HAPPINESS.
f wnuM not rare to sit upon
A throno it none cou! 1 share
The nlorjr of my state with me
Or hout in thankfulness to nee
Ma nriaely ruling there.
I would not rare for million if
I ne'er might hear the praue
Of other who accounted me
'llicir grandest friend anil happily
Trod newer, fairer ways.
I would not rare to sure upon
I'Urth'a grandest scene, to nee
Another fair day dawn if there
Could he no other who might share
U and be glad with me.
-S. E. Kicr.
AMADIE'S ;! "
:f Semper
1 W-
JiOplm. nearly all of us there
comes, at some period of
O, '1 o life, what we call "n
it K chance." Many of us
Tg4WT probably mure- tliaa the
nujuiit Jet the. chances pass us. We
Co not recognise thorn, or are too riniid
or Inert to grasp them, and thiy do
not return; for the s.uu,' chance tiever
offers Itself twice. Of those who s"lxe
them niucy are influenced merely by
selfish motives, by the proml.se of per
sonal proht they present. But a few
lay bold of them simply from a sense
of duty, ns knowing what is right and
desiring to do It, and to such the re
sults of their action are doubly blessed.
Amadle Klessell was a Freueh girl,
or of French descent, being the only
daughter of French parents, but born
In this oouuti-y. She was un orphan,
and was poor; consequently her lot In
life was a hard one. It would have
puczled her to tell now she bad man
aged to ,;i't ulong since the death uf
ber parents. Shu remembered confus
edly a long and unpleasant Serb's of
bard rubs, but could not have given a
clear account of tbeui.
At the age of sixteen known ns
"sweet sixteen" by girls who are well
tared for and happy Aui:idie was a
ballet dancer In a variety theatre. It
.was neither a proud nor a profitable
position. She was but a beginner, and
much of her small salary must be paid
for education, while A portion of It was
absorbed by tines for her ignorance and
awkwardness. It was supposed that a
French girl must necessarily dance,
but Amadle was not a natural dancer,
and did not take kindly to that branch
of tbe theatrical profession. She be
lieved that she would be able to slug.
If she could get a chance to learn, but
co such opportunity came to her, and
be felt that she could only worry bur
Max along over tbe hard road that bad
been appointed for her.
One ulght she was going home at a
late hour. The dancing bad come ou
oear tbe close of tua entertainment,
-and Amadle had been detained for re
proof by the ballet master, who bad
Informed her that a severe Que would
be assessed upon her for an awkward
mistake In a dance. With a small
bundle under her arm, she wearily
Mound ber way through the streets of
tbe city, and was quite sick at heart,
as she knew that the tines of tbe week
would not leave her money enough to
pay ber rent and procure her the mea
ger necessaries of life.
Just before she reached a neat
brownstone bouse, the seroml door
from a street comer, her attention was
attracted by something unusual and
peculiar. The basement window was
open, and a rough looking man was
omlng out at the opening.
There could be but one explanation
Of such a singular circumstance; the
bouse was being plundered by burg
lars. Of one thousand girls tlmr might be
placed In Amadie's position, all but
one would run away, nut, Amadle was
the one who did not think of running.
She saw a chance to make herself use
ful, and availed herself of it instinct
ively. Shrinking behind the wall of the cor-
) Her bouse she peeped out nutl watched
the proceeding. Mhe fiiw the man
Triio had emerged from the basement
Window take some bundle that were
banded to hi in from within. Then an
other came out, the window was
closed, nml th' two men picked up the
bundles und walked rapidly up the
street.
Auiadie. looked wound for a police,
man, but of course v.i tluc.U expecting
to see one, and at once resolved to fol
low the thieve.
Swiftly and slbntl.v she sped after
them, near enough lo keep them In
view, and saw theiu turn th coiner a
Tew blocks away, where a covered
wagon wus waiting for th"iu. They
hurriedly deposited their bundles In
tbe wagon, climbed up in front and
drove rapidly away.
This maneiivre did not change r,r
prevent Amadie's purpose. She was
near enor.gh to the wagon when It
atartrd to run after it- to catch hold of
It, ns he hail seen the stout lioys do,
and to swing herself up lu a very un
comfortable position.
it she had known what a Journey it
wss to bo it must be confessed that she
would not have attempted It. .More
than once, after It was begun, alie
would have been glad enough to abun
don It, but she could not. The wagon
was whirled through tbe streets at
sjopIi a rapid rate that she knew It
-would hurt ber to alight and feared It
anight kill ber. Tbe tlauger of letting I
4rt was greatur thuo that of holding
sun, and she clung as with a death grip
o the wood and Iron, although ahe
"was several times nearly Hung off, aud
-although she was lu terrible and con
vtnntly Increasing pa In.
At last, when she bad become noth
ing but a bundle of aches and exhaus
tion, tbe vehicle stopped t a small
tbouse la a shabby street. The girl felt
CUlte Incapable of using her body or
ber brain, tut the danger of discovery
compelled ber to exertion. Fortunate
1 there was a narrow alley lu sight,
and she slipped down and ran to It
Just before tbe wsgoa came to a full
top.
Crouching down on tbe brlcfcs-for
be could not stand she peered out
and saw Otis of the mri carry the buu
Cla Into but small bom. Then the
Eadem
other drove the wagon away slowly,
aud all was quiet.
Atmtdle rested herself there a little
whiltt and tlieu, crawled out and no
tired the number of tu house. Then
sh started to go home. As she went
sh repeated the name of the street
aud the number of the house until they
were flrmly fixed lu her memory. It
was a long Journey, and she was very
tired and sore, but she at last reached
her lodgings and let herself In, glad
that nobody was up to look at her sus
piciously and scold her about the' late
ness of the hour.
She overslept herself in the morning,
and It was so late when she rose that
she saw that she hud no time to lose.
So she went to a chap restaurant,
where shi) hurriedly drank a cup of
coffee and ute a roll, and then hastened
to the brownstone bouse where she
had seen the burglary committed. She
told the servant that she wanted to
see the proprietor of the house, saying
that her business was Important. There
was a little demur, and, while she wus
talking to the servant the gentleman
whom she wished to see came to the
door und asked ber what she wanted.
"IHil you lose something last ulght?"
she asked.
"I should think I did. Sounj silver
plate aud some valuable dresses, with
other things."
"They were stolon?"
"Yes; the house was entered by bur
glars." "I saw It done and I know where the
things were taken to."
"Ah! You are the nerson I want to
see. Come in here, little girl, and sltV
down and rest."
Amadle followed him into a finely
furnished room, where a pleasant lady
wus seated, and be placed ber In an
easy chair.
"My-dear," he said, "this seems to be
an amateur detective, who has some
ruJuable news for us."
The- lady raised ber eyebrows and
suiited.
They were both so kind to her that
Amadle wus easily encouraged to tell
her story, and she did so as speedily as
possible, as she felt that the time
might be precious, but the simple man
ner In which it was told did not pre
vent ber from receiving muny expres
sions of praise and pity. -
As soon as she bud finished the gen
tleman hurriedly wrote a note and
culled a boy.
"Tuke this at once to the station
house," be said, "where we were this
morning, and tell them that I will be
there presently.
"And uow, little girl," he said to Am
iidie. "there Is a good reward offered
fur the recovery of that property. That
is io suy, I intended to offer a reward
hi to-morrow morning's papers. If I
gel the prop -rty through your infor
mation the reward will belong to you."
"You needn't think of any reward
for me," she mid.
"Why not'?"
'T.ecuuse my mother said " and
she hesitated.
"Well, what does your mother say?"
"She doesn't suy anything, sir. She
is dead."
"Ah! It Is something she once sold,
ihen. I'erhups your father "
"lie Is dead, too. sir."
"Oh! Poor thing! Well, we won't
force anything upon you tliut you don't
want, you may be suiv of that. Can
you stay here a few hours with my
wife and get your dinner?"
"No. Kir; I have to go to rehearsal."
"To be sure. (Had to see you punc
tual In attending to business. And, of
course, you can't come to see us to
night, as you will be at the theatre,
fan you cull this ufternoou at i or 5
o'clock?"
"Yes, sir; If you wish It."
"I do wUh it. I wntit you to know
whether the property has beeu recov
ered, aud I want to thank you and talk
to you."
Amadle went to her rehearsal, where
she did so badly being still tired and
wre that the ballet master threatened
to discharge her, und in consequence
of that threat she scanted her bit of
dinner more severely thun ever.
lu the afternoon she went to the
brownstone bouse, because she had
promised to, and because she consid
ered it a part of her duty.
She was very warmly received by
the gentleman and bis wife, who has
tened to Inform ber tliut the stolen
property hud ull ben recovered. The
police hud made u descent upon the
small bouse lu the shabby street, aud
had found, not only the proceeds of tbe
burglary, but many other missing val
uables. "And now," said tbe gentleman, "as
you have done so much for me at the
risk of your life, aud as you seem to be
a very good girl, I must see what I
can do for you. Kortuuately I, nm In
the theatrical line, and you may let ine
help you In that. Are you very fond
of dancing?"
Amadle confessed that she disliked
dancing, and was afraid she would
uever be able to learn tbe art as It
ought to be learued.
"All tbe better for that." said be.
"Iu you think you could learn to act?"
"1 don't know, sir, but I think I
could learn to slug If I bad a chance."
"Yery well, you shall have a chance.
You shall come to my theatre. I am
Mr. Mllwurd, manager of the
Theatre, aud my wife Is Alice Mllward.
I will Ami employment for you there
by which you can enrn a living, and
you shall learn as much music as you
want to. We will make either a singer
or an actress of you, or both, I'll be
bound."
Amadle tried to express her grati
tude. "Voti don't owe me any thanks." said
he. "You will be sure to earn all you
get from me, to say nothing of what
you have already earned. Come to me
when your week Is up at the variety
shop, and I will advance you a week's
Hilary, and my wife will talk to you
about wardrobe and other matters."
So Amadle Flesseil, by Improving a
chance to make herself useful, gained
a chance for herself, and site-also Im
proved that chance to very good pur
pose, Indeed. New York Weekly.
Ha Hot There.
Three Cuinuuicu were walking brisk
ly down First avenue at Pioneer place
j esterduy ufternoon. Their expression
less faces allowed no sign that they
were In a hurry to catch a car or do
anything rash, but all three kept their
eyes directed ou a James street cable
that stood opposite the Hotel Seattle,
taking ou passengers. Suddenly the
gripman of the car rang bis gong, and
the trio quickened their pace a trifle.
Again the gong was rung aud this
time the Celestials broke Into a run
and covered the ground like rabbits,
with lengthy pigtails streaming out
straight behind them.
All nt once the car started and the
fo. lowers of Confucius redoubled their
puce, running ou in single file. They
would prolmly have cuugbt tbe car,
nlrhottgh the vehicle was then going at
n good rate of speed, were it not for
the fact that right in the middle of
James street the foremost Celestial
tripped aud fell. Tbe other two
promptly tumbled all over blm. and in
n second there was a pile of writhing
Chinamen, nil making a grand effort
to get up first.
At length the trio got to their feet
and Impassively dusted their clothing,
not even smiling, despite the chuckles
of the crowd. The car by this time
was about up to Eighth avenue.
One of the Chinamen was very fat.
This one looked ut his companions In
un entirely Impersonal manner for a
minute, and then far up on the James
street bill, where a car was gradually
working down his way.
"Very blame mad," he said cnliuly
Seattle Post Ititelbgenccr.
Whan an Iceberg Turna Turtle.
Think of sections bigger than Khode
Island being torn from a glacier and
swept off Into the ocean, to be ferried
.'OUO miles ou the bosom of the Labra
dor current until the heated waters
of the Oulf Strenm cause them to van
ish from human ken! Then can one
form the Idea of the immensity of the
Ice area discharged from the Green
land seas each year. Thousands of
miles of valley are constantly empty
ing their contents into- The bays and
(lords of tbe north watprs, whence the
tides hurry the detachments southward
to cumber tbe wide- Atlantic.
Tha disposition, of icebergs to turn
turtle Is one of their most dangerous
propensities. It arises from several
causes. When they start out from
Greenland their bottoms are heavy
with the detritus gathered In their
glacial period, and this drops at Inter
vals as they move south, causing their
centre of gravity to change and tbe
berg to asiue new positions. The
scientific theory of the formation of
the vast submarine plateaus which ex
tend from Labrador to Fundy and are
commonly known as the Grand Bunks
of Newfoundland Is that they are the
products of the deposits of bergs dur
ing countless uges. Leslie's Magazine,
Curlnua Content For a Hrlil Id Tibet.
Among some of the wilder Tibetan
tribes in the Koko-nor there Is a curi
ous marriage ceremonial function.
This consists in placing the girl, on
her wedding morning, In the upper
part of a tree, while her male relatives
remain on the lower limbs or else in
the back purt of her father's tent or
hut, while these same relatives guard
the entrance In each case the bitter
being uruied with lolo thorn sticks.
The groom, when these preparations
have been completed, rides up and
announces bis intention of seizing the
bride. This requires fortitude, for the
relatives beat hltu unmercifully when
he iittempts to reach the woman, if
be manages to elude his assHiluuts and !
touch the toes of the woman, she Is '
his, he is welcomed into the family and
complimented ou his urdor. Should
he full, he suffers not only the Incon
venience of being wifeless, but tbe loss
of cattle and other presents given dur
ing the negotiations. By tbe cale of
a girl to one man, however, the father
does not relinquish his claims upon
her, but may sell her to other suitors
who come afterward, until she may
have half a dozen husbands. Book
lovers' Magazine.
Sea Liona Smart Feeder.
Those who are constantly associated
with unimuls ut a zoo see many com
ical and Interesting sights, nnd keep
its of such phiees have many stories to
relate. The sea lions are very much
smarter" than their appearance sug
gests, and while they nre alwnys In
teresting, their method of feeding Is
one of the most amusing things in the
gardens. The keeper brings to the edge
of the pond 11 pall of fish, which av
erage perhaps a foot In length, and
Kings each one as far o it as he cuu,
wheu the sen lions, with amazing
rapidity, swim to get them. The llou
catches tbe fish before it strikes tbe
water. "Observations at the Washing
ton Zoo," In St. Nicholas.
lapaneae Kettle.
In the Jupunese army every soldier
curries with blm kettles which are
made of paper, the Invention of one
Dnlju. Tbe rettle is made of ordinary
thin Japanese paper. It Is filled with
water, and then water Is poured over
It. It Is bung over tbe Ore, and In ten
minutes the water Is boiling, The
kettle can be used elgbt or tea times,
and tbe cost of It Is about two Cent.
ol4 Merehaat Uead.
M. Anguatln Gamel, of Copenhagen,
a merchant and member of the State
Council, who fitted out several Polar
expeditious, Including Dr. Frldthjof,
Nausea's expedition through Green
land and Captain Ilougetard'i Arctic
expMiltlon with the DIJmbbna, has Just
died, ' '
To Kid the Ann.
To get rid of ants, mix equal parts
of sugar and borax and sprinkle
shelves and floors. Tbey will eat so
much of the sweet mixture that the
borax will kill them.
To Kill In Met a.
here Is no necessity for buying ex
pensive carbolic acid to be used as an
Insecticide. The ordinary crude car-
uonc acta is not only cheaper, but
much better than the refined for the
purposes of the farmer. It will, like
kerosene, easily emulsify with a solu
tion of hard soap.
Large Beets.
To grow large beets use lime on the
soil. Experiment made demonstrat
ed that lime gave better results on
beets than did some of the best pre
pured fertilizers. This does not apply
to sugar beets, but to those grown for
stock and for the stable. As lime is
chenp, farmers should give it a trial
on beeU.
flowing the Crops.
Four times as much can be grown
on an acre of hind by the use of wheel
hoes unit hand seed drills than when
the land is cultivated by- horse power,
as loth the rows und the plants can
be closer together. Whether the hand
system will pay depends upon the
klud of crops grown and the location
of the farm to markets.
Sweet Totatocs and Meloae.
Such plants as sweet potatoes and
melous can endure longer periods of
dry weatber than some others, but
much depends ou the work of the
grower. No weeds must be allowed to
grow near plants in the ows, ns more
inolstur Is taken from the soli by
weeds than by some crops. Clin
bage plants should be worked often,
us they thrive nil the better by fre
quent cultivation, and it should be the
rule to kill every white butterfly, us
they ure the parents of the cabbage
worms. .Much of the injury from
dt ought could be reduced it the farm
er would keep the surface soil always
loose.
About Wood Aah.
Wood ashes not only contain potash,
but serve to loosen stiff soils and per
form valuable service as a chemlcul
reagent. This Is due to the large pro
portion of lime contained l.i ashes
about thirty-five per cent. which Is
In the best form in which It can be
used. About 120 pounds of potash is
the proportion to a ton of wood ashes,'
while 7iXt pounds of lime accompanies
It. These proportions may be more or
less, according to the kind of wood
from which the ashes are obtained.
Ashes, are worth ouiy $0 per ton. ac
cording to the above proportions, so
far as the actual potush Is concerned,
though the lime nnd other substances
contained possess vulue. the phosphor
ic acid ranging from two to live per
cent.
Ax Worth of Seeda.
The seeds of some regetubles are
worthless after they ure two years old,
while the seeds of other plants Im
prove with age until a certain period.
For instance, the seeds of artichokes
are good until they are three years old;
asparagus, four years; beans, two
years; kidney beans, one year; beets,
ten years; brocoll, four yeurs; cabbage,
four years; carrot, one year; cauli
flower, four years; celery, ten yeurs;
corn, three yeurs; cucumber, ten years;
egg plant, three years; endive, four
years; kale, four years; leek, two
yeurs; lettuce, three yeurs; melon, ten
years; peu, two yeurs; pumpkin, ten
years; radUh, four years; salsify, two
years; spinach, four years; squash,
ten years; tomato, two years, nnd tur
nips, four yeurs.
Incubator Iou'ta.
Don't use oil less than 100 test.
Don't help the chick out of the shell.
Don't full to fill the lamps every
evening.
Don't set the Incubator near the win
dow. Don't use the same wick for more
than one hatch.
Don't worry with moisture guuges
or hygrometers.
Dou't turn nor cool the eggs after
they are pipping.
Don't neglect cooling the eggs; It
makes strong chicks.
Don't try- to liatcb duck and hen eggs
In the same Incubator.
Don't trim the wick with scissors;
scrape off the charred part with a
match.
Don't think yiu are smarter than the
manufacturer of the Incubator, for you
have a lot to learn.
Dou't leave the large ends of the
eggs pointing lu different directions;
have them all pointing one way.
Itye or Turnip After Corn.
I have beeu sowing rye now for two
years. I sow It In the com field in
September as 8oou as I can get tbe
corn lu shock, cultivate, then follow
with the grain drill, putting on about
two bushels of rye to the acre. Last
summer I sowed some cow 1iorn tur
nips in the corn at lust working In
turnips July. They made a good
growth. Sowed rye alongside of the
turnips In October. We hauled our
fertilizer out 011 the turutps and rye
lust winter. Tht year before what
land I had sowed In rye we manured
in the winter. It grew nicely lu the
spring. We pastured It some, then
plowed It down for corn uguln. It be
ing a cold and wet summer, the corn
wus not a large crop. We hud a heavy
hailstorm a few days before It came
out In tassel, which put It back. I did
not use and fertilizer when sowing tbe
rye, although I believe It would make
a stronger growth in tbe fall. We
plowed It under, what stock did not
eat, tbe last week In April and first of
May for corn. John V. Zook, la the
American Cultivator.
Judging; ( of Aalmal.
At tbe Hmltbueld and Birmingham
shows tbe following rules govern tbe
judgment of the age of animals:
Cattle baying their central perma
nent Incisors cut will be copsldered as
exceeding ou year and six months.
Cattle having their cental perms-
nent incisors fully up will be consid
ered as exceeding one year and nine
mouths.
Cattle having their second pair ot
permanent incisors fully up will be
considered exceeding two years and
three months.
, Cattle having their third pair of per
manent Incisors cut will be considered
as exceeding two yeurs and eight
months.
Cattle having their fourth pair (cor
ner) permanent Incisors fully up and
their anterior molars showing signs of
wear will be considered as exceeding
three years.
Sheep, having their central perma
nent Incisors cut will be considered aa
exceeding ten months.
Sheep having their central perma
nent incisors fully up will be consid
ered as exceeding twelve months.
Sheep having their third pair of per
manent Incisors cut will be considered
as exceeding eighteen mouths.
Sheep having their third pair of In
cisors fully up and the temporary mo
lars shed will be considered as ex
ceeding twenty-fojir months.
Sheep having their corner permanent
Incisors well up, and showing murks
of wear, will be considered as exceed
ing three years.
Lettuce for rail Uee.
Hot weather does not asree with let-
tuee. It is the easiest of vegetables to
raise during the ear v nart of sum.
mer. but the hot, dry days of. July and
August the seed germinates noorlv
und plants make an Indifferent growth,
unless given speclul care. .. But good
lettuce can be grown for use In the
full. If one Is willing to Blve It the
necessary attention.
The following Instructions, taken
from the American Encyclopedia of
Horticulture, are so 11 tit that thev are
quoted for the benefit of those who
uesire lettuce in the fall:
"Lettuce planted as late as the time
of the ripening of strawberries Is not
likely to do very well unless protected
rrom the sun and bent. A supply of
fine fall lettuce may be secured If In
August or curly September we rema-
nure and spade the ground which was
occupied by the first crop, and make a
trench six or eight Inches deep and
fill with water. When this has soaked
away, refill and repeat this from one
to six times, according to the dryness
of the soli. Fill this trench with fine,
moist, not wet, soil, in which make a
mark and sow the seed as in the
spring. Cover the row with a foot
wide board, und about three days lat
er put some bricks under so as to hold
the botird about two Inches above tbe
soil. As soon ns the plants are well
up, turn the bricks so as to bold the
board about four inches up, and tuke It
off altogether about 5 o't lock In the af
ternoou, leaving It off until 8 or 0 In
the moruing. On cloudy days give
more exposure as the plants develop,
until the shade Is entirely dispensed
with."
A muslin shade should be as good as
a bourd. or better. An excellent qual
ity of leaf may be obtained by this
iir.-thod. National Fruit Grower.
Poultry Hints.
Small flocks are most profitable.
If you set duck eggs under hens, set
them on the ground.
One fowl with scurvy logs Is apt to
Impurt the disease to others.
Let the old and the young fowls have
ns large a runge ns possible.
When a hen Is fed In food she does
not require it is simply wasted.
A hen likes to scratch, and she
should be given tbe opportunity.
The character of the food has much
to do with the quality of the egg.
Tobacco stems covered with straw Is
nu excellent preventive of Insect breed
lug. Feeding broken oil enke to fonle
twice a week will often promote lay-In-.
(.'lean the eggs as soon as gathered.
Shells ure porous and if dirty taint the
meat.
For layers, pullets hatched after the
middle of May will not be so profi
table. Avoid In nnd In breeding, that Is
breedlug from stock too closely re
luted. Once well started. It Is compara
tively eusy to keep the young chicks
growing.
Nothing is more conducive to the
health or the Towls than plenty of
pure air.
Geese should have plenty of pasrur
and a poud, when they will cost but
very little.
Good care at all times and under all
circumstances Is a prime necessity in
breeding fowls.
Set tbe hens In a place by them
selves. Sue that the nests are cleun
and free from lice.
If large size aud weight are desired,
select large heus, but the male should
be active and vigorous.
Never grease a slttlug hen, for if tht
grease gets on tbe eggs It will close
the pores and prevent batching.
Poultry keeping can be made auxili
ary to other pursuits without infring
ing upon the time of the keepers.
A mixture of three ounces of sweet
oil, one ounce of sulphur and tweuty
drops of carbolic acid will cure scaly
legs on fowls.
One of tbe best feeds to give fowl!
Inteuded for exhibition Is flaxseed
meal with other grains. It makes
them look sleek und irloasv anil 1uiip
the akin. Sunflower seed may also b
given two or three times a week to ao
advantage.
From this time on especially sitting
bens should not be fed while on thr
nest. They need all of tbe exercls
tbey are likely to get. Too constant
sitting makes them of bad disposition
and difficult to manage when tbey
come off with a brood.
For Oaraaaa) Laborer.
Tbe German Government Is endeavoring-
to promote tbe health and happi
ness of tbe laborer of that country by
building suitable sanitary nouses fur
blm to Jive la.
la Military Operation.
O difficulty of military op
erations In the Far East
is more conspicuous than
that caused by the almost
entire absence of roads fit
for military use. With good military
roads tbe Japanese could have reached
the Yaltl River In three weeks Instead
of three months, and a decisive battle
with the Czar's forces along the rail
way could have been fought long be
fore the commencement of Hit. rainy
season. But without such roads, the
movements of an nrmy are extremely
slow and difficult.
The same difficulty was the most
conspicuous feature at the time of the
Boxer uprising. The whole civilized
world was kept In suspense for many
weeks by the lack of suitable roads
for the advance of tbe allies on Pel; in.
In Hurope the building of roads oc
cupies a high place in the minds of
statesmen and military lenders. They
would no more think of neglecting the
preparation of roads for military use
than the recruiting of men or the man
ufacture of guns. Nearly nil the lend
ing European Powers pay out large
sums for roudliulldlng and largely
with a view to possible need in time of
War.
In tbe early history of our own
country the need of military roads oc
cupied a large place in the public mind.
Most of the statesmen of that period
are on record as heartily favoring ap
propriations by Congress for building
national highways, which In time of
need could be used for military pur
poses. With this Idea lu view the Na
tional Pike was constructed, and a doz
en other greut roads were authorized
by Congress, and millions of dollars
were spent In their construction. Sev
eral of the roads planned, but never
finished, werej In the South. The bad
ness of roads was one of tbe greatest
obstacles with which the armies had to
contend during the Civil War.
That the L'uited States ought to be
well supplied with the best of high
ways, which lu case of need, enn be
used as military roads, seems too evi
dent for question. Yet the construc
tion of such highways uppears for
more than half a century to buve oc
cupied scarcely any place In the minds
of statesmen. This apparently anom
alous situation Is. however, ensy to ex
plain. In this country we have be
come so accustomed to looking on Hie
building of roads as tbe duty of the
farmers that the whole matter Is left
to be worked out by local communi
ties. The Idea seems to be that the
farmers should build the roads for the
Government to use aa It may buve
need.
State Aid to Koad-Bulldlng.
The road improvement law lu Mas
sachusetts requires the State roads to
be fairly apportioned among tbe dif
ferent counties. , This provision, to
gether with the smullness of the sum
annually appropriated, has made nec
essary whut the State Highway Com
mission calls "a fragmentary distribu
tion of State highways." The amount
of road to be built in one locality was
limited at first to tbe maximum of two
miles. The present road map of the
State, therefore, shows these roads
only us spots apparently scattered over
tbe State, although the Intention is, of
course, to Join tbeiu ultimately Into
systematic lines. The effect of this
distribution has been to give the whole
people of tbe State some knowledge
of the value of Improved highways,
and this knowledge has manifested it
self In annually increased appropria
tions of State funds for this purpose.
The State Aid law of New Jersey
allowed the application of the State's
contribution to any section of road not
less than a mile in length where the
local property owners were ready to
contribute ten per cent, of the totul
cost. This law has had much the same
effect as that of Massachusetts, and
has so disseminated a knowledge of
the value of road improvement
throughout tbe State that the appro
priations for State aid have steadily
luc-reased, and the people lu many lo
calities, who were formerly opposed
to any State action, are clamoring for
tbe State's assistance.
Tbe State of Connecticut has fol
lowed tbe same plan as that of New
Jersey, and the State of Itbode Island
bus- limited Its construction to half
mile samples, one in each of the dif
ferent towns.
Koad-Boildlna; Hln.
If 0 road., goes over a bill when It
.fight go around, the labor nnd ex
pense put upon It nre absolutely wast
ed, and the sooner Its direction Is
chunged the better. If a road is not
rounded up and surface drained, it
should be, not only for present use as
an earth road, but as a preliminary
to macadamizing. If It Is not under
drained in all wet spots, this should
be tbe first work done. Nothing, in
deed, will pay better for present ue
thun putting In tile or stone drains.
In laylug out a roud, stralghtue;
should always be sacrificed to obtain
a comparatively level surface. Al
though this is one of the most Import
ant principles connected with ' mad
building, it is one of the must fre
quently violated. There is no objec
tion to an absolutely straight road, but
graceful and natural curves conform,
lug to the lay of the land add beau.y
lo tbe landscape, besides enhancing
the value of property.
A faauH Creak,
JJuda-Pesth has lost one of Its best
known cranka, a man who always went
barefoot and bareheaded. Ills favor
ite occupation waa to offer medical ad-
Tics to famous persons who wero HI.
ti.1. hin,r i.t 1.. ,,... I..- a,.
This being rejected, he wrote long dia
tribes against human folly and printed
them.
fltnaaa Iroa Lauealag.
German Iron and steel exports for
tbe Brat quarter of this year show a
consldMrabls diminution . compared
with the exports of tbe same period,
during the two preceding years,
1LJL
COMMERCIAL REVIEW.
R. C. Dun & Co.'s "Weekly Review
of Trade" says:
Labor controversitics are the most
serious drawbacks to recovery in bus
iness, most other important factors
tending toward improvement. De
spite some reduction in the yield of
wheat, crop prospects are most en
couraging, and the loss in quantity of
wheat promises to be fully offset by
higher prices, so that the agricul-'
tural communities will be in position
to purchase commodities freely.
Delayed orders for iron and steel
products are being placed, and at
woolen mills there is a notable in
crease in activity. Railway earnings
in July were only 2.4 per cent, smallei
than a year previous, and at many
cities there is evidence of returning
confidence, with a little improvement
ut mercantile collections. But sever
al strikes in progress and others un
der consideration mitigate against a
resumption of normal resumptions of
trade and manufacture.
Failures this week in the Unite.1
State are 2.10, against 220 last week,
2.1t the preceding week and 178 the
corresponding week last year. Fail
ures in Canada number t8, against 18
list week, 20 the preceding week and
19 last year.
Bradstreet's says: Wheat, including
flour, exports for the week ending
August 4 agrgegate 1,379.108 bushels,
against 1,613.265 last week, 3,040,620
this week last year, 4,244.363 in 190a
and 8,831,109 in tgoi. From July t
to date the exports aggregate 6,565,372
bushels, against ,15,047.253 last year.
20.794.20t in 1902 and 32.507,14s in
1901. Corn exports for the week ag
gregate 273,365 bushels, against 415,
844 last week, 884.428 a year ago, 70,
6tt in 1902 and 990,714 in 1901. From
July t to date the exports of corn
aggregate 2,583,909 bushels, against
6.242.093 in 1903, 494,337 in 9oa and
7,224.413 m 1901.
WHOLESALE MARKETS.
Baltimore, Md. FLOUR Firm and
unchanged; recipts, 2,623 barrels; ex
ports, 3,265 barrels.
WHEAT Easier; spot, contract,
93Ha93'A; spot No. 2 red Western,
95Mfa;95!4; August, 93M93VS: Sep
tember, 94 (a 9454; October. 95)496:
December, 98"; steamer No. 2 red,
86H6f4.
CORN Dull; spot, 56(56; Au
gust, 56!56fi; September, 5757'4;
year, 49; steamer mixed, 53Vi(S55?4.
OATS Unsettled; old, No. 2 white.
4848!4; old. No. 2 mixed, 430544.
RYE Firm; No. 2 Western, 73(0!
74-
BUTTER Steady, unchanged; fan
cy imitation, y(S 18; fancy creamery,
l8J4fi!i9; fancy ladle, I4I5; store
packed, io(S;i2.
EGGS Steady, unchanged, I7V4.
CHEESE Steady, unchanged;
large, 8J4(8; medium, 8tf9; small,
New York FLOUR Receipts, 14,
095 barrels; exports, 2,526 barrels; firm
but inactive; winter patents, 4.85(g)
5-35: winter straights, 4-SO4.75; Min
nesota patents, 5.25(5.65; winter ex
tra. 3-3S3-9o; Minnesota bakera,
3 34-3; winter low grades, 3.15(g)
3.70.
RYE FLOUR Firm; fair to good,
4.15(4:4.40; choice to fancy, 4.40(4.61;.
CORN MEAL Steady; yellow
Western, i.toM2; city, 1.1231.15;
kiln dried, 3,oo3.io.
HAY Dull; shipping, 62; good to
choice, 92jj.
LARD Weak; Western steamed,
715: refined, easy; continent, 7.25;
South America, 7.80; compound, 5(S)
0J-S.
POTATOES Easy; Long Island,
l.502.oo; Jersey and Southern, 1.50
t.75: Southern sweets, 3.50(4.50.
PEANUTS -Steady; fancf hand
picked. 6i; other domestics. YAGifrA,
CABBAGES Quiet; Long Island
and Jersey, per barrel, 255o.
' Urs Stock.
New York. BEEVES Dressed
beef slow at 754io4c. per pound for
native sides; calves unchanged; ex
ports, 1,652 cattle and 2,000 quarters
of beef.
CALVES Dressed catves steady;
eity dressed veals, g(S;i2'Ae. per pound;
country dressed, 8fflitc.
SHEEP AND LAMBS-Sheep low
er, lambs 156125c. off. Sheep, 2.75
4.50; lambs, 5-57.2S; culls, 4.00.
HOGS Nominally steady.
Chicago CATTLE Good to prime
steen, 5.25(56.25; poor to medium,
4.00(5.00; stockers and feeders, 2.00(f9
4.00; cows, 1.25(5)4.00; heifers, 2.oo(!h
4.25; canners, 1.50(32.50; bulls, a.oo(ej)
4.00; calves. 2.5o575; Texas-fed
steers, 3.00(4.50.
HOGS Mixed and butchers, S.2568
5 So; good to choice heavy. 5.255 5o;
rough heavy. 4.8o(a,5.io; light, 5.25
5.50; bulk of sales, 5.2o3!5.40.
SHEEP Good to choice wethers,
3. 75(0)4. 20; fair to choice mixed, 3.00(g) '
3.75; native lambs, 4.00(3:6.75.
WORLD OP LAB04
Brotherhood of Carpenters and Join
ers now has 1,701 unions chartered.
In the Government factories of Rus
sia wages rarely exceed 26 shillings
a month. ,
A new departure is to be made at
the Pembroke dockyard by the em
ployment of women as tracers.
Plumbers are perhaps the best paid
of any mechanics in the City of Mex
ico. They get from $2 to $4 a day.
More than 500 Japanese laborers
have ju.-t landed in Mexico under con
tract to work in the coal mines.
Canadian manufacturers claim that
places for 6,717 working men, women
and boys are vacant in their factories.
Recent reports from the Mendocino
(Cal.) lumber regions are to the ef
fect that all the camps are being rap
idly unionized.
The Chinese Government it to re
ceive 300 per thousand for all the
Chinese coolies shipped to the South
Africa minei.
San Francisco (Cal.) team drivers
receive $3, $3-50 and $4 a day for driv
ing one, two and three horse teams,
respectively.'
The Northumberland (Eng.) Coal
Conciliation Board has decided to
make no change in the rates of wages
for the next three months.
Practically no interest or concern
is shown in labor circles over the for
mation of the new organization of em
ployers of various lines.
The first organization of coal min
ers in this country was In 1861 by some
miners who came from England and
settled in the Bellevue district of II-1
linoii.
j) .1,. .
?5 . An ""PPt on the part of tn so-
irialisl
yedci
femi-
stic faction in the Chicago (III.)
eration of Labor to control the
annual election resulted in ser
ious disturbances. ; , '
Germany has devoted 750,000,000
to her standing army in 35 years a
prodigious' sum withdrawn from pro
ductive work in industry and commerce