J.IVE STOCK J* AGRICULTURE
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•>. -V. :>■> > ' V . v
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A FINE PERCHERON STALLION.
THE NEW ORCHARD
Advantages to Fruit Growers
of Fall Setting.
KEEP WATER FROM ROOTS.
Greatest Danger From Winter Storms
Is Settling of Water Around Bases of
Trunks—Now Is the Time to Attend
to Odd Jobs About the Place.
. It is only -within a few years that
fruit growers have begun to realize the
advantages of setting out orchards
in the late fall instead of in spring, es
pecially in the more central latitudes,
where the ground seldom freezes to a
depth of more titan :i few inches.
*-In the first place, the ground is in
far better condition and more work
able than it usually is early in spring.
Then the planter has more leisure for
the selection and careful examination
from root to lip of his young trees,
which is desirable even when purchas
ed under a guarantee from the most
reliable nurseries, since insect enemies
and disease germs are as varied and
numerous and since the packers are
often so crowded by orders that there
is no time for close inspection of each
individual tree, says a writer in Knrm
I'rogress.
The trees, also, just entering on the
state of winter dormancy, fresh from
the soil in which they grew, have a
greater vitality than those that have
passed the winter in great bundles
merely "heeled In"to be ready for the
spring trade.
Unless the land for die projected or
chard is so naturally sloping, prefer
ably eastward or northward, that there
is perfect natural drainage ditching or
the draining is indispensable. The
greatest danger to fall set treoa is that
water from winter storms will stand
about the roots, a case in which few
would survive, especially the stone
fruits. To prevent this, even where the
general situation is all that could be
desired, particular pains should be tak
en to press each layer of earth as it is
tilled in closely and firmly among and!
over the roots, always, however, with
care not to scrape or bruise the latter,
and to slightly mound it up around the
trunk in the finish.
Unless each tree is firmly anchored
to a stout stake, which is not practi
cable in large orchards, it is apt to
wabble back and forth in high winds
and form a cavity into which air and
moisture will enter that would prove
very detrimental to the roots. .Mulch
ing with anything except ashes, and
this should not be put against the very
tender bark of young trees, is a ques
tionable practice, since field mice and
other vermin are liable to burrow un
der it and gnaw the trees.
The only alternative, then, is for the
orehardist to visit his young trees fre
quently in winter and when the ground
is open press the soil up close around
them, which he can do with die toe or
side of his boot.
It is seldom recommended to plant
berry fruits in the fall, but some of
the most successful growers claim to
have had for many successive years
far better results from fall set plants
than with 'hose put out in spring, and
as they start so much earlier much
time is gained.
Losses Through Exposure.
The Cornell agricultural station un
earthed die following facts by a series
of experiments conducted to determine
the exact losses fo stable manure when
exposed to leaching and weathering
A pile of manure that' contained ele
ments worth STi.4S after being exposed
for five mouths was worth only jP'J.tKI.
heaving manure in piles- in the field is
an antiquated method that should nev
er be practised for the reason that It
results in fertilizing the spots where
the heaps lit* too heavily, giving them
fully three times as much of the fer
tilizing elements as they need, while
three times as \ tnli ground receives
less than it needs or not enough to
make a showing.
I
i TIME TO DD FALL JOBS. *!"
i ±
Have you looked over the farm
X buildings to ascertain the repairs Ij.
1 T needed'/ V
iy This is a question that every A
X farmer should ask himself at £
•{• this season of the year. There X
X are boards loose on the build- £
1 *{• ings. there are walks and bridges
jto repair, doors that are sagging J
T and window panes that are rat- -J
--.j. tling, and should these go over X
X until next season unfixed it will -j*
»j. require twice as much material, .j.
V twice as much work, and you V
•{« will he out fhe benefit of hav
£ lug your buildings In shape. X
y There is a somber sound in the •{•
I pounding of loose clapboards X
j £ and the rattle of insecure win- v
-j- dow par.es. A loose clapboard X
X may lie detected by drawing a V
•!• hammer down the side of your X
X building and a different sound X
•[• will betray which one needs to -j.
Xbe fastened down securely. J*
•J* When anything is to be done •!-
•j. such as replacing boards or mill- X
I*£ ing them more securely, do it at v
•j. once: acquire this habit, and It X
X will eliminate those expenditures -j*
•{• of time and effort which eat up X
X profits.—National Stockman and "J"
•{• Farmer. Ijl
Beet Top Poisoning.
A word of caution is advisable on
feeding beet tops, livery fall the tops
are used for feed, and this is usually
done by turning the t uliuals into the
fields after the beets have been hauled
out; also every fall reports eoint in
of stock dying from eating the tops.
Death cones from two general
. causes. First and probably most com
' mon is the oxalic acid poisoning. Beet
tops contain a considerable amount of
this acid, and when an extensive
quantity of tops is consumed it is
very likely to produce oxalic acid poi
soning and death. The other cause
is mold, which grows on the beet tops
and is more prevalent in damp weath
er. Anything moldy is dangerous as a
food, but moldy tops ;. nd moldy beets
are especially so. The tops that are
dry, or nearly so. while they may not
; be so palatable, are really safer.
Storing Vegetables.
Onions.—Store in a loft rather than
in the cellar. In the latter they will
sprout to their injury. A few parsnips
for winter jse may be lifted and stored
i:i sand in the cellar, but as freezing
sweetens them it is best to leave many
of them outdoors for later use. Po
tatoes.—Store in bins one foot or
eighteen Inches deep, raised somewhat
from the floor. l>o not bruise or they
will be likely to rot. Hoots in the
nature of salsify and horseradish
freezing does not hurt, so the main
j lot may stay out where grown, but
J some should be dug and putin earth
in the cellar for winter use.
Hotbeds and Early Vegetables.
By using a hotbed to start young
! plants any one can have cabbages, to-
I matoes. lettuce, cauliflower and other
, | appetizing vegetables from two weeks
to a month earlier than his neighbors
who wait for the sun to sprout their
garden seeds. The entire cost, of a
substantial hotbed need not be over
sl2 to sl.l. and the materials can be
j used year after year.
Plan Next Year's Chickens Now.
liemove undesirably old roosters and
I hens. Next cull out all the crow
beaked, scrawny young stock. Con
tinue culling until only die most ro
bust, most attractive fowls, young and
old. are left. These will form the
foundation for improved chickens next
I year, when the process should be re-
Ipeated.
A Timely Hint Regarding Bees.
The beekeeper who |Kistpoiies all
1 preparations for winter until it is close
jat hand is unwise. A good queen, an
abundance of bees and a quantity of
wholesome stores are Important ac
| quisltions. it is better to think about
j these things as early as possible rath
er than in November or December.
THE ORIGIN OF SUGAR.
It Was First Made by the Chinese at
Least 3,000 Years Ago.
The Chinese, who invented nlrnost
everything before anybody else lieurd
of it, claim to be the original discover
ers of the process of sugar making,
and it is said that su&ir was used la
China as long ago as a,<MjO years. This
is misty, but the fact is well establish- \
ed that it was manufactured In China |
under the Tsin dynasty 2UO years at
least before the Christian era began.
India has put forward a claim for
priority of invention, but the probabil
ity Is that the Hindus learned the art
of sugar making from the Chinese and
that through them the knowledge dual
ly spread to the western nations. Ne
archuß when sent by Alexander on an
exploring voyage on the Indus brought
back reports of "honey" which was
made by the Asiatics from cane with
out the help of bees.
At this time neither the Greeks nor
the Jews nor the Babylonians had any
knowledge of sugar, but later the art]
of making the artificial "honey" be-1
came known and practiced, though Its!
progress and development were ex-j
ceedingly slow. It was prescribed as I
a medicine by Galen In A. I). ir>(), and j
up to the seventeenth century it had
become nothing more than a costly
luxury, to be used only on special occa
sions. Even as late as the beginning i
of the eighteenth century the annual
consumption of sugar in Croat Britain
had reached only 20.000.<M)0 pounds.]
whereas it is now more than 2.C00.000,-
(H)it pounds.
Refined sugar was not made in Kng-j
land till 1051). The art of refining was
learned by a Venetian merchant from
the Saracens, who sold the secret to
him for 100,(KM) crowns.
~N
Tho Headache Tree.
A curious member of the vegetable
kingdom li-.s been discovered In the
far east. it is a species of acacia
which grovs to a height of about
eight feet and when full grown closes
its leaves together In curls each day
at sunset and curls its twigs in tho
form of a pitfall. After the tree lias
settled itself in this way for a night's 1
sleep, like most sleepers. It objects to .
being disturbed. If touched It will
flutter as if agitated and impatient at:
the Interruption of Its slumbers. The
oftener the foliage is molested the!
more violent becomes the shaking of;
the branches, and at length the tree
emits a nauseating odor, which if in-!
haled for a few moments will cause a
violent headache.
A Damper on Thrift.
A tourist in the mountains of Ten-1
nessee once had dinner with a queru
lous old mountaineer who yarned about,
hard times for fifteen minutes at a !
stretch. "Why. man." said the tourist.]
"you ought to lie able to make lots of
money shipping green corn to the north-'
em market."
"Yes. I orter." was the sullen reply.
"You have the land. I suppose, and
can get the seed."
"Yes, I guess so."
"Then why don't you go into the
speculation?"
"No use. stranger." sadly replied the]
cocker: "the old woman is too lazy i
j to do the plowin" and plantln'."—Kan- i
| sas City Star.
Color.
| Our hero beat his young wife until
| she was black and blue,
j "The feminine characters in a so
! ciety novel are so apt to be colorless."
j said he in explanation of tlie seeming
J gauclierle.—Detroit Free Press.
| JUST A FEW MINUTES OF FUN |
Merely a Yarn.
I "You iire crewel," sighed the swnin.
"Is that sew?" giggled the damsel.
"Darn It!" he cried, his temper ris
ing. "Are .vou never going to stop
breaking the thread of my discourse?"
"Knit!" she retorted.
lienlizing that he was worsted, he
| stifled the impulse to say something
iknotty and wound himself up.—Judge. |
Taking Him at His Word.
I Kmployer -\\ hat do yon mean Ity
I taking a day off? I only gave you a
; half holiday.
] Clerk—Vou told me yourself never to, 1
!do anything by halves.—New York
| Mall.
A Fatal Suggestion.
He (rather dltlldenti—Er—now that
we are engaged 1 suppose you—er—
won't object to my kissing you.
She (much less moi— Certainly not.
Help yourself. And when mamma
comes in I want you to kiss her also.
I He— S-say, let's b-break the eugage
-1 meut!—Chicago News.
ILL FATED BEAUTY
History Links Misfortune With!
Loveliness In Womankind.
THE FATE OF CLEOPATRA.'
Julia Donna, the Poor Girl Who Be
camo Empress of Rome, but Whose
Charms Accomplished Her Undoing.;
Luckless Helen of Troy.
Why envy beauty when history;
lends emphasis to the conclusion that
| usually beauty is a misfortune to its
possessor? it was loveliness of face
and form that wrecked Cleopatra,
who in turn wrecked Mark Antonv,
broke the heart of Octavia and brought
the horrors of civilized war upon im
perial Koine. The great Julius fell a
j victim to her charms at a single inter-'
| view.
1 Cleopatra was a beautiful and mag !
I niftcent creature and never failed to
I captivate those who passed before her. '
She was as Intelligent as she was 1
beautiful. No woman has surpassed
her In cunning.
Mow she died is a mystery. The •
j story of the asp biting her to death is
■ a myth, but authorities agree that she
met a violent death by her own hand.
There is the story of Julia Donna,
who. in her maiden days a poor, huiu-
I hie girl, was on account of her per- ;
sonal magnetism raised from a com
mon sphere to the highest that im
perlal Home could offer. She became
the wife of Severus and thus empress
of Home, ller beauty was her evil !
fate, as she permitted ail to approach
her with their sentiments. Finally, :
despairing of ever becoming again the
power she once was in Home, deserted
by those who brought her to her nils-'
cry. forsaken by her friends, she end- 1
ed her days in starvation.
There was yet another beautiful Ho
man Julia, who. through her extreme!
beauty, was Introduced to and became '
the wife of a famous senator when she
was only sixteen. Between that age]
i and twenty-four she lived up to the
i traditions of the times, succumbed to
j the conceit of her own channs. be
came the prey of flatterers, conspired!
1 against her husband and was put to a
] violent death.
Helen of Troy was tied io a tree
and strangled, a condign punishment
for the errors she fell into solely on
account of her beauty. She was re
; sponsible for the many years' siege of
: Troy, her husband, Menelaus. being de
i termined to revenge himself on Paris.
Josephine, wife of Napoleon 1., was
said by her husband to he "most truly !
, a lovely woman, refined. afFablo,
! charming, a goddess of the toilet, kind j
j and humane," yet because no son was 1
| born to them Napoleon divorced her.
and she died an absolutely crushed
1 woman.
They Wouldn't Lay.
| A bashful young woman from a
i backwoods county in Virginia went
into a local store carrying three chick
ens. She inquired the price of chickens
j and at the same time put them on the
! counter.
"Will they lay there?" asked fhe
| clerk, who did not know that the chick-
I ens' legs were tied.
She hit her hankerchief in embar
rassment a moment and said:
j "No. sir; they are roosters."—-Lippin
] cott's.
That Crooked Arm.
If there is anything Archibald was ]
fond of It was girls. Fair, dark, tall,
short, sweet, sour, plain, pretty, he
; adored them all, and never went out
to a theater or a cifhcert without a 1
bevy of at least half a dozen. C'onse- .
quently when he fell downstairs one
day and broke his arm the chief regret
that crossed his mind was that he j
; would be unable to take Elizabeth
and Milly and Catherine and the rest j
I of them to see the 'day that night.
' "I'm afraid It's a bad job." pro- 1
noil need the surgeon, who had come i
to set the arm. "Even when It has I
. jaled the arm will remain crooked."
"Never mind the crook*" replied ]
i Archibald. "Set It for hugging and
go ahead!"— Tit-lilts.
Would Like Revenge.
Yeast—Do you ever catch your wife
talking to herself?
Crltnsonbeak—No; I wish to gracious |
I could.—Yonkers Statesman.
Everything In Stock.
"I want some lawn."
"Yes'm. Dress or front yard?'' h
ARE YOU LEFT HANDED?
j Come Observations of Interest Con- '
earning This Peculiarity.
I There was a fad some twenty years
j ago among certain classes to make the
' children use both hands equally, with
; a view to developing ambidexterity.
] There were very few successful results.
On the contrary, the children that used
! only oue hand seemed to get along bet- 1
ter in every way. especially in Intel- •
lectual development. The explanation I
; for this is found in the fact that the :
! control of the hand is Intimately con-1
nected with the development of lan-j
i guage, but the brain centers flint have
i to do with language are situated on
the left side—that Is. i:i connection ]
with the centers that control the right ]
arm and hand.
An examination of thousands of hu- .
man skeletons showed that In every I
case in which the right arm had a
greater development than the left-arm
there was a corresponding develop- ]
ment on the left side of the skull, j
: Left handed persons would according
i !y be expected to have less language
I ability, on the whole, than right hand
ed persons, and children that used both
1 hands indifferently under compulsion
would hinder still more the develop
ment of their ability In the use of lan
guage.
In tho Cierman army Pr. Bnrdleben
found 3.8S per cent of left handedness.
This figure is to be considered as rath
er lower than the true ratio, as many
left handed men deny or fail to report
the fact. In northeastern parts of Oer
many left handedness Is less frequent
than in the central parts. It is c-url
i>us that among the monkeys the orang
j ontang and the hylobates are right
handed, while the gorilla and the chim
panzee are left handed. Harper's
Weekly.
A Church Without Services.
There is in London, within a few
| yards of the beautiful marble arch In
Hyde park, a church in which no serv
ices are ever held. This Church of the
Ascension, as it is culled, was built by
Mrs. Itussell Oumey as a memorial to
i her husband, and she expressly stnted
that the edifice was to be used for
prayer, rest and meditation solely. A
handsome building it is. with its tessel
lated floors and its numerous line
i paintings. Over the door is posted this
! notice, explaining the true object of
: the church: "Passengers through the
busy streets of London, enter this sanc
tuary for rest and silence and prayer.
Let the pictured walls within speak of
the past yet ever continuing ways of
j Cod with man."
COME HOME TO THANKSGIVING
Come, rest a bit. clear wife, for all
Is now in neat array
\ And waiting- trim, and all the bairns
Are 'coining homo today.
j There's goodly store of cakes and pies
And jell in quivering: molds.
I And piles on piles of fruit and nuts
The spacious granary holds.
There's savory smell of roasting: fowls,
And all is of tho best.
So let the girls keep watch, dear wife.
And sit you down and rest.
The train will soon be com. •« T in
With John and James ana h,
, Each with a little family,
A goodly sight in truth.
It's just n year apro today
, Slneo xi 11 have gathered here,
AIM! there's a grandchild coming, too,
We didn't have last year.
So rest awhile, dear wife, and let
i l"s count our blessings o'er
And thankful be? that all the bairns
Are coming homo once more.
—Selected.
Eureka!
] I'itzfoozle (a beginuer who is "teach
ing" a lady on the men's links and
! loses a clubi— l'ardon me, sir. Have
you seen a lady's club anywhere?
Admiral I'eppercorn (very Irate at be
ing delayed, wishes ladies would play
on their own course)—No, sir. but
there's a goose dub at the Pig and
; Whistle, I believe. Try that!— Punch.
An Obedient Son.
:
"
"Clarence, did you peel that apple
before eating it, as 1 told you?"
"Yes, mother."
"What did you do with the peel?"
"I ate It, mother."—New York Mall.
Characteristic.
Nell—She has an automobile tongue.
ltelie—What do you mean?
Nell—Oh, she's always running other
people down.—Philadelphia llecord.
Not Wholly Selfish.
"I hear that he's left the bank."
j "Yes, and from what 1 hear that was
I all he did leave."
AN ODD PROPOSAL
By MARY MANTELLI.
There was a ring at the bell that
called mo to iny chief. 1 took up my
pencil and book and went to his office.
He didn't notice me, busying lilmself
I with some papers before him. 1 took
my usual seat, sharpened a pencil and
j waited. 1 glanced at Ills face, and It
occurred to me that he had something
;on his mind. Presently he threw
| down the papers and said abruptly:
"Are you ready?"
I told him that I was, and he dic
| tated two or three letters, then said:
j "If you give these letters to the girls
j to type please read ovef their copies
■ before they are sent out. Too are the
i only oue I can trust."
"Certainly: is that all?"
lie fidgeted, taking up first a pen,
; then a book and dropping both. Then,
i turning squarely to me, he Bald:
j "No; there's a lot more to come. It
I isn't business, but I've been a business
man so long that I can't do unytlilng
except in a business way. So I shall
make a muddle of it."
j "Can't Ido it for you?"
"No—yes."
I "How?"
"The way you often help me with
i my letters when you infuse policy Into
them, only in this case sentiment is to
go In instead."
"Very well. Proceed."
liu going abroad. I want a stenog
rapher with ine. I've dictated so long
that I can write nothing but my name.
' 1 want you. You can't go without be
ing married. Will you marry ine?"
"Excuse me, Mr. Burlon. I'm not
i : capable of infusing any sentiment Into
that bald statement."
"Then why not dispense with the
sentiment?"
"The statement is yours, not mine.
] If you prefer to dispense with the sen
- timent I am agreeable."
J "Well, what is your answer?"
"No."
>1 "Your reason?"
i"I decline to give a reason."
1 "H'm! I like that. How do you sup-
Pose I am to reduce you to my will
- without knowing what I have to over
-9 come?"
4 "\ou seeai to lie able to get your
' way wltfi people in business."
"I*ut I told you in the beginning thin
' is not a matter of business."
■ "What kind of a matter do you call
• it—something like an auxiliary yacht
that is moved part by steam and part
by wind?"
"Yes: the steam is the only force by
j which it can lie sure to get anywhere.
This disposition to take a wife and to
get her is the all important factor in
my case. The rest is wind."
"That makes it very easy. Almost
any of the girls in the office would
jump at your proposal."
"You ilatter me. I'll not give any of
tliem the opportunity to .lump."
"If I marry it will be for love."
"What is love but a sentimental con
dition."
"If that is true, why do you marry?
There are plenty of men stenogra-
I pliers Take a man abroad with you."
"H'm! That, no doubt, would be the
most sensible way out of it. The trou
ble is that I've got used to dictating to
| you. You take all the roughness out of
Imy letters, replacing it with policy,
I and when they goto their destination
they produce the best possible effect.
In other words, you have become a
j part of me."
; "Only an intellectual part."
- ! " v 'i keep me from doing many fool
..gS."
If I succeed in keeping you from
marrying simply to take a stenogra
pher abroad with you I will certainly
prevent your doing a foolish thing."
lie drummed with his lingers on his
desk for uwhile. My last argument
had told. Presently he said:
! "As to the folly of the proceeding, 1
am the best judge. I didn't mean by
saying 'you keep me from doing fool
ish things' that you can run me better
than I can run myself. I referred
' more especially to my communications
I with others."
I"The woman you propose to take
with you, for instance."
He smiled a faint, sickly smile. "If
j she were some one else you could do
i the Job beautifully," he said shame
; facedly.
j "There you are wrong. No one can
. do such a Job for another, or, if so. It
j will still be only a job."
■ lie sat for some moments in silence,
■ evidently rolling the matter over and
over in his mind. Tresently I arose
I and was about to withdraw.
"Sit down."
I resumed my seat.
"You have beaten me at every point,"
he added presently. "You have a lot
of common sense in that head of yours,
and that's the reason 1 want yon,
though I presume there are other rea
sons to which my practical nature
blinds me. But I can't 'talk soft,' and
if there's no way but that to get you
I fear I must let you go."
Somehow this statement seemed to
: take the wind out of my sails. It was
: my turn to feel that he had the advan
tage of me.
j "I—l—don't know," I said haltingly,
j "that it is necessary to talk exactly
j soft."
"Isn't the usual method in such cases
j talking soft? At any rate, it is a bit
| old fashioned. It has been going on
! ever since Adam was spoons on Eve."
I "It isn't necessary to talk at all."
He looked aside at me quickly and
; threw his arms about me. That which
: lie was endeavoring or pretending to
i endeavor to conceal poured forth with
the rush of mighty waters. For half
an hour he gave me what he had told
me he considered maudlin seaUmeut>
V I went abroad with blm.