PRESIDENT'S MESS.ViE.
Fellow Citizens •,1 Or. S'triou an,' of the lima<
of R•pee.rs r
Toe pas• I , e , n an eventful tear, .n 4 will
be hereafter rAt rr I mi epoch io
the ht•tory of the. aerial W 1.1., we bate b. eta
happily west:reed from the. cal lita its af w .r,
our domettie prespenty 634 not wen entirely nu
interrnpteal The. crops li, p.,ruons of the coun
try beve been nearly CL! Disease has pre
vailed to a greater exteut than usual, and the as
orifice of human life, t!,rou,gh ea,uLivies by sea
and laud, is willow a parallel But the par't
leace has swept Iy. and restored salubrity la
mes the subs of to their homes, and the return
of business to Its ordinary channels
If tie earth has rewarded the laber of the boa
bandmen less bouutifuliy tban ip proceeding Ben•
son ,, i t h a s left him with abtnriaoel for tionies•
tie wants, ar,-I a larg , suaplv for exrortation
/tithe presont, therefar• , u :tie past, we find
ample groupie for revereet 010C:fulness to the
God of Grace and Providence for his protecting
ears, and merciful dealiogs with CJ r isep-oPle•
Although our atte.ation ilea >eau arrested by pair
ful interest io paaeiog crent,, yet,tor ceuntra
feels no more then the •1i lit vibrati , tit of 'he
convulsions which have shaken Europe As in
dividuals, we car.eot redress p , tupathy with hu
man suffering, ly , r regllrd fir tt.e causes wheelL•
produce it _ls s nation, we ar,- reminded that
whatever interrupts the peace. c.r cheeks the pros
perity of any part of chr:stendoin, tends more or
tea to involit cur own Tha condition of States
it not unlike that of hla% iduala. They are na
totally dependent on each other; amicable rela
tions between them, and reciprocal
. good will are
essential for the promotion of whatever .a desira
ble in their moral, social, and political condition
Hence it has been my earliest endeavor to main
tain peace, and fiieudly intercourse with all na
done.
The wise theory of this Government, so early
adopted, and steadily pursuod, of avoiding all en
tangling alliances has hitherto exempted it from
complications its which it wauld otherwise have
become involved Notwithstanding this, our
clearly defined nod w,rll sustained course °faction,
and Jur gaographical pottitit.n. so remote from
Europe, increas:ng disposition has beau mani
fested by some of its governments to supervise.
and in certain respects to direct our foreign poll.
ey.
In plans for adjusting the balance of power
among themselves, they have assumed to take us
into account, and would constrain us to conform
our conduct to their views. - One or another of
the powers of Europe, has, from time to time,
undertaken to enforce arbitrary regulations, con
trary, in many respects, to established principlas
of infernatioual law. That law the United
States have, in their foreign iuttrcouree, nut
formly respected and observed, and obey cane
recoguiv soy such tut, rp •latiani therein, as the
temporary iuteresui of others may suggest. Tiiey
do uat admit that the soyerii4us ..t ..ne Conti
neut. or of a peculiar eemtuuntly el States, cati
legislate for all others. L - at tog the tran,-Atlan
tic uatiens to ieljwa their polittedl s)rIPIII in the
way they may think best, fit their coo - mete
welfare, the itelependetit p .were of this Cati
titieot may well as/ rt Ilse right to be exempt
from all annoy iug ioterferente part
Systematic sisstiuenee fro* in'inaate political
corneal .11 with .J.ff root foreign nations. doe ,
nit cond et w rh gt% lug the widest ramie to our
for c..tuee:
Ttoi dis•uo.t..ti so clearly wade in history.
eete:e. to ',kay o b tit overlooked or tlisri gar..l,-.I
by s owe le.tatug i, L o Suitt s. Our refusal it.
be br o ught wit riu a n d sul,j, etui t. :h. it pecu
liar at et, us. has. I ar• treated a jest. its distrun
vf 01.1 r C‘okiue:, 41/6
•lti.ir pale .1(*(',11.-
i , i' : *_/ I. At t, / •I I Lori; t•ffeet oil, I,r igi.
re'a.. ,, u , Oa nt atlltude, u I pat
gat' • , •'e - inc wax!, ul I lilt I.e t acit!. 0"(1
in 1 , • ti- p •,10 aggres , l, irot t oreat
11/ I allure u•ci"u-
Our rui.ver) estahhelite.ut in time peace is
adapt. I to 11/ 41.1 sit ti..f• uses, acid t ,
pr seta. .or 1.1 am le the alealgin.s. trihee 41111
its Ii ['Liam
1 r,,c IS In: tided only for
protection thomel. U 114.1 our C, in
uaree, oilluse.i as it is, ot..r sit the seas of the
tts, , Verlllo. ~ f the Uuited State,
tog eseeutatily paciee to policy, alatals pre
pared to repel ILMit.l.4l by ttae viiiutstary set vie.
of a patrioti, • awl provides uo ix-rut:m(ln'
meant F..reign aggress; in These is udders
t.ous should clay ail apprehensiou chat we an
'disp seed to encroach ou the rights or endanger
the security of other Mates. Soule Rump au ,
have regardid wish det t ui,aing coat:era, the r
riturial espausiou of the Utiteu States This
rapid growth !Ma reaUlLeu fr legitimate ex
wise of sovereign right lalmging bike to al'
nations, and by tostiy liberally ea,r.alied Cu
der such eiteurestauces it could hardly have been
expected that those among them which hare
within a onto por.ti very recent period subd utsi and
absorbed their ancient kingdoms, planed tiedr
standards ou every coulloeut and now poetess ~1
claim the centre: of the islands of every ocean,
as their eppropriate dimwit°, would he.k
unfrieudly len:talents upou the aequisttims of
this eouutry, 14 every ioatanoe honorably obtain
ed; or would fete themselves% justltied in imptii
mg our ad%ancement to a spirit of aggrewaitio, tan
to a passion for pltiucai predominance.
Our Foreign Commerce has reached a magni
tude and est, tit nearly equal to that of the first
maritime power of the earth ant exoeeding that
of any other Over this great interest in which
not only our merchants, but. all classes of citi
zens at least indirectly, are concerned, it is the
duty of the executive and legislative brauoites of
the government to exercise a careful supervision
and adopt prop -r measures for its protection
The policy which 1 hate had to view in regard
to this interest, embraces its future as well as its
present security. Loug experience has shown
that in general, where the principal powers of
Europe are engaged ip war, the rights of neutral
nations are endangered. This consideration led,
in the progress ut the war of our Independence,
to the formation of the celebrated confederation
of armed neutrality—a primary object of- which
was to assert the doctrine that free ships make
free goods, except in the case of articles contra.
band of war—a doctrine which from the very
commencement of our national beginning bas
beat a eherivhed Ikea of the statesmen of this
country. Al one period or another, every aera
tion power has by some solemn treaty stipulation
recognised that principle, and it might have been
hoped that it would come to be universally re
ceived and respected as a . role of international
law. But the retied of one power prevented
this, sod in the next groat war which ensued,
that of the French revolutioc, is failed to be re
spected. Among the belligerent States of En
rope, notwithstanding this, the principle is gene
rally admitted to be a sound mud salutary vac,
90 much so that at the commencement of the ex
isting war in Europe, Great Britain and France
announced their pupas to observe it for the pre
meat, not however as s recognised tuternatiucal
Alba, but as a mere eoneesmon. Fur the time
being the co-operation however of these t pow
edit *adios* in the interest of neutral rights,
appeared to toe to afford an occasion inviting and
rifling en the pert of the United States, a re
wed croft to make the doctrine in gaged's° a
priscipk of isternetional law by means of special
seosventions between the several powers of Su
reps mid America. Accordingly a partisan, em
bracing Dot, 011ly the rule that free *Sipa make
free goods, except contraband goods; but also the
lees wet/sited one that neutral prop e rty other
than' elarraband, though on board an enemy's
ship, shalt be a-adapt from couflativi.as, has been
mibmitted by %is government io these of Ea.
!ape and Aaterielt. Prussia acted prompdp in
this matter, and a easseutiltru was coaalod
Swan that country sad the United Shills , pry.
tiding fur the obsiervaaes of the prim ipies as-
Denneed, aot oily as between thenilves, bat also
e s b e tween them aid all oiler satieao *WA' shell
eater into like stipabalowe. Sims et biz other
p owers here we all ye, tabs, bid amiss 411 elite
11111b I a
ea. g4 Nrio r '
net aware, however, that as*elm'
I* the parebd WOO"
• Ma boss Nis* bag
0 the contrary, they ha" been
,ntituitailedgcti
la be egioe 14 ? is! so the eecurity of umitpit eiminierec
teed the ouly epperint alpotaele to their limners'
vidopti-u in the pislibility that it .4 be mem
here,' be inadmissible of tiditions the King of
ttwo &cilia has filmset'. MP mater at
plev his readiness to concur in our propsiiiiila
relative to nutral lights, and to enter into a
z.ouvention an that subject.
The King of Prussia entirely approves of the
proj.ct of a tri.a . y to the came effect submitted
hin., but purpoiss.s an additional article provi
dies for lilto renunciation of privateering. Such
Hu urticl, , for th most obvious reasons, is much
leoirad b ) wit os. having naval establishments
large in proportion to their foreign commerce.—
. If it were e.lopted as au international rule, the
' commerce of a nation having oomperatively a
small naval force would be very much at the nier
, e y of its enemy in ease of a war with a power of
decided naval superiority The bare statement
f the coalition iu which the L' States would be
: Owed. after having surrendered the right to re•
i sort to pnvateers in the event of war with a be!-
' 'terve:, of un.-1.1 supremacy, show that this gov•
' ernui,..nt could never listen to such a pr 'Totowa
The navy of the fiat tuaratime power of Europe
it at Item( ten times Re large as that of the Uui•
ted mate*
The foreign commerce of the two oountrias are
nearly equal, and about equally exp3sed to hoe
tile ilspredstious. In war between that pow
t.r and the Uuited Suites, without resort on out
part to our mercantile marine the means of out
-.!nemy to indtct :njury upon our commerce would
be ten foul greater than ours to retailisite. We
oould not eztricate our country from this une
qual condition with such an enemy, unless we at
once departed from our present peaceful policy,
and became a great and naval power, nor would
this country be better situated in war with one of
the seven,lary naval powers. Though the naval
disparity would be less, the greater extent, inn
wore exposed condition of our widespread cow
!noise, would give any of them a like advantage
over us. The proposition to enter into eng
went* to forego resort to privateers in case this
country should be forced into war with a great
naval power, is not entitled to more favorable oms
sideration that would be a proposition to agree
not to accept the services of volunteers for opera
tions on laud when tbo honor or rights of our
country require it to assume a hostile attitude. It
confidently relies on the patriotism of its citizen,
not ordinarily devoted to the military profession,
to augment the army or navy so as to make
them fully adequate tothe emergency which calls
them into actiou The proposal to surrender the
right to employ privateers is professedly founded
upon the principle that private property Qi hoof
tending none mbstants, though enemies, should
be exempt from the ravages ot war, but the pro
posed surrender goes but little way in carrying
...ut that principle which equally requires that
.uch titivate property should not be seized or mo
lested by uatioual ships of war. Should th,
'.oiing powers of Europe concur in propoong
a rule of iuternational law to exempt private pro
perry on the ocean from retinue, by public armed
cruisers as well as by privateers, the U States
will readily meet them on that broad gnaw&
Siuce the adjourument of Cougress, the rstifi
of the treaty h , tween the United States
rod Great Britain, relative to coast bale ries, and
L., reciprocate trade with the Br' WI North Atuer
leap Province-. hove been eiebutlgt4l,
f . .CS anticipated athautages are tatreatly etijoyeil
la u-, although its lull exetution was to shod
Lett,siu acts ot legislatiou u 4 yet fully performs-I
So stint' As It was ratified., Ureut Britain (poled
to our cotumerce the navigettiou of the S•. Liw
elect. mid to our fi•le•ruieu uutuolested iuCes3 t , .
i the char a and hauks from which th, y ha
tweets previously excluded ou the coasts of In
rut' Ann rieau Pr..%itices.; in rAuru t. . cloth
be asked for the iutroduetiou, !fee "I Jut), ILL..
he p acs if the C uttt..l Stiffs, nt the fish e
the Arnie co..eii bt 11.1ftili
, witig the e..iror,. LiSlll , /U Ji I t tie treat:.
for pilv.lege3 01 the LlB . liest illiportaUct all.l gal
v. 1 , . 111 e United Sian; 5, whteL w rd thus votuu
peideierc bet a Ille t ffev v , the r.
iu seetue we a ri..a7fnustilif. OW!, but
n tt. be acceded to fr )tti want of tn
..u.pecni our laws ituposiuit duties oil a;I f
ash In the aiesuttuir toe T; easury partaken
ifiNueil i regulatirai for usi . i.milutug the duties
punt or securi - 4 by bou;la uU b,h caught on Lb,
c hats of at,. British Prosiuees, and brought to
our inarkits by British subjects, after the halting
,rounds had beta wade fully accessible to cut
tens of the tutted States. I receomeod to your
favorable coust‘leristion, a proposition which wilt
be ,obwitted to you, for authority to refund the
do r ies and cancel the bonds thus received.
The provinces of Canada and New-Bruuswich
have 111'4 anticipated the full operation of tht
•reaty 6.3 leg•9tattve arraugeuieut, respectively,
admit, free of duty, the products of the Uut
ed Sisk.* mentioned in the free list of the tres
, y. and RD arrangement similar to that regarding
British fish Las been made for duties nue
eh‘rgeable on the pro Wets of those province
onuinenited to tLe Faro,: free list, and indroduced
therefroin into the 'United States; a proposition
refunding which alll in my judgement be in
like manner entitled to your Insurable consider
There is difference of opinion between the lini- f
ted States and Great Britain as to the boudary
line of the territory of Washington, adjotning
the British Possession ou the Pacific, which has
already lead to difficulty ou the part of the coti•
VIM and local authorities of the governments. I
recommend that provision be made tor a commis.
41011, to be joined by one of the part of her Bei.
'antic 'Majesty, for the purpose of running and
establishing the line in coutroycray.
Certain stipulations of the Sd and4th articles ,
of the Treaty concluded by the Uu.ted States
cod Great - Britain, in 1846, regarding possessory
rights of the Hudson Bay Company and proper.
ty of the Pullets Sound Agricultural Company,
have given rise to serious disputes, and it is im
p trtaot to all concerned, that means of settling
them amicably should be devised. I have reas
on to believe that an arrangement can be made
on just terms for the extinguishment of the rights
in question, embracing also, the rights of the
Hudson Bay Company to the navigation of the
river Columbia. I therefore suggest for your con
sideration the expeodietcy of making a contin
gent appropriation for that purpose.
France was the early and efbeieut ally of tb.
United States in their struggle for indepentictice,•
from that time to the present, with occasiousi
slight interuptiou, cordial relations of friendship
have existed between the governments and peo
ple of the two countries. The kindly 'ultimata
ebeciahed alike both nations have led to ex.
trnsive social a ndcommerical Intercourse,. which
I trust will not be interopted checked by any
casual evens of an apparently nusatisfactor) As
ratter.
The Wretch Consul at San Francisco was not
long since brought into the United States Dis.
tri o s Court at that place, by compulsory process
a, a witness, in favor of soother Consul, in vio
lation, as the French. government conceives, of
56 privileges, under our Coortier C./attention,
with France. There beeitg tothiug in the traits
sctiot which could imply any disrespect to
Franco or its Giusti, as explanation has bees
made which I hope will be satisfactory. Subs:-
quent ly tuisnadenttentling SIOOO 00 I heiebjeCt of
the Fr itch Government, as it appeared, abruptly
exelude,4 the Americas Minister t o Spas is utu
passing throtgli Fresco, on his way from Lou
don to Madrid, but that Government has an
(pivotally disavowed any design to den y the
ri b lit of traissit to the .Mitilater of the Guittid
States, sad after explenatious of this effect, lie
ties resumes/ hits jow Icy and actually returned
eon:4o France to Spam.
I herewith lay before Cowes the etirrespne
sleeve us thew subject between our SO vti7 at
Patio semi the Risiesse of foreign relatioss of the
//relish soverssa at.
The patios ti ear stairs with Brio roman
as at lbw else of war last aisles. lithirsid s ii•
tea., assiiitg . vary early th e character a
it WSW atla ses, has sseostly oosssised that
vattatry. IThe kw lgisiottoo were viokotl d a
"Wed from) r ower, m a
a ass et very •
view is rebuke to its imusasi oaks Moo sow
Si•O's tbir sirup lbere has ban so
propitiottioppartasi4l4) romp and preaaAa ne.
ct Winos fail ides adjuksneut of tlwsoriotasyo. a.
sinus of thlisalty bairns as Spanish rwrin
meat asolthe Uui tales. Tbere is raw ato
belicre'ihst our ;germ will And the resew
goy/A.omm% more favorably incliued tbau ibe
preoeedicg to comply with our just &mends,
and to make suitable arrangements for restoring
and preserving pest* between the two countries,.
Pfsguliatione arc pending with Danmark to
Me the practice of levying toils on oar rerneeir aid their
cargos sassmi threat\ the Sowed. Ido out doubt bat
that we eau *lsles esseapsios therefrom as a matter of
right. ' It is admitted we allhalide that this ezatmls4a
scouttoced sot by the immoral prismplet of the low a a* .
(tuna, bet oaly by vadat am ovations whisk mum of the
commercial asthma bare eaditred law wbh Peamark.--
'nee kb metkie st-tlice treaty at ISIS aids Dostmerk. pito
rides that time shall ilea be pat oa the reseals of the
Unites! Stamm mad shelties?* when pasting throes* t►a. i
Sound, higher dembee time theme of the most favialik as.
tons. This may be regarded ass Neighed apeman to
sanusit to the tulle during the eelltietterree of the treaty,
and ounistainatly may embarrass the teltertieti odour rigs[
r., be released therefrom. There are alio provision* is the
treaty welch ought to be taudikedi It was to remain in
force fur tea yesn, and till on. year after either party '
.bwitd gin notice v. the other unattation w terminate.—
deem it expedient ibat the oostemphMed petite siusai , l
be given w the Itereroimelit of Dort/are.
Tr.* Nittei expedition despascool abnat two years aces
for the Immo*, of ettab:iening relatiout wtto die Toupin
ofJapoo, him been ably and ekildully 'outlawed to a sue.-
ostafitl upend/mu , o. by ib• oaten to chow it was eotrest ,
ed. A treaty ..ptret.g • want of iLe pests of dial populous
wintry Cam been teg,otiated, nod in order to gt•• hail ef•
Net (Wired, it only remittal, to excuitoge ratisuaticss, and
adopt requunto columned. regultitiociii.
The treaty lately tioaciwied between the Coked Static
and Mes.,co, settled some. of our Inuit iindearreptiug dit
eolties with that country, but nainvrins shams es it fur
wrongt mad injuries to our eiwieint, resumed wzadjusted
and many now awe* Wire bed,/ recently added to he &w
-aft' oil of grievances. Oar legation has bees earned In
its endeavors to obtain from the hi.extueu deverwittat a
favorable oonsidieration of these statics, bet hitherto with
out sworn. This failure is possibly In was meager* to
be ascribed to the disturbed eundiilo of that sountry.—
It has been ay ansi.ms dame to le&iirtate friendly rela
tions:sub the Ideates° Republic and to muse to nights
and territories to be respected, not oo:y by oar cititens,
but by fore.gwers who have resorted to the ratted States.
fur tae purpose of organising hostile expeditions wind
tom* of tin States of the Republic Thy iieleuoelesi cue
twou in which its froattert hart been left, Will 'simulated
,aeiless stieentarere to embark le Lein* elateritittllell and
*ready Unman the dined,' of entermag war obligstieas
of neutrality Regarding it as my solemn duty to fallil
eillictently those obligations, not only towards Neves, bat
other foreign nations, I bays exerted all the pillion with
which I Ma divested. to defeat such criminal proceedings
and bring to punishment thaw who, by taking • part
thanks. violated our laws. The entire and activity of
our civil and military authorities, bate frustrated the /*-
ogee of thew who meditated espeddiens of this character,
except in two imitation; one of tins, computed of fureiga•
«te, sit at lint tuutitemaasod and sided by tin Mexican
dueernotent itself, it having beet deeetved as to their real
objects ; the otter, small la numbers, eluded the v ileac*
of the magistrates of Sat Francisco, and n
reaching tee Mr.ticati Territory, but the 0/relate* men-
tires taken by this government op:opened the anandoa
mons of the undertaking.
The coustutaston to establish the new line between the
enittal States laid Mellon, accordtag to the prove sous of
the treaty of the 30th of December, has Iwo or/seised.
and the work is already ewaramiced.
Our treaties with :be Argentine Coofederati.t. and with
he Republica:of rraguay Lad Paraguay, secure to or the
•tee ter lution of lb. Ricer La Plata. and maw* of ha Mr.
Lest tr bowie., but the tame success has nut attended oa•
efforts t. open the Amvison; the reasons in favor of the
free use of that. &vet% I bad occasion to preeent fully in a
C.amer message, au !consider' Ng the cordial relations which
hare lung existed belt/teen tai. government end Drina, a
Lay be eiyeeird test panda.' regulation. will eventual!.
reteh a las urslinit result. Canveuteot means of avoid( b..
twerp itteverlil part. of a o•'untry. are , t •t only devirable for
•fie .d.ject. of commercial and pervonal communication. but
e..etatal to as existence under our gut erntnent. Empire
ad a. are the Atlantic an•l P.edic the Culled
-tate., by the whole breadth the Comment. .ttil the so
habitant, of eaten arc closely bound together by Mantuan'
ty of urtgin an 1 inetitutiuns. anti by siroac atusehineut
c.. the Colon. hence the cba.tant ■mt increasing and tau
inter Change of commereiet productions between there re
mote diviallebs .4 the Kepub se At the present time thr
most practleahle sod only OtllMlTlOAtious route. 1% d. comma
oteation between them are by the ersy of the bibtoua of
Central Aaericll. It is the duty of the 4owernment to se
,• , ere Chute avenues agnate( all dmiger of interrupt Ina.
In relation to Coniral A merum, perp'estng uuemloos IS
‘etwl between the Ualtald States sat tiniest Itritain at the
c, tae of the eeatou of California. Thlitoes a. well as ivs,a
lona who:h ruhlrquetaly spree rineerning inter.ottieginie
t.. 1.1111041.1 is Istbmu•, Were. as 1 / 1 41 .uppomel.
tho.te4 by the treaty .f Apnt 1110. Id.* but. unf , ,et.,n
tt,l7 they bale born 111 -V..11441 by etri"aettreunleeiterfi
ing et to the import of 110 , 140 of t. twos 141QIII. ♦ NI- t
tient of whicb 1. 'tow uogicr ration. U r 1:60 wet
•I L,,-lon taw,. 6 r•mi .u 6 elf o.t• t. a:c ..npit6b
•bir AIJI/CL, t'u• I. II yet I.4in vo.•11).e t.. bi
the 1.,t.t..t.0tte to a tern:lllmi. n
The slve n 3 4 ingr,grA .11 ',hie+ the tiema.,.l.4 for r-•
ltre riu.Al-t1 hal .oten pobliely iso twit to a I
Of ru ms time, anti were atta.n atutisoiwted to them:
thil hot ts,n2, an) of the.e tht.) offered
,N144.11iti,111 I.Jttlll.g Incars.3.kwitivo. a their co..
Lit, but r.tn em i tioou.ly refused to hold any inter
to•tr.e wi.l) the ito.mn.i..iier of the Cane By their
,ths'ilate silence, they settne.l rather . detirotta to p..0-toke
toke ehatitisem nt thei to escape it There is am
to Iv leWe that Ui> c tola I of wiuiton d..t
,ittneet ou lieu. 'met, la imputable chiefly to the delu
sive idea that the American tiocemeent would be
deterred (ram punishing tarot throi4h fear of dis
pleasing a formidable foreign power. which they pre
!turned to think looked with comp'seency on theil
.iggresiiive and insulting deportmeot toward the Cul.
tell grates.
The Crane at length fired upon the town: before
mach injury had been done tee fir: was twice sal•
pended in order to affor 1 an opportunity for an at
rangenient. bid this war declined. Most. thy boilil•
ings of the place. of little value githerallc were. in
br secau; destrucca. bat owing to the considerate
preractiutts 1-ken by tur wool roomd:tiler. there
wait in dein-active of life. When the Crane wall Or
dered Central America, it was contileotly b.aped
and expected %/ecusinn woold were for a re
bort to iiolence, deatrui thin t.f propetty. or loss of
are. Iristructi.hi to that effect wet.e given io her
eornrnantier No t—tticme ' lieu would have beets re
A u:site, had no' thc. ;smote totniseiVes by their extra
ordinary con tart it, , he afiir frnstrate4 lilt the p0. , -
able mild measures 'or obtaming satisfacti.m. A
withdrawal from the ti.e object of his visit en
tarty defeated, would ewer the circumstances in
which the Commander or the Crane found hinted
have teen alwilute abandonment of all Liaim of our
citizens for indemnificat or, and submissinu, acetates•
canoe in national ind gniiv. It would have enemyr
aged in these lawless men a sprit of insolence and
rapine most dangerous to the lives and property or
citizens at Punts Arenas, and probably emboldened
them to grasp at the treasures and ‘alnable merchan
dise continually passing over time Nicaragua route
It certainly would have been moat satisfactory to me
.f the objects of the Cyalie's inimion could have been
coratumuntted a ithout any act of public force, but the
arrogant contnniacw of the old offenders rendered it
imponeble to avoid the alternative either to beret
up their eatabli.hments or to leave them possessed
with the idea that they might persevere with impent•
ty in a career of violence and plunder This tran
saction has been the subject of complaint on the part
of some foreign rower, and has been characterized
with more of harshness than of justice. If compari
sons were to be instituted, It would not be difficult to
present repeated instances in the history of States
statding in the very front of civilisation. where COM.
muniues who far leas offividal and were more defence•
less than Greytown, have been chastised with much
greater severity, and where not cities only have been
laid in ruins, but human life has been recklessly sac
edited, mid the blood of the innocent made profusely,
to mingle with that of the guilty.
Passing from foreign to domestic affairs, your
rtt
tention k naturally &reeled to the linaccial condition
of the cottony. always a subject of general interest.
For complete and curt inforsnatiou regarding the
finances tai the various brunches of the public 'et
yma connected therewith. I refer you to the report of
the Secretary of the Treasury, from which it will ',-
pear that the amount of !Revenue darn)/ the last fiscal
year from all mama, was E 5.5411.10!. and that the
public expenditants for the same perio:t, eutheive of
Papisienvoli account of the public debt, amount to
01.0kt/ 4 242. Daring the same pzriod tl a payments
made in redemption of the public debt, ineltnittig in
termit and premium, amounted to 1114.33643130; to
the wen total of the n cripts of th it year is to be ad l-
ed a balance remaining in Trosenry at the commence
went amounting to V1142/112. sod at the close of
the imam year a eorreicic . lading balance amount
lag to ititt1.17.917 of mulles above expendi
tures, slim wissati lag in the Treusury. Altbongh
in the opinion of the secretary of the Treasury the
receipts of the current n aval year are net likely to
exceed in amount those of the tut. yet they will an
doubted!, exceed the amoset of expendittuve at least
$15,11110,1011.
I Audi therefore Destines to direct that the surplus
revenue be applied, as far gait can be jaliciously an
econouneelly done. to the mda:tioo of the public
debt, the amount of which at the coesmetavnient of
the last "Ai year was 1,61,340,628. of which thine
had been paid on the 20th of Nene te he r , 11f . R4 , t h e
t am of $22,410,1:2, keying' a halnace of notatending
pehrte debt of out: 444.97:L4• li. redermaket et di&
t rant periwig within (ourteee seem There are also
Other felailleall of giber guvertainent stocks. most of
which so etre* dee and on wig h the merest We
clewed bat whim' awe out yet been pretested for
peyamt, mount* to 013,111.
The statement exhibitedoe Atat that the anneal in
ane et the governeseni sanely empixis the sawout
or lo b% debt, shish letter Meths unPsid2
beaten the ate Oat 7 114 pat
mad It moot be tte exempt et tee t,p00,1 jet
pouts orsibian. *beim or w Maw the wen - dot of
the Ogled Subs, mid* Wan act, est free soikin,
Shit as reed snow 4st 4 mass, um* by,
sissy WI
&tut sad
I=
TM maintop
herein Mile.
amounted
mad. to a.O
appruplistim
twenty miltione
*AL Davi- _
Among time
man tee
led &etas
ordinsq . ex,
to caiWerm
therefore
of duty o. ,
The Report
sera•
renew 'pleb
heral pl' iple
reverlds. &Ad
the eitalld
dtSco:ty
'ant to -Oust
reevaitow
rlet►Cm has
dm roes
requiring the reconif arid paper. of • public chaise•
ter of the several olLers of the communion to b e ter'
in term islaces for the use of their successors, nor alit
provision declaring it felony en their part to titmice
false euirite in the books. or return fahe accounts. I.
;he observance or such express provision by igW, the
outgoing calkers in many instances bete claimed and
exercised the right to take into Emir own posession
important boobs and papers ou the grouud that the*.
were their priests property. sod have Owed the...
beyond the reach of government. L'ouelact of this
character b.sogbt to the notice of the t Secre
tary of the Tramily,oatandly ass hie sispiciou
and remitted in the distiosares that at four ports,
tamely: Oswego, Toledo, Sandesky and Milwaukie.
the Treasury, hid by false entries, been defrauded
within within the four years nest preceding March.
lad& of the sum of one hundred sod ausety.eight
thousand dollars. The great difficulty with which the
detection of these treads has been attended in conse
quent* of the abstrectioe of boob and pipers hy the
reunng oSeers, and the facility with which mauls'
frauds to the public service may be perpetrated. reti
der the neceenty of new legal enatetineuts in the re
spects above referred to quite obvious For °Jar
loodificanous of the review* laws which seem to me
desirable, I refer you to the Secretary of the Treasu
ry; that report, and the tables which accompany it,
furnish amp* proofs of the solid foundation in which
the financial security of the country rests, and cf the
salutary iodate* of the Independent Treasury sus
tam on commerce and all monetary operations.
'llse experience of the year furoishes additional rea
sons, I regret to ear, of a painful character for the re
commendations heretofore made to provide for
creasing the military force employed us the territor::
inhabited by the Indians.
• Tue settlers on the frontier, have suffered mei,
from the incursions of predatory band', and large par
ties of emigrants to oar Peri& possessions have been
.nay acred with impunity. - The recurrence of so. 1,
acenva can only be prevented by teaching these
tribes the
_looser of and their respotreibility to the t:
t4tates. From the garrisons of our frontier putt
only possible to detach troops in ,'mail bodies, at
although these on all occasions have displayed es.
Wary and a stern devotion to duty, which in a taro
aeld would have oommanded oar admiration. the
nave suffered sevenrly in these conflicts with snperi.
lumbers. a n d have sometimes been entirely suendcri
All the Itisposible force of the army is elready et?
:.I.oed in this service, and is known to be whollt r.
.ofequate to the protection which should be air a : 4
l'or public mind of the country hues been receil
.hiked by savage atrocities committed on ii , fe leS
less emigrants awl bonier settlements, and hardly le
by the untince.sery destruction of valuable lies
where inadequate detachments of troops have unit
taken to furnish the needed aid. Without jou*
uf the military font, these scenes will be repeat'
to be reared, on a larger scale and with more
trove consequences
As incidental to these questions, I deem it p
to nutler au oivurrence which happened in et
Menet! near the clue of the last session o
:re®c & won as the necessity was perceived
t.l 3 )lishing communications's:roes the lethinuy,
- ins was orraiiileti anther the authority of Uw
.r Sicaraugdia bat canna:ad fu • the most
~,t i s e. N o r the Gaited &anis, for the par
petiiint 'et+ a transit way by the river San J
I,abe Nicatautrat, which soon became an
mil mach-used rant* iu the vanaportation
Itisens and their property between the Atl
Pacific. Meanwhile, iu anticipation of the
1,,,n and importance of this transit way, a it
r ivostgrand hart taken prellsion of AO old i.
Net at the month of the river lean Juan, in o lie
annet of the Stale or States of Central A rice*
winch, upon their becoming in.lepanient, ha 'gist
:ally succeeded to the local sovereignty and * is
tii , in of Spain. These adventurers u k to
change the name of the place from Sau •t Del
Norte to Greytoon. though at Ann pretends to aci
cc the eshjecto if the Witless sovenii of the
14nequito Indians, they eabserpsently repo ted the
c..ntrul of any paver whatever ; amused admit I,
, itetioct political organisation, and de e t them.
*tree an Independent. Sovereip State. at some
time a taint hops was entertutual that y might
hecome s stable and respectable camel icy, that
hope soon rani led. They proceeded a rt so
f ' inite! (-hums to civil jurisdiction over nta An:-
'lac, a position oaths opposite side of t •er Julia.
r'nich was in possession under a utle wh indern
teitt of them. el citiseus of the United mites intr. -
seted in the Nieman* Trensit Comper - ,and whit`
-gm loth:Tenably netesuuT to the pre-ous opera
?ion i r that mute across the Isthmus. The comps
ny resisted their groundless claims. witreupon the
proceeded to lestroy some of its builimits and at
tempted riniettly to dispossess it. At later perk si
-hey organise) a strong force for the lopose of de.
-iolishing the establishment at Pun... Arena..., ha ,
this intachievets design was defeated 11 , the inierie.
f ilm
citiou of one >r our ships of war at II time in tit
,iarbor of SusJnan. S ubsequently r this. in ikli
last a body r men at Greytown et over t o
Pants Arena, enogsting authority arrest on I.
charge of innicier a Captain of one the melon.
era of the Tonsil Company, being t I aware that
the claim to itemise juriedsetioniti n e . 'ould be re
sisted as it bat been on previous they went
prepared to alert it by force of arm :)
Our Minists to Central America Oeppeeed to he
present on the occasion, believing sit the Captail
of the Steer/sr was innocent, for he witnessed the
•ranaaction of which the charge eas &envie& an .t
-wh e ring idscehat the intruding pert haring ito pa•
.silietiuit herding over the place elle.re they eruin)-
'Jed to make * arrest would socoulter desperate re
-istance if de/ persisted in their purpose, be inter
fere' effect v, to prevent violence aid bloodshed
The Ame n Minister afterwwelk visited Un•y•
town, and w be was there a moo, including sever
al of the Pablie Functionaries of the pla ce ,
surroun d e d hou se i n whi c h h e was, arewiag that
they had coin to arrest Finn, by order or 10314 Per
sou eiestrcidnithe chief authority While pirkying
with them Iti was wounded by a missile from the
crowd. A fiatbed from the Asn.trican
Steamer Noderutrit, to release him from the
perilous diadem is wi i kA be was understood to be.
was And intik the sea gaud, sad compelled to
incidents together with the Loewe
- ipslatroci of Grisytowe mid teen
id Jest apprehensions that the
if oar chums at Punta Arenas
t danger, after the departure of
p osse ssors, for N. Y., unless a
rue their prothedom For this par
to mean the mom of
tienp ors ry force was orgy at
to the U. S., for whit* prorite
Jest session of Coogram This
.4, a beterogenooa assemblage
'avian countries. and composed fur
. blanks and peones of mixed bloo.l '
(hen other indications of tuischievose 1
lam
wool
the
4th property was olandestine
depot of the Transit tkospany
The plunderers obi/tuna
_.. wen driven bent by
protected the wrung doer.
st treated with nations end
t to mover their proptely.
the fats seibmittel to and
.4 by Mot worthy 'Mani
the ars thossamisti the inter
Justice repaired that
for so mast sod sack
a roans of violence soil plea
t, the insecurity of the lives of
end of the rich treasure belong
, passing over this transit wsy.
only mewed. Whatever it
Aped., the mulustudly is Ism
mionhief was sot
• wittt whew* mod anis pd isp.
might wily siiin we the _
with seilliaos of property
41 z
lithisits mid It did sit
user, and had is hid en re-
osti or etiutli with say one
, or
hich thrtirep 111 it irgtge
w
ssewskted.
sUitsti• of em il M .
- sompetest towinwsies
• stilirwiss Its rm.-
t
pros
action
may
be
eeasiently , dio l ' ) tod ' L4 o
o f
anticipated,o proper- o
iehike,3o iturll":"ldintialitisealll:74dbloalloirraiasuolirrillaceavltot:TeloolehaTdian9iP"mtuts:ndinigherei.n:mh:P4.4PCbe"eulilt4lele96l:l""llio(oUrenittstiasaug7loeissls"Trotn:"llll47fr":°frgreslite‘l,egtolo3Bstiege:Teelrin:ns:"Y,.:4lll""ll7.74.:.emtilesll:sleieN iidlitP"lllellltirisbetTetigfaullgv7wliniLcestillytalillYderatic4l6l44°ltmoding7;l:ll344sl:lrai.:r:tteg"rilidnee:l"%ab°ll:t.iiiilliiiikli:°"glithPiggiareleggreiggi.Gkeue.ilikardisiliP.nweiPeriPußnlna'k°lttituldisitarecleclfihYatesiarsYselinitc°llll::inial
\ill t., removing ay, as compared with last year. of $361.756. The
5 increase of the revenue to the department for the
ship and of a yeer ending Jane 30. 18.14. over the precediiig year.
.:•ed to them for
that punnet - - . At length, pere , vins. no , litpoiition was $970 399 ; no proooctionate increase however
can be anticipated for the current year in tunes
the tar( of the town to eon with his rep nsa•
quetice of the act of Congress of June 231, 1854.
lions, h. applied to she consinautier of her B-ittanic
previdieg for increased compensation to all post
i tlakelt*smohoniser Berme la: who was seen to here
interen no, and apparesitly much ii.dix.mice. whit the master. '
From these statements it is apparent that the
litadensmoug them to ii •erfere and persiiatie them
, ta k i eine e „,,„ el l,. j i„. e ,i to „„ the cess i tl Poet Office Department instead of defray i ng its ax
ofre„rtilig to the extrvue men. lee ; , iiiii, , is , e , ti in hit
pauses ai.cording to the design at its erection, is
now. and tinder existing laws must continue to be.
prochinetion; hat that officer inqte.el D. a-eedinz to
the 'Vest did 'lathing more thin, top crest crtatist The cost of maim trensporetion during the year
the cetlemplated hommird men t .0 Step! of any ending June 30th. 1664 . exceeds the cost of the
sort te l ls usketi by the pacple to etre the satisfaction Preceitla% year by 9 495,074 - • ..,
reen4. No iudiridnals, if ar y there were. who re- I again call your auenuou to the subject of mail
terd•Othetnsehis as not responaiWe for t* rancor'. transportation by ocean steamer& and commend tree
ductal the commtinity, adopted any means to sepa- inggsati°n of lb. Post Muses General uk Your wig'
to y
rateyour
mselires from the late of th e guilty
lam sure will perceive that the plain
4st es and rasp tisibilities of government are Ply D at u t r en in t g i° t a lte last fiscal year 11,070.935 acres ofthe
public hinds have been surveyed. and 8 . 190.617 e
mir, ji n this question . 411 I 0 . '6 , , „.)t t • aat ere. brought into market. The number of were,
del mum be attended uy *anti fearful hazards.— $9.480 533. The aggregate amount of land sold
Tie kill of the last session pruviding f,r au ii• located under military scrip and hind warrants. se
crew of pay of Vie rani awl ale oF ii , ar nv 11%4 I lected as swamp land* by Stores, and by locating
hid bloofic al resalta, not only in factltating enlist. under grants fur road. is upwards of 23,000.000 of
ran*. oat in obvious improvement in the dam of acres. The increase of lauds sold over the preri
merwho enter the service. I regret that corms- sus ) ear a about S 000.000 acres. and the sales dur-
{radial{ consideration was not bestowed on the
or • tug tee two first quarters of the current year pre
'
rems, who in lieu of their character and services, sent the extraordinary result of 5 500 0/0 sold. ez
i 414 the espenaes of winol. the, are necesianlv sub- ceediug nearly 4.000 000 of acres. the sales of the
roiled. receive at present what is '.., ~.7 judgement. corresponding Tr - sr-ter& of the lut year; thus iu
-Adequate compensation. ' r • valuable services t creasing to an extent unparalleled during any like
i metered by the army. and i•r inestimable impor• period in our past history the amount of reventth
i owe as the nucleus around wateh tn. voluntem Prost led from tots source for the Federal Treasury,
;'acts of the nition can promptly gather in the hour fhe COM nendaute policy of the government in re.
if danger. s.it& nentlj attest the wisdom of main
th lation to setting apart puolic domain for those who
wining a military peace establishment but the served their c 'wary in time of war is illustrated by
theary of ou. ,n ate n orprat.s3 p, .i me.: u - s ler it I the fact that since 1790 no leas than 30,000,000 a:
requil•elhat any prsp . ss.:•l egg net/tate, s in time of eres have been applied to this object.
peace be only emn nniturate with od- ex teude I iiin Tue suggestions which I submitted in my annual
its and frontier re'ations. While scrupulously al- message of last year in reference to Grants of Laude
bering to the princiiile. 15 i I iii ex stiii; c reu n- in aid of the cuitscructiou of Railroads were less full
Manses a necessity t i i I:reuse o: aar . n Mary force. and explicit than the magnitude of the subject and
and It is belietred thst f•rt. inv r.. 1, a • 1.- at l a t e , subsrqueut develop vent wouid seem to render proper
try, and two of in , inn. I in .0 will tje •.1..5.:1e11t to ant lutirable. Tins semilneas of the priuciple titan as
meet the presnit etigency. If it were necessary seined with reptant to the hm:tation of the power of
carefully to 1 , 440 the c•nts in a crise of suzh sir- Congress. I entertain no doubts but In its applica•
grimy it would Iso shown Cis: elt. al iition d ex- tiou it 1. not enough that the %alue of lands in a par
i.seuse would be comparatively light . Wan th e i n . titular locality may not be enhanced, that in fact a
crease of the numerical to,t.e of tile ar u. s., iall, I larger am mot of money may probably be received
think. be in3nbtued certain measures ot refor n its ill a given tine for alternate sections than could
its organic arraugeme.,t m i l a d i i, ni „t t at i o„; t ie hive been realized for a 1 the aectioni without the
,3tvaeitt orktuix ttion is th'e result ot p trti tl ,•„; sin. impulse and influence of the proposed improve
tion directed to special object. and ititert.sta. Malt ineuts. A prudent proprietor looks beyond h o oted
the laws regalating ranks an 1 c, tin dad 1 having sections of his domain. beyond present results, to
been adopted in my year, erg, fro n the Bntisn the ultimate effect which.a p articular line of policy
Joie. are not al veys ep o liceble t] our vrvicts. i t is Irk •1y to produce upon all his possessions. and in
s not surprising therefore. that the sy.te.n should terests the Gus eminent which is the trustee in the
to deScient in tn.. gym-nitre au( si n r slicity essess- matter. for the people of the States are bound to
vial to the harm ntio is w irkisi; of its several puts, take the same wire and comprehensive views prior
and rear* re at careful re:iation. Toe present organ- to and during the last session of Congress. Up•
zsthns, by maintaisoug lige st ttf cops or &via- wards ,if thirty unliions ot acres of land were with
neat.. separ nes . any offizerr fin n that else coin drawn front pantie side, with a view to applications
'lonian with trots?s and those active dut.es iii the , for grants of this character pending i beforeCougress.
.ield which are she ned revorite to qu tlity them A eafelul re v ie w of the whole subject led me to
test that all suet' orders be abrogated and the lands
di
rer the vane! res,rmailoihtica of bi d , ~, ~ a ~,L-tirere
tirere the d.sties of the ar ny act . al & ill. W. , : cirg restored to market, and instructions a ere tininedi
,4 by o s :e ,., -I. t icie 16, it tit u . r , 4 „.,.,, It ~ ate.:, given to that effect. 'The applications at last
Jelievel t tat th • sp.!zi 0 s.rviz. , w •ol I b,, equ ins se•-vim , ixtilteinplated the construction of more than
sell perfo-med. an I the .lirzipliii.• ail I instil/ two ot 5 odo miles ot Road. and grants to the amount ot
the army improved. ‘‘ hue due r?gird to the ~ . • trly t A Nit ) millions of acres of mina,: doinam
uurity of the riga., of otftiers. ant to ill" ace sense oven lan ttiug the right on the part of Congress to
o f b ow , ~,„in , i ,:,, ti ld b„ a t ti „ t . I ari „,‘ tae „ he nn piestioneole, it is quite clear that the propos
reauld seem to exaut cn npltance with the estatslish. ell gr tins should be productive of good and not
ad rule of peon at oil in or lialry c ises . a ill it can evil
naraily be doubted that the t auge of promotion by Tile different projeCts are confined for the pees
astentu.... ...him., .......,.. r,...t...diy ...,,A,, et i t o t o. e mit to eleven States of the Union and one Territory.
grade of general ofs.;er, could be soin-what extend- Coe reason. ...Igned for the grants show that it is
ed with benefit. The service t;biservsnce ot die proposed to put the works speedily in pro..ess of
rale of sonority lett, es ? ~ ri t hy in tom: of pe i c e cmisti iciou. When we retieet that sluice the
to promotion of officers er:lo are meritorious, and Loili.ileaccutent of construction of railways in the
even distinguished. Service may have been reu United States. stimuleted as they hat e been by the
tiered by age or infirmity , incap tole of p tale dividends tal dividends reek:Lid from the early *ure s be
active duty. and whose a trance /tent t:tereford. tweeu the most important point. of commerce and
would tend to impair the efficiency of the army : Pulasslatiou and enemaragoe by State Legislature and
iuitable prom - S.6°a tor tin., class of officers by the reseed forward by the icnasing private enterprise.
out. If9tei utiles have been completed in the CM
creation of A retired list wool I romely the e - ii
without wound.ng the just pride of the men. to ho ted States in a quarter of a century. When we
by put services have establ shed a claim to l a ugh see the crippled condition of man:, works commenc
consideration. I el and prneceted on what we deem sound princi
.
FMI
igMl
uiu
• al,
rt
soil
r ua
Ei
Iq agtin c.)nmenling this measure to the farm.
ibis consideration of Congress. I would suggest
that the power of placing utti,wre on the retired lasi.
JO lim.ted to one year tne practii..tl operation of
the measure would thus be testal. and if after the
.apse of years, there shoul,l be oz.:trion to renew
the provision, it can be produced with any
proreinents which experience inay indicate. The
present organisation ut the .trti ile ry into mg i mts.
it liable to objections. Tile service of Artiiiery 17
that of batteries ; and an organixttiou ut batteries
into a corps of artillery woull be inure consistent
with nature.
By their ditties a large part of the troops now
ratted ar ria er y. are . and ha, r been 0., duty as in-
Atutry. Cue , di.tlllltlUn ueo4 eon tilM wu anus
tieing merely noutival. T,iis artillery in
~ur service. is entirely d sproportionahie to 'the
forte. and greater titan toe wants ot the coun
try demand. I therefore commen.l the disixinun
wince of a distinction which has no foui.tiattuu to
either the anus used. or the character of tne ler
vise expected to be performed. zimtiected with t h e
proposition for the increase ot the army.
I have presented these 4.l4,,ettium with regard
to certain measures of reform. as the cJaiptetetnent
.4 a systein which would produze the hippiest re
sults from a given expeaditure. and whieo 1 h. lie
may attract the early attention and be wur
thy of the approval of Congress. I:.e reccom.neu
dation of the Secretary of the Navy haying reter
emote to mare ainliie provisions for the diseription
and general improvement hi the character ut sea
men. and for tie re-organizAuo.i and g in•
crease of tie Nary. I deem ern rent y wa.thy pia
favorable consideration. -
The priniiples which have c r.tr•>lied our policy
in relatiou to the pro' ineat atar . , f irze liy sea
and land. are wand and consistent with tile t.,eiory
of our system and should by no ineans be d sregar
ded. But applying Me fora w tied o'ijeata p true-
Maly set forts in the precis tiu4 part of this liere.
age. we should not overiook ,lie p..e..e it in ignite le
pospeetive adveotauou o; oar Co.niueruial
Merin. nor fail to give due weillit to the fact.
that besides the two tirNlSall J inl!e of k Cultic sea
board, we have now a %.:.)4at strez..iiiig from
Mexico to British p141141110T13 is the Nortn• tee.n:ug
with wealth an I enterprise. avid de itaniiug toe
oolong presence of shipe of war. 'fee Aug 'lents
tion of the Navy has not kept pace with the duties
properly and profitably ansigood to it in time of
peace. and it la inudeqelate for the large fields of
its ,opecatious. not inorely in the present but still
-more in the progressively increasing exigencies of
the wealth slid io nmaree of the couut,) . I cordi
ally approve of the proposed appreutice system for
ou r inti la al vessels, rez.i n.nenled by the Si.crets
ry of the Navy. The oecurreuce. during the last
few mouths. of marine disasters of the most tragic
nature invoiviug great loss of human lite. has pro
duced Weise motives of sympathy and sorrow
throughout the country, may wed be doalite.l wheth
er all these caleutitous ev eut s are wholly attribute
ble to the necessary cud inevitable dangers of the
sea. The uteri:bents, marines and ship builders of
the United states are, it is true. unsurpassed in far
reaching vterprise, skill, intelligence and courage
by any (*.ter iu the world. but with the increasing
amothat of our commercial tonnage in agpvg tee
and the larger aim lull improved eiaip.nesit of the
/ itt.1.:14 tis s ip?ly of
ileinollll begin 09 be very elriously ti It.
The incoavenienee may perhaps be met in part
by due regulation for the introdsetion into our iner•
chant ships of iu tented apprentices which will. if.:
done, afford useful and eligible occupation to immer
ses young men aud would have tendency - to raise
the *mama of Bound) nee olime.aliti it is deserving
Of NAM, teilectin whether it may not be desirable
Ike anise lisp exiatimg la ws for the maintenance of
diesipliee nos ppun which the seisprity of life and
=l7 An the Ocemi most to so Feat 'kik meat
4.lthoeili much attention bee already
Wu giro' Orcyar to 04 Fger eeitateeetion
gyampement steam viiimUland all pum
ps Plapt.sl jt hairnet tied the achievements
aligimag e t it =pripd have
tut Wow
No peg New edits for ilreased 4111Miastios
guilty to
4Uing treated
of outlaws or a
ligroin train., or
. of the civilised.
people of Grey
'. them to impair
to make
Minister, end
,tied thither to
But tile no-
eaaumander in
War Cyan, was
to insist upon 4
tki4, neither the
authoilly over
make the me
:scan for their
proclamation
within a dm
By ;his pre
to provide for
cyles and safe calculations. when we contemplate
tut enormous absorption Ideapital withiliawn Prow
the ordinary c tanners of lutstuesa. the extravagant
late* of interest tins moment paid to continue
operations. the 13ausruptciis not !ticrely iu inane)
but in character. and tile evident effect upon finan
ces getieialiy. can it be doubted that the tendency
to run into eseNs in this matter. is it wise to aug
went this excess by encouraging hopes of sudden
wealth expected to flow fru it magnificent schemes
dependent on toe action of Congress. Does the
spirit which produced Lie!t results need to be
stiahilated or citecited Is it not better to leave sli
th;ss t . works to private enterprise. regulated and
when expedient aided by the co-operation of states.
if eoustruoted by private capital. The stimulant
awl the check go together, and furnish a salutary
restraint against speculative schemes and extrava
gances.
But it is manifest that with the most effective
guards there is danger of going too fast and too far.
We may well pause before a proposition contem
plating a simultaireotts itiovement for the construc
tion of railroads. which, in extent. will equal, exclU
sive of the great Pacific - road and all its branches.
nearly one-third of the entire length of such works
now complete in the G S.. and which cannot cost
with equipmeuts, less than one hundred and tifty
in Ilion, of dollars. The dangers likely to result
from combivatiou of interest of true character, can
hardly be over estimated ; but independently of
these coutiderations. where is the xecniate know'.
edge. the eoinpreliensi%e intelligence. which shall
diseti !Invite between the relative claims of these
28 proposed Iva& in ll States and one Territory.
%%There will )ou begin and where end, if to etiatile
these companies to execute their proposed works, it
' is liezessarc that the aid of the Geueral Goverument
be pn:nartly given, the policy will present a proo
leal so compreheiniiit iu its bearings, anise impor
tant to oar political - and social well oeing as to claim
in anticipatiou the severest analysis. Entertaining
1 those views I imair with satisfaction to the expert
! eau and action of the last session of Congress. as
furnishing abettrance that the subject will not fail
to elicit a careful re-exiimintision and rigid scrutiny.
It was my intention to present on this occasion.
some suggestions regarding international improve
ments by the general goveriurient. which want of
time at the close of tile last seseiou prevented my
submitting on the return to the House of Represen
tatives with objections of the Bill entitled an Act
making appropriations for the perservatiou and
completion of certain Public Worts heretofore com
mensal under authority of im. but the space in
this communication alrea.ly occupied with other
matter of immediate public exigency constrains me
to reserve that subject for a spec:al message, which
will be transmitted to the House of Congress at an
early day.
1 The Judicial establishments of the Uhlted Stateite.
quire medificatlon, and certaiu reforms in the maser
ul conducting the legal business 4 , f the Goverannett, are
much needed; but as I have addressed you upon both
! of these subjects at leuath before ' I have only to eo n
your attention to the suggestions then made.
My former recommendations in relation to suitable
provisions for various objects of deep interest to tie is
-1 habitants of the District ut Columbia, are renewed.-
1 Many of these objects partake largely of a tuitional
character, and are, independent of their relation to the
prosperity ads only onssiderable organized communi
ty in the Union. entirely unreprometediti Congress
I have the. presented suggestions on such subjects as
appearto me to be of particular interest or irup.ntance,
and therefore moot worthy of coesideration, during the
short remaining period allotted to the tabor s of the pre
sent C owes'. Our forefathers. et the thirteen gaited
nolonies in acquiring their Independence, and in tound•
log the Republic of the United Stake of America, hare
devolved epee us—their ilemendimbe—the greatest aud
the moist nettle trust ever comuilitted to the hands of
men •, imposing upon all, and especially such as tbe pub
lic will limy have invested for the time being with poli
tical functions. the most mend obligations. We have
to maintain inviolate the greet doctrine of the inherent
` 14 0 114 4 popular self-government, to recognise the tarn
vilrlillefty dfltie individual stable., with complete semi-
T s tr ne t h e pog o 0 .44. a .to ye*, Vaal obodeace
to the lbws of therised--Se nitre ii
canoe, sad to blown ladisoutit at • to
resist thee. sus
Tu hetstosfas a desire and larded demotion to the
kettitsithies wed rellidoes kith with the sod invoned
meligiose Mievettem—te pomene
respoet thosir:
mud si trek lo Vomeof Nee i r
ward every social Improvessost t the etioneeetwin is
of imam porfeetabitit, y. by die hos sinks at t o o --- 2
oe Mod. sot by the obtradvs latonestios
(ores--to upheld the betegrity sad guard the hog=
of sot organic law-4o preserve morel from eg 7
of eserpstios, es the very pasties of nor yogt.ft:'
ratios, the reserved powers al the several list a
of tiro pee/kb—kb cherish with loyal kohl to t
deed re this rahbe se the only are fumitega ft
the impee of civil liberty net es wo o
To administer ()oversewed witb vii t ilo o t t 4 4
rigid seworiary—to rabbet' pease sot 104
tonrign netium, sad to lomead sod meetev i l 6 . N ut
_
troika but to do envoi to sot`-bbao seeneo h o L7
dims with the internal yolk" sod tomealle 47*
other Govaremests, eat to repel from oar 4
to shriek from war wham the rights and the hoo t
emery as t o arms, bet to aestivate Ie po w%
t arts of pests, the relargemeots of ins d ots
trait; , and elevate sod liberalise the istmo otft .7
dims, each just mei beemoshis mime, e ft I "
oily, =natty the rewattbdi el the by t e!
mlNom to is t leittinate islimove sot the b ftft .
thority of a groat sumplo serimmt all th e
chrism 'dom. Under the solkietty of than
the blessing of Ahnigbty God rs aaraeeU 1 t te .477
snood upon your deliberation, slid
tea
all tft ts
eels sod seta of time good, to the mid Ow o u t
teal and common effort vs may la killable e l
to the Divine will co-opera* for the poo ftfts , 4
Barka' good of those United %% e.
FRAMIL/3 Pl2l
Waskhriton, Dm. 4. ISSi. 4
Wuakinyk m , D ee 4
SVIATIL-+TbIl SIIIMAI WWI called to * a
121 "o'clock. Thirty-hem assaben
eat.
Prayer by Rey Mr. Slicer.
The Swatts.sy mad a letter from Go
son, dated Platte City, Sic., Nov 11,
that as he could Dot be it Washisito t
the Sd week is December, be resip i d
as President of the Senate.
Mr. Hunter moved the acceptance at
gyration and that Hon. Levis Cue be
protem. Agreed to
Hon. Lewis Cu. took the chair
Mr. Foote presented credentials
I Brainard, Senator from Vermont t, E,
I eaocy occasioned by the death of Bey I
A committee ism appointed to V
President and inform b►m of the orpse
Ithe Senate. Messrs. Dodge and Tout,
appointed such committee
Mr. Broadhead pve notice of a bill
th e *may land Laws so u to give all
16U acres.
4 Mr B. also offered a resolution direct.,
Committee to enquire into the Pxpedi m
i ; providing by law for the better pr eserve
Lives and property on Steam sad Ala
vessels. Laid over.
Ou motion of Mr. Hamlin, 12 Irtgat
agreed upon as the Lour of meeting
1 55 P. M —Mr Dodge, from toe Cot
to neat on the Prltbi lent, repurted tb.st to
communicate through hi Seeretar )
Mesa ige and doeutnebta orderoi pnir t ,
also 1030 additional copies. Adj lames
Huns.—The ionic was called' is
12M.
Prayer Irm offered by the Rev Jlr
Chaplain.
Upon calling the roll 197 members
to their stems. Charles S L.mis of V 1
Mtissrs. G.sodwrio of N Y. sad Bristow 71
were SW& ro is u sew members.
Ou ut..0i,,0 of Mr. Jones of Tenn,
was test to the Senate th.tt a qu.ona
House was ready for business, sad
was appointed to act in conjunction with
I appoiutood by the Senate to inform Me
lent that both Houses were ready to.
cucnatuateatiou from him
The readutiou was ad,ipted and the
proceeded to drew lots fur Beata
The Speaker called attention to die het
but day of former session, the Prem.lea.
a veto Massage of the River and Habra.
there tieing no quorum, the tnasap
thee read.
Mr. Campbell enquired whether it rt
in order to move the postpooewent of Ce
iber consideration thereof until 33 M
Noe tuber .
Th. speaker replied that the mess Age
read, and it would then be Cu the Ei
action thereon.
The me'.eage was then real sad ordered
and oo tuwion of Mr. Chao= the'
,:onsideration it WAS portpned
, Jay—A)es 120.
Mr. DIWII9II introduced a Hommtesi
;itu of the one returned from the Sam
yee-Inn
Messrs. Lane of Oregoo, and
Utah introduced bills relative to their
rt rri (Oral.
Mr. Ingersoll offered a rillialtitioll,
aver, requeating the President to oom
h, Iluuse, if not inconsistent with
.titerest, auy correspondence which
t ata c se betworn tbia and the French
r lance to the refusal of the latter to
Mini-ter to Spsiu to pass through the
ir France.
Mr IVenterorth of 111., made an
(notion t., hive the bill granting peno,
person.. engaged in the war of 1812 and
an wars since 1790, set apart for a sr
on the third Monday of January
Mr Jqueo, of Teen., fruit/ the j
tee appointed to wait on President, rep
they had Perforine4 tbat duty, and the
request 4 theta w say he would at Ala.
nicate a message in writios
Mr. Ready introduced a bill eve
bounty land laws.
Mr. Walbridge offered resolutions,
over, for discussion, instructing the or
Ways and Means to bring in a bill red ,
present duty on foreign coal, so that r 1
ted duty free.
Mr Florence ineffectually releav , re:
the old Soldier,' Bounty Lind lilt ~,44e
etal order.
Mr Soldiers asked leave to offer a
that the President be request, .1 to 111
Howse, if not iecompatible sub public
what were the olject of the tt,uttrvuee at
can Ministers, and whether It sum
of orders from the Secretary Lif State,
suit
Objeutions was made
M r S. ' 31 ° 14 4 49 append the ruler
ayes 73 nays 10'2.
The President's Message was tiles
and read and referred to the entsaattet
whole, and 20,000 extra eopies "f* l ' d
printed. On motion, the Speaker Iry
id so appoint the standing cumulate
House adjourned
reeterd/7 . aftanoon, between two
CIOCk fire WOke out in the rot oe Par
propeller listerwatuniar, which be uP to
Palo sad Brantford Railroad and which 'in,
along side of the Fronlier Mills at Bias
The fire spread with fearful rapidlty ,
minutes the boat was enveloped in do
stem to stern. The fire aimmanicath;
Frontier Mills.. The propeller wa the/
from her moorings sad floated dean tbe
sheet of raging fire. She took direct'
Canada side, and when she had reached*
that shore about a mile and a half hew'
log. she burned to the water'. edge l";
clearly a total loss. She was valued
and insured for $20.000.
The fire in the Mill spread rapidly
its various stories and before aid could
it was entirely consumed, together will
bushels of wheat. The !bur in the ad
eipally saved. The mdl was owned
Ely. Esq., of Rochester. It had hren t
worked try M.-Bernam. Esq dnririf the
son, and up to the present time. ILe La
ed at some $40,000 and the learn ;1 ne•
Our lame* were on the ground *5 (sir(' ,
We, but not in time to save the por t '
loss of the is a swims, one to
and Brim railroad company. but Its
be promptly filled with a craft the
wants tithe mad forth, present
Da. Stk.
T'" "' w /%4ltlec—lt is rud w
dos of gat fierstaul of die Nary a) de'
Rad an aasistaat eimiticer 10 Durant
acrostics of the tosaidoory fur Ib fr
steamers. It Las oklt yrt boo
ttli , cito
IJ.
of the woo ate to b. UI4
..$