Et
THE.
POTTER JOURNAL,
PIIIMISAILD SS
Di. W. MI cALAIMEY, Proprietor.
oar Devoted to the cause of Republicanism, the tn•
termite of Agrioclture, the advancement of Education,
apd the best good iii Potter county. Owning no guide
incept that of Principle, it will endeavor to aid in the
work of more fully Freedomiging our Country.
. • 1 ---
Ilar Advertisements inserted at the following rates,
except, where special bargal ne are made. A."squaren
is 10 'ee of Brevler or 8 of Nonpareil types :
- 1 • , : M quare, 1 insertion $1 50
• 1 square, 2or 3 insertions. ------ ......-'. ..... 200
Each subsequent insertion less than 13 40
1 square, 1 year' • 10 00
,
•
Bu4nese Cards, 1 year 5 00
Administrator's or Executor's Notices 800
• Special and Editorial Notices per line.... _. 20
• ear All transient advertisementsmust be paid in
advance, and no notice will be taken of advertisements
from a distance, unless they are accompanied by the
'money or satisfactory reference.
.
fiariob Work, of all kinds, executedwith neatness
and despatch. i . I
BUSINESS NOTICES.
Free and Accepted A
WILALIA LODGE, No
hieetink3 on the 21 an.
plonth. Hall, in the 311 Sto
eg,t3ee.
0. T. F.DLIS t N, M. D.,
•
RACTICING rnystcuLN. Coudersport, Pa.,
P
respectfully informs the citizens of the village and
vicinity that he will ptiomptly respond to all calls for
professional services. ;Office on First street, door
west of his residence. 11740
JOHN S. MANN,
AA tTORNEY AND COUNSELT.OR - AT LAW.
. Coudersport, Pa., will attend the several Courts
to Potter and Cameron counties. All business en
trusted to his care will receive prompt attention.
Office on Main street, in residence.
, OLMSTED and LAITATABEE,
ATTORNETS AT LAW, Coudersport, Penn's.
. Will attend, to all business entrusted to their
mare with promptness and fidelity. Will also attend
the several courts in the adjoining counties. Office
In the second storey of the Olmsted Block.
ISAAC BENSON,
ATTORNEY - AT - LAW, Couder,port, Pa., will
attend to all - business entrusted to him with care
and promptness. Attends Courts of adjoining coun
ties. Office on Second etrect,nenr the Allegany bridge
i'. W. IiNOV,
ATTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR AT LAW,
.Couaeraport„ Pa., .will attend the Ootirta In Dot
er and the adjoitung couuties, •
DULLER di IIicAIARNEY,
TTOR EYI3-AT LAW, Ilsaltisncao, Pentia.—
Agents fur thti Collection of Claims sgaii,st the
United States and rate ore rn ments ,str:.ll as Pensions,
Bonnty,drrearso k.typfix-Address Box 95, .Itirris burg
w 11. miLLEII, J. C. M'ALAILNEY
EL W. .Wc.4.I.A.:IINEY,
"DEAL ESTATE and INSURaNCE AGENT.—
Dv' Land Bought and Sold, Tiles paid and Titles
investigated. I naures propkrty against tit ein the best
companies in the Country, and l'ersonsagain , t And
dents In the Travelers Insurance Company of Hart
ford. . Business transacted promytly
•
P. A.I STEBBINS d• Co.,
MERCIIANT—DeaIers in Dry Goode, Fancy
Goode, Groceries.Provisione,Flour,Feed,Pork,
end everything usually kept in a good country store.
Produce bought and sold 17 29'
Cl IL SL.ILTIONS,
URRCHANTLWELLSVII...LE N. Y., Whole
sale and Retail Dealer in Dry Goods, Fancy and
Staple Goods.Clothinv„Ladi es DressGoods.Groceries,
Flour, Feed,,,Ste, Retailers supplied on liberal terms
'CHARLES S. JONES,
MERCITANTbeaIers in Drugs, Medicines, Paints,
Otis, Fand.• Articles, Stationery, Dry Goods,
Groceries, sce., aim Street, Coudersport, Pa •
11 11 E. OLMSTED,
, -
MERCHANT Dealer in Dry Goods, Ready-made.
Clothing, Crockery, Groceries,. Flour, Feed,
, Procisions,!&c., Main street, Coudersport, Pa --
1
COLLINS SMITH,
NIiZRCIIANTI—, Dealer in Dry Goods. Groceries,
Provisione4 Hardware, Queensware, Cutlery,
and all Goods usually found -in a country store. n'Ol.
•
• • A. J. OLMSTED, '
ARDWAR: Merchant, and Dealer in Stoves,
Tin and Sheet Iron• Ware, Main street, Couder
apart, Pent.'a. 'llia and Sheet Iron Ware made to
order, in good stye, on abort notice.
COIJD IMPORT HOTEL.
NC.VERMI YEA,PRoentsron, Corner of Main
11 - 11 and Secon. streets,Coudersport,Potter Co. Pa.
A Livery Stable m also kept In connection with this
Hotel. Daily Stance to and from the Railroad&
Potter Journal Job-Office
HAVIN G
lately added a fine now assorttent of '
H
JOB-TYPE to our already large assortment,
we are now prepdred to do all kinds of work, cheaply
and with taste and neatness. Orders solicited.
L
YIV~AN HOUSE.
Lewisville, Potter county, Pennsylvania.
"iIifiII7RTOZIT Propriletok.' Having
JD taken this e cellent Hotel, the proprietor wishes
o make the acquaintance of the traveling public and
eels confident of 'giving satisfaction to all who may
all on him.—Fell. 12,66 tf ,
MARBLE WORK
kp i ya I. Monuments and Tomb-Stones
11nds,t' i of all will be furnished on reasona
‘ ,1111!, te MS and short notice by
C. Breunle.
11111 . Res d nee : Enlalla, 1% miles south of
Cond v;port, Pa., on the Sinnemahoning
Road, or leave pours orders at the Post Office. feet
- .111....11 BAILER, '
rENSIGN, BOtil.TY and WAR CLAIM AGENCY
Pensions prociared for Soldiers of the present
ar who are disabled by reason of wounds received
or disease contracted while in the service of the United
States ; and Pensitie, bounty, and arrears of pay iob
tained for widows or heirs of those who have died or
been killed whit In service. All letters of Inquiry
,promptly answer d, and on receipt by mall of a state
ment of - the case f claimant, I will forward the ne
cessary papers fo their signature. Fees in Pension
cases as fixed by law. Refers to lions. Isaac Benson;
A. G. Olmsted, John S. Mann, and F. W. Knox, Esq
DAN BARER,
.
JuneB 6$ - Claim Agent, Coudersport, Pa.
1.'500 Per Year I We
an
everywhereto sell o w urt t ni a ltror n E t D s
. tievidug .M.achines.Three new kinds. Under and
1,,
upper feed. Warranted 1 five years. Above salary
•r large commissions paid. The roux machines sold
In the United Stales for leis than 640,'whielt are fully
licensed by Howe; Wheeler dr. Wilson, Grover & Ba
ker,Singer dr. Co.. do Bschelder. ALT. other cheap ma
chines are infringpments and the seller or user are
labia'to arrest, fine, and imprisonment. Circulars
res. Address, or call upon Shaw & Clark, Blade
feed, Maine, or C. icago, Ill. Den. 26, 1865. iswlY.
Itch Itch ! Itch !
SCRATCH I SCRATCH! SCRATCH !
f
IT
TrintAT l MPS OINTMENT,
Win Cure the Itch in 4S Hours !
Also cares SA T RHEUM ULCERS, CITIL
ELAINS, end all ERUPTIONS OF THE SKIN.
Price 50 cents. F r sale by all drnggists. By sending
Wands to WEE 8 & POTTER, Sole Agents, 170
Waebtagtoo street, Boston, it will be forwarded by
Isla% free of post.:*e,to any part of the United States.
k 14 1,1146. sp.. oars 'wks. lyr. I
. , . .
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THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE.
; i -,--
Fellow- CiVzens of Ithe Senate aid Hone
Representatives:ofen .
i
After a b r i e f internal the Congress of the
United States resumes its annual legislative
laborsl An, all-wisci. and merciful -Provi
denbe :has abateb _the iiestilenCe.which vis'-
ited our shore; leaving its calamitous tra
ces npon some portions of tour -country.
Peace, order, tranquility, and civilauthor
ity have been formally declared to exist
throughout the whole United States. In
all of the Stiles civil authority has super
seded the coercion of arms, and the people,
by th it voluntary action, are:.maintaining
their oVeranients in full activity and corn
t. ,
plete . bperation. . The enforcement of' the
i
laws no longer " obstructed in. any State'
by co binntions too powerful to be• sup
presse by Ithe ordinary course of judicial
i i
proceedings ;" and the animosities engen
dered by the war arerapidly yielding to the
benefieent influences!of our free institutions,
and tn i the kindly effects of unrestricted so
cial and commerciallintercourse. An en
tire restoration of fraternal feeling must be
the earnest.wish of every patriotic heart;
and w will have accomplished our grand
est national achieveMent when,i forgetting
the sad events of the past, and remembering
only their instinctiVe lessons, we resume
our onward career an a free, prosperous, and
united people.l I
lii m l y message or the 4th of Dec. 1865,
Corm' was: informed of the meguires
whicl had been instituted by the'Executive
rss
with a view to the gradual restoration of the
States] which the insurrection occurred to
their relations 'with the general government.
Provsional Governors had been appointed,
Convnntions called, Governors elected, Leg
islatur'es assembled, and Senators and Rep
resentatives chosen to the Congress of the
I Uniteil States. Courts had been opened for
the enforcement of laws long in abeyance.
The.blockade had been remdved, - custom
houses re-established, and the, internal rev
enuejlaws put in fcirce, in order that the
peop? might contribute to the national in
coml.} Postal operationi had been renewed,
and effoits were being made to restorrthem
to the r former condition of efficiency. The
Sta themselves had been asked to take
paft in die high function of amending the
Constitution, and of thus sanctioning the
extindtion of African Slavery as one of the
legiriMa result's of Our inteipecine strug
gle.; I
H. -iri proirkss i eci thus' far,the Executive'
Depa tmbnt found that it had'aecomplished
near]
1. all that Was within the scope of its
Constitutional aithority. Orie thing, how-.
ever, yetremained' to be done before the
work lof restoration could be completed,
and that was the adruisgion to Congress of
I
loyal ISe ators' 'and Representatives from
• the Stat 4 whose people had rebelled against
the lawful authority of the ovneral Govern
men t : 1 1 This question devol;ed upon the re
spective HouseS,which, by the i Constitution,
are +.4 the judges of the elections, returns,
and qualifications of their oWn members;
ane its 4nsideration at ' once= .engaged the
Itteriii , - +f Di - \ -•=s , " - -
elent York Masons
342, F. A. M. Stated'
4th wednesnaysofcach
of the Olmsted Block!
MWDL KEBAB, W.M.
attention in ,ngres.i.
In !the melniime\ the Ekedutive De art
-1 , ' •, ‘ . P‘ ,
ment-=-, no other plan having been proposed
by Cdingress--eontinued its efforts to per
fect, its far as Was praCticable, the restora
tion Of the proper relatinas between citizens
olthsi rpective States; the States, andthe
Federal'overtiment, extending from time
to time, the !public intets seemed to
e s
ir • ,
require, the judicial, revenueand postal sys:
teats of the country With the advice and
consent of the Senate, the necessary officers
were: appointed' and appropriations made
by C egrem foil the payment! of their sala
rim The pro Position to amend the Fede
ral Constitution, so as to prevent the exis
tence nfslaverywithin the United States,or
any place Bubjet, to their jurisdiction, was
ratified by the !requisite number of states;'
and on the 18th day of December, 1865, it
it .
was ocially declared to have become valid
as apart of the! Constitution of the United
States.L All of,lthe States in Which the in
surrection had 'existed promßtly amended
their FonstitutiOns, so as to make them con
form 4, the great change this effected in
the organic laW,!of the land; declared null
and vbid all ordinances and'' laws of seces
sion; iepudiated!all pretende ;debts and oh
ligittkins created for the revolutionary pur
poses lof insurrection; and proceeded, in
good faith, to this enactment of measures for
the protection 4pd amelioration of the con
ditidn; of the colored race. Congress, how
,
ever,:yet hesitated to admit 'sup of these
States to repre4iitation; and It was not un
til the close of the eighth month of the sss
sion that an' xdeption was made in favor of
Tennessee, by the admission of; her Sena
tors; !
and Representatives.
I deem it a snbjept of profound regret that
Congress ha; thus far failed to admit loyal
Senators and Representatives from the oth
er States, whose 'inhabitants, with those of
Tennessee, had I engaged in the Rebellion.
Ten Statea4mpre than; one-fourth of the
wholel number--remam ,Without represent
ation ;the seats Of 50 members' in the House
of. RePresentatives and Of 20 members in
the Senate are iet vacant!--not by theirown
,
consent, not by a failure of election, but by
the refusal of. Chngress to accept their cre
dentials, Theii admission, it is believed,
' .
Debola toli - p.tfill!,iplc , s of.to btipoehg r o9;q4a ffie DissehAqtion of brohlii - D, litp,lll#6 10124,
would' haiwaccomplished much toward the
reneival and strengthening of our relations
as one people, and removed serious cause
for discontent on the part of the inhabit
ants of those States. It would have accord
ed with the great_ principle enunciated in
the Declaration of American Independence
that no people ought to bear the butderuof
taxation, and yet be. denied the right of
representation.. It would have been in
consonance' with the. expre:ss provisions of
the constitution that "each State, shall
have at least one Representative," and
"that no 'State, without its consent., shall
be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Sen
ace." 1 These provisions were intended to
secnra to every State, and to the people of
every; Stnte, the right of representation in
each House of Congress; and so important
was it deemed by the framers of the Con
stitution that the equality of the States in
the SenAe shoul.l be preserved, ihat not
even by, an amendment of the Constitution
can any State without its consent, be de
nied a voice in that branch of the National
Legislature.
It is true, it hai been assumed that the
existence of the States was terminated by
the re'bellious - acts of their inhabitants, and
that,the insurrection having been suppress
ed, they were the'ceforward to be consid
ered merely as con uered territories. The
Legislative, Exec tive and Judicial De
i!
partments of the Government, however,
with great distinct ess and uniform consis
tency, refused to s;nction an assumption'so
incompatible with he nature of our repub
lican system, ands ith the professed objects
of the war. Thro ghout the recent legis
lation of Congress,t e undeniable fact. makes
itself apparent, tha these 10 political com
munities are noth ng less than States of
this Union. At the very commencement
of the Rebellion, each House declared, with
a unanimity as remarkable as it was signif
cant; that the war was not "waged, upon
ur part, in any spirit of oppression,• nor
or any purpose of conquest or subjugation,
co
or purpose of overthrowing or interfering
iwith the right!' or est ,blished institutions
of thpse States; but to defend and mainta:n
the supremacy of the Constitution and laws
made in pursuance thereof, and to preserve
the Union with all - the dignity, equality,
and rights of the several States unimpaired;
and that as soon as these objects" were "ac
complished, the war might to cease." In
some instances, Senatois were permitted to
continue their legislative functions, while
in other instances Representatives were
elected and admitted to seats after their
States had formally declared their right to
withdraw from the Union, and were en
deavoring to maintain that right by force
of arms. All of the States whose people
were insurrection, as States; were in
cludedin the app rtionment of the direct
tax of 820,006,00 annually laid upon the
United States by
I he act approved August
5, 1861. Congress, by the act of March 4,
1862,l and by the hpportionment-otrepre
sentation thereunder, also recognized their
presence as States lin the Union ; and they
have, for judicial purposes, been divided in
to districts, as Stales alone can be divided.
The Same recognition appears in the recent
legishition in reference to Tennessee; which
evidently rests up 4 n the fact that the func
tions of the State here not destroyed by the
Rebellion, but merely suspended; and that
principle is of coqrse, applicable to these
States which, like [Tennessee, attempted to
renounce their places in the Union. •
The action of tlJe Executive Department
of the Governmeni, upon this subject has
been equally definite and uniform, and the
1
purpose of the war was specifically stated
in thEi Proclatnation issued by my -prede
cessor i
,on the 22d 'day of September ,1862.
It wag then soleninly proclaimed and ue
clared that "hereafter, as heretofore, the war
will be prosecutEd for the object, of practi
cally restoring the constitutional relation
between the . United States and each of the
Siates and the people thereof, in which
StUten that relation is or may be suspended
or disturbed. '
The recognition, of the States by the Ju
dicial : Department of the GOvernment has
also been clear , and conclusive in all pro
ceedings affecting them as States,. had in
the Supreme, Circuit and bistrict Courts.
In the admission of Senators and Repre
sentatives from many and all of the States,
there can be no \ just ground of apprehension
that persons whd,nre disloyal will be cloth
ed with the powers of legislation; for this
could not happen- when the Constitution
and laws are enforced by_ a vigilant and
faithful Congress. Each House is made
the 'judge of elections,\Teturns, and quali
fications of its own members," and! may,
"with concurrence of two-thirds, expel a
member." When "aSenatoor Represent
ative presents his certificate of election, he
may at once be admitted or rejected; or,
should therebe any question as to his eligi
bility, his credentials may be refrred for
investigation to the appropriate committee.
If admitted to a seat, it must be upon evi
dence satisfactory to the House of which he
thus beei?mes a member, that be possesses
the reqinsite constitutional and legal qua
ficationsJ, If refused admission as a
ber for iant of due allegianee to the Gov
ernment and retuniel to his constitiients f
they areladmonished that none but persons
loyal to the United States will be allowed
voice in the Legislative Councils of the
talon, and the political poWer and moral
influence of o:ingress are thus effectively
exerted to the interests of loyalty to the
;
oveinment and fidelity to the Union.
pon this question, so vitally affecting the
restoration of the Union and the permanen
' of our present form of government, my
nvictions, , heretOfore expressed, have uw
ergone no change; but, on the contrary,
eir correctness has been confirmsd by re
ection and time. If the admisiion of loy
sil members to seats in the respective Houses
of Congress was wise and expedient a year
ago, it is no less wise and expedient now.
If this anomalous condition is rignt now--
if in the exact condition of these States at
the present time, it is lawful to exclude
them from representation, I dO not see that
the question will be changed by - the efflux
of time. Ten years hence, if these States
remain as they are, the right of representa
tion will be no stronger—the right .of ex
clusion will be no weaker. .
The Constitution of the United States
makes it the duty of the President to re
commend to the consideration of ,Congress
"such measures as he shall' judge necessary
or expedient." I know of no meanure more
imperatively demanded by every consider
ation of national interest, sound policy, and
equal justice, than the admission 'of, loyal
members from the unrepresented States.
This would consummate the work of resto
ration and 'exert a most salutary I influence
in the re-establishment of peace,lharmbUy
and fraternal feeling. It would tend great
ly to renew the confidence of the American
people in the vigor and stability of their
institutions. It would bind us more cloikly
together ati a nation, and enable us to show
to the world the inherent and recuperative
power of a Government founded upon ;the
will of the people, and established upon the
principles of liberty, justice and intelligence.
Our increased strength and enhancedliras
, perity would iirefragibly denionstrate' the
fallacy of the arguments against free insti
-1 tutions drawn from our recent national
disorders, by the - enemies Of republican
government. The admission oCloyal mem
bers from the States now excluded from
Congress, by allaying doubt and npprehen
sion, would turn capital, now awaiting an
opportunity for investment, into, the chan
nels of trade and indu try. It would alle- '
viato the present troubled condition of
those. States, and, by inducing emigration
aid in the settlement of fertile regions now
uncultivated, and lead to an increased pro
duction of those staples which have 'added
so greatly to the wealth of the nation and
the commerce of the world. New fields of
enterprise would be opened; to our pro
gressive people,, and soon the devastations
of war 'would be repaired, and all traces of
our doinestic differences effaced from the
minds of our countrymen.
In oirr efforts to preserve " the unity of
Government which constitutes us one
people," by, restoring the States to the con
dition 'which they had prior Loth° rebellion,
we should be cautious, lest, havinw rescued
our nation from perils of threatened disinte
gration, we resort to consolidation, and in
the end absolute despotism, as a remedy
for the recurrence of similartroubles. Tue
vrar baying terminated, and with it all oc
casion for the exercise of powers of doubt
ful constitutionality, we should hasten to
bring legislation within the boundaries pre
screed by the Constitution, and to return
to the ancient landmarks established by
our fathers for the guidance of succeeding
generations.. The Constitutibn which at
any time exists,until changed by an explicit
and authentic act of the whole people, is
sacredly obligatory upon all. If, in the
opinion of the people, distriuction or tato&
ification of the constitutional powers, be in
any particular wrong, let it be corrected by
an amendment in the way in which the con
stitution designates. But let there be no
changdby unsurpation; for" "it is the cus
tomary weapon by which free Governments
are destroyed." Niraqhington, spoke these
words to his countrymen, when followed
by their love and gratitude, lie voluntarily
retired from the cares of public life. 'To
keep in all things within the pale of our
constitutional power's, and cheiish the Fed=
eral Union as the only rock of seety,"were
prescribed by Jefferson as rules of action
to endear to his "countrymen the true,
principles of their Constitution, and pro
mote a union of sentiment; and action
equally auspicious to their liappiness and
safety." Jackson held that the ed i tion of
the General Government should alway . s be
strictly confined to the sphere of ;its ap•
propriate duties and justly and forcibly
urged that our Government Is not to bs
maintained nor our Union preserved "by
invasion of the rights and powers; of the
several States. In thus attempting, to
make our General Government strong., vve
make it weak.
_lts, true strength, consists
in leaving individuals and States as much
as possible to theriaselves; in making itself
felt, not in its power, but in its beneficence;
not in its crartrol; but in its protection; not
in binding the States more clfrely to the
centre,but leaving each to move unobstructed
its proper constitutional orbit.."' ' These are
the teachingsof men .wlice;e deeds and
servises have made them illustrious, and
who, long since witluintitnfrom 'the scenes
of lif% have left to their country' the rich
legacy of their example, their wisdom. and
their patriotism. Drawing fresh inspiration
from their lessons, let us emulate them in
love of country end respect; for the Con
stittition and the lasts.
--•-- • .
The *port of the Secretary of the Tress .
; •
ury :affords
. much; information - mspecting •
the revenne.andicomnierce . O .
„the cenntry.
His views upon the currency,andiwith're
ferauce to a proper adjustment ofl our rev
enue system, internal..aq well as impost, are
commended to the ;:careful consideration of
. In my last Annual Message . 1 •
exprssed my general views' upon these sub
jects. I need now only: call. attention to
the necessity of carrying into every Depart
ment of the Government a,systeni of rigid
accountability, thorongh . retrenchment, and
wise , economy. • With no ,exceptional nor
unusual expenditiare-s,the oppressive burdens
of taxations can be lessened, bysncha mod
ification of our revenue laWs as will be,con,
sistant with the public faith, and the legit
imate and necessary wants of the - GoVern
ment. The report presents a much more
satisfactory condition of our a finances than
one year a g o-the - most sanguine could" have
anticipated. DUring tbefiscal year ending
the 30th June; 1865, the:lest year Of the
war, the public ;debt was -increased $941,-
902,547; and on the 31st of October, 1865,
it. amounted to $2,740,854,750: On the
31st day of,October, 1866, it' bad been re
duced to ; $0,551,310,006, the diminution,
during a period of 14 . inenihs, commenc
e ing September 1, 1865;;ari ending OCto
ber 31, 1866, having been '5206,379,565.
In the last :srinnal report on the state of the
finances, it was estimated during the three
quarters of the fiscal - year ending the 30th
of June last, the debt would be increased
$112;194,947. that period, how
ever, it was reduced $31,1 . 96,387,• the re
ceipts of the year having been $89,905,905
more, and the expenditures $200,529,235
leas than the ;estimates. - Nothing could
more - clearly indicate'.thantheie statements
the extent and availability, of. the national
resources and the rapidity and safety with
which, under our form . Of goveennent, great
Military and
and
establishments can be
disbanded, and . expenses •adirced from . a
war to a peace footing.
During the fiscal year eliding the 30th
of June,
1866, the receipts were 8558,032, 7
620, and the expenditures $520,750,940,
leaving an available, surpluS of $37,281,680.
It. is estimattd that the receipts for the fis
cal year ending the 30th June, 1867, will
be $475.001,380, and than the eipendi
tures will reach the sum of $316,428,078,
leaving in the Treasury a surplus of $1.58, 7
633,308. • For the fiscal. year ending June
30th, 1868, it is estimated that the receipts
will amout to $436,000,000, and 'that the
expenditures will be .$350,247,641—5h0w
ing an excess of $86,752;359 in favor...of
the Government... These estimated receipts
may be• diminished by a reduction of ex . -
Cise' and - import . ditties ;- but, after all ne
cessary reductions shall have been made,
the revenue of the present and of follow
ing years will 'doubtless' he . sufficient to
cover legitimate charges tipontlfe.Treaiury,
and leave a large annual. surplus; to be Ali
plied to the payment of the, principal of'.;
the debt. There seems how to be uogood:
reason why taxes . may not be reduced as
.the country advances in population and
wealth, and yet the 'debt be. extinguished
within the next • quarter of a century.
The report of the Secretary of war. fur
nishes valuable andimportaut information
. in reference to the operations of his Depart
nient during the past year, Few volunteers
now remain ip the settee and they are be
ing discharged as rapidly. as they . cad! be
replaced by • readier, troops. The Army
has beau promptly paid, carefUlly pro'ided
With medical treatment, well sheltered and
subsisted,.and is to be furnished with breech
loading small arms. . The military strengt
of the. nation has been unimpaired iby the
discharge of volunteers, the disposition of
tinseryicable or perishatle stores ; and the
retrenchrnent of. expenditure,•: Sufficicfit
war Materials to. meet any ... emergency has
been retained, and, from the'disbanded,vol
unteere stand. ready to respond to the na
tional!, call, large armies can - be. rapidly
Organized, - equipPed and - - concentrated.
FortifiCationa on , the coast and: ; frontier
have received; or are being prepared for
more '',powerful armaments; lake -surveys
and harbor and river improvements are in
course of energetic prosecution. .F.'repam-;
tions have been made for the payment of
the additional bounties! authorized during
the recent Congress,'; under suchlegn
lationi; as will protect the Gofernment
from fraud, and secure to the.hatiorable dis
charged' Soldier the Well-earned tewardlof.
his faithfulness - and , More than •
six thousand
.Maimed soldiers have received
artificel limbaortother surgical apparatus;
and forty-one rational cemeteries, contains-.
the remains of 104,526 Union soldiers
have already been established: The :total'.
estimate of military appropriations is $25,-
1205,669. •• • • • -1..• i r • .1. .
• It is stlrted in the report of the. Seem
tart' of the Navy that the naval force at
this time , consists of 278 vessels, armed
with 2,351 guns. Of 'these, 115 vessels
carrying 1,029
_guns, are in commission,
distributed ehieffy among seven 'BO adroue.
The iiMnber of men_ in ..the service`iii'l3,-
600.1 tateat activity and; vigilant* ....bave
beehdisplayed by all the squadroasoind
their, movements have - been judiciously
and efficiently arranged in such eeniatmoe.
as would best promote American commeree f
and protect 'the riglits . and interests ef.otir
country Men abroad. The vessels unem
ployed are undergoing
• repairs, or are
,laid
up, until their services may be, required.
Most of the iron-clad fleet is at League
Islat , l, in the vicinity of Philadelphia, a
,place which, until decisivelietion shoidd be
taken by Congress, was selected by the
Secretary of the. Navy as the most eligible
location for that class of vessels. 'it is im
portant that a suitable public statioh should
be provided for the - iron-clad fleet. 1t is
intended that these vessels Shall be in
proper condition for any emergency,; and
it is desirable that the bill accepting LeagUe
Island fir naval purposes; which passed the
House of Representatives at its last session,
should receive final action at an early pe
riod, in order that there may be a suitable,
public station for this! class of vessels, as
well as a navy-yard of area sufficient -for
the wants of the service, on the Delatittere
river. The Naval Pension fund =mints
to 811.750,000, - having been increased
82,750,000 during the year. The expeil-t
ditures of the Department for the liseal
year ending 30th June last were $-13,324,-
526, and the estimate for the corning year
amounts to 823,508,436. Attention -is
invited to the condition of our seamen, and
the importance of legislative measures for
their relief and improvements, The , std.,
gestions in behalf of this deserving class of
our fellow-eitizens are earnestly recommend
ed to the favorable attention of Congress.
The report of the Postmaster General
presents a•most satisfactory condition of
the postal service, and submits reetniimen-t
dations which derves the attention .or
COngress. The revenue for the: Doped
ment for the - year ending June 30, iBup,
were 814.386,086, and the expen.litotie4
$15,352,079, showing an excess a the rat ,
ter of 8905,093. In - anticipation or this
deficiency, however, a special anpropriti•
tion was made by . Congress in the let rip
provedi July 28, 1866: Including the
standing appropriation of 870.000 fOrTre.e
mail matter, as a legitimate portion of th:e
revenues yet remaining unexpended, the
actual clefficiency for the past year is only
8265,093—a surd within $51,141 of the
amount estimated in the annual report of
1864. .The The decrease of revenue, compared
'with the previous year, was one : fifth per
cent s and the increase of ekpendituretii, oiv e
ilig . principally to the enlargement,- of the
mail service in the South, was„ twelve per
cent. on the 30th of June last thine was
in operation six th ,usand nine hundred and
thirty mail routs, with.an aggregate length
of one, hundred and eighty thotisand
nine hundred and twenty-one miles, an,
annual transportation of seventy--
one million eight hundredand thiry-severt
thousand nine hundred and fourteen mire!
and an aggregate'annual cost, including all
expenditure of 88,410,184. Thee. length
of railroad routes is 32 ! 092"tniles, end the.
,
annual : transportation 30,609,461 1 miles.
The length of steamboat. routes is
miles, and the annual transportasicmf3,4li,-
962 miles. The Mail service is eapt(lly in.-.
erasinglthroughout theiwhole \ couittry, art
its steady extension in theSonthern State:, i
indicates their constantly mpro • vin„. coti,l:-
tion. The growing importance Tof P e
f treirrn servicealso merits retentiori. The_
Post-Office Department of Great prittain
and our own have r., : ereed upon a preli , ,,itt:,
ry basis for k a new Postal Con l yeetion,
which it is believed will prove . entieently
beneficial to the commercial hiterest of • the
United i States, inasmuch as it conteMplates
a reduction of the international tett+r post
age to one-half the existuig rates; a retitle:
bon of postage with alt Other couLtries to.
and from• which correspondence is trans
mitted in the British mail, or Melees maitw
through the United Kingdom; the astati--
lislimeat of uniform and reasonahlo charges',
for the sea and territorial trapsit of ctirre
spondenee itieiteh Past Offiee D partnient
of the right to use all mail conita inieatiiya:s.
established under the anthority of theetfrer
for the dispateh of borrespoudeeee_, eitisee
in open or closed. Mails, on the tow. as
those applicable-to the inhabirait% of the
country providing the Means of teumenission.-
The report of the See4tary of the Intetior
ex,hibits the conditon of those branches of
the putilie service whit,~ are eounuitt.):l to
his supervision. Duriricr:the last ffl yell
4,629,312 acres of pii lie land •were dis
posed Of,! 1,892,516.. res of-which were
entered under- the 'H rhestead act The .
policy Originally adop 7 relative by the
public lands has. undereone essential mod
ifications.' Immediate revenue{ and not
tn
their rapid settleent, lwas ea
the rlitial
~.
features of land syst Long experience
and earnest discussion ave resulted in the
conviction that the ea ly development 4.
e i
our agricultural resourcand the diffusion,
of an energetic popula ton over our veg.
territory ; are objects of far greater impor-
FS,
tance to the national grpivth an-lprosperity,
than the proceeds of the sale of rte. lan I to
tb4 ltio.hest bidder in t}Ten neat,* Tley
COfti 11.114 Olt
II
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1 1 4 82 Pat',