imf lit all
f.
tS f " OE,rs oF e.,rB.v. c OKr-7re .him. wo.y roe ,OM .,.v0 . lot. e , r;B p00K.
M$ IP III Jy A ! J,
ier 111 I II fl I IK i(
It I I 1 1
VEW SERIES.
TaIand!shani In Congress.
ye Speech for the Hour.
- C L- VALANDIGHAM DE-
f-VXtilS THE WAR DISUNION.
fir "PEACE" tit we mjr
liecomtruct It!
ON CAN "STA1 UL1
lAl-IA XHW ENGLAND.
1 Statesman VIcits.
C,Mnx Januan, 14, IS. J ?'Vdou- 1 ' -, with
i uc d. J
:inrv.
wi;cti preeia.ius tuni iui
I -... it'-'ior, and j
-; - :ii:ixi:n. I st.ii.iM unon .
. i - . i . . . . , i
. j-r-i's'rc it. W'.C'Vir
, ..'!...',. 117? i-"c
- - fit t.
.v'.'' nm. That
'..v.. la jxj'.ities i not
i:i thii'iZ : and 4.;ae-
.:ce ir
tied.
!!
'ri.i
I
r. it
. .1
l t:
in
:.: ! i
I i i I
p.e.
net
to
t r.
u lo-uay
?:i:
' s; much '
tn.y gar- '
v. lio
' . n it her i
re t:r tise
t s-ipport.
. 1
Hil l ', I.
e done ns
I Co.dd
h:
've. War
r n ;t
r..if. the
Irion a
viU. ();,r
.1
: ii.r Wv-re tj 1. whipped
!c i !V.lovs!i!p at the p.-.;rt
'" y moii'-teroiis 1
;rr. h. i! i war to e
' 1 aicri-t a ma-t-
-:oh
to
f.t sw.-.-nment ; to sve
icstic m
eonrriest and
r. : but a w:?r for Union ! W:s j
:i tiiiis in:;. i-Was it ever thus !
Sir hwrorv wtl! ihu4..I !....
" 4-' 414 IH'.t'i lli.ll I
'.y mx tiio-ii.--.in I y.-ais of folly j
i--t;.ese;n every form an. I admin-
rnnnent, theocratic, demo- !
al.i.-. oMig:irehie, despotic, and
- -t --v.is reserved to American j
' p ; ! the niijcte-enth cer.tuvy
v .i, r o i r;i t. -- il.- m-.,,,.l 1
.... 4i - 1 144. i 1. 1 : 4 4 .v :
1 ii it M'a!.' the most cost I v and '
:n its
t cev.
: !,
1 e
ii- ... . 1
i t. a war of conn vt -.n.l us nthusiasin, li.- ir most
! ;:.me pa re. the utter ilisac- ' tl in England or America
. , tv. w 11 in
t
i-w aa-i supplies
p
inal alone, "m the
;-e ::iesti. n of the
1 it T L I i I j
continu-
. -T'.r.:..n. and h
" --j-y a-.d ftronglv
' .!. ir- 1811
. ?ai :
' ; tint there is a distinction
in
a stat.:
0,1"
isuii itself.
l nciple, sir, he acted after
'-' '''t : li,t r.i ne knows but mv-
'!'-;f that opposition.
oi it,- character and. cor.se-
' t iinp.ji..';blo for m to
l- vnmirv -vs ' i w.- 1 "e trnmusiiisui
And again, in 1818:
"But utter the war was declared,
by the authority of the Government, I
acquiesscd in what I could not prevent,
and which it was impossible for me to
arrest ; and I then fe!t it to be my duty
to limit my e-fibrts to give such direction
to the war as would, as far as jjossible,
prevent the evils and dangers with which
-;: WHO DON'T LIKE KECOX- i 11 threatened the country and it institu-
tions.
! Sir, I adopt all this as my own position
j and my defence ; though, perhaps, in a
j c ivil war, I might fairly go further in op-
my
cenvie-
turns, vote men and money tor this w;.r,
I and I would not as a Kepresentative vo
Sir, 1 was not taught ! """ m'-m- i meant t.iar, without op-
position, the I 'resident ini-rht take all t!
men an 1 ail the money he shoull de:n;;r. I.
and then to hold hi;n to a stiict aeeoimt-
; r:tk yr.ttrutm ility before the peop!
fxr t!ic irsulis.
. Not bclievinjr the ?oIdk-r5 re-p-.)iis:lV i,r
the war, or it purposes, or its conejii-.-n-:
ces, I have never within id mv vote v. Iiere
; their setxrate iniei is:s were rond-n .1
lii.t 1 June d.-iii.i.MK -d frt.m tlie Iginning !
: in- ii-iu :.n i w:e miraeuoirs die
.T- . . i .t r
' and a'.l, of law and Coiiiiti:tio:i, by th?
i'nith, and i i seJciit a:.d ti!ej;e r ..;;u : tu.-ir re-
honors. !r,:u' SU1,J ptiSL-tesii ariutury arn-.-is,
tiir.t is ' sUf'peHsi"! i .'iitif c rji'ts, the i I.i-
did it. ! ,-'-n '" ireedom of ;i.e. mails, of th- private
d..i.l.t ! bouse, of t!.o pr-ss. :.nd of and ail
t ' rl f ri . i1 f i ' .IT: ..-1 t.
Wi i t'i;s
ns,k.-. noi u P'-bHc U.wly and pnv.-.tc t:uht.
! -it. Hi-..;.. -. ....... ..
th?
w. r.-t despol't.is on .-.., in i.,r the
t", eiitv tiiontii-: and I v. ill co:i.ii !
rel i.'e and d r i:.or- fiet:i to the
lrst
to
.1.1:
I.it
i'.-. ( r-n, have :it
1 r.-bukrd th'-m.
o tin.c I :i;-: va! n
! he-rd and hek-d.
i'j t:ie recoiM an
ior n,y jusiif:eatl;n. J
And novv, sir. I r-.Oiir t . i- st:i: of J
t!;e I'nio.i to- .:y. W'r.il is it.' Sir,
twenty nv.-ntii- iuve ei,psed. but ine re- j
Iw-'.lion is not c. u.-'re i out : its nn'it;;rv :
! powir lias not !
( cents have not d
not re-tord : ..r
' t.iinod : nor tli- 1
.-'iXtv. -I ill!
I . - 7
; O;: i.iive 1 ir.-f
ti broken : t:' insur-
!i-;"rsf.h 'i'l.e U.si--n is
r tii' v ,n.::i:-.iL:n s.;ai:;
1 r.v-s enforce!. Ta nf.
!' i:W:i !rc l, six be ; .;-.!
il : a th' -asan 1 !::i'iiv'o
and three hiui Ird tiioii--r
bodi-s ninl.-d : and
il -nit- flair is still near
; been exjr iitlt-d
; sand ies Iot
! to- inv :tie ('
j tl'C l'etoipac
a:.d the t i i . and t!
! i-d- ratv'
I at lirst.
govermi'.ent TH':;-h strousr'-r lii.'in
Not a Sr ite has ben r-si-n-d,
n::cl a ' r,n' nr'v F511" anv Stat;- !ia voluntarily '
IfPed to the l "oi. ;,. And
r.a- anv--.
or
up i Uiiv been v
ntin i'lii C'or.L'.
to aWiNh ii d..n,..st;.";,4Ct;M. ; States, or the people in th.-'ir mo.-:
imp.'issi- ned
patriotism, coui.i U-stow ; as it
er? And did not 1ik party ol the execu
tive control the entire Fe.'.-ral fio em
inent, every Siaie g..veriiinrnt. yery
count', every city, town, and i'lage in
the North and West.' Was it pitro.iage?
All belonged to it. Was jt influence ?
What more? Did not the school, the
college, the church, the press, the secret
orders, the municipality, the corporation,
railroads, telegraphs, express companies.
proportions of creatine l,ie voluntary assoi-iauou, an, ;iu it-.n n
uid deveh:.incT fr:if..rr,:i1 i to the uinvfct ? Was it unanimity I
. - . i .i . . ! i ;i ..: .1 i :.
wrir- .-m.i h,at..rv- . -t'l -,,4-,i .Never was an .vnnnr.isinuion so supir-
About five :
.i'es-t hisi.j.lv failure of the ex- 1 mPn anc half a score of newspapers mad
i:: the onposinon. as it enthusiasm!
t -I 4 I .. T -
.4
was fanatical
Hiere
:r' ;"r t ' that seii.n.l of politics j has "ot Wn !l,!riiing like it since the
, ::: th.at when w, are at war, I Cnisades. Was it confidence ? Sir, the
''rrm.-ni I do not mean the Cx-: faitl1 01 tnc Pcot!e exci-eiied that of the
a-'T.?, hut the Government is I patriarch. They gave up the Constitu-
" ...man-i an-1 have, without re- j "n, law, right, and lilierty, all at your
- v:cH v. -.iir.'vr of men and such ! demand for arbitr:uy power that the nv
T i 1 t- ... 1. ..,4.1,.
:i-'v aao snm, frrr-iilv ocnion mictni, :i-s ,u 1 .100110, o Hirir
n 'i.-'sa.-v for the war, until j out m tbrec months and the Union
r. Ik- had to the roo!"'. l- restored. Was credit needed? You
! t'Xk control of a country, young, vigorous.
d inexhaustible in wealth and resources.
' ll h It I 1UU lflS '.I r 1 Ul h vioi- .inn- ... - - - -
laid it down ' public debt, raid whoe
"m a soeeeh on ' never been tanil-hed.
good faith had
Your gr-at 11:1-
Speak "m" of the 1 tional loan bui.oie tauea miserao.j, as u
c j deserveil to fail ; but the bankers and.
. 4 k ' ... .
mpre briiif s of 1 lil.adclpnia. Nt'W 1 orii
. . . i .i. . . .
' . .
r.C ,4.... ..r. anJ ISostor. lent vou more man uieir i-u-
flatter, the rHit of withhold-! tire banking capital. And when that - ,
i.ie iiriu oi vv milium -n i .... . .
tuuui ::! tailed too. vou lorce-i creu.t iv tieeiaiitiz
- -re. t- and succful nroc- ' vour paper promises to p.iy, ah-al tender f the lirst. 1 lem-nci u o, u,uum
'th- .:.r. rlior all Vbt,. Was 'money wanted -Oly lords you cannot conquer America
-i:hh..ldin ipp wuft a viv You hn.I ull the revenues of the United , And you have no conquered the South
-V e.,u? i'ZZ i States, diminished indeed, but still in You never w.lL 'J;
' " t or.1v to'be what it his len i gold- The whole wealth of the country, ; things possible : much less under your au-
n r- i .- . . r, Lrfitniinr lvv..r feet. l'ri- : spie s. But money you have cxpenued
4-j iTC in. i.j ruinuui- i 7 ,
... wvason out very little - . . V" .... i "i i:n.'.t ;.nd b'.l i-oured out like
.. i r4 in,.,.-!, iv.u miiniciTvii coriKHTLLious. iihu... i -
i
4.14. .41-44 . 4 V. , 1 " I '
the State governments., all in their frenzy
M v;,...,, mvi vou monev or means
with reckless
--.-..ii ...41. 4 4 .4 44 41 1 V'. j f." J
--ilt- u e:.i. ..nvllmilitv. The trreat eastern
citus
T "-t knows that I was onn.- lent vou 15,0 O.t00 Cngiiss votM,
i . . - .
iho cum ot :!. .tr.Hij.uu. s.na next
With ,no0,oo0 more in loans: an.l then, .Mr. 1 iKej. i .... -"' "7": , - i-yi -, :
" liU ! . ... , .iin.,..Ai !-:. ...,- s-iKntion " Sir. thev have ! n,t.v and Roeakir? the fame SanCTUar. ' anoir.er pit
I . ' . . . . . ,,M 1 .-4J.,. 444 1 tl4.1 I 1 . n 4- ..r .4 1444 -r 14. Il.ll. f ll.' '
i lirst, .v),w.,.i,;.-v., , r ,wj. ' u ' .m,mlr ,n- in th- C n
v.,te ' next -90,COO.fM, and. m .lulr last, ivcnme mr -...o - - ...... - -.
' .$150,00,000 in Treasury .te.. : and th- 1 be war fc the I mon :-. m - our hands j d.r by cvd stnte or war. unlet My were , J -t t..- .
EBENSBURG, PA. WEDNESDAY, FEB. 11,
Secretary has issued also a " papr post
age currency, in sums as low as five
cents, limited in amount only by his dis
cretion. Nay, more: already since the
4 th of July, 1861, this House has appro
priated $2,000,000,000, almost every dol
lar without debate, and without a record
vote. A thousand millions have been
expended since the lGth of April, 18G1 ;
and public debt or liability of $1,500,000,
000 already incurred. And to support
all this stU)endous outlay and indebted
ness, a system of taxation, direct and in
direct, has been inaugurated, the most
enormous and unjit ever imposed upon
any but u conquered people.
3lon:y ;.nd credit, -then, you have had
in prodigal profusion. And were ni"n
; wanted? More than a million rushed to
i arms! Seventy-five thousand fir?t, (and
'. the country sUmmI aghast at the multitude,)
! t!i :i ei.'hty-tluve thousand more were
!i :n.tnd -d; and three hundred and ten J
thousand responded to the call. The j
i'ii leiit next asked four hundred thou-j
sand, :uA Congress, in its generous conn-
dence. gave him five hundred thousand : ;
and, not ta be outdone, he took six hun-
dr.sl and thirt v-.evcn thous;inl. Il.ilfof
.nrse i.ieiicn away in i.ie mT campaign : '
lied away in the first e.i.n
lYcsHelit llemaiided thrif
and
le 1 l'esl ilemaiioe-I l!uf nun-
t:r.-.t t-msan.i more tor tne w.ir. ant t:ien
: i:r.-.rt-it yet another three v.i.n i:- i thou- i
; .:wk itr nine inciuiis. i:e i.-oneu nois (
; 01 Aevxes have i-en outn-u.:! r.-i. .nl
yi t .ictory stntugely follows the Stan Innls j
I of it..- f From Great Bethel to Vkks-
bu-g.
battle has not been to t!i ? strorg. j
x .. .. . .
h.i n t'.llowed bv
a Ciill for r.iore troops,
ai:d v'tv timo so far thy have l"en
pronrt tly fumishrd. From th' beginning
the war
.is been c.,ndi:i-teil a 1011I!-
;d c:;;iip.-tign, and it has b-.'.' n tlie folly of
tI:o party in p .v r tli.it .hev hr.ve assumed
thai numbers alone would win the tkdd in
a con?, st not with b:uiot out with mu- t
kft ;uil swor 1. But numbers you have .
1 ..' 4. .1 f Mlf ! ltri4Cf 1
4 .4..IF4 l 44 .4 444. 4.4 4 I I : 1 I 4 I 41I-. 4.44 ."4
bt ;t ::j poi::te I, best arm. !. S'l. and clad
hovt of lra--e nu n, well "rgaiiied and
a e'l ili.-i'iiir.ed, t.v r maiha,ed. .V Navv.
:.!.'. not th - most formi lab!- nerhnps.
::t l!4e nn- uu.iieroUT, and
the '''I -t in the world,
'.j' :.!inort without a navv at
gaoant
an-1 1
ii 1 ilLiain-t a i
11. Twon- I
million ivot.i", and everv
nent ol
.-.iiviith and fore- at command power.
natron:e'i iofhirnee. una;:n:ty. entluisi-
4 ' - -
asm, confidence
credit, monev, men, an
Army and a Navy the largest and the I
noblest ever s -t in the field or afloat upon
I the sa : with the suprt. almost servile,
f everv State, county, and municipality
j in the North, and West; with a Congress
: swift to do the bidding of the Executive :
without opposition anywhere at home.
raid with an arbitrary power which nei
' tlier the Czar of Russia n r the Emiror
1 of Austria dare exercise: yet after nearly
t.vo vears of more vigorous pros.-cution of
i wni- th:!n ever recorded in hislory; after
more skirmishes, com oats
id battles
than Alexander. Ca sar, or the first Na
tHj'i'on ever foupht in imy five years of
their military career, you have ulterty,
sijnallv. disastrously I v. ill not sayiuo
miniouslv failed to sulxlue. ten million
"relicls," wh. ui you had taught the
people of the North and est not only to
hate but to de.-pis.. HetK is, tint i say :
Yes, your fathers were rebels, or your
trrandfathcrs. fe trho nOr bfn-r me on Can
rt A '..- ditii'ii -'(' '' Hjf'i m, tir '.ie , -
triwrte, ' i,ni-rtic i-tiitnh'ii) nj' titC trttit
A'yM'Vc, rrhirU lir j'otituh'l, mis it r. M.
And vet we, era-lied ourselves in rcl:llion,
and who have, fostered and fraternized
with every insurrection in the nineteenth
ceiiturv everywhere throughout the globe,
would" now, forsooth, make the word
"rebel a reproach. Bcliels eertainly
they are ; but all the persist.-nt and stu
pendous efforts of the most gigantic war
fare of m.xlem times have, through your
incompetency and folly, availed nothing to
,'t' cut off' thoutrli thev liave
i rusn i:iem .
Ijec-n bv your blockade from all the world,
and d-pendent only ujkju their own cour
a -e ami resources. And vet they were to
.--.. i i ...l-i i : ..:
i... .,ti..r r it l.ii "t i :iiii s 41 1 n l .1' 4 1 iji ;i.v
; w.,ks. or thne months Mr, my ju - tg -
, ......i., .... -ind cxnivs.sed trom
i..e... ....... - ,
4-.. I I 1 ll-4.1 I l,-Tt',-.1.4 -
J I" 44. .1441 14 444-44. 4144444l(4444 .
ff. . A- 1 1
j water. D-Jt, ,ll.t, Unrfw, .yl.:,r,.
tc nrt ijir trrj:'tie
vain the Hple
gav.
veu treasure and the se'Mier yieldeil
up his
life. Uigbt, tax, emancipate.
let th
said the gentleman from Maine
Pll;lood and costly failure. The j separated by distance or vast natural ! 1787 Stronger yet than all 7 the pcr
1 resident confessed it oti the 2-2,1 of sr. I i.a n , r .i , . . ? 3 , . . "UJ lxr
te.mber, solemnly, ofiiciallv. and under the
broad seal of the United States. An.', he
ha4 now repeated the confession." The
priests and rabbis of abolition taught him
that God would not prosper sucha cause.
W.ar for the Union was abandoned ; war
for the negro openly begun, and with
stronger battalions than before. With
what success ? Let the dead at Freder
icksburg and Vicksburg answer.
And now. sir, can this war continue?
Whence the money to cany it on ? Where
the men? Can you !mtow? From
whom? Can von" tax more? Will the
people near it : ait till you have col-
lected what
nainaly le-viefl. How manv ,
millions more of ' le:al tender" to-dav
forty-seven pr cent below the par of gold
can you tioat ? Will men enlist now ai
any price Ah, sir, if is easier to die at
home. I beg pardon: but I trust lam
not 4,di-c)unigingenlistmeit." If I am,
tlin first urrcst Lincoln, Stanton, and
llaHerk, and some of vour other "eneral.
and I will retract ? yes, I will recant. But '
run youlratt ajrain t Ask Aew Limland i
New ork. Ask Mass;ichusett.
nere are i ne n;ne nunUTii thousand:
.V?K not UillO tj,e Aortliwcst. She:
n.ougr.t you were in tannst. and pave
- .
J
.. j
you a.i, ai: more than yon demanded.
,4 .; , t i , r m j .1 .
The fair, fjud bride cf yMer eve.
Arid acd tire .ntid n:ntr'n grav,
Saw the .ovel war.iors l.af. away.
Anu deenie-l it sin to prieve.:'
S:r, in blowl sh has atrnr-d f.,r her
iMeduiity ; and now t lie re i moumin in
ev iy hou.-e, and distress ;iil sadm ss in
every heart. Shail she give vou anv
More
1 ut ought tliii war to continue ?
answer. NO ! Not a !tj ! Not
i
an
hour! What then? Shall we separate ?!
Ag:u.i 1 answer, no, n, no!
,n, now. sir, I corm to th
' hat then?
raiide! mid
4 IT; '.1
mot sublime probkm of siatesm::nship
from the litginniTsg? and to the IoJ of
Heaven. iUumiiier of hearts and mind-, I
would humbly appeal for some measure.
at !ea-t. of lijiht and wisdom and strenirth
t,i . vi,i,;re and reve:d the ila-k liiit lu.il-
bio fiittiiv of this land.
t xN TIU: l-Mon f.r rtlKsr. stvtks ijk m
sronr.p ? now suau.it pf. iw.nk? the Noith and the .South, and no line ol
And why not? Is it historicailv im- j latitude iqon which to separate ; and if
pi.sslblc ? Sir, the fiequei.t civil wars and I ever a line of longitude shall be cstab
coi.Hiets u-tween the States of Greece did ! lished, it will be east of the Mississippi
not prevent their cordial union to resist
the IV-rsian invasion : nor did even the !
thirty years IVIoponnesian war, rprlnging, i
in art, from the abducti- n of sl.aves, :irnl
embitti-red and disastrous as it was let
Thucidides speak wholly destroy the
fellowship of those States. The wise I Io
nian? ended three years s.i.il war after
many bloody battles, and much atrocity,
by admitting the Slates of Italy to all the
rights and privileges of I'omau citizenship
the very object to secure which these
States had taken up arms. The 1 .order
wars
between .Scotland and Eneland.
running through centuries, del not prevent lino to the Ohio river, or from .Manhattan
the final union, in pence an.l bv adjust- to the Ca::a las.
ment, of the two kinirdoins im.ler one J And now, sir, i there any difference of
monarch. Compromise 'did at last what j race here, so radical as to forbid re-union?
ages of coercion and attempted conquest I not refer to the negro race, fctyled
had failed to e fleet. England kept the. i now, in unctious otncial phrase by the
(TOwn, while Scotland gave the kin- to ! 1 'resident, " Americans ot African de
wear it : and the memories of Wallace j cent," Certainly, r, there ars two white
and the Bruce of Bannocburn, became races in the l.mted Mates, both from the
pari of the glories of British historv. I j same common stock, and yet so distinct
pass bv the Union of Ireland with "Eng- f ne of them so peculiar that they up
land a Union of force, which God and velop different forms of civdizalion, and
iust men abhor ; and vet pivcisclv " tin? imght l said to belong, almost, to differ
Union as it should lie" of the Abolition- J st types of mankind. But the boundary
its of America. Sir, the rivalries cf the of these two races is not at all marked
lunwsof York and Lancaster filled all j by the line which mvid-s the slave.ioldmg
En dand with cruelty zu .daughter : yet
winpromisw and inten.i irria-e iid.tl the
strife at last, and the white "ruse and the
-1 ivcm K1imii1o1 in onrv Who divanicil
month before the death of Cromwell;
that in two vears the te pie ol lamhin 1.
I afj,T twenty 'wars of civil war end us.ir-
i -.1 . - .
ihI? And'who could hav.: fbr-toid in thc
iKMnnnin- of 1S12, that within
... .... -t
t -.n'O ve-ars. ainlin wcu.a u.' in rx.w
,,iv.na"elescrt islind. .i-.d the lV,rbons
I L..4.i ...4.1 f...',.. tntrrv. -ntin,, A-A
it ; but it is' a strange hi-torv. Or who
then exteiltoamphew of Napo-
, .. i.,i,.r .;u. tl...
It.'OII. 1111114-11,4. 4 4.,..-- .4..., .-4.4. ... - -
-
, - i - . r ij
an.l reiii r.n.pcror o. ..u.,i- s ....
many riais an-i p..pie. oi.ee st-j.-iii.n-,
have Ix-eome unittl in the course of ages
thronrjli natural causes and without cn-
quest
T . I T .. . I .. ...... T. . .n.lni.A.,
oui i reiii'.ii.."". siui- iii-i.n .
nation, wou.i, wnn great imaMimuv, re-."."- - . -
itore the house of Stewart in the person Eiri, the vomnvxi d-'ce!it and there
of its uiost worthless pri.u-e, whew father fore co;.angmn:ty of the great mas- o.
. i..r.,.. ... K.l. .4.,,!. , the i-.-opV. Had th" Canadas lvn svt-
1863.
Tribes is the exception ; these parted
witnout actual war, and their subsequent
history is not encouraging to secession.
But when Moses, the greatest of all states
men, would secure a distinct nationality
and government to the Hebrews, he left
Egypt and established his people in a dis
tant country. In modern times, the
Neitherlands, three centuries ago, won
their independence by the sword ; but
France and the English channel separated
them from Spain. So did our Thirteen
Colonies ; but the Atlantic ocean divorced
us from England. So did Mexico, and
and other Spanish colonies in America :
but the same
ocean divided them Xrom
Spain. Cuba and the Car.adas still
adhere to the parent Govcrement. And
who. now, North or South, in Europe or
America, looking into history, shall pre
sumptiously say that because of ci il war
j the iv-union of these Stales i impossible ?
War, ind-t-d, while it lasts, is disunion,
i and. if it lasts loti"- enonrdi. will lv finnl
eternal separation first and anarch v und
desiotism atterwnnl. II.hpb T wi-.i.M
hastrn peace nor,-, to-dar. bv cver' Luno-
i .n l:
Are there nliv-icil rn:iv il.i-b r.n.W
re-union ii'piTiCt.ibie ? None. Where
1. uiiivii 1 1 i J 'I .1 1.4 4'i. 1 4 I J - i I ; 4 1 u
oth-r can st- lo not control, riers ur.ite :
but mountains, dex-its, and .great bodies
I 01 water ) 1 tivcawe; .vpprate a
j eo le. Vast Crests origiiially, aiid the
lakes now.
!iso itmie u not verv
i widely or wholly from the Canadas.
'. though we sjeak. the same language, and
I are similar in m: nneis, laws and ii.tltu-
tions. Oiir chiet tiaig:b!c livers run
; fn-ai North to South. Most of our bays
I and arms of the sea take the same direc
! tio!i. So do our rai.r:s of mountains.
! Natural causes all t' nl to Union, except
:i5 between the Faci'sc cxast and the
i country east ot the K cky mountains to
! the Atlantic. It is l' manifest dest'myV'
M iiioti is empire. Henv, hitherto we
have continuailj- extended our territory:
; and the Union with ii, .South an 1 West,
; Tlie Iouisiana purchase Florid.i, and
; Texas all attest. Wc passed desert and
' torost an-.I scaieU even tl K.vLy nnun
' tains, to extend the Union to the l'acific
; Sir, there is no natural boundary b twecn
vallc
1 he AuegtiCiii-S are no longer a
Highways asrvnJ them everv-
barrier.
where, and the railroad now climbs their
summits and spans their chasms, or pene
trates their rockiest sides. The electric
telegraph follows, and, stretching its con
necting wire along the cloud-, there miu
des its vocal lightning with the fires cf
heaven.
But if disui.ioni'ds in the East .will
force a separation of any of these States,
and u boundary purely conventional, is at
last to be marked out, it must and will bo
i either trom Iike l.ne upon u.c snorcesi
. .. a w .1 1..
j trom the no-siav.-noiaing .iun h r.
1 i to be the ge. graphical limit ot aisumon,
! then Mason iUiJ Dixcn's can never be t4.e
i line.
Next, sir ; do not the causes which, in
j ueginniug, i.m-hi
i .4 - - : ii.i
to I
. nion
still
t-xWt in their utmost lo-ce and thfir ex-j
. ..-,i r w 1,-ir wi-ri ii'-v.
I ....- . .4 ,
i tied ..ruinally by the Lng!.;h, tiny woa.d
doubtless have loiiowcl the lor-n s of
' .i. ti. ; 4.. l,,n"..- Ni-it. a common
i '' ,
J language, oiv-cT II..' strongest i-Hinenis
which bind a people. Had we bven con-
j tiguous to CJret Britain, either the cause
hvhieh M to a K-panm woaid have
i never existed, or else- bee n tpeed.ly re-
. 1
1 . 1 . iiril.4-41-4P.il 44' A ,.-4411.1 1 . 4." "T
1114-4 4-4 . ."4. -. IT 4
' -.mt iK?n n-un;tra as eiiiini una
and
,. ..,, ,U.
with these were 'similar at ba-t i-t a beahhy liti-v.i of th- l-odyqioliuc
. ss. ntiaV.v dissimilar, maniK-i-s. h..d l?s, ' oHit'.nu. d, they lcame .wcrful ex'ii-nt-laws,
re'i'ion, .ind institutions of :dl kinds, in; .t-e-ci. s of u-uon. TTe r.unwoeu
.... . - ntitttf. Ilf4--n.
cx.Pt M.e- II;" ctiinin. n eleienee a
irm;... .in.l is r.am. -
Hc. fin-l is name.
i-. no ani-ng th !
perfic. Ulli 1
stitiition x
IU-T
VOL . 10 NO. 10.
"j'j umuc u e-1 an incni. was a
common interest. Variety of climate and
soil, and therefore production, implying
also extent of country, is not an eltiitnt
of s-piixation, but, added to contiguity,
becomes a part of the ligament of iatlrcst,
and is ne ol its toughest strands. Va
riety cf production is the parent of the
earliest commerce and trade ; and thce,
in their full development, are, sajs between
foreign nations, hostages for peace ; an-i
between States and people united, thev
are the firmest bonds, of Union, Bat
after all, the strongest of the many orig
inal impelling causes to the Union, wai
securing of domestic tranquillity. Th
statesman cf 17S7 well knew that be
tween thirteen independent but contiguous
States without a natural boundarc, and
with nothing to separate them except the
machinery of similar gcvcrniiKnta. there
must be a perpetual, in fact an t4ine
pressible conflict" of jurisdiction a:.d h.
intcrcst. which, there being no ether corn- "
mon arbiter, could only be t rminalwl hr
the conflict of the sword. And the
statesmen of 1SC2 ought to know 'that
two or more confederate govcrnment,
made up of similar States, having no nat
ural Imundary either, and separated enly
by di:Tcreiit governments, cannot endure
long together in p?ace, unless one or rr.ore
cflhezibe cither too pusillanimous for
rhairy, or too insignificsint to proveke it,
or to wiikk to resist aggression.
TLfsc, sir, alorg wi'di the Citabli-sh-mc-nt
of justice, and the securing of the
general welfare, and of the blessings of
liberty to th-.rus.-l.es and their josterity,
made up the causes and mo.ivs.s vhich
impi l'e-1 our fathers to the Union at firtt.
And now, sir, what one of tl em is
wanting? What one diminished ? On
the contrary many of them are stronger
t eliv than in the beginning. Migration
and intermarriage have strengthened the
ti-s of consanguinty. Commerce, trade,
and probietic-n. have immensely multi
plied. Cotton, almost unknown here in
1TS7, is now the chief product and ex
port of the country. It has set in motion
three-fourths of the spindles of New Eng
lnJ, nJ glvon .T1oi-mcnt. directly or
remotely, to full half the shipping, trade,
and commerce cf the United States.
More than that : co'ton lias kept the
eaee between England and America for
thirty years ; and had the peop!e of the
North lieen as wise and practical ns t he
statesmen of Great Britains it would have
maintained Union and ieac here. But
we are beinjr taught in our first ctnturr
and at our own est, the lessens which
Eng'anel learned through the long and
blonly cxperienee of t ight hundred years.
We shall be wiser next time. Ict not
- T.tcn be. king, but peace maker, and in-h-
rit the bhssing.
A common interest, then, still remains
to us. Ami union for the con. mon da
fence, at the ci.d of this war, taxed, in-
1 ... ..r- 1 ... , 1 - I . II -
debt d, impoverished., exhausted, as both
sections must be. an! with foreign fleet
and armies around us, will be fifty-fold
more essential tlian ever before. And
finally, sir, without union, our domestic
tranquility, must forever remain unset
ihiL If it cannot be maintained within
the Union, bow then outside of it, without
and exodus or colonization of the pecj le
of one sectie.n or the other to a distant
country? Sir. I repeat that two go em
inent so interlinked and bom d toge ther
e very way by physical and social liga
ments cam.o! cxii-t in pence without a
common a: bitter. Will treaties bind us !
What Ix-lter treaty than the Constitution t
What more se.lfmn more durable Shall
we settle our disputes, then, by arbitra
tion and coniprcmise. Si.-, let us arbi
trate arid compromise now, i.iside of the
Union. CYrtah ly it n id N? n.me as crsy.
Ar.el row. sir, t- i ll th s- criminal cau
ses and inoiivcs v. h:e-h imjocd to unirn
at first, must add-d ce:tain artificial
ligaments, wl.Ieh eighty years cf associa
tion under a cummt-xi v'ovemraent liave
mot fully develop, d. Ci.itf aaiCTrg therse
are ca:iss. steam n.o.igr.tien, railroads.
express companies, ti e p st olTice, the
j n,v,spr , :, ss, a:,d temble regent
j ol good and evil mixe,! -sp-.nt cf heUtli,
! and ve-t cobhn ii.r.neu it free. lue
.- r. . - . . i-i
gentlest ndi.ister of truth a:.d liberty:
when enslaved, thc uppli"s! iasfruuH-nt f
fulMliood and tyrmny 'he magnetic tele
praph. All these ha multiplied the
sperl or the qu.miity .f trade, travel,
rrmmiuiiratiiiii. miirm'.ion. and intcr-
course
ofall kinds Ivtwtvn tle different
v,,,...l-Viiim:l thus.
- : vo uma a-trni-v.:-. .i...-.., ...v.. ..
l cb.-ii-inble. Kirial. :.:. wntitic. until
I oi.ai uaoi.'. K-iai. --.-ii-.o. i.iiwji
- crr-.r. d r.nA mi-V- taimtxal : lb -ari
7'j '.'wf.j
1lr