LIVE STOCK J* AGRICULTURE
WASTE J FARMS
Where Some of That Missing
Money Disappears.
TAKING CARE OF THE TOOLS.
One of the Easiest Ways to Save Cash.
Cry of "Farming Doesn't Pay" Due
Largely to Neglect of Simple Matters.
Farmers Who Make a Profit.
Farmers often ask themselves,
"Where has that money gone?" I can
tell them a little about it. I am riding
over the country and visiting farmers
and doing some work on farms almost
daily.l speak "by the book" and not
from theory or hearsay. Plows cost
ing $8 cash and SIU to $lO time nnd
mostly bought on time, S3O cultivators,
$125 binders and other farm machin
ery equally expensive nre in fence
corners and where they were last used.
That's where a very large part has
gone.
A few years ago I was selling a cer
tain mower, a writer in the Farm
Journal says.l drove to the house
of a farmer of my acquaintance, spoke
to him in regard to buying a new ma
chine and told him the kind, when he
interrupted me, saying: "If it's as good
as the old reaper (naming the one I
■was selling) I will take one. I have
one that 1 will cut wheat with this
year that I" have used twenty-six
years." I went to look at it and It was
tight and sound. It has been taken in
each season as soon as done using,
taken apart, cleaned, oiled, the wood
work painted and all the bolts tight
ened up, knives ground and fixed
ready for work. That man had not
lost his share of "that money," you can
safely bet.
I recently cut x some trees on the
SOUTHERN BOYS' CORN CLUB.
farm of a gentleman who is known as
a good farmer. One part of (he stub
ble field showed a very fine stand of '
clover and the balance rather thin.
Said I to one of the men: "How's
this? Was that ■ a potato patch?"
"No," said he. "When we were done
sowing clover seed we had some left,
and we went back as far as it would
go and sowed it over again." That
part of the field will pay; the balance
won't. I saw wheat cut one season
that ran three and a half bushels to
the acre, and across the road the same
kind of land had fifteen bushels to the
acre. One wao sowed on clods and no
stand. The other was properly put.in.
Both cost the same for fertilizer, seed
and drilling, cutting, hauling, etc.
Now I suppose the three and a half
bushel man wonders "where that mon
ey has gone." Does any one else won
der where his s! are went?
"Frrming doesn't pay," I hear every
dry. Well, 1 know that any other
business, I don't care what kind, will
fail, too, if run on careless, slipshod
lines. I do know plenty of farmers
who make a profit of 5 per cent on a
fair valuation of farms in addition to
an excellent living, and a business
that does that is pretty good.
I.et the farmer raise more diversi
fied crops, practice the careful small
economies that any large corporation
does, put up his goods honestly, keep
his fence rows clean, his machinery in
good order and under shelter, and his
part of "that money" will stay by him.
Winter Ration For Sheep.
We have found that sheep to be win
tered correctly need a legume forage,
writes an lowa man who knows the
sheep business. In concentrates that
legume, beyond a doubt. Is clover.
However, alfalfa is coming into favor,'
and I doubt not that it will be the
leading forage in a very few years.
In the west alfalfa is the ideal forage,
and in the south cowpeas or some,of
the clovers best adapted to that sec
tion of the country make excellent for
age.
Mulching of Vegetables.
Any time during the fall the mulch
ing of rhubarb, asparagus and all of
the vegetable and flowering perennials
may he done. Any kind of fine or
coarse manure will do. The fall and
early winter rains will dissolve out
richness of the manure and carry it to
the roots of the plants before freez
ing. It is best to mulch the lawn some
time iu December or January.
FEWER ACRES, MORE CORN.
Better Than Cultivating Larger Area
With Poorer Result*.
"I have this yenr listened to the sug
gestions of my better judgment nnd
broken away from the habit of plow
ing and planting every acre I possibly
could," says a correspondent of Farm
Progress. "This year I planted corn
only on the land that I could manure
heavily, and though the acreage was
smaller by a good deal than usual it
did me good to look at the field when
ever I got near it. And, what is of
more importance, the smaller area re
turned a larger crop than I had been
getting.
"I manured heavily all my corn land
with stable manure, broke it deep, har
rowed thoroughly and planted in rows
just as near together as 1 thought
would give room to run the cultivators
through.
"The rows were something less than
three feet apart and drilled in the row,
then thinned to about fifteen inches
apart.
"It is surely an object lesson that is
worth having, (letting a big crop
from a small acreage JS surely a great
deal better than cultivating double the
area to get the same quantity of grain
and probably not very much more fod
der. Itj looks as if the 'little farm well
tilled' idea Is the proper thing.
"Certainly the experiment is well
worth making. Xam confident that if
all the corn growers in the big corn
states—Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska,
lowa and Illinois— had reduced their
ncreage and prepared and cultivated
the land better they would have made
as large yields and made more net
profit."
To this may be added the advice:
Get the boy interested in the corn
crop. Let him know how important a
thiug corn is and how big a part it
plays in the feeding, finances and
commerce of the nation. If your neigh
: borhood has no boys' corn club formed
]to stimulate the youngsters' views
abort our great crop, get together with
your friends and help to form one
like the one in the picture. Offering
| prizes for biggest and best ears, for
biggest crop grown on a small patch,
| etc., helps to arouse the boys' inter
est in corn.
Keeping Water Warm For Poultry, i
Those who have not the regular
fountains for keeping the drinking
water warm for the poultry may ar-;
range a vessel as follows: Take a low j
; candy pail or any like vessel, place an- !
| other smaller vessel for water iu the j
center of it and carefully pack hot
sawdust, sand or gtit around it. This
will not only keep the water from j
i chilling for some time, but with the
J sand or grit one of the chief requisites
to winter egg production will be pres
ent at all times for chickens to pick.
Also poultry is not so apt to dabble
in and befoul the drinking water In I
such a device as soon as it would in |
an open vessel by itself.—Breeder's Ga
zette.
Winter Protection of Small Fruits.
For strawberries the usual covering
of straw is good. In mild locations a
layer of straw not less than four inches j
thick should be applied. In more se-,
vere locations this would be Increased!
to six inches, and in the prairie sec- j
tions it is desirable to*use eight inches
of straw or even more.
Protecting Trees From Animals.
Trees may be protected from injury
by rabbits and mice, says the North
Dakota experiment station, by keep
ing litter away from them and paint
ing the trunk with whitewash to which
Paris green has been added. They
may also be protected by wire screens.
Needed For Good Crops.
Much depends upon the vegetable,
matter added to the soil. No matte;
how much plant food there may be
present, the soil will not produce large!
crops without humus. To supply hu-l
uius vegetable matter must be turned
under or barnyard manure applied.
To Loosen a Nut.
When a wagon wheel nut has be
come so set that it does not yield read
ily to the wrench, center a stream of
hot water on the nut from the spout
><f a teakettle. In a few minutes the
uut can be turned off with the fingers. !
READING CHARACTER.
Lips and Jaw Tell What Sort of (Par
son You Are.
We talk of thick lips as indicating
sensibility, and of course our reason
for doing so, declares Dr. James J.
Walsh, professor of nervous diseases
and physiological psychology at Ford
ham university school of medicine, is
that we have come to know by obser
vation and experience that usually the
sensualist has these features. When
there is a combination of a narrow chin
and thick lips we very often find not
only a tendency to sensual Indulgence
of some sort or other or perhaps of
several kinds, but also, as a rule, a
lack of control that leads to or may
lead to these excesses.
We must not forget, adds Dr. Walsh,
that sometimes there may be behind
these appearances a power of will that
completely vitiates the conclusions we
might draw from them. We used to
think that these conditions of physiog
l noiny, especially the narrow jaw and
' the full thick lips, were congenital, due
to the nature of the individual, and
that therefore It was simply a matter
jof making the best of them. In recent
1 years, however, we have come to re
alize that while ther° are congenital
elements in some of these cases most
of them represent conditions acquired
from the functioning of the mouth and
Jaws.
j The rolling, full lips occur, we are
reminded by I)r. Walsh, particularly
in inoutli breathers. The process of
breathing through the nose is easy and
natural, and it develops that organ so
as not to leave It narrow and thin and
incompetent to fulfill the function of
drawing in all (be air that is needed.
Mouth breathing, on the other hand,
requires effort and leads to overgrowth
of the lips and to their turning out
! ward.
I With the discovery of Meyer, the
great physician, of the role that ade
noid growths in the pharynx and oc
clusion of the posterior wires play in
1 the causation of mouth breathing, or,
rather. In the prevention of nasal
breathing, a great light was thrown on
I tlie whole question of changes in the
face consequent upon the function of
j breathing. This action of respiration
! repeated from fifteen to twenty-live
j times a minute all during life can, as
will readily be understood, produce
[ rather striking effects upon the organs
J connected with it.—Current Literature.
HARD ON NOBLEMEN.
Aristocrat Advertising For Lost Um
brella Makes Distinction,
Lord Clonmel lias lost his camera,
and he announces tlie fact In an ad
vertisement According to tlie San
Francisco Argonaut, he took it with
him on the liohilla, and as this gay lit
tle steamer was specially reserved for
members of the house of lords who
wished to see the naval review at tlie
coronation he felt that he might relax
the vigilance usually advisable with
, regard to portable property. But he
was mistaken. Ills camera disappear
! ed. He laid it down and turned away
for a moment, and when he looked
! again it was gone. He should have
i known better. He knew the steamer
was full of aristocrats, and .vet he al
lowed himself to be negligent. And
now lie inserts an advertisement ask
ing the "nobleman or gentleman" who
! Inadvertently annexed his camera to
j return it.
i There was another aristocrat who
; lost a costly umbrella at a fashionable
London club, and he posted a notice
| to that effect, asking the "nobleman"
, who had purloined it to have the good-
I ness to make restitution. Fancy a no
! bleman returning anything! The club
! secretary asked why he addressed
his appeal exclusively to noblemen,
j "Well," was the reply, "the club is
composed exclusively of noblemen and
I gentlemen, and certainly no gentleman
would steal my umbrella." These are
sad Incidents and go far to explain a
hostility to the hereditary gov
j ernment.
Remedies F»r Chicken Ills.
Here are a few good remedies for
chicken diseases: Canker is a disgust
ing ailment, but generally in the start
it can Ire checked by several applica
tions of fine salt rubbed on the sore
spots. Four drops of aconite in a half
pint of drinking water given daily for
a week or more are effective in cases
of catarrh.
Chicken pox can be successfully treat
ed by anointing the head and wattles
with carbolated vaseline after having
been bathed well with hot water. A
one grain quinine pill should be given
each night for a week.
A one grain quinine pill given each
night for a week will also work won
ders in cases of cold. Cases of cos
tiveness can also be relieved by add
lug ten drops of sulphate of magnesia
to each pint of drinking water.
Live Glaciers In Greenland.
When you were a boy you used to
sing "On Greenland's Icy Mountains."
Well, the country is simply a vast
nest of green mountains covered with
snow. Ice and glaciers. These are
known as live and dead glaciers. The
dead glaciers are a mass of snow ami
lee which has accumulated lietween
gorges for a million years or more and
has become so condensed that you
could not penetrate the mass except
with a steel drill.
The live glaciers are those that break
off and fall into the waters and be
come floating masses of ice, often in
flicting damage to ships. Where the
sun can strike a spot the trees, which
are of a dense grow*li. but small, wear
the most beautiful green.—Engineer
ing Magazine.
SINGING VENDERS.
Only the Really Tuneful Hawkers
of Tokyo Prosper.
CRY WARES ALL DAY LONG.
Streets of the Japanese City Ring
With the Quaint Melody of Oichini
and "Amai, Amail" Beginning With
the Coming of Dawn.
Passing and repassing through the
streets of Tokyo are venders of every
description. Early in the morning
one's slumber is disturbed by their |
plaintive cries, and should the widow
of the house look upon a thorough
fare there may be seen through the.
sudari a countless procession of hawk- ;
ers, but they do not need to be seen to j
be recognized, for their characteristic
cries echo and re-echo from morning I
until night.
Take the oichini, for instance, the
strolling medicine vender. Often he
is a musician with a tuneful accordion.
Envious glances may be cast at his red
and white epaulets, his uniform and
his cap. Many a youth might consid
er it the height of ambition to be able
togo about the city In just the same
manner and win smiles from all the
young women in the streets through
which he passes. But the oichini has
ail lie can do to make his daily bread,
and his lot Is often very hard Indeed.
The center for the distribution of
this medicine Is at the merchant's
house, which is situated 011 the little
island off Tsukljl, Tsukijima. The ap
plicant who wishes to become a trav
eling apothecary must pay 5 yen as
a guarantee to be faithful to the mas
ter. The next day lie is given a cap,
a suit of clothes and a pair of shoes.
In addition he receives medicine to
the value of 7 veil, and his break
fast Is supplied every morning. For I
his other meals lie must shift for him
self and eat them in whatever part of
Tokyo he finds himself when he be-1
comes hungry.
All the venders must assemble at the
master's lurase in the morning and be
ready to sfhrt out by 8 o'clock for the
SOS streets of Tokyo. The oichini sings
a song which has for conclusion the ex
pression oichini, or one, two, keeping
step to the music of an accordion and
walking stately and slowly. Whenever
the street gamins hear this song they
run after the oichini. just as the rats
ran after the mad piper of Ilamelin.
says the Japan Advertiser. If he is not
a success at singing tlie song lie will be '
of 110 "account as a vender, for these- i
cret of his popularity lies in his render
ing of the peculiar melody.
When you hear the ra-uya. or repairer
of bamboo pipes, in the neighborhood it
seems as though a miniature loeonio- '
five was letting off steam, for one pe- i
euliarity of the ra-uya's trade is a cart i
which lias in it a little furnace, a steam
vent over which the pipe is placed to
clean it thoroughly on the inside and '
also through the roof of the cart a
steam whistle.
For tlie privilege of pushing his cart
through the streets the ra-uya must I
| A FEW CURES TO ROUT THE BLUES
Settling a Case cf Levity. Diagnosed. Ineligible.
Boarder—l have named the coffee "My poor little Fido is dead," sobbed "No," snid the practical politician,
November, my dear madam. Mrs. Maydnp, "and only a few hours "we don't want him figuring in the
Landlady—lndeed, sir. And why? ago I was petting him, and he seemed campaign."
Boarder—Because it is so cold and so well." "But he is exceedingly well inform
cloudy. "I suppose you were lettiuK him lick led."
Landlady—What a brilliant young your face and all that sort of thing," | "I doubt it. He has putin all his
man! I thought of naming it after I replied her heartless spouse. time studying the tariff and finance
you. "Yes, 1" | and the United States constitution. lie
Boarder—And why? "Ah, painter's colic!"— Philadelphia jdoesn't know anything about politics."
Landlady—Because it is so long be- Press. —Washington Star.
fore it settles.—Chicago News.
' Explanatory. Dad's Comforting Reflection.
Corroboration. Jlttifci. Mabel - Father's so glad you're a
"Good morning, llow do you do this I poet,
morning?" said the duck, meeting the I Scribbler Ah, like yourself, he
"None of your business," replied the Mabel—Oh, no; but, you see, poets
hen. "You are no doctor." can t tight. Mj last beau he tried to
"Quack!" squawked the duck angri- -"Vl ,lir " w out Avas a football player.—
yV. / / il Brooklyn Citizen.
"That's what I said," cackled the j]
hen—Detroit Free Press. y Taking Something Along.
Teaching Manners to Pussy.
Little boy cats must not be greedy." | ..j njnde n ru]fl nevpp ter , eave R
Foresight In' Matrimony. tlem jokes is new to dat feller. me."
"Why did they go east on their wed- Newsboy Johnnie—What yer civ in'
ding trip?" us? Don't yer know him? He's de Not So Quiet.
"She wanted to. She said it would feller what writes 'em. Mrs. Muggins—Your husband dresses
be time enough for her to see the west rather quietly, doesn't he?
when she goes to Reno." Detroit j Undoing a Candidate M,s Bugglns—Humph! You ought
Free Press. Southern-I've been thinking serious- 1 to ! leHr him Bometimes ,vhen he cant
ly of employing a woman bill col- " nd h } a collar button.-Philadelphia
Nailing Success. ! lector. j Record.
Blobbs—That girl has been remarka- j Nixon—Take my advice and don't. ■ Pursued
bly successful. ; Southern Bemuse why? Patience-And did her father follow
Slobbs—\es. She used to work in a Nixon -Because, according to the old them whan they eloped?
nail factory, and now she's a mani- j adage, "a woman's work is never Patrice—Sure* He's living with them
cure.—Philadelphia Itecord. i dun."—Cincinnati Enquirer. ' yet.-Yonkers Statesman.
pay 3 yen a year ns tax. It tak 6
a long apprenticeship to know all the
tricks of the trade, and no one who Is
not accustomed to this kind of mend
ing can be a success. The number of
ra-uya is steadily on the decrease, per
haps because there are fewer and few
er old fashioned people now who use
this kind of pipe.
In the old Yeddo days the trade was a
' brisk oue, and the ra-uya ran through
the streets, two baskets slung at the
ends of a pole across his shoulders, and
his cry was a most familiar one. Now
he Is minus the taskets and the cry,
but the cart and the steam whistle
have taken their place. Then, too, so,
many people today smoke cigars and
cigarettes that the ra-uya finds his old
bamboo pipes few and far between. ;
Another personage among the street j
[ merchants Is the Amazakeya. His cry, i
J ''Amai, amai!" (sweet, sweet), is so sug- |
gestive of sweet things that the cry '
: brings the children from every quar- j
' ter. The men who ply this trade are
i generally old. They form one of To-
I lcyo's picturesque street elements with
their two large red lacquered boxes
l on either end of a shoulder pole.
I An applicant who wishes to enter i
this business goes to the merchant
with a person who acts as a guarantor |
and, borrowing the outfit, which con
sists of the aforesaid red boxes, is al
most ready to set forth on Ills trav
els. Hut he must buy his own clothes. 1
which consist of coolie nether gar- 1
ments and a blue cotton coat with the
advertisement of bis trade in white
, characters on its lapels and a Chi
nese character for Amazake on his
j back.
| lie must also be fitted out with an
iron pot for boiling the sweet liquid,
llis red boxes contain the hlbaschi
and the heavy pot: also charcoal, draw
ers, trays and cups.
j It is very hard for an old man to
carry two such heavy boxes, and the
Amazakeya is often taken with a de
sire to rest by the wayside. But'fhis
is against tlie law, and ifMhe police
man catches sight of liiui he is told
to move on in the polite language of
1 "Kora. kora!" Sometimes lie is fined
from 20 sen to 1 yen for thus loitering
on his way.
Fresh Rhubarb During the Winter.
Fresh rhubarb can be easily raised
during the winter after the season
i outdoors is over. All that is required,
says an Idaho bulletin, in the way ot
room is a warm cellar or basement.
As soon as the late fall arrives dig
up the roots, allowing as much dirt
as possible to adhere, and pile them up
ion the north side of some building to
prevent alternate freezing and thaw
i «"»•
| When winter arrives remove tln>
j roots to the cellar and plant tlieni
j close together in shallow bins or boxes
j with a little soil between them. The
soil should not be kept wet, but simply
moist and mellow in order to allow a
| good circulation of air around the
roots.
j Shoots grown in this manner are re
j inarkabl.v tender and of an excellent
flavor, in order to obtain a supply
»1 over a long period they should be set
I out about every two weeks. At the
i |ei:d of a month the roots are usually
I exhausted. Roots forced in this man
: ilier are worthless for planting out
: I again in the spring.
BOYS ARE BORN INDIANS.
So Says Writer Who Believes Normal
Youth Should Be Noisy.
I firmly believe ttint all American
boys, ut any rate those that are nor
mal, are born Indians, says U. W. Cal
vin in the American Club Woman.
This Indianistu is suppressed by sur
rounding circumstances in babyhood
and early boyhood. But, while it can
he kept suppressed for a time, it is
hound to break out eventually.
The mother should be on the watcli
for the time Vhen her Imy shall put
on ills war paint and feathers. When
she sees the signs she should let the
spirit have full play. If the locality of
her home allows of it she might let
the boy live in the woods while the
spell is on him. Let him build his
wigwam and make his bed in it. '
Perhaps more important than any
thing else is to see that the boy has
full opportunity to make all the noise
that his lungs and limbs will manu
facture. A boy can't develop without
noise.
The common difficulty with mothers
is that they fail to distinguish between
what are character faults and what
are annoying habits. A noisy boy. one
I that can't help slamming the doors,
has an annoying habit. But it is not
a character fault. It's an indication,
that there is something in him.
[ Character faults manifest them-
I selves negatively in a boy. There is
i always something wrong with a boy
who does not know how to make trou
! hie.
j Children, of course, should be allow
j ed to read the kind of stories that they
like. Their natural tendencies must
bo guided, but never thwarted. No
boy will want to read cheap detective
stories if his mind has been guided in
i the right direction. lie will crave
wholesome tales of adventure.
As the child lives in a world of its
! own imagination, we should not try
to yank it over headlong into our
sphere. It is nonsense to ask the child
to jump to us. We must get down to
him.
An Early Street Sweeper.
Recently at one o* the luncheons of
the City club of Philadelphia there was
; read an extract from the autobiogra
i phy of Benjamin Franklin which was
said to describe the first instance of
! street cleaning by contract in Phila
delphia. The incident is interesting
j also, however, as illustrating citizen
■ co-operation in its original simplicity,
says the Survey.
} "One day," Franklin wrote, "I found
a poor industrious man who was wlll
, ing to undertake keeping the pavement
; clean by sweeping it twice a week,
i carrying off the dirt from before all
the neighbors' doors, for the sum of
I sixpence per month, to be paid by each
house. I then wrote and printed a pa
per setting forth the advantages to the
neighborhood that might be obtained
by this small expense. I sent one of
these papers to each house and in a
day or two went around to see who
would subscribe to an agreement to pay
these sixpences. It was unanimously
j signed and for a time well executed.
This raised a general desire to have all
the streets paved and made the people
j more willing to subscribe to a tax for
| that purpose."