ttnettz
Grace.
From out thy boundless store of graoe,
So costly, full, and free,
Do thou this earthly vessel fill,
As full as it can be ;
That all I think, or say, or do,
May savor, Lord, of thee.
With many a precious word of truth
My weary soul renew,
Take - oaptive every wandering thought,
My rebel will subdue ;
And let thy glory be my aim,
In every thing I do.
From every earth-born idol here
My restless spirit wean;
Teach me to walk by earnest faith,
In things not felt or seen—
Simply to look to thee for all,
On thee alone to lean.
Teach me• to walk as thou didst walk,
When a weary pilkilm'here—
To have a smile for those who joy,
To dry the mourner's tear ;
Never' to . cries of pain or woe
To turn a silent ear;
Always to come, and in thy blood
. To wash my sins away—
Always to watoh, and never faint,
And,never cease to pray ;
To love, and serve, and follow thee,
More fully every day.
fittrarg gotitts.
BOOKS sentto us for Notice, will be duly
attended to. Thalia from pub Ushers in Phila.
idyllist New Term* dr.e.• allay be left at our
Philadelphia comegou South lath St.gbelow
Chestnut. in ears ofJOseph M. Wilson. Esq.
LigBSONEI FROM THE GREAT BIOGRAPHY. By James
ffamilton, D.D., F.L.S. Author of "Life in
Earnest," " Mount of lives," " Happy Home,"
&0., Sze. 18mo., pp. 819. New York: Robert
Carter 4. Bros., No. 530 Broadway. 1857.
The name of Tames Hamilton is a sufficient
guarantee for the character of this delightful
volume: His mental characteristics appear on
every page, and every reader who has ever heard
him preach, will be able to understand the effect
uf many Of the striking, peculiar, and rich sen
tences which abound in the work, as they fell
frouFt his lips. As the title indicates, the subjects
are seleoted from the Gospels, and the work is a
review of the life of our Lord, cast into the fol
lowing order; namely: early incidents ; miracles ;
dt.courses ; interview's 'and final glimpses.
,
GpORGE , WHITFIELD : A isiograpoy, with special
reference to his labors in America. Compiled
by Joseph Bekher, D.D., author of the Life of
Dr. Carey, missionary to India, &a., Sm.
12m0., pp. 514. American Tract. Society, 150
Nassau Street, New York; Chestnut Street,
Philadelphia ; and'Cornhill, Boston. 1857
Here we have a new and most admirable me
midr of the Great Preacher, issued by the Tract
society for the small sum of 55 cta. Dr. Belcher
has enjoyed the advantage of an acquaintance on
both sides of the Atlantic, and he has availed
himself of all accessible sources of information.
The introductory chapter on the state of religion
in Great Britain, Ireland, and the Colonies, is ad
mirably written, and conveys the most truthful
idea of the period in question, which we have ev
er seen in print. The whole biography is worthy
of the subject, and we hope that it may have an
circulation commensurate with the important
theme which it discusses.
SHORT STORDIS, by Charlotte Elizabeth. 24m0.,
pp. 327.
THE LIGHT or Luz, and other Books for Children.
24m0.,pp. 122.
LITTLE 083 PH, and other Books for Children.
24m0., pp. 144.
These are three very sweet little volumes, also
issued by the American Tract Society. They are
models of writing for the young.
PULPIT ELOQUENCE OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY.
By Rev. _Henry C. Fish. New York : M. W.
Dodd. John S. Davison, Market St., Pittsb'gh.
It would seem that * after a long season, in
which pulpit productions' had become a drug in
the market, they are now, in various shapes, com
manding a readteale: The sermons of Guthrie,
Archer, Butler, and Spurgeon, have been read
with great avidity—thirty-thousand volumes of
the last named having passed into circulation in
this country 'during an amazingly brief period.
The great collection of "master-pieces," from
deceased Divines, lately leaned by Dodd, in two
royal octavos, has only sharpened the appetite
for this, that forms a proper supplement. It
does not, claim to be a set of "master-pieces,"
but of Ispecimen.s. The task of the collector was
not easy—to .select from the various evangelical
dOnominations, the names which would be most
readily recognized as fair representatives of their
pulpits respectively, and then to select frora their
productions, those which could best exhibit the
pulpit peculiarities of these men. It would be
quite too much to say that all this has beeddone
jekt as We, or any other than Mr. Fish would
have done it, or as he himself would have done
it, in other circumstances. But we think; in
these delicate points, he has done all that could
fairly be demanded. The Old School Presbyte
rian Church, in "the American Pulpit," would
perhaps have some reason to complain. But
they will not, for -in the Scotch and Irish, and
Continental pulpits, they are well represented.
And the public will thank the laborious collector
for this freshly-gathered assortment of sermons.
We have been delighted with the evangelica
themes, and with the orthodox and practical
handling of them. These features of the book
will make it not a mere show shop, but an araenaZ, ,
Or rather it will circulate as a grand battery of
Gospel truth. It will appear, also, we think,
from this volume, how substantially one is the
preached Word, and 'how the oneness of the Gos
pel ministry in the fact, overshadows the diversity
in form. We see that Christ is preached; and
therein we do rejoice, yea, and will rejoice.
The "Introductory Essay!' is full of fine sug
gestions on the Influence of the Pulpit, and en
riches this valuable Thesaurus, from the pens of
living masters in sacred eloquence. We hope it
may he widely circulated. *t
Tam ECLECTIC MAGAZINE, for July, is an excel
lent number, conveying much important informa
tion. ,
Tun THEOLOGICAL JOURNAL, for July. Contents
The Inspiration of Scripture, its Nature and Es
,tent; Notes Cu Scripture ; H. Miller's bearing of
neology on Natural and Revealed Religion ; Rev.
J. L. Porter's Damascus and Palmyra; The Par
ables, of the New. Testament—The Lost Sheep ;
Literary and Critical Notices.
LEAVENWORTH CITY, Kansas Ter.,
Nardi 30, 1857.
Dr. WKINNEY left Pittsburgh on
the 12th inst., on the steamer " Vixen,"
Captain 3. M. Mason, with a set of fine
officers. She was very much crowded,
having over two hundred passengers on
board, and yet we enjoyed ourselves well..
There were some incidents and accidents
in . passing down the Ohio, which we do not
relate. On the morning of the 20th, we
found ourselves at Cairo, situated at the
junction of the Ohio . and Mississippi. It
lies low. Its population 5000. Here we
see a grand sight. The union of the
clear and limpid waters of the beautiful
Ohio, with the dark, turbid, mighty Missis
sippi. The current as we enter the Missis•
sippi is very strong. The banks abound
with dense forests of cotton wood, and the
most striking and sublime rocky scenery, in
many places. Towns and cities are few.
The banks are so subject to washing that
town sites are scarce, and what towns there
are, present,a poor and forsaken appearance
generally. •
St. Louis is a great place. Population,
130,000. It: reminded me of New 'York.
The wharf is lined with splendid steamers,
and crowded with people and drays. There
are in the city about fifty Protestant
churches. Here We called, and obtained a
lot of tracts to' distribute among the passen
gers. Supplying steamboats with religious
reading matter wouldbe a very good field
for colporteurs. Passengers are anxious to
have something to read; and if supplied,
many a man would there read a good tract,
who never read one before. There is no,
class more needy. It is to be fearedthat
many a boatman will go to the judgment
seat of Christ, and can say with the Psalm
ist, "no man eared for my soul."' There is
a floating church at Cincinnati, built a pur
pose for boatmen. There is preaching in it
every Sabbath evening.
At St. Louis, we went to church Sabbath
evening, and heard Dr. Anderson, on " the
golden rule." " Next morning we bid fare
well to the "Vixen," and got abeard the '
Edinburg, for Kansas. Here again we were
very much: crowded, having. about 400 pas
sengers from all parts of the country, going
to Kansas and Nebraska, some to California,
quite a number to Missouri—the greater
part to 'Kansas.
We arrived at Leavenworth city ear
ly Sabbath morning, having been providen
tially detained.. Having secured a place of
lodging, we found our way to the Presbyte
rian church. The preacher failed coming,
and upon the request of the people, we
preached to a very respectable, intelligent,
and very , attentive congregation. The loca
tion of Leavenworth is fine—its appearance
prepossessing. In points of business, popu
lation, wealth and commerce, etc., it is the
first town in the Territory. It has s popula
tion of some 3,000, about thirty-five law
yers and land agents, and nearly as many
physicians, several very good stores and
shops, together with a great many drinking
saloons. It ba.s 7 churches : 1 Presbyterian,
1 Catholic, (the largest) 1 Episcopal, 1
Campbellite, 2 Methodists, and 1 Baptist.
They are all small. No house of worship •
of much value. (Religion appears to be at a
low ebb. We heard of no prayer-raeetine. )
Three schools—one quite large—three print
ing presses. They have elected a Free-State
mayor recently, by a majority. of 184 over;.
all others.. The town is rapidly increasing.
It has one large hotel, (The Planters House,)
four story brick, built at a cost of $45,000.
It is always very much crowded, and gives
accommodation.; daily to some two hundred..
persons. Boarding $2 per day. The waiters
are, slaves. Some days, 'tis said, one thou
sand passengers are landedat this place. The
houses are all always crowded. Many can't
get bedding. Property is very, high. The
spirit of speculation predominates; and
rages, very high. For the minister it is
a good field. The Sabbath is but poorly
observed generally.
Next itt.point , of,importance , is Lawrence.
It is beautifully situated on the South side
of the Kansas River,' sixty miles from its
mouth, in the midst of a most delightful
country. It has four churches : -one Uni
tarian ; one Congregational; one Methodist;
and one United Brethren. The Unitaiians
have a fine stone church, nearly completed,
costing $12,000, with a good basement,
lecturd-room, and the best furnished school
room I ever saw. aims Jurnishod by
some ladies of Boston. The school, together
with books, tuition, &c. ; are all supported
by the Church from,abroad.
The Congregationalists have a good house
of worship nearly completed, costing $lO,
000—all done by donations from abroad.
Now, will the Presbyterians abroad "go
and do likewise ?" They shOuld. The
point is good, the field encouraging. Law
rence has a population of near two thou
sand. There has been, I was credibly in
formed, $lOO,OOO raised in the East to
establish a University at this place.
Besides these, there are 'Any 'other irn
portant points; such as Topeka, Lecompton,
Tecuteseh, Manhattan,. (in the interim))
and a great many new towns on the river.
Wyandot, at the mouth of the Kansas, is
a new and thriving place. Its location is
very handsome. Here the emigrant travel
ingup the river, first touches the shores of
Kansas. Here we secured a lotpne hundred
and fifty feet square, finely located, for an Old
School Presbyterian church, and made ar
rangements for a Sabbath School. The lot,
at the rate lots now sell, is worth $1,600.
Near this 'place a Slave was sold; a few days
ago, for $5OO.
Quindaro,, four miles further up the Mis
souri, is a very fast town. It was com
menced three months ago. It has now, one
large four-story hotel, a good saw-mill,
about forty houses, and three or four hun
dred inhabitants. Gov. Robinson is one of
the principal men of the company. The
people are full 'of energy and enterprise.
They built a school house in one week, and
had preaching in it the neat 'Sabbath.
They have a Sabbath School. No drinking
Saloons. One ' man brought . a barrel of
whisky on the ground; but at the requeit
of one of the citizens, he rolled the barrel
out of his house, and poured the liquor out
on the ground. Would ibis were so all over
Kansas. Here, also we obtained the grant of
a- lot one hundred by one hundred and
twenty.five feet, in a fine location for
Presbyterian church, worth $l,OOO. The
landing at Quindaro, is one of the finest MI
the Missouri River. It is the best place
bridging the river any where alOng the K
sas shore. The river here is narrow—ab ,
six hundred feet wide—with good re ,
bound shores and high bluffs en both sic
A branch of the St. Joseph and. Hannii
Railroad, is projected to pass through ha
on up - to 'Lawrence, and 'through the Te:,
tory on, to the Pacific. Although all
now quiet in Kansas, yet, by some, tram.
is' ,apprehended. The " doubtful clout,
has not' yet entirely disappeared.
brought in with a pro-slavery coned ;
tion Kansas must eventually soon
a free State. The question of h
admission is one of, mOst momentous it
portance; and to all therein concerned, we
would say; pause and consider •zoe/t before
you act. There is a great work to be done
by the Church in Kansas. =Here the bar-
vest is great, laborers few. We have, I was
credibly informed, eight or nine Presbyte
rian ministers in the Territory. The Meth
odists have about forty. The Church should
rouse up to action for her i welfare. , Here . we
'heed the most efficient, talented, and devbged
men.. .liere too, we need money and means
—above all, we =need most prayer's. of
the Church. (Who cries, in the language
THE PRESBYTERIAN BANNER AND ADVOCATE.
of, the prophet, "Here am I, send me ?")
Desiring to commend the affairs and inter
ests of the Kansas Territory to the Great
Head of the Church, I remain
,yours, fra
ternally, . A.. S. B.
.*thfutific.
The Developments of the Bolsi. System.
The progress of Astromonical disicovery
has utterly refuted the notion of creation by
natural law; known as the Pevelopthent
Theory, or the Nebular Hypothesis..
Scientific infidels knew that there was
too much order and regUlarity in the mo
tions of the planets to allow any rational
mind to • ascribe these motions to ac
cident, according to Buffon's , notion.
They saw that these mevernents must
be regulated by law. La Place;' an em=
inept mathematician,,saw„that there are 'At
least five great regnlatritieit pervadiug the
system for which Buffon's theory gave no
reason': .
1. The planets all move In elliptical or
bits, ,nearly, circular. 'Their might)On the
contrary, have been.as ehingated as these
comets.' •• • „ • , • •
2. They revolve in orbits nearly- in the
plane of the sun's equators They might
have reVolved in orbits inclined to it at. any
angle, or even in the plane of his '
3. -They revolve , around the sun ,all ,"in'.
the same direction, which is the direction of,
his rotation on his axes.;'
4. They rotate on their axes, also, so far
as known, in.the same direetion;
.5. The , satelites• (with the ; exception, of
those• of Uraniis) revolve. around. their.prim-.
-
ary planets, and also rotate on their axes, in. , 1
the same normal direction. I
It was evident', even to the believers in
chance, that so, many' regularities were not
produced by accident. La Place fonrid,hY
computing the chances by the -formula of
probabilities; that :the chances - 4were
two millions to'one against these regulari
ties happening by chance, and four`
to one•in favor of these motions haying; a
common • origin. The grand phenomenon
beings, motion of rotation' in the whole sys
tem, of Which the rotation of the Sun is the'
central part, he if lie, could account
for this, he could explain all, the,rest, • ,
He set out:by supposingth4.4loAlk 3 :4l4
planets originally existed as a vast cloud of
gaseous matter, intensely heated—a vast
fire mist—placed iu a region•o space much
cooler, and that this cloud, by gradual cool
ing, and the pressure of its parts, settled
down , into solid forms. • It was supposed
that some portions of this cloud would begin
to cool sooner than others; and so ' , become
solid sooner,; and that the hot gas, rusiiing
to the solid part, would forma vortex, which
would set the cloud in motion around its
centre. As the speed of its rotation would
increase, and the outside condense and grow
solid before the inside, - •ther cloud would
whirl off, the rings of solid matter; which
would keep revolving in the same ''•orliits
which they were oast off, and would revolve
faster unit - faster as they grew , cooler
more solid, till they, broke tip, by the force
of their velocitilinto smaller pieces; which
fragments, in their turn, repeated the pro
cess, until the present number of planets,
and their satellites was produced.
This theory differs from Buffores`much as ,
a low pressure , ,engine, deriving most of its
power from.the condenier, differs from , one;
of high pressure. La Place noes , not etc
plode the boiler to make ,
,his * planets, but
merely runs his train solast as to break an,
axle, every now and then; when, the, wheel
runs off with the velocity it had got,
keeps its track as well as if it had an en-'
gineer to guide it, grows into "a' little loco
motive by dint of running, and after a while
it breaks an axle too--breaking is a hered
itary failing of these suns and planets that
had no God to make them-and the wheels
thus thrown off, supply it with moons: and
rings,, like Saturn's. The illustration is not
nearly so absurd as the theory, inasmuch as
a locomotive is an incomparably less compli
cated contrivance than a planet. However,
the nonsense was 'cradled in the halli of
philosophy in the manner following. .
Herschell had discovered numbers of ne
hula3, or luminous clouds, in the 'distinct
light, but which,.w#h :thehigbist,!.3,VAkit:Y.;
ing power he could apply, presented no trace
of stars. some nebulae, it is true, his large
est telescope reSolved, like 'our own Milky
Way, into beds' of distinct stars; but there
were others—for instance, one in the • belt
of Orion—visible• to the naked eye as a
cloud, but:: which his forty feet telescope
only displayed as a larger cloud, without
any shape' Of stars'. , Now, reasoning upon
the matter, he found= that if these nebulae
were composed of: stars as large as those die.:
tinctly visible, 'they must be immensely
distant to• be= indistinguishable by his tele
scope, and exceedingly numerous and •close
together to give .a cloud of lighk visible to
the naked eye.. In fact, the suns, of those
firmaments must be so, close to each other as
to present
• blaze of glory, and .complexi
ties of •revolution inconceivable to the dwel
lers on -earth. But as
,this daring idea
seemed incredible, even to his giant Mind,
he thought the" ppearance of these nebulm
might be more rationally accounted for 'by
supposing that they were not stars • at all,
but simply clouds of gaseous matter, like
the matter of comets, from Which he sup
posed that stars were formed by a long pro
l
cess of condensation 'and solidification. He
thought this theory, was favored by the fact,
that nebulm are 'generally seen in thotie
rportions of the heavens that are'"not thickly
I strewn' with-stars and also' by the ^various
rforrog of these oloudi. Some were Merely
loose clouds, without 'any definite form;
others seem gathering toward the centre.
in some, of a roundish,, or oval form, the
central mass seemed defined. In a
few, the process seemed nearly complete, a
bright star shining in the midst of a faint
I nebulous halo. Here, then; it Was said, 'we
e the whole progress of the growth of
-their-development from the gaseous
oils fluid into solid, brilliant suns. La
accepted Herschell's discoveries as
.clusive proof of the truth of his theory,
was generally accepted by the scion
world.• Oddly enough, nobody seems
'lave noticed that those appearances of
'sensation toloard the centre, which
lied to Hersohell so strongly in favor of
theory of the nebulous fluid, were
metrically opposed to La Place's, require-
As of condensation at the circumference;
these two contradictory • notions were
posed to support each other, and to fur
a solid basis for the Development
- pothesis.
This theory, as stated by Herschell, and
I expounded, by Nichol], Dick, and other.
Uhristian writers, is not necessarily atheis
tical. On, the contrary, they allege, that it
furnishes us with greater evidences of the
power of God, and gives us higher ideas of
his wisdom, to suppose a system of creation
by development, under natural law, than by'
a direct exercise of his will. Undoubtedly,
had. God so pleased, he bould'somehow have
made suns from , Fire Musts;; but not ac
cording to
,La Place's plan, as we shall
,
presently see. Or he could have * caused"
firmaments to grow from seeds, as forests do,
according' to some sublime and uniform law
of such . celeatial
.iegetation. In such a
case, we should have had the same lind of
evidence "of , his being, power, wisdom, and
goodness,' in• creation by natural law, which
we now have frcmi his providence by natural
law, when he sends us rain from heaven and
fruitful seasons; andvso much greater an
amount of it, as the „heavens are. greater
than.the earth.,, The first creation of prim
eval elements demands 'a creator, and the
contrivance of the , law of development a
contriver; and thelorce, either of..gravity,
clierriical 'attraction, or any other,- by which
it operates, must' proceed from an
. agent.
The Development Theory, then, cannot . ex
ist without God.
However, as it seems to remove him a few'
steps from his worke, and as all• ungodly ,
men desire his absence, Atheists and Part
theists of all kinds have , earnestly laid hold
of it , as •the foundation of their systern .of
the„development of:them:averse fromiternal,
self-existent matter• ;without an intelligent
creator. It is at this moment, With' thow,
sands, the:substitute-for the living• God: •• •
Like most error's, thiagis-the ' product Of
ignorance. - Herschel', With lria-Iftgel tele,,l.'
,'scope; did- :nbt• see well :enough ' 'the , objecti
.Which he pronourik be clouds of nebu
lous fluid. Lord , bas.seen them bet
ter, with his : gp-, t te i lefteopa,.and these
clouds are hoiiti. f very . , mean and distant
staii, dearly p" . ;,rected 'igainit, the' dark
sky.*, ' That nebula . .in • Orion; .which was,
considered the test .apecimen,has been re
solved; and theiyrhole nebular , hypothesis is •
diiiisipated. SitliiliWptivid Brewster, " It .
was ceitainlo., liiitr,gentirelitiitti'?u to pain
'tain,„that nebrilm diffelied' i treMyelipiter!,'cd,
stars, because , existing , teleseopesteould ...not.
resolve 'theme ..The very first .application" of
Loid Irclase'e - teleseepe,to the heavens' , bverk
turned the hyptitheani;' anti'wfth ; such tine-.
quivocal 'facts as that, instrument has hroriglii
.to'light,:we regard it as a most unwarranta
ble assumptipn to suppose, that there are in
the heiVenly - spaces any .masses 'of matter
different fioni solid • bedies cempOsing plane
tary systems.f .Nichol,,forinerly.an eloquent
supporter of, the• nebular hypothesis,. thus
expresses the'opinion of the seientifie world
• "It.hasteen Asked, Are not many:such.
masses, in the heavens still irresolvable, even
by the great mirrors of Parsonstown ? It
cannot,-indeed,ile• doubted, that nebulae de
fying the. -most energetic of these instill,
meats,. exist'in
.p ginbers in the sky; but,
nevertheleis, every ,shred of that, evidence
which induced AM:W.:accept as a reality ac-'•
cumulations 'in.:ilia leavens of matter' not
stellar, is forever . nnd hopelessly destroyed.
The 'logical state 'the question is simply
this,: On the ground of a s certain character
istic, Herschel' felt disposed to.divide unre
solved nebulae into two classea. He.declined
to, believe one class to'beretellar, because
that s eonclusion Would, bili ,censtrained his
acceptance of what , seemed 'opposed by all,
analogy, viz., the existence . of aggregations.
of stars in a' state of compression to which
he had found . nothing even approximately
similar,, in the course of hiS previorni:exami'
nation of the universe. Now, tbaimbula of
Orion; being an eminent instance of the lat
ter: elliihtiits decisive resolution broke down
the 'Mho of '• :tbe !characteristic ; it showed
that to be li,factx on' the presumed improba
bility of which the entire theory depended."T
" The effects of the removal of the nebular
theOrY iiiiliiiiiii*Ei Ofth'egeffterilitirtietnre
of the heavens, I haye explained in another
work.; andl I l refer . to it here only in its bear
ings on La Place'e celebrated theory of the
origin of our solar system. The basis of
that .theory, considering it as a matter of ob
servation;,is obviously destroyed. No such
fact as the condensing of nebulous matter
into organized stars, can now be seen in the
heavens; so that La Place's fundamental
tenek.tbat the Pri,knriginated in the gradual
condensing 'of 'a' '.or Vaporous mass,
must henceforth lbe regardectis a pure hy
pothesis."§ • i . : ' ,
It never was any thing more than pure hy
pothesiti:-;-a mere - notion; - Granting to this
theory all the bene fit of aersch r ell's supposed
discovery,
.it nexer , e'6orf ? etl'onie. anything
more than a theory, utterlyincapable of proof
as a fact; for it is evident that no man eould
possibly ascertain the nature , of clouds thou-.
sands' Of millions o f mike distant, or know
whether they were hot or cold, or:whether they
were growinghett i rolder. It Waanot pre
tended. . that , any y
..ever. did see them
sealing off into rings, and.the rings breaking
up into,Planitaandl i mtiensi, nor was it likely
anybody ever would' see such a phenomenon.
Its.author merely put it forth as a probable
I theory, and no scientific reauever pretended
to demonstate it as a discovered fact. Among
ecientitte. astronomers it was'merely a notion:.
1t was always. an .':unsatisfactory notion:
. ,
..
the: ,
'of
things.
made,. us no 'wiser about Origin 'of
things.,• It gave no.answer to the all-imPoit
ant questiona, Where did the gaseous mat
ter come from ? ' ' How did it get to . be so
het, while the space around it was sq cold ?
Whence came the fire that heated it? ' Did
it contain within itself • all the principles of
things now 'found in the resulting-planets,
such as attraction; repulsion, chemical affiri
ity, animal arid' Ve4table life, and intellect?
If eo, how, came theirlftele ? If not, where
did they Oonuilroml
Besides,. it :tiaras , impracticable' notion;
contrary, to the kit T owli principles of mechan
ieS. The great requirement '' • of the whole
systepa---the.power to work the engine ---the
motion of .rotation upon which the whole
world-turning ibusiness depends never
could; biariy iossibility, be raised, either
by,La Place's, Or any other Mechanical pliti.
Ithe had the moving power, no doubt be .
'could. scatter . off.. pieces ,of matter front his
retatincsimi as 'drops of water are scattered .
Worn slo l tating grindstone ;' but his. theory
.ia..,a plan to . make the`Oindstinie • turn itself,
' and is prociselyof 't;ile ,earee 'yalue as any of
I the hundredi : of ingenious, schemes for a
perpeteal emotion, whose - ifiventors . lave
dreamed of creating pc,) z wer by, machinery, in
defiance,pf the fundiiineetal law of mechan
ics, that ".A.ctiOn ankreactioit' are equal."
The power is to be raised.by making his gas
cool at 'one part of the surface faster than at
another, and so make a vortex , around that
spot; which would 'B4: . t.kft Whoe revolving.
No conceivable reason can:be
.. aseignitd why
it should begin to cool • at one place of the
surface faster than , another; or, indeed,
Why, if eternally hot, it ever should begin
to cool at all. But, to Make; the required
vortex for the rotation of the mass, it should
not begin to cool at any part of the surface,
but near the middle, where, as anrengine
'diiirer who ever saw a condeuder, and every
Woman who "has cooled a' dish' of mush,
knows, it could not *gin to cool at all;
and so no.motion couldpbe produced. This
is so well known in thefinaehine shops and
dock 'yards, that. it is i fy:"rare to find an
igtelligent ndllwright pi.'lonist acknowl
iiso
edge the theory. . , .i.
Even were the rotation and the cooling
process to take place , as ' supposed, no such
results would proceed fr o, 'these combined
*North. Bilillelille vi eei, 17 . 111, p. 477.
If4l l
t Cosmas:lV, p. 304. ersoltell's Outlines,
xvii . 070. •.Lnional of Sofeitifio D i s c overy, for
1853, p. sea. '•' I ''' • ‘
I Nielioll's'Aiebiteeture of the 'lletesis; 9th
ed.,p. 145. 1 • .1 0
Nioholl's - Solar System, 4 e 4:, p:' 9.
operations as the ease requires; for, accord
ing to the theory, as the cooling' and con
tracting rings revolve in the verge of a vor
tex of fluid less dense than themselves, one
of these two results must take place : either,
as is most probable, from their exceeding
tenuity, the rings will break at once into
fragments, when, instead of flying outwards,
they will sink toward the center, and, as
long as they are heavier than the surround
ing fluid, •they will stay there; and, as the
cooling. goes on the outside, so will the
concentration of the heavier matter, till we
have one great spheroid, with a solid center,
liquid covering, and gaseous atmosphere. A
vortezwill,nover make, nor allow to exist
beyond its center, planets heavier than the .
fluid of which it is composed. The other
alternatiyei and• the one which La Place se
lecied, rut the supppsition that the cooling
and- contracting pngs did not at first break
upsinto pieces, but retained their continuity;
bufonntrarY, t0.,911 experience and' reason,
that these cooling, rings kept
contracting; and widening,: out from' the
"lieted
• nnufs,, at the same time. The only
ituld . Plitnetary rings which we can examine
—those 6f Saturn—liave been closing in'ori'
the planet since the days of Huygens, .and,
in a dozen - years or so, - Will be united with
the body of the planet;* and:every boy who
has .seen a. blaoksmith hoop. a..part•whesl,
has learned the' principle, that a heated ring.
contracts as it coehi, andindoingso Presses in
.upon,the mass arorind wfiieli it clings. Put,a a
cording to this Nebular Nution,. the Fire Mist
,Iteeps cooling and shrinking up,. W,hile the
'rings, of the verysaine heat and material,
keep cooling faster,;ii.nriiideningput from
it: a. piecn %disk& without
solids or fluids, bitherliii
heaien ireilittr, or ,Onder the earth.... '
!Plateau's experiment• of Flaking a globule
`atoll rotate and disperse into drops, bveen
:triftigal force: communicated by clockwork,
;while floating in a mixture of. alcohol and
Water, allof the same density, is no illustration
'of the Nebular Theory, the essential condition
!oflwhich ! is,„thap, the. cooling _contracting
rings be of a. 4i.jeriAt i ilensity froF the rest
;of the. mass.; ',!heir ;divergence. from the
moreAtgportion . is supposed . t.. 4 arise from
theif,growing heavier, fts,,,they. '0:10); . and
therefore capable of a , greater aentsifnial
'force; in consequence of which; they.rotate•
so . innehlafiter than the 'fluid from which
•they ; derlyed niotierfs . that`flnally they'
fly : out of it. The only. other instance . of
such a performanee,which I •can rethember,
is that of the Yankee's mill-Wheel, which.trav-
Alikthree times as fast as the stream which
diore its while the latter was swift enough
to make the saaklogs'flY.Up out of the water,
merely by the force of the current.
This Nebular Notion was always as con
trary to 'Asiroriornicaf 'facts, as to mechani
cal piincip,le t s:' ',The:orbits
. Cf • the cornets
being inclined at . all 'angles ta r ihe Sun'S
equator, - are ofterkont.of the.plain of his..ro-.
tation; and' so' in' the way of the theory.; The
moons of Uranus revolve in a direction oon
trnry to all'the 'other bodies, and fly right
into the face of -the theory. According to
the.nebnlar theory, the outer planets first
cast off from the sun,' ought. to. be lighter
than those nearer him, as these had longer
preseing near .be tnif,l4le'. of the. mass ; and
the.Soh..himselfrhompi!ieen lirpssed by the
weight of ail the rest of the system,. should'
be the denSest boclyof. the•whole. And the
author of the Voistigea.'Of Oration, in ex
pounding the, theory;: inainifititittee a set of,
facts to snit it, and 0110,kit9tWeri.that
planets exhibit a progressive diminution in
density from the one nearest the San to that
. 'most - 'distant: 'Our solar system
could not have lasted thirtY 'years had that
have been the case. The Earth, Venus, and
Mars, .are nearly of the same density. Ura
nus is more 'dense than Saturn, which is
nearer 'the sun. Neptune. is' more dense
than eithent The Sun; which ought to be
the heaviest of all, according to the theory,,
is only one-fourth the density of, the earth.
La Place liimself• has demonstrated that
these densities and arrangements aresindis
pensable,tO the, stability of the'aystem. Brit
they.are plainly contradictory to his theory
of its formation. - ,
The palpable difference of luminosity be
tvieen the:Sun and the planets; which, as
they are all made of the very same materials,
and by the same process, according to this
theory, ought to be equal)y selfluminous, is
in itself a Ftelf-eviddiat reffitation, of the Neb
ular
,4Pothesis, or of any'other process'of
creation by mere mechanical law. " The
same - power, whether natural , or supernatural,
which. placed the Sun in the centre of the
six - 'primary planets, placed Saturn in the
centre of the orb of his five secondary planets;
and Jupiter in, the
,centre, of, his four secon
dary planets ; and, the 'Earth in the centre of
the Moon's orbit; and, therefore, had this
cause been a blind one, without contrivance
or design, the Sun would have,been a body
of the'same kind with Saturn, Jupiter, and
the Earth; that is, wahout.ligh,t' or heat.
Why„ 01ere is onehodyin our system 'quali
fie& te,give.light and heat to all the rest; I
know no reason, but because the Author of
the system thought it, convenient!,' Sp says
the immortal Newtori.t
The, great expounder of.modern science—
ezplicit
,enunierat
ingrthe' decisive marks of choice and will, in
the construction of the solar, system, and in
Contemptuously dismissing. the notion of de
velopment and creation by' natural law, from
the halls' of science.
Up tothe present time, we are ignorant; as
I. have already remarked, of any, internal
necessity—any mechanical law.of nature- 7 .
which, (like the -beautiful law which con
fleet's' the square of the periods of revolution
with the cubeof thn . Major axis) represents
the:above named elemente—the absolute
magnitUde of the planets, their density, flat
tening at the poles, velocity of rotation, and
presence or absence of moons—of the order
of succession of the individual planetary
bodies of each group ; in their dependence
'upon the distances. Although the planet .
which is nearest the Sun is densest--eVen
six or eight times - denser than some of the
exterior planets : 'Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus,
and Preptune—the order of succession in the
case of Venus, the. Earth, and ISlara, is very
irregular. The absolute magnitudes do, gen
erally, as Kepler has Already observed, in
-crease with the distances; `but' thiS does not
hold good when the planets are considered
individually. Mars is smaller than . the
Earth; Uranus smaller than Saturn ; Saturn
:similar than Jupiter, which succeeds inirdedi
ately to a boater planets,, which, on account
of their smallness, are almost,immeasurable.
It is true, the period. of rotation generally
increases witliVtlie:- distance' from the Sun ;
but it is in, the case of Mars slower,than in
that:of the Earth, and slower in Saturn than
in Jupiter!)(l
"pir knowledge of the primeval ages of
the - iverld's physical history does not extend
sufficiently, far to allow of our depicting, he
present condition of things as one of devel
opment."§—Rev. R. Patterson.
*Bond, of Cambridge, U. S., quoted by Sir
David'Brewater, in More 'Worlds than One, 85.
Taking water as the unit' of density, Mer
oury is , 6.71; Veous,';s,ll; Barth, .5.44 ; ;Mars,
5.21 ; 'Saturn, 4 , 76 ; , •llrtmus, 0,97; Neptune, 4.-
'2s;' the Sun, -I;37.=Cosatos, iv., p.. 447. .•
' I'Newton's Optios„ . lr,, p, 438. .
II Cosmos, iv. 425.. COMM, iii. 28.;
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Co., N. Y.: .."My hair is now restored to its natural color
and ceases to fall off."
REV. WM. OE 'LER, Ed. Mother's Magazine, N. Y.: .11 5 .
hair is changed to its natural color," he.
REV. P. STOWS, D. D., Concord, N. IL: "My hair whkh
was grey, is now restored to its natural color, , '
REV. D. CLENDENIN, Chicago, Ill.: I can add my it ,
timony, and recommend it to my friends."
REV. D. T. WOOD, Middletown, N. Y.: "My own hair has
greatly thickened ; aleo that of ono of my family, who was
becoming bald."
TIISTiIf, Charleston, S. C.: ' , The white hank
becoming ,obviated„ and new hair forming," &c.
BEY. A. PRINK, Sliver Creek, N. Y.: "It has produced
a geed effect on my heir, and I can and have recommended
REV. BLANCHARD, Meriden, N. H.: "We think very
highly of your preparations," &c.
REV. B. C. SMITH, Prattsburgh, N. Y.: "I WAS surprised
to find my grey hair turn as when - I was young."
REV. JOS. - McKEE, Pastor of West D. R. church, N. Y.;
REV. D. MORRIS, Cross River, N. Y.; DIRS. REV. H. A,
PRATT; Ramderi, N. Y.
We might swell this list; but if not convinced, nty IL
MRS. S. A. ALLEN'S ZYLOBALSAMUR,
Or. .World's Hair Dressing, is essential to use with the Re.
starer, and the beirellair Dressing for old oryonngextent,
being often efficacious in case of hair falling, withoet
the Restorer.
•
Grey-haired. Bald, or persona afflicted with diseases of the
hair or scalp, read the above. and judge of
MRS S. A. ALLEN'S WORLD'S HAIR RESTORER.
IT DOES• NOT SOIL OR STAIN. Sold by all the principal
wholesale 'end retail merchants in the 'United States, Cubs,
or Canada.
DEPOT, 355 BROOME STRM.4 NEW YORK.
J. FLEMING`, Agent, Pittsburgh.
dri`,Some dealers try to sell articles instead of thiF, cs
which they mate more profit. Write to Depot for Circolai
and information. ap4.6ro*
1110pDOTS AND SHOES, BOOTS ARD SHOES.
JUllo •. —JAMS ROBB, No. 81) Market Street, between the
Market House and Fifth Street, would call the attention o!
his friends and customers, and all others who may favor him
with their trade, that for the future he will be found at him
New Shoe Store, as above, with an entirely New Stock si
Boots,: Shoes, Gaiters, Slippers ;Paha Leaf, Pedal, Tustin. and
Braid Hats, L-0.;. consisting in part of Gents' Fancy Opera ßoots. Otmgress Gaiters, Oxford Ties, &c., &c.; Ladies', Misses'
and. Children,,' Fancy Boots, Gaiters Ties, Slips, La., sety
beautiful; Boys' and Youths' Dress Gaiters,
Shoes, Ties and.
rum*:
Ms dock la one of the largestever opened in this city, and
enibraceseverithhig worn bithe ladies of Philadelphia ant:
New York, and, be trusts, cannot fail to please all. Great
care has, been taken jin selecting the choicest goods, all of
which he warrants.
• He also conthines to.. manufacture as heretofore. all de
scriptions of Boots and Shoes and ids long experience cf
over twenty years in business in this city is, be trusts, a rat
&bun guaranty that those who favor him with their custun
will be fairly dealt with ar26-tt
- p(I D E, . 0 Z L AND LEATHER STORE.—
D. KERRPATR.ICH. & SONS, No. 21 S. THIRD St, be.
weak! Market and Chestnut Streets, Philadelphia, hare for
sale
DRY AND SALTED S'PAZVISH
Dry and Green Salted Patna Hips, Tanner's Oil, Tannefe
and Mirrier's Tools at Mellowest prima, and upon the best
terms.
Air All kinds of Leather in the rough wanted, for
which the highest market price will be given in cash, or
taken. in exchange for Hides. Loather toyed free of charge
and sold on commission. jyls-1y
(O.AVING FUND OF THE NATIONAL
SAFETY , TRUST 'COMPANY—WaInut Street, South-
West Corner. oft Third, Philadelphia.
Tncorporatedbyp the State of Pennsylvania.
Money is.received in' any sum, large or small, and interest
paid from the day,of deposit to the day of withdrawal-
The office is open every day,from 9 o'clock in the morning
till 7 o'clock. in the evening, and on Monday and Thursday
evenings till 9 o'clock.
Interest Fire Per Cent.
All sums, large or small, are paid back in gold, on demand,
without notice, to any amount.
This Company confines its business entirely to the resets
ing otmoney on interest. The investments, amounting to
nearly ONE MILLION AND A RAM' OP DOLLARS! as per
pnbliabed • report of ASSETS, are made in conformity with
the provisions of the Charter, in REAL ESTATE, MORT.
GAGES, GROUND RENTS, and such first-class securities as
will always • insure perfect security to the depositors, and
which cannot fail to give permanency and stability to this
• old'auil well-established Institution. jal-ly
_. . . . . ... .
111 ID DI C A L.—DR S . RING & REITER
have associated themselves in the practice of Med
cine and Surgery. Office in Dr. King's residence, No. DI
Fifth Street, opposite the Cathedral.
Dr. Reiter will attend it the daily, and may be con•
suited 'at his resideloni4sEnnt Marty, in the morning
affil ereninss..: oclii•tf
•. . .
. .
E UNDERSIGNED. HAS BEEN AP
POINTED Receiving Agent and. Treasurer. for the fel.
lowing Church enterprises, in the Synods of PITTSBURGH,
ALLEGHENY, RELING, AND 01110, vile:
The General Assembly's BOARD OF DOMESTIC MIS
SIONS; the Geneeal Assembly's BOARD OF EDUCATION;
the General Assembly's CHURCH EXTENSION COMMIT
TEE, (St. Louis); and the FUND POE SUPERANNUATED
MINISTERS AND THEIR FAMILIES.
Correspondents will please address him as below, Meting
distinctly, the Presbytery and March, from which contribu
tions are sent; and when a receipt is required by mail, the
name of the post office and amity.
• As heretofore monthly reports will be made through the
.Presbyterian .Brietwer and Advocate and tbs./tome and Ibreisrn
Record. J. D.I4LLLIAMS, Treasurer,
114 Smithfield Street.
•
Pittsburgh. Pa.
El
17,11,41,11 R TI A' BLI 2 D 111.
A. BRITTON & CO.,
IIiANUAOTURERS, & WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
DEALERS.
No:32 . North 13ECONB Street, above Markey'Lliadelpb ie.
Z b it rß ge ll et arof e s 6t 4 a o n tte begt r este
assortment ofP
In tliattel
States.
ir2r REPAIRING promptly attended to. Give us a call,
and satisfy yourselves. feB4F
C 0 B .W.l3t ICIMBLOPE MARI U F AC
TORY, 6554 Bouth:F9IIRTH Street, below Chettott
PDILADDLPIIIA.
Envelopes, Die Sinking and Engraving, Dies Altered, Ea
velopos Stamped with Business Cards, Bomosopartir Ear
open, self sealed and printed directions, Paper Bags for spi•
eulturists, grown, -he., for putting up garden seeds sod
grocerlee:!.
PRINTING of all kbads, eels : Cards, Bill-Heads, Cra
ardars.
ENGRAVING of `'sating and Wedding Cards, with en•
velopee to fit exactly, of the finest English, 'French atii
American paper.
Envelopes made to order of any aize, quality and de•
miption. Conveynneerid Envelopes for deeds, mortgag
old papers, te., made in the beet manner yy_ _
COLBERT.
N. B. Orders sent by Express, or as per agreement
apl,4-ly
FOR SABBATH scHooLS,BIBLE
CLASSES, AND FAMILY INSTRUCTION—
Rrof. Jacobus's Notee on John i new. edition.
Mark and Luke, new edition.
• " • • " Matthew,
!attention Books on the same, interweaving the Shorter
Catechism.
On Matthew, (with Catechism annexed) $1.50 per dot.
On Mark and Luke,
each 2.50 "
or, the two volumes bound in one, 2.25 "
On John, with Catechism also annexed, 1.50 "
They will bo forwarded to any address, if orders be seta
to JAMES A. IRWIN,
Prem. Board of Colportage, St. Clair Bt., Pittsb'gh.
JOHN S. DAVISON,
65 Market Street, Pittsburgh-
WM. S. B.RNTon,
St. Clair Street, Pittsburgh.
fell-tt
Art AB. 11:1—JAMES LIOCKACit MIA Deg DAM°
I llarTlMThird Street above Pim Waliaragovt, Ps
iye-te
• - KOHN DI. KiRKPATRICK 9 ATTOMENT
AND COUNSELOR AT LAW, an& Solicitor is Cho
my. Office, No. 133 Fourth Street, above the corner
laitbfield, Pittsburgh, Pa.
.1/64/.
.ywr ALL P APICIL—NEw SPRING PAW -
T_ERNS.—Fine room and hall Paper Hanel/PG
medium do.; Oak and plain pannel ceiling and office, 04
gilt velvet, and :flowered borders, centre pieces, &c. Chen"
Wall Paper; a tugs- stook of transparent and oil cloth
Ehades E. C. COCHRANE,
• , :No. 6 Federal Street, Allegheny, Fe.
N. P — Experieneed Paper-Hangers employed.
ArNICNTILAL ACADEMY. AT AIRY VIAV
Tuscarora Valley, Juniata County, Pa., one fourth
a mile from the Parryirrille Station of Pennsylvania Rail
, The Summer Session will commence on Monday, the lftb
Of April: Whole expense per session of twenty-two weeti
' for Board, Room, Tuition, Washing and Incidentala,o6,
able one-half in advance.
Si' See Circulars. DAVID WILSON,
, marlf...ly Principal and Proprietor, Port Royal P.O.
BE BY Tr. RIAD, 'BOOK ROOMS.-7 111 '
K Depository is now Well furnished with all the Panto'
Urine of the Presbyterian Board of Publication, and especillif
with.those that aro suitable for Sabbath School Libairic!
There is &Igoe good supply of Dearly 4(O additional rOltipler
selected with special care, from the numerous publication!
of the Massachusetts 8.8. Society, an.: • • snerican t•
Union.
Orders from any part of the country will be promPOY la ;
tended to by addressing the subscriber. Money DAY De
by mall at our risk.
Also, a good supply of stationery.
oovl7 Jon N CULBRRTSON. IdbfilfigL
•
JILL FUMLNISHINO.—W. W. Wit LI.ACA
319 Liberty Street, Pittsburgh. Pa , mauulactures —
Stearn Buginee, of all Oiler.. warrauted beet quality :
Steam Boilers, of stamped Juniata Iron;
Portable 'Flour Mills; :Smut Machines;
French Burr Mill Stones. min 'roue, Mill Screws , cast ir"
Proof Staffs.
t. • '
Ile‘also keeps an band, Bolting Cloths, Flax Belting, - , n d
/di articles in the
Order. filled witb dispatehT.
-~==
I m741.3m ,s.