THE JOURNAL.
HUNTINGDON, PA,
Thursday Morning, Jan.ls, Pi3t,
J. SZWELL STEW ART—F.DiTou.
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Y. 11. PALMER
Ti our Authorized agent in Philadelphia, New
York and BatMinor°, to receive advertisements,
and any persons in those cities wishing to adver
tise in our columns, will please call on him.
FOR THE PRESIDENCY IN 1852,
WINFIELD SCOTT,
OF NEW JERSEY.
FOR VICE PRESIDENT IN 1852,
JAMES C. JONES,
07 TENNESSEE.
U See new advertisements,
(I:7' We are under the necessity this
week of issuing but a half sheet, as a sup
ply of paper, which was ordered in due
time was detained on the way by deep
snow of last week. We shall guard
against such a contingency in the future.
DEDICATION.
The new German Reformed Church of
Alexandria will be dedicated to the ser
vice of Almighty God on Monday, the
22th inst. Tho public are respectfully
invited to attend.
l 7 The Washington correspondent of
the Philadelphia North American, under
date of Deo. 28, says it will be understood
in political circles that President Fillmore
will take some early and proper occasion
to withdraw his name perenatorily as a
candidate for the Presidency and that ev
er since he succeeded Gen. Taylor, this
purpose has been honestly entertained.
GEN. SCOTT AT CUICAOO.—That able
paper, the Chicago Journal, declares it
self for Scott for President. The people
of Chicago, and of Illinois generally, will
not soon forget the melancholy cholera
scenes through which Scott had to pass in
that region in 1831, during the Black
Hawk war, in which a majority of his regi
ment fell victims to the disease. Nor will
the people of the• Northwest forget the
prominent part Scott afterwards took in
°Sooting a pacification of the warring tribes
of that country, for which he received the
official commendation of Gen. Cu,,. Sec
retary of War.—lowa State Journal..
[l7-A. traveller records certain peculi
arities of the citizens. of Vienna, as fol
lows:
"If they meet you after dinner, instead
of "good afternoon," they say, "I hope
you have had a good dinner;" if before
dinner, they hope "you will dine to your
satisfaction." These• are common saluta
tions even among business men. In po
lite circles, when a repast is concluded,
the company rise, shake hands,, and ex
press to each other the wish that no ill
effects may be experienced from what has
bean eaten. The parting salutation at
night is not simply and vaguely "good
night," but, "may you sleep well, my
dear," or "may your dreams be pleasant."
Their "good bye" is a strong expression,
andlneans, "may you live well while we
are separated." The gentlemen, all beard
ed and woustaehed as they are, kiss one
another even in the street with all the ferven
cy and abandon of lovers when they meet
by moonlight alone." The Viennese aro in
deed a gay and very amiable people. Vi
enna is, in fact, the Paris of Eastern Eu
r;:pe.
lt7' Of the gradual abatement of kind
ness between friends, the beginning is of
ten scarcely dloernible by themselves; and
the process is continued by potty provoca
tions and incivilities, sometimes peevishly
returned, and sometimes contemptuously
negleeted, which would escape all atten
tion but that of pride, and drop from any
memory but that of resentment.
1 3 / 1 910,..During the past year there
Lwow) 14,621,000 worth of cigars hopor
%Ode the 11. Shoes.,
GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE.
To the Honorable the Senators and -Mem
bers of the House of Representatives
of the General ✓lssembly:
FELLOW CITIZENS:—In the abundance
of our harvests, the universal health of
our people, and the maintenance of peace,
and individual and social prosperity, arc
to be found new motives of gratitude to
the Father of Mercies, who holds our des
tinies in his hands. The grateful homage,
the acknowledgement of our dependence
on his Almighty Will, it becomes us most
cheerfully to render.
Never, in the history of the commonwealth,
has there been a period of more prosper
ous tranquility. The citizens of the State,
aside from other sources of contentment,
have at last realized that a cause of dis
quiet, which has for the last twenty-five
years oppressed them, is about to be re
moved. A beginning has been made in
the practical liquidation of the public debt.
On the 'lst of December, 1848, the amount
of the public debt was, $40,842,379 31
" " " 1851, " 40,114,236 39
Thus, within the last three years, there
has been effected a reduction of upwards
of seven hundred thousand dollars of in
debtedness, without impairing the efficiency
of the public works, or retarding any plans
of practical benificence, such as the Legis
la tore, according to a policy of wise econ
omy, have thought proper to authorize.
I do not hesitate to attribute this im
portant result to the successful operation
of the efficient and real sinking fund sys
tem, established by an act of the Pith
April, A. 1).,1848. The detailed trans
actions of the commissioners of the fund
will appear in their report, to be submit
ted to the Legislature.
This system, copied in its leading fea
tures from that which was established in
the early years of our history, for the ex
tinguishment of the national debt, has
worked admirably. While there can be
no precipitated cancellation of public secu
rities, suck would derange and disturb our
monetary relations, neither can their be,
under the present law, any such accumula
tion of stocks in the hands of the Commis
sioners as to tempt or permit the applica
tion of the fund, under any accidental
emergency, to other purposes than that
fo. which it is set apart. Pledged to the
payment of the public debt, it must be
sacredly regarded. The creation of this
fund, and the adoption of the system of
making no loans, unless provision for their
liquidation be made in the laws authori
zing them; have already exercised a moral
influence on public policy. Like the pro
tective system in national legislation,
though by another process, they prevent
the Representatives of the people from
heedlessly ineut ring now debt; they make
the payment of the public debt a part of
the fixed policy of the State, which no one
will be willing to disavow or disturb; they
interfere with no extension of public im
provements or expenditures for beneficent
purposes. The first application of sur
plus revenue is to pay a portion of the
State debt, the next to extend and main
tain such objects of public improvement as
will, when completed, increase actual reve
nue and diffuse the greatest good. To
maintain that system of financial policy,
which has for its object the gradual and
certain extinguishment of the public clAbt,
is as well the only as it will be doubtless
the earnest desire of the general assembly.
Believing that the revenues of the Com
monwealth, if properly guarded, are ade
quately sufficient for both subjects—the
payment of the debt and the completion of
the public improvements; I ttgainitnd ear
nestly press on the attention of the Legis
lature the claims of that great section of
the State lying on the North Branch of
the Susquehanna. The north branch Ca
nal ought to be finished without further
delay. Its completion would insure in
creased revenue to the Treasury, and
would be a simple act of justice to a large
portion of the people interested in its con
struction.
The propriety of calling upon the Na
tional Government for a portion of the
public lands in aid of the several great
lines of railway communication within our
borders, is again suggested and urged up
on your favorable consideration.
To the existing and completed In
ternal Improvements • ofthe State, or
rather to the mode of their administration,
I invite special attention. There is in it
some radical defects, which needs refor
mation. It is wanting in proper checks
and the enforcement of proper responsibili
ty, to secure which it is respectfully urged
upon the Legislature to make such change
as will authorize the elect* of one Canal
the whole supervision of the system, and
the selection by the Legislature of an En
gineer, to sarve for a similar term, to whom
shall be committed the duty of making the
necessary examinations anti estimates of
the propriety arid cost of construction and
repair of the public works. That a com
missioner or agent for payments shall be
selected by the Internal Improvement
Commissioners, to be charged with the dis
bursement of the public funds annually ap
propriated to these purposes. Officers
thus selected, owing their appointment to
different powers in the Government,
would from that fact and the nature of
their duties, set as checks upon each oth
er, bring responsibility directly to each de
partment of the system, and secure a more
active and energetic discharge of duty.
It cannot be doubted that the revenues
derived from the Public IVorks ought to
be very greatly increased, These fill
provenieuts should now brings clear reve
nue source of such revenue within twenty
years from the period of their construc
tion, while with us, from causes heretofore
suggested for Legislative control, the re-1
suit has been widely defferent.
Our system of Public Education is far
from the perfection which is desirable.—
The defect appears to arise from insuffi
ciency of funds, and the want of proper
teachers. It is manifest that competent
I persons, in sufficient numbers to supply
the demand for their services, cannot be
had, unless some practical plan is adopted
as part of the Common School system, to
creat professional teachers. The ability
to impart knowledge to others, particular
ly to young minds, is to be obtained only
after long and patient study, assisted by
all the facilities which science and learn.
ing can afford. The future greatness and
happiness of the country depend so much
upon the enlightenment of thepublic mind,
that the statesman and patriot cannot de
vote his time energies and talents, to a
more worthy object than its attainment.
The recent agricultural exhibition was
so numerously attended, and so creditable
to our people, in the display of works of
skill and home industry, as well as of an.-
ricultural implements and stock, that
am convinced great public good must re
sult from it. The urgent requests of a
former message, believed to be of value
and importance to this great interest, it is
hoped 'will meet favorable action at your
hands. These exhibitions should be re
peated in other parts of the State, and
cherished as the best means of diffusing
practical and scientific knowledge of agri
culture. The establishment of a State
Society for Western Pennsylvania would
be highly advantageous to the people of
that portion, deprived as they are, by the
difficulty of transportation, of a full parti
cipation in the benefits of the present So
ciety.
Contracts have been made for the pub
lication of the colonial Records, and of
maps and other documents connected with
the Geological Survey of the State. An
interesting report from the gentleman
charged with the arrangement for publica
tion of the Pennsylvania Archives accom
panies this message. I invite to it and
to these important and interesting papers
your favorable action. The supervison of
the publication of these papers should be
entrusted to the gentleman who has ar
ranged them. The labor performed has
greatly exceeded the amount contemplated
by the Legislature, and hence demands ad
ditional compensation.
The Insane Asylum as well as the other
charitable institutions in which the State
is directly interested, are in a prosperous
condilion. The kindly regards of the As
sembly aro solicited for these institutions.
It is a pleasant reflection now, and will
be a grateful reminiscence hereafter, that
to the promotion of all these interests, the
administration of public affairs, while un
der my control, has faithfully, and to some
extent officially directed ifs labors. It is
to be regretted that more was not meow
plished, but it is still encouraging to know
that so much of practical good has been
done.
In the enactment of the revenue laws
of the National Government, much injury
has resulted to many of the industrial in
terests of the State. Their alteration in
such manner as will protect those interests,
all must earnestly desire. I have on for
mer occasions wont fully expressed my
views cn this subject, and have urged upH
on the Legislature the propriety of such
action as would influence favorably the Na
tional Congress. The great manufactu
ring, mining, and agricultural interests of
Pennsylvania require and demand a change
of the present system of tariff laws. 'rho
ill success attending former efforts, fur
nishes no excuse for an omission again to
call attention to the subject. In the con
federacy of States; we hold an important
position. Pennsylvania, from the num
bers of her population, and their acknowl
edged patriotism, has a right to demand for
her industry that kindly legislation which
it deserves and should receive. It is not
the part of a high-minded people to make
bargains for the security of their rights,
and it is equally unbecoming tamely to sub
mit to oppression and wrong. A firm and
manly demand for the change of policy
which is rapidly impoverishing a portion of
our citizens, retarding the growth of the
State, and preventing the development of
its mineral resources, would have the ef
fect of securing from our National Govern
ment such modification of its laws.as would
protect American labor against the ruin
ous competition it meets, is our markets,
from the labor of foreign countries. It is
most sincerely to be hoped, that the pres
ent Assembly will determine, in its action
on this subject, to be faithful to Penn
sylvania.
A communication from the Inspectors
of the Western Penitentiary has been laid
before me. Its statements show that the
number of finished cells is inadequate to
the accommodation of the convicts. To
secure punishment by separate confinement,
it is proposed to finish another tier of cells
already commenced. W hilst concurring
fully in the recommendation of the worthy
Ihspeotors, I desire to call your early
attention to their letter hereto annexed.
My attention has been directed by the
occurrence of fearful accidents in the cit
ies of our Commonwealth, to the necessity
of precautionary legislation on the subject
of the construction of private and public
buildings in crowded communities. I re
spectfully ask your consideration of this
matter. It is idle to say that a settee of
individual self-interest is a sufficient pro
tection on this subject. All experience
shows it is not. sn ; and that in localities
where ground is very valuable, space re
stricted, and competition for position ac
tive, everything is lost sight of but tem
phrary advantage, The publio is not
roused to the sense of impending danger
until some frightful casuality, involving
the loss of innocent human life startles
it from false security. Legislation in pre
vention of the recurrence of these casuali
ties is earnestly recommended.
The laws in relation to small notes is
sued by banks of other States have failed
to realize the results i,:tended Legislature.
In many counties they are entirely disre
garded. In a former message reference
was made to the evil consequences likely
to result to the morals of a community from
open disobedience to law. It is clear that
the present law is not, and will not be ex
ecuted. The circulating medium it pro
poses to banish, should not be permitted
to exist among us, in its present condition.
Authority to the banks of the Common
wealth to issue this denomination of 'mon
ey, would speedily drive from circulation
this depreciated currency, by the substi
tution of notes issued by institutions un
der the control of the Legislature. In
relation to this subject, as well as to a sys
tem of free banking, based upon public se
curities, the recommendations of a former
message are respectfully referred to your
careful consideration.
I would refer you to the Report of the
Canal Commissioners for a detailed state
ment of the proceeding on the public
works during the past year; and to the re
ports of the Auditor General, State Treas
urer, Sulveyoi General, Superintendent of
Common Schools, and Adjutant General,
for information in relation to the operations
and condition of their several departments
during the same period.
The following estimates of receipts and
expenditures for the current year are duly
submitted:
Estimate Receipts
From Lands, $20,000
Auction commissions, 22,000
Auction duties, 60,000
Tax on dividends, '220,000
" corporation stock !60,000
" real and personal estate, 1,350,000
Licenses, Tavern, 100,000
" Retailers' 170,000
" Pedlers' 2,000
" Brokers' 8,000
" Theatre, circus and
menagerie, 4,000
" Distillery and Brewery, 3,000
" Billiard rooms, &c., 3,000
" Eating house, &a., 8,000
" Patent medicine, 3,000
Pamphlet laws, 500
Militia. fines, 9,000
Foreign insurance companies, 3,000
Tax or writs, &c., 45,000
" on offices, 18,000
Collateral inheritance,l7s,ooo
Canal and railroad tolls, 1,700,000
Canal fines, 1,000
Tax on enrollment of law, 5,000
Premium on charters, 20,000
Tax on loans, 140,00
Interest on loans, 20,000
Sales of public property, 10,000
Tax on tonnage, &c., 25,000
Dividends from bridge tolls, 500
Accrued interest, 2,000
Refunded cash, 10,000
Escheats, 1,500
Fees of public offices, 4,000
Miscellaneous, 5,000
Estimated Expenditures,
Public works—supervision and
repair,
Expenses of government, 240,000
Militia expenses, 5,000
Pensions and gratuities, 15,000
Charitable institutions, 100,00
Common schools, 200,000
Commissioners of sinking fund, 233,000
Interest on public debt, 2,020,000
Guarantied interest, 80,000
Domestic creditors, 5,000
Damage on public works, 20,000
Special commissions, 5,00
State Library, 5,00
Public grounds and buildings, 10,000
Penitentiaries, 40,000
House of Refuge, 6,060
Nicholson lands, 2,000
Escheats, 1,000
Geological survey, 8,000
Colonial Records, 5,000
Abatement of State tax, 45,000
Relief notes, 2,500
Counsel fees,&o., 5,000
North Branch Canal, 350,000
Miscellaneous, 10,000
An act, entitled "An Act to graduate
lands on which money is due and unpaid to
the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania," pas
sed the 10th day of April, A. D., 1835,
expired, by its own limitation, on the 10th
day of December last. Its re-enactment
would secure to many the advantages of
the law, who, from pecuniary inability, or
others causes, have been unable to avail
themselves of its provisions.
It will devolve upon the pres‘nt Assem
bly to make an apportionment of the State,
for the election of members of the House
of Reps esentatives of the United States. I
feel confident the greatest care will be ob
served, to give to every portion of the
Commonwealth its just claims, to make the
arrangement of the Congressional Distriots
strictly conformable to those considera
tions of population and locality which
should apply to them.
And now, gentlemen of the General
Assembly, as this is the last 000asion upon
which I shall formally, l a y message, ad
dress you, I beg to present to you, at par
ting, assurance of my highest esteem and
regard.
WM. F. JOHNSTON.
EXECUTIVE CHAMBER,
Harrisburg January 5, 1852.
FROM CALIFORNIA.—The Steamship'
Cherokee, with the mails from California
to the sth of December, arrived at New
York on new-year's day bringing over two
millions of dollars in gold dust. Sjte
brings news five days later than the Pro
metheus. The passage from San Francis
co occupied but 26 days, being the short
est ever yet made.
The principal subject of interest in the
California news is the alarming state of
feeling among the Indians on the the Col
orado and in the vicinity of San Diego,
Las Angelos, Santa Barbara, &c. The
outbreak had commenced among the
Indians in these districts, and was daily
assuming a more threatening character.—
The enforcement of the tax laws among
the Indians is said to be the ostensible
mule of the rebellion, to which they have
been incited by the lower class of native
Californians, who cherish the most bitter
feeling against the Americans. Vol
unteer companies were being organized to
march against them. The news from the
mines is without special interest.
WOMAN 1 HER RIGHTS AND
DUTIES.
BY ANNA OF NEW YORK.
On every side we hear the subject of
"Woman's Rights" discussed, by some in
the spirit of ridicule, but by others and
among them some of the most intellectual
and refined, of both sexes, in the spirit of
truth. So that we may hope the mists of
ignorance and prejudice which have so
long obscured woman's true sphere will
soon pass away, and the atmosphere become
clear and beautiful.
There are two errors into which many
fall, in discussing this question. First,
they ascribe the guilt of woman's slavery
to man—that he is her sole oppressor, and
but for him she would long ere this have
moved in a higher sphere.—And in the
second place, they assert that woman is
now fitted to fill this high sphere, and
with dignity and grace sustain the re
sponsibilities devolving upon her. - But,
had woman been true to her own noble na
ture, and not allowed vanity to quench the
'light within,' and indolence to corrode her
mind, she might have long since, educated
and emancipated herself, and been strong
enough to have taken her "rights," not
asked for them. And, although man has
tried to make her weak and dependent, she
might have resisted, and, therefore, on her
own head must the blame rest.
It is also evident that the greater num
ber of women, even in this country, chris
tianized and refined though it be, are ut
terly unfit for their real duties in life. So
her redemption must be gradual—she
must work her own way up, and overcome
all obstacles in her path.
Let us, for a moment, glance at woman,
in the higher ranks of society. Those to
whom God has given wealth, by means of
which they can acquire education, and be
come the benefactors of others, and whose
especial mission ought to be, to instruct
and elevate their more ignorant sisters,
and exalt the character of woman.
Are they thus true to their mission?—
Do they unselfishly devote themselves to
this n)ble work?
4,317,500
$900,000
. Instead of this, angels -might weep o'er
the misspent lives and wasted time of the
"ladies" of our day. For the external is
cultivated at the expense of the internal
the casket is adorned, but the jewel, oh! the
immortal jewel within, untouched, unap
preciated. A false fastidiousness instead
of true refinement, and labor, heaven-or
dained labor, looked upon as degrading--
fit only for the low and vulgar.—Their
education is not such as fits them to in
struct others; they have not an aim high
and holy in life.
$4,253,500
Young ladies of this class go to school,
and go through a high sounding list of
studies—graduate about sixten or seven
' teen, their education b "finished," of
course. But, in reality, as ignorant as
they entered; for w 4 hat they seem to know
has been put on them. Their funds have
not been roused and strengthened by grap
pling with the difficulties of science, and
by a course of vigorous, independent re
flection. They have strayed into the fields
'of literature, and gathered a few showy
flowers, but not explored its wide domain,
or secured its valuable fruits. They sing,
dance, and play; but to nurse the sick, to
instruct the ignorant, to work with both
head and hand, are not recognized as du
ties by them.
Going to balht and partion, thinking of
dress and beaux (as silly as thomacie•a
fill up the next few years. They
nothing, save vanity and horror of
anything useful.—They ovinoo a
contempt of those who do not be:
the same "set" as themselves, and s
with disgust from "those woman" vL.
work for a livelihood. To them the
important event in life is to get mai•riel,
and if their husbands be rich enough to
indulge their taste in blonde veils, white
satins, ribbons and laces, and live in
"style," they are satisfied.—No thoughts
enter their minds of the sacredness of the
marriage vows which may not be spoken,
save from the' depths of a loving heart.—
No anxious scrutiny of the character of him
to• whom those vows are spoken. No fears
lest they may not be able to train for a
high destiny the immortal beings commit
ted to their charge. No shrinking from
the holy but deeply responsible name cf
mother.
This is but a feebly drawn sketob of
many of the wives and daughters of t-. 1
day—woman who, originally gifted v. tt.
minds capable of doing much to advair:c
the best interests of their sex, are nano •
ting their sphere, and making thew still
more helpness.
Their influence is injurious to . both men
and women, for how can men with such
wives, become strong to battle with the
difficulties of life! Can such mothers
bring up sons, fully developed in mind and
body! Such women cannot inspire in the•
minds of their working sisters a true self
respect, which will buoy them up above
temptation, for they despise labor, and
would not only be ashamed to work, but
look down upon and despise those wgo are
compelled to do it, instead of encouraging
their self-respect and raising them in the
scale of being. They do not exert a refi
ning influence upon those who are obliged
to serve them. They would laugh at tho
very idea of instructing their servants,
and trying to take away the middle wall of
partition, which a wrong state of society
has placed between them. They treat
them as if inferior in soul as well as in
rank, which is not so, for oftimes holier
thoughts higher aspirations, and sweeter
affections, fill the heart of the lowly ser
vant-girl, than that of her haughty mis
tress. They do not go to the erring of
their own sex, and with words of truth and
tenderness, try to restore the dimmed lus
ter of the jewel of purity which God has
set in every human heart. But passing by
their actions proclaim, "we are holier than•
thou," while they Ihrink not from contact
with men equally degraded.
Now, is it unjust to blame men for the
enslaved condition of woman, while so ma
ny of themselves live in "vain show," leav
ing thousands of their sisters to perish for
"lack of knowledge."
Yet we often bear these fahionable la
dies, in a fit of ennui, say, "they do wish
they had something to do," and sometimes
they get so high up as to exclaim against
the customs of society, which makes it un
ladylike to work. But will these insincere
words plead with God, and atone for lost
time! Oh! no: for he has placed them in
a world full of work, and the customs of
society, they themselves make, will not ex
case their pride and indolence.
The world needs women—true, noble,
thinking, working-women! fully developed,
physically and mentally, before its redemp
tion can be accomplished. Women who
will not be bound by chains ever so flow
ery, and whom no words of flattery sweet
ly whispered, oan lure from an independent
purpose in life,—women who will not, to
gratify a false taste in men, destroy both
'health and life in conforming to his stan
dard of physical beauty, and who will not
allow dress to engross so much of time and
thought,—woman who will not become de
pendent and helpless, in order that degen
erate men may call them, "perfectly femi
nine," and will not bo deterred from the
right for fear of being thought unwom
anly."
And the day is coming—its light has
already dawned—in which woman will
wake from her lethargy, and take a noble
part in the "battle of life."
DENMARK.-A Proposition has been
introduced into the Danish Diet for the
sale of the possessions of the government
in the West Inies. A lively discussion
ensued, but the measure had not been dis
posed of.
FASHION. —'Why in such a hurry!' said
a man to an acquaintance. 'Sir,' said the
man, I have bYught a new b, nnet for my,
wife, and fear the fashion may change
before I gel home.
rrg""A young poet out West, in deeeti
bing Heaven, says it is a .6 world of bliss
fence(' in with girls." -