tir ~...........,...4 , it ....:...._,.„..........•.,.., , m . Yoe the Plembyiefiee'itanner,endAdreette. Lines to a Mother on the Death of Her Little Boy. He has left this dark ;world Ifor a brighter and better, He has left sin and sorrow to gain his reward ; He has gone to that land where no cloud hovers o'er him;. e.; : And he beckons you up to his happy abode. Now, mother, , hielc upward, behold in yon heavens Your Lemuel arrayed iturobes of pure vrhite; See, see, , on his head is the crown of rejoicing, And hi singe and be floats 'mid the angels of Yes, mother, beholdthlm, a seraph in heaven, Nor grieve for his hbsence, thotighshort was his stay ; But hasten your labor thioh soon may be finished, And then to the skifs come away, come away. There your Lemuel will , meet you, bit not for, to ask you Whether sickness dith trouble, or pain doth annoy For he'll know,that yo*r sorrows - are far, far be hind When , yOu've gained that 'bright keiiien, the home of your boy.' Aims. Sate .Lia, ,Tune 26th, 1858: X4#*i':':.Stili#:s - •t:.:. 1300 XX swat cons foie MAIN* will be duly attithdittlto. Thal*roatinrhipomi 110 , 1dhoy. " O l t PktoerrYoo ll 4 l o o is aia lr kit ht 'oar Philadelphia otarpsia.s. South 10th Staglislow Chosttiti 13. ea*, of .Ictiiiiph. M. Kim; or Tlil ATrethrrid WVNItY fOt Aniatt is On ' our table. of (ennients is, !Wont' ising,and the style of ekliontionilh..ex t iOtent. n;:se *eras duties do not allow ns mnoh.tinni,"ici in dulge in Periadlintls. Tni Oorizids litimionr..l3singraff, von AIIGUET.—Saine very important Snip:jests are here treated, by gentlemen of the profession: Tun EoporroAt.o.sarsa.—The Angust number of this Monthly:presents to us,-from Bie North British Ileviesso imery-,able , ardele on Lieut. Maury's Gatigripiti of Sea. i'hia,i4th,Glimpses of Royal Lifeat : lorknoT, Romano' of 'History, The Collet:dad *irks Of Bugsid , Stewati,, Jessie Bourn and Colinsta.; Bte., makes .the present an 'attraetlye number. Per uilt",lll74llll3lßannsr and Advocat4. A Letter from the Copper Region. Orroplio9N, LAKE SUPERIOR, ;July 19,1858. ; DUB, BAN': ` —Nearly a week ago the steamer Oily of Olevelawi "hauled up " at the dock blade ,the' harbor .itt Ontimagon. This town is . built on the South ,' bank of the river of the same name, Which here empties its turbid flood into, the Clear and sparkling waters Of Lake Superior. It is already a place ; of considerable „size and im portance. It as, as yet, a somewhat strag gling appearance,from• the faet.that though regularly laid out, thelide . ofitnprovement has chiefly ItiltOwell the 'course of the river,, which describes at this „point' alined. a semi circle. It . .Contains beside , the - :;usuAl pro-, portion of sinks, ofFtees,' hatele,!grogshops, , &a., a number s e,,priVato 4 7,3Sidenstea' around which borne conifortsaire gathering. There are here four, chnrcheer--Presbyterian, (0. S.) Episcopal, Methodist, and Roman Oath olio. The first of .theselhas for . its pastor the Rev. J. Irwin Smith, * mai - devoted and laborioniC.MissiOnary. •of our , Board of Domestic Missions. He is performing • a good and grellifiKrkliertk ' l ,lf - Oftrietiansiii the older andinore livoredportions of the Church could witpek s the amount'and ehar eater of the self-denying labor whiek Is performed by snot men, there, would surely be no lack of 'means in the ;treasury ,of the Beard. I have iliaidy enjoyed two ,Bab baths of privilega, , ,ruider, the ministrations of this excellent brother. 'On the first; f these he preached in .the church •in this place, in , the morning, aid.in the`afteriilion and even ing at the Toltec OeppeiiMine, twelve miles back of this' plage; All of these !minions were instruiitite,,,Cornest 4 and imPressive., What would ,Many; of ilia'`brethren ,of the ministry think * - 4:4lpending their 'Strength, and eloquencefromanAndiertee.otlere thinlie dozen helm* lti" WiAila iliiii not Aie t .liketi to contentihemselves with a loose aid de r ' sultory talk; rather than- a well-prepared, earnestly-delivereX, ,and, etriMisg; serinor4 such as we heard;beth Afternoon and even ing, at the Toltee'Mti'erWitfuiiS: . preachei on the second abbe& ofoeack,inonth ~at` that point, and has preached"aceasiorially at some of the,' other mines. ,There are soot. tored here and. there among these ,copper hills, a very fejtothAappreciatetlimelabors.• For their benefitAndfthat ef any otheraWho ' can be induced to attend /i t i licy ii,r, cheerfully per f orme d. 4p =r: .:4 '4',Al• 1 , i • 4 ~ • ' • The rest of Mr. limitlYs i time is devoted to the ehurohbulOntt4giitt,./W,heie'pfe is certainly ".in laborviziore , abundant ", thew most men, as If i! kcjit - 401*,* tbe . record ef yeaterdtiY's .iork;: , ;At :half -put ten he preached tollleetiegregatien, andiranedf, ately afterwards taught Islasiiie Obit - flexion with the Sabbath' Eehoell: , At three he preached to ,tlfe Odldreil; 'Oa; again it half past six there was ,ipreaohing for the congregation. - lii`this Ilittei Servicele was relieved by ther-Tresence -soPa'''Methoditst brother, who , preached• the-.lcrmon., Such relief is seldora eilleieriillherli " ends. of the earth ;" and when ,itA farther `Stated. that, in additieeite' liiii%. owi . appropriate work, he is requi#d't# be the cblif:singer, one cannot but wonder at the power of 'en-' durance which sustains mats (labot:: The Lord of the harvest 0 'bait? pecan= arty favored this.brother, and; 'fitted him for his work; for, although at, one: thee he had very feeble health, he assures'me that now., he never feelei r arriefl. This may be in part the effect ofctifeelkVite, which is , brib ing and exhiliarating4hut it still remaina , a , question to be solved by,.#. 1 1 1 : 1 4 whether such incessant mental labor oti' the' Sabbath can be suatante(t, . even here, with out injury. 1 ' 4 -, ~ ~ , • ) Ontonagon is the . pointld'ltddputent for % large part of thei izniiigirddriiioit 411 exhumed along the 'prolific ', shores -, 4 ~tkist ; , P t tifroit ',' of Lakes. F i ew - parions, I to/pr . : loc, who are not specially in the matter, hivic any idea of the number: of Companies, and the amount of capital employed in the cop per.mining brudnet* - Thera , is) on ahrtable a copy of the :Lake , .: .).Foperior -.lbis!, „a newspapeepublialie'd in this,place, .in)whielt there are the ltdfitilleinfients of thirty-six, distinct Companiee, and these areffmtia • - pfrif: of the whole taiiiitist.f 'The amount - f- cppi; ital employed I ' 43 oli6k : F / 040;,,wi 1 i Ac IC irizy, great. Many of )these lobed •aret 'LEIS*, remunerative. - TA niatinieliffiiiiWale ire. 1 " Minnesota," intbialleighbOrlitmdrgill tigh' ' "Cliff," farther down he -Lake Twe,days; of latt'vreekl spent invisiting some of these mines; and into the "Minnesota," in mi ner's garb, with tallow candle in hand, I descended down many a weary round of the well-worn ladder. The greatest depth of this mine is four hundred and twenty feet. At about one hundred feet from the surface, the miners are now busily employed cutting up a mass of copper estimated to weigh one hundred and fifty tons. In this same mine, they have just recently "completed the work of removing a mass weighing nearly five liundrod tons. Part of this now lies on the dock before my window, one lump of which weighs nine thousand five hundred and thir teen pounds, or nearly five tons. These 'masses have been found entirely out of the ordinary .copper lode or vein,' in the eon glomerate,.where two years ago every geolo gist would have affirmed it to be absurd to look for copper; a feet which shows how little-the ,clinta of that science are to be de l:fended one About, five hundred , hands ate 'employed' `at this mine, which is worked day and. night,' in eight or ten shafts, by the aid of half this' nunmr„,„pfAtekturfengines..-4.-The...Company havwLreeently shown—their regard both for the spiritual and temporal welfare„of their workmen, by hos pital for their - - Mint 'of this stock is held in .Isfew jorkwa large .proportiowof lem told b Presbyterians . John C. Tack er', Esq., whit; I helieveiis a mainbei of Dr. Alq.apder!s,,ehigeh, ris ,~President of the Company, and I found, when at -the mine, Inany'pjeasing evidences of his desire to do good' to the . eouhrof ,those there employed. Several Liew or heard of, were the gifts of his benevolence; among them, one in the, possession of a cheerful and happy . Motherwin.lsrael;over-aeventryears'pf 'age; iihom Mr. pleasently styles; in the , in eeription on the fly=leaf of her Bible, " The Grandmother of the Mines." The niiiters'a're Cintish,. Ger. man, and . Irish. It was pay-day when I 'was at the' Minnesota, and a number of the . ` receiving . men,kinstead of their money, gave orders for its transmission to the • Father- Land. " One man, - a German, gave such an 'order for a thonsand dollars:' , '"This has bean the accumulation of six years of unremitting tail He amia, it to ,Germany.for invest. merit. In looking • over the receipt book of the llompany, I ascertained' that.one.third Of theminersAcannot write their own names. Thee Germans, :.I believe, all write, many of the Cornish and Irish: do not..:' , 1 For the Preebyterieu Banner and ildrooste. Letter from a Missionary to Washington Teir# 6l 7::, Six Fucrtclsco, July Ist, 1858. . Rnv. DvMll,litaiii :—Dear Sir :—We arrived 'at Aspinnrall 'on Monday morning at 1 o'closik, and, after considerable delay on 'account of the tbroii* of passengers, we got i to a hotel, and paid noo for breakfast, and , started at 84'A. M. for Panama, crossing the Isthmus in five houra. The scenery ,is delightful; flowers, , evergreens, moun tain peaks, and dark ravines, give va riety to the scene. ,The natives; black, but not comely, live in huts built of cane stalks, and covered Witir cane leaves. The inhab itants of that region-subsist"chiefly on veg etables and fruit.. , 'Panama is a dilapidated town, containing about four/thousand inhahitants. It is sur rounded by.a wall, which is erumbling to dust. The old Cathedral stands near the centre . of the.eity. , It is builteof stone; and rick, doubt was a beautiful structure before the ravages of -time defaced it. The walls are covered with , moss, and herbage grows in the crevices. Two towers cf 'abont one, huh died and fifty feet altitude rise on the front •of the This is 'the building in which. t,he: Spaniards delimited their treas. Aires and apoila. Omnibus fare, fifty cents ; *glass of ice water, twenty-five cents; and every commodity in proportion. Wir - 4left the Wharf at 31 ' P. 'M., on ':a • small steamer, which , carrieds , us to-the an ehOrage of the Pacific Mail steamship, John Z. Stephens. In a couple of hours We were transferred to this huge vessel, three hun dred feet in ,length. ; , : We bad then nine hundred and eighty-four passengers, viz.: first cabin, One hundred and thirty; second Cabin, one hundred and eighty aix • steer age, six hundred and •sixty-eight. Are left at 7 o'elook and on. Tuesday at 12 M., had gone one hun'died and fifty miles., "The &- tepee froth Panama to San Francisco is three thousand two hundred and twenty-one miles. ft was a *Mini voyage, and occupied fifteen days • and three louts. One day we. ran,twe kindred and'seventy , fivamiles, but we only averaged ?shout 1 :t*o 'hundred arid fourteen per day.. I was-glad to get on' terra Ara once more., - San Francisco is a grouriug. city, cen taining about fifty thousand inhabitants. - Theibusitess portion of the city is " made groundr the harbor .filb3d - with" Mith, upon which the best houses are erected. The larger part of the , ditellizig bases are built on the hills, whieh are high and steep, so mirekeci that it diffichlt ascend or descend the streets with a vehicle, in many places. The excitement respeetingthp,gold mines ere Frazer has' taken a large 'number of the 'Californians to that country. Property has' decreased• in value to an alarm trig epent.ltt' era Men , and even in this citr , numbers•are selling at half price; but I think a reaction` will to place, which will muse a large, portion return -to their old `homesteads, "and'to' - the '1 diggings:" The strawberries:, of California are 'fine and largiy about the size of Pennsylecteia iota nuts, andihe.vegetables and fruits gefierally exceed arytbing which I have ever before I expect to leave: to-morrow for Olympia, 'on a packet steaniship: Lam stopping with Rev. Dr. Anderson, an excellent man, kind and obliging, as well as hospitable and agree. able. In;'the forenoon it is quite warm, and in the afternoon ;windy, and cool. I wear mY,9vercoat .one, part of - the day, for variety and comfort. Row thankful should we be for life, and., health, and preservation. On sea and land , the, protecting care of Provi dence is visible. By night and by day, we are the , recipients of his bounty. Let is then give him the gratitude of our 'hearts, and supplicate his blessing , and guidance, continually. Yours, truly, • W SLOAN . # u 1 .... ; -- ..._ _ Kind Ads. " Bessie, there is a peach for' you, - the finest , I have seen this "season," said Mr. 'Kohler to his little daughter. It was very beautiful- 4 .1b ripe - that it :, - look•tdijust ready to burst throe': the thin skin 'wands painter rEi have `attempted in vaiwto,tival toe 4 It was very tempiF tink,:for it;t aft I Li first one Beige had seen • this ,Swiinteb yet she titciod'Witb it is her bandeficenlingly lost in thought. • r,. ( Vilf.t4 k ; I take to ofain Mary She le - sink 'ltdd netbing - tseteswelrlo'hit fias.been: wiskinf ac io much for a Pettith f 4 t• •••Z , I ti • • • je#oll4oll ,, And away diew:Bes sie.ont,hei errand of She Went' eafil,y THE PRESBYTERIAN BANNER AND ADVOCATE. into cousin Mary's sick chamber, laid the peach before her, and quickly glided from the room. As the parched lips were moistened by the delicious juice, the little sufferer declared that it made her feel " almost well." Now, that little act of kindness made Bessie much happier than eating the peach would have done. Would you have acted like Bessie ?—Reaper. Copying a Blot. " Mother, who, of all the big boysshould you like for me to pattern.?" asked a little boy who was looking around-for a good ex ample. " Who should you think ?" asked his mother:; "you know the.,big boys better than .I do." The lithe ,boy thought Then he, said,. " There's Dan Parkes, he smokes; there's Bill Parker, he swears; Tom Jones he's got a horrid temper,;'Stint Jay, he sprees it; Jim Wood, he hates study; Joe Blake, he's cross; Charlie Doe, he goes fishing Sunday. Gus Tyng, he tells whappers. a.Mother, there isn't one, that, if shouldn i t eoPy. a 'blot from." ' ' t 'aVit From lifan's Journal of Health. Crinoline Dangers. Hall is a friend to the . Ladies. He looks to their welfare, even when dissenting from. their taste. ~He says : WHEREAS, The ladies , will lie • • adMired the world over however fantastically or ri diculously they may ,dress. ,And, , WHEREAS They,will dress to suit them . selves, being the actual sovereigns of crea tion—man being the second *ldle. ~And, WHEREAS, The less one of • them - is a public and private calamity : Be it, there fore liisolved unanimously,' that our wives and daughters be seriously, and, frequently cau tioned to Oita against a terrible death by fire; and that if the dress ' becomes ignited, the most certain method of saving life is to lie down on the floor and roll over and over;` or, better still, draw the carpet the body, head, and ears ; this will' instantly extinguish the flames and prevent. horrible and ghtistly,smou for;life, ate* the face. , It is natural, inr an, accident of this-kind, for one, woman to. run to the rescue' of an- 1 ' other, with self-sacrificing devotion and the chances are, that bothlthe rescued the 'rescuer will suffer terribly. Have a little presence of mind, and enjoin the person on fire o.lie down, but, whether. lying down , or standing up, envelop the Buffeter in a wool en shawl, or coat, or. overcoat, or blanket from the bed, or the carpet _or ru g —any, thing 'woolen. When the fire is extin guished, remove the clothing as speedily as possible, and cover every.burned place with dry flour, the mat universally accesaible, the most instantaneous pain-arrester, and the most specially curative agent that can be employed. A moisture comes from the surface of the - injured parts, Which, mixing with the flour, makea a paste or glue im pervious to the atmosphere.' It is the oxy gen of the atinosphere which keeps up the burning after the flame,is extinguished ; so any means which excludes air arrests the -burning and deatruction. Thus it 'is that when a part is burned, the pain is instantly removed - by plunging it in cold water; where it may be kept until the flour can be pro cured. An estimable young lady of this city had her dress recently fired while passing a stove, the . door of which was open ; she died in great agony. A-few days later, the 'daughter of a Boston gentleman was stand ing near the chinmey-piece, *hen her dress took fire s and she died within a few hours. A = London paper states, that within six weeks fiym January Ist, no less than nine teen sleuths *ere recorded, from, fired. gar ments. The greatest danger is from wood fires, and candles or lamps placed on the Agricultural. The Vine Disiricts in Missouri. t 4 We give this as a matter of intelligence i respecting an imporpuit portion of our country. We do not approve of the Mak , ing' of wine, to -be fermented, and used as a To the traveler entering Missouri from SC Lords, and traversing that part of the State South of the. Missouri River, it presents it , self as one of the most beautiful States in all the West. Following :either the, railroad to Jefferson City, or that already finished to ; the Pilot Knob Mountain, one enters a pie turesipte rolling country, with wooded val- Aeys . and clear dashing streams—the rivers skirted with' immense forest trees, and the view' constantly broken With deep dells or vine.topped hills, or broad rich intervalken circled by the luxuriant forest. In a North erner's eyes, no doubt, it is the more refresh, ing after an experience of the grand mene tony of the.seenery of Illinois and Indiana. Tothear that a country is a ""country ''of vineyards," giver of itself a most 'pleaging I picture. We :"cannot dissociate ourselves from the Oriental terms of the Bible, the merriment, zthe.. cheerfulness, the song 'which accompany the gathering of the grapes ;the feasting of t fat things on the - lees, of wines' well refined; the blessing of a land of wine and oil. It wag not all imagination,-as I traveled about among the .vine districts of 'Missouri, that led:me to think I beheld more temperate gaiety . and cheerfulness than- is usually seen in our, sober ,country. At the pountry taverns, people drank moderately and socially of the ,native Vilna, where for merly they must have poured doivn whisky violently - and in the houses, common far mers met under their piazzas of an eVening for social chat end awoke, and for ,what was hardly More thin' a tasting of the snits of home-made vine: ' • ' The culture'ef the grape and the'manu facture of wine is to become one 'of the Most importantindustrial branches for Missouri' for the wholecountry, it is of greatmoment from other collateral considetations— With reference to the capacity. of the State for this branch of culture, Prof. Swal low, the State Geologist, is reported, to have said that Missouri contains more good vine land then all Prance." The business is now almost entirely in the hands of Germans, a most intelligent and thrifty class of, people, who' are deriving from it large profits. Some of the vine.land—passed over by the Amer ican Pioner for its unfruitfulness—they have bought even at 124. cents au acre;, generally they purchase it from the planters or pro. !widow; at $1 an acre: Even the improved hill-tops, with wood cleared and soil broiren, and a good Eastern exposure, and`sometimes 'With a planting on it, could be ' bonkht for $l5 an acre The German peasant comes in-with a small capital of, say $3OO or $4OO, builds his log-house' and his wine- KM=MZMMEMEii MIME buys his cattle and implements, and plantithis vineyarde—at the same time laying out some of his field for common crops. For the first three years he lives on his farm, the sale of his wood, and the like. By the fourth year, his vines make a return, and even if the year be a bad one, are certain to pay the wages of his labor. After this, his average yield is at least three h s undred gallons an acre—worth from $3OO to $375. It often reaches one thousand.gallons, or $l,OOO to $1,250 in value. ,One man can work two or three acres easily, and often much more: If he hires labor, wages' are from Os. to $1 a day, or from $l2 to $l5 a month. Provis • 10138 are very cheap, .so that the returns from this branch of culture must be among the most profitable of anyto be obtained from agricultural industry through the whole country. After innumerable experiments with vines from all vine-growing countries, the. Missouri cultivators have settled down on certain native grapes, and from these they have produced some new varieties. The favorite native grapes are the Cataw ba, leabella, and Virginia Seedling. Of new and varieties, 'there are now some fifty in Missouri. ".The wines made are much lighter than 'the (red) from the Virginia Seedling resembling Burgundy, and another (white) being much like a com- Mon Rhineewine.. • In=some portions of the South of Missouri, the culture has fairly changed the facs k 61, the countrY; covering the slaty and barren hill,tope with the beau greep of vineyards, and giving the air to a new district of old cultivation. One village alone, (Hermann,) with some twelve thousand German inhabitants, produced last year eighty thousand gallons of wine. -There are certain great advantages to . Mis soul in e, German agricultural population, which the people are more and more, appre ciatieg. :The German, *Ugh not so. good a pio neer as Americen, is in some reepects a better farmer. He is more thorough and thrifty,' ea - pet:idly has the distill gsished German peculiarity of a love of beauty,, and, perhaps., in consequence, greater'affection - for home. Yell will notice in-Missouri the German farm-house nearly always with a certain air, of taste about it,' . which you do not see about the American. Great trees are left standing near it ; flow ering.:'shrubs are planted in the yards, and vines on the piazza, and ,fiewer•beds under the windows.. It,is &Served, too, that the German does not so quickly sell, and holds by theedd.hoznesteationger—thus forming emorelettled -class at once among'the ever= moving American pioneers—and so present;', ing, a state` of Society more attractive to the. Northern emigrant But the great evalne of the German' in Missouri comes from the fact, that frpm the nature of his favorite occupation, from his habits and feom the neceisity, of the case, he is gradually and surely converting the Slave to a Free State.. Vine-growing and Slavery are utterly incompatible. The intelligence,„ the quick discrimination, the close attention, the patience, and thrift, and industry, which the successful culture of the vine demands, could never be- obtained from forced labor, and hardly -even from hired labor. The tendency of the vine-growing business, as well as of the Teutoriic habit, is to small in dependent freeholds. For the planters and large proprietors, it beconies vastly more profitable to eat up their estates into small farms, and -to sell it to Germane,' than to cultivate the whole , under their wasteful system. Besides the fact appears—whiclreventual ly is to shatter the system of Slavery in all but the Gulf States—that a German laborer, hired* $l2O a .year, is much more profit - able than a negro.man, , bought for $1,200, Where Capital is worth from ten to eighteen per cent, and with all ,the peculiar losses and accidents to which such labor is subject. From this slow, slue, inevitable influence of .free labor on force labor, Missouri is be coming gradually emancipated. The pro gress maybe slow or rapid, , but it is Certain as the progress of the ; seasons. Many diffi culties are before the peopliefor the final so lution of the questien as the dialectal of ninety thousand or one hundred -thousand slaves, and the proportion in which all shall bear the indemnities' of emancipation: Theee they must meet and solve themselves, in their own Way. But whatever course they take, it is certain that each year, yes, each month, the free Teuton laborer is driving out df the State or bringing over to his own cause, the American slave owner. He does itunconsciously. He works often 41 better than he knows"--bat he is none the less accomplishing the great objeet In the dis tant futtire we believe that Missouri the land of ,the vine, the, storehonse of mineral 'wealth,: the country of beautiful hill and dale, skirting the, two mightiest rivers of this' Northern Continent, with almost every rich production which man desires, will he come the leading Free State of the Western Union—a glorious model >of the enriching effects of Industry and Freedom.—Ur. Y .Times:. - ' - .srientifir. Bank Note .Enkraift`g. Tbe prevention of forgery t in bank notes atia'similar paper is chiefly due to.the costly style of their eatecntion.'. If the very best artists are employed in drawing the designs and the best' ngravers in executing them, forgery becomes not, only difficult but un profitable—a ,bank note plate at the cost of one lhonsaad dollars is much leas likely to be imitated than' one that costs one him dred. ' ' ' The prigent style of bank note engraving originated in, the discovery of the method of engraving on steel, which gives;' to the productions of this `art' _ a'' durability never before knOwn: By means of this, method the works of the artist may, be reproduced , and multiplied indefinitely. A steel plate, properly prepared is engraved or etched it the usual way. A cylinder of very soft steel; of from two' to three inches in diam ',ter, is made to roll forwards and backwards on the surface of the steel plate, which, in the Meantime, has been hardened; Until the impression of the engraving is seen ' upon' the tylinder in alto relieio. • The 'cylinder is then Eardened, and is rolled, i, the same manner, upon the surface of a copper.or soft - steel plate; " the result is a perfect copy of the original, plate. This - style of engraving is very economical where 'a great ;or an indefinite number' of impressions are to be used—more than half a million of "impressions have been printed from a w,ell.hardened steel plate, while a copper plate is deteriorated by , printing six thousand impressions: :.A hardened steel plate will, in' fact, print more proof impres sions than six , copper plates will give com mon impressions. At the vary lowest esti , mate, the relative, values of the two kinds of engraving are as one to four, apart from the aoinsideration'that Of the copper plate im pressions, many are imperfect On the other hand, 'it must he remembered that, this method Of engraving is only employed where number of impressions is required suiff °lent to wear out three copper plates; a less number would not warrant the cost of mak ing a steel plate—and hence the fact that much the largest proportion of the pleJ43 now in use must be of copper.—North American. isttliarttotts. Condition of the Thames. The English papers, have, for weeks, abounded in statements of the terrible condi tion of the river Thames. The amount of water which passes its channel is but small, compared with what flows in our rivers; and when, in a dry and hot season, all . the sew erage of London, with its two to three mil lions of inhabitants, 'flows into it, and by want of current,' is kept there, we may try to immagine the pestiferous effluvia which must be exhaled. In his quarterly report" on the health of the City of London, presented to the ,City Commissioners of Sewers, Dr. Letheby gives the following explanation of the extraordi nary state of the river : " The high temperature of the last month, together with the continued absence of rain, has caused the Thames to assume an appear ance and