-..-.Hlf. Ul-iOm, ! IWllII.IUI.UlXU..L..M11r I lJHIIMJMl - ---- J I Ml .! mj.,1 , , MlJJililJ.J. , -I II .. J-JJ' "
'WE CO WHEHE DEM0C2ATIC PRINCIPLES POIHT THE WAY; WEEK THEY CEASE TO LEAD, WE CEASE TO TOLLOW.'
VOLUME VIII.
EBENSBUBO, THURSDAY, JUNE 17, 1852.
NOIBER 3-5.
T 1 E-
r.. ti VOUXTA J A' iSLWTJXEL" is p-ublish-
j every Thursday morning, at One Dollar and
rift! tt I,cr nnum, if paid in advance or
within three months ; after three months Two
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No subscription will be taken for a thorter
period than six months ; and no paper will be
discontinued until all arrearages are paid. A
failure to notify a discontinuanc at the cxp.ra
tion of the term subscribed for, will be consid
o,l ns a new engagement.
ADVERTISEMENTS will be inserted
atScfoHowing rates :S0 cents per square lor
Sc firt insertion ; 75 cents for two insertions ;
ft! for three insertions ; and 23 cents per square
for every subsequent insertion A .1;
.:. . i i
lade to tnosc v. no .v
lilt
Oil
AU letters and communications to insure
iTtion must be post jxnJ. -I- J
attention
Pompeii.
The ancient City of lVmreii is plainly indica
ted by ft ridge or mould extending from the base
Vesuvius to its excavated Amphitheatre,
which is situated at its eastern extremity. Not
much, if any, more than one-third of the city
, i nvmbil nnd most of this was done
lias uuvii i.vtu'"") .
ly the French, though the work lias been pro-
grossing moderately under the Neapolitan Gov
ernment. The task is Herculean, for the city
lies buried under volcanic earth, from ten to
twenty feet deep, and as the roofs of the build
ings were all crushed, the apartments were of
course filled with solid earth.
Vulcanic soil is very fertile. The unexcava
ted portions of rompcii arc highly cultivated.
Whatever is planted or sown here produce abun
dantly. Extensive and beautiful Vineyards
gives us the Lugrime Christy and Falcrnian
Vines, which, though most delicious, arc heat
ing and fiery, as may well be inferred from the
nature of the soil which produces the grape.
There arc about fifty laborers engaged now
In excavation's. We were allowed to use the
Tick but not to take away any of the spoil.-,
though like other visitors, we did obtain a few
(.pecimens, among which were fragments of stuc
co and Etruscan ware. Whenever a Sovereign
visits Savcs, the event is signalized by devel
oping, in his presence, the contents of a bouse,
nnd these arc given by the King to his Royal
Guest. Everything valuable found at Pompeii
has been carefully preserved here in the Muse
um, to which, as well as to rompcii, strangers
Lave free admission.
The excavations display Strect3, Institutions,
Dwellings, Shops, &e., Sc., in a much more per
fect condition than I had supposed. These arc
all satisfactory identified. There is neither
doubt nor obscurity as to the Pantheon, the Tri
bunal, the Temples of Iris, Bacchus, Jupiter,
Hercules; the Theatres, the Paths, the Housed
Of Dionicdc, Panza, &., Sc. Not only the walls
of these buildings, but their different compart
ments, with, in some instances, elaborate Fres
no Paintings, arc seen. Entire streets have
been excavated and renumbered. Wine and oil
btores were identified by the Jars and other
Vessels in which these liquids were kept, and
which are still in use here. In a large bake
house, the ovens of which arc perfect, bread
with the name of the Baker stamped on each
loaf was found. In Diomcdc's Wine ,Yault, the
Wine Jars are still standing against the wall,
close to winch several skeletons were found, one
of which was supposed to be cither the wife or
(laughter, from the rich nccklaae, bracelet and
ear-rings that adorn the person of the sufferer.
Near the gate of the city leading to Herculanc
um the skeleton of a soldier who perished on
duty, with his armor on and his arms by Ids
tide, was found. The Sentry Cox in which this
toldicr was found i3 perfect.
The Amphitheatre wa a noble structure.
The scats were of niarle. Near the Arena are
dens or cells in which the Wild Beasts with
which the Gladiators contended, were caged.
In one of these the skeleton of a lion was found.
In this Amphitheatre it is said that 20,000 spec
tators could be seated.
The streets were paved with large Etoncs of
Irregular size and shape, but with a Hat surfacc
In which were cavities evidently caused by the
wheels of vehicles. The side-walks arc raised
like ours, and handsomely paved with pebbles,
aud around Temples, Sc., with Mosaic. In
front of the Home of the Vestals there is a fine
Mosaic pavement, w ith the word 'Salve' (wel
come) on the sill at the entrance. In one of the
largest and most elegant houses were marble
killing Tables. T. ircr Letters from Europe.
EST A Round Bill. Tom presented his bill
to his neighbor Joe, for service rendered. The
latter looked it over and expressed much sur
Irise at that amount. .
"Why, Tom, it strikes me you have made out
iretty round bill here, eh?"'
"I'm sensible it's a round one," quoth Tom
'and I have come for the purpose of petting it
t$uared'."
H9A gentleman popping his head through a
tailor's shop window exclaimed 'What o'clock
s it by your lapboard ? upon which ho lifted
UP his lapboard and struck him a blow on the
head, answering, " it has just struck one."
tion ii
pr per 'number of insertions marked thereon
they will be Mlislied until iorbidacn, and
- . I. on. In, I ill iiiusi iiav
l in nncorttance vim
On tilt Death of Tliomas Moore.
1!Y MKS. ANNA MARIA FERGUSON.
"We've fallen upon gloomy days ;
Star after star decays ;
Every bright name, that shed
Light o'er our land, is Hod." Moork.
Harp of my country, in mourninir thou'rt shrou
ded, No more shall thy music tones float o'er tho
tide ; "
The face of poor Erin with sadness is clouded,
With the wild song her last hope of freedom Las
died ;
Cold is the hand that awaked thee from slum
bers ;
Pulseless the heart that but throbbed for thy
lame ;
Voiceless the spirit whose soul-thrilling num
bers Oft Hushed the palo cheek of the Saxon with
shaiue.
Sons of the Celts, on your brows strew the ash
es, The beam, from your emerald zone passed away
Was no meteor that but for a moment out flash
es, And leaves not behind one trace of its ray ;
Put a star that arose o'er the night of your sor
row, When the shamrock and cress in the dust were
low trailed,
Which from heaven its light did Promethcus-
liko borrow,
To shine w hile the sun of your glory was veiled.
Like the sign in the East to the wise men ap
pearing, Guiding their wanderings to Chaldea o'er,
So bright o'er the cliffs of proud Albion career
iug,
Sending its light to the uttermost shore ;
That orb showed all nations, were, fettered and
bleeding,
Her homes desecrated, her altars profaned,
On her bosom the vultures of Tyranny feeding,
Lay the Ouecn of the West in her ocean-bed
chained.
The death keen is heard in thy halls, oh Tam
ara, As on that sad eve when on O.ssory'js plain,
The chieftain that went forth in strength from
Kinkara - ' '
Lay dead, and Moiionia wept o'er her slain.
Now she weeps lor her bard while her war
riors is slecying, ' . .
In the valley of shadows Lis'loved form lies low,
And the wind's mullicd voice rn'hdj.iiy battle
ments sweeping, - -.-
Is blent with the Banshee's dread wailings of
woe. '
How oft through these rnouMering hills has he
wandered,
Through these .arches with mosses and ivy o'r
grown, While the hate in his besom grew strong as lie
pondered
O'er the fragments of Liberty's temple here
strewn
Hate fur the tyrants, whose despotic power
Was breaking the hearts they could never sub
due
Contempt for the minions before them that cow
er, WJio proved to their country and freedom un
true. How oft from those eloquent memories turning,
That quicken his pulses and maddened his brain,
lie quenched the fierce curse on his lips that
was burning,
And seizing his harp, gave to vengeance its
strain ;
That harp, to its master's thought ever rcply
. i"g
Told in music that but to its wild chords be
longs, His love for his Green Isle, deep, fervent, undy
ing, His scorn for her foes and Lis grief for her
wrongs.
It told of tho days ere the foreign invader
Had dared to pollute with his footsteps our soil
When Erin in genius and learning arrayed her.
When she was earth's diamond and Britain its
foil.
Then it told her thrones fallen, in notes of doep i
sadness,
Her name blotted out from the nations of earth;
Her sons drinking deep of the red cup of mad
ness, Living alilns and slaves in the land of their
virtu
The old world, entraccd, to its melody Listened,
While Columbia's brave freemen each "authcm
encored ;
And the exile, while tears on his long lashes
glistened, y
At its sound seemed to home and to loved ones
restored,
Put now its wild breathings are silent forever ;
Must the flames they enkindled within our
breasts die?
Must Erin, loved Erin, in bondage live ever?
Forbid it Truth, Justice; forbid it Most High!
Lonely and lone, oh my licnrt, was thy beating,
When the mournful talc was revealed to thine
car;
Seemed from its channels the life-blood retrcat-
Shuddering as if a lost spirit was near.
Yet no idle fear made me tremble that hour ;
'Twas thy country's wan spectre that rose to
the view ;
She has naught left her now but the past for
her dower :
But oh I to that past, sons of Erin, be true.
Tamara, Tamar or Tara, the scat of the an
cient kings of Ireland.
Louisville, March 21th, 1852.
JU-jTlt is observed that the most censorious
are generally tho least judicious, who have no
thing to recommend themselves, will bo finding
faults with others. No m an envies the merit of
another who has enough of his own.
Th Empire of Japan Its Cities, fcc.
In the National Intelligencer of a recent dato
we find a communication from W. D. Porter,
Esq., relative to Japan and its principal cities
and towns. From this communication we have
condensed the annexed account of anation whose
habits and condition are at all times matters of
interest in this quarter of the globe, but are at
this time more than usually attractive :
. J eddo, or Yeddo, the capital, is situated in
the midst of a fine plain, in the province of Mus
caca. It is built in the form of a crcscnt, and
intersected in almost every street by canals, their
banks being planted with rows of beautiful trees.
The city is not surrounded, as most eastern ci
ties, arc, by a wall, but has a strong castle to
defend it. The river Tougag, waters it, and sup
plies the castle ditch ; and, being divided into
five streams, has a bridge over each.
The public buildiDgs arc on a magnificent scale.
The imperial palace is formed by three cinctures,
or circular piles of buildings, and enclosing ma
ny streets, courts, apartments, pavilions, gates,
guard-houses, Sc. In it resides the emperor
and his family, the royal domestic, tributary
princes and their retinues, the ministers of state,
many other officers of government, and a strong
garrison. The walls of this magnificent palace
arc built of freestone, without cement, and the
stones arc prodigiously large. The whole pile
was originally covered with guilt tiles, which
gave it a very grand and beautiful appearance.
Many of the stately apartments arc formed and
altered at pleasure, by moveable screens. The
principal apartments are the Hall of Attendance,
the Council Chamber, Hall of a thousand Mais,
Sc. The city is under the rule of two govern
ors, who rula a year each.
The next largest city is Meaco. It is also a
royal city, and is situated on a lake near the
middle of the island of Niphon, and surround
ed by mountains, which give a remarkable and
delightful prospect to the whole. The circum
jacent country between the city and the moun
tains is covered with temples, sepulchres &c,
and is embellished with a variety of orchards,
groves, cascadss, and purling streams,
rivers water this fertile plain, and
Three
unite
their streams in the centre of tlws city, where a"
magnificent stone bridge, facilitates tl.e coamn
nication between the different parts of the city.
A strong castle defends the town. It is COO.
yards in length, has a tov.tr in the centre, and
is surrounded by two ditches theone dry, the
other full of water. This splendid city is twen
ty miles long and nine wide within the suburbs,
which are ns well populated - as the city. The
number of the inhabitants of the city proper is
supposed to be 520,000. The universities, col
leger, temples, Sc., arc almost incrcdi table in
number and magnificcirce. It contains twelve
capital or piimipal streets, in the centre of
which arc the r.vs id palaces, superbly built of j
marble, covered with gardens, orchards, pavil
lions, tcrrepines grapes, &c.
The next principal town is Ozcaco. It is
deemed the chief seaport, is very populous, and
has an army, of 80,000 men always ready at
the disposal and command of the emperor. It
is near fifteen miles in circumference.
Almost the first accomplishment learned by
the Japanese is the art and grace of suicide.
The child in the nursery stabs itself with its.j
finger or a Etick, and falls back iu imitative
death ; the lover cuts out his intesitnes before
his obdurate, and the latter pours out her hearts
blood in the face of her faithless lover ; the
criminal executes himself ; and, in fact the
Whole nation from early youth, revels in the
luxury of suicide.
t The mechanics and manufactures in Japan
f excel in their different branches and are even
far superior to the Chinese. Their eilks and cot
tens are excellent, and their Japan ware and
porcelain unequalled. Their exports arc raw
and manufactured silks, iron, steel, artificial
metals, furs, teas, finer than the Chinese, Japan
ware, gold, silver, copper, gums, medicinal herbs,
roots, diamonds, pearls, coral, shells, amber
gris, Sc. Whatever goods the Japanese want
they pay for in gold and silver.
The Japanese worship principally two gods,
Xaca and Amida. At Meaco there is a stately
temple built to one these gods. It is of free
stone, as large as St. Paul's with an arched. roof,
.supported, by heavy pillars, in which stands an
idol of copper, which reaches as high as the
roof : au'l, according to a description given by
Sir Thomas Herbert, his chair is seventy feet
long ; the head is big enough to hold fifteen
men, and the thumb forty inches in circumfcr
ance. There is another statue, called after the
god Dabio, made of copper, twenty-two feet high
in a sitting posture. This shows that the Ja
panese understand the art of working in bronze,
and they are far ahead of Christian nations in
this particular. They allow polgamy, an 1 they
often strangle their female children, but never
the males. Tho nobility extract tho two front
teeth, and supply them with two in gold.
A Compliment to the Craft. The following is
from a letter written by John C. Rives, of the
firm of Blair and Rives :
'I have seen the manuscript writings of most
of tho great men in this country during the last
twenty years, and I think I may say, that no
twenty of them could stand the test of one
half the journeymen printers employed in my
office.
Gmcral Pltrcc.
Wo clip the following from an exchange pa
per rclativo to the Demociatic nominee for the
Presidency :
He was Lorn in Hillsborough, New Hamp
shire, and is now about forty-six years of age.
Eiilsborough county is the birth-place of sev
eral eminent men Hon. Daniel Webster, Gen.
Ca9. Hon. John A. Lix, Sc.
FtiriJ; Pierce was brought up to the profession
of the law, and he distinguished himself in it,
being a man of a clear Lead and a sound under
standing. He now follows the legal profession
and it is estimated that he realizes by it about
$3,000 a year. He resides at Concord, the cap
ital cf the Granite State. Iu Lis personal ap
pearance, ho is of middle height and size, and
cf good address. He is modest, and a perfect
gentleman in his manners.
He was elected a member of Con cress on the
Democratic ticket in 18:1:1 and was re-elected in
1805 thus serving four years in the House of
llepi-esentativcs while quite a young man
namely, from 1833 to 1807. lie had previously
been a member of the Legislature of the State,
and Speaker of the lower House. While amem
ol the House of Representatives in Congress,
he was elected a member of the United States
Senate for the term of six years, commencing
in 13J7 but resigned in 1812, the fifth year cf
Lis trm, nnd returned to the practice of the
law. : His colleague in the United States Senate
from 1837 to 1811, was Henry Hubbard, who
was succeeded by the late Levi Woodbury.
Wlile in the Senate, though the youngest
member of it, he ucquitted himself in a manner
to secure Limsclf the personal favor and esteem
of all with whom he was associated, the aduii
ratio! and approbation of Lis constituency, and
high position among the statesmen and orators
of tap nation. Mr. Pierce has always been dis
tinguished ut Lome for a fervid and impressive
eloquence, and Las attained a personal popularity-,,
4-r that reason, hardly less extensive .and
universal than that which everywhere attaches
to La by reason of his popular manners, and
tbe ijiivcrs:djfopricty - and amenity which at
tend jlii3 intercourse with all classes of socictv.
'cuuti'Iul Cave In Cnllforitln.
A correspondent of t Le Calaveras Choiiicle fur
nishes the following r.ocount uf a wonderful cave
in that county.:
Calaveras county seems to abound in natural
curiotiues,,as there arc manv caves well worth
visiting in this part of the country. Tho great
prevalence of lime-stone in cur ranges ot hills
will naturally account fx there i-.Teristin r in
lormations. Lately I availed mys-!f t f tho of
fer cf a kiul friend to conduct me to one of
them, and wa3 much pleased with my visit, al
thouih, I am sorry to say, that visilors seem to
emulate each other in their zeal to deform and
deface what should be most carefully guarded
and protected. The cave to which I allude is
situated about a mile from the town, on the
south bank of the South Branch of Sutter Creek.
The entrance is through a small opening in the
kill, just sufficient to admit a man's body. The
descent is easy, the many projections of the rock
affording ample means for safe footing.
Neither is it of very great depth, tho top of
the platform not being more than ten feet from
the entrance, whence it slopes gently down till
the centre is reached, forming a chamber of a
b..ut 20 feet high, and about 50 long. The floor
is composed of octagons of calcareous formation,
along which, in a narrow bed, silently glides a
crystal stream, rising from a spring in one of
the lateral chambers. The roof is divided into
compartments, the centre being a large circle,
from which suspend clusters of stalactites of ev
ery variety, some crystalline, others opaque,
whilo some again partake of a variegated hue,
as if tinged by coloring matter in the rock
through which they have percolated. The groin
ing of the roof is as perfect s if moulded by the
hand of art, terminating in massive pilasters,
with richly adorned capitals, strongly remind
ing one of an ancient Gothic cathedral. From
the main chamber branch two galleries, leading
into small apartments, rich in groups of tho
most fanciful petrifaction, varying from the
massive rock to the most delicate and finely
pointed crystalline needle.
Trial ofa Kew Klllc.
A new rillc, the invention of Mr. J. Marston,
of New York, was satisfactorily tested by a
number of gentlemen of Newark, on Friday af
ternoon, near the Plank Road Landing. Ihe
peculiarity of the rillc consists in its being load
ed at the breach instead of the muzalc. The
charge is made iu the form of a' catride, with a
conictd ball at the top, and a leather wad at the
bottom of the powder. This is laid in a box, in
the continuation of tho barrel, whence at a slide
moved by a lever, transfers it to its place, and
a slight touch of the trigger discharges the load,
leaving the wad at tho bottom, to be forced out
by tho succeeding charge, thus keeping the bore
clean. The rifle may be discharged with aston
ishing rapidity, nnd seems to have a further
reach than the beet rifles of other descriptions.
Phila. Sun.
The Whig State Convention re-assembles at
Philadelphia on the lVth June next.
Giorgej-.
Gorgey, who boars the odium of having be
trayed his conntry, and whose namo, iu conse
quence, Las been execrated throughout Kurope
and America, id engaged in preparing a book for
the purpose of setting forth his acts during the
Hungarian revolution. It is but common justice
that he should be heard in Lis own defence. TLo
following extract from Brace's Hungary, shows
the estimation in which he is held umong Lis
countrymen.' Tho Incident ofhis contributing
so promptly to the relief of the poor Soldiers
shows cither remorse, or a better heart than he
is supposed to possess. Men arc not all bad :
"To say that he is hated in Hungary, is to
express feebly the feelings of the nation toward
hiin. The consecrated bittcris of the people
trodden into the very ground by the oppressor,
is poured fourth on the man to whom they in
trusted all, and who betrayed them."
"I give one instance, in an occurrence which
happened this Spring, in Klagenfurt. Two 7o
veds common soldiers were returning from the
regiment, in Italy, in which they had been draft
ed, to their homes, on furlough. They had jus1
pay enough to be able to reach Klagenfurt ; aud
there, were utterly at a loss what to do in a Tho enormous prices paid for iron in all its forma
strange town, stripped of everything, and with- ! of machinery on that coast will justify the Ligh
out any means of raising money. Though it j est price ever paid fur labor. The price of Hour, a
sorely offended their Hungarian pride, they ut
last resolved to beg. One said that Le could not
begin ; and the other offered to commence, by
try iug in a coffee house, near by.
'The very first gentleman whom he asked
gave him several silver zwanzijcrs. Surprised
at such overflowing generosity, he went out and
showed his gains to Lis comrade, and told Lira
to go in and try, for if Le Lad us good luck,
their begging w ould be at an end. TLc other
went in, and came out soon, joyfully, with his
zwanzigers. They were counting their gains,
when a Ktlliur, (waiter) happening to step out
asked them if they knew who Lad been so gen
erous to them ? 'No,' they said, 'we do not.'
'That is Gvr-jey, the Hungarian Generel."
'Both the soldiers rose up without saying a
word, strode into the coffee-house, dashed the
money on the table before Gorgey, 'Scoundrel !
rather die of Lunger than take a Lreutzcr from
you I' and then left the coffee-house. The affair
however, was soon nolswd about in the hotel, and I
a handsome purse was made up for the two beg
gared soldiers, with which they safely reached
Hungary, where they told the occurrence. It
shows well what even tho poorest Hungarian
feels."
Tlif Two Iironiloo in the Ithodo It-land
LiCRtrlut lire.
The coincidence of two twin brothers, of tho
r.amo of Potter, of opposite politics, as fellow
members of the Rhode Island Legislature from
the city of Providence, Las been noted before.
They resemble each other so closely that one
cannot be told from the other, except by a nenr
inspection. The coincidence has been carried
further, aud with a singular result. Last year
the democrats appointed one Charles II. Mason,
of Providence, a democrat, as notary public.
lie desired to "keep in," and spoke to Americas
Vcspuoias Potter to help him along. Providence
also boasts of another Charles II. Mason, a whig;
and he, being out, wanted to be in, and for that
purpose applied to Christopher Columbus Pot
ter to get him appointed as notary.
When the Legislature was in grand committee
making the State appointments, Amerk-us arose
and nominated Charles II. Mason. The whigs
hud determined not to allow the democrats any
notaries, but they made no objection, supposing
that it was Christopher who made the nomina
tion. The democrats, having no power, did not
care much who was appointed ; and CLi'istophcr
thought it was all right, because the nominee
was Charles II. Mason the very man ho wan
ted to get in. So the appointment was unani
mously made. Both Masons claim the oflicc ;
but the democrat, being the one Ameiicus in
tended, is surely entitled to it. The Providence
Journal proposes to give n commission to each,
but that would be as bad as Solomon's decision
betwen the two mothers.
A Compromise Monument.
Wc learn from the New Orleans Crescent that
Wm. r. Ferrett, an esteemed citizen of that ci
ty, projects the construction of a handsome Uni
on monument, at some point in Canal street,
New Orleans. The monument is designed to
perpetuate the memory of the Compromise se
ries of measures, to typify the solid and noble
national harmony they restored, and to foster,
by its visiblo teachings, the love of unbroken
and enduring Union. This is a noble and pa
triotic idea. The Crescent states that ns "a
whole the monument will be an excellent speci
men of the composite style of artichitecture.
From a base of about 46 feet in breadth and
18 feet iu height, rises a graceful Corinthian
shaft, 42 feet high, upon the beautiful capital
of which rests a block of masonry on which will
be inscribed the names of Webster, Cass, Coop
er, Downs, Phelps, Mauguin, Bright, King, Dick
inson, Sc.; above this again there is a place for
a toAvn clock, und above all, standing on a e
dcstal, will tower a statue of Henry Clay ; the
large-hearted old statesman, of whom to-day
iu all human probability, there is left only hi
memory and his imperishable fame.
Oregon.
A late number of the Orcgontan says that
from numerous letters received there from the
States, there is ground to expect that the immi
gration into Oregon this summer, across the
plains, will be larger than that of any previous
year. This territory is one of the must valua
bleHelonging to the United States, and posses
ses facilities for settlement and industrial enter
prise not cujoyed by any other country. The
operation of the land donations the Govern
ment giving tracts of one mile square to each
family of settlers, before 1850, and half that a
mount between ISjO and 1853 La3 had a re
markable effect upon the country, tccuring its
rapid settlement by a race of hardy and enterpri
sing men. The demands of California for lum
ber, grain and stock give a great impulse to pro
duction. The country is rapidly filling up ; la
bor is high, and this Las repressed manufactures,
but there is a steady demand, and high price
are paid for the products ; so tLat there is au
improvement even here. Machinery, it is suid
by those residing iu that country, cad be ope'r-
j ated at greater comparative profit than &t the
' East, in most of the lending manufactures.
mill in Oregon ought to reimburse its cutire Cott
of construction iu two years. The agriculturists
of the Western States seem to be tho only class
at Lome who Lave a just appreciation of this
country. They must, in good time be followed
by manufactures, sLip builders an 1 capitalist
Oregon can .supply tho Pacific coast, the islands
and much of the Chinese and Indian coasts with
lumber, breadstuffs, end manufactures to an in
definite. The mines of metal, m.re vuluublo
economically than gold, of whidi there are
every whero indications, will be developed and
the skill of the world will be here concentrated,
to supply the increasing wants of the people of
all coiukie time.
The Ohio.
The name, Ohio, is derived according Rev.
John Heckewclder; a well known missionary
among the Indians before the settlement of the
Ohio valley from the Indian words : Ohiopeek,
very- white (caused by froth or white caps en
the water.) Ohio phanne, very white stream :
Ohiopeckhanne, very deep and white stream,
(from its being covered all over with white
caps.) All of these phrases were used accord
ing as circumstances required. The early tra
ders, with more eye to business, than earfor the
descriptive, abbreviated them into the "Ohio"
and "Ilio" for short. Since then, the namehjs
become naturalized, and now designates the
third stato in the American Union, and as noble
a river as graces the world.
The same author gives us the derivation of
the name Wheeling. It comes from Wihlink,
the place of the Lead. This derives its signifi
cance from the fact that a prisoner taken by
them in seme of their wars had been there put
to death, and Lis head stuck up on a sharpened
pole. The Indians in giving names, always took
Into view characterising natural features, and
thus made them to serve as descrip lives ns well
is simple appellatives. The whites, following
after them, either adopted the Indian names
without attempting to save their spirit by trans
lating, but 60 mutilated that not even the ludi-
ms could recognise them ; or ith a lameutible
poverty of invention gave purely arbitrary names
adopted those of the old country v.iih the prolix
of new, or else thosa of ancient or modern celeb
rities someiimeti whimsically and uaappropri-
utely enough. A catalogue of American uaniot:,
would embrace words from every linguao
known, since BaLle, and the appellation of eve
ry celebrity from Jupiter Amnion to Jim Grow.
WtlUlxr? llerld.
The Chunees oC Life.
Among the interesting facts devolope 1 by tlc
recent census, are some '-n relation to the laws
that govern lifo and death. They are based up
on returns from the State of Maryland, and u
comparison with previous ones. The calculation
it is unnecessary to explain, but the result is
table from which we gather the following illus
tration :
10,203 infants are born on the samo day and.
enter upon life simultaneously. Of these 1,213
never reach the anniversary cf their birth ; 11,- -023
commence the sicond year, but the propor
tion of deaths still continues so great that nt the
end of the third only S.183, or about four-fifths
of the original number, survive. But during
the fourth year the system seems to acquire
more strength, and the number of deaths rapid
ly decreases. It goes on decreasing until twenty-one,
the commencement of maturity and the
period of highest health; 7,124 enter upon the
activities and responsibilities of life more than
two-thirds of the- original number. Thirty-fire
comes, the meridian of manhood ; t302 havo
reached it. Twenty years more, and the ranks
are thinned. Only 4,727, or less than one half
cf those who entered life fifty-five years ago,
are left. And now death comes more frequent.
Every year the ratio of mortality steadily in
creases, and at seventy there are not a thousand
survivors. A scattered few live on to the close
of the century, and nt the age of one hundred
and six th drama is ended. The hut man is
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