THE BLESSINGS OF GOVERNMENT, LIKE THE DEWS OF HEAVEN, SHOULD BE DISTRIBUTED ALIKE, UPON THE HIGH AND THE LOW, THE RICH AND THE POOR.
NEW SERIES.
EBENSBURG, PA. WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 1864.
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IVc. 4. 186
("1YRUS L. PERSUING, Esq. Attokxky
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Hank. ix 2
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Offiice on Main street, three doors East
ot Julian. ix 2
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next door north of Eq. Kinkead's office,
roesession given immediately
JOSEPH M' DONALD.
April 13, 1864.
IHisttllantous.
Marengo.
BY JOHN S. C. ABBOTT.
When Napoleon returned from Egypt,
the latter part of the year 1797, he found
Republican France assailed, both by sea
and land, by the combined Ueeta and
armies both of England and Austria. The
peril of France was-so great that dictato
rial power peemed essential for its salva
tion. Napoleon by g neral acclaim, was
placed at the head of the Government
with the title of consul.
Ilia first act was to write to both Eng
land and Austria, imploring peace, lioth
Governments contemptuously refused to
hoed his appeal. An Austrian army 150,
000 strong was on the banks of the Rhine,
menacing the Northern provinces of
Vruiice. Napoleon placed 150,000 vete
ran j, the elite of the French army, under
the command of Moreau, and sent them
to repel these invaders. The work was
et?ectu:i!ly accomplished in the great bat
tle of llohenlinden.
The Austrian General Mela?, with
1-10,000 men were marching upon France
through western Italy. He had already
reached the plains fromwhich the Alps
aweiid, and was preparing to pern-Irate
France through the undefended defiles.
Nspolcon formed the plan of presenting
no resistance to the head of these formi
dable columns, but secretly to cross the
Alp?, where hie pHPsage would not be
thought of, and to assail the foe unex
pectedly, and with overwhelming energy
in the rear.
Sixty-live thousand troop6 were assem
bled at points on the eastern frontier of
France, where they could attract but little
observation, but from which, at a few
hours notice they could be concentra
ted at the contemplated rendezvous at
Dijon. From this station, at the foot of
the Alps, almost with a rush they were to
cross the p.nss of the Great Saint liernard,
and to sweep down like an avalanche upon
the Austrian hosts.
The minutest details of the expedition
were arranged with the utmost care, that
there should be no possibility of failure.
Immense magazines of provisions were
collected. An ample amount of gold was
placed in tin army che.-t to hire the peas
ants, with their mules, to aid in dragging
the guns oer the pass. Mechanic shops
rose as by magic, all along the way, to
repair promptly every possible breakage.
The ammunition was stored in small
boxes which could be transported on the
backs f mules. Hospitals were estab
lished on both sides of the pass.
On the summit of the mountain is a
convent of world-wide renown. The
monks were provided with an ample sup
ply of bread and cheese and a cup of wine
to present to each soldier as he passed.
Napoleon superintended all these details,
while at the same time he arranged all
the combinations of the campaign. As
the precipitous path could only be tnxl in
single file, the carriages were taken to
pieces, and slung on poles, carried by men.
Large pine logs were split and hollowed
out, so that the heavy guns could be fas
tened in the grooves, and thus they were
dragged by a long string of mules, in
single file. When the mules failed a hun
dred men were harnessed to a single gun.
The summit of the pass is eight thousand
feet above the sea. The distance across,
from the plains of France to tlie plains of
Italy, is twenty miles.
Though there were several disasters by
the way, and not a few lost their lives,
the feat which has been deemed impossi
ble, was accomplished, and the army ap
peared, as if it had descended from the
clouds upon the plains of Italy traversing
the banks of Aosta. The Austrians, who
were eagerly croA'ding upon the frontiers
of France, had no conception of the peril
thus gathering in their rear.
Melas heard the tidings, and alarmed
began to concentrate his forces. Napo
leon gave hitn not a moment of leisure.
To Lannes and Murat he issued the order,
"Gather immediately your divisions at
Stradello. You will have on your hands
fifteen or eighteen thousand Austrians.
Meet them and cut them to pieces. It
will be so many enemies less on the day
of decisive battle we are to expect with
the entire army of Melas."
The prediction waB true. Lannoa and
Murat encountered 18,000 of the foe at
Montebello, strongly posted with batteries
which swept the plain. The French
soldiers, inspirited by the almost miracu
lous power, with which Napoleon infused
his own spirit into his troops, appeared to
pay no regard to shot or shell. Though
but. eight thousand in number they rushed
upon the entrenched foe. "At the first
discharge of the hostile batteries," said
Lannes, " I could hear the bones crash
in my division like glass in a hail storm."
For nine hours the carnage continued.
Just as the Austrians were routed, and
were flying before their victors, Napoleon
appeared upon the field. Lannes had
been the hero of this bloody day. As he
stood amidst mounds of the dead, Napo
leon grasped his hand with a smile of
gratitude, and conferred upon him the title
of the Duke of Montebello.
Four days after this, Napoleon with but
30,000 men encountered Melas with 40,
000 troops upon the plain of Marengo.
The Austrian force included 7,000 caval
ry and 200 pieces or aitiilcry. The
French General Desaix, with G.000 men
was nearly thirty miles from the field.
Fortunately, when reclining in his tent
he heard the first crash of the battle, as
it came booming over the fields like dis
tant thunder. His troops were instantly
on the march, and they pressed forward
with all possible speed to the aid of their
comrades.
All tlie day long Napoleon held his
ground against a foe outnumbering him
two to one. It was now three o'clock in
the afternoon. The contending hosts were
within pistol shot of each other, and in
many cafes blending in the fiercest fight.
On parts of the field the French exhaust
ed and overpowered, were railing in con
fusion, pursued and cut down by the cav
alry of the foe. Napoleon by his person
al supremacy, still held a few srpiares to
gether, slowly, reluctantly, but in good
order retiring, while the victorious Aus
trian closely followed them, ploughing
their ranks with two "hundred pieces of
artillery. Melas doubted not that he had
gained the day, and dispatched couriers
throughout Europe to announce his vic
tory. Just then the solid columns of Desaix
appeared, impetuously entering the plain.
Desaix cast an anxious glance over the
confusion, around him, and upoH the bro
ken bleeding, and retreating battations of
the French, and spurring his horse, gal
loped to the point where Nojoloon stood
envcloucd in the smoke and dust of the
conflict.
" I see," said Desaix, " that the bat
tle is lost. I can do no more for you I
suppose than cover your retreat."
" By no means," Napoleon replied.
The battle I trust is gained. Charge with
your column. The disordered troops will
rally in your rear."
Desaix, at the head of his division,
made an impetuous charge upon the front
of the advancing foe. JU the same time
Kellerman received an order to charge the
foe in flank with his cavalry. The charge
was like one of m:izic. In an instant the
whole aspect of the field was transformed.
Those on the retreat. were partially rallied
by the voice of Naoleon as he rode along
their broken ranks.
"My friends," said he, " we have re
treated far enough. It is now our tum
to advance. Recollect that I am in the
habit of sleeping on the field of battle."
The French now raised shouts of vieto
rv, which rose a!ove the thunders of the
cannonade. A panic, and a well founded
one, now pervaded the ranks of the Aus
trians. In the wildest confu.-ion they
broke and fled. They were pursued, cut
down, and trampled beneath the iron hoofs
of Kellerman's dragoons. When the sun
went down behind the distant Alps, after
witnessing twelve hours of this frightful
carnage, more than twenty thousand hu
man beings were strewn upon the plain
weltering in blood.
- The rout of Melas was so entire that
escape was hopeless, and he was at the
mercy of his victor. Napoleon rode over
the field, aid gazed sadly upon the aspect
of misery spread everywhere around him.
As some ambulances passed him laden
with the mutilated forms of the wounded,
he stopped and uncovered his head, say
ing: " We cannot but regret not being
wounded, like these unhappy men, that
we might share their sufferings."
Under the influence of these feelings he
took a pen, upon the gory field, and wrote
83 follows to the Emperor of Austria :
Sike: It is on the field of battle, amid
the sufferings of a multitude of wounded,
and surrounded by fifteen thousand corpses
that I beseech' your majesty to listen to
the voice of humanity, and not to sutfer
two brave nations to cut each others
throats for interests not their own. It is
my part to press this upon your majesty,
bein" upon the very theatre of war. Your
majesty's heart cannot feel it as keenly as
does mine."
The letter was long and eloquent, but
unavailing. England and Austria still
continued the strife until the French ar
mies,' 'within sight of the steeples of Vi
enna, compelled a peace.
A Sad Picture
OF THE
Northern United States "Popular
Liberty CloneThe War Growing
More and More Envenomed.
New York Cor. London Times.
Tlie fiery ordeal of war has tried the
stability of the institutions on which pop
ular liberty seemed to repose, and found
them insufficient for the day of peril.
The longer the war lasts the more enven
omed it grows North and South are no
longer free Republics fighting against each
other for a principle, of honor but hos
tile despotism, ignoring the rights of the
people the one striving to exist, the
other to dominate. Liberty and war are
found to be as incompatible on one side
as on the other. The law of might is
the only law recognized. Men's passions
are inflamed to the fever point, and mad
ness takes the place of reason. Thieves
and swindlers in high places grow fat
upon the plunder of the army and the
eople. Commerce in the Federal North
is demoralized, and, having made up its
mind for high prices, shudders at the
prospects of peace and reconciliation, re
mote and shadowy as they are, and
curses the victories, real or supposed,
which the Government and generals in
the field announce, because they bring
down the premium on gold, reduce
price, and if continued much longer, will
ruin thousands of speculators, large and
small, and produce financial collapse, per
haps national bankruptcy, even though
they might not in the long run be found
stable and productive enough to produce
the pacification of the country. Party
feeling is venomous, and as the day of
election for the President draws near,
brings into play the worst characteristics
of human nature, and should the contest
prove close, threatens to introduce a new
element of revolutionary convulsion into
the seething caldron of popular passion.
The existing Administration is at its wit's
end to catch the wavering favor of the
multitude dies by itself, or its agents, on
every ewnt of eace and war that it can
twi.-t or exaggerate into a reason for the
perpetuation of its power. The working
classes are sullen and discontented, scowl
at the idea of a forced conscription, al
ways threatened but never attempted in
any populous community, and clamor for
an amount of wages in depreciated paer
which will represent the purchasing power
of the wages in hard money which they
received before their hands, or those of
their sons, were imbrued in the blood of
their Southern brothers, and up to this
time clamor, and are likely to clamor,
in ain. States as large as European
kingdoms are governed under martial
law by attorneys and mule drivers,
who seem to think that the more horrible
the atrocities they commit on their political
opponents the greater seriee they will
render to the government that employs
them. And oer and above all these
sources of evil broods the dark, iniqui
tous conviction that if the North cannot
conquer the South, or the South the North,
and that the lt"nion cannot be restored by
a civil war, a foreign war against France
or England, unprovoked although it may
be by either of those Powers, may af
ford the hist desperate chance of preserv
ing what these proud Americans call
" the lite of the nation ;" a nation, how
ever, that has never yet existed, and
which if the civilized world was wise,
and awake to its own interest and security,
would never suffer to exist, if the formal
recognition of the south as an independent
power were sufficient to prevent, or even
to retard the consummation. If the Union
be, indeed, moribund which the North
ern Americans passionately and contin
uously deny it dies hard. The strong
man disbelieves in his own dissolution.
All things are mortal but himself. Rome
and Greece may be dead, England may
have approached her last hour, but the
Union is in its vigorous and rampant
you'tv and neither insidious disease nor
sudden calamity shall strike it down.
He feels that no external hand has aimed
a blow at her vitality and cannot believe
that in his rude and lusty frame there
exists a poison that he can neither eradi
ate nor neutralize, andthat the same phys
ical laws which apply to other living be
ings apply also to him. He curses his
doctors, repudiates his remidies, and even
in the last agony thinks a vigorous ma
turity and a green old age are before him.
GZ- In the government game of drafts,
one does not care how many black men
are taken.
(3- AU kinds of beana can be repro
duced except the have bcens.
A Hum Machinist.
Henry Maudsley, one of the most emi
nent English Mechanics (whose death is
reported to us among the news brought by
the last foreign steamer) had his mechani
cal instinct strikingly developed. His
father was a carpenter, but young Mauds
ley himself was much fonder of working
in iron, and would often excite the anger
of the foreman by stealing off to an ad
joining smithy. lie urged so hard for the
change that when fifteen years old, he was
transferred from the carpenter's to the
blacksmith shop. Here he became an
expert worker in metal, and was soon i
quite noted for forging "trivers" with
great speed and skill, the old experienced
hands gathering round to admire him
when ut this work. They had in this
shop which belonged to the naval works
of Woolwich a very accommodating
superintending officer, who would blow
his nose in a ecuiiar manner when ap
proaching, so that all forbidden jobs, and
making "trivers" was among them, was
put out of the way by the time he enter
ed the shop. When a boy has the innate
love of his trade that Maudsley had, and
thousands of American youth all over the
country to-day, he docs not remain at the
foot of the ladder. Take a boy there
are plenty such who has no particular
predilection for anj thing, ar.d put him at
a trade, and he will always remain a mere
workman. Rut boys like Maudsley, al
most without knowing it, are urged on to
something bettor. At this time Rrahmah
the lockmaker, had grent difficulty to find
mechanics skillful enough to make his
locks with the neat precision he wanted.
Young Maud.-ley was suggested to him,
and on being sent for, the Wcolwich
blacksmith came to London. He was
then but 18 years old, strong, muscular,
and remarkably handsome Rut both
Brahmah and his foreman thought he was
too young to be put in the shop with old
workmen. A worn out vice bench was
laying near by, and Maudsley seeing his
chances were in danger, asked permission
to go right to work and fix it up. He
did so, and the job was so splendidly exe
cuted that he was at once engaged, and he
became as much a favorite in this as in
his former shop. As before said, he was
extremely handsome an Apollo among
Vulcan ; and his personal advantages,
with his mental activity, had their eff ect
on his fellow workmen, who tacitly ac
knowledged him as their leader and supe
rior. He rose in position, and became
foreman. In 1797 he opened a shop of
his own and he and his wife (for a pretty
girl had a little time before accepted the
hand of the handsome blacksmith) clear
ing the hired shop of the dirt and rubbish
left in by a former tenant. His first cus
tomer was an artist, who gave an order
for the iron frame of a large easel ; and
thenceforth Maudsley's shop had plenty of
work. His next success was the inven
tion of the slide rest with which his name
usually indentined, an invention, too,
which all familiar with the use of the
turning lathe, now consid. r indispensable.
Maudsley subsequently became a famous
manufacturer of machinery ; but even
when he employed numbers of men, and
found it necessary to labor more with the
head than the hands, he used to go often
to the fort;e and work enthusiastically
with the sledge hammer, just from sheer
love of his art. In time his shop became
as it were a college of mathematical art,
from which the best mechanics were proud
to graduate.
jjriT A traveler coming, wrt and cold
into a country tavern on the coast uf
Kent found the fire completely blockaded.
He ordered the landlord to carry his horse
half a eck of oysters "He can't eat
ovsters," said mine host. " Try him,"
quoth the traveler. The company all
ran out to see the horse eat oysters. "Ho
wont eat them as I told J'ou," said the
landlord. "Then," cooly replied the
gentleman, who had taken possession of
the best seat,' " bring them to me, and I'll
eat theui myself."
$y Specimens of a new style fraction
al currency, to supersede that now in cir
culation, have been prepared at the Trea
sury department. Every effort will bo
made to guard against counterfeiting,
which prevails to a large extent with tlie
present, issues. It is probable that the
new currency will be of different sizes
graduated to "the several denominations.
3T A jealous husbmd at St. Louis,
recently spied around his house and rushed
as he supposed, upon his wife and a
strange man in his garden. Just as he
was about to open the stranger with a big
knife the lady revealed herself as his cook,
and the young man was found to be her
lover. lie w-as pared-
Tlie Judge and Ills Ilciiiijolin.
A good joke is told of a judge in New
Hampshire. He always kept a demijohn
of good Jamaica in his' private office for
his particular friends. The Judge had
noticed for some time that on Monday
morning his Jamaica was considerably
lighter than he had left it on Saturday
night. Another fact had established it
self in his mind. His son Sam was
missing from the parental pew in church
on Sundays. One Sunday afternoon
Sam came in and went up stairs very
heavy, when the Judge put the question
to him.
"Sam, where have you been ?"
" To church sir," was the prompt reply,
"What church, Sam?"
"Second Methodist, sir."
" Had a good sermon, Sam !"
" Very powerful, sir ; it quite stag
gered me."
" Ah ! I see," said the Judge, " quito
powerful V
The next Sunday the son came home
rather earlier than usual, and apparently
not so much " under the weather."
His father hailed him with, "Well,
Sam, been to the 'Second Methodist
again, to-day J"
" Ye, sir."
" Good sermon, my boy ?"
" Fact was, father, that I couldn't get
in ; the church was shut up, and a ticket
on the door."
"Sorry, Sam ; keep cn going you
may get good by it yet."
Sara says that on going to the office for
his usual refreshment, he found the
"John" empty and bearing the following
label: "There will be no servico here
to-day ; the church ia temporarily eloaed."
A WtaTtRx Dkscriition of Waltzing.
A group of splendid ones is on the
floor, and lovingly mated ; the gents en
circle their partner's waists with one arm.
The ladies and gentlemen closely face to
face. They are very erect, ard lean a
little back. The ladies lean a little for
ward. (Music.) Now all wheel and
whirl, circle and curl. Feet and heel of
gents go rip, rap, rip, rap, rip. Ladies'
feet go tippety tip, tippety tip, tip. Then
all go rippety, elippety, slippefy, flippetyr
skippety, hoppity, jumpity, sumippity,
thump. Ladies tiy off by centrifugal mo
mentum. Gents pull ladies hard and
close. They reel, swing, slide, look
tender, look silly, look dizzy. Feet fly,
tresses fly, hoops fly, all fly. It looks
tuggity huggity, pnllity, squcozity, pressi
ty, ruppity, rip. The men like a cross
between steelyards and " lincjer-jacks,"
beetles and jointed X's. The maidens
tuck down their chins very low, or raise
them exceedingly high. Some giggle and
frown, some sneer, and all sweat freely.
The ladies faces are brought against those
of the r. en, or into their bosams, toes
against toes. Now they are again ma
king a sound, gforgv-pcorgy, deery-peery,
didy-pidy, coachey-poachey. This dance
is not much, Lut the extras are glorious.
If men were women, there would be no
such dancing. Hut they are oiuy men,
and so the thins; goes on by women's love
of it.
CJT The rebels are reported to be ma
king flour out of the seeds of Sorghum
which is brown in color and makes cakes
as trood as those made of buckwheat.
A young Frenchman bet ten franca
that he could swallow a live fish. The
fish stuck in his throat, and could not be
extracted, and so the young man died.
td?- An old widower says : Always
pop the question with a laugh ; if you be
accepted, well and good ; if not, you can
say you were- only joking! Here's wick
edness. Look out for your commas. The
Chief Constable of a Canadian village
certified that he had arrested a man 44 for
attempting to marry his wife, being alive."
C3 The selectmen of Wells, Me., have
been fined 5 and costs each, for not al
lowing a colored man to vote at the recent
State election.
C2 A young lady w ho was taking
music lessons, was aked how she could
afford it in these hard times. Oh,"
said she, 44 I confine myself to Uie lvw
notes."
C3T What is the difference between a
settler in the far West and a city thirf T
One tills the clearing, and the other goea
in for clearing the tills.
(ST If a dead body could speak, in
what three letters "would it express its
condition f I D K.
C5 The way to put down butter,
tnread it on iie swoet fresh bread.