VOLUME XVII. ME THE TIOGA COMITY AGITATOR IS rtraT IX! Xlrptt Rpp9O2 . O . AT SODX,I7S , O , AN GELDER & ithattitt. P. O. Van Gelder. lEFIS OF BLignitiON lii ALUILY - IN Subscription s (per year) , . RATES OE 'ADVERTISING: TEN Lynx or 3.12Ni0N on_ tEss, Etats oNg &MRS ,No,S4trs.... I 1 Ind Sine 141 as I ablos I fildoe I,lYr I SIP i Pl* I 1 .tykdo.re,i 2 squares, I 2,0 0 1 8,001 4 , 00 1 8. 00 1 12 , 00 1 - 11 , 00 Hilf col 1 10,00 116.00 117 .40 1 30,00 150,00 0130001 115.00 1 28 . 00 1 80- . 00- 1 -45 , 0 11 WC -4 1 /00.00 az- Special Notices lb cerits por lino; Editorial or Lccal al cents per line. Trausicut adrcattelog Divas , bo PAN 'O,lO advance. iii iilWJatitico Blanks, Constable; Menlo, Deeds, Juds t. Notes, Id arriago Ot , rtificstea, &C., on band. BUSINESS CARDS Tan Gelder &!Ache% Book, Plain and Fancy Job Printer/I. All work promptly and neatly executed.—Jan, 1, 1810. W. 11. Smith, Attorney and Counselor at Law, Insurance. Bounty and Pension Agency, Main- Street, Weltsboro, Pa., Jan. 1, 1870. • Reo. W. -14errick, Attorney and Contuse it Lir. :office with W. 11. Swith,Esq., Illaii . JE,treet, opposite Union Block, Welleboto,.Pa.=—.l.in, Z, zqzo. Jno. W. AdamB, Attorney and Counselor at Law, Mans Geld, Tioga county, Pa. Collections promptly attended to. Jan. 1, 1870. , Jno. L hlitebelh . - Attorney and Counselor at Law, Claim, and in surance Agent. Office over Kress' Drug Store; adjoining Agitator Otko, Wollsboro, Pa. • Wilson 8 Niles Attorneys and Counselors at Law. Wlll attend - promptly to htleiness entrusted to their care in the counties of Tioga and Potter. Mice on the Avenue. Jan. 1, 1870. e. F.wmsosj ts. B. Mum. John IV. Guernny, Attorney and Counselor at Law. All business ermuted to him will be promptly attended to. Office 2d door south of Hazlett's Hotel, Tiogo, Tioga County; Pa.—Jan. I, 1870. • Wm. B. Smith, Pension, Bounty and Insurance Agent. Com. mantaations sent to the - above address will re ceive prompt attention. ' Ternis moderate, Knoxville, Pa.—Jan. I, 1870. John C. Horton, Attorney and Couneetor at. Law, Tioga, ,Pa.— Office with C. IL Seywour\ F Esq. Business at tended to with promptne6.—Jan. I. 1870. W. D. Terbell it Co., Ifholeeale Druggists; and dealersin Wall Paper, i)Kerosene Lamp , Window Glues, Perfumery, Paiute, Oils, .tc., dc.—Corning, N. Y. Jnn. 1 '7O. Dr. q. R. Thompson, Icellsboro, Pa., will attend to Professional callb , in die village - oil Millsboro, and elsewhere,— Office and Residence on State Si, 2d door Lo right going east.—Jan. 1, 1570. D. Bacon, M. D., Physician and Surgeon. Will iittend projuptly to all calls. Mice on Crofton Street, in rear of the Meat Market, Welleb.ro.—Jan. 1, 1870. E. S. Perkins, M. D., Respectfully announces to the Citizens of East Charleston and vicinity, that he would be grate rut for their patronage.' Office at Cooper J. Kohler's Store.--Jan. 10670. M. Ingham, M. D., Ilumoeopatliist, Office et hie Residence :on the Avenue.—'Jan. I, 187 U. George Wagner, Tailor. Shop first door north of Roberts , tt, ey's Rat(ltvare Store. Cutting, Fitting and Re p airing done promptly nod we/J.—.Tan.l,lSM John Otter/ Tailor - and Cutter. whop opporite Dartee Car- Main St., virhero he is prepared to wr,rk lin:m - 11311y and neat_—Jan. 1, 1870. ThouTx B. Bryden, Surveyor attl Draftsman. Orders Left at morn, Townsend House, Wellsboro, will meet :rith prompt attention.—Jon. I, H7O. At. E. Onler, SS lie‘ler in Clocks au , / Jewelry, Silvtr, ;intl lilated Ware. Spectacles, Violin Stiings, .4e. Watch c. arnl Jewelry neatly repaired., Engraving ..lone in plain English and Qtrinnn.—Mansfield, ,Tan, 1, IS7O. Petroleum Ilouge, t..t6eld, Pa., GE°. CLos:, Propriet )r. A new Hotel conducted on the principle of live and le.( live, for the accommodation of the public. l', ifi747 Haziett's IMO, Tiega County, Pa. Good btablingattach el, and an attentive 'hostler always in attend :ls:T. Geo. W. 'Hazlett, Prop'r.—Jan. 1, 1870. MIN Huti.4, 14 . Borough, Tiogn Co , 0. Hill, Pr:Trietor.- A now and cointnodious building with all the modern improvements. Within ea:zy drive of the best hunting and fishing Grounds in)North4n Penn'a. Conveyances !urnished. Terms moderate.—Jan. I t 1370. Smith's .Itotel, Lap., Pa., E. Ili. Smith, Proprietor. House in g , ,04 condition to accommodate the traveling public in a cFperior trim - incr.—Jan. 1; 1570. Keystone Hotel, Tioga CO Pa., J. B. Jean, Pron'r. G ~,t eutertaintnent for wan and beast. Con renitit to tho best, fishing grounds. Parties ceom °iodated with. conroyatiees.—Jan. 1,16. .f oho .1 elntosh ) beater in Vermont and Italian Barbie, mann laetarer of Monuments, Tomb • Stones, hc, car ner Market and Cedar Sts.. Corning, N. Y. All orders promptly and neatly executed. An drew Van Nilson, A gent,—.lan. 1, 1370. Union Hotel, Miner Watkins, Proprietor. The traveling pub will find this a. comfortable and convenient Lome to tdop at. Good F tabling, and an at tentive hostler. Jan. I, 1870. k * 0- 1 06 , ►` M. X SEARS, Pnornteron. WRP.RE delicious Ice cream, French Con fectionary, all kinds of (mita in their s taieo, a nice dish of Tea, Coffoo, or Chocolate, d.Oyet ers in their pennon—can ho bad at all eerved i the bent eiylo. l'it%t door be. I,‘ Roberts A Bailey's Baran-aro Store, Mail) Street. weiliboro; Jon. 4 , 1870. RARKNESS 80 01 AND SHOE MAKERS, .) , er(Vi/ann& V n { Ynfkenbury'a Store,itithe roo m lately occtrpied by Peoij. Seely. BOOTS. AND S lIOES of all kinds Wade to urger and in tho hot% monnor. KEI'AtItING of all kinds douepromptly and 0 , 1‘.1. Give ul a call. JOHN HARICNES WM. REILEY. Wel4boru, Jln. I, LSIO.--IY• E. R. KIMBAIL, GROCERY AND RESTAURANT, One , door above thelleat Market, W E.LLSBORO, PENN'A, R E SPECTFULLY announces to the trading Public that be has a desirable stock of Giro ;!ries, comprising, Tear, Coffees, Spicer, Sugars, :tolartee, Syrups, and all that constitutes a BrEtu -l a itock, Oysters in aver' style at all sea totable boars. 41: • We lleboroaan. 1, 1810:tte „ „,„__„,_„,,,„.....,_,„„„„.„,..,_,._,„,,,,,..,-,..,......—..,.....,,,.----, —,— -„.,,, ...----,-. 7 . , , ~, , ,, ,.*?.....,....--v o4 94 -, ,, , r4,14.w , : - 0 , ,,,v4.1. 4 .: , , , ,, , ,,,, , ,- 4,krA:',Fre.kr,,..', , f,. - v -- ,?p - k,,:v..!...4- .-_,c;i:e.„-.1 ; ,,;_k4.,,,.:4,„- : , ~. ;, fe,,,,f -, ,:v.---..t .',..-,,,,-,- -;:,,:, - 44~,.., ~-. - , i: ,- . . . '7 :. , . .. . . . . , T 7-1. . . .- 1,--tf f : •- u v 1,,„ J 4, . le, ,y 7; ~, ;,,,. -.-- „, v. ~ t ~,e. , ~,,,, X -...3 . if 3... h : :s- -, ctii tt i .,, v-4f , ..: t ., % ., , ipc _ .41. _. ~,‘,-: , . ' , -.- , ' , i.- .... -, ~ ~,i1 , ~, i ...11,,, ,1 , 1 ' , . . ~... ' . 7., 14 . ; 'lf ,. I'V ~ f'• ' . 4 lr 1 - ` , ;` , . 4 ;', ,, A ', ,—,. -, . 1, , c , .";,.,.., ••.2 , ,,)V.E4 , 1,..) ; •. , ~, - ..., ~ ~ 7 . ,t 4 •v ? t r .. ..,_, , , , , {r ,... .. 1 h ., . , * "4. e. . ''. . . , .., . „ . . ) 3 ‘.' l ' if; 1 4 , , .5 .4 ..,.. ' 1 t 1 y.*-4r. Vs . 4 1 0 7 , '' \J ,,, ) .r 1 / V ' tin ~ , v r, .....x. M . .. ,vicv • .rll. ~•, .- vv , ” . . • „...... . - ' ''-- -.' i . - . t.,...,r • x ' 4 - r ' . 4 ' I i . , . . ' I . . .. -- • . A .„, : f•,,„,,,,,,,„,,..,,. . , '- - • ‘ , : . , ..„... .„ , , GT. , , , , •, .. • ,• :..... TAT 1 R , --- . J Jno. 11.111uhell. .g 2,00 52,501 SUN? Is 7, 1112.6) ME EMS GRO VER B 111,11'S FIRST PREMIUM ELASTIC STITCH EAMILY SEWING MACHINES, 594 BROADWAY NEW YORE: Points of Excellence Beauty and Elasticity of Stitch. _Berfectlon and Simplicity of Machinery. tieing both threads directly flom the spools. No fastening of seams by hand and no waste of thread. Wide range of application without change of adjnet men t. The seam retains it beauty and druineee of ter wasbing and ironing. Besides doing all kinds of work done by other Sewing Machines, those Machines execute the most beautiful and permanent Embroidery and ornamental work. ,2)* "The highest Premiums at all the fairs and exhibitions of the, United States and 'Hume, have been awarded the Grover dc Baker Sewfug MaChines, and the work done by them, wherever exhibited in Competition. ~'ltar-The very highest prize, TEE CROSS OF TILE LEGION 01? IIONOR, wan conferred ori the repreeentatire of the Groi•er S. Baker Sewing Maohinee, at; the Exposition Paris, 1887, thus attesting their great superior ity over all other 6°V/in Alachinee 1870-tf.. CITY BOOK BINDERY AND BLANK ROOK, MANUFACTORY, 13 Baldwin Street, (SIGN OF TDB BIG BOOK, 2D FLOOR,) ELMIRA, Y. • .; OUR corrro GOOD AS TES BEST, CABAP AS TUB CHEAPEST. BLANK BOOKS Of a ve . ry deicription, in all styles of Binding, and as law, for quality of Stock, as any Bindery -in:the ,State., Volumes, of • ,-avory description Bound in thio - best n:motor rilld in any style or- ALL KINDS OF GILT WORK .113ented in the best manner. Old nooks re bound And made good Aa new. SilAbkantai 114112.433t1ka COMPLETE YOUR SETS! I am prepared to furnish back numbers of all Reviews or Magazines palkliched in the UniteA States or Groat Britain, at a low price, • BLANK. BOOK. & OTHER PAPER, Ot all sizes and,qualities,, 01 hand, ruled-or plain. DILL BEAU PAPER, Of any quality or size, ou band and cut up ready . for'printing. Also, BILL PAPER, and'-CARL. BOARD of all colors and quality, in boards or cat to any size. STA.TIONERY, Cap, Letter, Note Paper, .Enyeiopps, Pens, Pencils, &c. atn 6010 agent for Prof. SHEPARD'S MM.. CORROSIVE STEEL PENS, OP vArkiowil is/ZOB, FOR LADIHR - • AND OSNTLEIMILX, Which I wql warrant equal to Gold Pens. The been in use and no mistake. The above stock I will sell at the Lowestßatcs at all times, at a small advance on ;New York prices, and in quantities to suit purchasers. All work and stock wqrranted nsrnpresentod. 'respectfully solicit a share of public patron age. Orders by mail promptly attended to.— ? A ddress„).LOUlS HIES, Advertiser Building, lin. 1, 1870 -ly. Elmira, N.Y.' WALRER & LATHROP: • tiEALF:itti IN II A RIAV A RA ) 1 RON, MEL, NAILS, TO VIES, TIN.. WARE, BEATING, SKS, CETLERY, WATER LIME; Ai;RICULTUR AL IMPLEMENTS, Carriage, and Harness Trimmings, HARNESSES, SADDLES, Ac. I Coro*, N. Y., Jan. 2,1370-Iy. • ' New Tobacco Store_ l II E subscriber has fitted up the Store first j , duor east Thomas Ilarden's dry goods Fiore, foi-' the manufacture arid solo of `CIGARS, (all grades), Fancy a - nd Common °SMOKING TORlCOO,Michigan Finetint CHEWING, and all kinds of PLUG TOBACCO, PIPES., and Me . cline"- cost Brand of CIGARS Call and seo for youreolvee. JOHN W. PURSE], WellAbore, Jan. 1, 1870—lf. Are to Tannery. PHI: undersigned bas fitted up the old Pows dry building, near the Brewery, IVellsboro, and is now prepared to turn out fine calf, hip, cowhide. and harness leather in the best man ner. Hides tanned on shares. Cash paid for hides. ' - M. A. DIIRIF. Wellsburg, Jan. I, 1870. Great improvement in Densistry. HAVING' purchased tbo sir° right of Dr. Folsom's a AIM proved patent Atmospheric Dental Plates for Tiogn County. I now tfske pleabure in offering it to: the public as the geatest Pis ctirsits yet made hi Mechanical Dentistry. fly the use of which, we can overcome any any and all difficulties which have heretofore battled the skill of the most practical Dentist in the world. Plates constructed upon this plan re main perfectly fain under all circunstances or condition of the mouth, as no air, o i 1 articles of food can possiblyget under them. hose having old styles, sold or Rubber Plates, scan, at half the cost, have the Improvement applied to them 1%13 FWCOII4 , „ in every respect the, same purpose as as a new set. Perfect satisfaction guaranteed in every case. ---------- _C. N. DARTT, Dentist. Well , ,boro, - Jan. 1, ISB9. This k to certify that we are now niing the Impmc i,d tk , titsl Plates with pericct satisfaction. Raying iked the old et) le of plates for years with 101 the troubles slot inconvt-nlencre known in the nee of such plates, we cheerfully recommend the improved Plates as far superior to Anything Set known. E. R. KIMBALL, CRAB. WILLIAMS. Pletiac:i-3Ei - artets3 ORGANS AND MELODEONH, Volt sale by I. G. ROVT. Haines Brotherfr, Pianos, 011icke,rings, Stein ways, and Steek's. Itinterwitter's Organs and Melodeons, and Ma son & Horatio's Organ. These are all first.elais Instruments.. Haying the experience of many years in Mudeal Twin:mints, and taring the game, I can otter grooter indneetnento to costa. mere of Tiogn County. than env other dealer in Northern Pa. Evorvinstrument is warranted for flee ienre.. For full particulars see Illostrat. ed Catalogue. I. 11. 'HOYT. Mansfield,,Pa., Jan 1,, 1870-1 y Planing Jf, Matching'. FLOORING, CEII.,ING, WAINSCOT I,VG, TONGUED cg. GROOVED, +vial' rapidity and exactness, with our tow Ma chines. Try it and see. B. T. VANBORN. Welishoro, Jan. 1,1870. k `.. ''. 3 .4- WELLSBORO .' , 1-." NEE WY. B. , tuarraoito. SAVUEL LINK. fAnlifitFo*g. 8i flainn, ATTORNEYS - AT-LAW, • WILLIAMS.OORT, PENN'A. 1104 k. )3411.0 •STORE I BORDEN 'keeps constantly on J r hand; Pure Drugs and Medicines, - Chemicals, Paints and Oils, Lamps, - Stationery, Yankee Notions &e. PRESCRIPTIONS CAREPULLY COMPOCSDED 11. H. BORDEN Tip" Sun. 1.1870.-ly 1870; FOR SALE. • T. B. STONE, (formerly B. C. Wick hares Nursery) AT ILLS NURSERY OF FRUIT AND OR. NAMENTAL TREES, IN TIOGA :-* 60,000 Apple Trees, ) 10,000 Pear Trees. A good aupply of PL UM, PEACH, CHERRY aiul ORNAMENTA T L REES 'A -SHRUBBERY The Fruit trees are - eornpbsed" of thei choicest varieties, good, healthy, some of them large and iq hearing. Any one wishing to get a supply will do well to call and see toy 'stock before pnr- - chasing elsewhere. _pin- Delivered at the depot, Welleboro, Mansfiefa; Lawrenceville and floss burg, free of obarge. All orders promptly tilled. Address, T. B. STONE, Tioga, Pa, Tioga, Doe. S, 1569-0!" , . ITEPIR.E.FOR 'WINTBRI 4. - - T - a• • 7 • -- do,n't. neglect to. sticare 10/.ll:%isir • 11- -n first class - . . . . . , CUTTER OR SLEIGH .: • • ,•, H. W. DARTT, has on band the latest styles and will make to order andiwarrant to snit. All kinds of REPAIRING done at the sflortist no tioe. Also, _ lon Wo k and Horse-Shoeing. Please call and examine and be convinced that better workmanship or material is not fur nished elsewhene"at niera Main Streel,MitiOlforo; ).. 'Nov. 24, 11389.'-if, DARTT. Get the , Rest: Mrs. A, J. SOFIELD, is agent for that su perior SEWING MACHINE, the WILLCOX & GIBBS, *bielieveeybody likes who tries it.. 'lt is a beau tiful Machine, never gets out of oriTer with fair usage, sews rapidly and strong stitch, and is perfectly noteeles R. • iSP•Machines rented by the week. Nov. 17, 1869-t C I Mrs. AJ. SOFIELD. _ . JEWELRY STORE! WELLSBORO, ti,--:±- 4.? „,.., ANDREW FOLEY, ' . who has long been est.-th- A .-- ;•:-:'f,_ `lished in the Jewelry busl ' /IP s y ..: 0 . 4 .1 1 : 1 .:;,, tress in .Welhburo, Lae al it'o'.., . .:, ways on sale, 43 s. ‘ - _:- 42-9 ,--siii: : , :,,L.... . kinds and prices of AMEIUCAN WATCHES, GOLD OR SILVER CLOCKS; JEWEL RY, GOLD CHAINS, KEYS, RINGS, PINS, PENCILS, CASES, GOLD & STEEL PENS, THIMBLES, SPOONS, RAZORS, PLA- TED WARE, SEIVINC 111ACIIIDIES, S:m„ Sth With most other nrticics usually liept in such e;tahli , htnent, which is rold low for C A S Ml. Repairing done nentit, and promplly, and on short NOTICP. A. FOLE‘'. January 5, 1840-Iy. 1,1 GREAT REDUCION IN PRICES, WICKHAM &' FARR'S Tiogn, Psk. All those wishing 4, - i t• 1 . . WINETR DRESS —A FANCY GOODS, can :Are a good percentage, as WO must make room for other G ,C 1 0 D S. • Jan. 5,1869-if. 1870. Vial OU 8 AT AND PA - WEDNESDAY MORNING JANUARY 26,, 1870. gotto''; gortlfr• THE nirtßl. Whit. may we take into the vait-Porever •• Thitairlde dOo l - „ • - • " Admits no fruit of all our long-endeavor, No feam4reath'ed'erown wo wore; , _ . • No garnired lore] - What can we bear beyond the unknown Portal ? Nogold, no gains _ Of all one toiling : in the life immortal No hoarded 'wealth remains, No gilds, nor stains. Naked from out that far abyss behind us , Wo entered here: No word came with our coming, to remind us What wondrous world was near,' No chart, no fear. - Into the silent, starless night before us, Naked we glide; • No hand has taapped . the constellations o'er us, No comrade atom- side, • 'No chart, no guide. Yet fearless toward that midnight, - black and 'hollow, , I I Our footsteps fare; . Tim beckoning of a rathor's band we Mlow— Ilia love alone is there, No curse, no care. ` l tiigictifatteattO . (For the Agitator)" • • 'The 01d Grave Yard on the Hill. frigCOND 6ilA/1. There' is a ehange . _ot_,loeation_ande ehangirteii; --- Of"the - em47tions of the spirit.' lam in the new cemetery.— The tinge or unhappiries.4 that seemed to be a part of me,. while in the Old Grave Yard on 'the 'hill, has' paSsed :awaY• „ •.• . . My friends in the other world found my body in one of the'graves_ that re-. mained unfilled after the occupant was removed,'and into which I had fallen on my way to read and meditate on those who had passed away. They havehuried me among the beautiful shrubbery and evergreens of the new grave yard.. I am among beautiful marbles and ornamented graves. There are springs of pure water here, and the sweet scent of flowers is like the per fume of oriental gardens. It is winter now on earth,: but , to us there Is no : winter here. The trees haVe on their summer dreis and the flowers are in full bloom.. The contrast the to our hap piness, for while the luxuriance' and beauty of summer regales the spiritual sense, being ever present, we see also What • the living see only, the. hare branches, the decayed leaves, the fad ed flowers, the cold sleet and snow and The desolation of winter ; but though we see all this, it makes no impres sion upon - uS; it is no part of our para dise. As in thesold grave yard, so desolate; negleeted and unsightly, so disgraceful as we dead think, to the living, we see. Winsicuit - JMUSSMIIM-40.171.113M , V1.• • • wereonee , but now,no longer, a part of us,. and-. above and near each grave,, the immaterial, the - spiritual of the dead,; not confined to that Imp% tion, but with almost-infinite Anemi:lw tion, if it be, indeed\ locomotion, the thought of u place finds- us there.= Where our thoughts are, there are we. Here too are graves, in which are decaying bodies over or near which we See no spiri tuft] body corresponding, but lying above the grave a dark murky cloud into which none of us who are dead eiin'look.' I do not comprehend it now, and when the question has risen in my mind there has been an answer. There are many things which we shall probably learn hereafter. There are many in the new cemetery, who were once in graves iu the old,and though thr. , , - have been removed to the new,: yet they hold a relation to the old, different from the relationsheld by those originally 'buried in the new. In the empty graves we seem to see the shadow of our material bodies, and IrheJa we visit there as we often do, we are depressed in spirit, as if partaking of the feelings of those whe are deem ed, by the neglect of the living, to re main in that physical and moral deso lation. _ _ I have learned one thing since I died which I often speeniated upon while liv lug,•that is, that moral sublimity and beauty of spirit milk have their incep tion in the earthly life. There must at least be a living germ of the true spirit ual at death, for there is no, ayfakink to the spiritual in the hereafter ; at least, not till - the great day of spiritual res toration, and it may be not then—of that Imu not now permitted to know. And so also in the physical world. There are spots on earth, that have neither beauty, sublimity, nor utility. There, to the spirit of the dead appears the material in all its hideousness with no counterpart of the immaterial, the spiritual. That possibly may be the reason why, when we who are dead visit the old grave yard on the bill,lind wintery desolation shrouding all things, the trees without leaves, the weeds, the sorrel, and mullein all decayed, the un sightly flowers of the brambles and thistles all dead and scentless, and no counterpart of spiritua \ l. beauty. . The sleet and the snow lie there' to day as chilly, and unsighly as they lie on the northern side of an Artie moun tain. The dead, however, do not feel the chill of material cold, but they miss the beauty of the green herbage and the scent of the beautiful flowers which partake in part of the spiritual Their spirits are depressed when they look over to, and sometimes are per mitted to visit, the perpetual verdure and beauty of the new cemetery, and think how-a few emotions of friend ship nand a few hours of labor by living friends might lift the burden from their spirits, and remove them to a bright spot, Wheie angels would not weep when they come. In life I sometimes sneered at the emotions of the lii•ing over the dead And thought that it was only the weak that Went to the graves •to weep over their departed frisnds :.that it was a foolish and wasteful expense to erect costly monuments ; to plant evergreens and sweet scented shrubs and flowers around the departed; to build costly -fences and hedges around their last homes ; to make the cemetery a place of beauty, where the aged, the reiti44 aged, the youth • and the children might come in the pleasant cool of the, day to deck the graves of their dead. But I see it different now. . Only an hour ago, I saw a little boy with rosy cheeks but molsiened eyeT, hastening to a new made grave, where l only a few weeks ago they had laid his mother. I.le had in his head one tittle ho ll oliOPe which had just blossomed and for which he had anxiously that he might place It Opon,hisznotbers tr,reve. ere are scenes among the dead wh ' Thieh the living cannot compre hend ; 'aud the joy of that 'mother as shielasped In net spiritual . arms, her child, and with a glow of spiritual il lumination, that no mortal can -by any possibility, except through death con ceive, attested a happiness that is be yond all human expression. The gpirit of tilt, dead is always with the living Visitor that Domes either to weep or deck the graves. ' The living little know how powerful is the.intluence of the dead for good, and that influence is much in propor tion as the living makes the homes of the dead , beautiful. and pleasant. I know that when in the spring imy friends come here to deck and beautify 1-Py grave r I shall infuse into their spirits au influence that will lift their thoughts into a higher and purer atmos phere ; and every time they come to weep over me and strew flowers' over my last material home, they will return to their homes-to one home so desolate —better prepared to meet the remaining responsibilities of life and to perform all its duties. -E. R. SILL One Thousand Niles over the Rooks • CHAPTER 11. The Silurian Age. • "A company of ages coming, ages gono." - • The term Silurian was first given to the rocks of this era by Sir. Roderick 'Murchison ; and is derived from an ancient tribeof Britons, called Silures, once inhabiting a portion of England end Wales.' The system is represented in nearly every country on the globe. It abounds in Great Britain, Germany, Russia, France and Spain ; and - in the United States, it is developed on a scale of great magnitude, being found in different parts of the Eastern and Middle States, and underlying all the later formations in the Mississippi val ley. It begins at the old Azoic rocks in Canada, known as the Laurentian Hills, and spreads out oven wide tracts "of country. The general pitch of the strata is to the south ; and each minor droup has received its ,}game from ome locality in the State of New York where that particular group forms the Surface-rock and is well developed ; so that the Silurian system, besides being called the Upper and Lower, has been subdivided into the following periods : first, the Pots'datu period ; second, the Trenton ; third, the Hudson period ; fourth, the Niagara period; fifth, the Salina period ; and sixth the Lower Helderberg period. The rocks which e)nstitute these subdivisions are lime stones, shales, sandstones and eonglo= - . is twenty-two thousand feet. Some of my .readers may wonder how Strata of 'rocks were piled up to a thiakness of several , miles, and how Ouch vast accumulations have ever been measured. To explain this we must ,suppose that the surface was slowly subsiding; during the times of these de positions. The clay-slates and Other fine sediments represent periods of slow subsidence, the coaser sandstones and conglomerates, period's of rapid subsidence. When upheaved to form a continent the rocks assumed the form of great waves--Or what geologists term anticlinal and synclinal axes— and by their undulating position each different group is brought to the surface and all are measured, some . in one place, some in another. Since the con tinents were elevated, many of our deepest valleys have been scooped out by erosion, and thus the wreck of the ancient formations has been piled up in More recent seas, - The mineral productions of the Sil- Orion system are of great importance. Most of the native copper of Lake.. S uperior occurs in the Potidam sandstone It 'exists iu irregular veins, and was cloubtjesa injectd from below while in a melted condition. Masses of copper have beeri uncovered forty feet long, and weighing two hundred tons. I have small spechnens which are, large ly composed of native silver. The fommis led() mines on the Upper Mississippi exist in tbe.Trenton group; while the salt springs of Syracuse be long to the Salina pikied. About forty gal ions of water limit these springs wilt produce a bushel of salt ; while it re quires three hundred and fifty gallons of sea-water for a similar result. All the gold of Australia, California and the eastern United States, is found in connection with metamorphic rocks belonging to the Silurian system. The reader will find the subject of gold and its origin treated of at length in Murchison's Siluria. It was during the Silurian Age that life, animal and vegetable, had. its earliest beginnings. The three great branches`of the animal kingdom Radia tes, Mollurks, and Articulate were pro duced at she same time, or nearly so ; while that of Vertebrates seems to have been created at a later period—probably during the deposition of the Upper Sil urian strata, though perhaps earlier.— The remains of the first three orders are extremely; abundant in the rocks of this period ; while the last mentioned order is represented only by fishes—no mammals, birds or reptiles having been 'found. Among Radiates the remarkable ant malsherhaps, were Crinoids, Or stone lilies, which were attached to the sea bottom by a calcareous stem. The cup like bodies whichihese stems supported resembled the calyx of a lliy, and were furnished with numerous flexible arms, one thousand in'number, and the num ber of little bones contained in them was not less than one hundred thou sand. Articulates were represented by Tri lobites—of which nearly Jive hundred speeies have- been discovered. Their eyes, which are often found in a fossil state, were formed of innumerable small ' lenses, like the eye of the dragon fly —which l l contains twenty-five thousand. Mollusks were exceedingly abundant and their remainsespecially character ize the Silurian rocks. A species of one shell, called Orthoceratite, was, fifteen feet long, and one foot in din meter. The plants which represented the' l vegetable kingdom of thatit.rdote era; w.ere almost entirely marine. "Fit-) colitis were abundant, and forests of Alpe darkened the • rocks. But it is only in the uppermost strata—that in which the earliest fishes occur—that the INEZ [For the Agitator.) - of Tioga County.' BY ANDREW EttERWOOD, A 3SIEITLIT GEOLOGIST ON TILE 01110 DUMMY geologist meets with the remains of 'a terrestrial vegetation"--Hugh Miller. All the tomb, Animal and vegetable which flourished in Silurian times, are extinct now; and no reeordof their his tory remains save that which is writep so' indelibly in the , rocks. Tney are the represenatives of a type that per ished thousands of centuries ago, In deed, we never shall be able to number the millenniums which have rolled away since the many - Jointed Trilob ite darted through the waters, or the graceful Coral reared its beautiful grove in the transparent depths of the prim eval oceans. I trust my readers will look kindly upon these dry preliminaries, and I will promise them something . better shortly, and something that pertains more to the geology of the County. NASBY His NEW ESTABLISHMENT IN NEW YORK—A VISIT - To SING SING, AND WHAT HE SAW THERE. From tho Toledo Blade. Can WARD Noo TORE. Dr•corabor T 2.1569. j I am perfectly and entirely happy; for I hey formed a number. uv delitful acquaintences in this trooly great city, wich make my pathway pleasant and cheerful. I hey added to the decorash una uv my bar, portrates of Sammon P. Chase, Ferifandy Wood, and Pendleton, one of which-is sure to be our standard bearer in the next contest, with colleck shun I abel keep.addin to es I git the means'. I hey a stiddy 'run uv trade, and I am seldom alone, wick soots me exactly. But few: , men like to be alone. A man is bad company for hisself, for ho alone is the only one who knows precisely how cussed mean lie is. The two Aldermen, with panterniies me pay ez they drink, with paternage alone is almost sutlishent to support me, ez they are couseienshusly industrious drinkers. They pay, not beeps they hey any prejoodis in that direckshen, but beeoz money costs em nothin, and beeoz, likiii'my'face. they hey a desire to keep me -among em. One uv em wuz pleased to compliment me yester day. "NaShy," sed he, TThat nose uv. yoors indikates yoor po]itiks more eer tenly,than wat you say. The heart is deceetful and the tongue ofttirues speeks wat the heart. doth not prompt; the nose kin never lie. Its alluz safe to ap proach deli a nose with a cash offer to do Booty as a repeater. Two more hot whiskeys and one foryerseif, while Soo are at it!" Isn't it a pleasure to mix drinks for one who combines shrewd knowledge uv human Becher, whisky and prompt pay, in sich correct proportions? Uv course it is. But my buzzum friend is Terrence O'Sullivan, who is perhaps the most reglar I hey. Mr. O'Sullivan is one uv the oldest Dimocrats in ,Noo York, in hevin bin three years since he left Cork . It is not known wat he wuz before leavin Ireland—there' is a mys tery hangin over him. From, what I h} i 72 . when. he is convivyelly toosenen, tuere wuz conspiracy organized agin him in his native country, consistill uv a sheriff, four witnesses, a judge and twelvejur,y men ,:wieh resulted in his inearcerashen in ab. steel. Ther wuz a -pocket book and a ivateh mixed up in it, the partik elars uv wich I never, got. On his re leese, O'Sullivan preceeded to wunst to Noo York, and commenst lifo ez . a laborer on an excava.i-ben on Broadway. Forchunitely,,six weeks after he lauded an eleetiOn took place, and he immedi ately got imployment ez a •repeeter. Doorin the war he wuz engaged in en listin hisself under various names for the bounty' the monotony ur which okktipashen he varied by occasional burglarieS and operations on the streets on intoxicated, western men. He hez bin second and bottle , holder in many piize lights, and hez an interest in two urpretendin faro banks and one lottery shoP. Uv course Mr. O'Sullivan holds office. Hevin one hundred and sixty-three votes at his control he is a skool direck.- tor, inspecter of Boa Constrickters in the menagery at Central Park, clerk to three hoards, and in addishen hez , a sub-contract for street cleanin. Ez tlier aint no Boa Constrickters and no boards, and ez, the street 4 are never cleaned, why Mr. O'S. hez a tolerable soft thing uc it, or wood hey were it not that he hez'to divide his salaries up among so many. But nevertheless, he lives comfortably and happy. Mr. O'Sullivan hes a brother who"is, at this time, an inmate uv the State Prizen at Sing Sing, for highway rob bery, and last monday we went up to Sing Sing to see him. We arrived jest ez the convicts wuz a marebin in to dinner, and took posishen where we cood see em, so that Mr. O'S. coed point out his unforchnit relative to me ez they uissed. 4 "lliere he is-J-good hevins:" \Vatagitates you, my friend ?" red I. "Look!" said he, "the fourth man in the sixth file!" I saw at once wat agitated him. His brother was the fourth man in the sixth tile, and side by side by that•brother i a white man, Wuz—a NIGGER ! both dressed exactly alike. " Hevins l" ejaculated O'Sullivan, is this thing permitted in the Democrat ic Stuteny Noo York? Hey we fought nigger ekality tit the polls so many years to hey it practiced here, in a Democratic State under Democratic offishils?" " And here, too,- where only DO:no cults is degradid by it!" I put in. We sought out the Warden ,and de man did that this infamous practis be changed. The Warden sympathized with but sed it couldn't be. There wuz no provision in the laws governin the prisons uv the State for keepin niggers s'epttrate. "You see," he re.. marked, "it's only now and then that any uv the degraded race git here, and there's no provision made for em. It can't be helped." Then," sed O'Sullivan, "do I un derstand that the Democrisy uv Too York city is to be continyooally- threat ened with - nigger ekality ?" " They are till the Legisiacher ehan , ges it," retorted the Warderif* We left the prison shortly 'filler that, Mr. O'Sullivan in a most melankolly mood. " Nqsby," sed he finally, after, a si lence ur perhaps half an hour, doorin with time he wuz plunged into the deepest thought, "Nasby, it's all up with me. I steel never break into. a house, or pick a pocket, or go through a drunken man agin. Wet I hey seen to-day hez determined me. I shel nev er again take a. chance uv goin to Sing Sing. Why, it mite be my forchoon to be put beside that nigger!" And a sh)tdder nv 111-cloncealed an- ' gnash agitated his frame, - end the strong man wept. bitter tears. I comforted 'An es best I cool. told him that shood he be arrested foi any murder, be tried and convicted and sent to the penetenshary, and be forced to march side by side with a nigger, "the disgrace," I sed, "won't be yoors„ 'twill be the infammi retches who put you there. If you shoed, of your own free w ills put yoorself on a leVel with a nigger—for instance of yoo shood by of or sell to an Ethiopian, then the degre dashen wood' be yoors, \ for yoo mite mite have asserted yoor gooperiority.— But in the case of States Prisons I reely think yoo put too much stress onto it. In ; that ease-a sooperidr rower compels ,yog. to this, and you ain't responsible. Were I in yoor place—lied I sick prom isin prospeeks ez yoorn—i_ don't think I shoed permit this to stop me." But Mr. O'Sullivan wuz Heshood quit all practices.whieh plat ed iu the dereeksun uv a penetenshary, for it would kill him to be compelled for a minit to eat, wOrk or walk' beside a nigger, even if he ,wuz eompel i led to do it. Then an idea struck me! Brilliant ideas'alluz do come to me at precisely the rite time. " Why, you cussed jackass!" sed I, q ----- falling onto hi eck, "why do we talk uv this. Now at she Democracy hey the legislacher a d_will hey the con trol uv the eta; in all its departments, no DeMocrat who 'has a dozen votes back uv him will god to the peniten siary. But few uv em did afore when the Ablishnests hed the . poleece, but now we have Judges, poleece, and all-7- why my deer sir, the chances is ez one to a million. 04 on with your burglary my. sweet Terence, go in and win with no -gaunt fear stalking like a guant spectre behind youJ" Mr. O'Sullivan returned to the city with Pod comforte that. iz to hisself. But be is- determi - ed that the wrong shall be Wmedied. He declares it his purpoie to petish the Legislacher to pass au act maki separate prizeus for niggers, that Demo crats uv the city may not be perpetually menaced with the poisibility that they may be compelled to associate with em ; or wat wood be still better, they. would hey banging) made the only punish ment for niggers, wich wood.finish the cusses at once and end all anxiety on their account. Sich a petition is now hanging in my bar, and I read it to lall who cum in, and in no case hez 4ny one of em refoosed to make his mark onto it. ' This will be the first refdtm the new Tl.e i tihslaelicr will be called on to make. ' PETROLEUM. V. NASBY, (with wuz P. M.) CALIFORNIA VENGEANCE. It was the 17th of November, 1852,.a short time after ;the discovery of gold in California. It was afternoon, and I was sittingi in ni,i• office, when the'door t 4 ..... 1 „......,...*,-. - .;, - ,I__ ei t 7,,........,,,.......„ 4 . •••••• irel . ...nit roommate, Cyril- Orme,' wl iminedi ately began an 'exciting re ation of a murderous street fight that iad taken place in Sacramento the day previous, in which NI old friend of ours, Charlie Howard, had been shot dead by Bill BroWn, a noted horse -thief from Ails souri. Not content. with this, the Mis sourian had dragged the corpse into a saloon, and placing it on a billtard ta ble, lead stood beside it • for nt.arly au hour, dating the dead man's friends to come and take the body? Sbortly , afterwards he had mounted his horse and ridden out of the city. - " T, myself," Gyril continued, " was not in town when it happened, and did not hear of it niitil the murderer had left, and it was too hile to do anything but follow him, and b r i ng hi m i f pos4 _ ible to justice.' Cyril's eyes were moist when h end ed, for the dead man had been a entle man, and a friend deir to us both, and we telt that something must lie done to avenge his untimely death. For this purpose, Cyril, knowing that he cotlld do not hingsingle handed, had hastened to San Fransisco to tell me and raise a party for . the pursuit. i knew, if we acted at all, it must be immediately, and we had nolime to waste in talking ; so jumping out of my chair, I put on my hat, buckling oh a belt containing two Colt's revolvers and a long Spanish knife, I followed Cyril,--who was sim ilarly armed out upon tie square. . In less than an ho , tris - e had recruited three. of the bravest nen in town, Sam Hendricks, Dave f_. hevely and Hall Robinson, and wer all five grdlo . ping towardA Sacramento Our plan was tco apture the ruffian aft e r he had stqpped for the night, which we judged he would do at one of the only, two taverns on the road he had taken. Then we would eitheti take him quietly whlle he slept, or by a a Surprise=when he c/Inie out of his room in the morning--AtAN o'clock in the evening after a long and hard ride, we came in sight of the first of the two pub lic houses, , and sent Chevely, whom Brown did not know, ahead to find out if - he was there, and bring us word. He rode on and entered the house, but in a moment afterward came out and beckoned us on. The landlord said that a man answering Brown's deseripi tion had staid there the nigr previous, but had risen late that morning, and after partaking of a hearty ' breakfast, had saddled r his horse and rode on. Here Ave fed our horses and rated until dark. Then we rode on, and arrived, about ten o'clock, at the other house, which we felt certain must contain the murder er. We cautiously dismounted, and peering in through the 'window, -saw that the large room contained but one person, the owner of the house. Seeing the coast clear we walked 'in and in quired in low tones for Brown. The proprietor replied that the one he sup posed to be the one we wanted had stopped there early in the evening, had takeq the hest room in the house, and after partaking of a light supper, had gone in and locked the cicior. Knowing this to be the deeperado,:.'we immediate ' ly called a council of war relative to the best Manner of capturing - Mtn. Cyril advisedhursting, in the door, but that, we all saw, would give him too much advantage, as he would he cer tain to shoot otte'or more of us before we could get him. So we decided on the whole to, wait until morning, and secreting: - ourselves without the door, capture him by surprise as•he came out. Meanwhile we Were greatly in need of sleep'', having ridden nearly tete whole of the previous night, we agreed to bar ricade the doors, so that no one &mid get out without alarming us—the win dows were small holes, at a great height NUMBER 4. from the ground—and then to lie down. and, take a Sew hours' sleep, lest we should be overcome by drowsiness near morning, and so let the villain escape. It seemed as if but a• few momenta had passed sines throwing myself down to *p, but it must have been over an bout when "woke with a strangefhad feel gin every nerve—a feeling as If some great hideous, slimy monster was near me. A shuddering ' fear swept through every fibre of my body, and in. stincliVely I. grasped my pistol and peered cautionsly around. The room was as dark as pitch, and not the slight est thing revealed itself to mystraining eyes. But still the terrible ;feeling sat upon me like a nightmare, and seemed to point as with skeleton fingers to a eel's tain side of the room—the side on which; I kaew Hall Robinson was sleeping ; and suddenly to my intense gaze, di rected to that spot, there became visible what appeared to be a ray of light, which, as I looked, spread itself out until it assumed the form of a cylinder light, that shone with .vivid distinct ness on 'the deck, chin, mouth, and moustache of a sleeping man—Hall Robinson—and then a great gaunt bo ny, yellow hand, grasping a knife, glided from the darkness into the flood of light, hovered an instant, over its prey, and then quick as a flash, deacen sled 1 I. limnd a low, gUrgling cry. Then all was dark and still as death, There seemed something supernatural. I felt the great veins on my forehead swell almost to bursting, when Ina sec ond the whole so lution burst upon me; and my teeth until they al most .crumbled beneath the pressure, I silently cocked my pistol, held rny breath, and-waited for that light to Cre appear ; and then I saw it just as be fore resting on another throat. In stinctively the hand that held ray pis tol sprang forivard. Again I saw the fearful hand, that dreadful knife, and then—two pistol shots rang out togeth er, half a dozen wild cries and howls were heard and, and again all was still. The light shone on, but Instead of gloating-over the uncovered throat of Dave Chevelry, it fell upoi • the har dened, brutal, beastly face of the Mis sourian horse thief and murdered, Bill Brown, as he lay upon the floor with a ,bullet through-his brain. We never knew who killed him, Cyril or I. We bad both been awaken ed, and fired precisely at the same in stant. One ball had struck the wall, s the other gone crashing through Bill Brown's skill,. Not being asleep when we arrived, the cunning murderer hid sena us through the k l ; k y-hole, rec ognized hs; guessed (air i§sion, and had come to the conclusion,that a bold, secret and deadly attack, while we were irta deep sleep of exhaustion, was his only chance of escape. Favored by a dark-lantern, he had 'made the attempt, and poor Hall Robinson pa!id for it with his life. Cheveiry was nearly frightened to death, but otherwise sus tained no injury, and Charlie Howard h was avenged.—Ex. BU TER FROG[ MILK.--Many persons in making butter think they must not churn anything but pure cream, and would,rather lose some of the cream in skimming than to have any milk get in with it. I believe I can make : fifty pounds of butter more from one cow during the season by churning all the milk, than I could by churning the cream aloue. In the greater part of the the milk will sower before half the_cream is risen, the atmosphere be ing warm and sultry, and the cream will often sour and taste bitter beforeia churning is gathered. In cold weather it willnot rise, and if we, warm it {as many do) we hurt the quality of the butter. Many persons, in setting milk-, put about two quarts in one pan, thinking the cream swill rise better. Think of the cream that will adhere to the edges of a pan in skiintning. and then the number you would have in setting the milk of a number of 'cows. Drachms make ounces; ounces make pounds In eburnitig the milk we do, away with the labor ofset ting, skhamlug, washing and scalding. The expense of crocks or pans or a number of cows is cousiiler able. I have cream crocks holding from . four to six gallons, easily handled. I strain one churning in two pr pore, cool it, let,it stand until it commences to get sulur and then put it in ay, up right churn that holds sixteen to twen ty- gallons ; test it with thermometer; if too cold, put in \warm water; if too warm, cold water, and churn it about one hour at sixty-four degrees Fahren heit. The butter is always the same color, unless the etleitm has been frozen i or scalded. If the pasture, waterl4d other things are the same, I get the i same amount of butter each day, the season through. ' - I use sheep power,•for turning. It is simple, easily constructed, very durable; the whole cost NV i I I . notexceed eight dol lars in the last manner referred to,I have made from two common cows, du ring the past• two- years, and five months of this year, 1,092 pounds of "blitter, exclusive of milk and butter used in family, and raised one calf each year ot?i sweet milk. I have sold to the amount of $325, and have over three hundred pounds Tor sale now. I don't claim my cows to be extra milkers, but Ido think that a penny saved is .as / g 'od as a penny earned. If our friends h ye a better way that they can -make in re butter; and make it easier, I should like to hear from therri through the Bizral:—Rurat New Yorker. 'REPORT OF TM' DIRECTOR OF THE MINE—The report of the. Director of the*Mint gives the total coniage for the last fiscal year as follows: gold .$21,828,637 Silver ..8.40,746 Nickle, copper and br0nze...1,2.79,055 The 91d coined at Philadelphia,— was • 3,178,637 At San Francisco d .. 18,6.50,000 Silver at Philadelphia .434,746 At San Franc _co • ...406,000 Nickle Coppel. and bronze at Phila delphia. Total N 0. ., of, nieces struck. 34,66%168 /The total deceits of 'gold bullion at the mint and branches was A31i563,249, of which 516,794,196 was in uipasted bars and 414,063,753 in refined bullion. In San Francisco the total gold de-; posits-were $17,711;393, of which $8',343, 151 was in nnpasted bars and $9,364,236 in refined bullion. A Husband, I hope you have ncLobjec t ion to my getting weighed !"Certain ly not, my dear ; but why did ygu ask me that question ?"Only to see, my love, if you would allow me to have my 'weight' for once.'