A 4.- 'WE OO WHERE DEMOCRATIC PRINCIPLES POINT THE WAY WHEN' THEY CEASE TO LEAD, WE CEASE TO FOLLOW. 111 If f " SI r ii j i ii i i H i W I BY JOHN G. GIVEN REPORT OF VM. S. CAMPBELL, Superintendent of Motive Power and Supervisor of Repairs, on the ,'llle gheny Portage Railroad, for the Fis cal year ending Nov. 30, 1850. To the Board of Canal Commissioners: Gentlemen: 1 forward to you at the earliest possible moment a Report of the operations in the Motive Power and Re pair Department of the Allegheny Portage Railroad during the fiscal year terminating on the 30th day of November, 1830. MOTIVE POWER DEPARTMENT. Immediately after my appointment took tfTect, I made a thorough examination of the machinery connected with the road, and found it required extensive repairs to be made before the opening of navigation. I appointed a competent workman to take charge of stationary engines, with a suffi cient number of men to put them in prop er order, and increased the number of men in the Johnstown and Ilollidaysbargr de pots to have the necessary repairs made to locomotives. Everything being in readiness, the road was opened on the 8th day of March, and has been conducted from that time to the present without in terruption. The machinery of the road j has been much improved during the past ! season. At its commencement but one of! the engines at each of the ten inclined j planes was in running order, the others j have all had a general overhauling and re- j pair during the summer, and are now in f good working order. New boilers have : been added to Planes No. 1, 3. 4, 7, 8, j and 9. The best of the old boilers have been repaired and put in at Planes No. 12, j and 10. making them all good and safe ex- i cept one set at Plane No. 8, which will be furnished during the winter. New foun dations will be required for the north en gine at Plane No. 6, and for the south en gine at Plane No. 8, materials have been prepared and delivered for the purpose. A new carpenter shop and locomotive shed have been erected at the Summit; also a new shed or extension of Hollidaysburg depot tor passenger cars to stand in during vinter and for repairing boat trucks. These improvements, together with the Jarge amount of repairs to locomotive and stationary engines have increased the ex penditures very considerable, as a much larger force has been required to do the work. The condition of the machinery has been so much improved that slight re pairs only will be required during the winter. There are seventeen locomotives on this road, sixteen of which are required to be in constant use. The Maddison, Lancas ter, Washington and Mountaineer are all old, light class engines, nearly worn out, and but of little service, leaving only thir teen to be relied on. This number is en tirely too small. The Board passed a resolution authorizing me to contract with Messrs. Norris, Brothers, for two first class engines to be delivered before open ing of navigation next spring, which I have done at a cost of fifteen thousand and eight hundred dollars. With this addition, there will barely be enough to work the levels, without having any for extras in ease of accidents, which frequently occur: to provide against this exigency I would think the purchase of another first-class engine necessary. There will also be re quired one new six-wheeled tender at a cost of one thousand and fifty dollars. For present condition of locomotives, see Statement No. 13. I was so well convinced of the practi cability of using locomotives on levels in stead of horse power, that I placed a loco motive on the Summit level at the com mencement of the business season; this level has heretofore been worked by horse power, and the working it with an engine has been considered inexpedient. The results of this change has been most satis factory, as business has been greatly ex pedited, and at a much less expense to the Commonwealth. Statement No. 14 will fully exhibit the propriety and importance of this change. The contractor for furn ishing horse power on the level between Planes No. 2 and 3 withdrew his stock in May, and I have had it worked since that time by a locomotive with the same grati fying results. I am also making the ne cessary arrangements $o that one can be placed on the level between Planes No. 8 and 0 next season, as horse power has been used on it to very great disadvanta ges. At the opening of the road there were but twenty sets of trucks in running order; these being old and much used, I was obliged to employ men at each end of the road to attend exclusively to their repair, whieh has considerably increased the ex penses of the truck system. They are now, from being in constant use during the season, very much out of order, but arrangements have been made and mate rials prepared to give them a general re pair during suspension of navigation. The above number has been entirely inadequate to transport section boats without serious delays. The Board has authorized con tracts to be made for the building of fif teen new sets to be delivered at the open ing of navigation. The work has been alloted to competent business men at a cost of twenty-three thousand eight hun dred and fifty dollars. This addition, to the number on hand, will be sufficient to pass the boats with despatch: there may, however, be some delay for a few days on account of the rush of boats to either Johnstown or Hollidaysburg at the open ing of the road, which cannot be provided against until the boats and trucks are equ ally distributed. There have been nine hundred and fifty-three section boats trans ported eastward, and nine hundred and thirty westward, making an aggregate of one thousand eight hundred and eighty three, being an increase over last year of two hundred and sixty-four. For amount of tolls received, and expenses of truck system, see Statement No. tf. Two new passenger cars have been pur chased and placed upon the road during the past season, there are now only four belonfin"- to the Commonwealth, and thev are required to be in constant use to pass the two daily lines of passengers thatcross the Pennsylvania Central Railroad, leaving no extras for cases of emenrency. These have been conducted by four State agents, j appointed by the Board for the purpose, j There will be two new cars required to j accommodate the increased travel antici- thorized me to contract with Messrs. Kim- j of Philadelphia for them, i which I have done, at a cost of three thou sand and eight hundred dollars. There will also he required four new baggage cars for next season. Materials have been prepared and arrangements made to build them in the depots during winter. The number of passengers carried during the season in the Express line, is nineteen thousand nine hundred and fourteen. The number of miles travelled is seven hundred nryr t Ii i r t t-.rt II f X h I 1 1 . 11 (1 Plcrllt 1 1 1 1 n l"! TPl 1 :l U 1 1 fifty-nine. For tolls received and expen- j ses. see Statement No. 10. j The Board last Spring authorized the ! carrying of all emigrant passengers by the State, except those that travel by section boats, and the purchase of the cars of 1). Leech & Co., and Bingham's line, who were then engaged in carrying them. This measure has ben, and I have no doubt will be, a profitable one to ihe State. There have been eight thousand four hun dred and eighty-seven passengers of" this class conveyed over the road during the season, being two thousand five hundred and sixty-seven less than last season. There will be three eight wheeled cars re quired to accommodate this travel next year. The cars of Messrs, Leech & Co., and Bingham's line, were purchased at an expense of two thousand and seventy dol lars. Statement No. 11, will exhibit the amount of tolls collected, and expenses of cars and transportation At the time I took charge of the road, in company with the principle rigger, I made a thorough examination of the ropes on hand, and found them to be entirely in competent to open the Spring business without great danger to Commonwealth and individual property. I was informed that Mr. Power had made a contract with Mr. Roebling for new wire ropes to be delivered on opening of navigation; on seeing Mr. Roebling I was surprised to learn that no contract had been made. I immediately ordered a hemp rope from James D. Whelham, Esq., of Philadel phia, which he promptly furnished. I had the best of the old wire ropes placed upon the plains, together with the new hemp rope, and had the splices watced by a man at several of the plains, until Mr. Roebling had time to make and furnish some new wire rope. This condition of ropes caused very serious delays of busi ness, as only two cars could pass each way at several of the plains at a run; while four and five is the usual load when the ropes are safe. There will be six new wire ropes required for next season for planes No. 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 10, at a cost of twenty thousand dollars. The receipts for motive power toll du ring this year, amount to one hundred and seventy-eight thousand eight hundred and seventy-one dollars and thirty-nine cents, being an excess over last year of ten thou sand four hundred and seventeen dollars and forty-six cents (10,417 46). The following exhibits the receipts and expenditures of the motive power depart ment during this fiscal year: The total amount of tolls received as per report of collectors 178,871 89 The total amount of Expenses S 12,911 21 Amount paid for two locomotives 15,813 C5 Amount paid for two J new passenger cars 3,775 65 1 Amount paid for ten EBENSBURG, THURSDAY, emigrant cars 2,070 00 Amount paid for eight new baggage cars 2,000 U Amount paid for new boilers at plains Nos. 7, 8 and 9 3.800 00 Amount paid fur lathe at Iloliidaysburjr depot 450 CO Amount paid for founda tion &. floor in depot 450 00 Amount paid foralied or extension of depot 1,750 00 Amount paid for carpen ter f-hop and engine thed at Summit 50 00 $30,939 30 151.951 94 1'roSts in motive power department $20,919 45 The following exhibits the amount re quired for motive power purposes from Dec. 1st, 1850, to Nov. 30th 1831, for de tails of which, see Sta ement, No. 1: For direct motive power expenses $14S,20G 00 00 00 00 00 roped luCo motives and tenders passenger cars fifteen sets new boat trucks yo.ooo 21,750 5 8U0 23,850 Total S222.C0G 28 From this should be deducted twenty thousand dollars already appropriated by Act 10th May, lfeSO, for motive purposes, from Dec. 1st, 1850, to April 1st, 1851. IJaNoTE. In making my estimate of the expenses of 1851, 1 have made no cal culations for the working of this road at night. Should the Board determine to pass the line of passengers that leaves Philadelphia in the morning, over this road the same night, it will require an ad- u'"0dl -I HJ''"V ' ".,ai a're?u 1 " sixteen inousauu uouars. REPAIRS. At the time I took charge of the road I found it very much out of repair, so much so in many places as to render it unsafe for either locomotives or cars to pass with out great danger of being thrown ofT the track. Many of the drains, ditches, and culverts were filled with wash to such an extent as to force the water over the bed of the road, thus keeping the foundation constantly saturated with water, to the great injury of the superstructure. The planes were aiso in a very nau conuition I was compelled for the interest of the Commonwealth, as well as for the business public, to employ a large force of men to repair the road in such a manner before the opening of navigation as would guard against accidents or destruction of proper ty, and 1 have continued that force during the season, believing that judicious and necessary repairs are of the greatest im portance to the capacity of the road, and the true policy of its management. In many places the whole superstructure has been entirely renewed, and permanent and substantial improvements in all cases have been made. New stacks have been erec ted at planes ??o. 1, 7, 8 and 10; one is wanted at plane No. 5, which will place this branch oi repairs in good condition. New tracks have been laid at the Johns town and Hollidaysburg boat slips, through the tunnell, at foot of plane No. 2, at head of plane No. 3, at foot of plane No. 0, and at foot of plane No. 8. There has also been an addition built to the locomo tive sheil at Johnstown, a new turn-round and side track at the summit' new coal houses at several of the planes, and new side tracks at the Hollidaysburg depot and packet landing. 1 have deemed these re pairs necessary to protect the stock of the road, and to facilitate business. The work has been conducted by competent men; good materials have been used in its con- ! struction, and great care has been taken to have ltdone without unnecessary expense, and in a durable and permanent manner. The expenses in this department have been unusually large, owing to the great amount of work that has been done, but many of the foregoing repairs cannot properly be charged to the direct expenses of the season. It cannot be expected that this department will yield much of a rev enue, owing to the worn out dilapidated condition of the superstructure. It gives me pleasure, however, to inform the board that it is in a much belter condition at present than when I took charge of it; but it will require heavy repairs during the coming season, to render it competent to to pass the increased tonnage anticipated. I would recommend the purchase of one hundred tons of heavy iron to supply de fective bars. The amount of tonnage transported over the road during this fiscal year, is three hundred and fifty-seven mil lions two hundred and twenty-six thousand and two hundred and thirty-three pounds, being an increase over last year of thirty nine millions one hundred and sixty-eight thousand, and nine hundred pounds. The system of clearing, at maximum rates, large amounts of freight at Pittsburg and Philadelphia, detracts greatly from I this road's legitimate source of revenue, i the reduction of rates on coal made by ,the board last winter has the sam trnrien. FEBRUARY G, 1831 cy. Thirty millions one hundred and sixty-eight thousand and five hundred pounds of coal have been transported this season, and the toll charged on a section boat laden with sixty thousand pounds (being the number of pounds they are al lowed to carry) is eleven dollars and six cents, whaa ten dollars and twenty-four cents is received for passing an empty boat, thus leaving eighty-two cents for transporting sixty thousand pounds of coal across the road. The tolls charged for passing ten burden cars laden with seventy j this road's proportion of the one hundred j not amount to 50,000, so that it has more thousand pounds of coal, amount to nine ! and twelve thousand dollars appropriated : than trebled in that short space of time, dollars and eighteen cents while nine f for repairs after December 1st, 1850, per 1 In 1810, the population of St. Louis was dollars is received for passing those cars j 24th section of appropriation bill of 10th j only 10,000. It is now upwards of 90, being empty, leaving in this case only Mav, 1850. j 000. This city is destined to be the eighteen cents for transporting seventy j thousand pounds. Thus, you will perceive ! lhat a vast amount of tonnage has been conveyed over the road, for which it re- : ceives no visible credit. I do not find ; fault with the maximum system in the a- j gregate, but when it is desired to contrast j the receipts and expenditures of this road, j it should be borne in mind that if its pro- portion of maximum tolls were added to s those collected at Johnstown and Ilolli- ! daysburg, it would show a very different ; result. i At the last session cf the Legislature, j an appropriation of thirty-four thousand dollars was made for extraordinary repairs of inclined planes. A new shed and en gine houses have been built at plane No. G, and materials have been prepared and delirered for relaying the ascending track on plane No. 6 and No. 8, with heavy iron during the winter. A lare amount of repairs have been done at the planes during the season, and necessary arrange ments have been made to give them a gen eral repair during the suspension of navi gation. Statement No. 4 will exhibit the amount drawn and expended for the above purposes. 1 he appropriation made per Act of 10th of May, 1850, for motive power and re- pair expenses for the fiscal year of 1850, is deficient by twenty-nine thousand two hundred and live dollars and ninety-eight cents; the expenses of the months ol October and November will have to remain unpaid until provided for by another ap- propriation. As the most of this amount is due to laborers who are in moderate circumstances, and have large families to support, I would sutrirest, as a measure of humanity, that a special appropriation be i ses may be assigned first, the unexam made as early as practicable for the pay- j pled prosperity of the country since 1 8 45, ment of the expenses of those two months, I would also suggest that liberal appropri- ations be made for the fiscal year 1S51, so that cash can be paid lor materials, and payments made to laborers monthly there can be no loss to the State in making am- pie appropriations for its improvements, a thfl stirnlus can be transferred to that of the succeedina year; but where there is a deficiency it cannot be corrected until an- other appropriation is made, and several months intervene, to the embarrassment of many needy creditors. At the last session of the Legislature, an appropriation was made of nineteen thousand eieht hundred and fiftv-three dollars and sixty-three cents, to pay debts reported by Mr Power, as due for motive power and repairs for the fiscal year 1840. This amount has proved to be much too small, as I have already paid debts to the amount of nineteen thousand seven hun dred and forty-two dollars and fifty-two cents, and there still remains to be paid, after deducting a small balance of appro priations (for which see Statements, Nos. 2 and 3), eight thousand one hundred and sixty-two dollas and ninety cents for mo- tive power, and four thousand three hun- dred and fifty-one dollars and thirty-four cents for repairs. These amounts, 'added to the expenses ; of that year as teported, u ...-".i i Wilt lllltdog IIIU UlUllti; UU Cl IU U1HJ iiuuuitru uiiu acveiiiy-nuiu uiuusaiiu out; hundred and twenty dollars and forty-seven j and steady stream of effective labor direct cents, and the repairs to fifty thousand and ed upon its shores. How far America sixteen dollars and four cents. I have i has (rained within the last ten years, in an made every exertion to ascertain, as near as possible, the amount of old debts re maining unpaid, and I believe the above amounts to he correct. Thfi tpcpint; fnr l -v. railroad tolls during this fiscal vear amount O J --- to sixty-two thousand nine hundred and twenty-one dollars and six cents, being an excess over last year of eight thousand nine hundred and eight dollars and forty - three cents. I he following exhibits the receipts and expenditures of the repair department : Receipts for railroati tolu 62,931 05 Expenditures for ordi- narv repairs S 13, 330 03 Expenditures for extra- ordinary repairs 1 1 ,934 70 55,2 Gl 73 Profits of repair department 7,656 33 The following is an estimate for ordinary and extraordinary repairs for lb51, fori details of which see Statements, Nos. 3 and 17 : For pay of foremen, car. poolers and laborers 833,501 09 6.300 00 7.500 00 1.550 00 $4S.850 00 Ald ftr one hundred tons to supply defective raiU Add for extrdo difiarr repairs at pe' Staleneut No. 17 Total pm't required for ordinary e.nd extra jrdinary repairs C.000 00 8,975 00 63,825 0J From this should be deducted twenty thousand dollars set apart by the Board as j Respectfully submitted, WM.'S. CAMPBELL, Sunaintcadent of Motive Power and ! Supervisor of Repairs oi Allegheny Portage Railroad. Superintendent's Office, 7 Summit, Dec. Ath 1S50.S NUMBERING THE PEOPLE OF AMERICA. From the London News, Jan. 2. Like the drops of a great shower, which "fall heavy, one by one," come upon us the first returns of the census which is now being taken in America. In the For materials For castings For miscellaneous ileum united States, both the general government ' with the census is new distribution of po and the State governments tike the num- j litical power to which it will give rise. ber of the people every ten years; but i Representation being based exclusively on take it alternately, so that, every five ' population, the preponderating numbers years, a census is had, showing the pro- j gress and distribution oi the population. i That taken at the end of eacii decade by the general government is by fir the most complete, exhibiting a variety of results in connection with topics of inquiry which are not touched upon by those who take the census of the separate States, under the authority of their respective legisla- tures. I lie general cencus is, thereiore, invariably that which is taken both at j home and abroad, as the great basis of : j comparison in esiimatiug the progress ' made by the nation, from time to time, in j f population and wealth. j Startling as the results have heretofore been, they arc destined to be cast com- pletely into the shade by those about to j j be disclosed by ihe present census, which ; will exhibit an instance of material and j J industrial developement unparalleled in j j the annals of nations. For this, two cau- i j when the tantt was, lor the lirst time, j placed on a purely revenue basis, and i j more especially since 1818, when the: , stream of California gold set in broadly, ; deeply, and constantly to the eastward;; and secondly, the universal extent to which, ! within the last four years, famine, pestil- j i ence. and political disturbances have i drained both the. British isles and the con- j . M j tinent of Europe of their redundant pop- ' j ulation. It is not to be doubted, that ; I within the last ten years nearly three; j millions of ihe subjects of the British ; ! crown have transferred themselves, and ; virtually their allegiance too, to our trans- , ; atlantic rivals. The emigration uurinjr i that period from (iermany, Denmark, and i other portions of the continent, has also i portion; been unwontedly great, so sudden and extensive a transfer to j America of what is there the most des.ra- bleofali kinds of capital, viz: emcient labor, can scarcely yet be calculated, it.it it is not labor alone llr.it has been thus transferred. Money has jrrme along with it in unprecedented quantities, tuus iui - - . . , - further enhancing the rapid acquisition of. ; the means by which a free and industrious j people accelerate their individual fortunes ' and national developement. j But if labor is the foundation of all , wealth, it is eviuent how great a des.dera- 1 lUUl 11 IIlUoL UC IU l LUUliU Ul UUuliUiv I ! . t -i i i resources like iViut'rif, ij nac uu amin element so essential to national wealtu and prosperity as population, it will be for the present census definitely to determine. lint ,,A,t,-.,t fmm ilir nremonilorv indica- j 1 U H j um lii ( - " . I tlnne -l.irh hnvr nlrpadv reached us. wc WH1BI,- - j - ! cannot be far wrong in assuming that du- S rinr that period, nearlv fiftv per cent, has ! been added to the population. By the I census of 1310 the population of the Union was a little upwards of seventy i millions. By the present census, it will j fall but little short of, if it do not exceed. twenty-five millions. This is, for the whole Union, more than doubling in i " , ' twenty-five years, and when we consider tnat in some ot tne atates, popuianuu is actually, though slowly, on the decline. the rate of increase in other directions mav be conceived. Take for instance the valley of the Mississippi. In 1810 its population did not exceed 400,000 souls. I he census of the present year v. ill probably show it to contain close upon thirteen millions. Thus, in forty years, a region, the popu- VOL. 7 NO. 17. lation of which fell short of half a million, has come nearly to equal in number the population of England. In 18G0, the population of the valley will exceed that of England and Wales. The rise of some of the westein cities seems to have more of magic than reality in it. The man is yet living who built the first log hut on the spot which is now the site of Cincinnati, and that citv is now j larger than Bristol, containing 150,000 soul?. Ten vears ago its population did (greatest interior entrepot of trade upon i the American continent. But the most extraordinarv feature in j the case is the growth of New York. In i 1S40 its population, including it3 suburbt, ' was about 312,000. It is now estimated ' at close upon 750,000. The progress of i the continent is typified by the rise and i progress of New York. In 1860 its ! population will be 1,200,000, and in 1870 ! it will be but : tile short of two millions. i There is no limit to New York but such j as may be imposed upon it by the com- , mercial wants of the continent, j An important consideration connected of the west will transfer to it all political j power. W ; liiical balam e must conless that in the po- lanre between the different section ; of the confederacy, power could not be ! deposited in safer hands than in those of i the west. ' Ten years hence the population of j America will exceed lhat of the British j Isles. A DANCE IN CHURCH One warm Sundav in early summer, a few year3 ago, a female, who had recently I emigrated from the 44 green isle," attired ' in a short red cloak, with a capacious ; hood attached to it. strolled into one of ; our most fashionable Episcopal churches. ' As she had lived in a region settled by ' strict Presbyterians, who eschewed instru- mental music in their churches, her mind I always associated music and dancing to ! gethcr. Her proficiency in the hater ac- complishment had been frequently eompli , mented, when in her younger days she ! figured in the country reels of her neigh- borhood. On the occasion referred to, she took her seat in one of the forward : pews, whose door seemed inttin!v open She had not sat long, however, before a company uf dashing bclL-s (the owners of the pew) arrived, under the conduct of a spruce young man, whodireetly proceeded, with the utmost politeness, to bow the occupant from the pew. At the same moment the organ b-.'g in to pour forth its streams of harmony. The good woman was at first completely confounded, but set ing tiie gentleman slid bowing gracefully and becKoning her out into the aisle, shs ; . i - .;.! tl.nt cK i ; uecaiiiu assuieu, u: un uvu unuu. .wo. 1 , ', unwittingly strolled into a place ap- .m-1 . toil i. t.ilio liirht fmt-isiif toe. anc i the love of her former habits having been not qv.i'.e extinguished, she jumped up. ; exclall!linTf ..Well, I can, if I maunua ! I j ean jr j maunna !" and began capering j anJ Jown tJ)C uUIq lQ lhe u;ter aslon. up io.,,nni f I ti.o f(-in.Tri"T:'tlii!l . WHO COUIu i ,i,:r u.T,ior r.t ihr- rrolFsnue , 1 1 vj k iici.am u'vu " fc 1 j . ll.m,- thf matter was explained ; ...,, i,.1Vf, nPvrr learned, but i mortification, when she d;d understand j . easily imagined, I ' ' ' j Fools. In a town between south of Boston". t - . . i mere were iwo iuki . i u ti i ir I d 111 1 1 V .Jm V'l 11 V ltxr.lt w.- much superior to the other, who was of low decree. One day they met m the street, when the aristocratic idiot exclaimed to tlm other. "Lezer! Lezer ! vou area fool. "I know I am a fool," answ ered Eleaser, drawing in his hanging tongue. j . a , t ' 1 ! "jut nilemon, you are fool, and don t f . 4 j "'WW u. t " IT' A lady who lives about ten miles from Germantown, affirms that her boy s are the most temler-lieanea cnuuren ever knew, one av s ma. u -----one of them to draw a pail of water, he instantly bursts into tears. The Height of Faxcv. To bay a. glass of port wine for three cents, and still imagine there is a grapey flavor about it. 1 . olio 3kT EXT What is that which mAes everybo dy sick but those who swallow it. n- j swer Flattery j S3" When Ins a man angatiu.tu.u wife about hts coffee? When he has sum cicnt grounds.