Ontrg,
Autumn.
Sweet Sabbath of the year!
While evening lights decay,
Thy parting steps, methinks I hear,
Steal from the world away.
Amid thy silent bowers
'T is sad, but sweet, to dwell,
Where falling leaves and drooping flowers,
Around me breathe farewell.
Along thy sunset skies
Their glories melt in shade,
And, like the things we fondly prise,
Seem lovelier es they fee.
A deep and crimson streak
Thy dying leaves disclose,
As, on oonsumption's waning cheek,
'Mid ruin, , blooms the rose.
Thy scene each vision brings
Of beauty in decay,
Of fair and early faded things,
Too exquisite to stay;
Of joys that come no more,
Of flowers whose bloom is fled ;
Of farewells wept upon the shore,
Of friends estranged or dead;
..of. all , thatasow,may. seem,
To Memory'Llearfal eye,
Thiiiniehild beauty of a dream,
O'erlrhioh.wcgaze and sigh.
for the Preebyterien , Banner and Advocate.
Sketches of New England Life.
NUMBER 11.
Free Schools in New England—SkePticiem in Debt
to the Bible—lmportance of Good Nen for
Teachers—Committees in all the Towns—Board
of Education—Powers of the School Committees
in Boston and Massachusettalncrmapetency and
Negket of Committees—The Injury Catued..by
School .Funds..
MESSRS. EDITORS :—Though I pmsbiloily
in this, my second number, to opal/ AO**
Colleges of New England, yet, some4things
have induced me to change my mind,„and
give a further statement of the management
of the Public Schools in that portion of our
country. These schools are more general
than private institutions, and their influence
is much.wider, on.this account. There is
not a single town in New-England, to,my
knowledge, (and that knowledge is somewhat
extensive,) in which therewre.not free •pub.
lie schools. I mean by, their being free,
that all, how poor so•ever they may be,
have'the privilege of sending to them.
All these schools owe their origin, like
the Hospitals, and ether benevolent institu
tions, to the Bible ;..to that open Bible,
which the " Pilgrim Fathers" of New Eng
land brought with them, when they came,
an•exiled band, to these sehores. This.foot
does not loam to be, sufficiently recognized
by those of skeptical tendencies. Indeed,
infidelity has never been willing to pay back
what she has really received through: the
medium of the Holy Scriptures. I suppose,
for this reason,
It would piok her bane,
As bird of borrowed feather."
Wherever the Bible has gone, schools, edu
cation, and science, have all ollowed in its
train. I, therefore, like your remarks when,
speaking of Jefferson College, you say,
"There are those who lament that so, many
of our ministers should be employed as
teachers, in Seminaries, Colleges, and Acad
emies. With such .we have no sympathy;
we rejoice that so large a •portion at our
schools are truly Christian." To this, the
writer would say, Amen, with all his heart.
I think that in all the New Englitnd
States, I am sure it is so in Massachusetts,
the examining power to introduce or mom
mend teachers, is vested in a Committee
consisting of more than one person. This,
it is believed, is, an .improvement•-upon the
course pursued in ,Pennsylvania, where a
County Superintendent conducts the exami
nations of teachers, and issues certificates
of qualification. This, it strikes us, is vest
ing too , much power in one man. True, it
may never be abused, and. yet it may. A
Committee of three, five, Seven,. or more,
according to the population of the town,
would-seem. to, be preferable ..in „very Jnany
respects.
In Massaihusetts..each towivis. by statute
law required to have such a Committee,
whose dup it is, not only -to examine" anti
issue certificates• of pialifieition. to all teach
ers, but also to take the general oversight of
all the public sohoola.
This arrangement of Committees does not
interfere in-the least with the doings of the
"Board of Education," in this Comiiion•
wealth, nor with their " Secretary," who is
the Genera/ Superintendent of all the Public
Schools. This office has been filled but by
three gentlemen; the first of whom was
the late Horace Mann, who' occupied it for
the first sixteen years of its-existence. Mr.
Mann, though a Unitarian t and.his influence
upon the rising generation somewhat. feared
(perhsps justly, on • that account,)' was by
far the most efoient and energetic of either
of the three who have heldrthe office. The
Rev. Bernal Sears, the present President
of • "
Brown University," the immediate
successor of Mr. Mann, was tame in com.
parkin with his "illustrious . predecessor,"
and it is difficult to see what qualification
the present incumbent has for discherging
its duties, save that in time of high party
excitement, he was unfortunate
. enough to
be elected Geverner,of the Commenwealth,
a misfortune whieh\liiis,hetellpese thwone
man of =Mateeseteity:in , the t politios of
the " Oldsßay‘State. dues 411Celeo
don and of the , Committuit interfere,
in the city-of Boston, with the arrangement
of a Superintendent of Public Schools in
that city Indeed, the Committee is the
acting body, and the Superintendent a crea
ture of their election, and the office itself a
creature of their formation. The manage
mint of all the schools, the examinations
and recommendations of all the teachers,
the selection of the Superintendent and as
signment of his duties, and all their War.
lee, are the legitimate duties of the Com
mittee. The Committee is composed of
seventy-two members, six from each of the
twelve wards of the city, making the exact
number of. the Jewish Sanhedrim, to which
are added by the city charter, the Mayor
and President of the Common Council, ex
officio.. This " School Board " has great
power, as the expenditure of all the school
money, and the entire and absolute control
of all the teachers and schools, is. their
special perogative. The powers of the
Board sre as they should be, but men are
often elected as members who are totally
unqualified for the office. You would
scarcely believe that in this so called
" Athens" of America, men would Ix
chosen on such a School Board, who
were so ignorant as to be laughed at and
about, by the young ladies whom they had
examined as candidates for teachers.
The way in which this Committee is
elected is responsile for bringing in suoh in
competent men, as they are ohosen by party
polities, and he who oan brawl the loudest
in a political gathering, is the most likely to
be elected. •
Another defect is, the Committee receive
no pecuniary consideration for their services,
and as .a consequence of this, many, atioept
the office who have not sufficient interest to
attend the regular meetings of the Board,
'or to %lett the schools as the law directs.
So that, taking into account the ineompe
tenoy and neglect of the Committee in Bee
ton, (and in other towns,) there is mush .to
call for a change in , the umnagement of the
public soboolsan the Ohl Bay St
Yet, the schools here have been .far be
fore these in boineetiont and the other New
-England States. A great evil to the tiablio
schools in Connecticut has resulted from
their large School Fund. It was laid aside
for future use by the early settlers of the
State, but like the Manna which the Is. ,
raelites gathered over and above what , they
needed for their daily supply, it has bred
corruption in ths form of negligence. and
indifference to the echools. In theirechools
the old adage has been verified,l"light
come, light go." The people have had
nothing to pay for schools, ' and they have
valued them in that ratio. In some towns,
twenty years ago, they had not interest
enough in public schoolsito keep their school
houses in decent 'repair. In towns border
ing upon the line between -this -State. and
Massachusetts, a very visible,, difference be
tween the schools, in these contiguous
towns, was manifest. ,In Massachusetts,
where the money was chiefly .raised by di•
reot tax, the schools were an hundred per
cent. better( than in Connei3tiont, wherea
cost the people nothing._
Indeed, the same principle seems e. to have
operated: iphere funds had -been allowed. , to
accumulate for the support of Gospel ordi
names. The money given by good men to
the. Congregational churches, in- the...great
defection from the truth, anal- even the par
sonages and ohurah plate, were carried off
by the Unitarians, as originally the vessels
of the Temple of Solomon were. , earried
among the heathen to grace their idol fes•
tivities. Does the great Head of the Church
design by this that every generation shall
bear its own burdens,. and to inculcate that
while " the laborer is worthy of his hire,"
those who have the labor , shall pay the
" hire ?" I have sometimes thought
principle is here involved,. whibh is..werthy
of the,consideration, not only. of: elk who.
have to do with schools, but 'also by those
who are called to manage the affairs of.
" the Lord's house." SENEX. •
Pf.
~ 1101 .
, d p.„,,
- '"` '4
THE WORDS OF TR! LOWn JESUS: By Rudolf
, Stier., Translated from :the second revised and
enlarged German edition. New Edition. Phil
adelphia: Smith, English i t Co. New York:
Sheldon 4^ Co. Boston: Gould; 4 Lincoln.
'Pittsburgh: Wm. S. Rollout, and John S.
Davison. 1859.
" stier's Words of the Lord Jesus." have been
held in high, esteem among the Evangelical Di
vines of Germany, for nearly twenty years ; and
within a few years this work has, been introduced
to English readers, by whom-it has-been.received
with the warmest approbation. The object of
the is to unfold the meaning and harmony
of all the recorded words that fell from the lips
of the Lord Jesus, when upon earth. In doing
this he brings to his aid _wonderful learning,
great subtlety of analysis, and keen .inquisition
into the meaning and secret thread of every di's
course, and throughout he makes unwearied pro
test, against Rationalistic opinion& Probably, no,
other work upon the Gospels is equally able, and at
the same time equally, safe. Therefore we hail
this new edition with unfeigned pleasure. The •
first lour volumes will contain what has hitherto
been published in eight volumes, (averaging
nearly one thonsand pages each,) and the fifth
volume will be the translation of the author's
recent addition to his work, entitled. ' " The,Words
of the Risen Jesus." • '
The first volume is now readr; ;the second
will be published on the• 16th of December ; the
fifth. volume, viz., .":The Words of the Risen
Jestis," on the 15th of Jaisnary, 1860 ; and the
two remaining volumes within four months from
that time. The price. Will be $3.00 per volume for
each of the first four volumes, and $2.00 for the
fifth, with the usual , discount to clergymen and
theological students.
Timm VISITS TO MADAGASCAR, during the Years
1863-4-6, including a Journey to the Capital,
with Notices of_ the Natural . History of the ,
Country, and of the Present Civilization of the
People. By Rev. William Ellis, , author
of "Polynesian Researghes." Pp. 426. 12mo.
Illustrated by woodcuts and photographs.
Bradley, Philadelphia.
Madagascar is the largest , of the African
Tslands.lt . hasa population of some four , mil
lions. The people are more intelligent and more
.olvilized than are the great body of the Africans.
The English missionsowerei for some time,.great.
ly successful, bat they were, about twenty years
ago, expelled from the country. They, however,
left seed which still .grows .and flourishes. The
Queen who now occupies the throne is a Pagan,
and is exceedingly hostile to Christianity; The
Prince, her son, and heir-apparent to the throne;
is a Christian. On his accession there will,
doubticss, batt,groat4hange.
The work, by Mr. Bradley, is a condensation
of Mr. Bilis' •larger volumes. To those who
have a thirst for knowledge, but whose time is
much oceepied, the book before ns may be 001..4
dially oommended.
TRH ORIICIBLII ; or, Tests of, a Regenerate State
By Rev. T. A. Goodhue, A With an Intro
ductibn by. E. 7. Kirk, D.D. Pp. 852,12050
Boston : Gould. 4- Lincoln. New. York: Shed
don t Co. Pittsburgh John S. Davison
1860.
This work treats of .a most important subject
concerning the highest interests of immortal '
some. Its object is to bring to light suppressed,
hopes, expose false ones, and confirm the true.
It is addressed to all serious persons, and may be
read by them with great profit; but it is espe
cially designed for ministers and others, whose
tan requires them to test and gidde the religious.
hopes and. experiences of others. We do not
agree with all the positions here taken, nor will
our readers; but this does not diminish, in any
degree, our estimate of the ability and value of
the book. In its scope and spirit it accords, in
general, with the treatise of Pi esident,Edwards
on "The Affections," although the subject is
treated from a different point of view. The
minister that studies this volume carefully, will
be convinced-more than ever of the. necessity, of
returning to the discriminating, searching, and
experimental mode of preaching• that 'character
ised former times, but,that has ; fallen so laments,-
bly into disuse in our days.,
A DICTIONARY or THE HOLY BIELN, , for General
Use in the Study of the Scriptures. With En
gravings, Maps, and Tables. Pp. 584, ;12mo.
Price 75 cents. or $l.OO gilt, Published by
the American Tract Society. New York. Phila
delphia : Tract House, No. 929 Chestnut Street.
Pittsburgh : W. S. Rentoul, St. Clair Street.
This work is based on Dr. Edward Robinson's
Condensed Bible Dictionary, first published in
1888. About two thirds of that work 'is com
prised in this, with large additions drawn from
hisinore recent Biblical researches, from the Bi
ble Dictionaries of Rev. John Brown and Prof.
Eadie, of Scotland, sod from the most valuable
recent discoveries in Biblical Geography, Natural
History, etc., as gleaned from travelers and ex
plorers in Palestibe, Egypt, Arabia, and Assyria.
Much care seems to have been expended in the
preparation of the book, and the engravings and
• Maps are particularly fine.
e 0 --
WOMEN ARTISTS IN ALL AGES AND COUNTRIES.
By. Afro. A'llet, author of •4 The Women of the
American Revolution," etc Pp, 377, 12mo.
New York: Harper 4- Brothers. Pittsburgh:
John B. Davison. 1859.
Mrs. Ellet has dene.a good service io preparing
this reliable and readable account of the " Wo
men Artists of all Ages and -Countries." The
writer gives evidence -of a wide acquaintance
with the history of art, a taste highly cultivated;
and a spirit lively, and appreciative of criticism.
We can commend this
. book to all who- wish to
know what women have done and can do as
artiste, and as a handbook in these days of pic
ture galleries. Harper's catologne is continually
receiving new and valuable additions.
Tel 8111AISONS. By James Thomson. New ,York :
Robert Carter Brothers. Pittsburgh : Tokn
S. Davison. 1859.
Thii is anew and superb edition of " Thom
son's fiessous,"Ainstra,ted.in thuhighest style of
art with over forty engravings; designed by such
eminent artists as Birket Poster, F. It. Pickers
gill, R. A., J. Wolf, G. Thomas, and Noel Hata=
FRE PRESBYTERIAN BANNER AND ADVOCATE.
..as
phreys. In binding, paper, type, and illustra
tions, it , is a perfeot gem of the book-making
art. As the holidays are approaching, we would ,
oall the attention of those intending to make'
presents, to this book.
Tau TWltuarWakqes., ; With Hymns and - Songs. ,
13y the author of "The Voice of 'Cliristian
Life , in Song." Pp.,,228; 12mo. New York:
Robert. Carter 4 "Broil; Pittsburgh : John 05.
Davison:
A 'sweet and precious little volume, sparkling
with beauty, and redolent of fervent piety.: The
author has much of. the evangelical fervor of
MaCheyneand Bonar .with much of the imagery,
calm richness, and touching pathos of Keble.
AXPOStrIaI Olt MISSTATIMINTII. By Nevi/is B.
Craig. Pp. 79. Pittsburgh : John . S. Davison.
859.
This is a reply to some of the statements, con
tained in H. M.-Braokenridge's " History of the
Whiskey Insurrection, noticed by ns a short
time ago. Mr. Craig writes with "oloarness and
force, with eyident honesty of intention,and in as
good 'a spirit as could he , expected in the circum
stances.
Tom BROWN AT OXFORD. By Thomasrhythm,
'
author, of " Sohool.D,ays at Rugby,!' BaCuring
of the White Borse," , etc., etc. Boston: Tick
; nor 4. Fields. Pittsburgh : John S. Davison:
This is,a sequel to School Days at Rtgby,"
that bus
„bean read, and admired by so . many,
thousands. - , lifs,published .in monthly-parts,. at
twelve .cents,..and the name. Of the ; author, and the
success of his-previous works will secure' an im
mense circulation. Ear ourselves, we-will;look
anxiously for the Appearance of every successive
number..
tor tke in*
TWO POISOni*
"NO,'" said Arthur - Wilson, one. even
-64 will you give me the key of the book
ease in your study'?" ,
":Why, <iny boy?" •
" rwisk to,take out le book."
st,,Whieb .bookil" •
" book,from „the, high shelf."
" That ienot answering my-question"
scarlet book,,papa; am not , sure
of the name. I wish to lead it %this even
,
i9g-"
" Who gave you that took, ArthuN• ?"
"One of the boys' at school.:. He said
there were,-niee stories in it, began'
one ofthem. , Wasition, , papa, wholooked
it up?"
it yes.pi
yort`rdom ?"
14 BecaustO slid not . wish you to read• it: ,
I hame,ttot resd„,:it myself,, hut rT. know , the
name of , the-writer-well ; be is a Frenehmarr,
and a r very bad,man, who ,writes.things that
it would , be-very wrong in me •to.allow you-to
read."
Arthur looked.much vexed.
"I am ,sure, papa, that was , .a :very nice
story which I began list night, And, I wish
Very much to finish it. Will you not give
it tome just for this evening? pass
over all thatis wrong."
Mr. Wilson. smiled. " And'how; will you .
know.whatiptoffass overe.till• you , have read
it ?"
"But, papa, .1. am,sure just; reading it.
once, quite quickly, would , do• me no harm."'
1i Arthiliy,,iihy, is kyour.. Mother, always,so
careful to keep. the bottles of laudanum
looked up?"
11‘ecause iCis poison of course.
"Is landau= the only, poison in the
apothecary's shop?
" No, papa; there. are , many lAbers."
" Yes, and of.mani,kicds,. which. may
hurt. :man in various ways. Some .will
bring a deadly sleep upoibeyou,-, othere,vic
lene`pains and ounixtleions: You .may Ain
from swallciwing , one kind, oritllowing an
other ,to touch an .open scratch , get:
into your blood, or •by breathing, another
kind. intowyourdungs, A sensible man will
handle theta All most cautiously, it sensible
child will , not touobtthem at all. But them
are, worseiand more, deadly.poisons thart,any
kept by the apothecary: Which-is ofimost ,
importance, my,son, to you and ,me—our.
soul or rour body.?','
"The The soul, of course'
" Why ?"
" Because it must live forever—in heaven,
or hell"
" Then, is : notthe poison which , wend&
destroy our.soule to , be more,dreaded and
avoided than what„would merely injure our
poor mortal bodies.?"
" Yes - •
" Well, I believe that fatal poison is con
tained in your scarlet' book, whioh I have
looked up from.-you, just as your mot , et
looks up.the laudanum. The-writer of that
Book is a wretched .man, who is -poisoning
the souls of his . fellow creatures. He does
not himself believe. in ,;God, and by his
writings he is destroying the faith of *hers,'
and at ithe.,sameatime,those moral virtues
whioh can , never stand long if the founds
tiomof.Christian faith isiunderniined. And
aIL this is done' in, the most dangerous way:
--under , the formof most interesting stories.
When you are older,' and , your faith and
knowledge confirmed, you might, ,I hope,
read the book, andmote and loathe its errors.
Bat meanwhile, ,my , dear boy, be as much
afraid of leading .poison, as of swallowing
it. Never begin a new author until -you
hive asked myself,' or some other friend
whom you can trust; if the work is safe and
suitable for you. Pray for the-blessing, of -
God upon,all the studies to which we.,direct
you; and above all, study and value the
Book, God'e.own,precious Word, ,where in
every,page you,may,find food and medicine
forboth •mind and , soul."—Fanzily Treas-
/grititural,
A , .Correet View
He who ,, limits his views of agriculture to
produotionlonly, canAirive but an imperfect
idea of ,the.subject. He has looked at it in
but•one of its • aspects: To comprehend it
fully;,he must embrace a much wider ,field
of inquiry„and understand not merely, how
the, earth can- be made to yield its richest
returns to the ‘hnsbandnian, but . also .how
those returns' can be made most available for
his romand. happiness.
Of' what wane is production, without
consumption? Of what«usenareAbuodant
crops, unless some fair..equivalent eau be ob
tained,ior-the surplus over the wants of the,
prodnoer ?
A correct view ,of the agriculture of a
country, therefore, must embrace the con
sideration,not only of the modes. by. which
the large'st crops cap be , raised, but. "leo of
the means by which they can be best dis
posed of; or, in other words, bow the beat
markets clan be provided, and the best prices
maintained. •
The function of 'agriculture is to produoe
--of ananufactures.to convert—and of corn
tame to exchange. And as it is obvious
that a large portion! of the productions of
the soil. are comparatively of little voting
until they have been converted, by the
processes of manufacture, into new forms,
and the surplus has been exchanged for
such , commodities = as the,produeer m. ymeed,
it follows, as a necessary consequence, that
there must be an intimate 'relation between
agriculture, numufactures, and commerce.
It will readily be conceded that, if all the
labor of the world was directed to the pro
duotion of 'food,•the surplus above.the , want&
of the Ineitneers 'would be of little , .or no
value, because:there would' be no, dei.nan4
fdr its:: As: everyoorre would raise enough
fqr his own, use,: he would not. find it neces-
eur leek topic seighber4or a -supply.
The surplus above the wants of the farmer
would, therefore, be useless, and left to
perish in the fields in which it was produced.
To give value 'to it, , a demand must be crea
ted for it In the absence of such a de
wand it-would 'soon dean to be produced.
This demand , -ean be-created 'only by multi
plying ,the, eccupitir
onof the citizens, or, in
other, words, by withdrawing a ,portion•-of
the population from the production of food,
and directing their labor to other= pursuits.
When.thisi.ist effected, a demand is created,
proportioned to the number of laborers, who
arothus Tendered consumers instead , of pre.
ducers, and the foundation is laid for' the(
interchange, between the vdifferent classes of
laborers, of the fruits of their respective
branches ,of industry. This interchange
corstitutes, in the first place, , the bartt:l— ,
and, in the more advanced stages of its
progress, , :the. commerce .of , .the world.
The , prosperity: of the, farming, interest,
thenolepends-upon the preservation
,of' the
proper relation b e tween-production and con
sumption. If an Overproportion of thd
people ainferigaged its preductioli, the sup
ply will exceed ,the demand.; the market
for -the prOductir of tbe soil• will-be-de
pressed ; and' the . 'interests of agriculture
must languish. on the, other hand, oe=
caption can be:.given .to,a -large portion-of
the population,;, in the. mechanic arts, in
manufacturing,: in ~mining, in- navigation,
and in 'commerce; the demand' for the , fruits
of. agriculture, , will be increased; tbeirprices
enhancedi 'andltholarmers must prosper.
Thinguppit I Don't to Bee.
I arca to asfarmer boastingof-his
large °rope,- without knowing eomething of
their r iost.; ' , •
• I'don42-like te.see. , a.fanner =crowd-this
fields vaith.cows-as.soort, , as. he. gets his. hay
off; and ',milli,' milk ;for 'two-cents a quart.
It will make:it uphill,work for; the , rising
generation:
I . tion4,like toyeee a.-farmer go by the
village store to some city, or largeTlace =for
his stores ,~ - and then tell what dull _Place,
his village. is.
I don't ~like toset• fermereart his = crops
to - markeywhen,. Wheawould istay at home,
aurehaserewould . come .after them. Every
. , .
:cockerel crows the -loudest- , upon tts-owni.
coop .
I deetliketo lee a farnrergo ontottown
to-invest-his imoneyand then-my these4's
no enterprise in our young men.. ,
I don't like to see anybodyputtheirown
.boys into stores, depots, &a., and them.ad
vise,allyOnng men to stick to the.farrn it
looks as thought}eytliked ,eheaprbreadland.
butter, but wanted somebody's bone and`muscle liht thoir own Children's - to produce
I do n't like ; to seefia: farmer sell any farm
products -for half twbat,,it costs ~.to produce
them, and4lbutinue - thtf same buainess year
aftar year. tlt is , like .going into the= large ,
end of *silent-arid-doming out at the tip.
I do n't Irk° to see.,l4faimer urge' his,sons
,to stick to the farm,becmiselhe cannot afford
to.bire =FON when, , if-le-wouldgive them =a
trade, or, fit them -for,aome t .profession,-,,they
would - 44 ipblessingto him in.all , futureltime.
Anyl-thing..-that:low Cannot Afford; tohire
done, is
,nbt, worth do a ing.r—Corresp,ongent
New , England Farmer..
%Bees.
The. , Agricultural Bureau, of the (United
States Vatent Office -Itaye received
genes,of thu , shipme utfrom..flavre, , Prisoner;
of large swarm of . Loilibardy,bees, These
bees will: be: :senti.upon their, arrival here,
direct F . to :the, :Agricultural :Bur - eau: They
are of 'larger size Otte the ordinary ' bee,
and,bavingalinger bill, -are« able to .suck
flowers inaccessible the American bee.
'rho- psoduct, of ran oldn hive of J these' bees is
.soMetimes , one landred and :fifty :pounds -of
honey in one season. These bees will not
, be distributed.until 1861, by-which:time it
is expected to -rem% from the swarm ,now
in, &unapt. stock 'enough for six hundred
hives.
Leaves asAktamge.
InAinanY parts of our eountrywoodlands
have -deposits.. of leaves,-until the , amount
Contained ,on the surface is entirely greater
than is required for any benefit they-ean
fgrnish.,ta,,,tbe .growing. forests, In „mush
cases- the leaves., May .be removed to _the
manure`shed with great profit; having
parted 'before •or-soon ...after, with
all theirs aqueous portion, they become a
progressed-representative of -large -amounts
of inorganic matter, and when properly
eompoeted:and decayed, form a manure` of
great value. Woods earth, to be found .in
many...localities in large deposits, is very,
valuable• as manurec bat ftrat , requiring.treat
went with a lime and salt mixture, to neu
tralize tannic acid and to disihtegrate the
fibre so as to render the manure fine for
distribution.` 'We have often seen woods
earth of;three times' the ivalue ',per cord of
the...best_ barnyard manure. Dried leaves
may be used as, an absorbent for urine in
stables in the place of straw, and .they may
be gathered up through the woods.
•
NEN BOOKS.
U. *PT. PUBIAISTIAD:
ep •
THE CRUCIBLE ;
Or.•Teets of a Regenerated State, designed to bring to light.
Suppressed Hopes,-Expose.Palse Ones, and Confirm the
True. By REV. J. A. GOODHUE, A. M. With an
Introduction by Barr. E. N. KIRK, 12mo. Cloth,
Sl.OO.
This volume cannot fail to stimulate religiene thought
and diseruedon. It presents• novel, original and startling
views. places ,within the Christian fold many who claim
no place there; cuts off from it many who consider them
selvei entitled to all 'its privileges, and applies tests of
spiritual character which are vitally distinct 'from those
watch are current in the popular religion of the day. It
is one of the books to be read, marked and inwardly
digested. ' r
THE PURITAIS •
Qr, TheCkert, Church and Parliament of 'England, during
the reigns of Edward Sixth and Elizabeth. By Samuel
Hopkins. 8 vols.;tivo. Vol.!: $2.50. .
Thfsbieolume is quite se remarkable for historical. accu
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authorities with scrupulous care, speak . in the 'highest
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his place wita the biading historians of the country, Ban
croft, Prearcott,and Motley.
Thierwork displays a deep historical reeeareh, is admi
rably written, and must take a prominent place in our
literature "--1, providence Journal.
"This noble and sightly sioltime is attractive by its
literary contents; as well aik by Rs arnsurpassed mechanical
execution. dt bas-the interest of. a ihistorical romance, so
Minute are the details, so dramatic the narration, an
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tiOns."--rehriatialliregister. -
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" We know of no work which can be compared with this,
for en honeat.and intelligentjudgment of those questions
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Three great names appear in this age as pictorial
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Journal
. The Leaders of the Reformation
Lerma, CALVIN, • [AVNER. and-Kuox. By. J. Tulloch, D.D.,
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"The contents of the volutoi are not mere biographic
details. but masterly, philosophical estimstes of great char.
asters "—{Preebyterian. .
There. ,is no man, perhaps, among the distinguished
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—to do justice to the great, Reformers, than Dr. Talloch."
—[intelligencer.
"We commend these sketches as full of instruction, And
also of abiarbing interest. They are impartial, apprecia
tive, . and e minently suggestive."—[Boston Journal.
.
" The author shows genial sympathy with his theme,
and discusses it with- ability and eloquence."—{Nett York
Evangelist.
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Being a Critical notch of the. History of British Pros
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DAIDSKPATRIOIMBOIi'OMm2Pfk THSREtittybei
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They have the .11ILL,,UtON,PRANIE,, , are made of_THE
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nlithe greatest performeta pn the Piano,.
...F ORE I 0 N......A•PHY:kIitSR - 1 0 A-IN ,
gyve them them thcdecided 'PREYEEENONA)VER ALL
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The .Melodeons *Pd.:Organ Harriumiums of Mason -a;
Hamlinara pronounced superior to all 'others by,Doctor
Lowell - Mason; by William Mason , the oelebratial Ormanist
of Dr. Alexander's churelW.N'ear,York ; by Melberg, the
world-renowned Pianist; by George I. Webb, (tuatara hat
ter, and nearly all the 'distin'guiatted artists and "musical
celebrities of the
,country. They,lave received. the. •
• rIR - §'T 'ME D ALIII
• • .
at every exhibition , over acumnetitors.
• • • -
The prices of Mason and llpnlih'a'Melddeoas and Orr&
Ratmoninvie are is follows: - -
5% Octave Portable Melo daw, - - $
5
5 ' Double-Reid. Portable, - - 125
Plano-Style Melodeons, ' " 100
5 " . IDonble-Seed, 150
Organ garmoninme, with 4 it*, .200
44 CS - 8 44 . ,888
at . " 8 " and 4 Pedalai 480
A liberal diacount tp diurohee f and wholesalepurithasen.
For. saleoonly by JOHN H. .MELLOR,
~. Role Agent for ,Oblekering,&4onraianoseand
Mum St Hamlin's Mobsdeonssind Organ Harmoniums,
- 14843 , ' No 81 Wood St:: Parstsurgb. Pa.
SE; A AL 1,17 la +l4 H. H. A If
~
ORAL ?ER AND TAILOR,.
.
NO.. 19. FIFTH STREET S
PITTSBURGH; PENNA.,
Use just returned-from the Eastern_ Cities; and is : now Te.
calving his Pail and Winter Mock of Cloths, Cassimeres,
Meetings., and Coat Ems, ot every Variety ant style' adapted
to the best cityand.conntry tnute,irhichvillhe'niadeup to
order with promptnessiemd dispatch,. and fat-ndes
as at ,any other similar establishment in the city.
mal9-ly
40,INGERPS SEWING EAGIIINES.
"FOR FAMILY
~
Our 'Machines are viketly superior to any otbir. Pragit!:+
and delicate Bening- Machineer - niade-to.idease the eye
inerely, are recommended for family .nfie. They .will not
iuiswer, thcpurpose.
Faviily , -Sewing—Nachix . t' es
ought to-he stronger than anrother,T as: greater variety of
work is required, and they, go into less skillful hands.
Whoever buys one of our Machines knows to a certainty
it will -
PERFORM .THE WORK. REQUIRED
Calk and e x amine before purchasing..
gP Y
•
liultAlsLi AND wArririon, PA.SI3ItONS won,
- 1889.
H. SMITH, Merchant Tailor,
NO. 84 WYLIE fifiltitEF
• .
hasjust returned from the Eastern Cities, with a will
selected stock of Clothe, Oassimeres, Silk and 'Velvet Plush
Yest'ngst.all-of !dab. ,be madeAp...to , order,in.the
moitapproved styles ; Oil reasonable, terms.
Also, Gent's Furnishing floods just received, for Fsli and
Winter. No. 84 Wylie Street.
mal2 ly
JOHN D. hPCIORD. - - JAMES S. DMORD
M . COMMI e!Z
IdANUFACITIIIIIIRS AND . DEALERS IN
HATS, CAPS, AND STRAW GOODS ,.
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL, •
131 Wood Street 'Pittsburgh
Rave now on hand for Spring sales,-as large and complete
an assortment of 'Goods as can be found in any of the !let.
ern cities, conelailog of .
Ptir. Silk, and - •
of every style and quality; OAPS:of :every gnaltty-and
latest faehione; Palm Leaf, Straw, Umber% ; wad Panama
HATS; -' Straw, and Silk 'BONNETS, etc ', eta' Persons
wiebtrig to purobaSe -either by•Wholeole - or
find it to their advantage to call and examine - bur dock.
•
rri & J•T. • X OA NV It,'
.ocrrner of Liberty and .81.uth attests,. Pittsburgh
hare i received their PALL and,WINTEit fiTOOK-OP tiOODII
for . •
MAN'S WZA.-.At
Comprieing the latest importatione-of.Oloths i . Cautiteerefh-
Vestings, &c., which they are prePared to make to'order• in
style and at such prices as cannot fail to , please, ;
Their Stock of - -
READY' MADE CLOTH
ent,ansi made under. their own sapervisitmOtsgotimin
very enixwior , .manner., ; and igbibe whilst
C the -10WEIBT
.A.BZP,RICEB. : , 14024 y
W. It. wain
ing - • 5 , .. ,21. 041 ,,IClabl,DA : ig,a4k- ,ct i o.,,
Kii l Wholeataso.Dealers In R&T,B,IOAPB,IANDLiTB.b34
400.66, PlowenhiLuoluts, andaiticzy Pam. liesia - 29and• 81
meth-Fourth Street, (swirly 'ono*. Illereibe4,llolfti
' Phllladelpbic
1•11)-ly
MADIE BY
MASON -HAMM'S
STRAW;;
'B2•Mistkipt Streak. Pittabnrgb, Pm;
MEDICAL.
DR: R. A. WILSON'S PILLS.
Hiving retired from the practice of medicine, I Bu y bt
permittetto say that it ham Dagen to the lot of but few
persons to have enjoyed eo liberal or large a Sha w , e t
obstetric:id Practice as my own his been - for the hull thirty
or forty years. - . -
The experience of that long period of active life, and the
D f pe ac r d . t oti lt. °f d o m f . Y a W ie b e ileci 4 i Tin e n s , g rm ir
e tli na e twi m p e r n er ac w ' ti e ffi ce t u o er o i f i l m B3o ge ed fu ' ic i ls" i i n y e o ,;( l llt ted er, b ra ollh itrbi t ti l i r
of his pills.
BO convenient,
, and mit
t y yr n ro t thm eo e
waa safe, uaom na d .n i se
r d yyr:ii i i
ditiothei
vol.ultee
et
r..t.niiib
end these pills, that for the last lave years in practice, f ee ~,- . f .
cure of chronic diseases of whatever name. and th ose ".."
females in particular, I have need more of them
then 4
other medicines. like every. other medicine, these r p ,
fail in some instances, but in my hands there has bee n 4 ."
disappointment and more 'satisfaction in the administrati -
of Ibis 0 ..! rem.ledynitredbani.osaf a e ll apurf othe . ne nt — m its
edi il e : effert a °4
be i' l e rni matili' oi l*Pli after qtitinte
parturition, ta hth g th m e e. Wilson's Pills
ppl wer e e , joie two:.
thing r waited. .
If a dyspeptic add condition of the stomach, nem b io ..,
with costiveness, or inactivity of the liver, constitut e d t .i.'.
dismiss of toy patient, 'the pills .. were Just the thing
wanted. ' ' `
If Itreated wawa' requiring an emmena
son's Pills, were join th e thing I wanted.
If pielpilition,:heidache, flushed countenance. or other
difficulties indicating a disturbanee of the circulatory do i
secretory systems, annoyed my patient at the tarn of fir- 5,
the Wilson's Pills were just the thing I wanted.
Thus, without respect to.the name a disease migh th e r ,„_,
to wear at the time 1 - have Inedit under treatment, p u r,:
ler indications. or symptoms nriping were litany; moo '
promptly and most happily
That so great a number of, diseases, and sometime,
apparently opposite ones, in whic h I have used those BM;
should be cured more read il y by them than by any eth 4
remedy, may at fleet seem strange and contradictory, b o
why it ins°, is as clear . to my . mind . as that a
persons should become thirsty
ratites, and yet all require that common and great e n of c
blessings, water, to quench their thirst.
is conclusion, it is due the reputation of medicine en
the public - toasty, decidedly and ameonditionall
Wilson's: Pills are the only combination I have ever met
with lermj long course of practice) that really p ossess
thing curative or specific for nick-headache.
any
Yours, Ac., Jilit. MILD ADA3Is,
Wilson's Pitta.—lt -will - ^rbe - seen by our advertbing
columns that. these mina ..baire a recommendation more
valuable than any Which' a common nostrum could ere,
attain. • Dr.,A dams, who attests these, tea gentleman well
known to many of our citiseni. He is a physician of pod
relate, and has filled various public stations with credit_
Frastsergh Morning:ROA - , •
8.. L. FAHNBSTOCH k CO, Profrietors, Pittsburgh . p a.
yEjr Sold by Druggisti *everywhere, au2o em
' W
2 L 0 Vir
An esparto:wadi Nat ow:gindlibmale- Ph r ki m, Fn .
Dents to the' attention of mothers, her
SOOTHING SYRUP,
PorChlldten'Teething,
which greatly facilltaterth'S pmcess-of teething, by cos ta
kg the gums, reducing all Inharamation—will allay ALL
PAM amtupasmadlcoection; and is.:
SURE TO REGULATE' THE BOWELS.
. ,
Depend upon it, Mothers, it will give rest to youreel l " ,
RELIEF AND , HEALTH =TO YOUR INFANTS.
We, have put , up and sold - tide article forover tellyisse,
Orli 13701 v ISay 'tor *Moil ileand Walla of it, what we
bavextever:been able !irony 1.; of any other medichw.—n„
erinsa it FAMED, in sin "'" gle instance to EFFECT A
CUED, when tiniody used ;i34 never did we know ants
stance or diseaftiftiation by any one who need it. On the
contrary, all are delighted le.with its operations, and
speak in terms of highest go commendation of its waging
effede antrinedical virtnee. We speak in thin mane
"what we:do" kincw," after ten years' experience, and
pledge :our reputition • for lathe fulfillment of what as
here declare. In almost, air ery instance where the is.
f a ns Is traffering from PVi
ain and exhaustion, relief ins
be`firand in fifteen or twentrik minutes after the syrup is
This valuable preparation is the prescription of one el
the most EXPERIENCED 'Fe and SKILLFUL KURSZAie
bleirDsighthidtandlits been used with' rieverdsiling roc
cess : • ..we
• THOUSANDS OOF OASES.
It not only relieves the in child from pain, but intim.
Mee the domicil and bowels, corrects acidity, and glee
tons and energy-to thewbole system. It will almost in
stantly relieve - -
GRIPING -4ft iTiEe I 'AtOt I MS; AND
WIND Ir. COLIC,
andovercome convabdosui.,,,,which, if not speedily rem.
adios', end lodimitli. ` Webs ""'Neve It the beet and surest
remedy in the -world, in all...lessee of DYSENTERY AND
DIARRHEA IN CHU ra DBES, whether it arise
from :teething, Or from-any - other cause. We would my
to every, mother who, has a linchild mitering from sn,
the toregolzig..comPlehnts— ' 46 z not let your prej now,
nor the prepudieesof othersi eland between your suffer.
ing child, and the relief that 0$ will be SURE—yea,ABS}.
LIITELYiSITIUt , - - 4o ' follow thornier; of 'this meicine, it
limelyised. Pull , directions . for using will accompany
eschhottle. - None genuine - - onleoalloirfs64tozile of CDR
TIS • t , PERKINS;-New go York, is ontheoutaide out
Per.
Sold byDreggiste threughal'outtimererld.
Principal Claw, No. 13 g il l Cedar St. New York.
felii-ly
trptyg o l4k i rl;
NED/Clir t4
01°1'1
STANDARD REMEDIES
cit the present age, have acquired their great popularity
only throe& years of trial. Unbounded satisfaction ,
in tendered by them in all mini.
OFLARD'S
-GERMAN. BITTERS
WILL POSEIIIVELT coos
][dues Oe!Asan.% Drspftpida, Jaundice, Nerve= De-
tatty. 3:7BBsses of the =aver,.
and all dialemita Miming from a disordered Dew, or.tesdr,
swiss of the Stomach and Digestive Organs,
WILL 70f3IIMIN ISM= .
nu* FEVER, 111111011 S FEVER, AND FEVER.An_Aig.
See our Almanac far proof. Me, 75 tenth pet 119410.
'llOothuun 'l%lmge ToMbl
0:1 or Itomsauts!,Zdhittx , sis,
Cronp;ftemlutas, Cciluuntp '
saidlas iKiiimedViemoof agoaMigezmoeiviirlmown
CONFIIRAVED CoNSIIIIIEPTIOAL.
As a Diarrhoea Cordial it is anequalleA. Pance.l6 cents
per bottle:,
,1108F11,,
Ushr, well known flaunt . mat .Nurope and America, needs
no . eommendation here. They are „purely:vegetable, are
prepared with greatexactness, and are Sigar-ccated. No
better Catheitie can . be band. - Pium 25 eta, per box.
These medicines are prepared by Dr. C. N. Jammu h
Coy Plilladelph*PM‘and St. - LordiOito; sad are sold by
druggists and dealers in medicines eve4aliere. •The eig
satire° (IA Mi Jaaeboii will tovpri the outaide.e each
bottle or box.
innaeny, you
will find testimony and commendatory polices. from all
putsior the country:4 Mese Ainuumesam given away by
all our agents.
ocily
...D... -. ..•.NrL:N.NIE7's
CRMIRATED
LIVED PILLS
NOR TEX CUU Op
He&titis:or.Liver Complaint,
DYSPEPSIA ' AND SICK HEADACHE.
Symptoms of a Diseased Liver.
. ,
DAIN. in , the right tide,-under,the-edge of
the sibe; increase 'on Femme ' sometimes
the pain is in the - left;side;, .the: patient is
rarely able to lie on the left'lide; 'sometimes
the pain is felt under 'the Shout:les blade,
and it - frequently extends-to thetop of the
shoulder, and. is, SOMetkies'irtistaken for a
rheumatism in the . min. The stomach is
affected with loss orepp,tetite and sickness,
the bowels in general are costive, sometimes
alternative with last; the bead is troubled
with pain,'accompanied with adull, heavy
sensation in the back part: There is gene
.rally- a considerable loss of, memory, accom
panied with a painful sensation of having
left undone something 'which ought - to have
been done. A slight, dry cough is some
times an= attendant The patient complains
of weariness and debility; heis easily startled,
his feet are coldor burning,, and he corn
plains . of a prickly. sensation`-`of the skin;
hts spirits are loW; and although 'he is saris
ifiett tliat 'exercise would - be `beneficial to hint,
,yet he can scarcely, summon
. 14, fortitude
.enough to try it. 4.44, distmsts every
remedy, , .Sevmal of i tite r above symptoms
attend the disease, hist Cafes have occurred
where few'of thesis iiiisted, yet' examination
of ~the body,. - after Aleatis, has shown the
Livek to havebeen.extensively deranged.
'AGUE 7iND FEVER.
Dit• igkiAN'S LIVER PILLS, CASES OF
A GIJE Al! 1 Firm, when taken with Quinine ,
are productive of the most happy results. No
better 'cathartic can be used, prep ara tory to,
or after taking Quinine. We would advbc
alt who are afflicted witu this disease to give
A itAnt TRIAL. '
Adams an *taus to
FLEMING BROS., larrrsinners, PA,
• -
Dealers and'lliyal dam °Merin from otbere
rleteing pros, will do well la ar aie.e diacrww7,
at ify take none but Dr. - &Lame's, privared by Flexing
Bros.„ Pilisburgh, Pa. Toithiaeowiald.ng to give them t
trial, we will forward per, snail,,post paid, ta,aal part of
•••14041sited States; one bre of Ma for•twidsra•three•ceot
postage stamps, or one vial.,,of,:Verralfuga s for , foortosa
threocent damps. - MI order* fro' fro m " Canad 4 -mast be 30 .
oompeaded by twenty ante wane. ,
' Bold by all rerpeatable thastry
Ammon gairrally.
t