' k ,&iSti! ' ffflHH II tBEnsssC" Ht m t I Mil I A PORTRAIT BY JO HN TRUMBULL, 1790. lis a member of Washington's staff during the war. Trumbull had an op portunity to see the General during some of the most trying and Important Incidents of his career. His paintings uniformly show Washington In action, and are full of fire. Many rontempor rles gave Trumbull first place for likeness. with my eear general, I rejoice the blessings of a peace whan our noble ends have been secured. Re member our Valley Forge times; and, from a recollection of past dangers and labors, we shall be stM more ii1pm5-iI at our present romfoitatiio situation. I cannot but envy the hap piness of my grandchlMron, wficn i ...mi t. Aknni tulnhrnMn,? and I lid: V Will UQ 9kUJW m worshiping your name. To have oue of their ancestors nmong your ailHIpra tn know he had the goon fortune to be the friend of your heart, will be the eternal honor In wtnrn they Bhall glory." The poet Shelley, aboard an Amer- ahin Hrinklnir to the health of Washington and the prosperity or the Ameriean commonwealth, ramarked: "As a warrior and statesman lie was righteous la all be lld, -.mllke all who lived before or since; he never used his power, but for the benefit of bis follow creatures." The origin of Washington's birth day as a holiday Is stated as follows: On February 22. 1783, a number of gentlemen met In a New York tavern to celebrate the great general's birth day. They then agreed to assemble In future on that day, celebrating it with odes and toasts. Washington's ascendancy shortly after to the Presi dency gave a new zest to the "an nual," o that In time It became general, and finally grew Into a "le gal holiday," the people demanding it for a custom. The Woman Without a Home Problem of Destitution That Faces the Independent Worker What is the Solution ? J J -J J J WASHINGTON RELICS YORK CITY. IN NEW l$q0er)tTrib0te5 to Father of hp QoOotry-. ORN upon our soli ofja- rents also born upon It never for a moment hav ing had sight of the old world Instructed ac cording to the modes of his time, only In the pare, plain, but wholesome elemen tary knowledge which our institutions provide for the childen of the peo gde growing up beneath and pen etrated by the genuine influences of American eoclety living from Infancy to manhood and age amidst our ex panding, but not luxurious civiliza tion partaking In our great destiny of labor, our long contest with unre claimed nature and uncivilized man our agony of glory, the War of Inde pendence our great victory of peace, the formation of the union, and the establishment of the constitution be U all, all our own. Washington Is OUTS." opposite Fredericksburg. The father was one of the prosperous planters of Virginia, able to give his chll dren what education the times could afford. The first teacher of George is reputed to have been a convict, whom his father bought for the purpose. All of Washington's schooling ended before he was sixteen. His long and brilliant career as a soldier and statesman has given to history some of Its most Interesting pages. ""t was strange," wrote Thackeray, "that in a Bnvaige forest of Pennsy! vanla a young Virginia officer shoul fire a shot and waken up a war thai was to last for sixty years, Which was to cover his own country and pass Into Europe, to cost France her American colonies, to sever ours from us and create the great Western re public; to rage over the Old World when extinguished In the New; and, of all the myriads engaged In the WASHINGTON'S WRITING TABLE. Now In City Hall. It was the most Important piece of furniture In the President's office at Federal Hall, in Wall Street. WASHINGTON'S DESK AND DESK SEAT. . Now In City Hall. At this desk the Father of His Country is said to have penned his first message to Congress. The first public celebration of Washington's birthday occurred on Washington's Headquarters at Valley Forge. Washington and Baron Steuben Walk ing Through the Camps at Val ley Forge. General Huntington's Headquarters. VJe'come.to.fhe QOy return, Deorer still aj adc flou,j lOhile the torch of Faith 15 bum: Lon aj Freedom' attorj jjlou! ism- The foregoing was written by Dan iel WebBter In regard to the Father of His County. "He was the first man of the time In which he grew," wrote Rufus Chbate. "His memory la first and most sacred In our love; and ever, hereafter, till the last drop of blood shall freeze In the last Ameri can heart, his name shall be a spell of power and might. There la one per sonal, one vast, felicity which no man can share with him. It was the dally beauty and towering and matchless glory ol his life which enabled him to create hlB country, and at the same time secure an undying love and re gard from the whole American Peo ple. Undoubtedly there were brave and wlbe and good men before his day In every colony. But the Amer ican nation as a nation, I do not reck on to have begun before 1774, and hi. w love of that young America was Washington. The first word ahe iiri win his name. Her earliest hr.i,th Doke it. It Is still her proud ejaculation. It will bo the last gasp of her expiring life. About and around Kim o call un no dissentient, dis cordant and dissatisfied elements, no nr.Uoual m-eludlce or bias, no party, no creed, no dogma of politics. None t these shall assail him. Yea, when tin- etorm of buttle grows darkest and rases highest, the memory of Wash ington ntiaii nerve every American arm and cheer every American heart. It shall Telllume that Promethean fire, that sublime flame of patriotism, that devoted love of country which nil words have commended, which his example has consecrated." The story of George Washington's life is an old one, but the salient facts will bear repeating. He was born at Wakefield, Westmoreland Oouaty, Virginia, February 22, 1732, lived from 1735 to 173S at what Is now Mount Vernon, and when he was even years old be was taken to an estate en tho Rappahannock, almas vast contest, to leave the prize of the greatest fame with him who struck the first blow." THE ATHENAEUM PROTRAIT OP WASHINCITU.N. ' MMswiSssw8aVSBvu TBMEpaetlasg8v 'S3 ee. The hero vOhom it p-avc u 51 umbering on a morher'j brcajf; . For rhe arm he stretched To ' sayV uj, Be itj morn forever folejMv Oliipr Upncp Hompj February 11,1784, and the anticipated occasion was thus alluded to by the Pennsylvania Packet of February 17, same your: "Wednesday last being the birth day of His Excellency, General Wash lngton, the same was celebrated hero by all the true friends of American Independence and constitutional lib erty, with that hilarity and manual decorum attendant on the sons ol freedom. In the evening an enter tainment was given on board the Eas India ship in the harbor, to a very brilliant and respectable company, and a discharge of thirteen cannot, was fired upon the joyful occasion.' One of the must unpopular farmers In Tazewell county I, as a cruzy quilt made of piecea of trousers which he took away from his dog In water melon time. TEMPLE HILL MONUMENT, New Windsor. By Gilbert Stuart. After painting the crowned heads of Europe, Stuart confessed thut he lost his selt-possosslou when Wash ington first sat tor him. The first at tempt wub a failure. He afterwards painted several portraits of which this is unquestionably the best. As to the esteem and affection In which the name and character of Washington were held one cannot do better than quote Lafayette, who wrote from Francs as follows: "Were you but such a man as Juli us Caesar, or the King of Prussia. I should almost be sorry for you at thu end of the great tragedy where you are acting ucb 4 part. But, Apparently a now problem Is open ing for the independent woman who desires to win her own way in the world. What Is to become of her when she Is obliged to step aside be cause of age and through her Inde pendence has lost her foothold In som3 home? Woman, as a sex, has been working long enough now to bring this question to the front. Mrs. Gabrlelle Stewart Mulliner, a lawyer, of this city, has discovered In her practice that there Is such a problem here, and she Is trying to find some solution that Bhe can offer to those who find themselves face to face with It. "In the evolution of the woman question, which was started when education was first permitted to women, and the early colleges and schools were opened to them to give somo outlook beyond their domestic duties," said she, "there have been many unexpected and Interesting de velopments. One that Is only now making itself apparent Is the dis posal of the Independent women wage earners who find themselves after a life of Independence pushed aside for other and younger women and without the means of making u livelihood. "In my own acquaintance there are about one hundred such women who are the natural outcome of the breaking up 01 the home in which In the last generation there was a cen tre about which revolved slaters daughters, aunts, cousins or other re lations who earned their living by being useful In the home making and who had a distinct and valued place in the economics of the house In those days a man was expected to have a home and to support the worn en In It. He probably thought that he did actually support any addi tional member of the family who, for her board and lodging, was like a second mother to the children and did a share of the housework other wise apportioned to servants. "When, however, the woman rela' tlon started out to earn dollars and to pay her board the servant girl ques tlon became aggressive, for the rea son, I think, that a paid servant could not fill the place made vacant by the willing relative. And that meant In many Instances the breaking up of the home life and the moving Into small apartments. "From the standpoint of the worn an relative it looked very much brighter, I have no doubt, for a time. She learned all the varlouB profes sions and trades, and earned enough to pay her board In a bouse where she had no care. She was free and in dependent, and that was good so long as It lasted. We have only now be gun to see what the next turn of the wheel will bring, as the system of In dependent life for women Is only now rounding up. "The women of Independence, whether in trade or profession, have been free lances just long enough to grow old, and by scores they are ar riving at the time when the next generation Is coming on to take their places. They find themselves dis missed from their places becauso they are not so active as they were, or be causo new methods aro learned by the newer employes, or because they are not as attractive to look upon as the younger women, or because they show signs of tire or Inactivity, or nerves, or because of other reasons. The reasons may or may not bo arbl trary, but the fact remains that the older women are forced out of their positions. And when, with their small savings, they Bet about to find other work they discover that they are not wanted. "In a short time their a-lngs dwindle and they find themselves without the ability to pay tho weekly demand for board. They are asked to leave to make way for better pay ing boarders, and before they realize quite what has happened they are ac tually beggars. All the Ignis fatuus of Independence, of freedom from home ties, of ability to buy ready made dresses and restaurant food comes to nothing In the face of the actual result of the system which not only allows women to be pusheu Into the world, but forces them In. "I have seen this tragedy enacted so frequently In the last year or two that It ceases to be Individual, but rather a class distinction. "The appalling thing about It is that It faces every woman who has not her established home connections, where there Is a breadwinner making It possible for her to earn her living by domestic artB, where she la net Bubject to dismissal or the whim of some one higher up. The most. Inde pendent woman who is earning her own living by her own efforts Is com ing to the same crossroud, and will find that she 1b not able to earn her living In competition with the younger women, und that unless she marries and makes a home of bur own, or forms a family connection with some other person's home, in which she 'makes herself good' other than by paying board, she will also met the conditions presented to oth ers. It Is difficult to cite Instances without Infringing upon what is known as privileged communications, and I know that the stories of the lives of many women have been told to me very freely because my profes sion binds niu to respect confidences. Thore are, however, a few Instances which can be told without harm. "I know of an elderly woman who was one of the pioneer women In tho employment of the city as a secre tary to one of the public bureaus. Even before the days of stenogra phers she was taking charge of the correspondence of the offlco on a small salary, carrying the work of tho incumbent of the office, who was handsomely paid. Later she learned stenography, and has for many years hetd her position. Last summer I honrd from herself her story, telling of her life of economy, living tn one room and enjoying her independence, getting ber own meals 011 a small gus tlame, and so on, free and inde pendent. The work of the bureau has changed in character somewhat; others have come into It, and she sees her discharge In the near fu ture, as she confesses that she is kept on as a matter of courtesy large ly and that wilt not continue long. She has not been able to lay by more than a pittance In savings, and she la worried as to her future. About one week after she does not meet her rent she will join the list of women with out a home. "Another woman I knew was a school teacher who had received one of tho small salaries considered by the city to bo enough to live on. She had grown old In the service and had been dismissed. Her savings! were Hearing the end. One time she said to me: 'I will have enough to live on as long as I live, It I am not fool enough to live too long.' But she did. And later I beard her story of bolng without a place to go. "A friend came Into my office Just before Christmas. She bad been a successful woman In business, but had met with reverses. I knew that she had been dispossessed a few weeks before from her place of busi ness, as she could not meet the monthly rent. I bad not, however, realized that she was so near the end of her bank account until she said: 'I cannot pay my hotel bill, and I can not go back there until I get money enough to pay It. I do not know where to spend the night.' I naked her about the relatives she had near the city, and learned that this and that one were entertaining relatives, and could not receive a visit from her, and she was actually without a person to turn to or a place to go for the night. A few months before she had considered herself a successful, Independent woman. That I secured for her a Christmas Invitation was a matter of small import in the large question presented, for if I had not happened to be In my office when she called she would have been 'on the city.' "One woman of perhaps sixty, ot fine appearance, came to me for as sistance. She had been a correspon dent for newspapers and periodicals, and bad a wide reputation A series of failures in her material left her without enough to pay ber bill at the little hotel, and the landlord bad threatened to call In the police 'and send her 'up,' as sho told him she had no place to go. I secured for her some private charity for a few days and then sent her to the Organized Charities. My experience with that organization In that instance has not made me wish to try that source of help for any other person. There was &o relief given to this woman'; a long line of investigation was opened up, and meantime she sat on the park benches, making up her mind not to end It nil in the East River. "At one time I investigated the matter of homes for Indigent women and found that every home wjib filled to the limit, and all the cheap lodg ing houses were overflowing. If a woman comes to me to-day, without a home, or on the point of being dis possessed, I confess I would not know where to send her. Yet there are a dozen persons of my acquaintance 'who are on the verge of this very sit uation. "Last week I learned of a young woman who returned to her room one evening after an unsuccessful effort to secure a p,uce as a maid, to find a notice that she must vacate that night. She had been hungry for days. That night there was a trag edy enacted, and the light went out from one of the brightest young women of a Western city, who tried to be Independent In New York. "Tho young woman who tries and fallB, however, has a much better outlook that the older woman who has tried and succeeded and outlived her usefulness. The spectacle of women battling with the problem of earning a living In the business world, while home making Is going to tho dogs for want of efficient help, and hotoU are filled with bachelors who do not see their way to main taining homes of their own because Of the dlfflllCllltV mi Hurnrini, II,, j feminine touch. Is, to my mind, the deplorable outcome of the emancipa tion of women from housework. "I believe that this whole upset i ting of the domestic circle has been J for tho purpose of demonstrating that there Is a value to housework that the woman who stays in the borne iu earning her living, and -should not be considered as of the supported class. But it also demon strates that the old theory of 'the strong oak and clinging vine" was good, and I trust that the old order of thlngB which kept the women from going out to earn wages or foes or salaries will again prevail." New York Tribune. 21,7f7 DIE OF HNAKF, HITff. Record of a Single Year In India Wild Beasts Kill 20M. The number of persons killed In India in 1905 by wild beasts was 2064, as against 2157 in the previous year, and tho number of deaths re ported from snake bite (21,797) Is also a little smallerthan that of 1904. A feature of the 1906 returns Is the Increase In the number of deaths, both of human beings and cattle, at tributed to leopards. It Is suggested by a writer In Bally's Magazine that these beasts seek their prey more readily than they used to do In the neighborhood of villages. The fact that more licenses to possess firearms were held in 1905 than in the pre vious year may be noticed, but It has long been recognized that it Is Im possible to discover any relation be tween the number of firearms In na tive hands and the number of deaths from wild beasts. During 1905 inoro dangerous wild beasts were killed than In 1904. The official figures are: Tigers, 1355; leopards, 4 811; bears, 223C; wolves, 2016, and hyenas, 554. Well known man-eating tigers were killed In sev eral districts. A regular crusado against wolves has been carried on in parts of the Central Provinces, where these brutes are most numerous and most troublesome. To the success of tho campaign no doubt may be attributed the great decrease In the number of persons killed by wolves In 1904, 244; in 1905, only 153. Before dlmlsslng this subject It Is worth noting that tho Bengal Government in September last offered a special reward of Rb. 200 for a man-eating tiger which killed seven persons last year in Ooll kera Forest, Slngbhum district. The ordinary reward for a tiger Is Rs. 40. WORDS OF WISDOM. Temptations are a file which rubs off much of the gust of self-confl-dence. Fenelon. The first thing a kindness deserves Is acceptance; the next Is transmis sion. George MacDonald. Let us labor to make the heart grow larger as we become older, as the spreading oak gives more shelter. Richard Jeffries. Dqn't say things. What you are stands over you all the while and thunders so that I cannot hear what you say. Elbert Hubbard. A man is known by three things: By his conduct in money matters, his behavior at the table, and his de meanor when angry. The Talmud. Great battles are really won before they are actually fought. To control our passions we must govern our hab its, and keep watch over ourselves In the small details of everyday life. Sir John Lubbock. Make yourself necessary to the world, and mankind will give you bread, and if not store of It, yet such as shall not take away your property In all men's possessions, In all men's affections, In art. In nature, and In hope. Emerson. God's thoughts are not as our thoughts. Dear as our happiness Is to Htm, there Is something within us which Is more precious In Hie sight. It is of far less consequence, tn any divine estimate of things, how much a man Buffers than what a man Is. Austin Phelps. Let us cultivate and reverently cherish the honest indignations ot our nature, for they are the life and fire that is In us. God has given them; and the man is most happy who has them the warmest, the truest, the least wrenched by preju dice, the least dulled by sense and sin. Phillips Brooks. The destiny of the nations lies far more In the hands of women the mothers than in the hands of those who possess power, or those who are Innovators, who seldom understand themselves. We must cultivate wom en, who are the educators of the human race, else a new generation cannot accomplish its task. Froebel An Unfriendly lk-ar: David Kyler, a farmer, went fpx hunting with a shotgun recently. In the course of his search he encoun tered a bear, which, without waiting for the call of time, boxed Mr. Kyler on the ear, bit his arm, kicked him when he had htm down, and other wise gave evidence of an unfriendly disposition. Mr. Kyler at the first opportunity fired two loads of shot Into the bear's face and then, seizing a guarled club, smote bis adversary with such vio lence that the bear curled up and died. At that Juncture Game Warden Flnuegan appeared. "Don't you know that this Is the closed soason tor bears?" he asked of the victor. "Yes: and It's the olosed season for men, too, by heck," averred Mr. Ky ler, panting from his recent exortlon. "That bjear ought to be locked up." Holldaysburg (Pa.) Dispatch to New York Times. Marrying a girl against the wishes of her parents Is, nest to murder, the most severely puuisbable crime iu Lapland. Brides Who Stay at Home. According to old and established custom In Japan, the eldest child, whether male or female, must, under all circumstances, abide at and In herit the borne. By this means a con tinuous succession is assured, and the estates cannot pass Into the hands 0 strangers. From this arrangement it follows of necessity that no eldest child can murry and live with an eldest child of the opposite sex. When an heiress weds her husband must assume the family name. A similar custom prevails In cer tain families among the people ot the Basque Provinces, In the north of Spain. An eldest son among them Is not allowed to marry an eldest daughter, If both are first born. In this case, too, the husband of any eldest daughter takes up bis resi dence under his wife's roof und adopts her name, which Is thus trans mitted to their children. Feat In Bricklaying. In the erection of tbe House of Representatives office building, ad jacent to the United States Capitol at Washington, an Interesting tact has developed In connection with the brick masonry work. The first brick was laid at the Bite on the afternoon of July 6, 1905, and on July 3, 1906, there had been laid In tbe walls 11, 000,000 brick. This ts believed to be the greatest uumber of brick laid on any building In one year in the United States, and probably in the world. One of the causes conducing to this record-breaking feat was he remarkably "open" winter of 1905 '08. In those winter months tbe work continued almost without in terruption from either snow or cold, and not more than twelvu or fifteen 'lays were lost during the entire win ter fey reason of weather conditions. Scientific American. The receipts of tbe French Tobacco Monopoly In August were (200,000 above the average. The cause of this Is satd to be the closing of the schools for the holidays wben the school boys were tree and could smoke elgarettea. STALK. Tht Chines had the printing nen ulnae wnm i ooy, And printed all the news, I guess, About the fall of Troy. Tlif thinjr that ours we proudly caQVi Machines to reap snd aow The Cliinrnc knew about thm all Six tb .-i- n 1 years ago. Gunpowder, pPr, ice cream, ateel They knew about e:irh one Before the Toman placed hia heol The conquered world upon. They hit on everything, 'twould seem, ' And I've no doubt, oh no! -J Some Chinese noet mod tliia theme, riix thouaend yenra ago. -Pick Me Up. ) "How an- you getting on with yom titled sfin-ln-law?" "Better," an swered Mr. Cumrcx; "we are both getting SO we don't feel so much like laughing every time we see each oth er." Washington Star. "Woman, you played me false." The words remained unuttered, but that Is doubtless what the long suf fering piano would have said had it been endowed with the power of speech. Chicago Dally News. While lot r.f them are standing pat, ,s t liy wire standing on the stump, Still, having seen where they are at, They're getting ready tor a jump. Indianapofift News. "Corporations will have to cease using money to Influence legislation," "Well," answered Mr. Duetto Stax, "a lot of corporations have about all they want and will be perfectly will, lug to cut down expenses." Wash lngton Stcr. Certainly, "You'll miss mo when I'm gone," he said reproachfully, after the quarrel. "Yes, and I'd probably miss you before you go if I had anything to throw at you," she rejoined, between sobs. Chicago Dally News. "That young woman Is not intelli gent, amiable or even decently cour teous." "Oh, but her father Is worth a million dollars." "Then I think she should be required to display a notice to that effect." Louisville Courier-Journal. Dear Lizzie: Don't bother with chaps who are poor; Look out for a fellow with money in stead ; Though the way may accm thorny, I bid you be sure, A fool and bis money are speedily wed. -WfV "Walt a minute till I get my clothes off!" came a shrill voice from the back end of the cable car. All the strap-holders turned their heads as one man. It was a small boy striv ing to drag off the hamper containing his mother's washing. Judge. Mother (who has been asked to suggest a game for a rainy after noon) "Why don't you pretend you are ma? And George can be daddy. Then you might play at housekeep ing." Daughter "But, mother, we've quarreled once already!" Punch. "Lemme see," said the man with the shrewd face; "veal or chicken, eh? Which costs the most?" "Dat doan' make no difference, suh," the waiter explained; "dis Is a table d'hote " "O! I know, but which costs tho proprietor the most?" Philadelphia Press. Patient "Isn't it a bit queer that when you are ill you call In another doctor instead of treating yourself? You ought to know more about your own system than anybody else." Dr. Pellet "That's Just it. I know so much about myself that tt doesn't leave me any room for guessing." Getting Away From the Past. "In my plans for your new home," sayB tbe architect, "I have provided for a large, ornate frieze In the hall." "Don't want It," asserts Mr. Conjeeled. "What?" "Not a bit of it. Can't take any chances on hav ing some one being reminded that I used to drive an Ice wagon." Judge. Where Dishonor is Due. We have been "talked about" for printing several Items of news about people who lived here that "brought dlsgraco upon other members of the family." We did not bring the dis grace. If the father, mother, sister or brother had conducted themselves In the proper manner, we would not have been able to print "disagreeable articles." Do not blame us for the misdeeds of your friends and rela tives. We are here to prlut the news und we are going to do It. You and your friends Bhould keep your fingers where they belong if you do not want them pinched. If you think what we publish ts not true, we Invite you to make us prove it, but it you don't want us to publish your misdeeds, quit your meanness. It is the duty ot eves decent paper to make an effort to Improve the morals of the com munity In which tt ts published. Some have one way of doing this and some another. We believe in pubHclty. Clay County Times. What Is Kleptomania?" Kleptomania is occasionally In duced by continued and close applica tion to the study of a particular sub ject. A, singular case was recently reported from Germany. , A well-known professor was found to have transferred to his own pri vate collection mauy of the valuable butterflies of which he had charge in his official capacity. The existence ot mental derange ment was clear from the facts that came out In the course of the Inves tigation afterward made by tbe mu seum authorities. It was found that tbe professor bad often sent his wife out all day to catch butterflies, so Intense was bis passion for thes.a'fnseets. On one" occasion the professor while hunting a butterfly was nearly run over by an express train; at another time he fell into a river, and oace both he and hie wife fell Into a pond. Boston Transcript. There If s large deficiency in the raisin crop this season, the shipments to L01 : only amounting to 4500 title the requirements of tbe inc. he t amount to 6600 tons, and aro very high.