SINGLE COPIES, y
VOLUME Z.--NUMBER 36.
THE POTTER JOURNAL,
ri'iumtu KTKKV TJUKSUAY MOitli Dili, ST
TbON. H. ItlUHf,
Tw w !iio all LvtltlS ami Communication:
•bvuld Is* 4 nidrt**rd. to secure atu-uliou.
Term —liirarlabljr | n Advance :
Hl.'iA pel* Annum.
UltMilMlMlt.liotlinUiWi' OiIHIJItIMOIIIIIIHIIIIMMtUHIHMIK
Term* oi' Advertising.
bquart flu hue j j i itiacrticu, - - - £>l
3 " - - - $1 fit
9 : ..u b !>ubief>i<*Qi in.crti#g less 13, 'I ~
i s*|tiare tlircv tnuuths, - -- -- -- s<j
" >u " - - 4 o'.
& 44 ante 44 ------- Sic
u 44 oas year, ------- €o'j
(H*<U a.o! lij-ire Htork. p" •*]-, 3 ins. 3 u<j
'4kerv iiflit lu-ertioe. ----- Li
i. l.'wUniU eis muatLis ------- l0a
4 44 44 44 lo oo
4 44 •• 41 7 oo
44 per year. - - - 30 OH
4 " ' 4 - - lo 00
£>rfUie-columu, tiijipj ived. per annum 413 O*J
six luuutlis, 3 00
44 " tbrca 44 10 Ou
44 u nmath, f> 00
44 per square
of 0 tiaes, eitcfa insrtiou uader 4. 1 00
I'art- <f fuluiuiu will fa inerted at tUs suiae
r .lea.
Ailai nistrator'n or Executor's Notice, 200
Auditor Notices, each, ----- -- too
v!-..-ritl> aales. per tract, ------ Ijo
Marriage Naiieee. U' h. ------- 100
pieorcs Notices, e.i"U, 1 ft#
\.J waist rater's .A.tics, per square for 4
insertions, 1 in
Isisinr,s ar Professional t'anis, each,
ue; exctding a lines, per year, - - AOO
and Editorial N.j;ic?s, per lin?. 1 *
6ctT All transient a*lvcitiseinents mmt be
paid in advance, and no notice will be taken
of advertisement* from a distance, unless ibey
wrc n> '-•mpaiiied by tl; money or sutisfaetor;
refarenee.
■J.JWSII U— moB H'n;J.I.WXJ-L-a^ v
Busiufss Carts.
O HA "\N\
ATTORNEY' AND CUI'N.SEbLOR AT LAW.
Couderiport, I'a.. will attend the several
t ourts in i'otter and M K.eau Counties. All
Uikin <s entrusted in bis care will receive
prompt attention. Office G* M..'u *t.. oppo
site the Court House. 10; i
>rw7K\UX
ATTORNKV AT HAW, Couderspert, Pa., will
regularly attend the ( ourts in I'atter and
the adjoining Counties. 10:1
AlirilLK fF OLMBTKD,
ATTOUNEV A COI'XSKLL*)R AT LAW,
• audersjiort. Pa., will attend to ail busine??
enirnited to bis care, with proinptnes and
fidelity. Office in Tcoiperauee Block, see
•ad ieo . \laia St. 10:1
ISAAC BENSON.
ATTORNEY AT LAW. t'ouder*po.-t. Pa., wid
attend to ati business entrusted to him, with
care an l promptness. Office corner of West
aad Tuird sis, 1u: 1
I*. r.
A TToiiN f, • A: vi\. Weij .boro', Tioga Co..
Pa , will attend me Courts ,n fuuer and
M'E- an t.'o JBtieg. <:l3
il W. BENTON,
dI'SVKYtIK AN'l> CUNVEYANCLIi. Ilay
doa-1 !* 0., ( All 'gany Tp.,) Putter l o„ Pa.,
wii! attend to all ousiucss 1:1 bis line, with
f*; and dispatch, P;3.J
W, K KINO,
SURVEYOR. DHAETSMAN AND CU.NYF.Y
lNCi.it. Suiethport. <"o., Pu , will
atteau to ijuaifi'iJ tur non-res.deut lajtd
bol 1.-rs. upon ecu ouu>.le terms. Roteren
given if required, i*. h. —Maps OI an\
part ot the L'ouiU.V made to order. D; 13
*T. ELLISON,
PRACTICING PHi SICI.i.N. < oudersport, Pa.,
resjiect'ully iuioriu.- tjie ciiixi ps of ihe vil
lage and vicinity that bo will protuply re
kpoad to all calls for professional services'.
Ottiee im Main t., .n building lortnerly oc
cupied by C. W, LUis, Esq. y;'j'J
eot.ti.xs sairtt. a. x. jo.xt*.
6MITfI Jt JONES,
f'KAl.tfi.s IN DRUGS, MEDICINES, PAINTS,
Oil* Kiney Articles. 3iatiQnorv, Dry Goods,
(i.aceriei. *c., M.ia *t., t ondersport. Pa.
144:1
D. E OLMSTED,
DK.fI.KR IN DRY GOODS, READY-MADE
Clotmng Crockery, Groceries, 4cc., Main St..
Caudertport. Pa. lo:l
M W. MANN,
PKALLR IN BOOKS A STATIONERY. MAG
k/JNKft .vJ Muaie, N W. cgrpcr of Main
aad l airl its., Couderapgrt, Pa. 1U;I
E. K HARRINGTON,
>EWLLKR. Cder#port, Pa., having ettfAg
.ad a window in Scboomaker X
H ara will cajry on th* Watch and Jewelry
•!.• there, A tina assortment of Jew-
Cry constantly on haul. Watches and
Jewelry carefully repaired, it; the best style,
• n tha .kartell notice—-ail wora warranted.
HENRY J. OLMSTED,
(lI'CCMVOU To JIM as W. aMITK.)
DEALER IN SToYKS, UN k SHEET IRON
Af'.K. Ma;n <t., nearly oppusite the Court
Wooer louder-port, Pa. Tin and Sheet
Ir#n W art made to order, in good stvlc. on
•knrt notice. 1U:1
COUDEBSKIRT HOTEL,
9. f. f,l ASSHIRF., proprietor, Corner of
Main and Second Street*, Coudersport Pot
** CV. P* : 44
ALLEGANY IIOISE7~
• Akt KL M WILLS. Proprietor, Colesburg
Patter Co., P%., set** wiles north of Cnj
*ej*P*rl. *• WaiiaviU Rw#d. UU
V
I origiual |Jortry.
ISI j [WRITTKS FOH TIIK HOTTKR JOITiNAL ]
LOVE AND FRIENDSHIP.
To Mis* Y ('—- Woont kt, R. I.
M
Love: hath wings as li^h 4 ss air;
q . ills flight is quick a* lightning's flare :
o) He cutuc'S. he goes,
5 lm i°y iu wo's
0 We know not when, we know not how :
ijl His subtle arts
yi Begude our heart.',
j And tankes m pledge in -acred vow.
'! Then Love is all a beauteous if-: . ;
b i Of bliss and happiness anprenjc—
y • Angelic joy,
'f i Without a Hoy:
dj We think o.ir rupture* .n Car will change—
l' | We pray tiiem not
0 But 'ti* our lot
IJ ; A word— a look—may us esfange.
j ■ But Fair.vnsHie ia a sacred thing;
5 It bears with it no jeafius stimr;
'Tis pure and mild,
) j When u ride filed
e By hope of gain, or hope of lust—
A sacred bond
0! Of two hearts fond—
j, In such a love, oh, let us trust.
J Let those whose f ncy roams above
* Things of this earth, oh, let them love— !
> Give tne a friend,
Who, lo the end
> Of life, no Ills can from rne sever, —
On my fond breast
1 Her head should rest.
' j While I *ang my soug of—Friendship over
Amioo.
' i ■.■mijii-i-ij.!!. 1 . 1 jxrstre.usaggree
UE FO KT <) F
!Tiie SupeiTiiiendeu* ofConicnun
aicbnuls in Poller County,
lor INSI.
My commission which dates from the
| IBlh of October last, was received about
, the I2lh of November. Mr. Pradt liav
. ing rcsignud iu June previous, the office
of County Superintendent was vacant dur
; ing five months of the year for which this
, report is to be made.
.: A large number of the teachers for (he
I summer schools were not examined ; none
of the schools visited ; consequently then
am no records frotu wiiiuh to make a deti
•'nito report of that portion of tho school
i ; 7™r>
That [ might be able to ascertain, as
nearly as possible, by inquiry while visit- (
nig tne several school districts, ih ( >se sta
ustteal items requested iu the instructions
' .a the Department, I have delayed this
report longer tuau it t i lerwise would havi
been.
' STATISTICS.
School }loune. —First ela s, none; s*e•
i.nd class, forty-three; third class, thirty-i
tiine. Few new school houses have been ;
erected iti the county during the year, the;
best of which, in ail respects, is in the;
Homer district; but this is defective in!
i one or two particulars, in the arrangement
ot the school room. The hi ;ok-board is
too small for convene i.e *, and no provis-'
1 ion made for a recitation strut iu front o!
! it.
, . . . .
A convenient recitation scat is an item '
quite generally overlooked by directors in!
school bouse arrangement, unless one oi j
tiieir tiu nber Happens to bean experienc
ed teacher, and wide awake to tho im
provements oi tho day iu common school
'! education.
. | There are school houses in this county, i
. | recently built, furnisimd with seats ami
- desks tor two pupils each, soim what ai'ier
the modern style ; but not a place w.k .v .i
class of eight or ton scholars oan be ;e
--eoiiniio'lated convenient t • > tiie Llack-i'o.iru t
! *r otherwi-e. This dchcieucy i> i.-> a great
' influence in preventing the sueer.vo'ul
classi.,cation ot pupils, am] is t' os mice
of uiuch eoiiiusiop in the eohooi room and
perplexity to the teacher.
. j Shoo/ Architecture. —No Suhoo! houses
have vet been built, or thoroughly re*m d
olkd, from pluus coiitained in tne fVnu
( sylvuuia School Architecture. A few of
' the directors have given attention to this
', subject, and contemplate erecting houses
1 1 worthy of the object for which they arc
j designed.
I Material of School Houses. —Rriek.
. noue; stout 4 , none; lug, twelve; frame,
> seventy ; total, eighty-two.
School Furniture. —First clays eharuc
j tor, in none of the school houses; second
class, iu twenty-unc; third class, in sixty
.; one.
S hoots. —First class, (graded,) tiiine ;
secjnd class, (classified,) eighty; third
; class, noue. Though all our teachers pur
sue a system of classification to some cx
-1 tent, yet with a number it is not as etfi
| cient as we hope to see carried out i" the
j; future. Many of our most skillful teach
ers also are embarrassed in their efforts to
classify their pupils, in consequence ofir
tregular attendance and multiplicity of
f text-books.
' j Age* of Teachers. —ltems under
this and three or four following ii< 4 ads are
estimated for tho first half of the school
, year, and are as correct as I have been
. able to ascertain from observation and iu
quiry. Under seventeen years of
(XiMUS U \t)i friiKipus of Jruo iLnnvriKd, tint 1 in: l&ttthpijtiiioi) of 7i)ori)iiu, jCfcrqtqlrc :inO ftctes.
COUI)3RSPORT, PGTTE3. COUNTS, PA., THURSDAY, MARCH 23, 1838.
age, nine; between seventeen and twenty
joue, inclusive, forty-eight; between twen
ty-one and twenty-five, nineteen ; be veen
twenty-five and thirty, twenty-three; be
; tweeu thirty and forty, fourteen; be
tween foity and fifty, one; over fifty, two ;
one of whom was over seventy. Total,
one hundred and sixteen.
Jiuth-plarCy {E-ti mated.) —Rom in
i Pennsylvania, fifty-niue; b irnuutoi Peun
• sylvania, fifty- even.
Experience in Teaching.—[Ascertain
ed with sufficient exactness from iuquirv
•t those acquainted with the teachers
where I have not had the opportunity of
•ceiog them.J Those who have taught
•::-s than oue year, twenty-one; between
one and three years, fbrtv-one ; fro nt r'e
! to six years, twenty-seven ; from six to
ten years, thirteen; from ten to twenty
• years, two; over twenty years, one.
j * t J J
lWm.iturnf Teachers. —Titere are none
who intend to teach permanently. As
the scho,,!s are usually kept open only
four months in the summ *r ami three in
the winter, of those wuo are eng g d in
teaching, tueir tine is divided between
that and some other employment. When
ever they find an opportunity to eng-gr
in a permanent business they usually ex
pect to do so. In order, therefore, to se
cure permanent teachers, the employment
must be more constant, with a compensa
tion sufficient for a good support
I*> ;/'*.< ion a I Reading. —Those who
have read educational works, thirty seven ;
tuose who have not, seventy-nine. It will
be seen from this, compared with the re
i port, of the previous year, that a larger
| proportion of onr teachers are making
j themselves familiar with the modern im
provements in the mode of teaching.
Manner of Teaching, and igewraf abil
jUy to Teach ami Cover n. —Number of
I teachers who give full satisfaction, tiiiriy
|four; medium teachers, sixty-five; tuose
| whose services had better be dispensed
with, seventeen.
Ex a m inations and Certificate*. —Fr.en
the receipt of my commission (November
12) to the first of June, number of candi
dates examined, one hundred and one,
provisional certificatesgrauted, ninety-live;
permanent, one; rejected, five. Two of
those who received provisional certificates
at tjfe time ol examination, received per
manent certificates on visiting their
schools.
Institute*. —-During the three years ot
I the County Superintendency, two county
institutes have been heid. ike numb r
I ff'teachers who attended these institutes
I have not toe means of ascertaining ; not
! being a resident of tiie county when en he;
were in ses.-ion, ami no records being left
from the former Superim*- ndeut.
There have been no district uisti ittes,
or association*. organized in the county to
!.tv knowledge. A teaiher.,' class, how
ever, has been organized and weii sustain
ed in connection with the 44 t'oauorspo.'t
Aeademv. ' This in-titution is supported
by tne liberality and enterprise of citizens
in the county, and it- students are made
up almost witoliy of y utig ladies and gen
tlemen from the different townships ur<>unu
who are pr. paring themselves* for tc.c- icrs.
Resides the r* guiar drilling of reoitmion,
{ally instruction has be it given in tiie art
.if teaching. The cia-s has also iieid
weekly meetings for t'ne purpose of hear
ing lectures, reading reports and essays,
and holding discussions on subj* cts eo.i
uected witn the interests of common
schools. \\ it a but few exceptions, the
entire body of teachers in tiie c .uury have
been, at some time, connected w ta this
school, and from it t'ley have usaalls gone
to tiieir respective iielus oflabor. During
the pa-t year eighty-three (over one half)
'of th • teachers ot the crnutv have been
members of this institution, it i.-, there
fore. iuti uately eoum'cied w;ih the e mi
moa schoal system, and has exerted a de
cided influence in elevating the stand..rd
u. p •pu'ut education.
MISC K f.L A X KOU S.
School 1 isitatnnis. —Toe p ltronsof the
scliouls have accompanied mo, i:i several
instances, in my official visits, and t.ii
some have done at tne saeni'.ce of their
own business for tiie time being. More
would liave been pleased to nave attended
and witness**! the examinations if the,
I classes, could they have been notified of
the time when the Superintendent, was to
be present; but to give a previous notice
of the time ot visiting schools would, gen
erally, be impracticable from the distance
they are apart, and the frequently bid
state of the roads. In very few instances
| patrons have visited tiieir schools inde
pendent of Superintendent's or Directors'
visits, hut none perhaps worthy of distinct
notice. Such visits are usually the result
iof effort on the part of the teachers, anu
are an indication of the interest they are
endeavoring to create in the minds m b.t!i
parents and scholars, on the subject oi
education.
Director* visits, in their regularity and
frequency, by no means come up to the
requirements of the school law, nor can it
really be expeeted that they wili so long
as they receive no compensation for their
services, l'ct ts*j much negligence io
- manir'est. An hour or two might be im
- prove*! by direct irs iu vi-ttiug tiie schools
i oi tiieir *nvu immediate neighborhood oc 4 -
-' casio! ally, without interfering materially
- with any other duties. A large propor
; tion, however, of direcG r- n. ve visit tiieir
, schools during the e itirc s :s.-i m. ilon
orabe exceptions may be m.'Ut.oned, p r
i ticuiany o Abbott, Hebron and It-uhtte.
• The secretaries of these districts 1 have
found able to give a very correct stnte
■ niciit of tiie condition o. tiieir schuoi*. of
the skill of tiie teacher in classifying pu
■ piD and faculty of government. Ru>" one
'.district t iny kuo'uleilge has decided to
; act upon the recommendation oi tiie-State;
i Superintendent, by employing tlie secre
■ tarv to make a moiittrly v siit of tiie
schools, and till up the blank repots fur-;
nisiied for that purpose by toe Sclioul i)e
--1 part'iieut. Ot.ier districts are thinking
, favorable of the movement, bat have yet 1
taken no action.
Lead in;/ Characteristics. —The entire
!county is comparatively new. Many o.
the districts are settled only along the
principal strea-us, and tiie inhabitants!
. are engaged in the united occupation o.
, agriculture and lumbering. O.h r dis-'
tritcs are very sparsely settled, and to ap
.ipoarauee present almost an unbroken for-'
jest. In these districts lumbering is the;
chief occupation, but within the past year
the interest of the people tin the subj-'ci
of education ha-* iu creased considerably, i
which fact is evinced by the offer of more
j liberal co.upeii-aiioii tor the sake of ob j
! taitiiug go >d teachers. Tiie middle and ;
. northern portions of the e maty are quite
. extensiv ly settled, and agriculture being j
! the principal euip'oyment, the people are:
fast collecting around them the comforts ;
and conveniences of life. Still a large
majority of the inhabitants throughout
the county have not yet paid fur their
'lauds. Wealth, therefore, is not abun
dant, an 1 tlie mean-; are not at command
I for doing :.!! that is desirable in the con !
jstructioii of school houses, and supplying
them with furniture and apparatus The
j face of tin Country is hilly and portion-j
; of it somewhat umuntaui >us ; soil ric. and
j very fertile; ami having an intelligent,;
. iudustrious and enterprising people to!
improve it ti t.e is ouly wanting to make'
it one of tiie best sections of the Com
monwealth.
I'ub'ic S> ntimcnt General intelli
gence i- a pro nineut characteristic of the
inhabitants of t:; i-* county. They are!
uio.-tly settlers from New York and the
New England States, and have brought j
with them, and still retain, a love of
knowledge and improvement. They are
ail iu favor, therefore, of a "common
school swcui." Some may retain their
predil-eti-ns for the system under which j
they have formerly worked; but the ma
jority arc. convinced, and the rot arc wil- j
ling to be. tiiat the common school sys
tem of Pennsylvania is equal to that ol |
any of the sister Suites. When its oper-i
alums are U"d rstoud the system is gen
eniiy l.kcd. 1 tie met that nearly all the j
districts in t!i- 4 county arc willing to pay
a tax of thirteen nulls on a dollar for
st h -ol purriosi s alone, affords a strong ev-i
lu.'iice of t ie interest the people take iu
the cause ot education, anu that they are'
wortiiy ot credit for doing all thev can.
No opposition need to be looked for in
l nis sect ion.
leach. rs. —lt takes tine for great and
general improvements in public matters
ot any kind. Progress, however, has
been made in the following particulars :
East. Teachers have felt more sensibly
the responsibility of their calling, unt on
ly as i i-ir tutors ill the science-, but also
a- exemplars of sound, moral and relig
ious principles This is an important
item to bo gained; as with it there will
he an effort, iu a corresponding degree,
faithfully to discharge the duties- devolv-i
ing upon them. Second. In previously
maturing plan shy w.iich to regulate their
cla sos and Conduct tiie exercises and re
citations of tiie school loom. Many have
entered upon the business of teaching
without any definite idea *.; what they
wa .ted to accomplish, or how thev were;
to do it: consequently, a iarge portion ol
tue term is spent before anything is real
ty done, il at all. A poor plan is better;
, than none ; because t*> secure it, thinkingi
is necessary; the attention must be ea lied |
to the subject, and action prompted bv
those thoughts will follow; though tlie
plan may b ; erroneous in some particu
lars, yet it will probably be corrected bv
experience and comparison with that of:
oti ers. The impiovements made iu this
respect, are the result of more extensive
reading of educational works, together
witn lectures, as opportunity has present
ed. Third. Or.il instruction and illus-j
trations are used more extensively than
heretofore, by which the exercises of the
sciiool room are much enlivened and tlie ;
I interest increased. I have observed with;
satisfaction, even in the retired districts!
ot tae county, that the want of suitable:
school books I as b jen in a measure sup
plied by the use of oral instruction, par
tieular.y in English Grammar ami Men-!
tu! Arithmetic.
1 LrjccU to C: Remedied-—Teachers.—
Though we have been able to speak of
■ progress in the character and oinlilica
iions of teachers, vet the tmuihet of good
teachers is not sufficient to meet the
wants or' the schools ; and for tlie present,
• some have been licensed that wou'ii not
be. were there others to take their places.
Some, also, who have established a good
reputation as teachers, are leaving the
business lor other emj loymcnts, for the
I reason that they cannot obtain sufficient
compensation, and one which is available
A large number of the districts are sadly
in debt. The teachers, aft rteyii vc
earned their money and obtained their
'orders, are frequently obliged to hold
■ them from six to eighteen mont s before
they en* obtain their value, or sell them
at a discount. They usually need their
money as soon as it is earned, and the
fact that they cannot obtain it when due.
lis driving many of our best teachers from
,the profession. An improvement in the
financial d-partmeut of a number of the
listrict.s would be very beneiici.il.
Greater facilities are also necessary for
! improving the qualifications of t*ac:iers.
One of the agencies to which we look af
present for accomplishing this, i< teaeh
jer's institutes. They will be held here
-1 alter, whatever it may cost; but could the
j Legislature of our State think proper to
encourage us, by a saia'l appropriation to
leach county for this purpose, it would be
i very gr itifying to the friends of edueati >n.
The want of a uniform school tax
ithroughout the State, stud compensation
to directors, are rtgarded as among the
defects of the present system. Could
they be remedied, still greater life and
effectiveness would be given to the cause
of education. Hut these defects have
; been urged upon the attention of the
School Department and the Legislature,
by a large number of the County Super
intemhmts, in former reports; there
fore i leave them with this passing no
rice, hoping the tiuie is not far distant
when that attention will bo given to them
which the Cause demands.
While these defects are referred to.
with others that might be mentioned, out
'Confidence is not at all weakened in tin
main features of the system. Though
j not perfect, its utility and practicability
will compare favorably with those which
have been much longer in use, and w<
believe that efficient directors and super
intendents, thoroughly to carry out it>
provisions, will secure to the people ol
this Commonwealth, all that its most ar
dent friends have anticipated.
J. HEN" D RICK, Count]/ Super in tendon t
CoifDKßspoMT, September !5 1857.
f mm.
SomminiintHons.
A DEiffOCAAT SPEAaS OJT.
For liie I'o'ter J mrual.
"Close Your Mouths."
lias the time come when one political
party of this Democratic country shail
cuohy say to thy other party, "Close your
mounts? ' those wmi supported
! Mr. Huehanari for the Presidency m good
, i O
laith—not only voted for him bu; labored
fur him, spending their time and money
tor the purpose oi securing his election,
and thereby secure tnc success of that
gr;at principle wnicli they so much lov
ed and cherished. to icit: State and Ter
litorial liiglit, Popular sovereignty, and
that tiie voice of toe majority shall ue tlie
constitution of tlie land—shall they be
told to "forever shut their mouths'
—became they have been deceived?
So toe 7th resolution of the Democratic
Couvolition, on the 4lh iust., Uoidiy as
serts. t
1 voted for Mr. Buchanan in good
I faith. lie has uot carried out the prin
ciples upon which he was elected; but
acts the Tyrant; he duties the will ut tiie
majuiity; ne upholds with ail ttic power
ot nia high position, toe plan widen dis
lrauchised mueteen counties out ot thirty
tour tu Kansas. Tuc 7th resolution is a
: iihei upon common sense. It the Con
stitution of Kansas is not acceptable to
j tree state men, "close your mouths, —
;your own conduct has produced the re
sult.'' Shame!—VYheu it is well known
that pro slavery officers illegally and uu
justiy refused, under the plea of want ot
lunds, to give the people ol nineteen coun
ties a legal right to vote under the terri
torial law. A majority of tiie counties
was not represented at all. Boar iu mind,
reader, it was not the fault of tne people
ot these counties—it was a deep laul pian
to fasten upon tlic.u tiie Institution ol
Domestic Slavery.
Was mere a Democrat in all Pennsyl
vania in IBdd that would have dared to
assert, as a principle in the democratic
!creed, that Kansas should be admitted
into the I'niou—no, uot admitted, but
: tureed in—with a Constitution forced up
on her by a pro-slavery minority, baked
|up by President Buchanan t Not oue.—
ii this had been Democracy, then Mr.
Buchanan would never have b en Presi
dent. The doctrine w.is in I>s>: hi very
£>ute and Territory sha.l make us uwu
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TERMS. -$1.25 FEE AKNI/jEK
f local laws. Congress shall not force (by
- the passage of its laws,) Slavery into nor
I out of an)' State or Territory; but leave
i* the people thereof perfectly free to form
. their own institutions subject only to the
: Constitution of the United States. Mr.
. !>uehanan pledged himself to the country,
1 b tore and alter election, that ail the
power the Constitution conferred upon
j'li.e Executive, should be brought to bear
L 'in a tirm and conciliatory manner to re
store the same harmony among the sister
; States, that existed before the apple of
• discord was east into their midst. He
• now sets at defiance the will of a large
I majority in Kansas Pennsylvania De-
C tuoenicy says " Clone your mouth—
i Thank God there is a power bemud the
r throne greater than the throne iseif. Lit
hiiu that sits thereon bawaic.
If the principles of the Kansas N bra.--
ka bill, as enunciated by the Cincinnaii
Platform, had been carried out with a
fair and honest hand, Kansas would have
b "on a Free State. The right of the peo
ple- to vote on their Constitution, was and
is inherent—it wa- not a rignt to be</iV
>n, but a right that could not be taken
away without a violation of the hrst tuu
jdauieiital principles of self-government.
In small communities all the people may
assemble and enact their laws, and ap
point officers t carry them into effect.—
i he majority ruling it, would be a pure
■ democrat ic government. Kut, suppose
this little community has grown so large
i that ail cannot assemble together to make
';ts constitution and laws, and it must be
I done by delegates elected by the people,
i Now, it becomes necessary tor the Legis
lature of this community to pass a law
•| tuthorizing the people to elect delegates
to a convention to form a constitution, in
I '
. i order that they may be admitted into the
United Suites of America. Among the
;rhe details of this law, we find a clause
j requiring certain officers to take the ceu
-us of t itc people, and register ai! the
■ | bona fid■ citizens of the community, at a
I given or specified time, in order to know
. 1 m eicctiou day who are the legal voters.
| Now, these officers are of one political
j party, and the people in uiueteea counties
ijou'of thirty-four are of another party.
Said officers perform their duty in tiftecn
• counties, which are of their own party,
: thereby making theui legal voters; but
efu-e to register the nineteen counties,
I thereby disfranchising the majority, and
' giving tha minority power to carry out
their favorite scheme.
This is the kind of representative pov
| eminent under which the Leeomptou Con
stitution was formed, —one of the most
; glaring frauds since the Tea an Stamp
j Act of George 111 of England. And
I Pennsylvania Democracy says " cio.-ie.your
month*. Hush, be still—don't talk—you
' will raise the count!) I" Gentlemen, all
can't be gagged. I have worked as hard
jas any ut you in the good old cause of
; equal rights, but whenyout.dk of closing
' my mouth, or that of my br thers, it does
■ seem as though it was high time we had
another Declaration of Independence,
ilead the "d resolution of the 4th of March
Convention —" in the admission of new
States, with or without slavery, as they
may cl -i t, the equal rights of all the
States will be preserved," Ac. u As thy
May tfect!" Now, it is a well-known
tact, that the people of Kansas have de
cided, by a large majority, against the Co
coa.ptuu Constitution ; yet the democracy
of Pennsylvania urges the admis-iori of
Kansas uuder that most damnable act of
viiiiany, and then cries out "close your
mouths." What was the principle ob
jection made by the democracy against
the Topeka Constitution .' We demanded
■ | that it should be made by the people. We
jNcbiaska men claimed that it was the
offspring of a political party—that if it
had beeu voted upon by all the loiw /ufe
citizens of Kansas there would have been
a large majority against it. Just so wo
Democ ats and Nebraska men of 1858 do
claim for the Eccompton frauds. In 1856
our watch w..rd in Potter County, and the
whole iio'tiiern ti r, was, "Buchanan,
Kreckenridgo and Free Kansas." Our
1 : opponents pretended that we meant that
j ßuchanan would make Kansas a free
state at ail hazards. We meant uo such
1 thing. Hut this tee did mean : That Kan
sas would be FREK. How free? Why,
free to make her own constitution and io
i eal laws—free to establish her own do
mestic institutions, free from ai! outside
inter.crence, and especially from the Pres
ident and the Democratic party. We hive
been deceived. For this same President
1 and his party are now forcing Kansas in
to the Union at the cannons mouth—( Had
.not that mouth better be closed ?—with
a constitution as repugnant to the people
of Kansas as was the Declaration of In
dependence to the British crown in 1776.
In 188(3, Mr. Buchanan stood bv the side
of Thomas H. Benton in the V. S. Senate
—and there, too, wap Silas Wright and
Y\ m. 11. King, and all that phalanx of
talent and patriotism which was then the
pride and glory of the democratic party—
declaring that the people are sovereign,—
jthat tho majority must decide, and that
they could not be divested uf that ]>oiccr.