0000000000000000000000000 8 F' rs t Models of 3 | great Inventions, g oocoooooooo ooooooocococoo That vast mausoleum of wrecked hopes and blighted ambitions, the model department of the United States Patent Office in Washington, Is illum inated here and there with the original models of the very great inventions. In one of the cabinets is to be seen FIItST WASHBOARD—FIRST PAIR PEG SHOES—MORSE'S MODEL. Morse's original model of the telegraph instrument, fashioned by his own hands. The model is very crudely made, but it inspires reverence in the visitor, and even a certain sort of awe, when he pauses to think of what the telegraph has done for the advance ment of the world, and what a slow universe this would be if we did not have telegraphic communication with our fellow beings the world over. In another cabinet, inspiring the MODEI, C F THE FIRST TYPEWRITER, same soit of reverence, and bringing thoughts of the days when every bit of sewing in the world was done by hand, is Elias Howe's model of the sewing machine. The visitor uncon sciously repeats to himself the words of the song of the shirt, "Stitch, Stitch, Stitch," and thinks of the agony of that stitching in the days of Hood, when it was all done by hand. Elias Howe's tirst sewing machine is almost as crude as Morse's telegraph HOWE S SEWING MACHINE. iounder, but In both cases the model jperated exactly as described in the specifications, and the patents were iccordingly granted. Not a whit less interesting is the lodel of the first typewriter, the iu ention of It. J". P. Allen, a Kentuck in. It is still more roughly made than lie models of the telegraph and sew-1 IRST ELECTRIC ARC AND FIRST INCANDESCENT LIGHT. ig machine, but it proved to be ♦juile s Important nu invention. The first pair of peg shoes is another iteresting invention exhibited in the model room. The patent on peg shoe* was granted to S. B. Hitchcock and J. Bement on July 30, 1811. Then there Is the first washboard. It is as fresh-lookirg to-day as when it was first placed in the cabinet, and shows not a particle of corrosion, al though the name of the inventor waa S. Rust, and it was Bust himself who made the modtg. The patent Is dated February 9, IS3B. The first arc elec tric light was made by Collier and Baker, and patented by them May 18, 1858. The first Incandescent lamp was the invention of Gardiner and Blos som. to whom a patent was granted June 29, 1858. Both the arc and the Incandescent lights, it will be noticed, were Invented In the same year. Noth ing could be more different than the incandescent lamp of 1858, and that of to-day. When you happen to be in Wash ington go over to the Patent Office and spend a few "hours looking around the model room. You will tiud your pains well rewarded.—New York Mail and Express. Klectrocutes the RedcntH. The electric mouse trap is the latest novelty to aid in exterminating the pests which infest dwellings and other buildings, and the inventor intends that it shall lie the cause of many a shocking death. There is no compli cated mechanism about the trap; in fact, it is so simple that the wary rodent is not at all likely to regard the device with suspicion. Everything' is in plain sight, and the animal is not compelled to Insert its head in a noose or to enter a cage in order to reach A VERY SHOCKING AFFAIR. the bait. In this case the tempting morsel is suspended within easy reach, but the instant the electrical current is completed by the rodent itself denlh ensues without the bait being dis turbed. The trap consists of two me tallic plates connected by wires to an electric light circuit, the plates being Insulated by a plate of non-conducting material placed between. The bait holder is suspended from a supporting arch secured to the outer plate. There are numerous small animals which may be captured in this way, and the Inventor also Intends It for use in de stroying roaches and bugs of various sorts. The electrocution is accom plished by the passage of the current from one plate to the other through the body of the rodent or insect. Tlio inventor of this ingenious device Is C. M. Shafer. A lucid explanation is one that coin cides with our views. New Zealand sent Great Britain 1,« 457.197 hundredweight of muttonj valued at $10,000,000 in the course oi last year. , MOST FAMOUS OF DIAMONDS. ' England'* Crown Jewel, the Koh-I-Noor Will Be Worn by Queen Alexandra. The Koh-i-noor, one of the most fa mous diamonds in the world, wlilcl used to be worn on special state oc casions by Queen Victoria, may be, conspicuous again at the coronation The ls ls understood to have or dered it to be placed in the special crown that is being made for Queen Alexandra. The Koh-i-noor, which ie usually kept among the crown jewels at the tower, was discovered originally in the celebrated mines of Golconda, about the middle of the sixteenth cen tury. It passed through the hands of several Indian princes, and was pre sented to Queen Victoria in 1849 by Dhuleep Singh, the last native ruler of the Punjaub. The value of this famous gem has been estimated at $10,000,000. The Koh-i-noor had a narrow escape before it reached the late Queen. Af ter the annexation of the Punjnub in 1849 it was given up to the British, and at a meeting of the Board was handed to John (afterward Lord) Law rence in a small box beneath many folds of linen for sare keeping. He placed it in his waistcoat pocket and forgot the treasure. When he dressed for dinner the waistcoat containing it was thrown carelessly on one side. At a subsequent meeting of the Punjaub Board Henry Lawrence suggested to Ills brother the advisability of at once forwarding the Koh-i-noor to Queen J Victoria. John Lawrence had forgot- j ten that the diamond had been given him; then suddenly remembering, he j quitted the Board with an unruffled countenance, hurried home and in- j quired of ills manservant if he had seen a small box which had been left in his waistcoat pocket. "Yes, sahib," the man replied, "I found it.and put it in one of your drawers." "Bring it here," said Lawrence. The servant produced it. "Now," said his master, ! "open it and see what It contains." j The old native obeyed, and after re moving the folds of linen, he said, ' "there is nothing here, sahib, but a bit i of glass." "Good," said John Law rence, with a sigh of relief, "you can j leave it with me." Forto Itlco's Slone Collars. The puzzle of archaeologists in th» American Museum of Nntural History, says the New York Herald, is what j are termed the "6toue collars" from | Torto Rico. Sonor Lopez-Nassa, an 1 erudite native, recently has written j entertainingly of other antiquities, and j slates ills belief that they were used j for ceremonial purposes. Professor \ Otis T. Mason advanced the same h.v- j pothesls in 187t>, soon after the ar- | rival of specimens at the Smithsonian ; Institution. They are of the same size and shape j os an ordinary horse collar, and made ONE OP THE STONE COLLARS. of very hard, greenish colored stone. They are all more or less ornamented i by a knot, or shoulder, 011 either the j right or left side, which is covered j with strange figures cut into the hard ' atone. At the present writing anthropolo gists have discovered the purpose or use of everything manufactured by prehistoric man with the exception of these strange Porto Rican "collars." •'Getting Into a Scrape?" This popular phrase, involving the use of au English word, in a sense dif ferent from its proper meaning, has considerably puzzled English lexico graphers. One, more ingenious than the oth ers, has traced its origin to the game of golf. In the North of Scotland this game Is played upon downs, or links, 011 the seashore, where many rabbits burrow. The small hole with which these ani- , mals begin their burrows is called In I that part of the country "rabbit scrapes," or simply "scrapes." It often happens, in the progress of a game of golf, that the ball of some unfortunate player brings up in one of t'Aese scrapes and is with difficulty re moved. Special rules had therefore to be made for the player "in a scrape." This would seem an intelligible source for an otherwise rather unintel ligible expression.—New York Times. The city of Portland, Me., has in its streets thirty thousand shade trees, some of which were planted more than half a century ago. STOKER BECOMES A MAYOR. Dannl* Mnlvllhll Goes From Factory Fur nace to city Hall. We herewith reproduce the picture of Dennis Mulvihill, the new Mayor of BrJlgeport, Conn., who until his election was employed as a fireman In a manufacturing plant at sl4 a week. " 'Honesty' will be the watchword ol this administration," declared the "stoker Mayor," in his inaugural speech. Mr. Mulvihill has worked at the same furnace for thirty years. He was born In Ireland fifty-six years ago. In 1896 he was elected Alderman. He is the first Mayor elected on the Demo cratic ticket in that city in the last ten years. Mr. Mulvihill was so con- DENNIS MULVIHILL. fident of success that four days before election he went from the fire pit to the office of the factory and resigned his employment, saying he might be back after two years. A Curious Windmill. A windmill is apt to be a very pro saic and ugly construction, but many ] attempts have been made with vary | ing success to beautify these very use ful and economic power producers. ) This engraving from the Scientific j American illustrates A TREE WINDMILL. mechanics are sometimes blended. The trees serve only as a support for the platform at the top, and as side rails of a ladder, it being necessary only to provide rounds. The trees serve also to stay the iron support. The wind mill, which was built by J. G. Benster, of Moline, 111., Is of peculiar constru tion, there being 110 gear wheels 110? crank, the power being transmitted by an involute wheel which is a part of the steel wheel to which the fans are attached. The surface of the involute Is perfectly smooth, as is also that of the wheel attached to the pitman car rier, the one rolling upon the other. The luast Is of tubing, the pitman being carried down inside. The wires for throwing the mill out of gear are attached to a thimble on the outside of the mast. From this it will be seen that the trees are not needed for act ual support. A number of these mills have been attached to trees and have been giving excellent results. It Is also possible to carry the mills around on a wagon and set them to work at any part of a field. lirltislt Naral Wetldlntr Custom. By an old custom which obtains in the Navy the marriage of an officer is signalized by the hoisting of a wreath of flowers, with silken 112« reamers, on the vessel to which lie belongs, says t h e J time since the new royal yacht Vic-j j toria and Albert was commissioned the; I custom has just been carried out on! j that vessel in honor of the marriage), of Lieutenant Mansell, her First Lieu- j tenant, to Miss Louisa Richards, the! j daughter of .l naval captain. At night: [ the wreath was brilliantly illuminated 1 with the electric light | I)B. TALMAGE'S SERMON SUNDAY'S DISCOURSE BY THE NOTED DIVINE. fint>J«ct: Grasp Present Opportunities A Prediction That tile New Tear Will lio One* of tlie Greatest of All Time Prepare For the Future. WASHINGTON, D. C.—ln this, Dr. Tal mage's thst discourse Tor the new yeav be speaks words of encouragement to all the timid and doubting. The text is Esodus xii, 2, "This month shall be unto you tKe beginning of months; it shall be the first month ot the year to you." The last month of the old year has passed out of sight, and the first month of the new years has arrived. The midnight gate lust Wednesday opened and January entered. She deserves a better name, for she is called after Janus, the heathen deity who, they supposed, presided over doors, and so might be expected to preside at the opening of the year. This month waa of old called the wolf month because, through the severity of its weather, the hungry wolves came down seeking food and devouring human life. In the missals of the middle ages January was represent ed as attired in white, suggestive of the snow, and blowing the lingers, as though Buffering from the cold, and having a bun dle of wood under the arm, suggestive of the warmth that must be kindled! Yes, January is the open door of the year, ano3t stupen dous events in the world's history and a rooking of cradles and the digging of graves that have affected nations. In this month American independence was de clared, followed by Lexington and Bunker Hiil and Monmouth and Valley Forge and Yorktown. January saw the proclamation that abolished American slavery. Though at the time there were two mighty opin ions and they were exactly opposed—those who liked the document and those who dis liked it—there is but one opinion now, and if it were put to vote in all the States of the South, '"Shall slavery be reinstated?" there would be an overwhelming vote of "No!" The pen with which the document was signed and the inkstand that con tained the ink are relics as sacred and val uable as the original Declaration of Inde pendence, with all its erasures and inter lineations. The institution which for sev enty or eighty years kept the nation in angry controversy has disappeared, and nothing is left to fight about. The North and the South to-day are in a» complete accord as ever were flute and cornet in the same orchestra. 'I ho North has built its factories on the banks of the Chattahoochee and the Roa noke, and the South has sent many of its ables attorneys into our northern court houses, its ino9t skilful physicians into our sick rooms, its wisest bankers into our exchanges, its most consecrated ministers into our pulpits—all this the result of the proclamation of January 1, ISO 3. Furthermore, I notice that January has been honored with the nativity of "some of the greatest among the nations. Ed mund Burke was born this month, the marvel and glory of the legal world; Fene ion of the religious world, Benjamin Frank lin of the philosophic world, William IT. Preseott of the historic world, Sir John Moore of the military world, Robert Burns of the poetic world, Polycarp of the mar tyr world, Peter the Great of the kingly world, Daniel Webster of the statesman world. But I cannot read the epitaphs of one out of a hundred illustrious graves in this first month of the year. Many of those well known gained half their renown and did half their work through the help of those of whom we know litt* or nothing. Lordl Hersehel is known all the world over and will be known through all time, but little} is said of her who was born this first' month of the year, and without whose help he never could have been what he was—his sister, Caroline Lueretia Augus ta. She helped him hunt the worlds: She repaired and adjusted his telescopes. She ciphered out his astronomical prob lems. She was his amanuensis. She planned for him his work. She discovered seven comets and made "A Catalogue of Nebulae and Star Clusters. - ' The month of January introduced her to the observa tories, but she has never been properly in troduced to the world. Cultivate faith in God and the feeling that He will do for you that which is best, and you will be ready for either sunshine or shadojr. The other eleven months of the year 1902 will not all be made up of gladness or of grief. The cup that is all made up of sweetness is insipid. Between these just opened gates of the year and the closing of those gates there will be many times when you will want God. You will have questions to decide which will need supernatural impulse. There may be illnesses of the body or per plexities of mind or spiritual exhaustions to be healed and comforted and strength ened. During the remaining twenty-six days of this month lay in a supply of faith and hope and courage for all the days of the eleven months. Start right, und you will be apt to keep right. Before the ship captain gets out of t!iO New York Narrows he makes up his mina what sea route he will take. While you are in the narrows of this month make up your mind which way you will sail an<£ unroll your chart and set your compass and have the lifeboats well placed on the davits and be ready for smooth voyage all the way across or the swoop of a Carib bean whirlwind. •> Rev. Solomon Spaulding was for some time in poor health, and to while away the time he wrote a preposterous religious ro mance. One Joseph Smith somehow got hold of that book before it was printed and published it as a revelation of heaven, calling it the "Book of Mormon," and from that publication came Mormonjsm, the monster abomination of the earth. Rev. Solomon Spaulding; might have been better engaged than writing that book of falsehoods. However much time we have, we never have time to do wrong. Harness January for usefulness, and it will take the following months in its train. Oh, how much you may do for God between now and the 31st of next December! The beautiful "weeping willow" tree was introduced by Alexander Pope into England from a twig which the poet found in a Turkish basket of figs. He planted that twig, and from it came all the weep ing willows of England and America, and your smallest planting of good many un der God become an influence continental and international. Now that the train of months has started, let it pass, January followed by February, with longer days, and March, with its fierce winds; and April, with its sudden showers; and May, with its blos soming orchards; and June, with its car nival of flowers; and July, with its ha< vests; and August, with its sweltering heats; and September, with its drifting leaves; and October, with its frosts; ana November, with its Thanksgiving scenes; and December, with its Christmas hilari ties. March on, O battalion of months, in the regiments of the years and the bri gades of the centuries! March on and join the months and years and centuries already passed until all the rivers of time, have emptied into the ocean of eternity, but none of all of the host ought to render higher thanks to God or take larger com fort or make more magnificent resolve than this the first month of the new year. But what fleet foot hath the months and years! People lightly talk about how they kill time. Alas, it dies soon enough with out killing. And the longer we live the swifter it goes. William C. Bryant said an old friend of his declared that the going of time is like the drumming of the partridge or muffled grouse in the woods, falling slow and distinct at first and then following each other more and more rapid 'y till thev end at last in a whirring sound. But Br. Young, speaking of the value oi time, startlingly exclaimed, "Ask death beds!" [Ccp.'Tirht, ISK2, L. Klopscb.]