SHAVING IN n ORTO RICO, j
No Use. for American Razors or the Otis- |
tomary Soap.
The natives of our new territory,
Porto Ilico, lmve no need to buy soap,
for tlie wooded country abounds in
plants whose leaves ami bulbs supply
most fully the place of that indispens
able article. Among the best of these
is the soaptree, so called,though il is
more a bush than a tree. Its bulb
ivhen rubbed on wet clothes makes a :
snow-white lather, which has an odor
like brown Windsor soap. The Porto
Kicans, who are itll. from the highest
to the lowest, great dandies in their
way, make soap out of cocoanut oil
and homemade lye—and a fine soap it
is, smooth and fragrant. This cocoa
nut oil soap is used for shaving.
When a man wishes to have a shave
iu the morning lie starts out with his
cocoanut shell cup. and his donkey tail
brush and bottle. It is never any
trouble to And an einpty bottle iu Porto
itico, Cuba Jamaica, or almost any of
the larger West India islands, even in
remote spots in the mountains. At
least twenty generations of thirsty
people have lived there and llit'own
away bottles. The man carries no
mirror; lie is too poor to own such a
luxury .Not one house in twenty in
Porto Rico has even the very cheapest
looking glass. Hut generously rich
nature provides the mirror, as well
as the soap. The man goes to some
convenient pool in the mountain stream
where the water is quite still —there
is iiis mirror, lie breaks his bottle on
a stone, and deftly picks out a sharp
piece of suitable size. Then he lathers
his face profusely, and begins to
scrape away with his piece of glass,
which in his hands works as well as the
best: steel razor. A cut, or even a
slight scratch, is extremely rare as a
result of this al fresco form of shaving.
Itetrayed b.v a Pontage Stamp.
Some folks always stamp their
letters upside down for luck, said a
postoffice inspector in a reminiscent
mood, "and others put the stamp on
tlie back, which makes the cancellation
clerk forget his religion. 1 remember
we caught a fellow once through the
peculiar way he stamped a letter. He
was wanted for frivollug with the laws
of Uncle Sam. but had skipped out
anil couldn't be located. In looking
over some of his correspondence 1 had
noticed that he always put the stamp
crosswise, so as to leave a small tri
angle of tile envelope at the upper
right hand corner. Why lie iliil it 1
don't know, but the stamp was always
in that one particular spot, and gum
med down with mathematical accura
cy,. One day 1 was in a certain
Georgia town, and while loafing near
the cancellation table tit the postothce
noticed several letters stamped as 1
have described. Just on chance 1 took
;i memoranda of the address and post
mark. which was Chattanooga, and
happening to be in that place on the
following week I collared my man as
he was inquiring for his mail. Tlie
letters I noticed turned out to have
been addressed to his wife. When I
told him how 1 got my pointer he was
mail as blazes, and I guess he stamps
his letters straight now—if he is out
yet.
Safety Taper.
A new kind of safety paper for
banks etc., is announced, though the
inventor's name does not appear, it is
a foreign idea, one feature of the in
vention consisting in printing or other
wise impressing on the paper employed
a plurality of sets of lines or marks,
one or more of which sets are indel
ible and the remaining sets dclible;
these lines or marks are made so tine
and so closely alternating or relative
ly disposed that, iu ordinary observa
tion with tlie naked eye. no single line
or mark is distinguishable. Again,
the indelible lines or marks are made
of a color differing from though com
plementary to that of the delible lines
or marks, so that, owing to their close
juxtaposition, they will convey the
impresiou of a color differing from
those of either of the sets of lines or
marks. Thus, any chemical action or
erasure* on such paper would, it is
claimed, beat once discernible, anil the
shade made by the two color combina
tions would be hard to duplicate.
Queer Bread.
The Swedes, as the people of Sweden
are called, bake their rye bread only
two or three times a year; and what
a nuking it is, to be sure! It lasts for
a week or more, and how busy every
one is! They do not bake this bread in
loaves, but they make it in flat cakes
about the size of a dinner-plate with
it large hole in the middle.
Artificial Wine.
About ".">O.OOO gallons of artificial
wine are being made from barley
every year in a large factory in Ham
burg. The medical profession in tier
many thinks very highly of the wine,
and recommends it in the hospitals of
that country.
Clay ripen.
The British museum contains a very
full collection of clay pipes, dating
back as far us the sixteenth century.
The custom of waxing the pipe to
prevent it sticking to the lips was in
troduced by the Dutch about the year
1700.
The Beit Soldiers.
A foreign medical officer, speaking
of soldiers, states that physical matur
ity does not occur till between the ages
of twenty-three and twenty-live. Hoys
under twenty are almost sure to break
down. The best armies are those with
twenty-two years as the minimum.
Gunpowder Test
The tost required of gunpowder of
any anil all classes is to give the pro
jectile a muzzle velocity of 2.000 feet
per second, with a pressure not greater
than fifteen tons to the square Inch
In the powder chamber.
Klepliant Teetli
Elephants have only eight teeth
two above and two below on each side.
All elephants' "baby teeth" fall out
when the animal is about fourteen
years old. and a new set grows.
The Atlantic Cable.
About three seconds are occupied In
transmitting a message from one end
of the Atlantic-cable to the other.
This is about seven hundred miles a
second.
GROWING GOLD.
Experiment*.
It is generally supposed that the nug
gets which are found In lb» rive; j
gravels of Klondike and other aurifer
ous regions have been brought down
by the rivers direct from the reefs in
which tlie gold origiuall.v lay.
Many practical miners and scientific
men. however, have long been of the
opinion that this cannot be the case, for
no masses of gold of so large a size are
ever found in the reefs themselves.
They believe, on the other hand that
the nuggets have grown where they
are now found, just as a crystal of
salt will grow is strong brine; but with
so insoluble a' substance as gold It Is j
difficult to understand how such
growth could take place. Experiments
carried out in Australia have shown
that decaying vegetable matter will
cause the deposition of gold from
solutions of gold salts, but these salts
are not known to occur in reefs.
The mystery is now solved. A Slav
onic chemist named Zzigniody has just
shown that gold itself can exist in a
soluble form. Hy acting ou a slightly
alkaline solution of a gold salt with
formaldehyde and submitting the pro
duet to dialysis he has succeeded iu ob
taining gold in a collodical condition,
in which state it is soluble in water
and may lie precipitated by the addi
tion of common salt. It is washed out
by the rain, carried away in solution
by the rivers, anil deposited in the
river gravels whereever there is any
thing containing salt to cause Its pre
cipitation. In the course of ages a
large nugget may be formed in this
way.
Courageous Animals,
In North America one of the largest
of the weasel family is the "fisher," a
very large, long-furred polecat, living
mainly by the waterside, and, like
many' others of tlie tribe very partial
to fish. It weighs about sixteen
pounds, and its long, richly colored fur
is exported in great quantities to dif
ferent parts of Europe, though not
often used in this country. A trapped
"fisher" will attack apyone who comes
in reach of the trap chain, and when
free will beat off any dog of twice its
size. But perhaps the most striking
example of the courage of the smaller
species yet recorded is that known as
the fishing cat, which, though no rela
tion, to the Canadian "fisher." is quite
as courageous. Oue of these, which
was kept in a menagerie, broke
through into the next cage, and there
attacked and killed a leopard which
was three times its own size.
The Indian mongoose possesses all
the courage of the polecat, together
with amiability anil a "regulated"
mind. It turns its pluck and prowess
to good ends, and we imagine it to
stand at tin- head of tlie lis! of tlie
smaller animals if quality as well as j
quantity is demanded as a mark of j
intrepidity. There is no doubt that the i
mongoose realizes the deadly nature of
the cobra's bite. Its intense excite
ment is strong evidence of this. But
a mongoose has been known to tight
just as bravely against other foes.
One was seen to attack and drive off
a large greyhound which it fancied
was hostile to it.
lie Said Grace.
The old United Presbyterian kirk at
Savocli. in Scotland, had a minister
some sixty years ago named David
Caw, a very diminutive man, standing
only about five l'ect two inches, He
married a strapping, handsome lass,
some five or six inches taller than lie.
and her name was Grace Wilson. The
Sunday after the wedding ho got a
neighboring minister to preach for
him. so that he could sit with his bride
on the first Sunday. The minister was
a good deal of a wag. so Mr. Caw made
him promise faithfully that he would
not allude in the sermon to him,
his bride or the fact of the marriage,
but Mr. Caw nearly sank through the
floor when the text was given out,
Kpheslans iii. "Unto me, who am
less than the least of all saints, is
this Grace given."
Writing ou (ilnts.
A patent lias been granted in Ger
many for a new method of writing
on glass, using au aluminum point.
The glass which is to lie written on
is first moistened with vinegar and
the writing or drawing made with the
point. Fine particles of aluminum
adhere to the glass, which when dry
shows the marking In silverly lines
that, cannot be readily removed by
friction.
Wlieu Franre'n President Travel*.
The French President travels free
on the railways during his official tour
of France, but when tlie return journ
ey is concluded, his secretary calcu
lates what it would have cost If paid
for at the regular rates, and this sum
is handed over to be distributed among
the poorest paid of the railway men.
Capitals of thejl'iilteil States.
Lancaster was the capital of the
United States from Sept. -'7. 1777, to
Sepi. :>O, 1777. The capital was also
located for a time at Baltimore, York,
Princeton, Annapolis and New York.
In 1800 the seat of the Government
was transferred permanently from
Philadelphia to Washington.
Vase Candlestick*.
The woman who is fond of novel
ties for her table will rejoice to learn
that candlesticks ore now made with
vase pedestals. The holder for the
wax taper rises from a little bowl in
which flowers or ferns may be held.
Tlie Visible Stars.
The number of stars visible to the
naked eye is less than six thousand.
The number of stars visible through
the largest telescope is probably not
less than one hundred millions.
An Undrritronnd City
A subterranean city exists in Gallcia,
Austrian I'oland, which contains a
population of over 1,000 men, women
and children, many of whom have
never seen the light of day.
Paris Ha* Popular Prices.
The theatres' o> Paris have populai
representations on certain days, whe'
the seats cost only a quarter, or hal
the usual price.
English Travelers.
It is calculated that in moving about
from one place to another the people
of England upend about $750,000 a day.
BIRDS SHY OF WINDSTORMS
Tactlcf Tliey Pnraue to Kwape Impending
l)anis«r.
The power of the winds is dreaded
by almost all ordinary birds, and an
instinctive knowledge seems to bo pos
sessed by tiiem ilui« if they once sur
render to Ihe forci' of the winds un
known dangers will have 10 be faced.
Consequently, when a high storm pre
vails, all birds seek shelter of some
kind. The strong-winged sea birds are
me last to take fright at the approach
ing hurricane, but even they will final
ly try to escape its fury beneath the
shelter of some cliff or sand dune.
During tremendous windstorms birds
may sometimes be seen flying overhead
at "a great altitude. When lids phe
nomenon is observed it may be taken
for granted that the upper atmosphere
is comparilively quiet and that the dis
turbance is confined chiefly to the
lower regions. .Many sea birds seek
the upper air of common quietness dur
ing tropical hurricanes.
AVlien a heavy wind or gale springs
up the gulls, terns and petrels will
fly back and forth over the water's
surface, rising and falling, and utter
ing their peculiar cries of warning. If
the storm extends too high up tliey will
drift gradually with the wind or fly
away to the edge of the hurricane.
Very often I hey gel caught unexpect
edly in the gales of wind and they tind
themselves in a dangerous position.
Then they struggle with tniglit and
main against the powers of the air
currents. Knowing that danger and
death face them if they once come
under the dominion of the wind, they
use all the strength and tactics they
are capable of to combat the elements.
A young herring gull, it petrel or a tern
thus surprised will beat up against
the wind witli powerful flight. It will
rise high in the air. facing the gale and
making a little progress forward as
well as upward. Then it will suddenly
descend with rapid flight toward one
side of the storm swept path, but fall
ing oft' at the time in the direction of
the blowing wind. Once more it will
sweep around and face the storm, as
cending heavenward and striking des
perately out toward the direction of
the storm.
Non-Freeglng W »l»r I'lpea.
The (tcrmnus. who are so far ahead
of many nations in a certain class of
technical skill, have Incorporated into
their plumbing practice a non-freezing
water pipe, which will save an incal
culable amount of annoyance ami pro
fanity in a single winter. The purpose
of the invention Is not only to prevent
the water from being frozen, but to
provide an opportunity for its expan
sion by cold. Into the iron pipe, as far
11s it is above the ground, there is in
serted a second narrower pipe of thin
elastic substance, such, for instance, I
as rubber. This insertion remains un
affected by the ordinary pressure; but
if the water shoulu be frozen by ex
treme cold the elastic insertion is com
pressed by so much as tile volume of
water Is increased l>.v the freezing.
With the coming of the thaw the in
sertion expands again to its original
circumference. The object of the tin
or lead around the insertion is to pre
vent an unpleasant taste or odor being
imparted to the water, ii is said that
water pipes provided with such an in
sertion have withstood a cold test of
4(i degrees centigrade, while others
that were no so provided invarubly
burst at that temperature.
Lift* ou » Torpedo lUmt.
So Injurious is life ou a torpedo boat
that a year's continuous service will
mentally ami physically incapacitate a
man. This assertion is made on the
authority of Lord Charles Heresford,
but that the strain on any one serving
011 these crafts is very great Is shown
by the fact that to one months service
the British naval regulations allow one
week oil'. Austria is endeavoring to
mitigate the hardship of service on
these boats, and life on one built for
the Austrian navy, and tried on the
Thames recently, was demonstrated to
be plcasauter than on those of tin" Kug
lish navy.
ft lit* t l,ik« Oilier People,
Though the tierman emperor has an
annual income of about three-quarters
of a million sterling, the empress, who
dresses "like a good-class woman,"
is most economical. The children's
clothes are repaired in the workroom,
where her own wardrobe is mended.
When the clothes are outgrown they
are cut up for tL« smaller members
of the family, which can very well be
done, seeing that six out of the seven
| children are boys.
All Muscle.
The elephant has more muscles in
its trunk man any other creature pos
sesses in its whole body, the number
being, according to t'uvier. not fewer
than 40,000; while in the whole of his
body man can only boast of 527. This
is why the elephant's trunk is so ex
ceedingly strong, and at the same
time so extremely delicate In Its move
ments.
Activity of Iluby Crocodiles.
The moment a young crocodile
breaks its shell it is to all Intents and
purposes as active as It Is at any time
during its life. It will make straight
for the water, even if it be out of sight
and a good distance off. and it will
pursue its prey with eagerness and
agility during the first hour of its
I free existence.
Cuttlnc of Itiiiumnds.
Diamonds are cut in three differ
ent forms—the rose, the brilliant, und
the table, of which the second is the
prettiest. It is a double pyraiyid or
[ cone, of which the top is cut off to
1 form a large plane, and at the bottom
directly opposite to a small plane.
Prlnatrrrlnit,
Letters of marque and reprisal,
which really meant the commission
ing of privately on ned vessels as war
ships—the old privateer, in fact—were
! first granted In IThey are not
I permitted now.
A <» rafted Ki*r.
An enterprising veterinarian of
j Bristol. I 'a.. has successfully grafted
an artificial ear on a horse. It exact
ly matches the ear on the other side
of the animal's head and is equally
tinder control.
Ctilnw Tea.
China exported X'i.ooo,ooo pounds of
tea the past season.
TESTS FOR INSANITY.
Bute of Thumb MMlioila Which Vary |
Frequently Fait.
Most people imagine, said a nerve
specialist, that doctors have some in- ;
fallible test by which they cau de
tect insanity immediately. Of course,
that's all nonsense. There are many
odd methods of diagnosing such eases,
however. In locomotor ataxia the
patient cannot walk with his eyes shut.
In Incipient paresis there is difficulty
in articulating particular letters, and
one famous scientist used to make his
patients say 'national intelligencer. A
man with an incipient case of the dis
ease can't pronounce these words dis
tincily to save his soul.* Another very
eminent practitioner employed "truly
rural' for the same purpose. If you
have paresis I would advise you not
to try 10 say 'truly rural" at least not
in company.
"The "knee-jerk" lesl is well known to
physicians. To apply ii the legs are
crossed and a sharp blow struck just
below the knee of the limb that is
swinging loose, if the subject is all
right there will be a prompt reflex
action; in other words, ids foot will
fly up In spile of all efforts lo keep it
quiet. If not, there is something
wrong, and that reminds me of a tragic
incidetii which occtired in a southern
court not many y ears ago. A man was
being examine for insanity, and one
of flic lawyers ma>'n the experts the
butt of a great deal of ridicule, lie
scoffed particularity :;i the knee-jerk
t< stand asked to have it applied to
himself. 1 here was no reflex action,
and the fail had powerful effect on
the Jury, especially as the lawyer hap
pened 10 l<e a man of brilliant attain
ments. After the trial was over he got
to thinking about the matter, und in
spite of Ins skepticism concluded to
submit to a thorough private examina
tion. 11 was made and discovered un
deniable *|>>us of locomotor ataxia,
dooming him to a certain and lingering
death.
Oncer Heller* Omul Sev«i«.
So numerous are the queer beliefs
concerning the number seven that a
narration of them all would till a vol
ume. Inn we may mention a few of
them. From iho very earliest ages the
seven great planets were known and
ruled this world and the dwellers in it,
and their number entered Into every
conceivable matter that concerned
man. There are seven days in the
week, "seven holes in the head for the
master stars are seven." seven ages
both for man and the world ill which
lie lives. There were seven material
heavens, and In the underworld de
scribed by Dante the great pagan dead
who were not good enough for heaven
or bad enough for hell reposed in a
seven-walled and seven-gated city,
'jhere are seven colors in the spectrum
and seven notes In the diatonic octave,
and the "leading" note of Ihe scale is
the seventh. Be it uoted that the sev
enth son I-. not always gifted with
beneficent powers. In Portugal he is
believed to be Miliject to the powers
of darkness and to be compelled every
Saturday evening to assume the like
ness of an
Tldl.ltl iu l*orto ICIco.
"The oysters you get In I'orlo Ttico
arc smali and have the coppery taste
that the bivalves they furnish iu
Kurope have." remarked K. M. Mercer
of New York. "The fish, however, are
very line, and the fruits of the island
are delicious. In fact, it is a country
where hitman life is easily supported
with very little labor. The expense of
living to the natives is very light. The
boys of the common class go naked
till they are alMiiit ten years old. I
think that the reports of native Im
morality have been greatly exaggerat
ed. My own observation was that the
people behaved with quite as much
propriety as they do In our own coun
try. where certainly the opportunities
for u correct inode id" life are superior,
seeing that we enjoy a much higher
standard of civilization. For an op
pressed and tax ridden people the
Porto Rlcans do well, and there Is little
about 1 hem that calls for severe critic
ism."
small Fame for Spanish Actors.
Theatres iu Spain have no pro
grammes. A bill in the lobby some
times gives me ifist. but most of the
actors remain unknown by name.
The curtain Is oevoted to advertise
ments. and In Madrid theatres adver
tising cards are affixed with the num
bers on the back of each scat.
Worklngnien of Calcutta.
The hours of work in the Calcutta
jute mills are from 4:MO a. tu. to 9
p. 111.. or If,i.j hours per day. Saturdays
included, and all repairs and cleaning
of machinery have to be made on
Sundays.
fr'Mfttft of tflllnA.
In fasting feats the sect of Jains, In
India, is far ahead of its rivals. Fasts
of from thirty to forty days are very
common, and once a year they are said
to abstain from food for seventy-five
days.
I'IMIIIIK a Warnlilp
The rate at which modern warships
take in coal is simply marvelous. The
Magnificent, a lirst-elass British battle
ship in the Mediterranean, recently
averaged over Ido tons per hour—a
rate of nearly three tons a minute.
Flowers in Tuscany.
Flowers are never used in Tuscany,
but at Christmas and Easter all the
walls of the cathedrals are decked
with wonderful damask of almost
priceless value.
Child \Vlr»«.
The latest t iovcrnment census In
India showed d,(ilii,Tsii girls between
five and nine years of age. who were
already married, of whom 170,tHKi had
become widows.
Drafting of SpHiilnrd*.
Any Spaniard over the age of nine
teen is liable to l»c called into mili
tary service for three years. By the
payment of 1,500 pesetas f|3ool he can
escape military duty.
I>e»ftteftA.
At least one-third of all people In
middle life have one ear affected by
deafness.
I breweries.
Of 51,tW0 breweries in the world, 28,-
<XH> are in Uermany.
Jaamlnc Pine Mtwma.
In Turkey, the jasmine if extensively |
grown for the cf pipe
stoma. For this pui pose the stems of
the growing plant are trained with the
greatest (.ire • toil they h >ve attained
the proper length and size. The bark
is protected by a wrapping of varnish
ed linen or calico. Two or three times
a year this will he taken off and the
bark treated to a citron juice bath.
This is eaid to give it the light color
so much sought after. Some of these
pipe stems are from ten to eighteen
feet in length ar.d bring as much as
tinn each.
There is a powerful bretu ot tlogs
along Smith's sound that does not. hes
itate to attack the most ferocious wild
animals. These dogs hunt in pairs
and a big bear is a Joke to them. One
dog can bring down a reindeer and kill
it in a few minutes. Their i'hick coat Is
tawny in hue and in winter a thick
fleece of wool covers them. They look
so much like wolves It is hard to tell
what they are at a little distance.
Kleetrlenl Current*.
A scientist lias discovered that elec
trical currents in the form of waves
rapidly succeeding one another can
produce insensibility to pain and cold
in the flesh, acting as an anesthetic like
ether. When the currents were applied
to the linger and thumb by wires, the
finger could be.pricked with a pin with
out pain.
The most uneotuprt mising critics are j
usually found in on- own families.
-- -
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Cure
Consti
pation
ud you cure its consequences. These are
| some of the consequences of constipation:
i Biliousness, loss of appetite, pimples, sour
i stomach, depression, coated tongue, night-
I mare, palpitation, cold feet, debility, diz
: ziness, weakness, backache, vomiting,
: jaundice, piles, pallor, stitch, irritability,
! nervousness, headache, torpid liver, heart-
I burn, foul breath, sleeplessness, drowsi
! ness, hot skin, cramps, throbbing head.
Ayer's
U if for Oonmtlpmtlon
Dr. J. C. Ayer's Pills are a specific for
; all diseases of the liver, stomach, and
! bowels.
M I suffered from constipation which as
| gamed such an obstinate form that I feared
I it would cause a stoppage of the bowels.
After vainly trying various remedies, 1 be
gan to take Ayer's Pills. Two boxes effected
• complete cure."
D. BURKE, Saco, Me.
! ' "For eight years I was afflicted with
constipation, which became so bad that the
doctors could do no more for me. Then I
began to take Ayer's Pills, and soon tha
bowels recovered their natural action."
WM. H. DELAUCETT, Dorset, Ont
THE PILL THAT WILL.
sores.
"Running sores appeared on my
leg and spread over the entire
lower portion of the limb. I got
no help from medicine till I tried
I yours. 1 was cured by one bottle of
q Ayer's
darsaparffla."
ISAAC ACKER, Cowans, Va.
:||VL JJj % L J|J|:
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