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THE BLESSINGS OP aOVERHMENT, LIKE THE DEW3 OF HEAVEN, SHOULD BE DISTRIBUTED ALIKE UPON THE HIGH AND THE LOW, THE EICH AND THE POOR.
:!
NEW SERIES.
EBENSBURG, JULY 6, 1851.
VOL. 1. SO. 41.
r
'4
i 1
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gflrrt Smxi.
THE NEAT LITTLE COTTAGE OF WEST
PENNSYLVANIA.
I long for the scene? of my own native wild wood,
Where my parents and friends are now thinking
of roe;
And !i- re too, were spent the bright days of my
childhood,
In our neat little cottage of West Pennsylvania.
Where'uciith the tall cypress.that emblem of e orrow,
' Our own limpiJConemaughglides onward andfres
And hope's glesins brighten with the dawn of each
morrow,
On our deir rule cottage of West Pennsylvania.
Where the heart filtering emiles of contentment
reside,
And love fills each bosom with fond, raptourous
glee ;
Who where peace ever reign around the dear fire
side
Of otr little cottage of West Pennsylvania.
Tis in Tain the gay scenes of this 'city of love,"
Strive with my affections, to win them from thee,
And when once returnad, never again will I rove,
From our dear little cottage of WestPennsylvania.
For oh! 'tis, believe me, an Eden oienrth,
Where the Cowers of Nature bloom lovely and
free,
Where Peri's are flitting round our own cheerful
hearth,
In the dear little cottage of West Pennsylvania.
Where the chickaKHW) twings its tendrils so green
O'er the roof of the home that so dear is to me,
'Twere better to livo than iu cities, I ween,
Though 'tis but a cottage of AVest Pennsylvania.
In cities, the prond and the lordly may d"VfcU
IV ho not knew, what it was such enchantment to
ree, '
F.-r each pleasures what records of city can tell,
As dwells in a cottage of West Pennsylvania.
Then oh ! for the scenes of my own native, wild wood.
Where my parents and friends are now thinking
of me.
And where, too, were 6pent the bright dnys of my
childhood
In our own dear cottage of West Pennsylvania.
Siisrrllannm
cbrasliall Geography aud Na
tural Capabilities.
Correspondence of the New York Tribune.
.St. Louis, Thursday, Juno 15, 1854.
I propose io give you, for the. information
of your readers, an accurate description of
these territories, derived chiefly from person
al observation and diligent inquiries of tra
ders and trappers during a long period of fa
miliar intercourse with them. -
The boundaries of Nebraska, as given in
the late act of Congress, are as follows, viz :
North by the 4th parallel of latitude, sepa
rating our territories westward from those of
(Jreat Britain; south by the 40th parallel
a few miles below the north-west corner of
the State of Missouri, east by the Missouri
River, the western line of Mincsota, and- west
by the main ridge of the Rocky Mountains.
The face of the country from the Missouri
river westward to the spurs of the mountains
t rolling prairie, but little diversified in its
f. pect save by the intersection of its streams.
The soil, for a fpaec varying from 50 to 100
niiles west of the Missouri river and the State
line, is nearly identical with that of Iowa and
Missouri. The higlands are open prairies,
covered with grasses : the river bottom a deep
rib, loam, shaded by dense forests. From this
first district to about the mouth IScuu qui
Court (Punning "Water River.) it is one
boundless expanse of rolliug prairie, so large
ly intermixed with sand as to bo almost unfit
for ordinary agricultural purposes. The prai
ries are, however, carpeted with succulent
grasses, affording an inexhaustble supjdy for
Uerda of cattle aud sheep.
The third district is a formation of marl
and earthy limestone, and extends in a belt of
many miles east and west of the Mandan Vil
lage, on the most northern bend of the Mis
souri river, and southward across the south
ern boundary of the territory. This soil can
not be otherwise than very productive. I
should think it especially adapted to wheat,
rye, barley and oats. I have seen, also, very
f,no Indian corn along the upper vallej-s of
the Missouri river. It is in this district that
whataro called lutUt be the Canadian French
and cerros by the Spaniards, are profusely
scattered. Here and there the traveler finds
surfaces varying in diameter from a hundred
(cci to a mile, elevated from fifteen to fifty
feet above the surrounding surface. They
fc.ro rot hills or knobs, the side3 of which are
more or less Bteep and covered with grass.
Their 6ides are nearly perpendicular, their
'turfoces flat, and often covered with mountain
cherries and other shrubs. - They have the
aTpia ranee of having been suddenly elevated
"bove the surrounding surface by some specific
The marl and limestone formation is, in
many localities, worked into fantastic or pic
turesque forms by the action of the element.
In one place, specially, called by the traders
) Th chickaaw rota vine
' !fe.
of jcost luxuriant
La Mauvaise Tar re, (the bad ground,) and
about thirty miles in diameter, it has assumed
a marvelous variety of singular forms. From
one point of view it assumes the aspect of an
extensive and frowning fortification ; from ano
ther, the appearance of an oriental city crown
ed with domes and minnarets ; and from a
third, the appearance of a sterile broken and
unattractive congregation of incongruous ele
ments. These delusive appearances are pro
duced by distance and the position of the sun.
The wrecks of the dcluvian period of geol
ogy, are spread all over tta region, and tnost
profusely on that portion north of the Missouri
river. Detached masse of rock, some of
them hundreds of tots in weight, wholly un
connected with the adjacent geological for
mations, and evidently allied to those of the
northern lloeky Mountain region, dot the
whole country.
The district which I will call the fourth, ly
ing north of the Missouri river and west of
Minesota, is the succession of undulating
plains, the soil of which is quite fertile but
rather dr-. These plains are covered with a
thick grassy sward, which sustains innumer
able herds of elk and deer.
The fifth district is at the base of the Black
Hills, between that range and the lloeky
Mountains, and includes the valley of the Yel
low Stone, of the Maria's lliver, and a variety
of other small valleys, circunivallated by the
amphitheatre of mountains aud gorgeous
mountain scenery. The valley of the Yellow
Stone is spacious, fertile ami salubrious. The
streams arc fringed with trees, from whence
the valley expands many miles to the moun
tains. The traveler tnn almost imagine him
self upon the Danube, for the valley is sprink
led over at long intervals with cyclopean
structures of granite closely assimilated iu
appearance from a distant view, to the stern
and solitary castles with which Europe was
covered and guarded during the middle ages.
But these structures exceed those of Europe
in magnitude and grandieur, and the woods
and waters are disposed with a taste and beau
ty which the highest art must ever toil after
in vain. It is encircled by a rich girdle of
heights and mountains, the basis and dark
sides of which are obscured in shrubs, aud the
summits tufted with rich forest trees. And
here is to be the scat of a populous and pow
erful community in the fur future.
The Missouri River was ascended by Lew
is and Clark, iu canoes, a distance of 1,000
miles. It has been navigated by steamboats
to the foot of tin rrreat Foils, 2.5U0 miles.
From the point v. here the Nonoway, (a Mis
souri stream) enters it upward, the northern
bluffs recede, leaving, a broad, open, rolling
plain. On the south bank the highlands
skirt the stream closely. Above Council Bluffs,
opposite Ivanosviile. Iowa, the bluffs ou both
sides recede, and there is little or no timber
save only branches of cotton wood. From the
mouth of Jaques River the river valley con
tinues to become narrower to the base of the
mountains. The river valley is the only rich
alluvion, the highlands being intermixed with
sand largely, and unfit for agriculture, except
in the third district already described. Down
as low as the Muddau village the water is as
clear as the Ohio. From thence onward to
its mouth it is impregnated by its tributaries
with marl and sand, and always looks as mud
dy as if in a freshet.
The spring freshet ii.-unlly occurs about the
1st of June. Except during this freshet,
the ascent above Council Bluffs, of 50 tons,
is arduous and difficult, and the descent by
sueh boats nearly impossible, on account of
the number and shifting character of the bars.
There is a difference of 7 degrees in the spe
cific gravity of the waters of the Missouri at
the Kansas lliver and the waters of the hitter
stream. The former has many more tribu
taries running through marl and quicksand.
The average rapidity of the waters of the
Missouri is nearly twice that of the Upper
Mississippi. The Orinoco only exceeds it in
velocity. The Missouri on the 41st parallel
is more than 500 feet above tho Mississippi,
on the same line
After leaving the Great Falls the tributa
ries of the Missouri are not numerous, and
noue of them above Council Bluffs are navi
gable for anything but canoes. The large
space intervening between it and the Great
Platte (or Nabraska) is destitute of streams
and nearly so of springs. Hence the grass on
the larger portion of this immense tract be
comes withered and stunted very earby in the
season. Its chief tributaries are the Platte,
the Sioux, the Jacques, the L'eau qui Court,
the White, the Hart, and the Yellow Stone.
The Platte rises near the 40th degree of
latitude, and longitude 106 deg. in the Rocky
Mountains, and flows thence northward and
eastward to its outlet, receiving the South
Fork in latitude 41 deg. and longitude 100
deg. At the junction of the two forks the
river is over five thousand feet in width. It is
bo shallow and so capricious, in consequence
of its quicksands, that it may be considered
as almost useless for purposes of commerce.
Were its waters confined to a channel of a
thousand feet in width it would be one of the
noblest streams in the world ; but this may be
considered impossible. The valley is from
eight to fifteen and twenty miles iu width.
It is generally a dead flat, elevated only from
eighteen to twenty-six inches above the sur
face of the stream, and the greater portion lia
ble to inundation. It is entirely destitute of
timber, but produces a luxuriant growth of
the richest grapes.
The Yellow Stone has its sources in the
Rocky Mountains, but their exact location has
never been discovered. It flows northeast
wardly to its mouth. It has been navigated
for eighty miles by steamboat?, and may be
rendered usefully available for other craft
two hundred and fifty miles. I look upon its
valley as the garden ppot of Nebraska. It is
finely timbered aud watered. In the future,
commercial intercourse will be carried on be
tween this valley and that of Clarke's branch
of the Columbia. Gen. Clarke found a fine
wagoa road connecting them in 1806. cad
Major Stephens has recently discovered an
open gap through the lloeky Mountains.
These five valleys, embracing the sources of
the two greatest rivers ou the continent, which
will bear their product to the two greatest
oceans in the world, surrounded by other
smaller but no less rich ones, will be the fu
ture Switzerland of America.
The climate of Nebraska has not been ac
curately discovered. Enough is known, how
ever, for practical purposes. Vegetation in
Iowa, is some weeks later than in Missouri.
Iu (Eastern Nebraska it is some weeks later
than inTowa, an In the virntv of the moun
tains some weeks later still. From the city
of St. Louis, traveling either northward or
westward, the climate becomes colder about
in the same degree the difference of eleva
tion, traveling west, being about equivalent
to its effects to the difference, of latitude trav
eling north. Snow falls at the foot of the
mountains about the 1st of September, and
at Council Bluffs about the 1st of November.
Coal has been found in the northwestern
counties of Missouri, and it is probable may
be found in the southeast portion of Nebras
ka. The limestone formation of Missouri and
Iowa, extends over the first district of Ne
braska, described in this letter. Beyond that
district the formation is sandstone, and rocks
of the deluvian period the former south and
west of the Missouri chiefly, and the latter
north of it.
The first district isrfhe only good agricul
tural region at present. It is a rich loam,
finely timbered and watered. The second is
strictly pastoral. The third has soil, but is
destitute of timber, and very sparscfy sup
plied with springs. The fourth also has soil,
but ha the same drawback. The fifth, as
already stated, is the finest region on the globe
in the same latitude.
A few of the farming boys of Iowa and
Missouri have heretofore " fetuck their stakes"
in the first district, opposite Kanesville, and
above the mouth of Platte river. I learn
that emigrants are now pouring in by the
thousand, and scarce a year can elapse before
they will have appropriated all the good land
along the Missouri river. Here the progress
of the. territory will be checked for many
years to come, and when it again commences
the emigrants will leap over the second dis
trict, but leave occasional squatters along the
line of the Missouri to the third one but they
will not pause here long. There-is not enough
timber and water. In thirty years there will
be two distinct communities iu Nebraska, the
m occupying the country directly west of
Iowa, and the other the Valley of the Yellow
Stone. This is the sum of my best informa
tion relative to this new territory. I have
confined mv remarks to the conveyance af
useful practical information, and avoid all at
tempts at line writing. Your readers wish to
know what the countr' is, and how they can
live there. I have proposed to myself only
to give them such facts as will enable them
to form correct opinions.
in t. t j : t -
A gentleman formerly a resident of this
v, who has made his home in the West,
lies us the following description of Fort
Madison, which we publish as a matter of
interest to emigrants :
This city is regarded, by many travelers,
as the most beautiful and healthy location on
the Mississippi river. The bank on which it
is located, is about twenty feet above high
water mark ; and immediately in its rear, and
not more than half a mile from the river,
arises a bluff of nearly two hundred feet in
height, the side and top of which furnish the
most romantic aud lovely spots for private
buildings and residence. The river in front
is over a mile wide, aud the opposite shore is
also high and romantic in its scenery.
As early as the year 1$07, a fort was built
here, under the authority of the IJ. States,
by Lieut. Pike, and the name given to it
which the city now bears ; but during the
war of 1812, it was closely besieged by the
Indians, under the war chief, Black Hawk,
and its garrison, through failure of provisions,
was compelled to execute it, and drop down
the river to St. Louis.
About the year 183t, Congress passed a
law, a have a city survey made of Fort Mad
ison, and directing the lots to be sold at pub
lic auction, to the highest bidder. All the
lots wero speedily disposed of; but most un
fortunately for the growth of the place, the
larger amount fell into the hands of non-resident
speculators, who, for many years, would
neither improve them nor sell them for any
reasonable price ; and multitudes who came
here to settle, were consequently driven to
other points of less natural advantages, but
where land was cheaper.
But, for the last four or five years the prop
erty of large holders, through death in some
cases, and insolvency in others, has been
gradually passing into the hands of residents,
until now two-thirds of the whole city is own
ed by resident holders, aud the advantage of
tho change is seen in the many improvements
which are springing up on all sides.
The population of Fort Madison is suppos
ed to le about three thousand. It is the
couniv seat of Lee county, the most populous
county in Iowa. The State Penitentiary is
located here. The Court House of tho coun
tv is a large and commodious brick building.
There are fi ve church buildings, all of brik
Methodist, Catholic, Chi u-tian or Campbell ite,
Prosbvterian. and German Reformed. There
arc two steam flouring nuus, tnrec steam
saw mills, one planing mill, and a steam es
tablishment for the manufacture of agricultu
ral implement?.
There is greatly needed a foundry here:
and in view of the growing character of the
pltT nnd tho extensive country which sur-
j . .
rounds it, it believed that sucu an estab
lishment would pay well.
The country around Fort Madison is as rich
in soil as can be found anywhere in the West,
mid it has the advantage over most Western
localities of a plentiful supply of wood aod
timber. Rock is very plenty, consisting most
ly of limestone ; and plenty of excellent stone
coal is found within twenty miles of Fort
Madison.
Fort Madison is about a day's travel by 1
steamboat from St. Louis, and about the same
by river and railroad from Chicago, and from
New York city about seventy hours. Next
vear Fort Madison will be connected all the
way by railroad to Chicago, and the li a
strong company formed to build a railroad to
Bl
oomfield," sixty-four miles V est, inter
lit, and thre unite with the Noh Missour
sect
Railroad, uich will place b within six or
eight hour.-" U-avelling limp of the St. Jjouis.
Person .! ing to et?e in the great West,
who regard health, ad have an eye for the
beauties cj Nature, might do well to take a
look at tbbspiacc, before they go elsewhere.
j . . :
TId True Elixir of Life.
It is thremark that Americans are more
frequently victims of impaired digestion than
any other jeoplc in the World. We believe
medical stitists assert the same whether this
state of thiigs is unavoidable, whether, in other
words, it i the result of climate, or is caused
by our owi excesses.
That inf aired digestive organs arc enemies
to long lifl need hardly, we suppose, be re
peated. The stomach is the great alembic, so
to sT.eak. it which all animal vitahtv is distil-
led. If Is powers are weakened, if it does
its work differently, health is nearly impos-
fcible, and;rotracted years utterly so. All
nersons Wio have attained unusual longevity
have nottriously possessed good digestive or- j JUsdicJ, That, as Americans, and as De-o-auS-
1 mocrats, devoted to the fundamental principles
Thorns Parr, who died in the reign of Ja
mes tho irst of England, at the extraordinary
age of cht hundred and fifty-two, was prover
bial for lis sound stomach. So was Henry
Jcnky, i ho lived to the age of one hundred
aud Ibifi-four Slender, who died at one
hundred'ttm three, and numerous others, who
died, wb n over a century old, were proverbial
for theirexccllent aj petities and their capital
digestioj.
.But tie advantages of a good stomach are
not conhed merely to the possessor. It is
now wol understood that the qualities of par
ents an more or less transmissible to children.
Consequently, the parent, wlio has good di
gestive organs, is more likely to have progcuy
similaJv favored, than one, who is the victim
of disxp.sia. With the Parrs for example, I extent of public discussion ot all rclgious ana
a gooc'stomach being hcriditory, long life was j political theories, yet we are opposed to riot
a coiiw'-ii thing ; for a great grandson of the j ami all incitements to uudue popular commo
I:ill!OI' rmec.5tcr died at Cork, in Ireland, to- tion which tend to breaches of the peace, and.
wurd:$elosc of the la.-t century, at the age
of one iundrcd and three. A sound digestion, I holy cluy.
moreover, is necessary to happiness. Dispep- j A'fWYe(, That it is the glory and the pride
tic peojle are confessedly irritable. More prr- I of old Tammany Hall that she has never, at
sons ovs fits of mental "depression to a weak j any period of her history, avowed out but tru
disgestim than to any other cause. It is amu- i ly republican doctrines, or been tinctured with
zin"1 heir much ignorance there is on the sub- j nay but sound Democratic tenets,
ject. -fundreds who suppose their stomach ; She goes now, as always, for that uuhound
to be ii perfect health, hae the organs of di- s cd philanthropy which to crates the largest
gestion slightly impaired and should attribute j liberty consistent with good order and in con
to this iuse their unaccoutable heaviness af- j formity to the laws, proscribing no n.au for
ter eath", and their periods of profound de- opinion sake, discriminating neither for nor
! jection. The hilarity of early youth when we
feel as f we trod on air, comes trom a pern ct
stomaet. Could we retain the digestion of
ehildhod, we might also keep much of child-
hood'sioyousness
Wh; can we not? To some extent we may.
Advancing years necessarily wear out the hu
man fame, "and the stomach suffers with the
rest otthe body, but the digestive powers are
oftefiei impaired by excess at least in Ameri
ca, thm by age Intemperance is a fertile
source of imnaired disccstion. It is to his
havin' nearlv destroyed the coats of his sto-
1
mach ,hat the drunkard pertly owes hi shatter-
ed newes. Even mnny persons who cannot 1
le ealcd inebriates, and who perhaps havenc- j
ver bien intoxicating in their lives, injure;
their ligestion by the daily use of stimulating j
liquo. The dropping of water will wear
away the hardest rock. It is astonishing,
tlerefrv that the drinking of ardent Kpirits.
habitiallv. even in comparatively moderate
, , .
ouautikies, will weaken the stomach at h.st .'
Amcncans are notoriously the largest consu
mers of brandy iu the world. Other nations,
gcncjally, when they resort to stimulants, use
light wines or preparations of malt. The
Frenchman takes his claret, the German his
Lageibeer, the Englishman his ale. But Ame
ricans must have brandy, or at least whiskey.
Even if the amout of stimulant in the light
wineor in the preparation of malt, is not suf
ficieat to be injurious, the distilled spirits
which form the common bevarage of the Ame
ricas people are undeniably go. It is fact,
which any man may verify, that habitual
brandy -drinkers, even if they never become in
toxicated, rarely attain old age.
But there are other excesses almost as fatal
to the digestive organs. Intemperance iu
eati.ig is a injurious as intemperance in drink
ing, and it is,' perhaps, even more common.
An old writer has said : "Whoever feels that
he has a stomach, cannot have a good one."
Tried by this test, how do Americans f tand '!
The majority, perhaps, are born, with diges
tive organs naturally strong, but men soon
learn to overtack them , and indeed it is the
ordinary practice not to stop eating till the sto
mach begins to feel uncomfortable It is
strange therefore, that dispepsia is so general?
I What with the habit of iK.ltins food, the ex-
i cessive use of pastries, the fondness of hot-
cakes, and the late suppers, so popular with !
many, it would be extiaordmary if Americans
were not sallow, thin-faced, nervous and lowe
ppiritcd. Thousands who religiously abstain
from ardent spirits, gorge themselves at every
c
opportunity, little thinking that they areshor-
temng their davs, and impairing tlK-ir capacity
toenjoy life, nearly as much as the brand.,
i for that, after all, is the true elixir cf life.
drinkers thv rn-ndomn
j Avoid excess in enting. as well as in drink- , ed descendants ot Maximihan Josepli. Useii j ,h sir ,ai j Yhe sternly.
ing.ifyou wish to attain old age. A mode- ( made a king by AN apoleons favor . lSto ) rnhewi.' bright
j rafe diet, adopted to your pursuits and varied therefore, stand shus :-Cdren-cx -K n? : . be JaUn W 0 . frt r
: according to vour constitution, is tetter than Bavaria cx-Lmpress of A"a- ,c ,otr wyip me quVk? I wnt to
all the pfysieians and.all the schools. . In quick. .. whip -
Kinrfr Voon vnur .rosiiv orcans unmmaired ' haxony. urana-v ai.uren ftiubv . ..... '
K6eting at Tammany Hall.
IMPORTANT rROCXILMNGS REPVDI ATIOX OF T1IK
KNOW NOTHINGS.
The Democratic Republican General Com-
1 niittee last night held a Special meeting at
'; Tammany Hall. Lorenzo B. Shepherd tilled
j tfje chair, and Messrs. Harwell and Andres
( as Secretaries. Resolutions were introduced
j utterly repudiating,
mittee, any connec
on the part of the com-
ction with the Know No
things, as may be seen by the following :
FEroiiT :
At a fj.ecial meeting of the Democratic Re
publican General Committee held at Tamma
ny Hall, on Wednesday evening, the following
preamble and resolutions, offered by A. Reed,
Esq., of the Tenth Ward, were unanimously
adopted :
IS'Jwffi, the Constitution of the United
States dec-hires "that no religious test shall
ever be required as a qualification to any of- V
lice or public truht under the Lnited States,
and, whereas, if there can be noexclusion from
office in consequence of a man's religious te
nets, it is self-evident there can be no restric
tion -f the right of suffrage growing out of
that cause ; and, whereas, the greatness and
glory of this republic have been materially ad
vanced by the industry, energy and patriotism
of a large portion of its citizens of foreign
birth, and whereas, it is anti-republican, anti-
i democratic, and anti-Christian to proscribe any
j manor set of men beeaue di ffcring with us in
J religious opinions, or because nut of American
I nativity ; therefore, be it
of this government, and iu favor of preserving
all the rights and guarantees of tLo Constitu
tion, we utterly repudiate any attempts to
proscribe any of our fellow-citizens, whether
native or foreign, on account of the religious
beliefs they may entertain.
J!tiAixt, That the balls upon which rests
the continued prosperity, permanency and
tower of this nation, is that feature of the
constitution, and the time-honored policy of
the government, which tolerates all political
and religious opinions, permitting every man
to worship God in his own mode, and hold
such political doctrines as he may deem for
the best interests of the country.
Htsuh vd, That, while allow the largest li
berty of public epeicc, and go for the utmost
on the Sabbath, to the dissocreation of that
j against any on account of birth or religion,
t,ut opening tne uoor iue 10 uie oj picsscu 01
all climes, and to the downtrodden of all mo-
narc .lies
LoiiKsno B. SiiKriiAKD, Chairman.
Chas. 11. Ilaswcll. I Socrctar;cs.
Miles B. Andrus, j
The Romance of Royalty.
The young Empress of Austria and her hus-
band arc nrst cousins, the ArcuduchesH ?opnie
and the Duchess Louise of Bavaria being sis-
ters. Never, perhaps have five sisters bad such
j brilliaut fortunes as the family to-hi eh these
princesses belong. It is more like a iairy laic
than real history.
Daughters of Maximilian Joseph, King of
Bavrria, by his second wife, Carolineof Baden,
every one of the five has become either a queen
or the mother of Lings or queen. And, to
crown thi marvel, two pair of them arc twins.
1 Of the cider pairs ot twin, one is vueen 01
. . - y r
1'ius-ia, tnc otner, moincr oj iue miure J-viiig
ofSaxenia. Of the second pair of twins, one
is Queen of Saxonia, and the other is the Arch
duchess Sophie, mother of the present Empe
ror of Austria. The second daughter of the
fifth princess of tho f rtanate house is now Em
press of Austria, while her eldest daughter is
said to be betrothed to the hereditary Grand
Duke of Toscana.
The rise of the Coburgs themselves pales bo
fare the brilliant alliances achieved by the five
daughters, by a second marriage, of a third
rate German potentate who had a large family
bv his first wife. Of the daughters by the
first wife, one was married to Eugene Beau
harnais, and another was the fourth wife of
Frncis I. of Austria. So that every one of the
seven daughters has eitlur hod her own brow
encircled with a diadem, or may look forward ,
so seeing it grace some one of her immediate
descendants. One cf their brothers' son is
King of Bavaria, and another isKing of Greece.
When we consider that it is not much above
Kevcntv years since the Elector Paladine suc
ceeded" to the throne of Bavaria not seventy
since he was confirmed on it the family must
be confessed to have prospered. The Guelphs,
the Holstein-Gottoops, Lorraine-Hnbsburgs,
the Coburgs, were scarcely more the favoritos
of fortune
urciiue.
In our account of the "fairy fortunes orthe
Seven Bavarian Princesses," we forgot to iu-
elude the children of one of them, the Ytee
;a
the r-resent Queen of Sweden, another was
- ... r i !
J King (consort) ot 1 ortugai, being tnc nrsi .
, -. . T". 1 1 .1 ft 4
! husband o
ana a miru im-iuiu.s. o. i" -
: jS Z'Si
: .... . rt ' ir
tvmgoi Greece, jui-.ijh.i v. -, 1 -
daughter), Empress of Austria, (by another
daughter). Queen of Sweden, Kiue (consort)
of Portugal, ex-Euipress of Brazil, (future)
Kicg of "Saxony. Grand-Duchess of Hesse ,
G rand Duchess of Tuscany, Duchess of Mode
na, (future). Pretty well for one family ia
two generations. Bavaria now even aspires ta
become the third German power of the first
rank, aivailling Austria and Pressia, but it is
not easy to see where she is to acquire sufficient
territory. She was obliged to restore to
Austria most of what Napoleon gave her Our
readers must not t uppose that inquiries of this
kind are trivial or uninstructivc. From tho
disuse of many of the more sanguinary resour
ces of state policy, and the vastly increased fa
cilitics fer constant intercourse between court
and court, Europe is falling more and more
into the power of half a dozen dynasties, all
intim:.t.ly ccnncced, and however they may
rival or try to oust each other, all playing in
to each others hands.
New Farms lately Discovered.
Lawyer, says a correspondent of the Coun
try Gentleman, have known for a long time
that a landholder owned down far lxlow tha
surface But farmers never suspected that
their deeds gave them a right to more than
six inches of the surface. No person scarcely
has thought of looking deeper, except the
diggers for gold and water. The subsoil
plough Is revealing to agriculturists treasures
before unknown.. Discoveries in the earth
are keeping pace with those in the sky. and a
new earth is c pen to the cultivator, as a new
heaven is open to the astronomer. In the soil
is a great Bouree of phosphate of lime, which
a few farmers have Lit upon ; I mean inthat
part of the farm which lies six inches deeper
under the farm. There since the deluge lies
undisturbed the fertilizer, .usually hard.
Roots of the grains and grasses cannot pene
trate it. There it is, and has been accumu?
latingfor thousauds of years, insoluble, ex
cept when roots apply themselves to it. Not
one farmer in twenty ever ploughs deeper than
six inches. The roots cannot get at the mine
below it is too hard. As beneficial as tho
subsoil plough has proved to be where used,
not one farmer in live hundred uses one;
throughout this enlightened country, lou
may ask them why they do not cse one, and I
presume they will say, our grandfathers never
used them, and they generally had good crops;
therefore, we thiuk it better to follow their
example, notwithstanding we are living in att
age of great improvements.
Spoilt by Riches.
People grow cov-tori3 by degrees. Wu
have a neighbor who wa3 once benevolent ;
but he was joor then. He could not do much
for the needy, but was glad to do what ho
could. Prosperity has crowned his efforts;
he is wealthy, but with his wealth he has be.
come covetous. Now it is hard for him to
civc. He clings to his money as if it was for
his life Not long since a widow of his ac
quaintance by hard labor had collected enough
as she supposed, to purchase a barrel of four,
and proceeded to the g nth-man's store to buy.
But flour had that week advanced twenty-fivo
cents.
Can you not sell me a barrel for thij
money V she asked.
"We can sell our flour for full price," was
the reply.
" Will you trust me?"
"We can sell our flour for cash."
She went away, and the next day, with
the additional twenty-five cent, returned
again. But the flour had advanced twenty
five cents more. "Here is the money Mr.
; will 3 011 send me up a barrel of flour
j to-day? we are out entirely.
"No, we must have twenty-Cve cents more."
You said yesterday that was the price. t
"Flour lias advanced."
" Will you trust me twenty-five conts 1"
"No! we sell f:r cash."
She got no flour. The widow'6 family might
starve before he would sell a shilling less than
the highest market price. Riches had des
troyed his soul. Morning Star.
CO- CocitAGEors Di klluts. The famom
Weston, of facetious memory, having borrow
ed, on note, the sum of five pounds, and fail
ing in payment, the gentleman who had lent
the money took occasion to talk of it in a pnb
tic coffee-home, which caused Weston to eenl
him a challenge.
Being in the field, the gentleman, a little
tender in point of courage, offered him the note
to make it up, to which our hero readily con
sented, and had the note delivered.
"But now," said the Frenchman, "if we
should return without fighting, our compan
ions will laugh at us: therefore, let us give
one another a slight scratch, aud 6a y wc woundj
cd each other."
"With all my heart," says Weston: "com
I'll wound you first."
So, drawing his sword, he whipped it through
the fleshy part of his antagonist's arm, till he
brought the very tears into his eyes.
This done and the wound died up with a
Landkerchic f.
"Come," said the gentleman, "whore hall
I wound you V
Weston, putting hnnseil in a posture 01 u-
. . ,. -,
,
! " " bcre .vou
you can, sir, where you can."
j ; " r
Not lone since. Mrs.
R., smelling
smoke ran up stairs to see from whence it
inmo nn 1 on coinir into a
front room, dic-
. ,.1 iw.- lUt) hoiM'ful. stnndinz on the
. Zlc s Uc of tk.vira in Le
, -
this, E.Lr Said she.
vt cti n-!)a thP ron r
r