Origin of Domestic Poultry.
Henry Hales furnishes this interesting
paper on domestic fowls to tiie Rural
New Yorker-. "Not much need be said
of the ancient history of poultry; enough
is well known to show that the Egyp
tians, Greeks, Romans and all the an
cient nations were acquainted with and
kept poultry, even when their supersti
tion or religion forbade the eating of
them, as it is said of the ancient Britons.
In early pictures of poulty, many of the
peculiarities ol our modern fowls are
seen both as to colors, topknots, shapes
and sizes.
"It is only within the last, compara
tively few years that fowls have received
a share of the attention that had for a
longtime previously been given to the
improvement of other live stock. Since
then, however, careful breeders have de
veloped the original sports, or variations,
into what are known us distinct breeds.
The great change brought about within
the memory of the present generation is
enough to show that much more may
have been done during past ages by food,
climate, local in-breeding, or selection by
the caprice of man.
"How oil en has the question been dis
cussed concerning the plurality or singu
larity of the origin of our domestic ani
mals, including poultry. Some say of the
stately Dorking or Bruhmn, 'ls it possi
ble thai such monstrous birds can claim
the same ancestry as the diminutive Han- |
tain? Or, can the heavy, trousered Cochin
claim the same parentage as the neat,
clean, close-feathered Game, <>r as the
Silky, wilh its odd covering and dark
skin?' To answer this question, let us
look a little further into the laws of na
ture, as we observe them, livery species
of birds or animals has its own peculiar
voice, song, call or cry, and that distin
g i shes it from all other species. There
is no mingling or jumbling together of
sounds. This is strikingly shown in the j
feathered kingdom. The voice of every
little bird is wholy its own. Among the
few small birds that vi.Ml both the Amer
ican Continent and Europe from tue far
north, such as the Snow Hunting and
Lesser lledpole, the rolling note of the '
former is precisely the same, whether
heard in New.lerssy, Scotland of Siberia.
"With poultry it is just the same. I
have listened to the notes of fowls from
India, China, Japan, Spain and Italy; j
all cluck just alike to their chicks; call I
them by one note; give the same notes of
alarm, | rate the same, and all give the
same crowning crow. Although bred
apart for so many ages that no one can
even guess the time when they tirst
sprung from a common source, yet their
notes me precisely identical, varying only
with the size of the fowls—the larger the
bird, the longer and more sonorous tin'
crow. There are some slight variations
to the rule, as some breeds are more in
clined to deeper notes than others, and
active breeds are more noisy than the
more sedate sorts. Vet size is the eon
troling rule—the larger the Asiatics are
bred, the longer they crow, this, getting
shorter till we come to the quick, shrill,
crow of the Hantam. Some song birds
have the power of imitation so as to
change their songs; our canaries can be
taugh other bird's notes. Their natural
'eal,' however, is always the same. This
would seem to show that all poultry have
the same origin, all descending from one
species. If thousands of years of separa
tion, all kinds of climates, food and
breeding, do not change their notes, does
it not seem to point to such a single ori
ginal source.
"Most naturalists in India settle on
Gallus Bankiva as the parent of the Game
fowls, and, perhaps, of all our domestic
breeds, yet sutllcieut force is not given to
the unerring voice in deciding this ques
tion. As I have before said, if one voice
is the property of only one species, as we
notice in other birds, then all fowls are
descended from one origin."
QOAL! COAL !
roet :
The following price* will be charged for .#.Y
-VMiIt.ICIVMi in the yard, in all the
i yard* signatures hereto attached, until furthc
j notice:
STOVE, $4 25
CHESTNUT, 4 25
GRATE, 4 25
EGG, 4 2 5
W Cartage, FIFTY CENTS PER TON IN
! addition to above, and an EXTRA CHARGE for
1 carrying in.
VV. M. MALLOKY, Towanoa.
HENRY MERGER,
NATHAN TIDD,
E. 15. PIERCE,
HART LETT BROS., Wysox.
■
At I *•#.?£' it, formerly I'hin
neyV:
Sullivan Coal,
LARGE STOVE, f:i 00
SMALL STOVE, .7 I'o
| CHESTNUT, .7 2~>
EGG , .7 00
GRATE. .7 00
SMALL CHESTNUT. 2 5
; With nauiD additional charge for cartage.
\V. M. M ALLOW Y.
October, '24, IST'.b
(i I'OJI I
j CROWDS!
I
at
J. L. KENT'S.
antl 2.111
IMMENSE STOCK !
DRESS GOODS.
CLOAKS and SHAWLS,
GLOVES and HOSIERY.
I
4 button Kid Gloves, only 75
Cents, worth a dollar.
SHEETINGS & SHIRTINGS,
of the best brands, cheap !
CLOTHS and CASSIMERES,
of all qualities and prices.
| RIBBONS & FANCY GOODS,
the best selection ever ottered
in this market.
! FLANNELS & BLANKETS,
in endless variety.
In tact my assortment of DRY
GOODS is complete and is not
,! excelled by any establishment in
the country. In prices
1!
; I DEFY COMPETITION !
and cordially invite inspection of
1 my goods and a comparison of
prices.
, Col. Means' mammoth
store, second door south of Mc.
ilntyre Brothers hardware store.
•T. JL,. KENT,
Nov. 14. Agent.
50th YEAR
of
GODEY'S LADY'S BOOK.
The oldest ami Best Fashion Magazine
I
in America.
SI BSCRIFTK N I'HICK
REDUCED TO !*52.00 I'ER YEAR.
Subscriptions will be received at this Ofiiee in
Clubs with this Paper.
The DAII.Y KKVIHW and Godey's I.ady's
Book for one Year at >i4.00.
Set* what Godey's Lady's Book will Contain
IN l'sso.
Nearly 12<>0 page* of Hrst-class Literary maiter.
12 Steel Plate Beautiful Original Engravings.
12 Large mid Elegantly Colored FaHiion Plater..
24 Passes of Vocal and lntrumentai Music.
900Engravings,on Art, Science, and Fashion.
12 Large Diagram Patterns of Ladies' and Chil
dren's Dresses.
12 Architectural Designs for Beautiful Homes.
200 ur more Original Receipts for Family Use.
And the usual Original Department matters.
The .lannary No. of the New Year will he issued
i leeeniber fst, and will contain the op m n g chap
ters of one of the Best Serial Stories ever printed in
American Magazine, by
CHRISTIAN BFID,
the author of" A Oentle Belle," " Valerie Ayl
rner," "Morton House," etc., entitled
B< ISI.YN'S FORTUNE.
We have engaged a Full Corps of Distinguished
Writers, whose Contributions will enrich Uodey's
I.ady's Book during the year.
Send in ymir Clubs at oner. You can ad<l a in,
names after/cards at the same price as the
original Club.
TERMS.—Cash in Advance.
POSTAGE I'i(SSPAII).
One copy, one year, 62 00
Two copies, one year 3 70
Three eojiies, one year, 5 2">
Four copies, one year, H HO
Five copies, one year, and an extra yopy to the
person getting up the club, making six con
ies 0.30
Fight copies, one year, and an extra copy to
the person getting up the club, making nine
copies 5(14 00
Now is the time to make up your Club.
HoW 'l'o Hh'MlT. —<i't a Post-ollice Money
Order on Philadelphia, or a Draft on Philadelphia
or New York. If you cannot get cither of these,
send Bank-notes, and in the latter case register
your letter.
To parties intending to get up Club, a specimen
oopy will he sent on application.
Address,
(iODKY'S.LADY'S BOOK PUB. CO. (Limited),
HMi, Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa
Vertical
Feed.
As usual, the Vertical Feed
Sewing- Machine took First Pre
mium. at the late county Fair.
Text Jiook- I 'tilform i h/.
RESULT WHERE BOOKS, HAVE To
STAND ON TIIEIR OWN MERIT.
At ;i Convention of School Directors, of
Centre County, held tv Bellofonte, Decem
ber'Jß. IsTH. pursuant to the call of 11.
Meyer, Esq., County Superintendent, for
the purpose of considering the propriety
of faking measures to secure a uniformity
of the text-books used in the schools of
said county, the following action was
taken, over fifty directors being present
and nearly all the district in the county
being represented:
COPY OF MINUTES.
I pon motion of C. P. Stonerod, of Snow
Shoe township, the following preamble and
resolutions were adopted:
WHEREAS:* Great expense and waste are
frequently incurred by the present and eon
nstatly changing variety of text-books used in
the common schools of Centre eountv. there
fore, he i(
J'e.yilrnd. By the representative directors
here in session, that a system of text-books,
suitable, complete and uniform, be adopted in
accordance with the laws of the State,
throughout the county.
Upon motion of J. C. P. Jones, the follow
ing plan was adopted with hut one dissenting
vote, to carry into effect the following pre
amble and resolutions:
First. The various publishing houses to
send samples of their books to eact school
board in tne county for examination and to
submit therewith the lowest exchange, intr -
duetory and wholesale prices, and the length
of time they will guarantee to furnish them
at said price.
Second. No agent of any publishing house
to be permitted to do any work in the county,
to be either general or local agent, beyond
sending his books and terms as above stated.
Any house or agent violating tbi> under
standing, their books to be counted ou of the
contest.
third. The several school boards of the
county, after examination of the various
books which may have been submitted, to
hold a meeting at which each director shall
make out a list of the books which he prefers
to have adopted in the county, and se d it to
Henry Meyer. Esq., County Supcrin n dent,
Rebersburg, Pa., prior to* the first day of
.June; I*7!*, who shall ma e
several statements so sent, and the books up
on the various branches having tin iglcst
number of votes or preference shall be the
series recommended for county uniformity.
The County Superintendent, after having
made the above can vans as above, to send the
result of the same to each of th< papers in the
county for publication.
\V\ C. llkini.k. Chairman.
J. C. P. .JUNKS, Secretary.
TVie following is the result of the votes
of the I)i rectors of Cent re comity, 1 'a.. on
the uniformity of Text-books in said
county, with the number of votes cast fro
eaeli book, under the foregoing plan and
resolutions :
JiKAI >KRS. No. vote.
for eacsh
New (traded 74
independent 20
Apph-ton's 17
New American 12
SPELLERS.
Swinton's S3
New American <i
Independent 23
Applcton's 1
Patterson's
Sander's I nion
Itaub's 1
(jE( )(i R A PI! IES.
Swinton's 100
Colton's 14
Mitchell's 1(1
independent 1
Monteith's 5
HISTORIES.
Swinton's P3
lledpath's 5
Panics' Uriel' 7
Butler's
1
W at sin's 0
V R ITT EN ARITHMETIC.
Robinson's Shorter Course 57
Crccnlcaf's ii
Brook's
Gillie's .j-j
Boll's 12
Nrook's Union 3
Mew American 4
MENTAL ARITHMETIC.
Millie's 7
Greenleaf's 4
ALGEBRA.
Robinson's 53
Greenleaf's 1
COPY BOOKS.
I Spencerian qfl
Applcton's 31)
Ellsworth's 10
GRAMMARS.
Kerl's 72
Swinton's p
Clark's Brief 15
Bullion's j
Harvey's 20
(Juaekciibos' 3
Eewsmitb's 1
eangcage lessons.
Kerl's
Clark's 5-
Harvey's I
Morton's
BOOK-K EEPING.
Bryant A* Stratfon's 44
Eolsoni's 0
Smith's
CIVIL GOVERNMENT.
Townsend's.. -
BUT YNY.
Gray's 40
Steele's
UROLOGY.
Dana's 30
BRA WING.
White's Industrial 4*
PHYSIOLOGY.
j Steele's
Cutter's
NATURAL PHILOSOPHY.
Steele's 3
I'lic attention of Directors is called to
Section LXII of the School Laws, which
requires every School Board in the State
o adopt a series of Text-hooks every,
year, during vacation, which books, and
110 others, can be used during the ensuing
school year. This is intended to tix a
uniform course of study for the school ot
each distri<*.
1 he undersigned having been appoint
;ed a Committee to count the vote on
county uniformity of Text-books in Cen
tre county, respectfully report that
they have carefully performed such duty
; and that the foregoing is a correct can
vass of tlu; same.
Samukl Fkanck,
Jakkd IIAKI'kh
YV. C. Hkini.k,
j Committee appointed by the County
Superintendent to canvass the votes
Bkllkfontk- Pa., June 23, lsT'.t