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One Square onelnsertion t
Por each subsequont insertion
Vor Idicaritlie lidvertisemonts,
Legatliotioes
Profescional Cards without paper,
Obituary Notl cos an • Comnonica
Clone rol; 0311 to matte! sof pri
rate intercsKplope, 10 cents per
line;
fOB PHAN Job Printing Office the
complete establishment in the
Four,good Presses, and a general variety of
'materiarinfitid for plain and Fancy work of every
• tind; enables as to do Job Printing at the ' ' shortest
entice, and on the most reasonable terms. Persons
In !ant of Bills, Blanks, or anything in the Jobbing
lino, will find It to their Interest to give us a call.
Sevand Nufori 1 ation.
G. S. GOVERNMENT
Preaident—Arroncw .loassoN,
Vice President—L. B. FOSTER,
Secretary of State—Wm. 11.8Ewarto,
Secretary of Interior—JAß. 11/attar+,
Secretary or Treasury—l:Non McCur.tocn,
Secretary o fWar—Eownr M. STANTON,
goorotnry of Navy—GIIDEON WELLES,
Post Master General—Thu. DsNaisom.
Attorney General—James S. SPEED.
Chief Justice - of the United States—SALMON I'. CH Ass
STATE GOVERNMENT.
GOVOrtIOI:—ANDREW EL CURTIN.
Secretary of Btato--Em Buren,
Surveyor Gollerftl—JAMES P.BARR,
AtidttorLionoral—lBAAo SLENK ER,
Attorney Oenoral—Wm. M. alentorrn
Adjutant Oenotal—A L. Meant,
State Treasurer—HENnv D. Alooaa,
OhlefJustio of tho Supreme Court—Ono. W. Woo])
WARD
COUNTY OFFICERS
President Judge—Hon. James 11. Graham.
Associate Judges—Hon. Michael Cooklin, Hon.
Hugh Stuart. - • .
District Attorney—Charles E. Maglaughlln.
Prothonotary—Samuel Shireman.
Clerk and Recorder—Ephraim Common,
Register—Goo. W. North.
High Sheriff—John Jacobs.
County Treasurer—Levi Zeigl or.
Coroner—David Smith.
County Commissioners—Henry Karns, Jobs M
I oy, Alexander Hook.
Superintendent of Poor House—Henry Snyder.
Physician to Jail—Dr. W. W. Dale.
Physician to Poor House—Dr. W. W. Dale.
0
BOROUGH OFFICERS
Chief Burgess—John Campbell,
Assistant Bargees—William Cameron,
Town Council—East Word—J. W. A., o illeltin , An,
drew B. Zeigler ' Geo. Wetzel, Chas. U. 1101Ter, Barnet
Hoffman, West Ward—A. K. Itbeem, John - Rapt, Relit.
M. Black, S. D. Hillman, Clerk, Jae. M. Nlasonliammer.
Borough Treasurer, David Common.
High Constable, Biannual Swartz, Ward Constables,
East Ward, Andrew Martin, West Ward, Jnmos Wid-
LOr.
Assessor—William Noo ker.
•
Auditor—A. K. Shearer. •
Tax Collector—Andrew Kerr, Ward Col lectors—East
Ward, Jacob Goodyear. West Ward, il IL Williams,
Street Commissioner, Patrick Madden.
Justices of the Peace—A. L. Spengler, David Smith,
Abrm. Behalf, Michael Holcomb.
Lamp Lighters—Alex. Mork, bari Albert.
0
CHURCHES.
First Presbyterian Church, Northwest angle of Con
tee Square. Rev. Conway P. Wing Pastor.—Services
every Sunday Morning at 11 o'clock, A. M., and 7
o'clock I'. M.
Second Presbyterian Church, corner of South Han
over and Pomfret etreets. Itev..lnlin 0 Riles, Pastor.
Services commence at o'clock, A. M., and 7 o'clock
P.M.
St. John's Church, (Prot. Episcopal) northeast angle
of Centre Square. Roy. it .1 Clore, Rooter. Sorrier,
at 11 o'clock A. M., and 7 o'clock, P. M.
English Lutheran Church, Bedford, between Main
end Louther streets. Rev. Sam'l Sprockor, Pastor. Ser
vices at 11 o'clock A. M., and 63. o'clock P. 11.
German Reformed Church. Louthor ' between Ham
over and Pitt streets. Rov. Samuel Philips, Pastor.
Services at 11 o'clock A. M., and 6 o'clock P. M.
Methodist E. Church (first charge) corner of Main
and Pitt Streets. Rev. Thomas IT. Sherlock, Pastor.
Services at 11 o'clock A. M.. and 7 o'clock P. M.
Methodist B. Church (second charge,) Rev. S. I.
Bowman, Pastor. Services in Emory M. B. Church al 1
o'clock A. 11., and 314 P. M.
Church of Rod Chapel. South West ear. of West St.
and Chapel Alloy. Rev. B. B. Beck, Pastor. Services
at 11 a, m., and 6 1 ,2 p.lO.
St. Patrick's Catholic Church, Pouirrot near lastst.
Rev Pastor. Services every other Sab
bath. at . 10 o'clock. Vespers at 3 P. M.
German Lutheran Church, corner of Pomfret and
Bedford stroote. Rov C. Fritz°, Pastor. Services at
1 o'clock P. M.
vs:When changes In the above are necessary the
roper peraor s are requested to notify us.
DIOK.INSON COLLEGE
R"dv:ifortritn johnsOn, D. D., President and Pro.
tensor of Moral Science and Biblical Literature.
Samuel D. Ili[intim, A. M,, Professor of Mathematics.
John K. Staymtn, A. M., Professor (Atha Latin and
French Languages.
lion. James 11. Graham, LL. D., Professor of Law.
Charles F. Dimes. A. M., Professor ,f Natural Sci
ence au a Curator of the Museum.
Rev. James A. McCauley, A. M., Professor of the
Greek and German Languages.
Rev. Bernard 11. Nati/ill, D. D , Professor of Philoso
phy and thaglish Language,
Rev. Henry C. Cheston, A. M . Principal of the
Grammar School.
A. M. Trimmer, Principal of the Commercial Depart
ment.
C. Watson McKeehan, Ass', taut in Grammar School,
and Teacher of Penmanship.
THE MARY INSTITUTE
CORPORATION :—Tho Rector, Wardens and Vestrymen
of St. John's Church Carlisle.
The Rev. F. J. Clore, D. 0., Rector and Treasurer.
• Mrs. John R. Smead, Principal.
Miss U. E. Webster, Vico Principal.
Miss A. E. Donkersley, Instructor in Languages.
Miss L. L. Webster, Instructor in Mathematics and
Vocal Music,
Mrs. M. M. lige, Teacher of Piano.
Miss E. Graham, Teacher of DERR ing Painting-
Rev. B. Philips, Lecturer on Elocution and Psychol
ogy.
•
BOARD OF SCIIOOL DIRECTORS
E. Common, President, James Hamilton, 11. Saxton.
R. 0. Woodward, Henry Newsham. C. P. flumerleh.
Bect'y., 3.. W. Eby, Treasurer, John Nphar, Mossengor,
Meet on the lot Monday of each Month at 8 o'clock A.
M., at Education Hall.
CORPORATIONS
CenLIBLE DEPOSIT BANlL—President, It. M. Gender
son; Cashier, J. P. Hassler; Tellers, L. A. Smith and W.
A. Cox; Messenger, Jon. Underwood; Directors, R. M.
Henderson, President, It. C. Woodward, John U. Gor
gas John Stuart, jr., Abm. hooter, Henry Saxton,
Skilos Woodburn, J. J. Logan, Wm. IL Mullin.
FIRST NATIONAL Balm—President, S. Hepburn;
Cashier, J. O. Hoffer; Clerks, It, C. Snead, J. O. Orr,
L. It. Brenneman; S. Hepburn, Win. K err, J. S.Sterrete,
I. Brenneman, W. 11. Media, J. B. Laidig, W. F. Sad
ler, Dlrcators. Discount-day Tuesday.
COINIERLAND VALLEY RAILROAN OOMPANY.—Prefildeut,
Frederick Watts: Secretary and Treasurer, Edward
DI. Biddle Superintendent, 0. N. Lull. Passengei
trains three times a day. Carlisle Accommodation,
Eastward, leaves Carlisle 6.55 A. M., arriving at Car
lisle 5.20 Y. U. Through trains Eastward, 10.10 A, M.
and 2.42, P. M. Westward at 0.27, A. M., and 2.55 I'.
M. •
CARLISLE GAS AND WAI ER CoMPANY.— PrOSldant, Lem
uel Todd; Treasurer, A. L. Sponhier ; Superintendent
George Wise: Directors, F. Watti;, Wm. M. lieetem,
E. M. Biddle, Henry filaxtoni" R. C. Woodward, J. W.
Patton, F. Gardner and D. 6, Croft.
0
SOCIETIES
Cumberland Star Lodge N 0.197, A. Y. AL moots at
Marlon Hall on the 2nd and 4th Tuesdays of every
Month.'
St. John's Lodge No. 260 A. Y. M. Meets 3d Thurs
day of each month, atilarion
I CM , lisle' Lodge No. 91 I:O. of 0. F. Moots Monday
evening; at Troht's building. ' - ' -
Letort Lodge No. 63, I. 0. of CI. •T. Moots ovory
Thursday evening inlthoom's Hall, 3d story.
•'
FIRE COMPANIES
.
The Union Fire Company was organizod in 1789.
one& iu:Louther, between. Pitt and; lianover..
ThnSlunib'eriandlire.Clorapany was instituted Feb
18, 1899. Uouso In padford r betwoon Idslu.and Pore
tfTfrotO , :
Good Will Fire Company.. was instituted in
.;.,blarchl4lB6. Kongo In Pomfret, near Ilanovor.
The Empire look and Ladder Company was Install
. House in Pitt.. ntar
, e
RATES' 'QF FQBTAGE.
,P.ostage onnillotters of ono half ounce weight or
. under,3 cents pre paid.l
~,, , Posage on the 11.1DILALD within the County, free.
Within theißtate 13 cnatepor annum. To any part
f: -.'l of tho United States; 26.. cents • Postage on all tram;
Sinat , PaPecc , 2 cents Per'oUnCe. , AdTertiood letters to
be charged with coat of advertising.
,hits! SMiTH'S
Photographs Ambrotypes, Ivorytypes"
Beantifal , .
A1tr40 13 .1 /301pitifut thin:t i e?, 1
Albums far LarllSe and Goutlotheit: • "
• Albums for Mines, and toe
• • .Pooket .Albunas for„Soldleri and
aholtestlAtints I Pii3ttlest Chotinost 41bilmat
. FOR , CEERISTMAS GIFTS
Fresh and NeW from Now York and'Philndelphia
• • . " ' ' Mar '
ll' yOu Want . :Satisfactory Pictures and
Xpolite attention call at Mrs. It. A. Smith's Photo-.
graphic Gallery, South East Corner of Ilancrier Street
and- Market Square, opposite the Court HOMO and Posh
oMce, Carlisle, Pa.
Mrs. R. A. Smith well known as Mrs. R. A. Reynolds,
and so' ell' known as a: Daguorrean Artist,' gives per-.
sonal attention to Ladies and Gentlemen visiting her
Gallery - : and having the best of Artists and polite: at
-1941,:nts can 'Wel) , promise that la .no other Gallery
lose who favor her with a call 'get pictures supo
o hers, not even in New York or .Phlladelphlo, or
with more kind mid prompt attention.
brotypes Inserted in Rings, Lockets, 'Breast Pine,
`erfect.'cOples of DagueirotytMa'arid AmbroVpos
'•doceasegriends. Where:copies are ,defaead,
. ture my still be had, either forframes or
11 negatives preserved one year and orders
rwlsopromptlr attended to. ' • •
vita COOK,
ATHIC PHYSICIAN,
:a.ccOuptpur "
at
d! ,
, -$1 00
26 00
4 00
7 00
VOL. 65.
A. S. RHEEM. Publisher
itinihnthust.
THE FREEDMEN'S BUREAU.
The Bill as It was Passed by Congress and
Vetoed by the President.
The Freedmen's Bureau bill, as passed by
Congress and vetoed by the President, is as
follows :
SEcTrox 1. That the act to establish
bureau for the relief of freedmen and refu
gees, approved March 3, 1865, shall continue
in force until otherwise provided by law;
shall extend to refugees and freedmen in all
)arts of the United States ; and the Presi-
dent may divide the section of country con
taining such refugees and freedmen intc dis
tricts, each containing one or more States,
not to exceed twelve in number ; and, by
and'vvith the advice and consent of the Son-
ate, appoint an assistant commissioner for
each of said districts, who shall give like
bonds and receive the same compensation
nd i i)erform the same duties prescribed by
this and the act to which this is an amend
ment; or said bureau may, in the discret on
of the President be placed under a commis-
Toner and assistant commissioner, to be de
ailed from the army; in which event each
officers so assigned to duty shall serve with
out increase of sly or altowanees.
SEc. 2. That the Commissioner, with the
approval of the President, shall divide each
district into a number of sub-districts } not to
exceed the number of counties or parishes in
each State, and shall assign to each sub-dis
trict, at Yeast ono agent, either a citizen, of
ficer of the army, or enlisted man, who, if
an . .officer, shall servo without additional
compensation or allowance ; and if a citizen
or enlisted man, shall shall receive a salary
not exceeding per annum ; and such
gent shall, before entering on the duties of
his Ake, take tho oath pt•escribcd in the
first section of the act to which this an a
mendment. Each a , sistant commissioner
may employ not exceeding six clerks, of the
third class and five of the first class ; and
ouch agent of a sub-district may employ two
clerks of the first class. And the President
of the United States, through the War Dc-
partment and the Commissioner, u shall ex
tend military juriadietion and protection over
all tho employees, agents and officers of this
bureau in the oxercise of the duties imposed
or authorized by this net or the act to which
this act is supplementary.
Sic. 3. That the Secretary of War may di-
rect such issues of provisions, clothing, fuel
and other supplies, including medical stores
and traniportation, and afford such aid, mod-
ical or otherwise, as he may deem needful
for the immediate ntid temporary shelter and
supply of destitute and suffering refugees and
freedmen and their wivesand children, un
der such rules and regulations us ho may di
rect. But no person shall be doomed desti
tute, suffering or dependent upon the gov
ernment for support, within the moaning of
this net, who, being able to find employment,
can by proper industry and exertion avoid
such destitution, suffering or dependency.
SFr. 1: That the President be authorized
to reserve from sale or from settlement, un
der the homestead or pre-emption laws, and
to set apart for the use of freedmen and lop-
all retingees, unoccupied public lands in Flo
rida, Missikippi and Arkansas, not exceed
ing in all three millions of acres of good land;
and the Commissioner, under the direction
of the President, shall cause the same, from
time to time, to be allotted and assigned, in
parcels not exceeding forty acres each, to the
loyal refugees and freed Men, who shall be
protected in the use and enjoyment theecof
for such term of time and at such annual
rent as may be agreed upon between the
Commissioner and such refugees and freed
men. The rental shall be based upon a val
uation of the land, to be ascertained in such
manner ae the Commissioner may, under di
rection of the President, by regulation pre
scribe, at the end of such term, or sooner if
the Commissioner shall assent thereto. The
occupants of any parcels so assigned may
purchase land and receive the title thereto
from the United States in foe upon paying
therefore the value of the land, ascertained
as aforesaid.
SEc. 5. That the occupants of land under
Major General Sherman's special field order
dated at Savannah, January 16, 1865, aro
hereby confirmed in their possessions 'for the
period of throe years from the date of said
order, and no person shall bo disturbed in
or ousted from said possession during said
three years, unless a settlement shall bo
made with the said occupant by the owner
satisfactory to the Commissioner of the
Freedmen's Bureau, provided that whenever
the former owners of lands occupied under
. Major General Sherman's field order shall
make application for,restoration of the lands,
the Commissioner is hereby authorized, upon
the agreement and with the written consent
Of the occupants, to procuro other lands for
thern, 'l4 rent or purchase, not exceeding
forty acres for each occupant ; or to sot apart
for them, out of the public lands assigned for
that purpose in section fourth of the bill,
forty acres each, upon the terms and condi
tions therein named.
n.
SEC. 6. That, the Commissioner shall,
under the direction of the President, procure
in the name of the United States, by grant
or purchase, such lands within the districts
aforesaid as tnity 'be *required for refugees
'and freedmon'depondent;en thq government
for support, and he shall provide or, cause to
be built suitable tisylufii'e and school's'. But
sui, sub purelaeo made, shall be nor contract
for the saheoUntered upon, nor other expense
incurred, until after appropriations sh all have
been provided by Congress for the general
"purposes of this fief, out Of which payments
for said landsishall bb made; And the Odin
missionerfirall cause such lands from time
to. time' t it. be valued, allotted, assigned . and
,sold, in the manner and form provided: in
the .proeeding section, provided_ always
the i said ; Ands shall, not be sold for, less than
the cost thorOof,to thq Csnited:Stalos.!
Sec. 7. That—whenever in any State ;or
district in which the ordinary course of in.
dicial , probeedlogs haA been interrupted lby
the rebellioni'dnd: wherein, lin' collect:Owe ,
of any State or local Jalw,lerdinatice, pol!co
or.other regulation, cuetbm or prejudice, any ,
of the Oval rights or inintunjttes belopg4e
..to •Intita.'persorre, , includirig• , the', right p , '
make arid:oliforce•generai , •eontraets - ,tto:eury ,
to bo parties_and- givo _ eVidettp OP anherit i ,
Turchaseailease; aelg , lold And ebnvey real'
1:).
and pa
eaPproEorty; And totlivolull'a dr ,
oval benefit of All lamp anittideedding or
_
1111
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the security of person and estate, are refused
or denied to nogroes, mulattoes or freedmen
or refugees, or any other persons on account
of race, color or any previous condition of
slavery or involuntary servitude, except
a-punishment for 'rime whereof the party
shall have been duly convicted, or wherein
they or any of them are subjected to any
other or different punishment, pains or pen
alties for the commission of any act or of
fence than are prescribed for white persens
committing like acts or offences, it shall be
the duty of the President of the United
States, through the Commissioner, to extend
military rotection and jurisdiction over all
cases affeciing such persons so discriminated
agains t._
Sec. 8. That any person who, under color
of arty State or local law, ordinance, police
or other regulation or custom, shall, in any
State or district in which' the ordinary course
of judicial proceedings has been interrupted
by the rebellion, subject or cause to be sub
jected any negro, mulatto, freedmen, refugee
or other person, on account of race or color
or any previous condition of slavery or In
voluntary servitude, except as a punishment
for crane whereof the party shall have been
duly convicted, or for any other cause, to
the deprivation of any civil right secured to
white persons, or to any other or different
punishment than white persons are subject
to for the commission of like acts or offences
shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor,
and be punished by a fine not exceeding one
thousand dollas, or imprisonment not exceed
ing one year, or both ; rind it shall he the
duty of the officers and agents of this bureau
to take jurisdiction of and hear and deter
mine all offences committed against the pro
visions of this section, and also of all cases
affecting ucgroes, mulattoes, freedmen, re
fugees or other persons who are discrimin
ated against in any of the particulars men
tioned in the preceeding section of this act,
.under such rules and regulations as the
President, through the War Department,
shall prescribe The jurisdiction conferred
by this section on the officers and agents of
this bureau is to cease and determine when
ever the discrimination on account of which
it is conferred ceases, and in no event to be
exercised in any State in which the ordinary
course of judicial proceedings has not been
interrupted by the rebelion, nor is any State..
after it shall have been fully restored in all
its constitutional relations to the 'United
States, and the courts of the State and of
the United States within the same are not
thstrbedor 'stopped in the p.aocable course
of justice.
THE VETO MESSA GE OF PRES
IDENT JOHNSON.
n the Senate of the United States: I have
examined with care the bill which originated
in the Senate, and has been passed by the
two Houses of Congress, to amend an act
entitled, "An act to establish a bureau for
the retie' of Freedmen and refugees; and for
otherpurposes." Having, with much regret,
come to the conclusion that it would not be
consistent with the public welfare to give
my approval to the measure, I return the bill
to the Senate with my objections to its be-
coming a law.
I might call to mind in advance of these
objections that there is no immediate neces
sity fur the proposed measure. The act to
establish a bureau for the relief of freedmen
and refugees, ich was approved in the
month of March last, has not yet expired.
It was thought stringent and extensive e
nough for the purpose in view. Before it
ceases to have effect, further experience may
assist to guide us to a wise conclusion us to
the policy to:be adopted in time of peace.
1 have, with Congress the strongest de
sire to secure to the freedmen the full enjoy
ment of their freedom and their property,
and their entire independence and equality
in making contracts for their labor. But
the bill before me contains provisions which,
in my ()pillion, are not warranted by the
Constitution, and are not well suited to ac
complish the end in view. The bill proposes
to establish, by authority of Congress, mili
tary jurisdiction over all parts of the United
States containing refugees and freedmen. It
would, by its very nature, apply with most
force to those parts of the United States in
which the freedmen most abound ; and it ex
pressly extends the existing temporary juris
diction the Freedmen's Bureau, with great
ly enlarged powers, over those States in
which the ordinary course of Judicial pro
ceedings has beesi interrupted by the Rebel
lion. The source from which the, military
jurisdiction is to emanate is none other than
the President of the United States, acting
through the War Department and,tlie Com
missioner of the Freedmen's Bureau. The
agents to carry out this miltary jurisdiction
aro to be selected either from the army or
from civil life. The country is to bo
ed into districts and subdistricts, and' the'
number of salaried agents to be employed
may 'be equal to the number of counties or
parishes in all the United States whore freed
men and refugees are to be found. The sub
jects over which this military jurisdiction is
to extend in every part of the United Stntes,
include protection to all employees, agents
and officers of this Bureau in the exercise 'of
the duties impoSed . Upon theni by the, bill.
In.ll States.it 'is ftirther to , extend over till
cases affecting 'freedmen and refUg4s
eriminated'agraiist custom er' ,
prejudice. Iri fheSe 11 States the' biil, 41.1b,-
jects any white per Son who'may' he 'charged ,
with depriving a froedideu of any niVAI rights
dr immunities belonging to white persons, to'
imprisonment or fine,, or bntli,livlthout„'howr . ,
over; 'defining the' civil rights and in:mini.
ties which are thus to be secured to the freed
men by military This miltary juris
dietion also extends to all questions that'may.
arise respecting contracts. The agent, who
.is thus to einireiso the °tilde of ' 9;111044y,
judgei'lis& be a'Stranger, entirely igndrini,
9rthe laiveof the place; 'Mid oxiiesed. to the
errors of judgment; - te' mon - 4O lie
bl 6. The exereise •of power, over Which'
there is no legate eiiperVision; 6y so Vitsf.;4
•if,timber rob - age:nts' as is:'eonteinplatecl by the
by , the Very-nature bt-rnitri;'lie.at-
Aendnd,by- gets of enpricOirinjustice pasL, -
sings= The trial's; liaviing their-origin:under
this bill; arelo.tako' place WiilioUt' the
vontWfi o'llo, find Witt:Mi.' making ' any
hid/ rules .Of , •lo.lkr iir'int;iderMO." l -" The rules,
on ~dhioh offenses fire litiaia anitdefermined.
by the iitipleibtiatgentii ieles'Ond
,dieguintilohOi ttiLtie:Tietidatt tint
7 -
~'.il;.j l 1'..l ~:
„~1
=II
Carlisle, Pa., Friday, March 2, 1866
War Department, shall prescribe. No pre
vious presentment is required, nor any' in
dictment charging the commission o f a crime
against the laws ; but the trial must proceed
on charges and specifications. The punish
ment will be not what the law dech;res, but
such as a court-martial may , think proper,
And from these arbitrary tribunals there lies
no appeal—no writ of error to any of the
Courts in which the Constitution of the
United States vests exclusively the judicial
power of the country ; while the territory
and the class of actions and offenses that are
made subject to this measure are so extensive
the bill itself, should it become a law, will
have no limitation in point of time, but will
form a part of the permanent legislation of
the country. I cannot reconcile a 'sysfem of
military jurisdiction of this kind with the
words of tho Constitution which declare that
"No person shall be hold to answer for a
capital or otherwise infamous crime unless
on a presentment or indictment of a grand
jury except in cases arising in the land or
naval forces or in the militia when in actual
service in time of war or public danger ;"
and that "in all criminal prosecution the ac
cused shall enjoy the right •to a speedy and
public trial by an impartial jury of the State
or district wherein the critne shall have been
committed."
The safeguards which the wisdom and ex
perienco of ages taught our fathers to estab
lish as securities for the protection of the in
nocent, the punishment of the guilty and the
equal administration of justice aro to be s'et
aside, and for the sake of a more vigorous in
terposition in behalf of justice we are to take
the risk of the many acts of injustice that
would of necessity follow from an almost
countless number -of agents established in
every parish or county in nearly a third of
the States of the Union, over whose decision
there is to be no supervision or control by
the federal courts. The power that would
be thus placed in the hands of the President
is such as in time of peace certainly ought
never to be intrusted to any one man. If it
be asked whether the creation of such a tri
bunal Wiltin a State is warranted as a mea
sure of war, the question immediately pre
sents itself whether we are still engaged in
war. Lot us not unnecessarily disturb the
commerce and credit and industry of the
country by declaring to the American peo-
ple and the world that the United States are
still in condition of civil war. At present
there is no part of our country in which the
authority of the United States is disputed.
Offenses that may be committed by individ
uals should not work a forfeiture of the rights
of the same communities. The country has
entered or is returning to a state of peace and
industry, and the Rebellion is in fact at an
end. The measure, therefore, seems to be as
inconsistent with the actual condition of the
country, as it is at variance with the Consti
tution of the United States.
If passing from general considerations, we
examine the bill in. detail, it is open to
weighty objections. In time of war it was
eminently proper that we should provi le for
those who were passing suddenly from a con
dition of bondage to a state of freedom. But
this bill proposes to make the Freedmen's
Bureau, established by the act of 1865 as one
of the many great and e“raordinary mili
tary measures to suppress a formidable Re
bellion, a permanent branch of the public
administration with its powers greatly en
larged. I have no reason to suppose, and I
do not understand it to Ite alleged that the
act of March, 1865, has p'roved deficient for
the purpose for which it was passed, although
at that time and for a considerable period
thereafter the Government of the United
States remained unacknowledged in most of
the States whose inhabitants had been in
volved in the Rebellion. The institution of
Slavery for the military destruction of which
the Freedmen's Bureau was called into ex-
isteneo as an au x i 1 iary force, has been already
effectually and finally abrogated throughout
the whole country by an Amendment of the
Constitution of the United States, and prac
tical' y its eradication has received the assbnt
and concurrence of most of those States in
which it at any time had existed. lam not,
therefore, able to discern in the country any-,
thing to justify an apprehension that the
powers and agencies of thu Freedmen's Bu
reau which wore effective for the protection
of freedmen and refugees during the actual
continuation of hostilities, and of African
Servitude will now, in a time of peace, and
after the abolition of Slavery, prove inade
quate to the same proper ends. 'lf lam
correct in these views, there can be no ne
cessay for the enlargement of the powers .f
the bureau, for which provision is made in
the bill. The third section of the bilrauthor
izes a general and unlimited grant of support
to the destitute and suffering refugees 'and
freedmen and their wives and children.
Succeeding sections.rnahe provi,shms'fOr the
rent or mirehase; Of landed estates for freed
men, and for the erection, for their benefit,
of suitable buildings for asylums and schools,
the expenses to be defrayed from the treas
ury of the whole people, The Congress of
the United .States has never heretofore
thought itself competent to establish any'
laws beyond tite limits of the District of Col
umbia except for the benefit of our disahled
soldiers and sailors. has never fotinded
schools fon any class of our '01,9/1 people, l not
eves for the' orphans:of those whe
en fn the defense of , the ,'Vniori,„buthas 194,
'the Mire yf iheir education to the. much more
competent and efficient control'of the States', ,
• ofbointinitieS, of private asseffia l ti
in omi, and
'of individiaffigi. It ,has never ; deetried. itself
.atithorized to expend tho public -rnoney' t for .
the rent'o'r purchase of hrimes for' thd thou- .
•santhr; not to say, ririllhins, Qt:, the white face'
w,tei are honestly toiling • from day ft)
for their subsistence. A . . systemfor the sup-
,port of indigent persons in the United'Stateis'
was never contemplato:4„4, tliki authors of
,t l 4r‘an any good reason.
be Advanced why, as a permanent establiih
merit, it Shotildi be foinided . for t ono olris~ or`
. 9019i' of 9 111 ` . :•1 00 P 1 0'InT9' tb in fo'r
Tonying.thp v,%M. many yefugees and freedrnen
received„ supPort,frnrrr the.9ov.eihtnent:; ?fit
it, was - never intended • that' they shOnld
_henceforth ' . be fed, clothed, educated and
-sheAt:orecihrtile United•Eitates. . The ideal on
, - whieh..tho slaives Aiore :assigllod to fieedimf
wriey that on beeotaing free ,they , Woina he-;!
cone a t3elf:Auetainh3g Arty 10g;.;
teat A4ll , implpthat are dot-
attqii . rielf=dinitaii,xl4e
to their character and their prosperity. The
appointment of an agent for every county
and parish will create an immense patronage,
and the expense of the numerous officers and
their clerks to be appointed by the" President
Will be great in the beginning, with a ten
dency steadily to increase. The appropria
tions asked by the Freedmen's Bureau as
now established for the year 1866, amount
to $11,745,000. It may be safely estimated
the cost to be incurred under the pending
bill will require double that amount, more
than the entire sum expended in any one
year under the administration of the second
Adams. If the presence of agents in every
parish and county is to be considered as a
war measure, opposition, or even resistance
might be provoked, so that to give effect to
their jurisdiction, troops would have to he
stationed within reach of every one of them,
and thus a large standing force be rendered
necessary. Largo appropriations would
therefore be "required to sustain and enforce
military jurisdiction in every county or par
ish from the Potomac to the Rio Grande.
The coi_dition of our fiscal affairs is encour
aging, but in order to sustain the present
measure of public confidence, it is necessary
that we practice not merely chstomary econ
omy, but, as far as possible, secure retrench
ment. In addition to the objections already
stated, the fifth section of the bill proposes to
takeaway land from its former owners with
out any legal proceedings being first had,
contrary to that prevision to the Constitution
which declares that no person shall bo de
prived of life, liberty or property without
due process of law. It does not appear that
a part of the lands to which this section re
fers may not be owned by minors, or persons
of unsound mind, or by those who have neon
faithful to all their obligations as citizens
of the United Stntes. Fr any portion of the
land is held by such persons, it is not com
petent for icy authority to deprive them of
on the other hand, it be found that
the property is liable to conlisention, even
then it cannot be appropriated to public pur
poses until, by due process of law, it shall
have been declared forfeited to the Govern
ment.
There are still further objections to the
bill, on grounds seriously affecting the class
of persons to whom it is designed to bring
relief. It will tend to keep the mind of the
freedmen in a state of uncertain expectation
and restlessness, while to those among whom
he lives it will be a source of constant Rid
vague apprehension. Undoubtedly the freed
men should be protected, but he should be
protected by the civil authorities, especially
by tho exercise of all the Constitutional
powers of the Courts of the United States
and of the States. His condition is not so
exposed as may nt first be imagined. He is
in a portion of the country where his labor
can not well be spared. Competition for
his services from planters, from thcfse who
arc constructing or repairing railroads, or
from capitalists in his vicinage, or from
other States, will enable him to command
almost his own terms. He also possesses a
perfect right to change hi, place of abode,
and if, therefore, he does not find in one
community or_ State a mode of life suited to
his desires, or proper remuneration for his
labor he can move to another whe'o labor
is more esteemed and better rewarded. In
truth, hoWever, each State, induced by its
own wants and interests, will do, what is
necessary and proper to retain within its
borders all the labor that is needed for the
development of its resources. The laws
that regulate supply and demand will main
tain their force, and the wages of the laborer
will be regulated thereby. There is no
danger that the great. demand for labor will
'not opera to in favor of the laborer. Neither
is sufficient consideration given to the ability
of the freedmen to protect and take care of
themselves. It is no more than justice to
them to believe that, as they have received
their freedom with moderation and forbear
ance, so they will distinguish themselves by
their industry and thrift, and soon show the
world that in a condition of freedmen they
are self-sustaining and capable of selecting
tlmir own employment and their own places
of abode ; of insisting for themselves on a
proper remuneration, and of establishing
and, maintaining their own asylums and
schools. It is earnestly hoped that, instead
of wasting away, they will, by their own ef
forts, establish for themselves a condition
of respectability and prosperity. It is cer
tain that they can attain to that condition
on)y through their own merits and exertions
An this connection' the query presents itself
, whether the system proposed by the hill
will not, when put into complete opelittion;
practically transfer the entire care, support
and control of four millions of emancipated
slaves to agents, overseers or tnekmasters,
who appointed : tit; Washington, are to he
located in every county and parish through-
out the United States, containing freedmen
and refugees. Such a system would inevi
tably tend to snoh.a concentration of power
in the Executive which would enable him,
if so disposed, to control the action of a
numerous class, and use them for the attain
ment of his own political ends.
I cannot but addAnotbor very grave of
joction to , thie bill. The Coristiti tion im
perativ4rdeOlares in 'connection •with
t onbll State, s hall h ave at leant Ono
44resentative,,undq. fixes the, rule ler. the
number to; whiclr,in future limes each State
shall be-entitled, It also provides tht4
Senat'e,ei l the:, Unlted . States
posed 9 i two Senators tram call) State, and,
adds .witit•pecellar force , that no State with
.out its consent shall be deprived of its equal ,
su'lfrageirt
, the'Seriate. 'original act
‘ , 4 l 3: l : l ?PeaearilY Paesed in . the ahsenee,of the
Statesichielir.to lbe affected, ;because thOir'
people' were
in 0611.6bellina.,'f 9it .04e , pil.,se ie cliiiaged;:
.and Beni39,at least of,,tbe States are attending,
:Congress , *by loyal.Representatirest:,soliCit
log the allowance of the.,constitatioiekt.igni„
of -'A r t.'t l. 4ordi '. ll* ,dr i
the consideration and .tho passing,of.the,
there witui..no ,Senator:or Itepreeentativel 4 1 / 2 1 .
Con g ress' Statee,'Whih'er'.,e'be, plainly affec~ed by ; its, proyistons. ; , The to
.very fact ~.that reports. were And Are., made;
,against the goit'clispositren of ;the'. vitu4ry
is'an addltionalfr'eation. - •Wily:theiileep dad
: uropgioes to explain their.coutlitioni reply , tn,
..acansatioiri and •assist by; their locell.no*1”
-clidglyOr the' . .'i?t'ftictliigbf,t?neastifeitiinme4l4'
"ntelY' &the 8; Witll,olllah'lllitSiti
BEEMION
, 1 .i Il'
•')!! it fiJi":l
. .
N ,. 'L 1 '-.. .
~,e : 1 ..,,-, ,
. i,"_ 1 1,1 : ; : ,, 1 ; ,-.... '.
1
..._... . , ..__ . • ' , ~/,..... i
(.
. ,
,
TERMS:--$2,00 in Advance, or 182,60 within the year.
of deliberation would then be free, end Con-
gress would have full power to decide
according to its judgment,. There could ho
no objections urged that the States most in
terested had not been permitted to be heard.
The principle is firmly fixed in the minds of
the American people that there should be
no taxation without representation. Groat
burdens are now to be borne by all the
country, and we may best demand that they
shall be bornewithout murmur when they
are voted by a majority of the representatives
of all the people. I would not interfere with
the unquestionable right - of Congress to•
judge, each House for . itself, of the elections
returns and qualifications of its own mem
bers. But that authority cannot be construed
as including the right to shut out, in time
of peace, any State from the representation
to which it is entitled by the Constitution.
At present all the people of eleven States
are excluded. Those who were most faith
ful during the war not less than others.—
The State of Tennessee, for instance,
whose authorities engaged in rebellion, was
restored to all her Constitutional relations . :
to the Union by the patriotism and energy
of her injured and betrayed people. Before
the war was brought to a termination they
had placed thernselv,es in reltition with the
General Government had established a State
Government of their own, and, as they were
not included in the Emancipation Procla
mation they, by their own act, bad amended
their Constitution so as to abolish Slavery
within the limits of their State. I know no
reason why the State of Tennessee, for ex
ample, should not fully enjoy all her Con
stitutional relations to the United States.
The President of the United States stands
toward the country in a somewhat different
attitude from that of any member of Con
gress chosen from n single district or State.
Eleven States are not at this time represen
ted in either branch of Congress. It would
seem to he his duty on all proper occasions
to present their just claims to Congress.
There always will be differences of opinion
in the community, and individuals may be
guilty of transgressions of the law but these
do not constitute valid objections against the
right of a State to representation. I would
in no wise interfere with the discretion of
Congress with regard to the qualifications of
members ; but I hold it my duty to recom
mend to you, in the interests of peace and in
the interests of the Union, the admission of
every State to its share of public legislation,
when, however insubordinate, insurgent or
rebellious its people may have been, it pre
sents itself not only in an attitude of loyalty
and harmony, but in the persons of repre
sontati es whose loyalty cannot be question
ed under existing constitutional or legal test.
It is plain that an indefinite or permanent
exclusion of any part of the country from
representation must be attended by a spirit
of disquiet and complaint. It is unwise and
dangerous to pursue a course of measures
which will unite any large section of the
country against another section of the (sm-
try, 00 matter how much the latter miry pre
dominate. Tho course of immigration, the
development of industry and business, and
natural causes will raise up at the South men
as devoted to the Union as those of any other
part of the land. But if they are all exclu
ded from Congress; if in a permanent statute
they are declared not to be in full constitu-
oral relations to the country, they may
think they have cause to become a unit in
feeling and 9 entiment against the Govern
ment. Under the political education of the
American people, the idea is inherent and
ineradicable that the consent of the majority
of the whole people is necessary to seoure a
willing acquiescence in legislation. The bill
under consideration refers to certain of the
States as though they had not " been fully
restored in all their constitutional relations
to the United States." If they have not, let
us at once act together to secure that desira•
blelearliest
enc at possible moment. It
is hardly necessary for ins to inform Con
gress that, in my own judgment, most of
those States. -so far, at least, as depends upon
their action—have already been fully restor
ed, and are to be deemed to be entitled to
enjoy their constitutional rights as members
of the Union. Reasoning from the Consti
tution itself, and from the actual situation of
the country, I feel nut only entitled but
bound to assume that, with tho Federal
courts restored in the several States, and in
the full exercise of their functions, the rights
and interests of all classes • of the people will,
with the aid of the military in cases of re
sistance to the law, be essentially protected
against unconstitutional infringement and
violation. Should this expectation unhap
pily fail, which I do not anticipate, then the
Executive is already armed with the Po ‘ wqrs
conferred, by thp''a,Ct * l arch, 'lOO4, estah
liShirig the Freedmen's Bureau; and hereaf
ter, as heretofore, he can employ the land
and naval forces of the country to suppress
insurrection and to overcome obstructions to
the laws.
I return the bill to the Senate in the earn-,
est hope that a measure involving , qUestions
and interests so important Jo the nountry
will not become a law unless upon'deliberaie
consideration by:the people it shall reeel,ve
ilia sanction of 41 - 1 enlighteped„pUhlio4ulg.
went,
• , • !.,,k*DRZW, Jonwi
Washington, Di 04 Fob: 100866:',,A
Ztf.#. TXMMBUtiII'i3I"REy,EV..W
77- ' 7I:7— T — FTO 77 VP*O"
;tarolY tiles a ,niete digliiitediieogenty ` con ;
'elusive argument v lieen-eddreaSed , to" either ,
House' 6f Congress Mr. Truinhiillslre r ,
view of the Prosident'l3lifes.?qge
Freediiieff'sbill.
gives .,,yprngy:p
es the P ,, liowing snetituit.i of
its propositions 1,-10 , .;.1 c
That the ., bill itself va3.ihEpir(i4Cbs ,
annual ,measa6o of the:Piesicien l tOt l the *Pni r ,
'tad deliyerou to Pop'gFessAt,tlepitli,,
menceinent of. the present ; session,,,i T i keit /
fineestigorlit, ieineinberetiv ex,presseda,
desite.upon'tho`pdit of the Pilesldent tolso.!
peip, all men. in thelr i rlghts, 7 end, tq ?protect,
tile freedmen in.all the privihigesvieranteed
to thorn milder the': !•:inariei nation Frock% tiaa -
;'' ari d;'• in' the dg out'oi ; sl4l r;'.':ttimn -
' bull and thirty-six Sepstisys whooted
hint fsr 25 t h Of l J:pty,?ry;, the p'rO
rfs.loiy3
toneeomplialt;these objects.
IT; That it *ai , as, the l!residerit ak , ers ? ,
' allibiY6ii l 4! , * l /0/ 4 1: 130 t'
NO44lithe Fieedthews
," Lii w
"• \ .'l ,
.1" -",l , littit •:" '
Fll . l l • r
'Oll.lll
Bureau is, now acting, and which had the
sanction of the Executive himself, as well as
the approval of the great majority of the
loyal people, of the cOuntry. Ae an amend
ment, it removes many of the objectionable
feisturet of the Bureau as now organized,
simplifying its ramilleations and making it
more efficient.
111. That it was not intended as a perma
nent part of the administrative policy of the
Government—one of its :sections expressly
stating, on the contrary, that it shall remain
in force "until otherwise provided for by
law," just as all other laws of Congress are
supposed to do. The wonder is that the Pre
sident ever thought of making such an ob
jection to it as this. No such idea over en
tered the mind of any person who supported
and voted for it.
IY. That, instead of being an extravagant
and unnecessary expense to the Government,
it has indirectly saved us millions of dollars
which would otherwise have been wasted.
V. That the Bureau did not contoniplate
feeding, clothing and edacating the refugees
and freedmen, but was rather intended to
assist them in doing all these thingS for
themselves.
VI. That instead of it being designed ex
clusively for negroes, more Whites have, in
some sections and in many instances, been
henefitted by it than ,Blacks, and that the
preportion of Whites still needing its assist
ance is equal to that of the negroes.
VII. That there was an immediate ne
cessity for the passage of the bill, because the
original act creating the Bureau expires by
limitation in the month of May, WIG,.
VIII. That instead of establishing mili
tary jurisdiction over all parts of the United
States containing refugees and freedmen, it
simply extends it over the officers and em
ployees of the bureau. And that in accord
ance with the recommendation of General
Grant, in his report to the President of his
tour through the South, transmitted to the
Senate with a message a few weeks ago, it
makes the Bureau a part of the War Depart
ment of the GovernMent.
IX. That the bill did not contemplate the
appointment of agents and other officers in
every county or parish, except the President
should, in his judgment, deem such appoint
ments noway.
X. That what the President terms the un
constitutional features of the bill, conferring
arbitrary powers upon the officers of the Bu
reau, go no further than the President him.
self and the officers of the army acting under
him have already gone ; and that it is com
petent for Congress to provide all rules and
regulations for the government of the army
and navy, to which all are subject, from the
Commander-in-Chief to the humblest soldier
XI. That, if the Rebellion is in all, re
spects at an end, the President is still exer
cising the war power, such as the suspension
of the writ of habeas corpus, contrary to the
Constitution, which expressly states that this
shall only be suspended in time of invasion
or rebellion; and, as we have no invasion,
and the writ is not in operation in a portion
of the States, we mast have a rebellion.
X IT. That, according to the census of
ItinO, there were not four million of ,Inves
in the - United Stntes, and that instead of this
being a measure to feed, clothe, and educate
four millions of freedmen, the report of Gen.
Howard shows that at no tine was there
more than one hundred and forty-seven
thousand persons under the care of the Bu
reau, fifty-seven thousand of whom woes
White refugees.
XIII. That, according to the sworn state
ment of Gen. Fisk before the Committee on
Reconstruction, of the twenty-five thousand
persons fed by the Bureau in Tennessee,
seventeen thousand five hundred were White
refugees
XIV. That instead of the freedman recei
ving protection from the civil Courts of the ,
Southern States, and being secured by them
in his rights, those States have, almost with
out exception, enacted through their legisla
tures laws with reference to the freedmen as
infamous and oppressive as the 'Mach - code of
slavery.
XV. That, if the President's views regard
ing the representation of the late Rebel
States in Congress is correct, then all the le
gisinon of the past five years t , null and
void.
Such wore tho main points in Sonator
Trumbull's speech, sot forth with unusual
power and eloquence.
Hon. Thaddeus Stevens from a
Southern Point of View.
The correspondent,of the Richmond ( V a. )
Republic, in describing the scene in the House.
of Hypresentativ,rs id . Washington on ..the
V , .Ei; , ,. PAP i - Pl' . . . , . .. ,
Thad. Stevens arose in his place and IT
ported back from the Committee on Recon
struction the constitutional amendment, and
without .'change, except that it' makes no
mention of, directtaxes, and with this 'change
only, it reads examly, as I sentlit yesterday: ,
Stevens demanded 41,0, pcovious (Mestipm, 4
dozen inembers Sprang fo their feet,, propos
ing this; that'and the other; but Stevens was
exorable 4 ,atal and. 'den:land foe the previous
.question, en,:a „count of the. whole House ;
was seconded by a wide 01,73 to 4.9. , At this
stage; havirig the House entirely in his grasp,
- Stevens yietdoilthe'fliiet to'Schonek, of Ohio,
to. again .odor; his, amendment proposing; to
base reprqsili44M?:Pils suffrage,dind makingj
a minute.'4,.sp.eeett in its .behalf, left it tc its i
fate. I , ,Text,,Stiivensgave away flvemin tqs
to 13ohjirriiiri; of i laissoliri tvho' tocik his Seat
.again In less' than Abtit• ;Ohio' aftiir ' having'
molly demolished,tho,t3ohor9letpropositibny
It7l,9"oll.9,g'F,e4,P,Adipal a . i.ose a ii. his :place .
to spool;? the last words of the debate. Tbad T ,
difusd3te;ioniiii'biiii 'Who . ' has' Heed out the
:alleittadfyeaSs, ofjitnin; anti yet 'he boar's lite'
. signs; of: ogompon ?hire. :: ;Hili,' head,'itis tr i tie;''
is qgYSFS(I.-}yiAii,ii.liglq_h_rpwil _wig,_ttadi so
'far, he, is 4ocepive, biliJiis,face is fiirrowisd;
liiireni(ricikd'arceei liiiihtePllrni . ahilJeliiStic, ;
'his :voice:Strong add kiribr'okom'and all - those
~e, T P.'rPalitioe,:•.:9lisi;wallti it is 2ttiip;lsB:halt=''
mg, hut thit . hisioaaspd.hy the ,malformation
'elf one of 'ins f'est, and is. in no wise the re n ,
Ishii of ' ligo. - ' ''.A.sitte' Vein this ono' dined,ilie I
is, il thorn ugh ly;Woll-for lid ; ' physidaf Mite;
and ; Ids : thew chi in solculms: it were °litho grad!.
c.4°t,a 1 11 31 4.4 1 ° Sq(44l4 l s* 1 4.9q 1 k1i Will Lai 1 ,1 ) 0 ,
i se
'the ii 'olled,turil gianelliat he is. - . 1 .;
'' ITiiiill'diSiiiiStatradaUnotii'gril'eeftdspeideor:,;
/WV therojlsi 'done jintiife vfoecible'll,liado e: -
.-T.AQicinglin looc, lutditkolidstrongthOT ii-J
gument,, them is,pci:Enan•Aiyingov.hoortt ls.
'hitit power in the poer : of ridicule, and lavecti e.,
is
With' Wt:O H
these; r'cliokin : Wiiiiiinni, lie'li'ter i•:'
;bio.;! With n'ilozein - Vorclii,'lcrnfrinied' to ' the
, Jthroat with:Sarevistie :bitterithas,;ilm:dernpl - J ,
,ishel pia .mest.Farofnily.midideft)y,,propared,
'Of argiiiiieldS t and - with a tvall-timed srilr t
lie 'civorthrdwa - theineet livoulerit' of ''his' p- .
`laments:, k ' His.power.' or sribiiring ' inveatityn
-44 maat,fearrittAid rooktiwomfterftili!toid that
will it libqall.to-day; In fact, ho regaids •
*Won, iMplece ; who
eve falleLunder,liis the
'lihon edge ke,Veapon.
When ho began this morning the House
gathered arotnd„him as though an oracle
were-ahnut4n-deelare an irreversible edict.
The•Deniocrataicaree from their distant side
and ate'644intlently;w . hi4ithe scourged, lash.
ed, lacei'ittokYtOre;thautipiece-meal. Tho
Repuhlicaniovholad coats near him, kept
theiff tenaciously; arid. those who were far
r uff shared the. standing room of the aisles
with.the DemVerati.'' During all the time
he ! spokeA perfect stillness prevnded the en
tire House—floor and galleries. The Speak
er's post was for a time, a sinecure, and
genial Colfax leaned eagerly forward in his
chair, anxious as the rest to hear.. Radical
as ho is, vindictive as be is, remorseless as
he is, ho is an intellectual prodigy, and the
House, " withoutdistinction of race °reeler, "
paid him this homage.
Stevens began a - bitter tirade against the
President for ,sending to the country the
views he entertains' up,in the' question of
constitutional arnednment, which he did the
other day in the report of the Associated
Press. Stevens characterized it as an at
tempt to usurp legislative functions, which
none in the most lawless - days • of English
history would have cost the British King,
attempting it, his head— , . but," said Stevens,
"we are tolerant of usurpation." Again
and again, during his speech, did he refer
to this matter, each time denouncing the
President in the most bitter terms. .The
speaker spoke strongly in favor of the
amendment, said he had given up his own
chosen methods of amendment for the sake
of expediency, and called on the members
to do the same. He declared that Congress
never did have, and never would have, the
povier to regulate the suffrage in the States,
and it was idle to talk about it. He said
this amendment could be carried through
the requisite number of States—he did not
believe any other could. He declared
roundly his purpose, if he could, to keep the
Southern States out of participation in the
government for four or five years, and mean
time to educate the freedmen and make them
fit for voters, which he admitted they were
not now. He avowed his object to be to so
cut down the representation of the Southern
States that if they send secessionists to rep
resent them, they would be powerless for
evil even in conjunction with the Copper
heads who represent the Five Points and
other dark places, and, in this connection,
referred bitingly to the days when pistols
and knives Were drawn upon him in the
House while delivering just such a speech
as he made to-day. He scourged Raymond
in his most terrible style for the closing
sentences of his speech on Monday, and
having shown herein more of unrelenting,
unforgiving malice against the late rebels
than it was possible to conceive that any
one human breast could contain. Stevens
resumed his seat. Then the voting began,
and it was soon apparent that the greatest
triumph of the great Radical was on the
eve of accomplishment. The Shencli amend
ment was soon buried by a vote of thirty
nine for, to one hundred and thirty against,
still the yeas and nays were called on the
atitt.ndnient from the Reconstruction Com
rnittee, and the result was yeas, one huu
d red and twenty ; nays, forty-six. thu , ,
one hundred and sixty-six members voted,
anti it having two-thirds of those who voted,
t Speaker declared it passed.
lIM
NO. 9.
MEE
An Interesting Document
The sayings and doings of a distinguished
political prisoner, during his imprisonment,
are ever a subject of interest. The document
below, in the handwriting of the Hon. John
AL Botts, was, sent us some time since by a
gentleman inAhecountryrto whom Mr. Botts
bad given it. It will be found interesting
when we remember when and where It was
written. Read it:
Reasons, as They Passed Through my Mind
on the Night of the 27th April, 1862, as I
bay, After Eight Weeks, Solitary Con
jinement in a Negro Jail, as the Causes of
nay Coutinement :
Ist. 13eeno• - :0 I Would not aid in breaking
up the Union formed by Washington and
his compeers, which, from infancy, I had
been taught to venerate and adore as the
only sheet-r neh or of national greatness, pros
perity and freedom.
2d. Because I would not aid in the do
struction of the best Government the world
has ever looked upon.
3d. Because I would not aid in bringing
civil war, desolation and fajniip upon my
own section of the country.
4th. Because I would not aid in the dis
t»embertnent, impoVerishment and ruin of
my native State, and desolation of the whole
sih. Because I would not aid in theslaught
er of the hundreds of thousands that have
been and will be sacrificed.
GO. Because I would not, aid in breaking
p the social ties, and lire-long personal and
family intimacies that for generations have
existed.
7th.• Because 1 would not hid in making
idows and orphans unnumbered and un-
Bth. Because f would not aid in turning
the instincts of humanity into that of wolves
and other brutes.
lith. Because I would not, practice a low
deception and an unworthy tri, k, as thous
ands have done, from motives of selfishness,
ambition or fear.
10th. Because 1 would not adopt for my
or recommend for others, a policy by
which the fruits of a country's labor roust be
thrown away.
11th. Because I had the lirmn ass to ad
hero with tldelity to the principles I had
cherished and labored for thirty years to es
tablish, and which my State had just adopt
off-at the poll., but which. she renounced and
repodiared at the dictation of a daring and
corrupt Demeeraey.
12th. Because 1 preferred living under a
permanent and enduring government. to
,ma that was constructed on the prineiples
of a bomb shell containing the elements 01'
destruction within itself, that sooner or later
must explode, and leave a wreck behind.
Because I preferred a government
that would protect its citizens and their
property t. one that would oppress and rob
them.
Becuu.,c I. prefered rational civil
liberty, under a constitutional form of gov -
ornment, to a hateful military despotism.
16th. Bet:nose I would not sacrifice the
Lest interests of the people to perpetuate the
power of Democracy, under a Southern Con
frderaex, when, they had lost it under the
Natiotal Goviirnmait.
16th. Becau:;e 1 cared more for the Intel -
et:ts and freetn of the people than I did for
their caress and tried to take better care
of them than they did themselves.
17th. Because I would not become a Rebel
and It traitor to my country, when it had
done no harm to no or my State.
19th, and lastly. Because I was not born
either a fool or a knave.
Swindling Through the Postoffloe
The.' Washington edrreipondent of the ,
NeW 'fork Post says:
The iljstoffice Depart:hoot was compelled,
°nit day last week, to 'send 'hack fourteen
:hundred letters ton swiudler.in New•Jorsoy.
, Th.o. letters was estimated to contain not less
than' ,114,i10y, which had been drawn
,from
foothill people in various milts of the coult
tli.''"Ulider a 'regulation Of the. PostOtlice
Department,:wheneve: money is fraudulent-
A.Y.9.444 11 ed from people thr.ough,the post
officeihy rogues„ who llSS4mrtletitio,us names,
the letters are seized: The ,Illtiyors of Now
York and' 13i.o6lil:yn Laving' complained to
the department that, mnian in blew... Jersey
was making.use,of thuipbstmillep., for swin
dling.purposcsi ailetectly,e, was seat to ; the
sci•Of'd•Peratiorls,, seized these letters.
The: 'Word forifni‘ideld •htirearld' a number
'of :t drolopened, and nearly every one• ton
fromthree to live ; doltars,,, and .sioroe
a still, larger, amount,.
• eato.lning
intitAllo'facedle was foiiiid that th§persim to
letter's Were UddresSed was -it' 'real
'cbasacter;..that he had not assumed;
4,toua,natne, saidthat ; no, daw,,op ,regulation
of the department would justify the.; deten
o,f, the letters. Th ere .Wtia' mit't
letit'douht 'atit6 theffraudy yet ini'diii l thd-law
:it ;was considorad impossible to' onvict., The
perspn, yli9.,,,eharged
claimed - that at some time in the - futtAte ho
upecte4 to fill the orders sent , to 'and
iitrited•-'(which' WasArney' that. WhOeVer an
,e,wered hiEi•. circulars ',with , moriey-: - ;took.lthe
,theo h e
did mot'intend to Orward thezifts,raotorsed.
Thb deriairdent'intinidb'i f o'eall npoitt 'Oon
iresa; =Met 'inch
cafiea of swindling. •
l From the Richmond Republic.)