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"WE GO WHERE DEMOCRATIC PRINCIPLES POINT THE WAV; WHEN THEY CEASE TO LEAD, WE CEASE TO rOLLOW."
BY JOHN G. GIVEN. EBENSBURG, THURSDAY, MAY 9, 1850. VOL. 6 NO. 31.
MISCELLANEOUS
PROFESSOR AOASSIZ.
Ftom ike Ckriatian Kegiiter.
At the recent scientific convention at
' Charleston, South Carolina, Professor
Ag&ssiz developed, with some minuteness
of detail, the theory that the human race
is not descended, as is generally supposed,
from one parent stock, but has diffused
itself from several original centres of
creation, the progenitors from each portion
of the race having been distinguished by
such peculiarities as adapted them to their
position as to soil and climate, and to Ihe
part which the were destined to play in
the economy of life. He at the same
time expressed his faith in the sacred re
cords, and his profound reverence, not
only for their religious but their historical
contents, maintaining th?t even they con
firm his theory, inasmuch as the story of
Cain almost necessarily implies ihe ex
istence of human beings not of his father's
family. We are sorry' that this specula
tion should have been denounced on os
tensibly religious grounds. We are not,
indeed, prepared to embrace it; yet it
seems to us entirely tenable, and consist
ent even with the highest ground that may
be taken as to the credibility, nay, the
, verbal inspiration of the Mosaic record.
It is the primer, not Moses, that says
dogmatically that Adam was the first
man. He may have been, for all that we
are told to the contrary, only a first man,
one of the world-fathers. ' Moses may
have designed simply to give, subsequent
ly to his cosmogony, the history of that
portion of the race from which his own
nation derived their origin. Nor is the
race any the less one, if not the descen
dants "of a single human pair. It is not
as Adam's, but as God's children, that we
are brethren in Christ. A common Father
and a common redemption make "the
whole iamily in heaven and earth" one.
Nor does any christian look this side of
God and Jesus for his motives, to univer
' sal philanthropy. The declaration, "The
field is the world," and the command,
: "Preach the -gospel to every creature,"
are enough to consummate the essential
unity of the race, even if every continent
and island had its separate Adam.
If divine inspiration pervade, as we
believe it does, the Old Testament, no
less than the New, science can do no det
riment to revelation, and revelation can
need no defence against true science.
They can only lend each other mutual
confirmation. They may seem for a
while to-utter contradictory responses;
but their respective languages can only
need mutual translation to coincide. Fear
of scientific research betrays a lack of the
very faith which it pretends. The Scrip
tures, indeed, have not for their primary
design instruction in astronomy, geogra
phy, history, or philosophy; and, as ad
dressed lo the popular mind, they employ
language adequate to the popular compre
hension of the times when they were
' written; but, if they are, as we regard
. them, the authentic record of the divine
I administration of human affairs, it is im
r possible that in the last analysis they
't should fail to harmonize with all scienti
fic truth, and whatever alleged truth con
tradicts their teachings only needs space
for its developement lo demonstrate its
own absurdity. Time and again have
the professed . friends of revelation trem
bled for the ark that they upbore, lest it
should be overthrown and scattered by
the rude hand of science; but as often has
science laid its finished testimony in the
ark, and enriched religion with more
comprehensive and enlarged views of the
truths of revelation.
Never can there have been greater con
sternation than filled the hearts of good
men all over Christendom, on the pro
mulgation of the Copernican system, be
cause the Bible - seemed to recognize the
revolution of the sun round the earth. But
the Christian, now that - he has humbly
receded from the centre to the remote cir
cumference of the creation, finds himself
in a universe immeasurably more vast
and grand than before, and reads in the
same scriptures an equally authentic, but
an infinitely more stupendous record of
the divine power, wisdom and benefi
cence. Geology, in its divine infancy,
was denounced as pretending to trace in
the strata of the earth a process and order
of creation subversive of the Mosaic cos
mogony. But its researches, while they
have confirmed the narrative in Genesis,
have, at the same time, whether by length
ening out its days into ages, or "by inter
posing successsive epochs of creative en
ergy between the original formation of
matter and the work of the six days, in
definitely enlarged and elevated our views
of the Creator, and our adoring contem
plation of the primeval history of our
planet.' Modern investigations in chro
nology, history, and archaeology, after
having been decried and vilified as hostile
to faith, have, in their turn, brought their
several contributions to the illustration
and corroboration of the sacred lecord,
thus multiplying the proofs that science
"can do nothing against the truth, but for
the truth." Let this theory of Agassiz be
fully elaborated and tested. It will either
fail to substantiate itself on scientific
grounds, or else it will take its place in
harmony with revelation, and will open
expanded views of the attributes of the
Creator, the plan of His providence, and
the genuineness and adaptation of the suc
cessive religious dispensations recorded
in the Bible.
Tlic Etaive .Soap ITIan.
BY J. J. HOOPER.
The itinerant fellows who frequent our
towns, during the sessions of-the Courts,
and on all other occasions of popular as
semblings vending their small wares a
la the Razor-Strop man are something
very amusing'. We noticed one ofem
last week crying his eranive soap to as
simple a crowd as we have observed in
some time. He was a sharp eyed fellow
with a sanctified look, black whiskers
and a still blacker and enormous straw
hat.
"Gentlemen," he said, or rather sang
"gentlemen, I offer you a splendid article,
a superb article, an incomparable article
magical, radical, tragical article! QHere
he displayed a cake of his soap. Magi
cal, radical, tragical, erosive Soap! Yes,
in its effects upon its inventor most tra
gical! Shall I tell you how? It was inven
ted by a celebrated French Chemist, nfier.
twenty years toil, labor and privation. In
just fifteen minutes, two seconds and a
half, after the discovery, he fell into the
arms of death, and his name became im
mortal! You can draw you own conlu
sions, gentlemen! '
Magical, radical, tragical, e-ra sive Soap!
Dime a cake! Hand me the money!
served me right there's the soap! Yes,
there's a man has got a cake of the incom
parable, inappreciable, infallible, invalua
ble, magical, radical, tragcal, e-ra-sive
soap!
Gentlemen, you'd open your eyes if I
were to tell you the wonders performed
by this in-con-pa-ra-ble article. It cleans
oilspots, removes stains, hides dirt, bright
ens goou colors and obliterates bad - ones!
such is the virtue of the all-healing,
never-failing, spot-removing, beauty-restoring,
health-giving, magical, erasive Soap!
The vender wiped his brow, heaved a
sigh, and recommenced, standing at ease
againt a piazza post.
"Why gentlemen, when I first became
acquainted with this inextollable gift of
divine Providence to erring man, I had an
obstruction of the vocal organs, an imped
iment of speech, that bid fair to destroy
the hopes of the fond parents who inten
ded me for the bar or the pulpit. I was
tongue-tied but I came across this pre
cious compound swallowed half an
ounce, and ever since, to the satisfaction
of my parents, myself, and an assembled
world, I have been volubly, rapidly, and
successfully, interminably, unintermitting
ly, most eloquently sounding the praises
of the incomparable, inimitable, inappre
ciable, never-failing, all healing, spot-removing,
beauty-restoring, magical, radical,
tragical, erasive soap!
Ah! gentleman, a world without it
would be naught! It takes the stains from
your breeches, the spots from your coat,
removes the dirt, and diffuses a general
cheerfulness over the character of the
whole outer man! True, gentlemen, I've
worn the forefinger of my right hand to
the first joint, in illustrating the efficacy
of this ineffable compound; -but I hold
that the forefinger of one man yea, or
the forefingers of ten men are as noth
ing when compared with the peace and
welfare of society and the world!
Oh, magical Soap! oh, radical Soap!
oh, tragical Soap! what wonders thouj
dost perform! The frightened locomotive
leaves its track (as it icere) on thy ap
proach! The telegraphic wires tremble
and are dumb in thy presence!
Why, gentlemen, it clears the complex
ion of a nigger, and makes a curly headed
man's hair straight! It removes the etains
from the breeches, and the spots coats
in like manner, it purifies the conscience
and brightens the character! If vou're a
little dishonest or dirty, try it! If your
reputation or clothing is a little smutty I'll
warrant it! For. ladies whose slips I
mean these little brown, ' yellow, white,
blue and many colored Uppers have be
come soiled, it is the only cure, panacea,
medicamentum, vade-mecum, in globular
creation. Then come up, tumble up, run
up and jump up, like Hung'ry patriots,
and by my incomparable, infallible, ineff
able inappreciable, coat-preserving, beauty-restoring,
dirt-removing, speech-improving,
character-polishing, virtue-imparting,
all-healing, never-failing, magical, radical,
tragical, compound, erasive soAr!"
. Here Hard cheek's oratory was inter
rupted by a jshower of dimes from boys,
men and hobbledehoys, and the "show"
was considered "closed."
The Demagogue.
The following remarks by the Louis
ville Journal have point and applicability
beyond the locality for which they were
intended:.
Under every form of government, sel
fish men become the flatterers of power for
the sake of their own advancement. The
principle is the same whatever may be its
manifestation. In a monarchy the selfish
aspirant is a courtier, and tells the mon
arch that he can do no wrong. The most
tyrannical measures of the ruler are cordi
ally supported by the courtier, who expects
preierment as the reward of his servility.
In such circumstances the friends of hu
manity are the noble men who dare o
stand up for their rights against the force
of the oppressor, who will not prostrate
their free souls in the dust, nor bow down
to the calf which the oppressor orders
them to worship. In a republican govern
ment, the courtier becomes a demagogue;
but he is the same fawning sycophant still.
As changes the object of his flattery, but
not his own servile nature. He fawns on
power still with the same base motive,
Power is placed m other hands, but it can
not elude his watchful eye. However
rapidly it may pass from one to another,
his eye is fixed upon all its motions. The
last possessor is his master, before whom
he crouches with more than dog like servil
ity. He abused Hampden and Sidney
because his master bade him do so; he
now lauds them to the skies because he
expects thereby to gain the favor of his
new owner. He reviles courtiers, though
a change of circumstances would find him
the most cringing sycophant of them all.
The courtier is the demagogue transferred
toa monarchy;the demagogue is a courtier
removed toa republic. In short, courtier
and demagogue are but two names of the
same despicable character, and the dema
gogue who reviles the courtier, is reviling
himself. . .
Of what earthly use is the demagogue?
The courtier flatters the monarch, watch
es to see in what direction his wishes point
and eagerly runs forward to gratify them.
Abandoned to selfishness he cares not what
results may follow, if he can only advance
his own interests. So the demagogue
deals out nauseous doses of flattery to "the
sovereign people," watches the course of
public opinion, and, when he is sure in
regard to the direction, rushes in among
the foremost, waits not to see what is right
and what is wrong, but what is popular,
or what is supposed to be so. Like the
courtier he is a coward, and dares not
speak his own thoughts. He is a slave
and trembles at the frown of his master,
lie is not a man for has given up the high
attributes of manhood. He has lost his in
dividuality. He has become a mere ma
chine. He strangles his own thoughts,
annihilates his own soul. He is a curse
to his country, and to the human race.
Of such things -for men they cannot be
called we have had enough. May Hea
ven hereafter inflict upon us as few of
such men as the just punishment of our
sins will allow.
Doubling Hie Tape.
A jolly, good natured dog of a voyager
to El Doraao, gives the following account
of his experience in Doubling Cape Horn:
"It is impossible to describe the scenery
in the vicinity of Cape Horn. It is all it
is 'cracked up to be,' The elements were
in such an incessant turmoil, that we had
to lash everything on deck and below; but
sometimes we would be struck bjT a sock
dolager,' which would knock our calcula
tions into fits. Chairs, chests, trunks and
boxes, would 'fetch away, pell mell to the
leeward, and when the vessel righted, they
wouULtumble back again in the most ad
mirable confusion. We used to lie in our
bunks and call off cotillions for them to
dance; first four forward, balance, turn
partners, all hands round, great, grand,
right and left, promenade, lo your seats.
No one could walk on .-deck without
clinging to something, and sometimes we
would be struck unawares by a heavy
sea, and suddenly find yourselves crawling
out of the lee scuppen, rubbing oufshins!
Thus we were daniHed about by hc per
petual turmoil of the elements, irntil we
arrived at Talcahuana. Of the untiring,
unaccountable and unspeakably 'savager
our' rumpuses ever. kicked up in human
nature, Cape Horn takes the banner! I
have sailed boats on the Delaware and
Merrimack, a raft on tltc raging canawl,'
have been fishing and wrecked on Long
Pond, among thejerocious horn pouts,
and did think Ljras some punkins,' but
Cape Horn carfeftake my hat.' " Yankee
Blade. :
Kindness is one of the most beautiful
elements in the character of a jrentleman.
The Argument.
The Southern slaveholders have fairly
got the "one idea" Abolitionists "on the
hip." Their great argument in Congress
and out of it, is, that the same principle
which justifies the antagonism of capital
and labor at the North will justify slave
ry. In this they are riht; for the doctrine
that one man - may monopolize all the
wealthjind make the people tenants, and
hired servants at wages that will scarcely
give them bread, to say nothing of com
fort and education this doctrine, we say,
if extended to its final results, will justify
Slavery that robs of personal liberty but
provides food and, clothing. Every vio
lation of human rights is pro tonto Sla
very an approximation to absolute des
potism. The Southerners refer to our poor
houses and prisons, to our cellars which
are thronged with the poor, as the result
of our free system a system which we
contend is not free but a system which
our "one idea" Abolitionists do not con
demn. A system that will take bread
from the people will bind their limbs and
subject them to the absolute control of a
master.
Now, say the Southerners, you do not
condemn this, neither do we; but you
condemn our system, .which is scarcely
worse than your own- -where is j'our
consistency?
We condemn both the Northern and
the Southern monopoly, and the Aboli
tionists must come upon our ground be
fore they can reply to this Southern argu
ment. Northern monopoly takes land and
house, bread and clothes, education and
happiness from the masses while the
Southern monopoly takes the individual
himself, but feeds and clothes him abun
dantly. Awav with both, we sav. Let
us "cast the beam out of our own eye,"
before we become raving mad about the
mote that is in our brother's eye. Let
us make war upon all kinds of wrong,
both North and South.
The above was suggested by an article
iii the Southern Literary 3Icssenger for
April. Cin. Nonpariel.
A New Captain General iii Cnba.
The Picayune of April ICth contains
ihe following:
The news received in Cuba, by the
way of the United States, of a reported
change in the administration of that Island
by the appointment of the Conde Mirasol,
appears to gratify the people there. They
have no direct intelligence confirmatory
of the report, but it is thought to be prob
able, from the known desire of the Conde
to attain the place, and the rumors which
had previously been circulated that he had
obtained it. The report via the United
Stales was that of a Sr. Serrano had been
appointed "Governor of Madrid, vice the
Conde Mirasol, who was to proceed im
mediately to Cuba, in company, with two
generals, one colonel and emplcado, of
the Real Hacienda, on an important mis
sion." One version is, that after executing a
delicate duty in the nature of investigating
the state of affairs in the Island, the Conde
was to proceed to Washington. But the
latest letteis from Havana express the be
lief that he is to supersede Roncali.
The Conde xMirasol was formerly In
spector General of the troops in Cuba, by
which he was second in command to the
Governor, and his legal successor in case
of death, &c. He was subsequently
Captain General of the Island of Porto
Rico, whence he went to Spain, and was
made Governor of Madrid. He is a
staunch Loyalist, proud and quick of tem
perament, but has a high reputation as an
honorable gentleman. His wife was edu
cated in England, and both were highly
popular in Porto Rico. The Cubans
would be glad, on these accounts, to re
ceive him.
Lord Elgin. The wags in Canada
have the following jokes in circulation
about Lord Elgin:
It is reported that Lord Elgin has applied
to Earl Gray for the vacant appointment
of Queen Dowager, which is valued at
100,000 a year and perquisites. The
ground of the application, as we under
stand, is, that the appointment in question
is always filled by. an old woman.
The personal courage of his Excellency
the Governor General, has never been
doubted. During his first visit to Toronto
Mr. Mayor Gurnettc forgetful of all pro
priety, rushed into his chamber and ex
claimed: "My Lord,"Yny Lord, all Toronto is
about to rise!"
"What o'clock is it?" says the Earl.
"Ten, my Lord," answered the "May
or. v: -
"Then I will rise myself," said his lord
ship, very calmly, "for I think every one
ought to rise at ten o'clock."
American Soldiers. -
Sound sense and plain truth (says the
Baltimore American) distinguish the an
nexed article, copied from the editorial
column of the Richmond Republican:
It is a fact, that whde Hungarian and
other refugees are invited to settle on
American land, and while Senators of the
Unites S'.ates contend which shall go fur
thest in voting farms to the soldiers of other
countries, the widows of officers aud sol
diers of the United States army are not
entitled to a picayune in silver, oran acre
of land from that Government in whose
seivice their husbands and fathers toiled,
fought, and died, unless perchance they
died on the field of battle.
"Why living foreigners should be en
titled to greater sympathy from the Ameri
can Government than living American
women, who are the survivors and rep
resentatives of oravc American soldiers,
is a question which we confess ourselves
unable to answer. The Good Book has
emphatically declared, and every wise
and generous heart will endorse the dec
laration, IIe who provideth not for his
own is worse than an infidel. We are
willing and desirous to provide a refuge
for the oppressed sons of liberty from
every clime, but justice, nature, gratitude,
and wisdom, all dictate that va should
first do justice to those of our own fami-
"Ihe mere circumstauce that an offi
cer or soldier dies on the field of battle,
constitutes no evidence of peculiar merit
nor exclusive claim upon the gratitude of
the Government. Washington, Greene,
Hamilton, and other illrustrious heroes
survived th Revolution; Generals Scott,
Jackson, Harrison, and others; Commo
dores Hull, Perry, Decatur. Porter .Mc
Donough, and nearly every other illus
trious naval commander, survived the
late war with England; Taylor, Worth,
Wool, and a host of other military heroes,
passed unscathed through the wars Flor
ida and Mexico. What sense or justice
is there in a rule which would deprive
the widows of such men of a pension
upon their denth, simply because they
were not cut down by a sword, or slain
by a bullet?"
Judge Lynch in Chagres.
.We have before us the verdict of a jury
of twelve men, given at Chagres on the
23d of March, 1850, in the case of one
John Powers accused of stealing $1,000 j
in gold dust from Mr. Bridge, at the Irvin
House in that place. The following is a
copy of the verdict:
Chagres, N. G., March 23, 1850.
Our verdict is, that John Powers is
guilty of taking the package containing
one thousand dollars in gold dust; and that
he be awarded fifty lashes per day upon
his bare back (twenty-five in the morning
and twenty-five in the evening with a cat-o'-ninc-tails)
every other day, to be inflict
ed by the sheriff, Mr. Hughes, until he
(the prisoner) confesses the theft and pro
duces the package of gold dust.
N. W. Fisk, foreman; John McTurak,
Wm. Sharp, F. A. Thompson, H. E.
Gleason, R. Mason. J..W. Demarest, J.
Myers, L. Ingersoll, P. F. Mancosos, T.
B. Vance, W. E. Ncvvcorab.
Signed in my presence:
J. II. Barker, Clerk of the Court.
To the Hon. II. R. Wood,
Judge of the Court.
It appears as we understand it, that Mr.
Bridge, on his arrival at the Irvin House,
intrusted a package of gold dust with
Powers for safe-keeping, and that Pow
ers subsequently secreted the package
and declared that it had been stolen from
him.
In pursuance of the verdict Powers was
taken into the woods to undergo a flogging
when he confessed his guilt and' showed
where the gold was secreted. He was
then sentenced to receive fiftv lashes, as
above twenty-five in the morning and
twenty-five m the evening; after receiving
which he was set at libcrtv.
Mr. Calhoun's Family.
Mr. Calhoun has left a wife, now in
Charleston, and a family of four sons and
twodaughlers to mourn his loss. His
eldest son, Andrew, is a wealthy planter
in Alabama; Patrick, the second son, is
in the Army, and was an aid of Gen.
Gaines; John who was named after him,
and was with him when he died, is a
physician; the youngest son ' William, is
now pursuing an undcr-gradualc course
of stud)' at College, One of his daughters,
Ann Maria, is the wife of Mr. Clcmcuns,
our Charged'Affairs Belgium, and the
other has always remained at home, h?v
ing long been afflicted with a spinal affec
tion. The family of Mr. Calhoun are
left in affluent circumstances, his proper
ty being estimated at $100,000. He mar
ried earl y in life, his now bereaved part
ner, a lady of fortune, a cousin bearing
the same name wheh he has rendered il
lustious.
The Bnsr Baiy
There are a great many busy hoies in
this world. You will find people who
know as much about other'people as they
do themselves. The most profound secrets
are in the possession of such folks.. How
the get them, whether by rifling, eaves
dropping, or dogging, it is impossible to
say; but they have ihenv You. will
find, also, that there are a good many peo
ple who complain that they cannot get
along that they"have nothing to do -that
fortune does not favor them, and, there,
they go through life grumbling, with their
noses to the grind stone, and picking up.
like a wild duck in winter, a precarious
subsistence. Vet the people that havo
nothing to do are alway busy; thuy Hand
in the high-ways and - by-ways with
look of earnestness, and whomsoever they
meet, they accost- They always Jiavi?
something with which they have no man
ner of concern, and which is exclusively
the business of other people.- Need we
draw the inference? While these people
are catching blind eels, the industrious
fisherman is loading his wagon with full
nets. They waste the time in miuding
the business cf their neighbors which they
ought lo devote sedulously to their own.
The days are short, and time and tide
wait for no man. and it requires constant
attention to hucceed in any calling.
Union.
The Nicaragua Canal Company.
This Company, cf which Cornelius Van
berbiit, Esq., is President, had a meeting
yesterday, to take action in regard to the
progress of this work. Th6 first install
ment on the stock has been paid. theCom
pany own one boat, and have two others
building, for the navigation of the river
San Juan. They are also negotiating for
steamer conection between New York
and the Atlanticjtenninus, and San Frau
cisco and the Pacific terminus. Proba
bly within three or four months this new
route between the Oceans will be in' op
eration. There arc but 15 miles of land
carriage at this point of crossing the con
tinent, the remaining 134 miles being by
-stemboat on River and Lake. "The 15
miles are mostly level, the aggregate riso
being only 100 hundred feet, and the
Road, with an expenditure of a few thou
sand dollars can be made smooth nnd
pleasant for carriages. The whole dis
tance from Ocean to Ocean, can be made
in 21 hours without fatigue. The cli
mate is beautiful and healthy, an epidem
ic disease never being kown New York
Tribune, April 25.
Crimes in Philadelphia-
Philadelphia, April 2(J.
The morning papers of to day an
filled almost to the utmost capacitv of
space with the particulars of crimes from
the beginning to the end of the catalogue
of chapter after chai t r of accidents
and miscellaneous occurrences.
Among the crimes which on Saturday
disgraced and outraged the city, weir
those of murder, assassination, stabbing,
shooting, riot, robbery, arson, burglary.
This morning the scene at the Police
Office was a fit subject for the moralist.
The oflice was jammed and every avenue,
leading to it thronged to that degree that
all access to it was cut cf the question,
the main attraction for the gratification
of the morbid curiosity was a bind of
youthful persons, arrested by the Sheriff
and his posse for fighting in the south wcs
tern portion of the City.
0OIt is customary with sone younj
ladies to divine future events by inspect
ir.g the sediment in the bottom of a break
fast cup. and they"will actually build their
hopes of getting a husband oil no better
grounds than those tea or coffee.
The way the ladies biaid their. Lair
over night and smooth it in wavy folds on
their alabaster temples, and that sort of
thing in the day time, is very betwitching,
but costs ihem an immense amount of la
bor and trouble. We wonder if they
wouid take as much to darn their hus
bands stockings.
I"An old lady, putting o:i her specs,
and taking up the village newspaper, the
first phrase that cought her eye was the
heading tf a political article, which rend,
Illinois moving!"
'Bless my soul!" exclaimed the gcoi
old dame, ! hope it won': raovo this way
on to my dear son William's farm, which
lies just on the burdor of Indiana!"
L-sr-" My dar madam," said a doctor to
his patient, "1 am truly gratified to find
you yet in life. At my last visit yes
terday, you know I told yoti, ycu had b'lt
six hours to live."
"Yes, yes I know yoti did, roc:rr, but
I d.b. not take the lose you left."
i