E VOL. XIX. oc,- Agitator., I'uisl.l,llED EVEMY 'lll MUM: 1T j3.S.3ELM.T.IMEd et, am4pp,isr, 7 M. LOT I, • V. 1,00 per annum in advance...4A - - 11.11 . 1•:S OF ADVERTISE 4: - rim. - i 1 ~,1 , 2 in. 3 In. 41u. 71n. 12in 25 In. ___ .-- -- - - ~----- - I; ;; k it 00 $206 $3OO $4OO $OOO $9OO sl4' t q t5O 300 400 500 , 700 11 00 , 16 • ;;;;s 2 t [l3 00 SOD 600 80013 00 18 i )1 0 .0, 250 400 000 700.900 15 00 20 t ,i, n il,4 4 00 000 00010001200 20 00 28 00 Jl,O, f, 01 nOO 12 00 13 00 16 00 25 00 35 f' . ,1,2,01 , .00 12 00 18 00 20 00 22 00 35 00 60 ;1 ,, r 12 00 18 00 25 00 28 00 35 00 60 00 100 .memelits are calculated by the inch in length ..lalllll, and any less space is rated as a full inch. , r , adrertisiments must be paid for before in it on yearly contracts, when half-yearly 0 a., 1.1- 111 :La yauc a will be required. t. i-. 1 Norior4 iu the Editorial columns, on the m cents per line each insertion. N0th ,,,,,it...11.a. iesq than $l. L „-, tier. in Local column, 10 cents per line if re tine me and BO cents for a notice of Ore , aor I. 42 ,- 11\11 - DI , Of MARRIAGES and DEATHS inserted lAA all obituary notices will be charged 10 cents • r I'D I NOTICES. sf/ per cent above regular rates. P,csisb CARDS 5 lines or less, $5,00 per year. Business Cards. I. VICIIELDLR Batchelder & Johnson, I tti..rg of Monuments. Tombstones, Table c , unter- , , &e. Call and aec. Shop, \Valu st., I ufdry, We'labor°, Pa.—July 3, 1872. R. S. Bailey & Soo, I'hODUCE COMMISSION MERCHANTS. I, !:utter a spevialty'. Our hotel and family eliables us to ol.taui the highest market prices and Mail-hint Dairies. No. 3G_Soutli Water 10, A. Redfield, fORNEV AND COUNSELLOR AT LAW.—Collect ms promptly attended to. °Mee over the Puatodke, tie°. W. Merrick Esti.—Wellsboro, Apr. 1, - - C. H. Seymour, i roil:4 EV .ll' LAW, Taiga I`a. All bitaiLleas else pu-tt .1 to iii,....31 , ,, will receile proulpt attentionf— j,ii. I, 1572. • Geo. W. Merrick, , i .,I;NTT AT LAW.-0111ce iu Bowen Si Cone's netoss hiU from Agitator Office, :.1 floor, I'.t --Jan. 1. ldik. Mitchell it Cameron, AT LAW, Claim and Insurance Agents. n. ConvellAc brick block, over oveood's store., Wellaboro, Pa.—Jan. 1, William' A. Stone, l Al' LAW, Omer C. B. Kelley'a Dry Good Itatley'fl block on Main street. .lan 1, 1812. Josiah Emery, 1 AT LAW.— Otti,e opposite Court House, I r,s,l s Block. Williamsport, Pa. All business ~a th altilvie.l to —Jan. 1, C. Strang, 1-I,,w;Ey AT \ k DISTRICT ATTORNEY.— at' , ltll I It. N. IcA. Esq., Welhiburo, Pa.—lnn. I, '72., J. B. Niles, 1111.. sci l'f attimil promptly to bus -. 1111 cl to his rmu iu the comities of Twigs, P•tt , r. Olihm o» the Atmuue.—Wellsboro, Pa., Jno. W. Adams, Li.,EN 1 - AT L kW, rtianetlebl, Tioga co u nty, Ya . tion.4 pr,warty attended to.--Jan. 1, 187% f'. L, Peek, \l -- N AT LAw. Anchit ”. • Bionic/ J no. \V. Guernsey, rY AT I.IIV.—AII bwinroa entrusted to lurn . , 1,1 b.. ott-ndea to.—Othee Ist door sout h 11 r, I.IIEIII s I \ arr's Awe, Tioga,'finga ,oliuty, Pa. 1 M 72.. Armstrong & Linn, JRNEYS AT LAW, Witharusport, Pa 1(. AftmcranNii. • • 'at: rt. LINN Win. B. Smith, = .11111 tithing vzut t the above address will re «c prompt attention. Terms tnoderate.—Knox. Stle, I'a Jan I, Barnes & Roy, —Att lands of Job l'rmting done on [thou. c, and in the best manner. Otheein 11ow ,, Mrs door.—Jan. 1,1872. W. 1). Terbell & Co., %IMLES LE DRUGGIST, and dealers in Wall Paper, ao Lamps, Window Glass, Perfumery, Paints, kr.—Corning, N. V. Jan. 1, 1b72. D. Bacon,.lll. D., t.N AND SURGEON, Ist. door east of Laugh- PadLe—Maiu Street. Will attend promptly to all .1‘; —Wellsboro, Jan. 1, 1872. A. M. Ingham, M. D., AI:F.OPATIIIST, Officelat!bie residence on the Av .l`lo —WalshorO, Pa., Jan. 1, 1872. W. W. Webb, _M. D., !IT , I O TIN gyp SURGEON.—Office—Opening out of coles'a Drug Storo.—Wellsboro, Pa., Jan. Seeley, Coats & Co., Enoxville, Tioga Co., Pa.—Receive money di....00nt notes, and sell drafts on New Collections promptly made. \i S I LEI. OFCCOIR. VINE CRANDALL, DAVID COATB, Knoxville In I 1 2 J. Parkhurst Co., arat_ o 17 E 4, Ell land, Tioga Co., Pa. JOEL PAIIIIIIMMT, lin 1, 1-,72. JOON PARKIIMIST, C. L. PATIISON. Vale House, l'A. A. Yule, Proprie - tne. Thia v,,od condition to accommodate the travel pam,. m a v, 'well or niatmer.—Jan. 1, 1872. l'etrolitini Oeo.Fo, Proprietor.—Good ac uu hi men for both man and beast. Charges rea and good attention given to guests. • I'7'2. Union Hotel. Vk'N [TORN, Proprieter, Wel'shore, I , a..—This pt,a , eitty toeated, nvd 119.4 MI the cenvw ,, I, mum and Least. Charges moderate. =I Wellsboro H 1, r„i, ARIN ST. k TILE ANIII Wellsboro, Pa. SOL. BIINNEL, Prop'r. HotcllAtely kept by 13. B. Holiday. ' x% cll .pare no 'mine to make it a tint- All no , gtagei; arrive nod depart from thia r. , lla , tlerkln attendanve. trt) -- Lis'pry at t. 1-in THE 01 4 1D "TENNSYLVANIA HOUSE" f•i mix known as Hie Townsend House and fqr a tune occupied D. D. Holiday, lies been thlrottady retitled nd repaleed by &1.. rt. o'c3oNNOR, tz)::111 be hippy to accommodate the old friends of Lrnic,. at fiery reasonable Mites. bz I. 1972- ly, Id. R. O'CONNOR. TO TILE FARMERS OF TIOGA COUNT* A3I now building at my manufactory, to Lawreno tOlp , , a .aprter FANNING MILL, . , 1-Birsses the following advantages„... ,) It teparatea rye, oats, rat litter, aed cockle, from wheat. ci1„11 " ( ds us Perfectly. ax seed, takes,p , l lt cleans timothy see t. It de " all other SS ting required of a mill . t r r lnti Mill Is bunt • , o best and most durable tim. style,atid is sold cheap for Cub, or pro. .tr e. - Lnr rened .. z: / ; I will at - Vtqt, t, rvatent sieve, for separating oats from er mills, on reasonable terms. e. Asa. 1 . 1972 . J. H lir ATHEIL Wea' and faint, Prone on the soldier's coml, ah, how can I rest With this shot-shattered head and sabre-pier6dbreast ? DO Comrades, at roll-call, when I shall be sought. - 00 Say I fought till I fell, and fell where I fought;". 00' Wounded and faint. - • , 00 I Oh, that last charge I 00 Right through the dread hellfire of shrapnel and shell. 00 Through without falrring--clear through with a yell; 00, Right in their midst, in the turmoil and gloom, Like heroes we (lathed at the mandate of doom I Oh, that last charge! , . It was duty I Some things are worthless, and some others so good. That nations who buy them pay only in blood; For Freedom and Union each man owes his part, And here I pay my share, all warm from my heart; It is duty! Dying at last! My Mother. dear mother, with meek, teaifel eye, • Farewell and Odd bless you forever and aye tr' Oh, that I now lay on your 'Allowing breast, To breathe my laat sigh on the bosom first preSeed; Dying at last! I am no saint, But, boys, say a prayer. • Tnere's one that begins, "Our Fater," and then says, " Forgive us our sir s;" Dcn't forget that part, say that strongly, and then I'll try to repeat it, and you'll say amen Alt, Pm no asdut I Hark l—there's a shoal Raise me up, comrades I We have couquyed, I know l— ti Up, pon my feet, with my faCe to the Poe I Ah, there flies the flag, with its star-spangles bright, The promise of glory, the symbol of right I • Well may they.shout I F. A. .70H1401; O God of our fathers, our freedom proldng., And tread down robe/Hon, oppression and wrong! 0 land of earth's hope, on thy blood•reddened and I die for the Nation, the Union, and God I Scotch Songs. BY MIS. A. E. If proverbs are the mother-wit of a cotilit tryi, then ballads are its sentiment; they em balm its national pride and its penuliar hu manity just as its honey preserves the flavor and bouquet of its flowers. And of no country is this so true as of Scotland, for its songs are the revelations to us of a peo ple and a country. highly picturesque, and full of the broadest lights and shadows. Where is there a land that piese - nts - .such startling contrasts of thotintnin and moor, of wood and water? and:where a people whose character reveals such antitheses? In their earliest history the trait is remarkable; they lived as rudely as peasants, they fought as if .possessed by the very spirit of chival ry and valor. 'When they abolished •the magnificence and aristocracy of the Papa cy, it was to inaugurate the barest and the most democratic of churches. They were the first to betray Charles Stuart, and the last to lay down arms for the rights of his descendants. They are worldly-wise to a proverb, yet strangely susceptible to ro mance. Their whole history is full of the most abrupt contrasts. The songs of such a people have necessa rily art infinite variety; the color and the perfume of life are in them. A noble, na tional music symbolizes the early virtues of any nation, just as the flowers which were fabled to spring from .tlie blood of gods and heroes indicated the btkuty of their-lives. When the Scotch songs were written, and who wrote the greater part of them, is a question as difficult to answer as the famous Scotch proverb, " Given the Picts, Who Ivere,they? and who now represerits them?' s • The oldest..mariuscript we possess is the Skene MS., which was doubtless written out between the years 1615 *and 1620, and left by the' last descendants of that house to the Faculty of Advocates in Edinburgh about the year 1769. They published a copy of it in 1839, and in it, marked us old, are most of our faYorite melodies. All of them bear the stamp of high antiquity, the aroma of something that has pasSed out of our life; and herein is their charm, for if it could be proved that they'were modern, the heart of Scotland would be bereaved indeed.- The very suggestion that Lady Wardlaw (in the time of Queen Anne) wrote what Coleridge rightly calls d 0., Pa MENEM robbedit of much of its interest until Mr. Aytoun restored it to its place in the affec tions by proving, not only . its undoubted an tiquity, but also discoywng that Sir Pat rick was really a# historical personage.— The ballad describes the expedition that took Alexander's daughter to Norway to marry Eric, king of that country in 1281; and Sir Patrick was probably a leader in it; at any rate Aytoun says his tumulus or grave is still to, be seen on the little island of Stron say, one of the Orcadian grOup over against i - the coast Pf Norway. • I believe that the oldest printed Scotch air is generally conceded to be "hUp in the Morning Early." ' This was a great favorite of Queen Mary, the consort of William the Third, and on one occasion she 4ave great offense to Purcell by preferring its quaint melody and sly humor to his.finished classi cal compositions. Another very ancient melody, and one far too little known, is call ed "Braw, Brawtads." ; Burns has set, to . it words full of a wild, tender luttipiliess; . and the celebrated Dr. Haydn has ;left a manuscript arrangement of the air, - on'which he has inscribed' (doubtless the best English he was master of,) "This one, Dr. Haydn favorite Song:" The'private history of 'Auld Robin Gray' is amusing, and shows how near together are the fountains of mirth and pathos. It was composed by Lady Ann Lindsay just a century ago, to be sung to a very ancient air called" The Bridegroom Greets," of which she was assionately f) ,fond.' The music was exquisit , but the old words were very ob jections )1e; so she determined to give some little history of virtuous distress toils plain tive tones. One day while attempting this in her closet, she called out to her young sister:. " I am writing a ballad, my dear; I am oppressing my heroine,with misfortune; I have sent her Jamie to sea, and broken her father's arm, and made her mother fall sick, and given her auld Robin Gray for a lover; but I wish to load her with a fifth sorrow within the four lines, poor thing!— Help me to one!" " Steal the 'cow, sister Annie," said, the little; Elizabeth; and the' cow was immediately b:/led, and the ballad completed. Lady Ann's charming little ro mance is still suhg, but it was set by a cler gyman called Lewes, in 1828, to the emi nently beautiful melody which is now pop ularly and universally known as " Auld Robin Gray." The remodeling of very ancient ballads and giving them a dress more acceptable to the present day, was on of Burns's greatest, aCcomplishments. ,Even a curoory glance will convince any one that Alidie — songs of , liis arc far the best which take the " oWer word" or burden of some old lilt for their basis. For instance, " The Birks o' Aber feldy," both music and words, has a certain antiquity as far back as 1657; yet the place is still pointed out where Burns sat and wrote this beautifully descriptive song. The met Oily is one of those which close on the sixth of the key, ,a, very favoriteterzahAttiOri in foul aced, and allow seed, and all , . • _ . i• - ---- . .„ . . , Dna'. ‘• . . • • • .. x ~, - ..'....'";.'i-...--, - r ..•„;•-•;; ~,,-.• ~ , ... .„.... , . .-- ' --- ' • ' ' ti 4.4 CP' •-...':: hi , , . ‘ , '• , . , , • • - • 111 I N rl. - ,_ •, 1 . - .. --' 1 : : ..„ :-'-.: . 5 . ,,,, . ~..:,,,., ..' *,, , 4 ,,,4 4 : „ . „ ).1 . 1 ft ar , ..?",c:,.....*,14%....ii*- C1 '44"11114:4 ,.. ' :: : ~ . ' 1 , .. , . . . . lrr -\ Aai ,- '; . . _. • • 0 11:, .. , , 14 '''-"-. - * : -. ... 17 '-" -grr- - 1-- -,.,; - .'t.:' - -;-,IfS A ' • ~1 :. _ . , . , ".' . . _ , , , , - .1 ---- •f•-11 •-' -4 . ,-,....; • • -, 1 .. I 4 , , 'I ' 1' ••-• ' ,- 1 '., -- , - ----.--==....... ------_= - ------ WOUNDED. Let me lie down, Just hero in the shade of this cannon-torn tree; nese. low on the trampled, grass, where I may see The slime of the - combat, anti where t may hear The glad tiny of victory. cheer upon aver; Let me lie down. • : - Ob, it was grand I Like the tempest wo charged, in the trinmph4o share; Tho tempest—its fury and thunder were there; On, on, o'er intrenchmenta, o'er living and 'dead, With the foe undeffoot and our flag overheat!: Oh, it WR3 grand l I'm mustered out I I'm mustered outl -3Ve4 , krn Atethcdist Protestant The g randpld ballad of Sir Patrick Spence, suffered much at the hands of modernizers, and I would like to do my part toward re storing in their original beauty such exqui site lines as these: prace dew on the gewrin lying the fa o' her fairy feet, And like winds in the sunina t er sighing for voice is low find sweet.' These have been verynnady,lsnbly altered to ._ • • "Like gentle dew drops fallirig Alight her fairy feet, And like winds in summer calling Her voice is low and aweet.". Woo of the gieatestpeoullarities `ot Scot LUEZMIII OA song is the capability it posseatiii of expressing by the same notes the most reek, less mirth - and the most prbfound sorrow.•;- , - - Take, , forinSterice, the Ettig,- There efini a young Man.r _Play itirt-the specified time,' and it is the - ve7 essence-Of meshing, railing drollery; play it very slow) aid _tenderly, and it closes like a wail of hopeless sorrow. - A More familiar instance , may be • found in John Anderson My Jo," It, has now ab simileted itself to the measured beauty of ktur,ns's immortaLwords; but so late as 1704 it appeared as a'country dance, with a note , attached which strongly illustrates the man ners of.the timer "The tune is to be played even through once over every- time, so that - Me jint,ontple hare time to take their drink." But better than all of this class is the 'Laird o' Cockpen.' It is comic, pathetic, full of sly humor or mock heroism, according to the words or time in which it is played. It was composed by that Laird of Cockpen who so faithfully accompanied the second Charles in his wanderings, and who, by •his wit and-music beguiled so many hours of the exiled King. Particularly was he.fa• mous for his rendering of the " mirth-pos sessed" old air called `Grose_ and Butter." Chinks was so captivatedwith it that Brose and Butter" lulled him to sleep at night and awoke him In the morning. Af ter the restoration, however, Cockpert with many others was forgotten, and peor and friendless he found it impossible togain the ear of the King.,, Ills musical, talents nev ertheless procured him the friendship of the royal organist, and be vras_pennitted to play the voluntary one day as Charlea wee leav ing Butter' the chapel. "Bross and stayed ' as if by magic the King's retreating steps; in another Minute he was in the organ gal lery. The organist, alarmed, fell on his knees, exclaiming, "It was not ma,- your Majesty, it was not me." " You you!" exclaimed the monarch contemptuously, • "you never could• play anything like that in your life." Then, turning to'his old companion with kindling face, Odds fish! Cockpen, I thought you would have made me dance in the church." Many an estate has been " sold for a song," but the *lands .of Cock-pen were redeemed with one. Many of the Border ballads have a charm that is wholly indescribable. Words and music lilt along as if to the gallop' 9f horses and the jingling of spurs and spears. Who ever (that had heart and ears to hear) listen ed to "-0 Kenmuir's on an' awa' Willie" without longing to mount and gallop by his side? The same active influence accompa nies the Jacobite Songs. "It's up wir the bonnets o' bonnie Dundee" must have filled many a legiOn for Prince Charlie. bear it is to have it chime in the niemoryfor days afterward. The stately rtythrn and march of many of the oldest airsmake them peculiarly suit able for patriotic songs; and Burns took ad vantage of this when he adapted " Scots wha hae", to the air "Hey, tattle taittie." For tradition says that to the spirit-stirring strains of this noble melody Bruce and his heroes marched to the field of Bannock burn. There have been many theories to account for the peculiarities of Scotch music.— " Keep to the black keys" is avery common one. Others affirm that " the Scotch scale is the moderii'diatonic one divested of the fourth and seventh." But sonic of the old est and purest Scotch airs possess both sev enth and fourth. " The Broom of the Cow denknowes" has both; "Ca' the ewes to the knowes" has a most effective seventh.-- and the " Souters of Selkirk" would be lost without its fourth, while the seventh at its close is a definite peculiarity. Mr. Finlay Dun; one of the very best au thorities on Scotch music, points out theye 'mutable similarity between ,the cadences of the most genuine melodies and the an 4 clout music of the Roman Catholic Church. The fine old air called " Tarry woo," alter ed by Dr. Geddes, a Catholic priest, in 17- 37 to " Lewie Gordon," was Once sung in the Catholic Church as a Sanctus and It now appears in Whittaker's " Seraph" as a hymn harmonized far .lo u r N - i -,i;—..,. -- 2,..-a.- these theories affect not its Originality.— Grant all the seven notes of the scale, !flake them fourteen, and they would not account for the keen emotions, the mysterious stir rings, the strange yearnings, these melodies, so wild, so simple, so rich, so various, evoke: No! it is because the musician* lyre has been the musician's kart; because, from the sorrow 'and suffering and all that travail of life has come the child of song. . There is a common impressithat the , playing and pinging of Scotch mite is very ; simple: -- tOn'the coritiary; . Very fnot . `' to the manor born" are able to' inteipret it.— Geminiani is said to have blotted quires of paper in attempting to write a second part to ' The Broom of the Cowdenknowes;" and I am very mu& of the Ettricle Shep herd's opinion,_ who defended its want of range by saying that." human nature never wearies o' its am prime elementary feelings." Christopher North's charge of monotony he says " is nae main correct than to ea' a kin tra level in bonnie gentle ups and downs; twa-three notes may mak' a maist - e beautifu' tune; twa-three bonny knowes a bonny landscape." He, then very pleasantly con trasts it with our modern music - which he says is -the " everlastingly same see 7 saw-- the same slap at the foot of the bill, an' the same scamp* fip—the same helter-skelter across the fiat, and the same cautious riding down the stony declivities." But Scotch songs are beyond criticism from a literary stand-point, for they are mostly the production of a pre-literary jci riod; for the rest we never think of critici sing them; we just receive them and love them.—Christian Union. _ , Two hundred years ago that quaint old writer, Sir Thomas Browne, filled two large volumes with an account of what he con ceived to be " Vulgar Errors"—" Pseudo doxia Epidemica"—and although modern science has done much to diffuse sound kndwledge in regard to the phenomena around.us, yet popular fallacies have not as yet quite disappeared. Even our text books of popular science, and many of our so called scientific papers, continue to propa gate and perpetuate mistakes which may well be classed with the " vulgar error&' of Dr. Browne. Thus, nothing is more com mon than tohear of the tubular character of hair; indeed, almost every one that we meet will, if asked, Wilms that the hairs of :our head are very fine tubes. And yet eve ry hair is a good solid cylinder—a fact pub lished hundreds of times, but which seems to have no effect upon the popular belief.— It is true that a hair, when examined under i the microscope, looks something ke a tube; but then so does a solid metallic ire; a fine needle, for. exaMple. That whie gives rise to , the tubular appearance is gimply t • blight line which is always seen on •t • r cylinder—a stove pipe, for exampl., a common black lead pencil take the hair, however, 1 et' . slice off of the end, •. I 1 we tind-that it is not 1 , • if cut froui the ....,r . disk. Anothe = ugular idea, which has gained very . -i eral ground, is that the moons of Ju s er, cau be seentin a looking-glass; and ' some bright night We try the experiment, we shall actually see Jupiter in the looking glass', accompanied by a very faint star which constantly maintains the same dis tance from the planet. • Further examina tion will show us that every bright starpre sents the same appearance; and if.,we re flect a little upon the phenomenon, we shall see that the so-called moon is only the faint imago of .the star :or. planet' reflected froin the surface of the glass, *while the bright im age reflected from the snrfeee of the mer cury is what we call the star itself. A lamp or candle held before a thick mirror will present precisely the same appearance.-:- smple though the explanation be, however, there are-few errors that have taken a deep er hold 'on the minds of the pseudo-seientl tic than this. Amongst popular fallacies a prominent place must be gtVert to those which arise from i the actual deception of the senses; for neither °Ur eyesight nor our sense of touch is to be absolutely depended Upon. Thus, the beautiful phenomenon kna.wn as "the sun drawing water" is caused pimply by the rays ot 00 3 44 - Piercifig abA iktlfetletida, and rendered more intense by the prevailing gloom. Few people would believe that ac tual measurement of the aunatid moon, when nearthe horizon at rising or setting, vould tilp show that they are then ran& larger, wgLi§oo.44) ^ - : - T10:04' , ,, co,'-,-'-i,k; Popular Fallacies. -,451. even :hen we _ having cut a mine this slice, 7 4'ring, as it would be d of a tube, but a solid NEM than at other times; and yet, allowing for the'difference caused ..by refraction, and which is fop 'slight to be measured by any but the finest Instrimient& 'actual measure, Meat does Oho* that not only their real lint apparent sizes are precisely' the= same at all-times: A.Uotherfallacy which in very prevalent, is that every drop. of water ,contains ions"of animalcules, and thatievery.pelable,' indeed,-every fragment of, solid matter on the face of the globe, is peopled with myri ads of these small creatures. :,For this be lief there ,however, no foundation what ever. So far as anirnalcules are .concerned, most pebbles and, fragments of rocks are barren deserts, especially when dry; and good spring water is, so far as animal life is concerned, a liquid waste. A few stray an- , imalcules may occasionally be found in' the water that we ,drink; but if it is " filled" with, animalcules, ,it is certainly not fit for human use, either as drink or in the .prepa-, ratiOn of food. , • :But while most of the fallacies which we have 'mentioned are due to simple ignorance, there is another class which is based upon a sort of quasi-seientitic information, and which is far more' dangerous. A -g•ood ex. ample of :this is the opinion general(); `held by half-taught chemists that it is to the si liOlous coating - of the grasses and cereals that these plan - 0 owe their priiver of stand ing upright- in' Other words, • that it is to thistthat they owe their stiflhess. =This opiii-, ion bits been atllLrail,y, _held by' many,tkat they hie/64016W „the arlditimri of Silica' land fci* .the'. purpose : of gi!itig stiffness, to the straW`, - . aridl_huslareVentiaig: the indoig, of the, rani;'- NOW, whet we learUthat al most all soil olisists cif at least cnie-half Ica; we shall see the absurdity - of such •ad vice. The truth is that the stiffness of straw is not due to the silica at all, for chemists have dissolved- the silica by means of hydro fluorie,aeld, and removed it completely from the vegetable' stem, without impairing the stiffness of the latter. —.tale's Week>y. HARTRANFT AND HIS DEFAMERS. An Exponure by Thomas V. Cooper. -At the Republican county meeting held at West Chester recently, Thomas V. Coop er, Esq., of Media, was called upon for a speech. -Mr. Cooper is one of 'the editors of the Delaware County Anwricah; - and rep. resented the county in the Legislature last session. His particular topic on "this occa sion was the attempt that has been mtido to break down Gen. Hartrtinft, with the first' stages of which he happened to be person ally, familiar. Mr. Cooper said: "We find that Harthanft is the mark for every venomous arrow, and since he must bear the shock of the battle, it is our duty as good Republicans all the more firmly to stand by him. I for One have good reasons to know that in personal and official iuteg: rity he is really above reproach. Near the Close of the - legislative session of last win ter I was unwillingly brought in contact with those who are - now and were then in conspiracy.againschim in order that they might protect themselves. "One morning I received a note request-. log me to call at one of the rooms of the LoChiel. There I was introduced by one of my constituents, since shown to be one of Evans's securities, to George 0. Evans, ac cused of appropriating $291,000 of the State's money, Dr. Payne, the attorney Stra ban, and others. These parties -desired me to introduce to the House that morningg a series of resolutions chiirging General Liar treat with dishonesty la the management of the auditing department;' and of Mack ey,' chief of the Treasury. They went into a long explanatitin of their proposed move ment, and endeavored to -- pledge me -that if I became its legislative champion my name should be heralded throughout the State and nation as a model reformer. They spoke of their immense power and means— rather of the means backing. them—saying they could control $500,000, not forla tion; oh! no; that was not e. en iit ; but as a moral support in the movement. That this amount and this support would ,come through some channel of reform not named oN described. '"They named a number of newspapers that could be'counted upon to .further and , back the undertaking by glowing articles and such evidences as would at least awa ken suspicion. Among Ike newspapers 'named *Are the New York Sun and 21rib .wnerthe Philadelphia .Press, and Lancaster, Harrisburg, Pittsburg, and other_ papers of. ' large influence. An introduction of their resolutions would be immediately followed by flaming articles from these and other - soOrces, and if necessary the question could be pushed in the Legislature by speeches, and evidence could be produced sufficient to injure Hartranft's chances for nomination and election. When asked for this evi dence, a check or a draft, a note, one or two private letters, and the books of Yerkes & Co. were shown. And an hour's exarai 7 nation convinced me that% nothing in the least degree tangible was presented, and subsequent developments have shown that every atom of testimony bore only upon trivate and personal transactions—that no-. hing in any way connected Hartranft. with I an. improper use of the State funds. When this objection was urged they failed to meet it,.and the party plainly _showed by word and action that - their object was to create - an improper suspicion—this for purposes of their own—this, as they were told, with a view to intimidate Hartranft and prevent any further prosecution of the claims of the State against Evans. When asked to treat the conversation as confidential, I said that i Hartranft ought to know it, that he was a friend, and that I should tell him ;• his after conduct would attest his guilt or innocence. SoMewhat to my surprise, they manifested a sudden willingness that he should be told, and this was confirmation that the whole movement was designed; to scare hint off', from a proper prosecution. A few minutes later I told Hartranft. Ile' replied: ' These parties have - for the past twenty-four hours been trying to 'get some one to introduce their resolutions, and only lakt, night they offered me $58,000 to withdraw the prosecu tion, and I refused. The very lowest amount due the State may be based upon the deci sion or bail fixed by Judge _Pearson, and, that is $lOO,OOO. This prosecution be; withdrawn until the State gets er due, and if these parties want inv.= gation they shell haie it.' That was e substance of what Hartranft said., 'oon followed, (not the introduction , he resolutions of Eyans , & Co., for' i mouton with myself every one apprs ed refused to touch them,) but those quested by., Hartranft,. and those w w , led to the investigations herein liar raft was unanimously acquitted and some of. the Evans ring condemned. "Have I not shown sufficient to satisfy all that there was a conspiracy here?—a con spiracy to betray tile State, ~ if Hartranti would scare; if not, to threaten - his chances as a candidate 'for Governor? ,t Why, the very papers named by these men as pledged to the moral support' of their object, each . and all, with singular,-with more than sus picious unanimity, opposed the State ticket as Lan. as ft was - nominate.' ; Yet , more; this evidence, theti:iii The .Private 'keeping' . of these ma i . has since appeared, the. col umns of the Press, Lancaster Erpress, and other papers' OPposing the ticket. • Who supplied it? - _Who, else "thanthose still bent upon keeping...within their possession ,the $2,91,000 retained as .tiimmissions-forcol leeting the State's war eltdn'ts?,'. , These facts would Vot bi'new to you if you bad' 'oppcirtonity :to :ermine , record; for so much' of this - explanation ash waft then - known to me Was - Made to the Leg- : I, Islature the) - meaning following_ the appear ance of an . article in the: Bun. The only remaining charge, that .Hartranft has en gaged in speculatinrwith thetonds in the Slain Fund, - was successfully' met by the State , when; he invited eol. For-, riCy and alconuaittes. of honest and cotiip tent men to examine his vanitaand accounts. The report of thostivho accepted this inVi tation-.and Col Pornerdidn't—shows that I the there,- and they are the, only pnea,:artroolmegotiablel-- 1 - This optolorOtit boixtlrined s :s ieport'inade by a Senate conMkifteolit,loll, when an at tempt wait Millie th - ese . • bonds and ap ply.the proceeds to thepayment Of the State debt, that repots pronouncing them not ne gotiable everibrtits Statt'whielt was opar .sy to the origindltiOntrtet , whert her public, .works were sOld,'-wid - that committee, it I remember aright, had for Its c3utiontua GE 4SOOpAy,:,SaTEIO.ER,:',IO, 1 8x2.,. Bpchileig, the present competitor of our camitdetktifer Goveraor; • ' I have known Gen,Hartranft for years, hive ifortwo yuare past been associated' with men; wettposted in State politics, and I have yet teklinw any of their number who' do 'not: -belleite ‘lihn personally and officially honest.- 134 reputation has never in my hearing been impeached •by any such, whe ther Democrats or Republicans." , the ,beteeeraey,aed . the South , ' 'What is the truth about the conversion of the Democracy to negro equality. We de sire to give a perfectly candid answer.— This seems to be the state of the case: The Democratic party, us a political organiza tion, accepts the constitutional amendments. as established - , facts just as the South ac cepted the overthrow, of the Confederacy. It:desists - from opposition to them just as the South desisted from the attempt at se cession--;•cenvinced not by. logic,. but by facts. - Tlie.-Cobstitution, 'now gives to the negro ' eqival.civil 'rights !and.; the ,suflrage; mid the Democracy virttiallY ,Isays, "These enactments cannot be repealed, and we promise to-give up trying to repeal them." : This is all very well; .brit it is by no means enough. The Democratic pledge to let the, constitutional- amendments alone does-not meet the ease. The danger of the colored people has• been and is, not'oppression by lawiso much as oppression without law.,-• Their leal states as voters has long beep practically-established;e owe little more, to the•Detnocrety for. v ing that they will i f not interfere with that t an for: voting that access! it must - - not be attempted; or that gratita ion shall. not interfered with. , - What We- do wait is racticali- guaranties: that school - teachers of egroes shall not be driven away; that blac men shalt not be whipped. itUd intirtiered;. that terrorism sup . perted by • occasional violence shall not keep, them in virtual serfdom. Will the. World's party give us any guarantyon that point? The World will probably answer that the danger we indithite is Chiefly imaginary.— Exactly; the consistent and unvarying tone of the World as to the Kuklux outrages as sures the, that it utterly disbelieves in them.' It hes 'never ceased to declare, not simply that they' were exaggerated for' political ef fect, but that they had absolutely no exist ence.l It has ridiculed, unsparingly and un ceasingly, the very idea of any organized terro:lsin - exercised toward the Southern blacks., That is enough for us. We do not impugn the World'a honesty or candor; we only say, If you cannot see what seem ,to us, facts patent as daylight, we must wholly distrast yopr judge - mut Your diagnosis, of the disease is so different freni, ours that we are' unwilling to accept your treatmentl of it. And the World in this fairly represents • the ithole, Democratic party. Its organs and spokesmen, almost without exception, have !always declared not only, that the Ku klux 1 legislation assumed excessive poWer for Congress and the President, but that the evils against which it was directed had no existence. We believe there , never vi: • a more . conspicuous instance of the power - a- partisanship to blind men. That the outrages-on the hlacks have been sometimes exaggerated we do not doubt, but that such outrages, have been practiced on a , wide scale; that they are a constantly impending danger,, that their existence and toleration, are due to prejudices which a thousand Cin cinnati platforms cannot dispel, we hold to be a I well established as any broad factcan be. , Th t the South is in general more lawless and violent than the North; that the lower class of_ whites - are, ill-disposed toward the negroes; that their hostility tends to express itselfin acts ,- this state of things alone woulddot involve all the evil we appre heti& , The additional and worst feature is that tile; better class of whites, the respect obleAiiw-itbiding men on whom in general theerder , 'ef the community depend% are italiffetent and, incredulous, ,as . to the perse vutien,Of..the tiegroes. The fact is sad,' yet not,,Scistr as it at first appears.. .• ,7,„ ' l3 "- 0 .4...0.a.e-the negrof!p ferier phicedly CiPariNWSOMPlaubtailll: cid tattl. false position of equality; he, is the occaiion, an to some extent t he , active cause, - of local misgovernment; he is the symbol -of past defeat and present annoy ance Standing in such en unfavorable light the black man's wrongs make little impression'even on the better class of the 1 COWunity; sad the rowdies and roughs re- ceiv little check from • public -sentiment in thei molestation of him. has in view of 'this tate of things that we are unwilling to 1 in intr st the central government to a. party of which the great mass are simply tolerant of the negro's legal equality as, a fixed fact, and have no.heart in making that equality a practical reality.. . [ , Winn we have said includes the virtual anser to 'the ,W o r ld 's second point—that' 1 host le action on the part of government to war , the negro would be blocked by a Re- 1 pub "can Senate and the Supreme Court.— 1 The danger against which this guaranty is °tie d.we do notdread. It .is not active ,i. ItoSttli, tynn the part of the central govern went .that we, fear; .it is inaction, . indiffer ence, an apathetic neutrality which would held no check over evil influences that only .teed letting alone tome& their mischief: . W,e tatty be asked if we like interference on;the part of Congress and the- President lei 1. press ,outrages like those of the Ku i.t ' kiu . NO, no More than we like bitter rued win •I ' but we would rather have the metla- , I eine than the disease. Further, in theevent of Gen. Grant's re-election, we do not look for Much such interference... If the Repub lican party' triumphs there will. be little need' of 4.. T he simple fact that the Government stands as the avowed friend of the black man, and his protector if necessary,- Will it self be the beat protection. But• should' Mr.-pier:ley be elected, we believe the re sultlwould be accepted—however contrary to his own wishes—by the lower element in the southern white population as a signal of t tat "freeing of the white man" which to their mind means• inferiority of the_ne, gro.. The new President would m‘into Milne with his hands tied by,iii