
which It was then employing ami it
which It now purposes again to n
sort.
"I have, therefore, directed the n
rotary of state to announce to bis n
cclleney the German amhassndor tin'
nil diplomatic relations between tin
United States nnd the German einpln
are severed nnd thnt tho American an
bnssndor nt Berlin will be Immedlntrij
withdrawn, nnd In accordance nit!
this decision to hand to Ms excclli orj
his passports.
"Notwithstanding this unoxpootn
action of tho German government
this sudden nnd deeply deplored n
nunclntinn of Its assurances, rIvh
this government nt one of the mo
critical moments of tension In the rt
lntlons of the two governments. I n
fuse to believe thut It Is the Intentloc
of tho German authorities to do U
fact what they have warned us tlifj
will feel at liberty to do. I cannm
bring myself to believe thnt they nil
Indeed pay no regard to the anew
friendship between their people ni
our own or to the solemn obllgiitlorj
which hnve been exchanged betwcM
them nnd destroy American ships nnd
tako the lives of American eltlzmi
In the willful prosecution of the ruth
less nnul program they have ad
nounced their Intention to adopt. Onlj
nctunl overt acts on their part a:
make mo believe It even now.
"If this Inveterate confidence on rn)
part In the sobriety nnd prudent for
sight of their purpose should unhnppll
prove unfounded; If American ship
nnd American lives should In fact tx
sacrificed by their naval cominnmleii
In heedless contravention of the Jut
nnd reasonable understandings of It
ternntlonal law and the obvious dlt
tntes of humanity, I shall take tho lit
crty of coming again before the cot
gross, to ask that authority be glTfi
me to use any means thnt may be net
essnry for protection of our seainet
and our people In the prosecution f
their peaceful and legitimate errnnit
on the high seas. I can donothln
less. I take It for granted that il
neutral governments will tnke the sunn
course,
"Wo do not deslro nny hostile co
fllct with the Imperlul German govert
ment. We are tho sincere friends (
thu Germnn peoplo nnd earnestly d
sire to remain at peace with the C"f
eminent which speaks for them. Wi
shall not believe thnt they are lmtl!t
to us unless and until we are otM
to believe It, and we purpose notlilni
more than tho reasonable defense ol
tho undoubted rights of our pop"
Wo wish to serve no selfish ends. M
seek merely to stand true alike
thought and In action, to the Inn
mortal principles of our people whlrt
I sought to express In my address t
tho senuto only two weoks ago s
merely to vlndlcnte our right to Illertj
and an unmolested life. These an
tho bases of peace, not war. Gran
that we shall not be challenged to i'
fend them by acts of wilful InJustW
on tho part of tho government of Cef
muny." '
Swiss Facing Famine Peril.
Geneva. Tho Swiss governraf
hold two extraordinary sessions to
cuss the German nnd Austrian noi
regarding tho submarine blockade. '
The new situation Is considered sort,
ous from tin economic point, especial
regarding tho supply of food, the prlc
of which have Increased nearly D5 p
cent since tho war began. Tho fcdoril,
council announces It is forced to Uv
speclul measures to cope with the s"'
uatlon and' food cards ore expected "
be issued. . ':
German Public Opinion Firm. '
Berlin. The outstanding fentura JJ
the situation here Is the unifying "
nubile oninlon by the submnrlne ded''
slon. . The Gorman press, too, sho1
tho same complete unity. Public p"v
Ion of all shades approves the sul"1"
rlne decision ns being Germany's oU
loglcnl reply to tho rejection of tl":
pence proposul. And this decisions
occasioned no surprise. f
After the entente's answer to tl:
pence proposal It was known that u" k
limited Buhinurlnq wur would c"" j
I sooner or later, k