contracting this cloht—it is fixed on us by tin :.c who ha% e gone befort us; and the same rule of prudel.ce and Sound 11011 C y. that would govern the conduct of private individuals, holds ovally good in the case of the com nurvealth, under this stale of things. The private individual would tax his industry and his property, to the utmost, to pay off a debt and the Interest upon it, that was consuming the avails of his industry and his substanc , ..,— . so, also, it seems to mj, should the ropre sentatives ct a wise and judicious people. ' 'Taxation w,uld pay the interest—it. W 4.141 eventually constitute a sinking fund to p y, off thh pt iaripal e I Use State debt, ard should be coottintett till the income of tilt 1 public improvene.dds would reeler ',Unger 4 taxation uunocessai y. The crisis demands the exercise cf the most f,r-rcaching saga- ; city—the calmest judgement, and the most fearless patriotism. lam sure the Legisl, lure will meet in the right spirit, to disarm it of its perils. Coming, as you do, from all quarters of the State, and possessing a more intimate knowledge of the circum stances and wants of the people, than I coo. I most cheerfully surrender this important subject to you, satisfied that prudence and justice will direct your action upon it. Awoug other subjects of m i touch mpor tance to do; people that will claim your • -attention, is the creating, renewing and supervising of corporations. These in stitutions in a great measure the contri, vance of modern tunes, hare become with in the last half century, multiplied to an extent never dreamed of before. There is scarcely soy branch of businet.s, or Inv:- I suit of life, into which they have not, di rectly or indirectly entered. Corpr,earions maybe divided into two gener..l classes —those established for public purposes— and those for purposes of a r:rivato nature. There is another species of corporations, including banks, &c. that partake of the of the nature of both these classes, but being mainly established to promote indi vidual interest, they belong essentially to the second. 'flan first class, consisting of those for rerigious purposes, as chin, (hes, for the ptuniotion of the arts and sciences, as colleges, academies, medical universities, dcc. tY c. &c.; kr purposes of internal cututnunication, as turnpikes, bridges, railroads, canals, dre. dcc., are in short, for all purposes of public utility, to the attainment of which individual means and exertions are wholly inadequate, doubtless under proper judicious reside-, tions, subjecting them to the control of the Legislature, are to be encouraged and sustained. The other class, embracing those principally established for purposes of a private nature, ought either nut to be increased in numbers at all, or only when imperative necessity demands it,—and then under the most inflexible guards and restrictions. Legislation hap, within the last few years, departed wildly from that rep►tbli. can simplicity that ought to characterize a free government. Privileges belonging to all the citizens alike have been special ly delegated to small associations; a tew persons collectively have been invested by acts of assembly with powers and hum ties denied to the rest of the community, and thud have numerous monopolies been created not only to rival, but to trample down all individual elFurts and enterprise. The creation of one corporation, has been the signal for creating others as competi tors, until the system has reached a point that calls on the legislature to pause. It may be improper to interfere with those already in existence, unless their own misconduct requires it, or experience shows that the security of the public good calls for such interference. It is high time however, that the system itself on which they were created, should be bro't within the wholesome influence of reform. Let the increase of corporations hereafter be limited to cases of undoubted public utility, where individual capital and enter prise are sufficient to accomplish the ob. ject intended, and let the power of the legislature to control or abolish them, be at all times expressly reserved. A sys tem resting on opposite principles must eventually transfer nearly all the power, and authorities of the legi,lature, as ‘,cll as the business of the people to corporate bodies, and thus silently but effectually achieve a revolution in our civil relations; for if the obligations of men, may be con verted into those of a ted and artificial nature instead of a dirce. personal respon sibility, it is manifest thi,t the very ele mentary principles olsociety are changed. We shall be constrained under such a change, to reach the citizen, nut by the immediate personal proc.• :-. of the law, but by its clumsy indirect ' , application to him in an ideal state of existence, created by legislation and rendered independent of the usual responsibility of the members of society. This is the zondition of things, complicated and clogged by corporate ex• ceptions and privileges, towards which our recent system of legislation on this subject, has been hastening us, and at mhich we shall sooner or later arrive, un less it be abandoned. Events that have transpired around us within the last few years, have justly awakened us to our true situations. The lessons of experi• ence will not surely be lost. The subject of education has necessarily and properly occupied much of the time and attention of' our legislatures to enable them to carry out the constinitioaal injunctions on that sudect ; and we have in operation a sys tem, which, although by no means perfect, is certainly equal to that in force in most of our sister state'. It still needs those im provements OM experience pronounces necessary . to cure its detects. The pcinciple inconvenience now experienced in the systeni le the want of' competent teachers; who should be Pennsylvanians'in habits, education sq . principle. This want will probably be continually felt, until the in.locement of more adequate compensation shad be offered, and when the higher qualifications required in teachers shall elevate them to that proper rank and estimation in society, which the ingrtlctor of youth !druid necury. We are also in need of a proper system of school books to be used to our schools, and which should ho composed by competent per sons, for the instruction of youths of Penn sylvania. Such a course as would tend pro perly to impress our ycuth with a due regard tor our own Commonwealth, and endear her to their hearts. tier position, . wealth and intelligence ; the admirable and free system of her laws; her unwavering patriotism and devotion to republican principles; her di, tinguished philanthropy and benevolence en title her in a pre-eminent dogreu to the lovo and veneration of her children, who bliould be taught properly to estimate her great characteristics. Oar colleges aro in a successful operation and by the aid afforded them from the Tree , Bury of the Commonwealth, are accomplishing much good. Our county academies, are from the same source of aid, affording the advan tages of the higher branches of elementary education in almost every county in toe Sow:, to such as sack to fit themselves Po. entr: ing our colleges; and by no means the ~ ,a st portant institutions, connected v:ith the edu cation of youth, are the feriiale seminasien, which, of late years, have, 'been springing up over the Commonwea' A h, and aro likewise the objects of leg;.,itative bounty. The im portance cf fem';te education, will always be sensibly felt ',won the rising genemtion ; and mothers 'a ell instructed in the ordinary bran ches of education, will seldom suffer their child - ..en to grow ep ignorance. With intelli f.:cot mothers, followed and seconded in their I efforts by competent and well instructed teachers, we shall soon see an intellig ent and well informed population, filing our beloved commonwealth and giving her, in an intilec tual view, that rank and station to which she is justly entitled. I shall be glad at all times to co-oporato with the Legislature, in any proper measures calculated to improve the moral and intilectual conditions of our citi. zone, as we thereby; rear the most enduring pillars fur the support of our political ediffice, in all its strength, beauty and grandeur. The report of the Superintendent of Com mon Schools, will inform you of the operation of our Common School System in its details, with his views in regard to the improvement of the system, and the beet means of eccoet, plishing it. The amended constitution was adopted by the people upon the 9th day of October, 1838. It provides fur a new mode of appointing the judges of our courts, and changes their tenure' rortt that of good behaivolii to a term of years, it they shall behave themselves well. [CONCLUSION NEXT WEEK] STORAGE & COMMISSION I.I)MIgieSS; AT THE RED WAR MOUSE, IN THE WEST BASIN , IN THE BOROUGH OF HUN TINGDON. THE subscriber having just put the house undo a complete repair, for the reception of Grain, and all kinds of Merchandize, for forwarding either cast cr west, would respectfully inform the public 'that the strictest attention will be paid to all 'kinds cf the above business, and all articles' orwarded according to ordors, at the very lowest rates. WILIRFAGE. CTS. per tcn. 25 Mourns, Pig metal, Bar Iron, if stored, Coal, For weighing the above " 12;' SPORAGE. CTS. Wheat, for 2 months, per bushel 21 " if longer, 3 Merchandize, per *on 75 Smaller quantities, per hundred 5 Fish, per barrel 121 Flour, 8 Rye, per bushel 2 Corn & Buckwheat, 2 Oats, 2 Selling, collecting, &c. " 25 All freights and storuge to be paid when the prap.rty is removed. r7Flour fur sale at the warehouse. WRAY MAIZE. January 15, 1840. FULUNG Mal AND spin‘4”,,, 7 .; ~f,.....,--:),,,, ih i' - •;AIRP.P4- "1 . --- :-.,'",,-'-. f?*. , n!. 9rt rl'Zi' q. , ;EAL Z;T:', !'''''''',,i;..' w''''k..ls.,l,""iqa;:.;,%?'"' 1 gi, p lk t . . t-11 ‘ , :. -7, ,' - i' - i...- - --:, A '''''' 'KAI 0.4 . :=V1 - :;.,tit . .!(' ~ •,...,•1 FOR RENT. THE above named mill and machine is situated on the forks of the little Juni.: ata river, in Porter township, Hunt ingdon county. It is calculated to manufac ture SAtinets, Cloths, Blankets, &c. Any person dcsircu's of renting the above named establishment, or for further particu lars, will please call upon HENRY NEFF. Alexandria, January 22, 1840. STRAY EEZZE',EIt• AME to the residence of 1 e C the subscriber, at the mill hear Alexandria, about the 16th Dec. 1839, a white and red spotted heifer, about 24 years old, no ear marks. the owner of the same is requrs to come forward, prove property, and take it away, otherwise it will be sold according to law. DAVID ALBRIGHT, Gemmill's Mill, near Alex- t ander, Jan. 22, 1840.-3tp. S Wanted. Apa study, and industrious boy, to come well recoluniCOed, to learn the Gunsmith business; one that unritiltood about the Blacksmith business would be [ordered. None but a good stu dy and well recommended boy need ap p;,,. THOMAS DOUGLAS". 4 •liremine74.;v:.;; IL I. - 7