PRESBYTERIAN BANNER & ADVOCATE.
Prophytorlaa Baxamor. Vol. VI9 111%
proollytorlas Advomits9 Oaf. XL, 23. I
'AVID McKINNEY, EMT and Proprietor.
7'2 MMS.-IN ADVANCE.
Original logetrß..
Proverbs kilt: 24.
la God's own Word we thus do read,
Who "spares the rod, doth hate the son."
But few this warning ever heed,
And let their child to ruin run.
Ah ! the improvement, in our day,
Is, spare the rod, and spoil the child ;
Well, let your son have his own way I
And your reproofs be always mild.
Yon practice then, as Ell did,
He mildly did his sons reprove;
He never, sternly, them forbid,
They onward in their way did move
Their sins they could not hide from God,
Nor did his vengeance long delay;
They both did fall beneath hie rod—
Hophni, and Phinehas, in one day.
How many to the gallows go,
. Who in, their youth, thug wayward were;
Their way they ohne, pursued it too,
And neither God nor man did fear.
Small trees will bend, so children bend,
But who can bend the stubborn oak ?
Those parents are their child's best friend,
Who teach it how to wear Christ's yoke.
It's good, smith God, that man should bear
My yoke, while he is in his youth ;
That he his God and parents fear,
And read and love my word of truth,
Pour out thy Spirit, Lord, we pray,
Upon our youth, throughout our land;
Then saints, will praise thee in that day,
When thousands in thy kingdom stand.
Oakland, Pa., Feb. 12th, 1858
for the Presbyterian Banner and Advocate.
Letter from Northern. India.
[Rev. R. Elliott Williams, missionary,
writes to Dr. Elliott, of the Seminary.]
FORT OF AGRA, Jan. 1, 1858.
MY DEAD, FRIEND :—Your kind letter of
the 20th September, I received by the over
land mail of the Bth ult. I cannot describe
to you how refreshing and encouraging it
was, in the midst of the warlike eights and
sounds by which I am surrounded, and have
been surrounded for the last eight months,
to receive so touching a memorial of home,
so satisfactory an assurance that I am not
forgotten by those distant friends who are
often in my thoughts. Especially is it
pleasant and assuring to know, that am
remembered in their prayers. •In the trying
and even terrible scenes through which we
have passed since these troubles came upon
us, we have all often thought of this with
comfort; that our calamities were so con
nected with " the cause of Christ," as to
call forth the sympathy and intercession,
not only of our kindred and acquaintance at
home, but of the friends of the RedeeMer
everywhere. When looking death in the
face, and hearing of the death of our beloved
fellow-laborers under the most appalling eir
onmetances, there was true and solid consola
tion in the remembrance of that great Commu
nion, which animates and binds together all
the members of his Body.
Your letter of the 20th of. March, was re
ceived one evening when I was doing duty
as a sentinel. It was a time of great anx
iety, as besides the danger from without,
there were then two Sepoy regiments in
Agra, who were believed, with good reason;
to be mutinous; in fact, to_ be only waiting
for a signal, to do what the native troops at
so many other stations had already done—
proclaim the English government at an end,
seize the treasury, massacre all Christians
and burn their houses, and take or destroy
their other property. Nearly the whole
district of Agra, was in revolt; law bad
ceased to reign; the cultivators bad taken
advantage of the withdrawal of military
pressure, to settle, or revenge their ancient
feuds by an appeal to arms; and almost ev
ery night, in whatever direction we looked
out, we saw the sky lurid with the flame of
burning villages. The booming of distant
cannon '
heard at intervals, told' us plainly
enough that the fires were not.accidental,
that we were in the midst of an. insurrec
tion.
Within the city and the immediately adja
cent villages—embracing a population of
one hundred and thirty-five thousand—com
parative order was still preserved; but it
seemed to us most precarious. I think I
should have felt quite as safe on a plank, in
the middle of the Indian ocean; as I then.
felt on this small spot of terra firma, almost
the only ground between Meerut on the
North, and Allahabad on the South, where
English law could be enforced. How little
reason we had tolope for a continuance of
quiet, or for ultimate escape, will appear
from the mention of two or three facts. The
two Sepoy regiments I mentioned ,before,
about eighteen hundred strong, had already
ceased to obey their officers, with any regu
larity; in token of their state of mind, they
had burned their barracks, and those of
them on guard at the Government House,
and the Treasury, did not fear, by words and
gestures, to insult Eurlpeaus as they passed
thew. The policemen of the city evidently
sympathized with the native soldiers, and
were ready to join them in whatever they
undertook. We saw clearly too, that a large
proportion of this great Mohammedan, city
rejoiced in the calamity which had befallen
the English power, and were impatiently
waiting for the hour when they could, with
impunity, at once gratify their hatred of the
foreigner, and obey the precepts of their
Prophet. Then the multitudinous mob—
" the dangerous classes" of the city, em
bracing both Hindoes and Musaulmane—
people who live by crime even in quiet
times, were on the alert, and in hopeful an
ticipation of the speedy reign of anarchy and
slaughter. In the Civil Lines, that is, in the
midst of the bungalows occupied by the civ
ilians and clerks in the service of the Gov
ernment, stood the great central Jail of the
North-Western Provinces, and in it were, at
that time, congregated about four thousand
five hundred prisoners; most of them such
wretches as only a heathen land can produce;
miscreants, in comparison with whom the
worst convicts in the Western Penitentiary
are decent men, or "good sort of people.. '
This Jail was gnarded,hy Sepoys, and one
of the first steps, of the mutineers , slip
was, to open the prisons, and release, and arm
the convicts.
These were some of our, dangers. Our
human means of protection, may be men
tioned in a few Words. Our European force
consisted of one regiment of Infantry, num
bering about seven hundred and fifty men,
of whom about six hundred were fit for duty,
and one light field-battery ; not a troop of
horse-artillery, as is stated in the Record,
in a letter from Agra. A troop of horse
artillery would have been a much more po
tent and effective arm of defence. To this
force must be added about four hundred. or
four hundred and fifty men and boys, the
male Christian population of the station,
able to bear arms, but never trained'to the
use of them. I must; not, forget the Fort, to
which, as a refuge at last, under God, we
owe our lives. At the time -of which I
speak, this strong-hold was garrisoned by
Sepoys. When the outbreak at Meerut oc
curred, a mild attempt was made by the
Brigadier in command here, to remove the
Sepoy garrison, and to substitute Europeans;
but the Sepoys protested that they were
gi true to their salt"—that they would be
disgraced by a removal ; and threatened ;to
kill themselves, if they .were deprived, of
their honorable post on mere suspicion. And
so the . Brigadier yielded, and let there ye
main in the Fort, with all the ammunition,
cannon, mortars, &c., at their command.
Daring this time, the intelligence we re
oeived from other stations, and from the
country generally, through, native sources,
was at , once vague and alarming. So much
was clear—that the country, for hundreds
of miles around us, was up, and that, while
the land-holders and villagers were at war
with one another, they were nearly all hostile
to us. From time to time, some poor Chris
tian fugitive, or small band of fugitives,
succeeded in making their way hither, to to
a place of safety. Now, it was a native
Christian, who had witnessed the conflagra
tion of the Mission premises to whick be-had
been attached, the murder of his pastor and
family, and of his own wife and children;
and who had himself escaped, only by as
suming the disguise of a Hindoo mendicant,
or Mohammedan pilgrim: Now, it was. an
East Indian boy, from some isolated collo°.
Orate in the , country, or tolhouse on the
Grand Trunk Road, dressed like a native,
or with no dress at all, who came to say that
-a mob of villagers, or company of native
soldiers on their way to Delhi, had burned the
collectorate, and put to death his father, moth
er brothers and sisters, and that he alone
had escaped. Now, it was a wounded Eng
lish officer, nearly dead from loss of blood
and exposure to the sun, but whose pitiable
condition-was not sufficient to move the ten
der mercies• of the heathen. He had thrown
off his European clothes, put on ,a few rags
of native dress, and blackened his skin and .
in this way had been saved. He told how
the regiments, of which he had lately been
so proud, . and, which , he had been so unwil
ling to 'distrust, had mutiniedz—had shot
their officers, and had massacred all the-
Christians of the station which they had
been paid to protect. Now, it was a com
pany of ladies—some of them highly edu
cated, and always accustomed to ease and
luxury—whose husbands had been shot or
bayoneted before their eyes and who, with
little clothing, had performed a journey of
many days, through by-ways and jungle, ex
posed to the Indian sun. of, June, and pro
tected from the violence, though not from
the insults of the rabble, by a few Sepoys
more humane that their fellows. Now, it
was a Hindoo Faquir, or• a holy beggar,
with a little European child, an infant, inhis
arms, which he had picked up somewhere,
,and through a freak of kindness or hope of
merit, bad saved; probably the only sur
vivor of what had been a happy family a
few days before.
To return to ourselves. The English ofli
()era of our native regiments still continued
to hope that their men would remain staunch,
until an incident occurred which made it
Josepu KiiL
impossible any longer to trust them. A de
tachment, consisting of men from each of
these regiments, was stationed at Multra, a
large Elindoo city, thirty-five miles from
here, as a guard over the Treasury there.
An order was sent out for the removal of the
treasure to Agra.- When this order was
made known to the Sepoys, they :proceeded
as directed, to place the ; money on camels Tor .
transfer; but no sooner had this been done,
'than they discharged their muskets at - the
officers, killing one or two, and then pH
laged and burned the station. Directly,
they marched off for' Delhi with 'the treas
ure. Word of this was brought .to Agra
about two o'clock on Sunday morning, .by a
loyal native officer, who informed the Brig 4
adier in command, that our regiments in.
tended to mutiny on that. day. Their plan '
was, to surround the three places of Chris
tian worship, where most of the Europeans
of the station, including the soldiers, would
be assembled; and after. overpowering and
killing all, to proclaim the Bing of Delhi,
and occupy the city and Fort for him. No:
time was to be lost in disarming, or attempt.
ing to disarm them—a most hazardous un
dertaking with our small European force.
Accordingly, all Europeans and East Indians
-not soldiers—were quietly warned to as
semble in three or four houses with strong,
walls, which were furnished , with muskets
and swords,-and slightly fortified with em
bankments and sandbags, and which, for
some time,: had, been appointed; as places of
rendezvous,, in case of alarm. The Sepoy
regiments, were, ordered to, meet for parade,
on the usual 'ground, at morning gun-fire.
In the meantime, masked cannons were
planted so as to command the ground. The
native regiments, expecting nothing.unusual,
came to the place, were drawn up in the
customary order, with the European regi
ment and fieldhatery in their, front, as if
for a general parade. The Brigadier then
told them how reluctant he had been to
think them false, but that he had heard of
their intentions, and the conduct of their
comrades at Maitre, on the day before,
made it impossible for him to confide in
them longer. He, then commanded 'them
to lay down their arms. They heaitated for
a moment; but the sight of the guns, and
the Europeans prepared to enforce obedi
ence, had its effect.. They obeyed. As I
stated before, the Fort .was garrisoned, and
the Jail guarded, by Sepoys. It was neces
sary to disarm these men simultaneously
with those in the cantonments. For this
purpose, two small forces had been detaehed
from the European regiment. ThePort
garrison, being distributed in ,plaall guard
..
"ONE THING IS NEEDFUL:" "ONE THING HAVE I DESIRED OF THE LORD:" "THIS . ONE THING I DO."
PUBLICATION E r NA: I I I , , :Cr poit I: 1, : :Tr : ,
FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, APRIL 3 1 1855.
parties at the different gates and magazines,
the company appointed to disarm them, ef
fected their object by passing rapidly rom
point to point, so that no time was allowed
for concert among the Sepo) - s. It was ef
fected without bloodshed. But the jail
guard, consisting of about two hundred men,
were together. When the few Europeans,
about,fifty,. bad been drawn up in front of
them, and, they were ordered to lay down
their arms, they flatly refused. The officer
of the Europeans began to remonetrate,
, when they broke their ranks and ram• off in
small, bodies, with their muskets. They
made for their lines, in cantonments, in fg
norance that their comrades there had al
ready been disarthed. As they ran throngh
the Civil Lines, they cried out that the Eng
lish government was down, and called on
the. servants whom they met, to fire the
bungalows. Any, mischievous. effect from
this call, was prevented by Mr. tirummeod,
the Magistrate of the city, who was follow
ing'the felloivs closely with a few mounted
men. When _they reached their lines, and
saw . ; their comrades unarmed, they quietly
gave epfilei.tekuslietc. Titus, to our mat
relief, we were delivered from. our pro.
Wawa.
The disarmed soldiers were much enraged,
of. course. The . regiments broke up into
companies, some of which , immediately set
off for Delhi, while others went into the na:
tive towns and the neighboring villages,
seeming, undecided whether they should fol.
low their comisdes, or make an attempt
here, , with such weapons as they could pro
cure. Gradually, in the course of . a day or
two, they all disappeared. As ,may be sup
posed, the temper of the people had not
beenimproved or quieted by what had taken
place: On the contrary, it became: more and
more :evident that they intended to rise;
the excitement among them was intense,
though suppressed. I can compare their
sullen tumult to nothing so fitly, as the
surging and seething of the troubled sea.
Our , European force via now' rendered
less, effective by being divided, one hundred
men hapng been placed in charge , Of the
Fort, and another hundred in, charge of the
, .
Jail. Fa' of the Christian population ven
tured any longer to sleep in their owri houses.
The Lieut. Governor, Mr-Colvin, with great
fortitude, perhaps wisely, determined ,to
holdthe ot a tion as long as possible. te
therefore refused to admit people into
the Fort, as he knew that whenever we
should leave our houses, the city would rise.
We spent the nights in the fortified houses
mentioned already, taking turns of duty, as
sentinels. Our hope was, that should a
rising occur we could hold out in these places
until the regiment could come to our relief,
and esoort us to our stronghold, the. -Fort.
This:otate of • painful insecurity continued' for'
several, weeks. Fires, the work of incendi
aries, were almost daily occurrences within
the station, and hardly a night passed with
out an alarm, now that the prisoners were
breaking the jail, and now that a ban& of
insurgents had entered the lay.
The, reports received, from our,little army
before Delhi, soon ,destroyed all hope of the
speedy fall of that city. Indeedit was clear
enorigh that the besiegers were ' besieged;
that they-were compelled to act altogether
on the defensive; that we might, any hour,
-hear that theyhad been driven away, per
hapo overwhehned by the great rebel host
arrayed against them. the mutineers Who
had possession of the city, with its immense
magazines of ammunition and ordnance,
were aided by the people of Delhi, ; _ chiefly
Mussilmano, and besides were frequently
strengthened by the accession of fresh regi
ments. They made almost daily sorties
against the English force, who were suffer
ing fearfully from sickness and- sunstroke.
The prospectof relief for us from,the. South,
was not bright. . Vague rumors of the mas
sacres at Cawnpore, at Fumickahad, at Luck
now, at Allahabad, reached us from time to
time ; enough to oliciw that nearly the whole
valley of the Ganges was in revolt, and .to
render it .probable that when, troops should
have arrived from England, they would have
to.fight their way from Calcutta to Agra. ;
About middle of Jane, ruined became
current that a rebel army was advancing on
Agra, from the direction of Indore, in Cen
tral India. These reports we, did not fully:
.
believe, .as we thought they had originated
in the movement of mutinous regiments from
thit '4:itiarter, telard` Delhi. The rumors
grew, hoivover, more rife, and by degreei
assumed a more definite form. On the let of
July; there was no doubt that the Neemuch
and D,ltesseerabad brigades, consisting of in.-
fantiy, cavalry, and one of the two best
trained artillery companies in the Bengal
army, had been joined by the troops of the
Nawab of Thou, and were then within a
few marches ,of this ; place ; the whole force
under the command of a !Undo° General,
named Heera Singh . . How we then came
inbAlle Fort; how our small European force
went out tOmeet the foe, which outnumbered
them by .thowainds ; a how their tumbrils of
I ammunition were blown up by the enemy's
1 shells.;, how they were compelled to .retreat
I to the Fort, leaving some of their dead and
wounded on the field; how the Mohammedans
of the city raised the green flag, the emblem
of holy warfare.; and what a bonfire they and
the rabble-made of our houses and goods ;
all this has been told vividly enough by Mr.
Fullerton in a letter published in the Pro'.
byterian. Many, 'about thirty Europeans
and East Indians, who imprudently remained
out of the Fort until the battle began, were
murdered. Among these was Professor Hub
bard of the Government College, whose
acquaintance I valued greatly:He , had
gone to his own house in the morning, 'Where
he stayed till he heard the firing; he :then
started for the. Fort, but in;passing through
the, city was shot by a company of policemen.
' Mr. H. was educated at Caine College, in
the University of Cambridge—a very able
man, and, besides, generous and true. His
brother, a missionary of the Society for the
propagation of the Gospel, had fallen in the
massacre at Delhi, on the 11th of May, and
another brother, also a missionary, has since
died at lienares broken-hearted, it is said.
•`.. We were now in the Fort, and behind its'
, cannon we knew that we should be safe for a
• w hile ; but we had really little reason to con
gratulate ourselveoimour position or prospects;
' little reason to hope for more than a reepite,
a short postponement of our doom. As to
our position. Unless you had felt the cli
mate of India in the month. of July, and
knew cthe applianges which,. are thought
necessary to • Ander it tolerable, I . should
despair of giving you such a descriptipn is
would enable you to form an idea of our
condition in the confined quarters to which
we had been driven. With reference to our
prospects, great mortalityifiorn common die.
wiles seemed inevitable;` and those of us
who had spent the hest hot season here, had
recollections of a visitation ,of the Indian
,plague, cholera, which did not tend to bright
en our hispes. In four iresks, it had carried
off sixteen thousand souk ' And then in
anticipation of a siege, it had not much
confidence in the strength of our place of
refuge. -This fortress, within which I am
now writing, was built nearlyibreebundred
years ago; by'the Emperor'Akhar, with little
knowledge of 'or regard'for' thisiirineiples of
European fortification. It hishFonly hy the.; ,,
garrison, which oceripiedaitA4the&h. P'
July, Vauban or Todtkben with
,five thou--
sand French or Rtissiani 'would' have r taken
it in a morning. The upiiiihtivalls of sand:
stone, very massive certainly and formidable
enough to look •at, would cerunble„eway to a .
breach, in almost any part ; before a Awo
hours' heavy cannonade.. When is 1808, it
was gatrisoned by ten thousand ; Mahrattas,,
and was belieged by'Lord Lake at the head ,
of his =English and Sepoy army; the impres,
seen made on, one of thehastieng, by three
or four pennon balls, prnmpted the garrison
to sir - render at discretion. And even on the
~,
supposition that - our enemyhad not a batter
ing train, 'we could not 7feel Emmet), The
smallness of our force, andthe great eireum
fereneato be•defenden,,(*e miles or more,)
rendered it no very diffi cul t or daring ex
ploit fora determined ' ad numerous body
of assailants to take it - y essialisde. The
force 'which had driven in our , garrison on '
the sth of July, had not hntered the city, ;
acting
had,
orders fromihe Sing of Delhi,
they had proeeeded , toward . khat place on the
next day. Within serritir ' miles of"us,
however; to the South, was a body'of mutin
ous troops, numbering I eleven thousand,
thoroughly disciplined and , furnished with
all the appliances of modm warfare, includ
ing a battering train and liege tools. " This
was the Gleaner Coritizigiatt; 'troops levied
and officered by the East India Company,
and paid by the Maharajah of Gwalior for
the maintenance of mien in! his - dominions.
They had mutinied two weeks before, and
the few officers and ladiei whO had escaped
from their murderous whims were im'ong
the refugees in the Forit' We knew that
these men had intended , toroome here-at the
time they mutinied, and...had
_delayed their
march only on account, of some difficulty
,
among themselves about the division of their
spoils. But this difficulty had been' settled,
and we fully expected that 4hey would now
execute their purpose; oessupy. Agra, and lay
siege to our fortress. That they did not
come, we owe to the interposition . of. Soiii
diah,the Maharajah of G wailer. 'His high
ness is hippy in being served by a most en- . ;
lightened Irake:et, or Seeretary,,of State, a,
Hindoo. This man, from his knowledge of
Indian history, wee aware,that,themuccesp of
the King of Delhi the re-e stablishment
,
of n Mohammedan dynasty, would not be a
faiorable event for "the Hindoos generally ; ,
and the Hindoo Princes in particular. -Be
sides his knowledge of English history, char
aoter, and resources made it clear to him
that even should the rebels ultimately suc
ceed in throwing off the foreign yoke, in the
meantime a terrible, vengeance would on
the chiefs of the revolution. These views
induced the Maharajah to delay taking any
step hostile IC the English, either in , aid of
the Great Mogul or in assertion of his own
independence. With his own small and
comparatively illesppointed army, however,
he, did not feel stile to cope with the strong
and disciplined bi4alions of the Contingent;'
_or
or Company's troops. He, therefore used
artifice ; he took the Contingent into his 'own
perional service and told them that, as Agra
had formerly belonged to Gwalior, it must
belong to Gwalior again • he would, in dife
time, after the Diem festival, which occurs -
in the second week 'of 'October; beail them
himself in an expedition against Agra. Still
very many of them soon began to suspect
that he was not acting toward them in good
faith; his own.troops too began to show a
mutinous, spirit, and, for a time, there was
danger that the Maharajah would be com:
polled either to flee for eafety from his own
capital, or head the rebels' in an immediate
Attack on our garrison. This state of ; things
in Gyvalior was at once a aourceof,incessant
anxiety tows, and in encouragement to, the
disaffected and dangerous population around
to, who were bat little overawed by our few
troops. But thanks be to_ God, we were not
besieged. The , guns of the Fort gaye ns a
certain control over , the eity,,and we were
able to procure the needful supplies of fresh
provisions, so as to spare the garrison attires.
There was a good deal of sickness and mor
tality, but much less than the most ,hopeful
had, dreaded, as almost certain to reetritfrotir
the confinement, privations, and, anxiety of
our situation. Our cirCumetances,"ditismal '
as they seemed (and Mark Tapley 'hiiiiielf,
would have claimed some Credit for jollity
had he been here,) were not admitted to be
desperate or utterly forlorn, by more than a
few. Two or three antiqUe majors and two
or three billions civilians, darkly intimating
that just one hundred years had passed away ,
since the battle of Plessey, did not hesitate to
say that all was :over; the British rule in In
dia at an end; and that , as to the Agra gar.'
rison, it was merely a question Of time,
whether the Cawnpore tragedy should be
enacted here in August, September, or • 00.-,
tober. These gentlemen were rewarded fox;
their frankness and candor, with, the title of
Croakers, and at once became the most nu:
popular men in the Fort: Nothing could
have been more admirable than the conduct
of most of the officers, civil and military;
nothing more perfect than their exemplifies',
don of awns aqua in arduia. Their en
ergy, cheerfulness, foititude, and quiet con
fidence in their countrymen at home, to
whom we all looked for rescue, were assur
ing in a high. degree, well adapted to inspire
the timid and desponding with courage and
hope.
The power of religion to sustain its pos.
lessor in' dangers and trials, was beautifully
illustrated in many. How often have I
heard the remark made, with the happy con
fidence which could proceed only from con
viction, " God who by his wonderful provi
dence planted his Church in this land, will
not suffer it to be destroyed; he will not
leave unheeded the prayers and , ascribes of
his people." And as I have aeon delicately
nurtured and feeble women, twine up, into,
cheerfulness by the power of a living faith;
- under' present liardship and prospective
horrors, Ilave remembered , what Minneins
Felix says of "the inviral patience of the
martyrs? whom he had seen. suffer. I could
not doubt that the same gracious.influenees
which in other times and countries, had
enabled the young, and =thee aged, and the
infirm to witness a good confession were hire
as'a present help.
, But , iny-letter is lemming ;unreasonably .
long ; I , have written much more than I in
tended, and more, I fear, than you willeare,
to read. - I-must beaten to a close: ' July
passed awey,_ and k Ang . ust, And Delhi still
remained in the precision of the, mutineers.' ,
We heard of Havelock's wonderful march
from 'Allahainidl` his brilliant suocessee at
Frittehpore,,and hiiireeeenpatien ,Cesin- ,
pm. I .W;enow , began;to entertain lopes of
speedy relief from that eilattentepee which
were soon cleated. When we were every
hour expeoting to tear, that IlaVelock had
succeeded in , reliecring the garrison at Luek
now, which had been in a state of siege
since the middle of Juilei word was brought,
.us,,that he , had heen .compelled 3 to fall back
Citiaporimith, heavy, loss, and that all,
the re.inforcenicnta, •troops froin,Ceykin.ind
Mauritius, whiekwere aiming up.the Minn
try, had been stopped =at Dinapora on the
lowerGanges to arrest, rebellion there. In
course- Of - tithe, honever, we learned that
some more neldiertlied arrived at Cawnpore; ,
that Gen. - 11avele4 had 'again marched to
the relief of Lueknow, and that.after a ter
rible battle, he -haiLsnoceeded in reaching
the, nearly starved and eiheusted, garrison.
But our rejoicing was soon cut short by, the
inforMation that he had been able to effect
, nothing more than_ strengthen `the garrison
by adding his own ireops to tbeirs, and that
they were all hard , pressed by.the rebels, and
- iii'coMpletely hemmed in, that :cominunica
doe With CaWrlPOrfi. was;,cut ,off. Lucknow
was still to be eelieved,.and no troops for the
service. At this, time the clouds began to
gather around Agra darker than ever. A
large body of mutineers from Indere, with
heavy guns, took-up a position at Dholepore,
thirty miles from here, ,an the : Gleaner road.
They had come through Gwalior, and , were
understood to belle advanced guard of , the
Contingent, who were waiting for the Desem
festival to initiate their march on this place.
But, true to the proverb, " the darkest
hour iethe , one that precedes the dawn,"
cheering intelligence now began to come
almost daily, from Delhi. Incurring great
.
risk, Sir John Lawrence, the Chief Com
missioner of - the 'Punjaub, had almost de
nuded his:territory. of European troops,
raised new, regiments of Sikhs, and had '
even brought auxiliaries from Cashmere,
and had pushed them all on, to reinforce the:,
army 'before Delhi. On' the 20iii ef 'Sep
tembervthe city was stormed, ';and 'the mu
tineers expelled. A great body of them
came down the Jumna, enthe Agra side, a
part of whom joined the mutineers at
Dholepore: We now learned, through spies,
that they intended to'attack' Agra; without
waiting for the contingent, who were still
lingering : at. : . Gwalior. 'Uppity, by this
time, a strong force of Europeans and
.Sikhs,, from Delhi; under Col. Greathed,
were moving 'down the country toward
Cawnpore, to aid in the relief of Lucknow.
On the morning of the 9th of October,
word was brought that the Dholepore muti
neers had come within, ten miles of us.
This filet was made known to CoL Greathed,
who wiedistant thirty miles on the other
side of the river. By a forced night-march,
he arrived'here on the morning of the 10th,
joist in time to meet our enemy as they were
entering the station. ,They ; were completely
routed, with the loss of all their guns, and
camp. Since that day we have felt compar
atively safe here; but as our troops have
not yet been strongly reinforced, it is
thogght,betterto, remain in
,the Fort, even
if , we had houses to occupy outside.
In regard to the state of the country gen-
,
erally, ICM say only a word. The neck of '
the rebellion seems to be broken, and we
lope that order 'will be everywhere estab
lished during this year, 1858. But much
still remains to be, • accomplished.' The'
whole of the recently annexed Kingdom of
Onde, except one spot near Lucia:low, occu
pied by Sir James =Outran, With four thou- -
sand nien,li held : by the rebels. The whole
of .Furrockabati, the , : whole ,of liohileund,
and the whole of Suudelcitrid t are still in
their possession.`` The immense' tract of
country' lying between this and Indere, is
in a very disturbed state. On' the other
hand, .many regiments have arrived from
England, and Sir Colin Campbell, the new
Commander-in-Chief, has gained great, sue
cess Wherever he - has encountered the in
sargents in large numberi. - About the Ist '
of Deiember, the 'Gwalior Contingent (eo
long;dreadedly us,) having ,been joined by
other troops, en as to form an arniyof, eighteen
thousind`men - attacked Ciwnpore. Own
pore was held, two thousand English
soldiers under Gen: Windham of Redan,
• fame, and the Commander-in-Chief was at
Luoknow. WimPiam was defeated," and
driven into his entrenched camp, and was
so hard pressed, that:* second massacre was
prevented only by a rapid mare his re
lief, by the Commander-in-Chief. ' Sir Colin
Campbell was thus compelled to abandon
Lucknow to the enemy; but, leaving Sir
James 011traM ,with the force 1 mentioned
before, at Alum BO,: between . Litoknow
and Cawnpore, came to the help of Wind
'ham, bringing the women and children of
the rescued , garrison with him. With great
difficulty he got across the river, And after
making arreosenients for their . safety, he
attacked "the ineirgents, who •haa held the
city of Cawripore eight days. They` were'.
utterly 'mashed, and lost about forty-pieces
of .ordnance. A native, letter-writer in the
service et, the.,
.Maharajah of Gwalior, giv
ing an account of the battle, says, 1 4 the ,
English fought as none but - Beduin and,
&feudist ever fought before."- may
Mention one characteristic incident, which
does not rest on _native . authority.. The
Grenadier regiment of the. Gwalior Con:
tingent consisted of picked 'Melt and had
been often told' by their officers that - they
were equal to a European regiment. These
men, to sustain their reputation , ; undertook
to capture one of the English fi eld-batteries,
They charged upon it, and every man of the
regiment, eight hundred strong, was killed I,
I mention the incident as pharacterietio of
this terrible war, in which quarter is neither'
given nor taken. And who that knows
anything of the .conduct 9f these military
savages, when they had, it in their, power to
do as , they please, and to gratify with. imp
pushy thebt brutal his& ets, 'blame
=I
these Englishmen, or wonder thatlbey fight
well this war With all its faults and
shortcomings the English government of
this country has been a just and humane
government; and the iniurgents themselves
do allege oppreision or patriotism as the
motives ;which promptetT them in attempting
to, overthrow it. But r have not space to
enter on this Subject.'
In regsrfll4 the effect of the insurrection
on the missionary Work,, it is too soon to
form an opinion. My imileciien at present
is,. that it will bi Mohiainnedau
pride-` and - insolence Will be:broken, and
Hinder) caste henceforth treated
With leas: mistiest, perhapi in a 'good' :degree:
ignored, by the' etratere of the government.
Hitherto they. have been encouNed. , r 0
I'am not give• you any additional,
information touching the fete of the 'Futteli
guilt Missionaries:; We know that they were
put to , death 'either in BithOor, orCawnpore,
and that is all we know.. I never Saw either
Johnson or MactMullen, but the. Freemins
and :Caropbells I knew: very Well. r Mr'.
Freeman was moat useful man, a:-zealous
missionary,, and a kind and steadfast friend:
,was -very practical in Ida habits and
views, and Was able to prep.& in-Urda
Hindee :with':`greats fluency, .and fervor.'
Mrs.. Freeman wee , one. of.the loveliest char
acters I ever knew.; gentle,: eifergetio; and
wise; so strong.ine faith that•she- could look
with serenity on.the ,worst tronbles of life,
and, t deutt not; on, Aisthilielf. Indeed
her, last letter showsat death } ' had
no er
inni- for her'. I can hardly' trust 'myself to
speak of Mr. - and. Mrs. - Carapbell. You
knoi,elat intimate friends O. and I need to
be, and we fre4tiently exchanged lettqrs
after coming te. this country.' I saw him
hist in Agra, on his return from the Hills,
in November, 1856. He seemed much
Changed. SinCe I had first knoiii tin, I
had always thought him radically; earnest
man, animated 12Y:real lovO for the, • BeVionr,
truly devoted to, the .intereste of , his
kingdoxii, and the good of mankind;'but
none of ae who had - knolin lire in former
days, were prepared to see, such evidence of
growth in the Divine life; as were manifest
in him. No one who now tie* hint, and
heard him talk and pray, could' doubt •that
he was a devout man, with a•single,aliject
in life—to hOnor.Ockl and do good. to his
felloir men. He and Mrs. (L were much '
beloved and honored by.their ;.colleagues; at
Futtehgurh. Their oldest ohild—Davidson
—who was in, feeblehealth, they had left at
Landow, in the Hili t s , underthe care of the
AeT.; Mr- Jay, c haplain there, a *lnd'
friend of, eamphell'e., This child is. still
alive, but too young to know his lose. All
the rest. of the . . fandlYfathei, motheri
,brother, and sister-were together,: and,
and,-49ubt 07 0) are now. ti;fiethCX,.! in ,
heaven. . • -
-T anis 4.8 slyayst afrochonatelY Yours,
WILLIAms
,
Front our London Correspondoni.
Lord Derby Instalk-=.l4mannAling of, the Cole,
•
ions-Change of Plaeu The &mein the lbws
of Leide--Thel Prityramtne
,Goiefy and' the 'Orie
plot "—State of PoraPs--Rf.W.elang learels 63 l7
Politice—Hengetenberes'Antreke on the /hanged
teal APiance.- 7 -Adrne_ Review of jit Noble Tia
gfolonY Truth=o*Man Revival and s nich-
Churehient:L{lirtieit' Semi inistot' i and its lie
mate—The "seaktv meth Con::
•
caption and. Radek Pl'ertseo-L.Preebyterian inn :at
iffziks—Turklit and; asriloo.olM7P7, Dwight
Londr:The ahrih al igo4tOY and
American TEpito4h .
Amur
eani i n Fsi r k t ; '; -•• : • '
LONiON, P!ebruail 5th,1.8_58.
The POLITICAL CRISIS is over, and- Latd
Derby and his Cabinet' Polar,
Intense **66 interest` and•expechition.
associated with the-announcement that ' "the.
new Premier would 'deelaie his phlicy:6n,
Monday last I at- WeCtMilisief in,
time to 'look in upon the Raise of '
. Cora-:
mona, which always meets an. bow' earlier
than the' tipper' 'House. It was both cu
rious and amusing to see thetranepoiition,
of parties;' the recent Opp6iition now on
the 'Treasury Bench, with their ConserVatiVe
Wapporters behind` them, and `the recent
Ministers' now on' the :"shady Bide" Of 'the
Speaker's chair, yet with a muster of
beakers stronger'by far than theit salmi/gig
opponents. And then—While Disraeli, and
other notabilities, were away in the country'
to ag after their ie-eleciticmi (for eines
always involves resignation of membership
irk the Cominimili and fresh appeal. to the
copstitnenoies,)-rit was immething new to
hear the Speaker call npdn Sir 'Wm. Joliffe,
the new Secretary tothe Treasury, a She
. 16oklig • man, iiho 'succeeeively, moved for
new writs for vacant counties `or ` tiorongbs;
"in room of the Bight Honorable Benjamin -
Disraeli," &I:, •
But the Commons was not the Beane of I
interest tonight, and to the,ea-C Peers' 'Henn
1 bo
th., adjoritz Common pres s ed ettgerh-
low the bar; to the iiidleritai,a l . l 4 - 0, 1 , 1 the Pa*
of the eldest "Pears;tPittir'Oeitiiiir
lon, and - others,)-to - the space in front 'of
the throne.. Conducted by a trusty friend,
who rules the shgthand writing department,
of the - terds ongthe, olbl
es, me a
crow oepersone, among Whom I recognized
Lord Clarendon pale and anxiona-looking t ,
and Napier, the • new Chilean& of,
As I ascended the staircase to the gag
lery, I found, when at the top, ,that, eye*
mat. was occupied, ancri4c7Were standing:
Among the latter I ttickray : place, eat
glanced down and around. — Never'did I gee
the peere'so numerous in their muster;' nor
peeresses `so plentiful in the aide-galleriat'
There too, sits • that fine old Puritan-1110c
grey-haired, gentle, and Much-liked Ambari:
sailor-of the United States, Mr. WIN!, With'
the ladies of his fa,mily around him. Sit
F. Thesiger, the new Lord Chancellor, is on .
the woolsack, vice Craiiwortti, resigned., He
looks his offtec T irilli and see how the' i lawl
lords and othenrgb up and congratulate him
with a hearty shake of the hand. First, up
rises the notorious Clanrioarde, whiyamid the
noise and crushing, is scarcely heard, as ;he
intimates that he will, on a certain
make a statement on matters affecting his
personal character. Then rises old Brougham,
and speaks in a loud voin. HI tempt/tat
he is about to ask a question of - tlle F oi : e i g n
Secretary, Lord Itlabruibury,;.and:lid „ ds that
in this case the thing that ie ie also
:great. Great is the expectation? 'Whit is
it to be ? left, about France and' friend
Louis Napoleon ? No ! It'll`tolisk for the'
Annual-Returneaf NP*l
Philadelphia, 111 Seta Tenth Street, below Alesinut
By or et the OBLoo, SLOG per TV , (S E E Pacuezerve,
Delivered in the oiq, L 76
WHOLE NO.kes
that was not unimportant; but, with the
preface, it seemed not quite it place, and so
the' ventilators laughed . 7 Whnieupon the old
lion roared aloud; and threatened, if such
in indeeeptta were repeated; 'to clear the
House i•
Lord Derby now rises, and instantly there
is a' deep' ush, and intent!. and silent atten
tion.; Mr. Della snoops his" head gamest
between his knew, and puts both hands be
hind'his 'ears, So that he may cat c h every
`word. Neeer did 'I hear Derby on a great
occasion, or as a Mitditet before. He , ex
eeedect my expectatiene. His figure is very
griceful, his Manner and those of a
perfect gentleman, cagy and 'natural,' while
lii voicilizeilvery, and his Oratory flows on
I like; &Smellier brook; . With "'Miami a jagged
Seek , to OMAHA its current. He begins
Ulysseic in a low voice; and with eyes
Salt He declares that his are not
,"the feelinge of exultation - or triumph. He
Termite' the vote of the House of Commons,
which led to his being requested by the Queen
to form a new Cabinet. He demean the
idee that Conservatism is opposed to real
program. Ile acknowledges "the . great JlM
`coigne; hae"to contend. He
speaks of rintares. As to. India, he and
: his friendolia wished-for delay; but a the
lionser of. Commons had voted, by a large
'majority, that the'Company Amnia be abol
bled, .he andllet Cabinet were prepared to
carry out the - wish of the country, and Lord
Ellenborougli, the new Indian Minister,
, (see bora he !ita l. large in figure, and with
ceiling hair, - turning . gray, upon a
massive head,) would bring is a bill to es
" the Queerer( authority in India.
Then touched on the" grand point, the
notorious' yiiipateki and , our relations with
France: He retesserkd the right of asylum.
Bedenouneed those refugees who abused
it. Hodeolareslliat the dispatch 'shall be
answered, and that he had no doubt the
Emperor would reply in terms Satisfactory
to this country. <He believed - cur was
sufficient to punish conspiracy. If net, it
would be , amended. After promising to
consider reform of the representation, he
concluded beautifully; bya recognition of
his dependence , en Divine wisdom.
Lords; Granville and' Clarendon followed.
The latter attempted defentie of his con
- dirctiabont the ditpatah,`bitt it t leas a failure.
It now apparel* the overthrow of the
Panieratent' Cabinet was nngepeeted, both
' by the Mover of the'amendment, and by
Lord Palmerston himself. 'lle:knew that a
majority of- two hundred had voted for the
intrddiretion of the w Conspiracy till," and
he thought hilselk Conserve
ti*ei Were= without a'decided ;aim, itirtir—it
is safd--Lord' Derby,"caning under the
gallery,; and'ectiingthe a steer of the House,
puked the - Wind *Ube' 'Minds to vote for
lIM 16310 1 0thaffilit' ''Palniiirtitoii' might have
udjontiled the the'` last' moment
the ‘"'filiipnerli" . told bun there would be
imajority'igaiMW. hies. - But his anger for
nieieltiitritaitiediand hideterinined to let
the division be taken, be lire resilt what it
ought ` Baides,'lt is lliought that he
looted forint& with anxiety - to a motion to
have been made thisrereek,' for the abolition
of the •offra PrbrSeid. , Ibis was the
nominal office in (is *said, at the
,instigation of Lady Pahretraton, nird on by
her:friend,: thsi MarchiteietsClannearde,) a
worthless Man had , been
. 110/liid, and kept,
loo v ,in-spete of' getteridl .i teast and remon
itranos. to the- 't of the moral
anse.of Parliament, had much to do with
vote • And ea the nook ; in its own
slashing and >terriblea wiy; says Of Lord
Climicarde, - -the latest - ,iddition to the Pal
mettos Cabinet,' .wie hate leng since said
. enough.. - hag 'had - thei=rare fortune,
.:rialmost ;inasaisted, to; destay, by his mere
presence; a nfinistry ;fortified 'by repeated
rotaries, and - stipportedrily the 'largest ma
jority known since theyeffint
This Marplot itibleinsu I saw on the
first night of then session, in tiia 'House of
Lords.:- He sat on the ministerial bench,
near to Lords Clarendon Panmure.
-But neither with-them, nor ;with Lords
Oninville or liandsowne, did he's exchangea
word, and,he took care not tar open his lips.
g.f Thinks Ito thyself," is. I sat iri .the gal
lery looking on, if your Lordship_ rise to
sip*, what a sensation. would he created if
Lord Derby anti ;the opposition peers should
take up their hate indleatie the House
That, piebaNy,leinild Stet have' been done;
hit If it had; the Whelp" country Would have
epplanded the, mit'enthi is latdr.eally. Some
of the Lords themselves, ' an either side, arc
' not natitinted; or 'rerriehe," as to
morals "' Bute they do not obtrude them
delves' into off . et es' "this min did. His
personal appearance is net .evil-boding, or
sinister; Se his a long; coMeal . head, bald
On the top, and his pellet* gniet and sub-
If Derby bold office for a time, and is
'then overthrma, the Whig party must at
lait.liiirn the !mon thatthey are not made
'* ale s poke idero4l4lglalld. Already
tl„* i
.erY l 'r4rot!ritr , atist them on that
10 011 0:-... ''' il Ava_ . irlqili . n his " History,"
MOWN ale •Wpilit or NI party every where,
biinijili'lli t hig tote` very core. On the
'aidr bad, ihe':f'oelite reotion, Si; J. Gra
' IWOlutttinle; ah414457-11erterty while
4 ,, 'elf ~0 rare ;tales '4v* to be trusted
.. 01.01.4;4141ti0n whein u tinatilioal interests
i t
,effe:iiitaikairi c md. '44tflit:- _the Radical
1141)1°% and clarity ii
ip . gipiAtiqq .. iiia '44 scorn and
'W ihtwE
''. , . 'religion There is , however,
11 . ~..,.*i„
, 1 •14.1 1 . 6 !i*. ~ a, >? for good,
, t null in .1. Ind' 'Very many , nominally
• -• ,- ;'', **; qiiiillit &lasi of the three po
..lige° ' 7 ' . '44Yiailairlooneerned for the
~,...' ',Batilfrbtfithkpopulation. Thank
4 : 106 ; 14 . 1 aW i 1 1 i iiiiervative element of the
-tight it4a 4 • erfifim where the Bible
-111 ‘ fingilitielfiroboid arid in the family,
t i nd ilia ° trap eiance'Cif the great mid
dle o bii i ii Indic;'` ;bath to Sabbath educe
te)i the preaT: •
.. of quickening, it hallow
ing'..4nd litit
eniel4:4enifilnik liilaireen religious Con
.-aeilierciril6'Efallelioal 'Epuscoptdians
'kerierat~ind'ilibgioms Liberals, is far
. lest.'" thif 1iq1" , ...i5. ' : ?The 'freemasonry of
I -Chriatiai7 l lirotherhood - established by the
teaching's:if the " One spirit," and by that
faith 'Which, tooling at' things unseen and
eternal; ever weighs a nation s interests in
the_oeales of the sanctuary, has a'wontirous
inflbence In producing a community, of
effort toward one grand and patrio' tie'dpign.
Thus let it be on both sides of the A.thntie Y.
' Lei politic/be Ipivened with piety,' and let
aeon be no longer sectarian, istunigii'sep a,-
cam