II IQ U II , lie .General Assembly,. - and perform kixeh other duties as may be i,njoined up tin him by law. '7'8E0.19. The Secretary of InTernal M.; fairs shall exercise all the powers and :perform all the duties of the Surveyor General, subject to'such changes as shall be made bylaw. Ells department shall embrace a burea of industrial statistics, and ho shall dise urge such duties relat ing 4 7 3 to corporal as. to the charitable in.- stitptions, the agricultural, In anufaetur . ing; mining, mlnerali timber and Other - material f . ,or, business - interests , of the State as may% be prescribed by law.- - 4. e ' shatlattntuilly, and at such other times tis may be - required by law, make report, to the General Assembly. l 1 0 „,, l e ; 2 8 t O r . u T e t h i o e n Superintendent o n f l P l t u l b l e - Ti 0,,e._ rs and performitll the duties of the 67 Strintendent of Common Schools, Oa tosuch changes as shall be made by eve. See. 21. The term of the Secretary of Intetrnal Affairs shall ho four years, of the Auditor General, three years, and of the State Treasurer two years..' These officers.shilltbe chosen by the qualified electors of the State at general elections. lio person elected to the office of Audi tor-General or State Treasurer shall be capable of holding the same office for two consecutive terms. Sae. 2.2. The , present Great Seal of Pennsylvania shall be the seal of the State.. -_,.. All commissions shall be lathe name and tif-ths authority of the Common wealth of Pennsylvania, and be sealed with the State seal and signed by the Governor. . ARTICLE V. • THE JUDICIART . . SECTIois 1 1 . The judicial power of this Commonwealth shalt be vested in a Supreme Court, in Courts of Common Pleas, Courts of Oyer and Terminer and General Jail De livery, Courts of Quarter Sessions of the Peace, Orphans' Courts, Magistrates'-Courts, and in such other Courts as the General As sembly may from time to time establish. - - '''~SEC. 2. The Supreme Court shall consist of seven Judges,, who shall lid elected by the mialified electors of the State at large. They shall hold their offices for the term of tweuty,one, years, if they so long behave themselves well s but shall not be again ell sgibres-s-The Judge whose commission shall ','' first expire Shall tie Chief Justice, and there after .. each Judge whose commission shall first expire shall in turn ho Chief Justice. '' Ste: 3. The jurisdiction of the Supreme Court shall extend over the , State, and the 'Judges thereof shall, by virtue of their offi ces, be justices of oyer and terminer and general jail delivery In the several counties; they shall have of igmal jurisdiction in cases of injunction, and; where r i corporation is a party.defendlint; of habeas eofpus, of -man damus, and tocourts of inferior jurisdic tion; - and in ease ease' of quo warranto, as to all Officers of the Commonwealth whose jurisdiction extends over the State, but shall ziot exercise any other original jurisdiction. They shall have appellate jurisdiction by appeal,. certiorari or writ of error in'all ca l scs, as is now or . may hereafter be provided by law. - Sim' 4. Until otherwise directed by law, the Courts of Common Pleas shall continue its, at present established, except as herein changed. ' Not more than four counties shall at any time be included in. otie judicial dis trict organized for said Courts. SEC. G. Whenever a COWAN shall'cantain forty thousand inhabitants it shall consti tute a separate judicial district, and shall - , elect one Judge learned lathe-law; and the - Igt;ltertil Assembly shall Provide for addition al-l Judges es the business of the said districts may require. Counties containing a popu latioieless than is sufficient to constitute sep arate districts shall be formed into conve nient single districts,- or, if necessary, may be attached to contiguous districts, as the General Assembly may provide. The office of Associate Judie, not learned in the law, is abolished i L li counties forming separate districts; but the several Associate Judges - in office when this Constitution shall be adopted shall serve for their unexpired terms. Ste. 6:' In the counties of Philadelphia and Allegheny all the jurisdiction and pow ers now vested in the District Courts and Courts of Common Pleas, subject to such changes as may be' inside by this Constitu tion or by law, shall he in Philadelphia vest-, ed in four, and in Allegheny in two distinct and separate cpurts of equal and co.ordi , nate jurisdiction, composed of three Judges each. The said courts in Philadelohiashall _. . _tes,AcksitileAlr,ssimtely the Court of s er one, number two, number three, and number four, and in Al legheny as the Court of Common;P l eas num. her one andnumber two; but the number of said courts may be by law increased from time to time, and shall ba,in like mannertes igniited by successive uti m i .ss...4sssr - 111 rosy cdu fl ft W - fiefe - the establishment of an Addl ., tional court may, be authorized by law, may be bun -eased from time to time; and when: ever such ineifease shall amount in the Ivliole to three,-such three Judges shall compose a distinct; and separate court mum aforesaid, which shall be numbered as aforesaid. In Philadelphia all suits shall "be instituted in the said 'Courts of Common Pleas,, without. designating the number of sldd 4eurt; and the several courts shall distribute and up portion the busineSs among them in such a manner as shall be provided by rules of - court; and each colia-to' which any suit .Shall thus be assigned shall have exclusive jurisdiction thereof, subject to change of venue, as shall be provided by law. In Al legheny each courtsehall have exclusive ju: risdiction of all proceedings at law and .in ' equity commencedthereinssubject to change of yenue as may be rovided by law. SEC. 7. For Pltili delphia there shall be i one Prothonotary's; thee and one Prothon otary for all said ;e l o rts, to baappointed by the Judges of said courts, and to hold of fice for three yeers; subject to removal by a majority ofthe iiiii Judges. Thesaid Pro thonotary shall appoint - such assistants as may be -necessary land" authorized by said courts; and he tsiid his assistants shall re ceive fixed salaries, to be determined by law, and 'paid by said county. All fees col lected in said offlee'except such as may be, by law due to the ( Commonwealth s shall be paid by the Prothonotary into the county treasury. Each court shall have its sepa rate dockets, except the judgment docket, which shale , contain the judgments mid liens of all the said courts, as is or may be directed by law. SEC. 8. The said courts in the "counties of Philadelphia and Allegheny rspectively t shall, from time to time, in turn, detail one or more of their Judges to hold l he courts of Oyer and Terminer and the Courts of, Quarter Sessions of the Peace of said coup ties in such manner as may be directed by law, .. ' Ste. 9. Judges of the Courtsi off Common / Pleas learned in the law shall be LlTudif,es of the Courts of 'Oyer and Terminer, Qearter Sessions - of the Peace, and General Jail De • livery l and of the Orphans' Court, and'wi th in their respective districts shall be Justices of the Peace as to criminal matters. ' SEC. 10.. The Judges of the Courts:of Coin. mon Pleas, within - their ressective counties, shall have power to issue writs of esrtiorari to Justices of the Peace and other info.", . riot's courts not of record, and to cause their' proceedings to be brought before theta and t right and justice to be done. SEC. 11. - Except as otherwise provided in this Constitution, ;Justices of the Peace or Aldermen shall be elected in the several wards, districts, boroughs}hod townships at the -time- of the electi s trfi of constables by the qualified electors thereof, ins Such man.' nor as shall be directed by law, and sledl be, commissioned by the Governor for a term' of five years. No township, ward, district,' or borough 'shall elect more 016 two Jus tices of the Peace or Aldermen without the consentssf a mejority of the (piddled elec tors within such township, ward, or bor ough; np person shall be elected to such of. lice unl,sti he shall have resided 'within the tewnshiP,_borough, ward, or district for one' year next preceding his election. In cities containlig over fifty thousand inhabitants not more than one.Aidermau shall be elect . ed in each-ward or distri,v. • . Site. lz, In 'Philadelphia There „shall be - established, for_ elicit 45;(000 inhabitants, ono • k 'Court nett" Of _ record, , of. police nud civil causes, with jurisdiction not exceeding ono hundred dollars. Suckamitts shall be held by magistrates whose tern" of 'office shall be . live years; and they shall be elected_on gen eral ticket by the qualified voters at -large; and in the election of the said 'magistrates no voter shall vote fisti more titan two-thirds of the number of persons to be elected when ;bore than one are to be chosen.. They shall be compensated only by fixed salaries, to be: slid by the said county; and shall exercise ch jurisdiction, civil and criminal, except as herein provided, as is 'now exercised _by Aldermen, subject to such Cheugen, not in - - solving au 'increase of civil jurisdiction ,CIP - conferring politie:sl 'duties, as may be made by Jaw; in Philadelphia the office of Al . clerman Is abolished, ' . , t3gc, n, Ali too, goo,. owl mollies -111 said'Coqts shall be pnid , into the county treasury . .. -.- . • SEC. 14. In all cases Of 431111kMart ticin in this Couunbni - ealth; or of -pitlgtuent in suiffor a penalty before a: niatiptra,t&or court not of record; either Party , :puty, ap peal to such court of record 4-5 may be.pre scrihed by law,2up.on.alloivnttee t.sf the np pollute court or judge thereof,' Opon' , 6 - ause - - - All Judges required cf.bel earned in the law, except_ the Judges. ot the., Sti-_ preniheourt; shall be-elected - by the tied eleetors of thaespective districts over - which they are to preStile, and shall hold their offices for the period, of ten years; theYsball :so long behave themselves - well; but for any reasonable cause, - which ,shall sufficient ground for : impeachment, the Governor may retrieve any Of them on the address of two-thirds of each .house of the General "Asiernbly. Sue. •10. Whenever, two_Jmiggs_of the Su. preme Court arelo 'be chosen for the Same , term of service, each voter shall votelfor one only; and when three are to be chbsen, he shalt vote for no more than two. The candidate highest,in vote shall" be ,declared. elected. - • SEC. 17. Should buy two or more Judges Of the Supreme Court, or any 'two or more Judges, of the Court of Compton Pleas for the -same district be elected at the same time, they shall, as. soon after the electien as convenient, cast lots for priority of com mission, and certify the,reSult to the Gov ernor, issuelheir commission* in aebordance therewith. - Sue. IS. The Judges' of the Supreme Court and the Judges of the several Courts ' CommOn Pleas.-andhall other Judges re quired to be learned 'in the laW, shall, at stated times, receive for their services an adequate'compensation, which shall be fixed by law and paid by the State. ' They shall receive no Other compensation, fees, or per quisites of office for their services from tiny source, nor, bold any other °filed of profit under the United States, this State, or any other State. SEO. 19. :The Judgei of the Supreme Court, during their continuance in office, shall reside within this Commonwealth; and the other Judges, during their continuance in office, shall reside within the district for which they shall be respectively elected. litr.o. 20. The several Courts of Common Pleas, besides the powers. herein conferred, shall have and exercise within their respect, ive diltricts, subject to such changes as may be made by law, such chancery powers as are now vested by law in the several Courts of Common Pleas of this Commonwealth, or as may hereafter be conferred upon them by law. SEC. 21. No duties shall be imposed by law upon the Supreme Court or any -of the' JUdges thereof except such as , are judicial, nbr shall any of the Judges thereof exer cise any power of appointment except as herein provided. The Court of Nisi Prias is hereby abolished, and rid court of origi nal jurisdiction to be presided over by any one or more of the Judges of the Supreme Court shall be established. Sue. 22. In every county wherein the population shall exceed one hundred and fifty thousand the General 'Assembly shall, and in any other county May, establish a separate Orphans' Court, to , consist of one or more Judges; who shall be learned in the law, which court shall exercise aU the kills t diction: and powers now vested in, or which May hereafter be conferred upon, the Or- ' phinas' Courts, and thereupon the jurisdic tion of the Judges of the Court of Common Pleas within such county in Orphans' Court'. proceedings shall cease and determine. In any county in which a separate Orphans' Court shall be established, the Register of Wills shall be clerk of such court, and sub ject to its direction in all matters pertaining to his office. Ile may appoint, assistant clerks, but only with the consent and up-. proval of said court. All accounts filed with him as register or as clerk of the said separate Orphans' Court shall be audited by the court without expense to parties, except where all parties in interest in a pending proceeditig shall nominate an auditor whom the court may, in its discretion, appoint:— In every county Orphans' Courts shall -pos sess all the powers and jurisdiction of a Register's Court, and separate liegistere Courts are hereby abolished. SEC. 23. The style of all process shall be' "`Tie Commonwealth of Pennsylvania."—; All prosecutions shall be carried on in the name and by the authority of the Common wealth of Pennsylvania, and conclude against the peace and dignity of the same. SEC. 24. In all cases of felonious homi cide, and in such other criminal cases as may be provided for - by law,- the accused, utter conviction and sentence, may remove the indictment, record, and all proceedings to the Supreme Court for review. SEC. 25. AnAvacaucy happening by death, resignation, or otherwise in any court of rec ord shall be filled by appointment bsr the Governor, to..contiaa...Arn„,-1--.. , tellist - gentral erection whien snail occur three or more mouths after the happening of such vacan cy. -Sue. 20. All laws relating to courts shall be general and of uniform operation, and the organization, jurisdiction and powers of all courts of the same class or grade, so far as regulated by i law, and I the force and cf feet of the prom's and judgments of such courts shall be uniform; and the General Assembly is hereby prohibited from crea ting other courts to exercise the powers vest ed by this Constitution in the Judges of the Courts of Common Pleas and Orpheus' Courts. SEC. 27. The parties, by agreement filed, may, in any civil case, dispense with trial j b jury and submit the decision' of such case to the court having jurisdiction there of, and such court shall hear and determine the same; and- the judgment thereon shall be subject to writ of error as in other cases. ARTICLE VI. IMPEACEMEET AND REMOVAL FECAL OFFICE. &arum 1. The House of Representatives shall have the sole power of impeachment. SEc. 2. All impeachments shall be tried by the senate. When sitting for that pur pose, the Senators shall be upon oath or af firmation. No person • shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of the members present. SEC. 3. The Governorand all other civil of ficers shall be liable to impeachment for any misdemeanor in office, but judgment in Such cases shall not extend further than to remo val from effiee and disqualification to hold any office of trust or profit under this Com monwealth; the person , accused, whether convicted or acquitted, shall nevertheless be liable to indictment, trial, judgment, and punishment according to law. Snr. 4. All officers shall hold their offices on the condition that they behave themselves well while in office, and shall be removed on conviction of misbehavior tn office or of any infamous crime. Appointed officers other than Judges of the courts of record and the Superintendent of Public Instruction may be removed at the pleasure of the power by which they shall have been appointed. All officers, "elected by the people', except Governor,' Liig , t'ttennnt Governor, members of the Gen er;il Assembly, and Judges of the courts of record learned in the law, shall be removed by the Governor for reasonable cause, after due notice and full hearing, ou the address of two-thirds of the Senate. ARTICLE VII. • o-iTri OF orricE. SEcerrox 1. Senators and Representatives and all judicial, State, and county officers shall, before entering on the duties of their respective offices, take and subscribe the fol lowing oath or of e, " I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will 'support, obey, and defend. the Consti tution of the United States and the Consti tution of this Commonwealtlf,,:and that, I will di. - icharge the duties of my office with fidelity; that I have not paid - orcontribu ted, oil promised to pay or contribute, either directly or indirectly, any money, or other valuable thing, to pro Cure my _nomination or election, (or appointment,) except for nec essary and proper expenses expressly au- Iliiirized by law; that I have net knowtngly violated any election laW of this Common wealth, or procured it to' be dons by 'others in my behalf; that I will not knowingly're. ceive, directly or indirectly, any money or other valuable thing for the perforniance or nonperformance of any aet or duty pertain ing to my office, other than the compensa tion allowed by law." - ' - - The foregoing oath shall be, adminiStered by • some person• authorized to- administer• oaths, and in the case of State officers and Judges of the Supreme Court, shall-be - filed In-the office of the Secretary of the • Com-, - rnonWeal tb, and-in the case of other judicial and county officers in the office of the Pro , thonotary of the county in which the same is taken.- Any person refusing to take said oath or affirmation .shall;-forfeit .his office, and any person who :aball be convicted, of 'having sworn or affirmed falselyor.Of hay ing violated said oath _or' offirmittioti ; shalt be guilty-of perjt ry, 'and be forever lfa from bolgrog sox ; office' of trust or, profit'wituin'this Vommotivigalth. - , • The oath - to the members= of : the Senate tittd LOcill 4 P of RePrekelltfinYgl. Ail: fie ad= Pleteterell one Of the ,Tridgesi' of tite . :Sti• prone 'Court or • ofra,"Cohrt of .Counnon Plead lea ; neti ,the 1 . 4 n. in. the liall;af the house to , Wilde i tliefagmliertishall eleCted. 41,11.1 1 1,CLE e SIIFOP - A. ot , , 4:1 1 71) Ziti!*,461i01 4 16, , . S.r.ovrow ILl:llvery,„tuttle`citizen twentiOne rats of age; possessing the -follosilnglitial ifications, lie entitle ti tit vote at all elections: • , Ife-sliall have been , citizen ofs, the United,States atleast one , asofitlessss.s„, Second: Itnsliallluive resided .in the State, one year (or; • if haiing PreViotisly `.been'•it qualiaisd elector - or -riatlVe lien _citizen 'of = the Stato, s he shall linve renioved therefrem `and fettirned;',theri Six Months) ititmcdiately, preeeding the election:' • , Thirds- Me-Shall have resided , iti the, klec tion,distriet- wherehe shall Offer to Vote 'at least two months huniediatelypreceding the, election, , • , • r Fourth. If twenty-two Years of 'age or up ward, he Shall have ; nild within two years al State or county, tax, .which, shall ba•ve been assessed at least two ;:months And paid - at least one niontli before the, ,election . See. 2. The general election filial! he-beld annually on the Tuesday,next ] foilowleg the first Monday of November, but-the General Assembly may. by law fix. a 'different two-thirds of all the menibersiof each house - consenting thereto': _ , SEC: •8. All eleCtiol39 . for city, Witra,-Nor ough, and township officers, for, regular' terms of service, shall be held on the third_ Tuesday of - Febritary. SEc. 4. All elections by the citizens shall, Ibe by ballot. Every ballot voted' shall' be numbered in the order in •which,it-sliall be ' received; and the number se:corded by the election• officers on thelist of voters; oppo site the name of the elector who presents the ballot. - Any elector may Write his name" upon his ticket, or cause the _Brune --to' be written thereon and attested by a citizen of 1 , the district. The election 'officers' Alan be sworn or affirmed not to disclose how 'any elector shall have voted - unless required to do so as witnesses in ajudicial -proceeding. SEC. 5. Electors shall in all: cases' except , treason, felony, and breach of surety of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendanee on elections and in going to and returning therefrom. SEC. 0. Whenever any -of the qualified electors of this Commonwealth shall be in actual military service, under a requisition from the President of the United States or by the authority of this Cominonwealth, such electors may exercise the right of suf frage in all elections by the citizens,' under such regulations as are or shall be prescribed by law, as fully as if they were present at their usual places of election. • • • SEC. 7. All laws regulating the holding of elections by the citizens or for the registra tion of electors shall be uniform through out the State; but no elector shall be de prived of the privilege of voting by reason of his name not being registered.- SEC. 8. Any' person- who shall give, or promise or oiler to give to an elector, any money, reward, or othersvaluable consider ation for his vote at an election, or for with holding the same, or who shall give or prom ise to give such consideration to any other person or party for such elector's vote, or for the withholding thereof, and any elector who shall receive or. agree to receive, for himself or for another, any money, reward, or other valuable consideration for his vote at an eleetion, or for withholding the same, shall thereby forfeit the right to vote at such election; 'and any elector whose right to: vote shall be challenged for such 'cause be fore the election officers shall be required to swear or'affirm that the matter of thechal- Aenge is Untrue before his vote. ball be, re ceived. SEC. O. Any person who shall, while a candidate for ofliee, be guilty' of bribery, fraud, or willful violation of, any election ' law, shall - be forever disqUalified from hold ing an office of trust or profit in this Com monwealth; and any person convicted of willful violation of the election laws shall, in addition to any penalties provided by law, be deprived of the right of suffrage eh-. solutely 'for a term of four years: .SEC. 10. In trials of contested 'elections, and in, proceedings for the investigation of elections, no person shall be permitted to Withhold his testimony upon the ground that it may criminate himself or subject him to public infamy; but such testimony shall' not afterwards be used against him in any judicial proceeding, except for perjury- in giving such testimony. SEC. 11. Townships and wards of cities or boroughs shall form or be divided into election districts of compact and contiguous territory, in such manner as the Court of Quarter Sessions of the city or county in which the same are located may direct; but districts in Cities of over one hundredthou sand inhabitants shall be divided b, - ) - the Courts of Quarter Sessions havin_g_ jerisdie„s' tion therein whenesies-e*--Reourett and' fifty _..l.Ncoti - ISOM/ have been polled therein; and other election districts whenever the court of the proper county shall be of opinion that the convenience of the electcirs and the public interestsbvill be promoted thereby. SEC. 12. All elections by persons in a rep resentative capacity shall be vrvA VOCE. SEC. 18. For the purpose of voting, no person shall be deemed ,to have gained, a residence by reason of his presence, or lost it by reason of his absence while employed in the service, either civil •or military, of this State or of the United States, nor while engaged in- the nasjgation of the waters' of the State or of the United States, or on the high seas, nor while a student of any insti tution of learning, nor while kept in any poor house or other asylum .at public ex pense,' nor while confined in public prison. SEC. 14. District election boards shall consist of a judge and two inspectors, who shall be chosen annually by the citizens.— Each elector shall have the right to vote for the judge and one inspector, and each-in spector shall appoint one clerk. The first election board - for any new distaict shall be selected and vacancies in election Winds filled as shall be provided bylaw. , Election officers shall be privileged from arkest upon days of election and while engaged in mak ing uptitransmitting returns, except up on wary of a court of record' or judge thereof for an election fraud, fer felony, or lorzyanton breach of the peace. In cities they - May s elaim exemption fro" jury duty during their terms' of service. SEC. 15. No person shall be qualified - to serve as an election officer who ;shall hold, or shall within two months have held any office, appointment, or employment in or under the Government of the United States, or of this State, or of any city or county, or of any municipal, board, commission, or trust in any city, save only justices of the peace and. .aldermen, notaries public, and persons in the militia service of the State; nor shall any election officer be' eligible to any civil office to be filled at an election at which he shall serve, save only to such sub ordinate municipal or local offices below the grade of city or county offices as shall be designated by general law. SEC. 1,0. The Courts of Common Pleas of the several counties of the Commonwealth shall have power within their respective ju risdictions to appoint overseers of eleetion to supervise the proceedings of election of ficers, and to make report to the court as may be required; suck appointments to be made for any district in a city or county, upon petition of five citizens, lawful voters of such election district, setting forth that such appointment ,is a reasonable precaution to secure the purity and fairness of elec tions. Overseers shall -he two in number for an election district, shall be residents therein, and shakl - ,l' be persons qualified to serve upon ,election boards, and in each case members of different political parties.— Whenever the members of an election board• shall differ -in opiuien, the overseers, if they' shall be agreed 'thereon, shall decide the question of difference. 1n appointing over seers of election, all the law judges og the proper court, able to act at the time, Shall concur in the appointments made. . . Sac. The trial and determination of contested elections of electors of 'President and. Vice President, members Of the Gene ral Assembly, and of all public ()Mugs,' whether State, judicial, municipal, or local, shall be by the courts of law, or by one or more of the law judges thereof. The Gen- , eral Assembly shall, by general laW, desig nate the - courts and judges by 'whom the several classes of election contests -shall be tried, and regulate the manner of Iritch and all matters incident thereto; but no such I law assigning jurisdiction, or regulating its exercise, shall apply to any, contest- arising out:of an election held before its paSsage. ARTICLE IX. TAXATION AND FINANCE. I • • SECTION 1. All tat - ea shall be'unifortit up -on the same class of subjects within%the ter; ritorial limits of the tt'llthority. levying the tax, and shall_ be levied and collected under general , laws; but thC General • Assembly may, by general Wyk exempt front taxa• Lion public property.uscd for public pnrpoz Emi t actuZttl•pi aces of religious Avoiship, plac'es' of. burial not held or. used for pitvate or Cur. panne profit, :and institutions of purely puli." lie charity: , 7 • 5Ec..2. - ,411 laws exempting property from taxation; ,othel than the property above enti• *rated, sbalilhe, void.; • • Sec -,it , The power to Mx cerirciratliitiiiiint coikente - Propertxalfall - not ho,Ont*deied nthuspenlied ,bynny. ciiiiti . r4 - ;',Or '' grant Tfe- WitieltAire - Stete shrill be a ,tittity;, '±,-,:,. . • s ~,.. ~„ _ i •Sirv,',4. No debt,shall'irO Created- iiio:6ii• bebalf-'of the State, 'exceptic , atipply ; coral deficiencies of 'reaedue,',repel;inv_nalbk suP - : p`reasinsurecctiOn t • defend-I he. Stat&in-War,- or to pity exiating debt, rotd?ittCdobt--.:6reai , tedloeupply deticiencies , jnYeirentre shell never exceed in the :Coggregiitc - -at ',an one lithe'One'e n rillioof doilera:/ '- ',;'! -. i<li, :. y ~ r.-'• .` :z 0 g• ...&1114W.s„,quthorizing the , horrow-I . 1 0 brz money byland'on - tiqUelfi'et, the IStivie , 'alrill apeeify the f'urpose for iehleh. the Twin e.y tato be,..usedi andthe money sOborrowed shill be. used for the_ perpopo spetideil and ; n n - ' ,other. i ' '• ' —' • '- -., ..' . -`•=. - I T EC. - ft. ' The:credit of I'M COnimonweiltli shall not No pledged:or,loaned to any -hall- vi tirk company,- corporation 6r Ussocla-, ti - nor shiriPM - e Commonwealth beceme, a obit owner or stockholder in any toixiPa p , aasociation; or corporaticin." -2 ,f: , *0: 7. The General :Assembly , shall - not authorize any.counry,• city, borough, town- Alp, or incorporate istrict , to 'beConuke , stockholder _ orn ny; association, or 7corporatiori, or to, obtar , 0r... appropriate Money for or to loan its eredi to any corpo ranation, association, inatitutiOn,*' Or, iudivid - . l. Sue. 3:. The debt of ;any county, city; boi; ough, ,township„school district, ,or other municipality, or Incorporated.' district,' ei- Opt as herein provided, shall-never exceed • seven Per centum ,upon the assessed value of the taxable propertyther*, nor shall any such tuanicipSlity,or district incur any new tight, Or dncrease its indebtedness ~ to an , intount exceeding two - Per eentum' upon, such assessed valuation of propeity - without the assenCof the eleeforn thereof, at a pub lie election, in:such ninnies "as shall' be pro. vided by law; tint 'any city, the debt of which now exceeds seven per, ceritunt. of 'such assessed *aluationonay be' authorized bylaw to increase the same three per cent um in the aggregate at any one time upen such valnation. ' i Sue: Q. The. Commonwealth shall not as-. some the debt; or any part thereof; of •any city,,ccitinty, borough, or township; unless such debt shall have- been contracted to'en able`the State -to repel invasion, suppress demestie insurrection, defend itself in time of war, or -to assist the State in the dis charge of any portion of itspresent indebt epiness. • • , I Sue. 10. Any county, - township, school district, or other municipality incurring any indebtedness, shall, at or before the time of so doing, provide for the collection — of an 'annual tax sufficient to pay the interest-and also the principal thereof within thirty years. 1 SEC. 11. To provide for the payment of the present State debt and any additional debt contracted as aforesaid, the General Assembly shall continue and maintain the , tinking fund sufficient to pay the accruing I interest on • such debt, and annually to re duce the principal thereof by a sum not less than two hundred and fifty thousand dol lars. The said sinking fund shall consist of the proceeds of the sales of the public works qr any part thereof, and of the income or proceeds of the sale of any stocks owned hy the Commonwealth, together with other funds and resources that may be designated by law, and shall be increased from tune to time by assigning to it any part of the taxes or other revenues of the State not required for the ordinary and current expenses of government; and unless in ease of war, in yasion, or insurrection, no part of the said sinking fund shall be used or applied other-- wise than in the extinguishment of, the pub lic debt. , Sue. 12. The moneys of the State, over nil above .the necessary reserve, shall be used in the payment of the debt of the tate, either directly or „through the sinking 'und,and the moneysof the sinking fund shall never be invested in or loaned upon the se curity of anything except the bonds of the Jnited States or of this State, SEC. 13. The moneys held-as necessary re erve shall be limited by law to the amount equired for current expenses, and shall be ecured and kept as may - be provided by aw. Monthly statements shall be published showing the amount of such moneys,-where the same are deposited, and bow secured. SEO. 14: The making of profit out of the public . moneys, or using- the same for an3t purpose not authorized by law, by any offi cer of the State or memher or officer of the General Ass.entW, shall be a misdemeanor, and shall be punished as may be provided by, law, but part of such punishment shall be a disqualification to hold office for a period of not less than five years." ARTICLE X. - - • 1 EDUCATION. Suorrow 1. The General Assembly shall provide for the maintenance and etmost...of a thorough and_eilleivnt---etnrdiren of this o.thn. nitTinwealth, above the age of six years; may - be educated, and shall appropriate at 'least one million dollars each year- fort that purpose. SEC. 2. No money raised for the support of the public schools of the Com monwealth shall be appropriated to or used for the sup port of, any sectarian school. SEC. 3: "Women of twenty-one years of age and upwards shall be eligible to any of-' flee of control or management under the school laws of this State. ARTICLE XI. . MILITIA. . &arum 1. The freemen of this Common wealth shall be armed, organized, and disci:: plined for its -defense when and in such manner as may be directed by law. The General Assembly shall provide for main-. taining the militia by appropriations from the Treasury of the Commonwealth, and may'exempt from military service persons having conscientious scruples against bear ing arms ARTICLE XII. PUBLIC OFFICERS, SECTION" 1. All ofbcers•whose selection Is not provided for in this Constitution shall be elected or appointed as may be directed by law. SEC. 2. No member of Congress from this State, nor any person holding or exercising any office or appointment of trust or profit under the United States, shall at the same time hold or exercise any office in this State to which a salary, fees, or perquisites shall be attached. The General Assembly may by law declare.what offices are incompati ble. SEC. 3. Any person who shall fight a duel or send a challenge for that purpose, or be aider or abettor in fighting a duel, shall be deprived of the right of holding any office of honor or profit in this State, and may be otherwise punished as shall be prescribed by law. ARTICLE XIII. zr L W COUNtIES . SECTION 1. No new county shall be estab lished which shall reduce any county to less than four hundred square mileti, or to less than twenty thousand inhabitants; nor shall any county be formed of less area, or con taining a less population, nor shall any line thereof pass within ten miles of the county seat of any county proposed to be divided. ARTICLE XIV.- COUNTY OFFICERS SECTION 1. County, officers shall Consist of sheriffs, coroners, prothonotaries, resisters of wills, recorders of deedS, commissioners, treasurers, surveyors; auditors, • or control lers, clerks of the courts, district attorneys, and such others as may from , time to time bo established by law; and no sheriff or treasurer shall be eligible for the term next succeeding the one for which he may be elected.. Sic. 2. Conntypfficers shall be elected at the general elections,' and shall hold their offices for the term of three years, begin ning on the first Monday of January next after their election, and until their success-. ors shall be duly qualified. All vacancies not otherwise provided for shall be filled in such manner as may be provided by law. • SEC.' 3.- No person shall be appointed to any office within any county who shalt not have been a citizen and an inhabitant there in one year next before his appointment,• if the county shall have been so long erected; but if it shall not have 'been so long erect ed, then within the limits of the county or counties out- of which it shall have heeii taken. - - SEC. 4. Prothonotaries, - clerks of , the courts, recorders of ,deeds, registers of wills, county surreyork, end sheraffs, shall heel) their 'offices in the county town of the coun ty in which, they respectively shall be offi cers:' - SEC. 5. :The coreriensation of county cera shall be regulated by la*, and all,coun-. ty officers, who are or may be salaried . shall pay 'all fees which They stay, be authorized .to receive into the. treasury of the county or State, as may be directed by law. In counties coritaintag'over one hundred and filly thousand inhabitatitiValleounty,offieers shall be paid by salary, .and no salary of any such officer and •clerks, -- heretufore: paid by fees , shall triet mem(' the ggreiMte amount fees.earned daring his'term and collected btor' for him. , - , See, 5.• The Ganeral'Assehthlf tyro: vide by Jaw for thestriet - accountability "or_ elleonnty,lewasblp, - and borough,.offieers,, as:well for. the - tees whid(cinatbe collided )W114410 blin'oP -4 1 4 .1 . 114iciPtar om colnitt:cinetals O kiikets , iintl fbß i gn:lb ilui,:-:614 11 0,r)t , Alien •- he OTektitt - iti iri"the.yearoao atlyentytfiirei and every third_ -yeai- 'Therent- - 4oftAlod iii.' , the*l'netion of sltiti Offfeeri each iiif l 4 l 4 4 :oo. ol 4;sjiall . Yote for ramie -thints tvio'Filiatin#; , ind'the• three' Orinna -having the' higheatcnnqther_Of ;v0163 nhalt,,ho7elep/ , vaetnip"? lit ".• lie' xiitra,of `county conitnisi3iotier or-cpupt,r audit - 01 .001f filled r hy thn Coitr(Of. Conarani!:-Plbstn of the county itt.l;vhich each viipa,bey...stiftil , 'ear; litlifif-hiii)oilifinerit of :in i.leetProf ' proper lutve voted fOrlhe cOmmissioner p i auditor wyose- place' befilledr! , • - • ARTICLE , X.' l l. ' pyrzEo _Apo',Ory.pporrurt's„,:-,, - ,SErinotl. ejliirtervd, when ever riojOrity of =the, eteelqrs' - tl:llY.;qvi!fi or Irrough haiing a.,p.oppyitiori - , lutist ,ten thousand shall vote' g any general eleeT `t,ion•in 'favor of 'the same SEC. 2. , 111/debt Ann kmt'oontrocted Or 114- bil4y invorrectby, any mitnicipal-commis , sion, except,in pursuance 'of no apprOpria tion_provionsly therefor' bYtlie, ylton 7 „ plaid koveroirkept,; . ; . ^ e/tO. 8. Every , city shall create a sinking /end; which shall be Inv rilably, pledged for the payment of its fond d debt. • ' • ARTICLE' XVI. j", - • • - PRINATE ,coitrortkrioxs. . • _ :fterrON-I.` All existing cbartere, or granti of speCial 'or exclusive 'privileges; , under which a bona llde - organization : shall _not have taken place and business ,commenced in . good faith at the time of 'the adoption of this Constitution; shall thereafter baire'no .- , - SEC. 2,--The General Assembly shall not" , remit the forfeiture of the charter,of ,any' corporation now• existing, or alter,or amend, the same, or pass any other general :.or spe cial law for the benefit of such corporation, except upen the condition that such 'corpo ration shall thereafter hold-its.. charter ,sub ject to the provisions • of this Comititution. Sr.c. 3. The exeicise of Abe tight • of, emi nent domain shall.never be abridged or so Construed as to prevent the General Assent bly.from taking the property and. franchises • t o ‘ f incorporated companies, and subjecting them to public use, the same as the property of individuAls; and the exercise of the po lice power of the State shall 'never be abridged or so construed as to permit cor porations to conduct their business in such manner as to infringe the equal rights of in dividuals or the general well-being• of the State. . ScE. 4. In all elections - for directors, or managers of a corporation each'member, Or shareholder may cast the whole umber of his votes- 'for one candidate, or distribute them upon two or more eandidates,•as he may prefer. - SEC. 6. No foreign corporation shall do any business in this State without having one or more known places of business, and an authorized agent or agents , in the same, upon whom process may be served. BEM 6. No corporation, shall 'engage in any business other than that expressly au thorized in its charter, nor shall it take or hold any real estate, except such as may be necessary and proper for its legitimaterhusi mess. • • . • BEo. 7. No corporation shall issue stocks or bonds except for money, labor done, or money or property actually received; and all,figtitious increase of stock, or indebted ness shall be void., The stock and indebt- c educes of corporations shall not be increased except, in pursuance of general law, nor without consent Of 'the persons holding the larger amount In value of the stock first ob tained at a meeting to be held .after sixty days'-.notice giVen in pursuance of law. Sad. 8. Municipal and other corporations and individuala invested with the privilege of taking private property for public use shall make just compensation for property taken, injured, or.destroyed by the construe- , tion or enlargement of their works, high ways j or improvements, which compensa tion Shall be , paid or secured before such taking, injury / or destruction. , The Gene ral Assembly is hereby prohibited from de priving any person of au appeal from any preliminary assessment 'sf damages against an- such coporations or individuals, made by viewers or other Wise; and'the amount of each damages, in all cases of appeal, shall, on the' demand of either party, be deter mined by a jury according to the course of the common law. SEC. 9. Every banking law shall proilde for the registry and countersigning by an officer of the State, of all notes or bills de signed for circulation,, and that ar i ro secu rity, to the full amount thereof for the re . ii`griar of such notes or bills. Sne. 10: The General Assembly shall have the • power to alter, revoke,, or annul' any charter of incorporation now existing and revocable at the adoption of this Constitu tion, or any that may hereafter be created, whenever in their opinion•it may be injuri ous to the citizens of this CoramonVealth, in such manner, however, that no injustice shall be done to the corporators. • No law hereafter enacted shall create, renew, or ex tend the charter of more than one corpora tion. Sno. 11. No corporate body to possess banking and discounting privileges shall be created or organized in pursuance of any law without three months' previous public notice at the place of the intended location of the intention to apply for such privileges, in such manner as shall be prescribed by law, nor shall a charter for such privilege be granted for a longer period, than twenty years. ' tir.c. 12. -Any association or corporation organized for the- purpose, or any individ ual, shall have this right to construct and maintain. lines of telegraph, within this State, and to connect the same with-.other _lines; and the Gdneral Assembly shall, lai , .. general law of uniform operation, provide reasonable reg lations to give full effect to this Section: o telegraph company shall consolidate;with or hold a controlling inte rest In the stock or bonds of any other tele graph company owning a competing line, or acquire,, by purchase or otherwise, any other competing line of telegraph. - BEO. 13. The term "corporations," as used in this article, shall be construed to in clude all. joint stock companies or associa tions having any of the powers or privileges of- corporations not possessed by individuals or partnerships. ' AIMICILE XVII. lIALLBOADS AND CANALS BECTION 1. All railroads and canals shall be public highways, and all railroad and canal companies shall be conanon curlers. Any association or corporation or. ganized for the purpoSe sfiall have the right to con struct and operate a railroad between any points with in this State and to, connect!at the State lino with rail- roads of other States. Every railroad company shall have the right with its road to intersect, connect with, or cross any other railroad, and shall' receive and transport each the others' passengers, tonnage, and cars, loaded or empty, without delay or discrimination. Sco. 2. Every railroad and canal corporation organ ized in this State shall maintain an - oftleo therein, where transfers of its•stock shall be made, and where its books shall be kept for inspection by any stockhold. er or creditor of such corporation, in which shall be recorded the amount of bapital stock subscribed or paid in, and by Whom, the names of the owners of its stock and the amount owned by them, respectively, the•transfers of said stock, and the names and places of residence of its officers. - SEC. S. All individuals, ACHOCidiOUS, end Corpora tions shall have equal right to have persons and prop erty transported over railroads and canals, and noun doe or unreasonable discrimination shall be Made in charges for or in facilities for transportation of freight or passengers within the•State,or coming fronlor going to any other ,State. Persons and, property transport: ed over any railroad shall be delivered at any -station at charges not exceeding the charges for trtu of person. and property of the same class m'the sumo direction to any more distant station; but eX cutsion'alla CO mulatimallakets may be issued At sPccialrates. 811 c, 4. No rail cad, Canal, or other corporathan, or the lessees, purch. -ors,. or managers of any railroad Or canal corporatio 1, shall consolidate the stock, prop erty, or franchises of such corporation with, or 'crisp or purchase the w. lie or franchises of, or ip any way ,control any other r • iiroad or canal corporation owning or having' under. i 'control a parallel or competing llues nor shall any officer 'of such railroad or canal Corporation act as n carer of any other railroad or canal corporatinti: ning or, having the centred of a parallel or coptjamin t line, and the questeen whether railroads :orl-efifillia a parallel or competing lines shall, whenollistioncied by •the party complainant, be decided by it, jury in other Civil issues. 1.3E0. 6. No incorporated company doing the bust. nera of a common cartier'shall, directly or indirectly, Proirecuto or engage in mining or manufactoring ar ticles for transportation over its works, per shall such Company, directly - or indirectly, engage , In any other business than thatef common carriers, - or hold ae - (infra Janda, freehold or,leaiiiihdid, directly - or • iudi re-illy, except such iss shall bp necessary or carrying do • ite _business; but any mining or manufacturing company-may carry the- products - of Ita mines anti ,nlannfactoriea on its railroad or canal not exceeding fifty miles in length. - Ste. 0. No president, director, oillcer, agent, or em ployee of-any railroad-or - canal coMpany shod bolo tees/at:U.' directly or indirectly, in the farbialling of • matorial or supplies to suclf,company; orin the bush. ness ur-truntip.rtation as a cortunon carrier of freight or patsengers over the works owned, leaScd. controlled Or worked by such company. • ,• • - ' iisc. 7. No thscriminatiOn in charges or facilities for tranaporist-on shall be_ trirde between transportation eompardes and ludividnala; or in ,fiver of either, by abatenle lit. drawback, or oiherivise, and no - railroad or canal company. or any lessee, _manner, or era-' ployee them of shay make any preferences in furnish- - I-rig Cala or sa,trre power: - - • .pigs: o^ Ne - riqtrtvd, railway or other traimPortation company shall g.aut tree passes or passes , at a dia;" omit, to ro.y.pvraortir except odicora or empioren of the compiiy. - SEC. C. No etreet passenger, railway 'shall be con structed within ft, Moira of any city, borough Or' - township without the consent Of•ita local , nethoritida. No ralliwad, canal .0" other trananortatiore OompaitY.'in,e/r4tencoatlthb,inne orttie`suloptibri of ton'Orttele. Plait baVO.U4o.kiepelit , of *riylattrOlOgiV , ration' by general. or apeciti lawn, exectijt on condition _.. :---: "i...' opfidinie •;•011 , • 'of cornileta . P6coPtiitle et ttli ple Jrr •• 4rticle.; 2 _;.. 7 . , _ .., • - ~• q 7-. ‘ - d 0 00 , of 010003. , o,4l.;:iw4o7eistfifirnyersAin-, 2li c , l ii t a Olittir" - .4it0: 0 0 1- lergliOefirtgra Mt ' r-40A""`" -7tlieji"ii.e6ll4)is:: lionsigotrilad i anliptitilol4l 4 Vicitie "1 1 /. o f. Tuterol are - ) 40 1 0 ritAtiltertr01/1-41. the *an t tk r, iv i gion , ov er Airstri, - , , y,liti - - OWE: belik*.gort4o,lll,olplumatio;llo them;sub,loolo OW re . imiattiMiAti . .a , ... thaio., iitgar 4 1 i VIVVOTe4 3 )Y iaWll4lailti Oa!!:,:inaliberatitry. lini t l reports now:requtre4 is be Onulet „ iv 6 „1„, -too roquiro - spelt rrperts„ arimv time upan _ „ _ , joutlelittiug ,to the littsturee of: tialls, ,: t„om,Pisztle 7, B .. r_r, ol l , Amy' ofilloer I7V 91 1 10tfil VielreOt -" .' - 1 - i - ' - briv' ,„..tig0...1.2.....The Gawkrat.tesp.olitx sb4 Let) orre,. , prdpifistif KtTillittoettliA pro:riklmis of thtsi3rtime, 4 i'l •-, ~ Z-- -''' :.` 'g• ,AAn.cworct. ~ , • . ~ : ‘ , ~," • - - . ~ . _ , , , jaseittottl,,Any. amendment Or.arnendentkto„tbl: toustitntion May. beproposett lit lientitti OrlEVollett, of ItepresentatlYee 'And if-,thettitnieettalkbq agreed to bia.majirity of the mettibera - eta:fed to ettelt float proposed amendment or atnettdments' shall bo; entered tonlluds'journals,- witli”,the -yeas rind se4e 'taken tliereon, and the tascretary. ,Of of. Conintott-• wealth: shilleitinsObertelo - • be published three rra enthsbekciviathe next: wall electlontn at letutt newsPapers4n eVery,Cot t ty snob newspapers 'shall be pnbliabed;, and if, in.-the General Aseenth/$ 'Mat afternnrda ehosetionioh proposed aniendnield - amendthentet shall •'be - agreed by.:a majority Of the liamithers, sleeted . ..to tvleh.hous;,the_ Beeretary,Of the CommunWenlth Omit entire the'same twain to beAmh• `netted 'Jo Itie manner aforesaW•untt proposed' amendment or amendments Shalt he. stibudtted,te the 'qnalifled electors of tlin State in Mich - mainter,and at such ante, at - least three Months 'after being se' agreed to by the two houses, as the timieral Assembly, shall preseribeVand if such atheralthotit 'or 'amendments shall he approved by a pojorty ,cd those voting'tliore ' ou,Sueltnmendinent.o,r amendments ,- shall become a -part of 'the constitutheir-tnitnohmendment am'end month - shall. be submitted oftener than once fti five years; when two or more amendments shall WY - sub= Milted they shall be Voted tiponlieparattly. 69Embuza4., That na inconvenience may,arlio. from the changesin . the constitution of the Commonwealth, and in order to carry the same into complete operation, -it is • hereby declared that: . • • • BECT/ON L This constitution shall' take effect on the Bret day of January, in , the year one' thousand eight. hundred and seveuty•four, for all purposes not Other 'wise provided for therein. - ' " - Bro. 2: All laws in force 'ln _this Commonwealth at the time of theadoption of this constitution net in consistent therewith, and ail rights, actions, proseelk• 'Sone, and contracts, shrill continue as. if this zcotiati-, tution bad not been adopted. ' Sao. 3; At the general election in the years -one thousand eight hundred and seventy-four and one thousand .eight hundred and: seventy•five Senators shall be elected 114,01 districts 'where there shall be vacancies. Those elected in the year one thousand eight hundred and seventY.four shall. serve for two years, and those elected in the,' , year one thousand eight hotindred and' seventy-flve ,shall serve 'for one, year. Senators now elected; and' those whose tem!s are unexpired, shall represent the districts, in whiZ they reside until the end of the terms for which they Were elected. SEC. 4. At the general election in the year one then sand eigut hundred and seventy-six, &matins shall be elected from the even numbered districts to serve for two years, and from - odd numbered districts to serve tor fotir years. • SEC. 4. The first election of Governor under this constitution shall,be at the general election in tue year one thousan eight hundred and- seventy-five, when s Governor shall be slectddlor three years; and the term of the Governor elected in the year ono thou sand eight hundred and seventy-eight , and of those thereafter elected shall be fur fourlears, according to the provisions of this constitution. SEo. 6. At the general election, in the year one Mori :land eight hundred and seventy-four a Lieutenant Governor shall be elected according to the provisions of this constitution: - . : • SEC. 7. Ttie Secretary 'of Internal Affairs shall be elected at the first general election after the adoption of this constitution; and when the said officer shall bo duly, elected and qualified, the office of Surveyor General shall be abolished, and 'the surveyor General in office at the time of the adoption of this constitM.' tion shall continue iu office until the expiration of the term for which he was elected. • 8.--When the Superintendent of Public In struetion shall bo duly qualified, the -office of super intendent of Vommentichoole shall case. • bre. 9., 'Nothing contained in this constitution shall be construed to render any person now holding any. State °Mee for a first official term' ineligible for re election at the end of such term. - ' • . Sao. 10. The - judges of the Supreme Court in offices.- When this constitution shall take effect shall continue until their commissions severally expire: Two judg es in addition to the uumber now' 00M1x , sit , t; the said court Khan be elected at ttn, first , general election af ter the reloption of this coustlimion. Ste.,ll. All comfit of .rete int and all courts which are not specified in is constitution elicit con tinue in existents until the first day 01 Peilleber, in the year one thousand eight liandred and seventy-five, , without abridgment of their, present jurisclietiou, but no longer. 'The Court of Firi.t. Criminal Jurisdiction for the counties of Schuylkill, _Lebanon and Dauphin is hereby abolished; and all causes and proceeditice pending therein in the,county of Schuylkill shall bo tried and,Clisposeil qf in the Courts of Oyer and Ter miner and Quarter Sections of the Peace of said county. Sze. le. The registers' courts 'now in existence shall be abolished on the first day of January next ettecood ing the adoption of Cate constitution. Sol la. The General Assembly shall,at the nextses elan after the adoption of this constitution, designate the several judicial districts as required by this consti tution. The judges' in commission when such desig nation shall be made shall continue. diming their un expired terms judges of the now Matadi( in which they reside. But when _there shall be two judges re siding in the same district. the president judge shall elect to which district he shall be assigned; and the additional law judge shall be assigned to. 'the other district. • SEC.- 1.4..• The General Assembly shall,at the next site- ceeding session after each decennial census, and not i oftener, designate the several judicial districts as re quired by this constitution., • SEc. 16. Judges learned in the law of any court of record holding commissions in force at the adoption of this constitution shall hold their respective offices un til the expiration of the terms for which they were commissioned, and until their successors shall be duly qualified.. The Governor shall commission the presi dent judge of the Court of First Criminal Jneledietion for the amities of Schuylkill, -Lebele”i."e‘ity• - •Deeelr-ben= ineatef_Schnvl- I.lllctiittr fiVirettnexpired term of ms mum „ SEa. DI Alter the expiration of the-term of any president judge of any Court of-Common Pleas in com mission at the adoption of this constitution. the judge of such court learned in the law and oldest in COlrinlifi stun 0.111 be the president judge thereof and when two or more judges are elected at the same time in any ju dicial district, they shall decide by lot which shalt be! president judge; but when the president judge of a? court shall be re-elected he. shall continue to be pres-I ident judge of that court. Associate judges. nett learned iu the law, elected after the - adoption Mire' • :constituffon, shall be commiessioned to hold their offi ces for the term of Ave years front the first day, bf January neat atter their election. - • • • • 81E0. 17, The General Assembly at the first eeeslon after the adoption of this constitution sttailx..and de termine the compensation of the judges of the Su preme Court and of the Judea' of the several judicial distulets of the ConnuenWea'lle and the provisious of the fifteenth section of the nrticie'ou Legislation shall not be deemed inconsistent herewith. Nothing con tained in this constitution shall be held to reduce the compensation now paid to any law judge of this Coin- monweelth now in commission. - SEC. 18. The Cour is of Comialln Pleas in the counties of Philadelphia and Allegheny shall ho composed of ' the president judges of the District Court and Court of Common Pleas of said counties until their efilces shall severally end, and of such other judges as may, from time to time he selected. For the purpose of first organization In Philadelphia the judges of the Court number one shall be Judges Allison, Pierce and Paxson; of the Court number two, • Judges Bare, Mitchell and one other judge to be elec ted; of the Court number three, Judges Ludlow, Fin letter and Lynch, and of the Court number four. Judges Thayer, Briggs and one other judge to be elected. The judge Drat named shall. be the president judge of said courts respectively, and thereafter th presi dent judge Shall be the judge oldest in comm salon; but any president judge re-elected in the s court or district shall continuo to be president judge ereof. ' The additional judges for' Courts numbers wo and four shall be voted for and elected et the first 'general election after the adoption of this constitution in the same manuer as the two additional judges of the Su preme Court, .and they chap decide by lot to which court they shall belong. Their term of office shall commence on the first Monday of January, in the year one thousand eight hundred and seventy-five. PM 19. In the county of Allegheny, for the purpose of first organization under this constitution, the judges of the Court of Common Pleas at the time of the adop tion of this Constitution shall be the judges of the Court number one, and the judges of the District Court at the same date shall be the judges of the Common Pleas number two. The president judge or the Common Pleas End Die ' Wet Courts shalt be president ,judges of said Courts number one and two ,respectively until their aißees shall end, and thereafter the judge oldest in commis sion shall be president judge ; but inypresident judgo re-elected in the same court or district shall continue to be president judge thereof. Sac. l 2o. The organization of the Courts of Common Pleas, under this constitution, for the counties of Phil adelphia and Allegheny. shall take effect on the first Monday of January, one thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, and existing courts in saidicounties sltull continue with their present powers 'and jutiediction until that date; but no new suits shall be instituted in the Courts of Nisi Prins after the adoption of this con stitution, , Sec. 21. ThOeauses and proceedings pending In tin; Court of Nitil Prins, Court of Common Pleas, and Dis triot Conrt in Philadelphia shall bo tried and disposed of fn the Court of Common Pleas. Tho records and dockets of said courts shall be transferred to the Pro thonotary's office of said - county. BEO. 22. The causes end proceedings pfliding in the Court of Common Pleas in the county of Allegheny shall be tried and disposed of iu the court uirmber oNE: end the causes and proceedings pending in the District Court shall bu tried and disposed of In court number TWO, - 'SEe. 23. The Prothonotary of the Cent t of Common Pleas of , Philadelphia shall be first appointed .by the Judges of said court on the first Monday or, Docember. in the year one thousand eight hundred and seventy ,five; and the present Prothonotary of the said Lien - lot Court in said county shall be the Prothonotary of the snid Court of Common Pleas until said date, when his commission shall expire. and the present Clerk of the Court of Oyer and Terminer and Quarter Sessions of the Peace in Philadelphia shall be the _clerk of such court until thd expiration of his pil-sent - eennot, s t on on the that Monday of , Deeeiniair in the year one thonsapd eight hundred matseventy•tive. SEC. 21. lu cities containing over fifty thousand in habitants (except Philadelphia) all -aldermen in oillee at the time of the adoption Cl this constitution shall Continuo in office until the expiration of their coition.- stony. and at the election:for city and ward office, ein the year ore thousand eight hundred and seventy-five one alderman shall be elected In:each ward, as provi ded in this constitution, . is s - SEC. 22. In Philadelphia maxl4frates in Bettor alder men, shall betimseu as required in this constitution at the election fit Sa l y city for city' and ward ogicere in the year ono thou nd eight hundred and seventy - -five; their term of offlqt, stall continence ou the first 3londay of April succeeding their election - . The term of otWe of aldermen iri said city, 'holding or entitled to . coraiidaSions at the titne - of the adoption of this constitution shall not be affected thereby. , SEC. 20. All persons In office in this Commonwealth st,the time' of the adoption of this censtpution, and at the first election-tinder It, shall hold their filipective otticia until the term - for which the havelyeen elected' or -appointed. shall 'expire,. and; until their.eatecessers _Shall be,duly qualified, unless , Otherstise provided in .. this constitution:: . . . . Stc. 27. The uetoritvatticif. of this conatituflon.pre. scribing an oath of office. sLitlitai-e effet•t on and after the Arm , day or January, one thensanit eight lambed I,nd seventy-fl 4. • ' SVc: 29. The terms of office of county ecurditissioners and county anditois cliteen prior to tho yrer one thou sand eight hundred and seventy-titre, •_atria shall not have expired before the, first alonday.of January, in :the year one thousand 'eight hundred unti seventy-41z . 'shell cone or, this day. - Sac. 29. -All State, Comity, city. ward, borough, and township officers in case at the time of the adoption or-this constitution. - utilise comp( wallop la not provi ded for by salaries alone, shall continuo to receive the compensation shoved-them by law until the entrap Aloe of their resreotive terms of office. Stu:. SO. All state and judicial offlori lielototera eteeted, , swortt. affirmed, or !ti pities When this On iattutto„nen tom etreeti shall severe:ly, within-ono month after- such. adoption , tako...and,.suinicribe.. ant oath tor Iffirtaittdn) to gsupport this constitution.; Sto. - 11: The 'General Assembly, otitis diet 49111134 or an noon as may be after this vaityttontlit this °want. to, #4sl the vitae JAW fun za_au'e ddecte - - - , t, - Mhl7llllb ',..ar'4llnatiter - pageatilq this( couven4l,4l. tututletV-!y 'aUtttifttipg the ' iruetaled PObilaylkauta tot%'yhte ,the electors thefe - pf.',' • Allll . ,lekt be .s tathi for all the purr:hoe., ltnere,i•ttleet) 10 diti . ,6OhatittittoU, ard, itt any prat: Wane a t9taVaasr,4l,o tho aume,ehalkbehel4l to tu9tufle tlie;t!out trlesiouet for'the eity• 'Philadelphia. • • • 'AttoOtaik ‘ at•PhtleftelOthiuu tbepirdlday of Norma. bet'. fp tbg7ar -Of our • t-ot d one , ' tttnitaitid.aight,,h dred tukle, eufgAhrehr - ~tEanIPMART ua Tux Conaurawraiart,, . ' • ---'tiett.hteututa, Nyv.lB, ih73. 3 certify that the forteKutuo is a correct; copy of the leVeoilatitutlob;pi•upoatlt-tu•tife"-pewlo the eem raormealth of Pc Cala y tvLauttu , for 014 r • aPPttAa or re 'jeaticoh, At tlaU aiitue,ajipeari. otrieeptd this ("thee. ••-' - 'seiatary ccoriumwoaith. - 7.2,-, • ME _ , ,z . , .",' , ,- 'i. , 'TAN' OM iINANCE - -', - , 'rem eimiattaxrefi,adsateanr,w'entivirptrricei or ra.lefee...- ~- svevada' To, ; v.:velvet-TIRE 91:t&I,Jr:L.Cp y.t.F,CIO2tH, ;711Eneot . , a rag= sieogii" fieainree. - ._ -- • Be a oirtainecrldr Me •Osnietitaliiinixi Cvnrinefen o f ft h e : Cenismattlealth efitlifisyrvania: us/alines : - 1 • 1, Thatthe.lm:tended .thnistitutimnpreparecl by this Cenvelitioln - bo stilitliitted to ti l 6 Wulined .l•leetors of Ane - ComitionWealth for theirid iptiiite or refection, at nd edectioti to.tieflield; on "Ibis - ter:Tuesday 'of De. ts - ematiee Mixt; eataipt as Rerefu Pei ordered :anti di ,rected, the said-election shall -he held nod I ;etinducted .bl' the resider election officers' !tithe severateleclinn diStrietithroughent the Centfritoniveraltii, under all the 1 regulations and.provisione of daisting laws relating to l general elections; and the sterile:of. the several coon .tlps shalt givest least twentyjtaye ` notice Of aiiiitolea• , -don by - preelaintition. -.- , , : -- v- ' ' ' - 2: The Secretary, of-the oranlonsvealth shill,. at. leattwentydaya tefore the said- election, furnish, to the Coredniessionere of _each county, a eufficient - Limn-. ber-of properly pkiared circulars of fristrtietione.--, The Cothreherfouers of-the sevardiconnties'aliall Latour to be printed at. least three times _ea=spy, bat-lota of allirmative,V6tes as there ale voter') iu each -cothity— width° tiatMenumber of negative votes; and. the Said tioraMissiour Shall; at least- five day a before said elec. tion,-cause to be_fairly distributed to the severatelec-_, don districts In their respective counties, the said WO; lots,,tslly-liste, returns,, eirenbirs of instructieinsi'ond such other books and_papess as may be 'necessary. Thal:edit:de stall be printed or written in the follow ingleirrn: ( In the outside the words' • oNew ' Coneddit on ti;',' In the inside for alt. peite,eue giving'- affirmative votealhe• words ' , For the New Cemattutiori,' , and fm• all persona giving negative Votes • the,: words "Against the New Constitution," .. - _.; ,- •• 8. If it shell appear that d majority Of the votes poll ed are for the new Constitution, then it shall be the Constitution of the Ceinanionvrealth of Penneylvanii on and after the first day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand el ht hundred and ,saenty four but it it shall appea that is majority of the votes I polled were against the ne Constitution, then it shall be rejected end be dull an void.: • -- • ,r 4; rive Commissioner's of Election, viz: Edwin H. Pltler, Edwin Browning, John, P. Verree, Henry 8. Hagert, and John Oi James, aril hereby appointed by this) Convention, Who filiall have direction of the elec.- :Con upon this amended constitution in the city_ of Philadelphia. The said. Commlesieners shall be duly sworn oraillrmed to &dorm their dude', with Inver. ttality and fidelity. They • shall also have power to fill vacancles-in their own number. • It 'thrill be the ,duty of s del Commissioners, or a - majority. of them, and they shall have alithority to make a registration of voters for the several election divisions of said city, andloitunish the lists so mile to the election °lacers of each precinct or division; to dietribute the- tickets for said city provided for by,,,thie ordinance to be used at the election; to appoint 4judge and two Inspectors for each election division, i4' whom the election - there ' in shall be held and conducted, and to gith all neces-. sarritistrnetions tothe election oincora mg4rding their dudeetin holding the election andin mailing returns thereof. No person Shall serve as en election- officer wlio,wonld be disqualified under.geetion liti, Articie 8, of the new Constitution. - The general return of the eleation'in the said city shell be opened. conputed and certified before the' said Commissioners, and with • their approval which approval shall to indoraed up on the return. They shall make report, directed to 1 the President of this Convention, of their official as nndor this ordinance and concerning the conduct of the said election within the said City. - The :Trudges and Inspectors aforesaid shall conduct the election - in - all reepects conformably to the gener a election laws-of this Commonwealth, and with like powers and duties to those of ordinary election offj cars. Each Inspector shall appoint one clerk to assist the Boarft.ln the,performauce of ita duties, and all the eleotton officerashall be duly sworn or °farmed according to law, and shall possess all the qualifica tions required by law of eleliaon officers in this Com monwealth. At said else-don any duly qualified elect or who shall be unregistered, shall be permitted to vote upon making proof et- his right to the election officers, acceirding , to the general election laws of this Commonwealth. .Return Inspectors and their clerks and an hourly count of the votes shall be dispensed with, but overseers o election may be selected for Et any precinct by said llection Commissioners, whose 'duties and powers sh Ibe the same as those of Over• seers of election in sal city under existing election laws applicable thereto - - Returns of the election shall be made in said city as -in the case of an election for. Governor, but a triplicate general return for said city shall be made out and forwarded to the President of this Convention at Harrisburg, as is hereinafter pro vided in case of county returns. 5. in each of the Counties of the Commonwealth, (except Fhiladelphiaa the returns of the election shaft be made as in the case of an election for Governer - but the returnjudges in each county shall make o 1 a triplicate county return and transmit the same,vvit • In five days after the election, directed to the Pres - dent of this Convention, at Harrisburg. 1 i - Done in Convention this Third day of Novell:Lb*, in the year of our Lord, one thousand eighthundred and seventy-three.' JNO. H. WALKER, Presicknt. D 6 L. 13111RIE, Clerk. A true copy of ordinance of }submission. 11. S. QUAY, Secretary of the Commonwealth eiy Aiitotor. =s~i~-zxr~r..i",: _~~3~lti~o, PI~NN'A. A. F." BARNES; EDITOR TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 1878. To the Voters of Tioga County. The undersigned desire to call your atten. Lion to the importance of the election,to be, held on the 16th.day of December nextfor the adoption or rejection of the new Con. stitution for this Commonwealth_ framed by the Convention chosen by the people for that purpose. After a careful examination of the instru ment, we do earnestly recommend:4o the voters of this county to vote for the ttdop tion of the Constitution as presented, be lieving as we do that such adoption will greatly promote,tPublic justice and the best interests of the people of the State. In certain sections active opposition is be ing made to its adoption; mainly by persona who have heretofore proftted,by,certain de fects in the old Constitution, Which defects are to a great extent if S not wlholly remedied by the new one. - We desire to urge upon the people of Tiega county the importance of bringing-put every voter. Our people are not contaminated by the selfish consid erations which in some regions will find ex-, pression in opposition; and we think that a careful reading of the proposed new C%n• stitution will secure a vote for its adoption which will be ahnOst if not entirely unani mous. Wellsboro, N0v.:15, 1873. ROPE O. SIMPSON, OhainEall of Rep. Co. Com. - J. W. BAILEY, Chairman of Dem. Co. Com. In the official copy of the proposed new Constitution sent:out by the Secretary of the Commonwealth there was an error .of punctuation in Section 9 of Artible 11., which destroys the sense of the section, and which the Secretary has since corrected.-- The section referred to should read us fol low s: - " SEC. 9. ,The Senate shall, at the belgin ring and close of each regular-session - and' at such other tittles as may be necessary, elect one of its members president pro eem pore, who shall perform the .duties of. the Lieutenant Governor, in any easd of absence or disability of. that officer, and whenever the said °face of Lieutenant auvernor shall be vacant. The House of Representatives shall elect",enc of its members as Speaker. Each - house shall choose its other officers, and, shall judge of the election and-, quali fication 431 its members." , • The Proposed Constitution.- We lay bofore our readers this week the ,full text of the new Constitution, together with the ordinance for submitting it to the vote of the elector,s on the Kith day of next mouth. The iniciposed Constitutidn is a document of the high4st importance to ev-, ery citizen of the State, and we urge every voter into whose hands this paper May fail to study, it attentively in -connection with our. present fundamental law, so that he may be prepared to vote intelligently for that instrument-which he believes will best IVOmote good government and the honest_ and efficient administratiOn of the affairs of the Commonwealth. This is a duty which • every elector owes' to himself and to the State, and it is one which he cannot shirk. with Out diseredit. That'the great Maplily of the people.are dissatisfied ; ith several prominent features . of the present Constitution Is :evident from the vote ' authorizing the ConventTolt , to amend it. The evils of special legislation have grown to, such .proporiinne that we believe the mass of the honest nien of the State- will be glad, to, dry up that fountain of- corruption by `-the adoption ,of the,third article:- of: the ttew-Oortstitution.-:- - - That . artipliLitlone should , luoure the adop 44'4 ,tteinstrument 4 Which it is apa r t' . If ls admirable not only for itaititrictiobe . mien tbelegislatiire branch of the ()e vent. tnent„ bet fur itipositive provhilona. u n d er its operas on ft, would seem to be impossibleto placa t i any 14 1 / 1 13 upon , the statute bunk which hail - never passed beth biiuses of the Leglslature—st acandal, of which the peopl e Of `tilts Sitite'ha%ie litid inure ilnin one eititim pie. ,The c .secgott;. respecting - bribery of rnembera of the 'deo - oral 'Assembly or the o'orruPt tiolieltatlen - of any genera offic ers - NIB recel4e,the sipeere approbation ) f every good citiien. But space would fail- us to ash :attentjoh'io 01:the geed p-oietsjet tbit thfrd'AitiCle. - .W6'etinnenAl It to the - care. ful perusal Of all our; readers. "It-will be noticed that • the provisions re. lacing to the'Gerieral: 'Assembly:WM.4Bo th e upper., lionse te lifty tuembers• and thS lower to twO'hunrilvd. ,' While this a matter of de• tall In regard to which many minds will dif. kr, we belkve the majority will agree with the ConVention that there is safety in a nll• thuds of counselors—or at any rate that :therpis less•danger :of. the success of 'cop ;opt practieesinjan enlarged nuruber of rep. lesentatives. , _ ne good effect of this change *lll be to give 4o each county of the State at' least one representative in the lower house. Under this new deal this cou nty Would. ;be entitled to two representatives,- Whose terms , would -be lengthened to two years: It Will] bit . noticed, in connection with this subject, that the Convention adopt. ed the plan which has worked so well at the West,'_aptflimited the, Legislature to hien. 1 niarse - sSions. _ : . _ As regards4he executive department, it will be seen that the term of the Governor Is lengthened_ to four - years, And that officer Is made ineligible for two consecutive terms. This last provision we regard us one of the weak points of - the instrument; but while we believe it well do little good, it will prob. ably do no hann. It has been frequently proposed to apply this lithitation to the,nt. fice of President, and it may, perhaps, be well to try the experiment In the &rite be. fore its operation is extended over the whole country. ' We would call special attention to Sec tion 10 of the fourth Article. Give us an honest Governor and the previsions of that section, and one great'leak of the public trecisury will be effectually stopped. ,The article upon the judiciary will effect some important changes in 'our judicial eye tern. It provides for the election by the people of two' new Supreme Court Judges, who with their colleagues are to hold office for twenty:one years and be ineligible for re-election: It .further increases the effi ciency of that tribunal lby abolishing the Court of Nisi . Paus, and restricting it tolls legitimate 4 dmies as a court of last resort.— All men conversant with the business of that court will agree that this increase of its working power is needed, and some will be inclined to think_that the Cf:mvention has erred on the - side of moderation in its treat ment .of that subject. The I term of the Judges of the Common Pleas Is fixed at tea years, and they are eligible for re-eleilion, as at present. It will be observed that the plan •of " minority repreSentation" is ap plied to the election-of Judges of the -Su ipreme Court; that is to sayl if - two Judges are to be chosen, each elector can vote for but one, and if three are to be elected lte can vote for but two. This will always tn• sure to the minority party at lesst one Judge at every election of those officers. The smile system is applied by theAew Constitu tion in two other cases—the election , of County Commissioners and. of inspectors of election. In all of these cases. there aro food reasons for the adoption of this Sys tem.. And WA+ . ttaink:, it will.be found to work well. Article VIII. is a most important one, and we believeit, will strike every reader as ad. mirablifrained in every respect but one.— It •/ seeks to' guard jealously the rights of ev ery honest elector, while it throws around the ballet•box every safeguard that experi• ence Luis suggested, and one that is whitest precedent, in this country, at least. :We re• fer to provision of Section four regair• ing the inspectors to number the ballot of each elector to correspond with the number of his name on the-poll-list. It is true that the inspectors are to be sworn to secrecy in the matter; but, to some extent, this system of vot i ing destroys the secret ballot. But -in view of the asserted and suspected frauds in more thsu one city of the State, s the Con• vention concluded that some such plan was necessary to -insure an honest vote. We shall be , glad if this innovation results in that great go‘ . ..ei; but we have small faith is its ; efficacy. II With this exception tile, whole Article commend itself to evey good-citizen. We have not , ipt.ce to day to eperk de. tail of the other Article 9; Some of theta are of. the first Inwortanee, and relate to subjects upon 'which therewilpe great dl• versity of opinion; 'hot we — believe that a careful perusal of them will inane the ma• jority of thoutthtful rea..lers in their favor. Crowded as 'we are for room, we cannot close ‘vititnut •calliog special attention to the brief : Article on education. It is evi• s dent the grand old Commonwealth takesbo step backward in that path. Our. Trouble with Spain, and Cuba. in the estimation of many men the name " Spaniard" ‘ hos come to be synonymous with tianity, petiidy, and cruelty. and the inbutuan butchery of the mew of the Vir gin-ins by the authorities in Cuba will go far to lender that estimate of the Spanish char• . acter universal. This latest piece of Cuban barbarism has excdtai the Cxecratiou of the whole civilized world. The facts of- the ease, so far as at pref-ent known, arc as, follows: The Virginias, a vessel having,. an American igister and fly ing our Hag, was seized Its- n Spanish man of war near the island of Jan'mica a few days Aiwa!, nod taken into the port of Santiago de (üba, w here a-drum-he.id court martial was pr, , mptly held, resulting in the condem nation almost immediate execution of foot• of hoe principal passengers. This watt on the itli instant. On the 7th another hawk of the passengers and crew of the Vir ginins were slain after a prrtended.trial, and On 11. k: 1 1 1111 tiity serrit more of the captives were making ; in all one 'Mildred and eleven awn - w lot, have heen Massacred by the Spanibh autliot ii lea at Santiago. \N mit; thtse 'horrors were taking ElPCs neither our own , t.;overnineut nor thst of Spain t~ as faar-tive. Prompt protests werti 'into pobeti both in Cuba and at )I.adridi and orders were , forwarded front the Bpanish capital enAnnumding the work et blood to stop. But in lipito of this peremptory or der the murders went a enovlenient breakage of :he telegraph between Havana aid Santiago having prevented the trans. mission of the official commands. this writing it is not certain that any of tine prisoners slain Were citizens ut tniy country; but whether they. Were ur nut, it is evident that while sailing under our flag they were entitled to protection by the -Guv ernwent of the United States. - It is also evident that a great iudignity has been IA: ferecl to our flag,, and that our officers 10 Cuba Lave been hindered and iti.-•ulted to the perfOrmunee of _ their duties. -The coarse ry he - pursued-hy our authoritieS - is clear.— , They toast demand_ the promptest repulse II
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