thizAtratii. A. K. ItHEEit, - J. A. DIJNRAII,. C.ARLISLE. PA Friday Morning,. MatCh 5, : 18.69. TUE Copper Tariff bill, passed ori ginally by less than a two-thirds vote, but it subsequently gained much more strength frorii'the White Howie, and was re-paised by a two-thirds vote and consideiable to-spare. Mr. John son's, veto has been; hitherto, a good card. for Measures which run his dis approval, buspring their re-cuactinent forthwith. liait•The rush apcople from all parts • , , of tne country to witness tne inaugu ratimi of President GRANT has -I*m immense. Even some country editArs, , seduced by the. low price of car fare, have gone to Washington. In that city, ho*ever, they will doubtless find 'the "fare" high enough and scant enough, too. But that's their look out. KENTI4K refuses to admit the tes timony of negroes, in her Courts of Justice. It is within the power of every suiter, aggrieved by such an ex clusion, to- secure the enforcement of the Civil - Thights Act, in an appeal to the Federal Tribunals, which cannot fail to declare the aonstitutionality of the State legislat'ino. Anil no other federal intervention seems to he re quisite. . Qlt is a curious fact that Virginia, Massachusettsand hentucky have fur nished the Si : Maker of the llouse of Representatives more than half the time since the found:l6on of the Gov ernment, Virginia hating had th.e of fice fourteen years, Massachusetts Ipn yours,. and Kentucky eighteen years, making an aggregate of forty-two years out the eighty that the Federal Gov( fitment has been organized... Next to these States comes Indiana with eight years of the Speakership. and -Feimsylvania, North Carolina and Ten nessee, each with six years. • {The report of Fol. McFarland, Super,intenidellt of Common Sehoot , , is Eatisfammylii its statement con cerning the physical and moral comii iions of the orpTiiiirihiirlrerr—uPlirrare well housed, well clad, well taught and well trained to go forth iota the world, and prove themselves good c itiz en s. The accompanying reports from thein _,,§pectirs di_o_w that the noble charity of this Commonwealth ii administered —with-4ifitithful fitness, And that. it ie in _fact accomplishinggthe sanguine hopes which were 'felt when the duty was. undertaken. THE subject of taxation has occupied a not undue share of attntion in the State. Senate. The hill repealing the act taxing mortgages and moneys at interest, vas passed in that body by a decisive majority. A. bill of vastly snore iniporttnee, to. consolidate all the existing tax laws of the Citsnmenwealth is still tinder c(initleration. No (lunges are proposed to be utadC, exeopt to col •Qeot all - the legislation, now scattered through more than fifty valtimes, into 000 compact form, so that plain men may be able to read and comprehend the whole ftyptem for themseles. This arrangement- was. ordered - -a-resolu— tion of the Legislature two Years since, and is said to have been very faithfully . executed by Secretary Jordan. PENSIOS.—There have been, it is stated, 919 bills granting pensions to individuals offered during the present Congress. The Hens , • Committee on Pensions, it is announced, have now under consideration, and expect to re port, a bill reafranging the pension laws. Among the amendments to the present law are provisions for a More, efficient system of detecting frauds upon the government in the collection of pedsions, end for the disposition of arrears of pension i i where pat ties, have died, leaving pensions to which they were entitled. Ono dame prohibits widow, from transfering by will the ar rears•of her Pension te, the prejudiCe of the children of her deceased husband. As utin:Ab, the opposition, minority members °fi l m. Legislature, are found. voting generally in favor of any and proposition for an extravagant QM expenditure ! 'Forettannple : On the — votrfot ifiereasing the pay of members from 81.000 to $1,600, the opposition stood 18 for it to 10,against it, while the Republicans were only 10 for it to 44 against it. Antlitovan a Demo - crat who made the original movement. Vhinking to shelter themselves from popular odium behind r. Republican' Majority, these gentlemen propose share the profits in such petty pluM without any of the political, responsi-• bility. Unfortunately, there are alwaysi a-,feW• among any majority who will consent to , be used thus, for the emol , ' : „-,tmont of themselves or their friends. ft ;; l yt \ t , ,iuNu persistent re- Senate to repeal the divil Teintre k ll2-- _be deeply i g e tLys : a cotemperary, would e great body of the American by the n It is as de o le sirable now that Weit. , ieftfree to perfectAhrgant.shbuld be ' ''' ;- '1,.1118 in . contemplation, att it was ~; he has ago to prevent Andrew John7 i Y, entB- deranging the civil service of the . 1".,? . . m ,try for the purpose.. of procuring pat. 'dereis to his policy: -The same Causes which led originally to the restrictions of-Presidential Ower should new has ten their financial hopes- Sit,fes_ of the; nation;require : a faithful 'co4ecti - oil:of, the revenues, and this end can best be. pl'emoted , at this jurmtke by_. gitjr . tgl.,GFaptLtimple :op p or4mit les to ,api)Lit :honest then to office, as it was formerlypromoted.'bk restraining " Johns M's efforts to bestctiltreirPonsible positions ao rogues. „. - ~ ' . Ne:a'oiv learn that 0ne..,0f the rst . ;i9t.s,of,"the next Congress ,willbe- he ' • .- .'""klef the civil:Lawn) NIL ,••• .:I,': The Constitutional Atitendment. . After a very •consideTable contest between tin; lieuSe and the Senate as to its proper prvisions, Congress has at last passed the Constittitionld Amend . - merit, which, when ratified - by three , `fourths of the State Legislatures, will . guarantee for all time to come to every citizen in this Republic the right to exercise that highest prerogative of 'a fFeeman=the right of suffrage. Its provision is as follows: "The right of the citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State, on aceount, of race, color or previous .condition of servitude:l.- Already-has the KansaS t Legislature ratified it bra unanimous vote in the Senate; and by a vote Of _sixty-four to'seveninJhe lower House. But twenty-five more Legislatures will have to adopt when it shall have become the law of the land, there being at present but thirty four States which are recognized as such. When this shall have been done, then will the principles of the Declara tion of Independence, which had been o long ignored by our Government, that all men are created free and'equal, &c., have become enforced by the highest law of the land,.and no caste or Fejudice will ever again be permit ted to pervert the genius and Spirit of our free institutions. But, say the Democracy, this amend ment is an infringement upouthe rights of the States ; and such an' argument comes with exceeding illtrace from a party 'of men who are continually harping upon their reverence for and adhesion to the provigions of the Con stitution. That instrument itself pro vides for amendment in the very- man= ncr that Oongress now - proposes.. And surely there can be no infringemmit Minn State rights whet, the States. themselves are the very parties who are to ratify or reject the proposed amendment. Ths Legislature of Penn s:‘qvatiia or of any other ;State, repre senting the people thereof, have a complete and perfect right to adopt or - mjcct - thiTamendmea,just As they May see fit, and upon their action rests the d6cision Of the question. So that Demo,cratic clap-trap about the matter simply amounts to nothing. - Penn• sylvania norm() other State need adopt 47-unless 'she sees fit,..ller--power - CO' zeject—is , Treltii:4 - Iy the said as her poWer to adopt. But just here the question arises, why are the-Democ racy so unanimously opposed to the adoption of this amendment ?-- Is it because that they are afraid the ne groes vill:swell their vote ? Is it be cduse they are afraid that-the right to vote "will elevate the negro to a level above their own 7" Or, is it because they, knowing That the negroes as a role were loyal during the war, are. afraid they will vote with the party of loyalty, and - thus help - the popular condemnation of their own disloyal and t lam son- 11;stering, organization ? Surely it cannot be for the first reason, and just as surely is it for the latter two. They fear the negro if lie should get the to vote Would not only reach .their level, but would even outstrip them, and they well know -that his loyalty .and personal respect would forever preclude hint,, front casting his vote with the flatly that went into re bellion with the avowed purpose of founding a GoV.ernment whose corner stone-should--be his own enslavement, This is why th , y grow wild in impo tent rage over the proposed amend ment. They -- did the satne, however, over the amendment abolishing slavery, and over the Reconstruction laws that gave the right of suffiage to the negroes tie lately revolting States, and in spite of their opposition and raving, the Reptiblican party steadily advanced to the completion of both dust! objects. And just as Democratic oppo4ition and raving amounted to nothing then, so will it now. For just its surely as tlte, Re publican party wiped out American slavery and gave to the freedman in the-rebetStates - the right of suffrage; just so surely will they succeed in the end in extending the. same right to every citizen of whatever, ruse, color,' or previous Condition of servitude that is to be found within the, wide domain of our Republic. In this conitexicn we are rejoiced to learn that Gen. Grant, who hits been so reticient on all - othersubjects, is so full of this one that asTarly as-last Saturday ho declared to Senators. Stew art :Lid Wilson that he cordially en dorsed the amendment giving suffrage to all, irrespective of color, and ex pressed an gamest wish that the States . woul at unce ratify it. • • . Wit) Congress, the President, and - the gr at majority 'of theloyal L men of the .ountry stiongly•in its favor, we c' inot for a moment doubt the con summation of this groat and glorioug object. . Humanity . . and ciyilization Alike-demand it, and ,ncr.prejudice or caste can prevent. And at the certain prospect let all good men rejoice • . Since. writing the aborie the States of Nevada, Louisitirut and Illinyislmire also ratified the amendment. .• NEW NA C AtALIZATION LAWdet . The House Committee on Revision of Laws have agreed on a bill relativb to ,tiom whieh—they—will_report- yam a as soon as posAible. It provides that hereafter all naturalization ehall be done in tin .Unifed States Courts; that Re gistdsc in Bankruptcy may take evi banes/tUit shall niSt iitiVteCeitificates ; reiei ;kll applicants for naturalization notice beforehand of their intentiou i b,, . • the, t jNi any ettizen may appear before xl ' et t t ‘ l e , nd state objec t thins to the of the appli cant ; that'eertifien'tl i " may be issued at the, and ittirctliz , tl9 . n ger Y sars and six' months thereafter. pose of the , bill, it will' 1:)e make naturalization aludichil\pro4ls. , rilißeto*-Ahi's paper,reachea ou. anbseribere, Gen. GRANT will be. fault:, .guratea President, and. the names of the Members of the f3abineryilll belittowit. -Was/hi:llton, Items. To a remark .that the ,country was watching every indication of ,hie inten tiok with great interest, Gen - .. - Grant replied : Well, they have waited sev eral years - with patience, and I guess they can wait "a few days longer. At, any. rate, they will, not know until Narchthe sth, when the names go to • the Senate." The announcement that Hon. Co lumbus pelaio will be the new Presi dent's Commissioner of Internal Rev enue seems to give grati4ention to all whO want an honest and a vigilant en forcement of our reventM laws, and'oc easions surprise only among those who were unaware of the degree of respect in which he is held' by Grant. He has b - 6611 warfnly-congrAtulated-by-inany persons to-gay,-but maintains a discreet reserve When questioned About what has. passed between Gen. Grant and himself. - ' , • The delay in acting on—the Saint Thomas treaty is improving die chances Of its ratification. Various influences are at work in 'favor of the purchase, and its friends are confident it will be etrongertinder the next administration: Carl Schurz, whose familiarity with EuroPean . politics will cause him to be put upon the Foreign RelatiOns Committee, is understood to take Mr. Sumner's view, that good faith neces-, sitate's - the ratification of the treaty. A gentleman largely engaged in transportation has propesed•to- - charter_l from the Baltimore and Ohio llitilroad the passenger trains on the Washington e it Branch Road, for tl ••ee months from the 4th of March. .Phis is done asp a business enteLpri,e - , founded on the as eurance_of the Prc , sident elect that be intends to have au honest'administra- on of government, which will require the immediate dismissal of several thousand persons employed in this city, and a corresponding number appointed from the different StateS.to Till the var MB= It is known that General Grant has lkeld correspondence with leading Mem bers of the Society of Friends in 're gard to our Indian poliey, and it is certain thatohe will select many of his Indian agents from among them'. ',lt is understood that lie is determined to break up the Indian ring ; --coot ila t seems td be settled that the Clerk will'not eitll the names of the Repre sentatives from•the States of Georgia and Louisiana on the assembling of the next Congress. Excluding these States, and several con tested 'seats, wherem on e of—the claimants hold a certificate of election, the House-will stand 137 Re publicilno to 62 Democrats.' The testimony of Robert J. Walker before the ,Alaska Committee, shows that while he was abroad as a' secret agent of the Government, in 192, he visited St. Petersburg, and set tfie moveinent for the purchase of. Alaska on fnot. : , . , The members of the House Comn'iit tee on Foreign Relations express the belief that the present condition of af fairs in Cuba and San ,Domingo will 4urely lead to annexation within the first few months of Gen. Grant's ad- ministration • Gee. Butler called on Gen Grant last Saturday, and invited suggestions from the General about the Indian A.II- Propriation Bill, which were freely given him. GeirShVrirain was present at theinterview, which was very cor dial and - frank:" - The slippery ,ways of politicians are illustrated by the fact, since--General Grant's -intimation that Gov. Curtin would not be a member of the Cabinet, that nearly all the leading Pennsylva nians who were known to be Curtin's friends, repudiate all action or knowl edge of the McClure attempt to force him . into the Cabinet. - hSome`go co far as to deny that they ever endorsed Gov. Curtin's claims for the position. It is understood that all the Cabinet officers, except General 'Schofield and Attorney General Evarts, have offi ciallytendered the resignation .of their poytfoliOs to President Johnson, and that they° will be ; accepted. ,In the meantime their respective departments will be left in charge of officials tjext in rank as acting Secretaries, Gen. Grant states' that the remark attributed to hini by Colonel McClure, that though he was elected by the Re publican par i ty, he is apt a pally man, is calculated to do Him injustice ; and although he-does 'not desire to chatie Mr. McClure with intentionally mis representing him, he does not want to be considered as untrue to the: rights .of the party and the men who elected 'him. Gen. Grant stated again, as ho has' before stated, that be will appoint a COMmissioner of Indian Affairs and a Commissioner of internal Revenue on hie own responsibility, but in the case of all the other .bureau officers ho will take_ the, advice of his Cabinet' mem bers, and expects them to select men, who,will serve the Government faith fully and effectively. Mr. Delano takes. the hardest posit.- ion in thO entire Government. On his Once, while fighting the Inte .. A 0.% drew Johnson, w 6," piled the heaviest responsibility mid work that: attach.to any place in the country. The Corn missioner-conies-in-contactdir.ectl3rwith- the higgest'ringa and the boldest and most adroit scoundrels we are afflicted with. Mr: Delano, ,happily, posi?esses the necessary ability, honesty; nua, let us hope, courage. '° • l - *-- Thelatest-rumor in rekttion to Gen. qrant'a-Cahinet ie ,that the War De partment-fa the ono 9,llotted to•Penn eylvania, and in consequenee that the eurioeity'regarding the, eoming man From that' State, will not„be gratified until after Gent i3ehofield's retirement. arGen: Grant' has stated that one of hisbabinet'ofEeers woq)a be"a eiti fP 1 eP118.9 yam. egis ature f:inroad for ten an th • bdra 031 A 15' "nem to _ o _ :..i ,, nformally , to, Washingtoe , air:??..,lkie,h one ofthein,is to be. uug Y . The Spicing. Elections We desire to call the attetition,of our political friends throUghout the county lothe 'importance' Of - twliorbiigh township elections; which take- place' on .Friday, ' (he. 19th _day. of March. It is not necessary for us to inform our readers of the great iniportance of Se hating good men for the' several posts to be filled. We- hear frequent - cool plaiuts of the incompetency of this and! that School Director—of the inefficien cy of ltoad Supervisors, etc.—but these complaints will not end 'so long as men are nominated for office bnl3:- becatise they are llopuler. with their partiCalar' partizan friends. - The old Jeffersonis.n.- rule to "elect 110Ile but honest and, competent men to oflice," should ,be' -- observed - if we - wOuld , remedyexiSting - , - evils in our local as well as iu the State and. National Governments. COMMERCE BETWEEN THE STATES —Gen. Butler has introduced - bite' the HouSe a bill providing that no State shall pass laws discriminating between the citizens of such State' nd the citi zens of another State in regard to trade and commerce within such State ; and all laws in contravention,of said act are declared void. This is aime(Fat law passed by the Maryland Legisla ture at its last session taxing non-resi: ents $3OO for alicense, and - then pro viding that no person ha resident shall afar for sale any goods, wares, and merchandize without being sulijeci, to a„penalty therefor. Sucli State legislation, it- is claimed, is in violation of the Constitution. ligPA great number of have been presented to Congress Of late ask ing for an amendment to the Constitu— tion that will recognize the existence and authority of AlmightY God ; and some of them ask for an acknoWledg menrot the Christian religion. The latter, of course, is out. of the question, for, many reasons. For example, wo have hundreds of thousands of Israel ices in this country who are required to swear allegiance to the Constitution as the condition of citizenabip, and—who_ could not do so if their 4legiance ne cessitated the adhesiontoAristittn*: -----r - PgrA - is• will vote. on the first Mon :lay in July, upon the iew Conetitu tibb, and also upon the question of a division of the State. Her vote •is likelyto be affirmative'on each issue, although the Constitution 1s protested against, by some twenty of the most Radical members of ,the-•Coiivent.ion which framed it., as far too favorable to the rebel element . . Union eneill'eßail road Progress. The.hsading to the naTertlsemqnroctho - Treasurer of the Union Pacific Railroad Company• tells the story of the continued Progre.,4 of that work. Ono thousand and twenty-six miles finished 'anti the cars nos running into Salt Lake Valley The mountain chains and„,the canons which in terpose between thel P Plains and the great interior. basin hare been surmounted and passed, and the whistle of • the locomotive may be beard almost at the gates of the Mormon capital. Two hundred'miles (in three months time) and the continent Will be spanned by the iron rail. The speedy completion of the whole line calls renewed attention to the popular se curities of the constructing company. The First Mortgage Bohds of the Union Pe el*. Radroadc' : op i en,y,have been, sold to the amount of 'twenty million. With the completion of the road, the issue of these bonds must stop. and their value to holders will not u rid ly And steadily ierVarieFTrom that time: The late decision of the United States Supreme Court, that both coin and currency are a legal tender, and that 41 contracts for the payment of coin are valid and may be enforced by law, places the ligal liability of the Union Pacific Rail road Company to pay the interest add principal of its first portgage bonds be yond question. With onion of the Courts have heretofore held was a matter of honor has now become an obligation, and must enhance the market value of these securi ties. The present high price of govern ments offers a favorable opportunity for holders th self and reinvest in the Union Pacifies at a profit of $lOO to $l4O on each bond, and obtain a security equally as safe and really more valuable, on ac count of the longer period before maturity. Letter from Wasbltington. [Special Correspondence of the OARLIIILZ lienLLD WAsLiuSaToNi D. 0. March, Ist, 1869 CM= Tho curiosity about the Cabinet is i , ory funny to an indifferent loolior-on. if the day•of the Inabguration and of the author itative publication of tli9 names was a little_ farther. off,,we might at least hope to. leaen of many who would not bo appointed, if only headway &Mantled to 'barnacle at the same encouraging rate for the additional time. It, seems to have been ascertained that NoW,LYork and.Pennsylvaniatire_to_liave _ one place each—no State,.t.o have more— that Attorney General Everts iS not the ono from the former State, nor Ex-Gover nor Curtin for the latter; that no ofilOors of the army or navy -will have a pyap3; that no man shall have a place who -net s reconstructionist and a Republican essen tially; but.that the fact bf iiistan.being prominent politician or partizan, or strong , ly backed by prominent politicians will not bolufficient to secure him n plade. • if MassaclinSetts is represented, it will not be by Senator 'Wilson, for he has declared be would not-accept, at the same - time making .very earnest mention of Senator Sumner and Representative Boutwell to the Presi dent elect.. For Pennsylvania, the gue?ses of the knowing ones seem to be huddling around Mr. George H. Stuart. 'whO was Piesident of thbObristian Commission, but notknowq in politics, and Judge Brewster, a lawyer of high reputation, but a recent -convert to Republicanism. Judge Pion - pont is a prominent name for liew. York. Ho is an eleventh-hour Republican, also, tint like Judge Brewiter, enjoying a high rfilfiltation • . . • . Th_e_r_e _iii_no.thought_oLanytifalus_pres ent members of the Cabinet being retain ed, excep . ting, perhaps Gon. Schofield WM po rally in , the War Department - . - 7. , The' Soutliiir — Fßdpresentatives have had a con,. ference, rill - the States being represented. The affairs of the Sobth wore generally dis cussed, and it was decided to draW up a doc-• ument to present to Gen. Grant; setting, forth- the-condition of things, and also sug gesting that the South have a member of the Cabinet. If,laeis. Grant acdedes to the suggestion,, another meeting will be called and a man selected to present to Gen.'Grant, probably HoraCe Afaynard,. of Tennessee. • ' . EVILNERAL Lieutenant General Shertruin has arrii-. ed in town, and is Mopping at therelidende of his- brother, Senator Sherman: The committee having in charge tho , purchase of the residence ,for the general having cencluded begotlatlons for,- Gen. Grant's residence on .I street; rvitli the furnituro, will have the same :the same thoroughly , repaired. They have received netlike tlon from Gen. Sherman that he •occupy tholhouse before - the lirst or Jupo ; next, as he- does 'not; desire 'to break: up Isouso.kooping ,Louis WO° ' that time, on accouiit oh interfering h . with th education-of his children ...: " I= Mr.,Dawes of Massachusetts, having written'a•letteh,to Mr. Blab* of Maine, withdrawing his name as hatfdidate for the Spealcorship,fied l3eino'a only competitor for that post, the latter-gentle makcjias only•to;go' th t rottgY; the form of being elected; It so httppen's that excel lent qualities in the. men ~unttg -with the ,stitto claim to be i'eComilian - d r Mc son of Maine for the honorable and critical place, Gen. Grant continues to receive by mail large 11 urnbsre Of applmatimis for all sorts -of oflices r and he continues his .old practice' of romigning theM to the waste paper . -basket. married sister of toe General,. have ntriy_- ed in time to witnei•s - the inauguratioh.— The Darien Ship'Cirnal whielf Caleb Gush ing obtained permission by treaty, , for this nation to dig and navigate,-is :objected to _byeOttuent selentille loon af.y,rance; as 'an impramieniticroute.: The ir - esent contract for prte'llire- the Ctingr'o.sidnal Globe, ei piringt;twith this Congress, unless some nevi nrovision fire it ix made -will-frill to the GoVeimment Printing, Office. - The , Senate has •passed a ,resolutioff to renew the contract. - The — bill . has gone to the President 'restricting franking of postal matter to written autograph signatures of persons entitled to the priveleke; exclud ing printed Inc similes, The liaturaliza• tion bill. introduced by the Committee on Election Frauds, has passed the House.— The Copper !Tariff bill Ras passed both Houses over the veto of the Presidsnt.— It the settled opinion herd, that Hon. Columbus Delano - of Ohio, is to ho succes sor of Hon. E. A. &Mins, as C,Minff'ssion or of Internal Revenue. - Wednesday eVen ing, Senator Harlan and wife gave a re ception exclusively to the citizens of lowa 'in Washington, which proved exceeding ly pleasant. The house commences -its sessions now, at 11. o'clock instead of 12, togive op hour moro:for the press of he, emcee, I= Tim Albany (N. Y.) Burgesses Corps, a crack military company, will attend the Inauguration ceremonies, whey expect, to number at least-15 muskets, and bring aband of W pieces. They - willbe a pleas- , ant retninder of the days before the rebel lion when, for a generation, we al,l wore as innocentas children of everything per taining to war, .excepting .such holniny 'play soldiering us this company, and other companies in attendance, laced and padded, • ttL„giaidesqued by _hats es big ae—thoir bodies, will_ present. Their programme for the present trip is to arrive here on the morning of the Rd of March. On that day, between and 12 o'clock, -they will, by spo,tial arrangement, pay a visit to Gen. Grant, at his headquarters, wholly in the spirit of military courtesy as General of the army. (In the 4th they Will take putt in the parade, and-on the sth will visit Mount Vernon, leaving for. home on the evening train'of that day: Thousands of•hospital bed:Aced!' LIAYO been brqught into the city to place teinitors arils in roofus. for the "aceurnntodatiiin of visitom-torthe Tnaugnrstfiron - - In this way, one lar4.teAnttittiionly used for it billiard - - rtiThon, is to I,splitted tip for a party of 2do gentlemen Ain Philadelphia, who bare engaged it for one week for $7,010, Both Senate slid House have imssed a joint r , solution providing that (he time for the meeting or•the ;Forty first Congress be imstponed front 12 o'clock on March 4th, to :I•'thic k. =I So it rememb,tred - thilt the House of Rep resell tati,ves of the United States, February 25, 7569, by a vote of Sts to 0, passed an amendment to the appropriation bill mak• ing the compensation of the female clerks in theollice;f the Treasurer' of the ni ted - Slates, equal to the pay of male clerks of the' 'firSt'elass, and giving them the