THE JOURNAL.
comer ,RINCIPLIS....4UPPORTUI DT TIITR.I
NUN TINGDON, TUESDAY, APRIL 2, 1850.
TEAMS :
The "HUNTIMIIIION JOURKAI." is publishadat
the following rates, viz SI,TS a year, if paid
in advance ; $2,00 if paid during the year, and
$2,30 if not paid until after the expiration of
She year. The above terms to be adhered to in
all . .
No subscription taken for leis than six months,
and no paper discontinued until all arrearagea
are paid, unless at the option of the publisher.
DEMOCRATIC WHIG
COUNTY MEETING.
The Democratic Whigs and all friends of the
National and Sate administrations, of Hun
tingdon county, are requested to meet in.COUN-
Tif MEETING on Y EVENING, Aram
9, MO, for the purpose of choosing a Represen
tative Delegate to the Whig State Convention,
to nominate a Candidate for Canal Commission
er, and selecting Conferrees, to meet similar
Conferees from the counties of Bedford and
Blair, to select a Senatorial Delegate to said
Convention. A general attendance is request
ed. By order of the County Committee.
JAS. CLARK, Chairman.
W. B. Zeigler, Seey.
U7' Such of our mubacribers as have changed
or Intend to change their residence., will please
leave information of their location at the office.
ecreot. CORVIN and Hon. S. CALVIN, have
oar thanks for favors.
Pay Up.
We expect those indebted to on for subecrip
lion, job work and advertising, to replenish our
exhausted purse next week. Those of our
friends whom we have been indulging for some
years past, will not complain now if we insist
en the payment of their bills. We have had
and still have many heavy expense■ to me,t.
and will therefore be compelled to collect the
accounts due us.
New Advertisements.
Those of our business men who sell chow and
who have furnish id themselves with goods that
they can with confidence recommend, it will be
seen, have advertised their Spring Goods in our
columns. Turch hould always bear in mind
that those who advertise are the most enterpris
ing business men, have the best goods and sell
the cheapest.
Sir, & Maxima hare removed their Jewelry
Store to the well known corner formerly ac
e:vied by Col. D. Buoy, and latterly by Jas. T.
Scott, where they have opened a most brilliant
assortment of Watches, Jewelry, rocket Knives,
&e. Call and see them.
Poem & MARVIRE, Ced. Geo. Gw•tr, and
Fume, M'Mvet nix & Co., Have all received
their Spring and Summer Goods, during the
past week. These gentlemen• are all honora
ble busbiess men, have most elegen4 aesor:ments,
and are selling remarkably cheapt
Private school.—Mr. J. A. HAI.. still
continues his private school in the new Academy
building, in this place. This school, on account
of the unrivalled ability of its teacher to impact'
instruction to the yaung, has been liberally
patronized ever since it w•as opened, up to the
present time. See card.
llrrWit Trees,—We have frequently heard
it remarked by farmers and others, that the
Cultivation of superior fruit has been very mm
neglected by the citizens of this county. This
should not be the case. Every farmer should
devote A portion of his time to cultivating good
yru:t, of every variety. Mr. H. HAMMOND, from
York county, will be in Huntingdon next week
with a choice variety of young Peach Trees, and
we would advise our farmers, and citizens gen
erally who have ground to plant in, to provide
themselves with some of Oese trees.
Whig Couniy Me ~ling.
We hope to seea large turn out :t the Whig
County Meeting on Tuesday evening nett. The
situation of public ;Airs demand the en; nest
attention of the People of the whole country:
Let then the Whigs of old Huntingdon turn
out in their strength, and give expression to
their views on all subjects of public interest.
Meetings are being held in all the cities, towns
and villages of the South, to C 1411,611 the senti
ments of the People of that section, and hence
if becomes the imperative deny of the free
men of the North to speak out also.
Gov. Johnston's Message.
This able paper will be found on our first page.
We bespeak for it a careful perusal. It is so
plain in its atyle, and truly Pennsylvanian in
its spirit, that it requires no elucidation, and
commendation is unnecessary. We venture to
say that this message expresses the sentiments
entertained by at least nine•tenths of the People
pf Pennsylvania.
The Tariff.
On Friday last the Resolutions relative to
the Tart " came up in order in the House of
Rep olives at Harrisburg, bat the House
refused to go into their consideration by a vote
of 46 to 46 ! The Locofocos appear determined
to sustain the British Minister at Washington ,
in his opposition to a modification of the present
Tnriff.
ConviastavroNs.--The U. S. Senate on the
11th inst., confirmed the appointments of the
Pon. Wm. C. Rives, Minister to France. Mr.
Marsh, Minister to Constantinople, and Mr. W.
t. P. White, Post Master at Philadelphia.—
Several other nominations have been eonfirmed
Ones that time.
trrourt commence' in this county on Mott
sy newt.
Base Insinuation.
The insinuation contatnud in the last Globe
that Messrs. COMM and King " were a party
concerned" in the passage of the act, affecting
the erection of is new free bridge at this place,
from mercenary motives, exhibits a malignity
and recklessness on the part of the editor, that
we did not conceive him capable of. And the
insinuation not Only affects the gentlemen named
but is also directed against an old and highly re
spectable private citizen of Walker township,
in this vicinity.
If war Representative., by neglect, allowed
the passage of an Act affecting the interests of
the People, it is well known that they also al
lowed the passage of an amendment which strips
that act of all its objectionable features. And
hence we think the account is squared. No one
is injured, and why sho u ld there be any excite
ment on the subject I It is well known that
acts of a private character are daily passing
without the members generally understanding
their provisions. The act complained of, telates
to bridges on the Juniata generally; and says
nothing about the Huntingdon Dtidge specially.
It was read by the member from Juniata, and
passed through the Legislature without exciting
any special attention. 'the monopoly-hating
democracy of the blouse never attempted to
strangle the little monster, but looked span it
complacently, as it swiftly passed through the
different stages, from a quiet little bill to a most
important Law. How did this happen I Does
the Globe charge all the members with recoil•
ing a "consideration." if so, we repel the
charge ; for however anxious the anli-corpora
t:on Lncofocos of the Legislature might have
beets to receive arguments, such as are general.
ly used to change their siesta in regard to cor
porations, we would not from any motive, so
vilely slander one of our neighbors,s to suppose
that the gentleman having charge of the bill
would be guilty of gratifying their anxiety.
In regard to the insinuation made against the
reputation of Messrs. King and Cornyn, it needs
no refutation. At Harrisburg their characters
are above reproach. In the House Mr. Cor
nyn is looked upon as one of the most efficient,
, high minded and influential members. this
whole bearing is honorable to himself and cred
itable to his constituents. In the Senate, we
can say the same of Mr. King. We do not want
to defend these gentlemen for any neglect of
duty f but we do feel it incumbent upon us to
speak oat when such monstrous attacks, merely
to gratify patty spleen, are made on their fair
fame.
Dr. Webster% Trini,
The testimony in this important trial, has
been too voluminious for publication it our
paper. The Philadelphia Ledger of Saturday
last says: This trial is nearly closed, the coun
sel for the defence having commenced his closing
argument. The defence mainly rely upon Dr:
W.'s former good character and upon technical
objections to the indictment to save him from
conviction. They endeavored fo show that Dr.
Parkmart Was seen subsequent to the time uthen
the alleged murder was committed, and that
there are reasonable doubts about the identity
of the remains found being those of Dr. Park
, man. Relying on the reputation of Dr. Webster ;
and throwing doubt upon the fact of the murder
and the identify of , the remains, they trust that
the chain of evidence Will be broken, and that
the government will fail to make our a case:
Many of the sanguine friends of Dr. Webster,
who have all along felt confident in his inno
cence, manifest much• trepidation, the Boston
Mail says, at the ground assumed; and look
upon it as in a great measure yielding the case.
It has been assumed with greet' positiveness
that the whole matter would lie clearly proved
to be a conspiracy.
P. S.—THE VERDICT.—Since 1110 above
was in type, we learn from the papers
that the Jury in the above case returned a vcr
nict Guilty, after three hours deliberation.
The pritionor, Dr. Webster, was deeply effected
on the rendition of the verdict.
Canal Commissioner.
The Harrisburg 'Plow, aide in the course of a
well timed article, calling the Whigs of the
State to their duty, suggests the re-nomination
of HENRY M. FuLLatc, Esq., fot Canal Connis
oioner, if he will again accept the arduous posi
tion of Whig standard-bearer in the contest, and
proceeds to show by a comparison of the votes
for several years back, that Mr. Fuller posses
ses a popularity at the North enjoyed perhaps
by no other man, while his experience and zeal
eminently fit him for the station, and render
Wm the most likely to bring out the full vote
and the united strength of the party. The
popularity of Mr. Fuller at home is clearly
pro;'en by the fact that Luzerne county, which
gave 6:2unk in 1817, 1279 majority, in 1819
gave Mr. Gamble but 571 majority ; and his
strong positioo in the North generally is shown
by a comparison uf the majorities in the north
eastern counties, in 1848 and 1819, which the
Telegraph furnishes, from which we find that he
made an inroad upon the opposition vote in
those counties of over two thotsand ! And
this was accomplished when Mr. Fuller was
opposed by a Northern man, taken up solely
with a view of commanding the vote of the
North, and shaping all his opinions and efforts
to that end. Mr. Fuller would make a strong
candidate, and if elected, a good officer ; and we
cordially unite with the Telegraph in urging his
renomination by the Philadelphia Convention.
The Union.
The Southern allies of Northern Locofocoism
seem to be getting ashamed of the threats they
so lustily thundered forth tavorabtoto .7 dissolu
tion of the Union. Clemens, Jefferson Davis,
Foote, &c., who were the sentinels of Loco
focoism in the Senate, and who were on the
floor u dozen times every day, spicing their
speeches with tirades against the Union, are
now seldom heard from, with the exception of
Foote, who is becoming quite attached to our
Confederacy.—The people are sot yet ready to
lend themselves to the breaking down of Gen.
Taylor's administration by a dissolution of the
Union, and Locofocoism will find itself foiled in
this instance as it has been in every other. The
Union will be preserved and Gen. Taylor will
be sustained; so Locofocoism must try some
other expedient again to get into power,—Leb.
Pennsylvania Legislature.
We are without our usual Harrisburg letter
this week. The Pa. Intelligencer informs us
that a bill has passed the Legislature making the
Auditor Genera!, Surveyor General and Deputy,
or County Surveyors, elective by die people—
each to hold their offices for three years. A
bill has also passed the Senate giving to the peo
ple the election of Prosecuting Attorneys. A
bill to accomplish the latter purpose passed the
Legislature of 1347, but was vetoed by Gov.
Shank, under the advice, we suppose, of the l
present Democratic editor of the Nevaerre.—
' Then the party cried hallelujah to the Governor
far his veto. Nose the party vote for the elec
tion of Prosecuting Attorneys. What change
has come over the spirit of their dreams 1 The
cause Is evident. We now have a Whig Attor
ney teneral, and the Prosecuting Attorneys are
as a general matter Whigs. That a Whig should
bold office grates terribly upon the nerves of
Locofocos, and in order to prevent this calami
ty as much as they can, they vote to give the
selection to the people.
Well, while we despise the motives which
induced the passage of this bill, we heartly
approve the measure. It always seemed to us
that the election of these officers should be given
to the people, and hence we opposed, while the.
Globe and other Locofoco papers, approved Gov.
Shank's message vetoing the bill giving the
election of Prosecuting Attorneys to the People.
•
On the 2Gth ult., the Speaker laid before the
Senate a message from the Governor, returning
without his approval ; the bill incorporating the
North Lebanon Railroad Company, on account
of the "hasty legislation" manifested in the
passage of the 4th section. The bill as original
ly reported was for a few miles of railrcad, but
the full-moon faced Senator from 'Crawford,
Mr. Brawley, whose genius and ambition never
rises above paltry trickery, adroitly inserted
the fourth section, giving road companies
throughout the State very extensive powers,
and in this shape our wise-acres at the Capitol
passed it, Gov. Johnston, however, promptly
vetoed it, and on its return to the Senate he was
sustained by a vote of 28 to 2. We agree with
the Lewistown Gazette, that there is ample
room for the exercise of the veto power this
winter at Harrisburg, for never before have we
bad more hasty and indiscreet legislation, or
more monopoly bills, and we hope the Gover
nor will freely use the power vested in him.
We are no advocate for the veto When a legisla
tive body deliberately passes hues, but when
smuggling, and log-rolling, are the order 01 . the
day, LET THE SLEDGE-HAMMED nE FEEELY
The following is an abstract of a bill relating
to fences which has, we believe passed both
Houses:
, 4 No person shall be entitled to damages from
injuries done to' his or her cropsdand, or prem
ises, by the horses,. cattle,• swine Or sheep .of
another person, unless such clops, land or prem
ises arc enclosed by a substantial fence at least
four feet' and a half High. Pitovu.sn, That this
net shall not interfere with the recovery of dam
ages, done by horses or cattle as aroTesaid f
known to the owner or keeper' thereof to be
breochy."
The Tariff—What is Congress Doing.
Congress has now been in session nearly four
monthis, and What has been done for the benefit
of the count: / t t very one will join us in say
ing nothing! iqot the first movement has been
tntelt in'flevor of the great and important inter
ests of the Union. At the very outset before
they were organized, the Slavery question was
thrust upon the House, for the double purpose
of preventing any action upon the Tariff; and
needlessly embroiling the nation in a contest
calculated, (as it is intended,) to absorb all oth
ers.
But 'his game hes been, played quite long
enough. The disunfonists, Locofocos, and tree•
trade advocates must not expect to stifle the
voice of the people, however much they may
that of their representatives in Coney.s. The
life, the welfare, the only hope of the laboring
men of the North are not to be ruthlessly cast
aside, trampled down or neglected by the South
ern cry of "Slavery in danger." And the
Northern men who take more interest in, protec
ting and extending the power of rich slave lords
over their property in man than in protecting
the rights and welfare of the poor man of the
North who earns a livelihood for himself and
family by "the sweat of his brow" in daily toil,
must expect to be called to such an account of
their stewardship as will not be most agreeable.
It will not do for these men to say, to their
constituents that they could not have done any
thing for the north if they had even tried. The
people know better. They believe that there
is a clear majority in the House of Represen
lives in Congress who dare riot go against a bill
for such an increase of the Tariff as will place
our manufactures at least upon an equal footing
with those of Europe, so' as to give the home
market to our own citizens. And the excuse
that such a bill would not pass the Locofoco'
Senate will not be taken to exonerste . Northern
Representatives from doing their duty. Let a
just and proper Tariff bill be passed, affording
protection to the labor of the North, and if the
Senate refuse to pass it, the responsibility will
rest mills deem—and wo be to the Northern Sen
ator who refuses to do his duty I His constitu
ents will not forbear to visit upon him their long
pent wrath and "fiery indignation."
The question is unanimously pressed upon all
sides : "Will not Congress give us a new Tar
a, after all that has been said and done for it 1
Are we still to suffer under the Tariff of 1846,
with ruin and distress at our doors ?"
The Message of the President and the Report
of the Secretary of the Treasury, showed that
the Administration are right, and ready to reflect
the sentiments of the people upon this subject.
All that is wanting is action and perseverance
on the part of their representatives, and this
they expect and demand. The Tariff is the
ouiy question in which they feel a very deep in•
terest. It strikes home to their families and
firesides, and they will pardon no laggard action
on the part of their representatives. We warn
them of this fact, and call upon them to redeem
their pledges either positive or implied, and that
without further delay, if they expect to pass
safely the ordeal of public opinion.—Pa. Tale-
Proceedings of Congress.
The Slavery Question still ocenpiesthe atter
tion of both Houses, and yams ertongh have been
spun on that subject to last for fifty years.
In the Senate, on Tuesday, on a motion Made
by Mr. Foote that some territorial bills be made
the special order at an ettrlyllay,a regular scene
came air between bins and Mr. Benton. The
latter believing the motion to have been made
—as it doubtless was—''or the purpose of post
poning the achnisSion df ealifdrnia, gave notice
to those who desired her adMissidn that they
must now stand by her; whereupon Tolle
iepli
ed with much warmth, indulging in a cdariti
personal attack on Mr. Benton. Mr, B. eitPliin
ed, when Foote again sustained his reputation
for billingsgate.
Mr. Benton—l pronounce it cowardly It) giire
insults where they cannot be chastised.
Mr. Foote ma—Loud cells of "braeh.
Mr. Benton—ls a Senator to be blacktiluraell
day in and day out 1
Mr. Foote (in his seat)—ile is a blackguard I
cries of "order," "order!"
Mr. 13ctiton (resuming)—ls language to be
used here which could not be used it: an oyster
cellar, grocery or tavern 1
Mr. Foote called to order.
Mr. Benton (continuing)—Are such things to
go on 1 Sir, it is time to stop them, and if per
sons use such language here, in a place where a
cudgel cannot be applied to them—the voice of
public indignation must be brought to bear upon
them, until public sentiment can make them be
have with the manners which are due to the Sen
ate.
The Vice President repeated the cell to order.
Renton—•-Well, sir, let the words objected
to be taken down in writing in accordance with
the rule.
After some tither colloquy, Mr. Foot mid,
if the door was not thrown open to him by Mr.
Benton, he could not proceed farther. He inti
mated, however, that ne stood by ail h, had said,
and if Mr. Benton would proceed in the matter
he was ready to meet him%
Mr. Dickenson moved to lay the motion pen
din• on the table, Which Was agreed to.
The nitercatiou was renewed on
Wednesday with but little if any abate
ment of the heat and intemperance of
the day before.
After the ordinary rotine business of
the morning was gone through with,
Mr. Benton rose to it personal explana
tion. Alluding to the report of Senate
proceedings cif yesterday, be stated that
his remarks were reported accurately,
but complained with much warmth of
the report made of Mr Foote's remarks.
He exonerated the reporters entirely,
Intimating very distinctly that he knew
' Mr. Fotite had reported himself. He de
nted the right of any Senator to change
or modify a single expression in a per
tonal matter. As reported, Mr. Foote
was represented car have said that Mr.
Benton was shielded; by his age, his
open disavowal of the obligations of the
laws of honour, and his senatorial priv
ileges. This Wns never said, and if it
lind been, it was false. Let any man
offer him insult where it could be prop
erly clinstized, and he would soon learn
his age. He had borne much indignity
in silence, but having once noticed it,
lie would now give notice to the Senate
that if it forgot that it was the American
Senate, and failed to protect itself from
the use of language which would not be
permitted in the veriest brothel in the
suberbs, he would henceforth protect
himself from all indignity and insult,
cost what it may.
Mr. Foote, in reply, contended that
lie had made no unjustifiable alteration
in his speech. He avowed the report as
his own, but contended that he had ad
ded nothing not absolutely necessary
to fill blanks left by the reporters, be
cause of their inability to hear. He
admitted that he had omitted a para
graph, referring to the affair of honor
between Mr. Benton nod Mr. Butler,
and he had done so at the suggestion of
friends, who considered allusions to the
affair, when settled, not strictly proper.
As to the particular passage objected
to, he asserted that it differed in no par
ticular from the expression used by him.
In conclusion, he wanted to know if
Mr. Benton meant fa say that he• does
consider himself amenable - to the laws of
honor 1 1 do, said Mr. Foote, and if he
does, let him. say so; and I. know my
course.
Baltimore Conferencei
The Baltimore Conference of the Methodist
Episcopal Church, made the following allotment
of ministerial services for the fluntingdiin dis
trict :
T. H. W. Momion, P. E.
Huntingdon—William R. Mills, A. E. Maclay
Lewistown Station—Samuel V. Blake.
Lewistown Cia cuit---James Ewing. J.. 8. C.
Posh.
Warriorsmark—B. IT. Crever, F. H. Richey.
Bald Eagle—Henry Hoffman.
Birmingham-- , .Jacob S. AeNTarry:
Clearfield—Geo. Berkstresser.
West Clearfield—James Gamble.
Sinnamahoning.L—Thomas Fulton.
Bellefonte—Alem Britlain.
Penn's Valley—• Westley Howe.
Mitflit,..Ephraim M'Cullum.•
Bloomfield—J. W. Elliott.
Newport—Oliver F.ge, W. Champion
PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD —Another
letting on the Western Division of the
Pennsylaania Railroad is to take place
on the 18th of April. We understand
that this letting embraces the contin
uous line to within forty miles of Pitts
burg, and all the difficult sections of the
remainder, so that it is in effect the put
ting of the whole Western Division un
der contract, as the lighter Divisions,
although let at a subsequent day, will
be finished as soon as the heavy . work.
Heath of the Hon. Jno. C. Calhoun.
This morning's mail brings the news of the
death of the Hon. Joins C. CALHOUN, United
States Senator from South Carolina. He
breathed his last on Sunday morning last, at
his residence on Capital Hill, in Washington
City. None of his family save one eon, were
present.
Per the Journal
X Free Bridge. _ ,
MR. eLsax...-Widle nearly all agtee, Thal there
should be a free bridge across the Juniata at
Huntingdon, I propose MI6 your leave to p.r`e
tent to the public, my views on 'the subject.
The onestion presented it, sifould the (.10,4nty
Commissitnets erect at the expense of the coun
ty a new bridge %cross, tlflyiver opposite Mont •
gomery street, or Would Abe More expedient to
buy the Toll Bridge, at the western end of the
Town?
For my part, I would have no objections to
having two free bridges, but it seems that this
result is not likely to happen soon. You pub
lished in the last Journal, an act of Assembly
lately passed, under which, I believe the coon
!), Cbtrimissioners have now authority to buy
the toll bridge, in case they deem it expedient.
In that act, there is a mode pointed out for re
terring to referees, the :nice to be paid, in case
of a disagieetnent,tth that subject r and 'lee poW
er to buy to nut totem away, by the subsequent
Act,
%i'hai would it cost to build a new bridge at
the place mentioned, with bu't a sinde Cruel- I
Judging from the price of lumber and labor, and
the prices heretofore paid for such Bridges, a
sJlistantial one cook! not he built for less tltaii
$3 , 500. For who? could the
but the 'l'oll Bridge 1 The company has of
fered it at $3500, and if that should be eonsid
ered too high, the stockholders are willing to
submit the price to three disinterested men.
'Phis is a good, substantial bridge, and we should
bear in mind, that it has two trackg,--Alint it is
located at a point where the Turnpike crosses
the river, and at which it would he more con
venient for the great majority of the travellers
to cross.—Besides at a town to and from which
there is much travelling by men, women And
children, on foot and otherwise abridge with a
double ?rack in much safer, than such as is pro.
posed to be built. A hew bridge with two tracks
would cost from $5OOO to $6OOO at the least,
and it would be unwise and unsafe, to build a
bridge at the town with only a single track.
On the score ofcbeapness and security end al•n
tsf convenience, in avoiding the bad road on the
southern bank of the river, would it not b• most
expedient to make the Toll Bridge free, by pay
ing a reasonable price for it I Thus much as to
expediency.
If then it he expedient to buy the Toll Bridge
it should at once be bought and made free. But
some are ready to say that the stockholders
should not be paid for it, because it has been
productiva, yielding a grind per tentage on the
investment. 'Faking it for granted that it has
paid well, would that be arty reason why the
courtly should spend mote motley In buiiiiing a
neNt bri•lge titan would buy fhe old one. When
the. stock was taken it was considered a doubt
ful investment, and has always been considered
precarious in consequence of Hands. The pres
ent Bridge has been and still is h great conven
ience, and advantage; and if putting a new
Bridge in the neighborhood would virtually ren
der the stock worthless, would it be just to in
jure the stockholders by depriving them of their
property and by taxing theni compel them to
contribute to that which thus afeeets them
when they are willing to make thdr bridge free
upon being paid, es-en less than it would cost
the county to build such an one I We are then
met with the suggestion, that there are a few
of the stockholders who are rich and selfish, and
therefore deserve no sympathy,—not even jus
tice. They forget that among them are persons
in but ordinary circumstances, also six widows
and a Clergyman, who lately resided among us,
and whose benevolence and correctness of de
portment, endeared him to all who knew him.
Such persons take but a narrow and contracted
view of the effects of the course they advocate.
How would a merchant or a hotel keeper like
such reasoning, and such conduct as applied to
themselves I 'Fbey have hail a large profit on
their commodotre.., and have become wealthy.
Would it be right to set fire to their houses, and
destroy their meals of further enriching them
selves out of those things in which they have
invested their money 1 Would it be considered
right for the county, prepe,ty was need
ed for the public use, to take it without paying
for it, especially if they were willing to give
their property to the county at a fair price.
Believing the facts I have stated to be true,
I cannot help coming to the conclusion, that the
county should, as a matter of expediency, buy
the Toll Bridge, and at the same time avoid do
ing injustice to many citizens.
Election of Judges.
MR. CLARK :-Sinee, the amendment to the
Constitution, making the Judges elective by the
people, has passed two Legislatures, and will
be submitted.to the people for their approval or
rejection at the next general election, it is im
portant that we should examine the question
carefully before we coat MU votes. It is gen•
emit) , known that in 1847 the State of New
York made sr new Constitution which contained
a provision similar to that which has just pass.
ed our Legislature making all judges elective.
As experience is the admitted test of truth I beg
to ler before your readers extracts from two
leffers, written within the last few weeks, from
the Sthte of New York, on this subject. The
first is from an intelligent physician residing in
the interior part of the State, and is as follows,
to wit :
• " We are much pleased with an elective Ju
diciary in our State. We think we have much
morn competent Judges, and that there is an ad
ditional stimulus—viz, a desire to please the
eleetbrs, to push business forward with greater
alacrity. But as to the aggregate or all salaries
I paid so little attention to the subject that I
.confess my ignorance."
The second extract is from an intelligent ter
mer who is now a member of the New York
Legislature, and is as as follows, to wit:
I have copied from the official reports of
the expenses of the Judiciary system under the
old Constitution in 184.1 and under the nett• Con
stitution in 1819" (From these it appeare that
the expenses of the old system in 1844 amount
to the sum of $1.10,019 09, and under the new
system of 1819, to the sum of $94,048 35.)
" You will discover," he continues, " that the
expenres, not withstanding the increase or pop
ulation and business, have not exceeded much
over 75 per cent. of the expense of the old way.
The election of Judicial officers by the people
has, so far, operated confessedly well. There
is no difference of opinion on this point, although
those opposed to such manner of selection en
deavor to account for it on the grbond that the
first selection of candidates should be expected.
to be the best. But I believe the people al
ways will make a good selection. By appoint
ment the ermine was made to clothe the limbs
of many a mere political hack, whose reward
for party service and dirty work never could
have come from the ballot box. Both political
parties are careful now to select candidates
against whom scandal and reproach can not be
brought. And the result is that the successful
Judge presides with no marked partiality—no
rancorous, embittered, party feeling. The
mass of litigation in our State now reaches its
limit in one year, owing to the rapidity of de
spatch on the part of the Court.. It formerly
in some cases wasted nearly an age in "drag
giag its slow length" to a termination. But
the proverbial delay of our Chancery Comte
we hope will soon be one of the bitter but dis
tant rimembrances of the past.
Permit me to say that I am and always
have been of the opinion that the Nearer you go
to the people with the conduct and character of
all their servants, the better sorvants, in every
lapacity end ikaien, the people will have."
41lut've only one fact chi nettion t
ion
Penusyrvan.a, frith math less hslsinrss and
:ni t tich smaller population then dew York, paid
her Judges, byThe appreprialitn bill of 1919,
the sum of $101,929 66. Yours, &c.
T. Butler King's California Report.
This document tens rend to the Presi•
dent nod his Cabinet on Monthly, and
occupied two hours and n half in tea:
ding. The Journal of Commerce has a di
gest
of . the topics upon which it treats,
which nre, the population of the .coun
try—its agricultural resources—eve:it
and production ol" the *Opera! region—
the commerce nutl tinVigst ion of Cali
forn kt—the legislation necessni y for the
territory—nnd, especinlly, iu reetit4 fe•
the disposition of the gold beating lands
helorigiatt, fo rho United Stmts.:
The populatilm of fie rt'clfintry is now
about one hundred and t %eerily thousand.:
An aceeslatt to the population 4 fmmi
gration, during the year beginning at'
the next dry season—on the first of May
—is estimated at two hundred thou-;
sand.
The agricultural capacities of the
State are vastly greater than has been
heretofore represented. There is a vest
extent of pasture lands, unsurpassed'
anywhere in the world, in verdure and
rchness. The wild oats grow sponta--
neously all over the plains, yiieltiittg an
annual crop nt the rate of forty black ,
per acre. Any number of cattle and
sheep may be raised. Two hundred
thousand bend of cattle must be brought
into the country during the next two
years. The e.ittie were formerly !tiled
for their hides, which was the chief nr ,
tick of' export; and they were worth hut
four dollars a bead; but now they are'
worth twenty or thirty dollars a heed.
Calltornia is especially adapted to
•wool growing ; a gentleman was about
to Import ten thousand sheep from Mex- ,
ico, with a view Logo into that business.
The future value of the vineyards is
represented as very great.
As to the commerce of the country,
he estimates the value of imports nee
ded in California from the Atlantic
'States, for the next year, nt four mil(
lions of dollars in flour, six millions itt
lumber, sod two millions in other arti
cles. As to the article of lumber, its
price is now ift7s per thousand, and can.
not be lower, because it is below the cost
of labour necessary for cutting ands
sawing lumber in California. It can be
carried to California for $2.1. n thou ,
sand ; and supposing it to cost 1020 here,
it mi) continue to pay.
The gold region is described as ez,
tending live or six hundred miles from
the South to the North, and from , forty
to sixty miles in width, from the East
to West. It rises gradually in an
plain from the Sacramento Val'ey,
to the elevation of 4,000 feet at what
are called the Foot Hills. Between
these hills and the Sierra Nevada, a
number of streams have their source,
and take their course through the Foot
Hills, westward. Mr. King examined
twelve of these rivers, and found tFiein
all very rich in gold. The territory. on
the North is very rich in gold i and the
.conclusion is inevitable, from all the
facts, that the whole quartz plain, con
taining three thousand square miles, is
full of gold bedded in the quartz, mud
some of which, disintegrated from the
quartz b 3, the torrents, may he found in
dust and lumps in the beds of the
st Founts.
JrSTICE,
The whole number of foreigners in
the region, who are gold hunters, is fif
teen thousand. There have been but
seven thousand American gold hun
ters. The Chilions and the Sonoro peo
ple came in crowds, and have mimed
off twenty-five millions. The Ameri
cans hove procured fifteen millions.
The . Chilians are expert diggers.
• The amount of gold•already procured,
is forty millions: Ihit forty millions
more will be procured during the coin
ing dry season—say (rota May till No
vetnber.
The regular mining operations in the
solid quartz rock will soon begin, and
can be continued during the wet as twell
as the dry season.
Mr. King estimates the amount of
gold which will , be procured, from the
Ist May, 1851, till the Ist: Noventber,
1852, at one hundred millions.
reAe commends that the lands be re
taiced as public property forever,—and
as a perpetual resource for the pubbc
exchequ3r:
To the workers and diggers of gold,
he proposes to grant permits, at the rate
of tin ounce of gold for each pound.
For the encouragement of regular mi
ning operations, he proposes to grant
leases of a limited number of acres, to
persons or companies, at a small per
centage on the amount of gold procured.
SANTA .ANNA.—We may shortly ex
pect a renewal of civil troubles in Mexi
co, with Santa Anna at the head of a
faction or an army.
.This worthy sail.
ed from Kingston, Jamaica,. for Cartha
gene on the 17th of March but it' is be—
lieved that his ultimate destination is
Mexico. In that republic, there have.
been recently several attempts at revo—
lotion in Santa Anna's-favour, which al
though they were put down by'the goy—
ernment, may be looked upon as feelers,.
put out to try public sentiment ip antici
pation of the arrival of the redoubtable
leader,