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611.1:r al aint'coranation.
U. S. GOVERNMENT
Promitiont —ANDREW JOIINHON,
Vice President—L. S. POWEIt,
Secretory of Stato--Wm.-ll.Smoto,
Secretory of luterlor—JAs. HARLAN,
secretary of Treasury—lli:oil McCuttoco,
Secretory of War—From; iII. STANTON,
secretory of Navy—Urosofi WEI.Lxs,
Post Master General—Wm. DENNISON.
ttornay General—JAmEs S. Srf:En.
•Chlel.JuKtlce of tho United notes—Sumo , ' P. CHASE.
, _ ST ATE GLOVE RN Al ENT.
Governor—ANonnw 0. CURTIN,
So rosary of Btatu—P.lLl SLIFER,
SuryoyorSionoral—JAuns Henn,
Oonoral—lsAne StEsnun,
Attorney Gonorol—Wsl. 11. \I
Adjutant. lioneral—A ItuovELL,
Moto Troasurer—llENtlY D. Moon n.
(Buie (J u • tie of the Supremo Court--U nu. W. WOOD
%VAUD
COUNTY OFFICERS.
Presider, t Judge—Hon. Jollies 11. Oration,.
Aqsociatu Judges—Uon. Michael Cocklln,
II ugh Stuart.
District Attorney—J. W. D. (Melon.
Prothonotory—Sonluel Shlrtnnan.
Clerk and itocorder—Ophraltri Common;
Register-000 W. North.
High Sheriff—John' Jacobs.
Co,fty Treasurer—Henry S. Ritter.
Coroner—David Smith.
County CoMMlsalonon—lienry Horns; John :1
!oy, Mitchell McClellan,
Superintendent of Poor house—Henry Snyder.
Physician to Jail—Dr. W. W. Dale.
- Physician to Nor House—Dr. W. W. Dale,
BOROUGH OFFICERS
Chief Burgess—John Campbell,
Assistant Burgess-11 Blinn' Cameron,
lone C MUCH—East IVard—.l. 15'. U. ClBolen, An
drew B. 'tallier, Ueo. Wetzel, Chan. U. Ihm e r, IGvnrt
Hoffman, Weld, Ward—A. K. liheem, John A trys,
M. Malik, S. D. Hillman, Clerk, Jas. M. Masonhammer.
Borough Treasuret , David Cornman.
High Constable, Mu:Ant/VI Swartz, Ward Constables,
East Ward, Andrew Martin, West Ward, James Wid•
nor.
Assessor—William Noalcor.
=
Tax Collector—Andrew Kerr, Ward Collectors—East
Ward, Jacob I.h.dyear. West Ward, II It Williams,
Street Commissisner, Patrick Madden.
Justices ,if the l'eace—A. L. Sponsler, David Smith,
A brm. Deb itIT, Michael Holcomb.
lamp Llghters-Alex. :Sleek, Levi Albert.
CHURCHES
Pirst Presbyterian Church, Northw e•sl angle of Con
tro Square. Rev. Conway I. Wing Pastor.—Servleen
every Sunday Morning at 11 o'clock, A. M., and 7
o'clock P. M.
Socond Presbyterian Church, corner ot South Han
over and Pomfret streets. Rev. John C Bliss. Past°,
Sfkryloos commence at 11 o'clock, A. M., and 7 o'clock
I', M.
'St. John's Church. (Prot. Episcopal) northeast angle
of Centre Square. 11ev. J C Mere, Rector. Services
at 11 o'clock A. 31., and 6 o'clock, P M.
English Lutheran Church, Bedford, between Mein
sod Louth, streets. Rev Sam'l Spi,ker, l'actor. Ser—
vices at 11 o'clock A. M., and ti o'clock P. 31.
Uerman Reformed Church. Loather, between Hall
o Per and Pitt streets. Rev. SAM uol Philips, Pastor
Services at 11 o'clock A. M., and 6 o'clock I'. Al.
Methodist E. Church (first charge) corner of Main
and Pitt Streets. Rev. Phonies 11. Sherlock, Pastor.
Services at II o'clock A. M., and-7 o'clock P. Al.
Methodist E. (March (second charge,) Rev. S.
110W111:111, Pastor. Services in Emory M E. Church al
o'clock A. 31., and 3 1 / 6 P. M.
Church of God Chapel, South West cor. cd West St.
and Chapel Alley. Rev. 11. F. Beek, Past,,.. Services
at 11 a, or., and 5 p.m.
St. Patrick's Catholic Church, Pomfret near East st,
Rev Pastor. Services every other Sal,
bath. at IS o'clock. Vespers at :I P. M.
derman Lutheran Church, corner of Pomfret and
Bedford streets. Rev C. Pastor. Seri ices at
11 o'clock P. 31.
eri_sViton changes Iu the above are necessary t
proper persons are requested to notify us.
DICKINSON COLLEGE
Roy. Ilornian M. Johnson, D. P., Presld n and Pr
essor of Moral Science.
William C. Wilson, A. M., Professor Nato,
Science and Curator of the Museum.
Rev. William L. Boswell,
Urook:indl.4tu'ulan Languages.
Samuel D. Hillman, A. M., Prof. sal. o f MathetnaL
John K. Staymin, A. M., Professor of the Latin and
French Languages.
Hon. Jollies IL Ors ham, LL. D , Professor of Law.
Rev. Henry C. Choston, A. B Principal of th
Grammar School.
John Hood, Acnistant in the Uranunar School
BOARD OF SCHOOL DIRECTORS
E. Cornman, President, J3OlOB Mainlin), 11. Saxton
It. C. Woodward, floury Nowsham, (LIP. Ilumorich
Seet'y , J. W. Eby, Treasurer, John Sphar, Messenger
Moot on the let Monday of each Month at 8 o'clock A
M at Education Ilall.
CO RPORAT /NS
CTRI.ISLE DEPOSIT IRNlE.—President, It. M. fender.
son, W. M. Becton' Cash. J. P. Hassler and C. B. Ptahler
Tellers, W. M. PAW,. Clerk, J no. Underwood Mes
senger. Directors, It. M. Henderson, President, It. C.
Woodward, Skil. Woodburn, Moses Bricker, John
Zug, W. W. Dale, John D. Oorgas, Joseph J. Logan,
Juo. Stuart, jr.
FIRST NATI . RTAL ILlNK.—Prenidout, Samuel Hepburn
Ca.hier. Joe. C. Hoffer, Teller, Abner C. Brindle, Mes
senger, Jesse Brown. Wm. Ker, John Dunlap, Itich'd
Woods, John 0. Dunlap, Isaac Brenneman, John 8.
Sterrett, Sam'l. Hepburn, Directors.
CUMBERLAND VALLEY RAILROAD 0011PANII.—PrOgid011L,
Frederick Watts: Secretar, and Treasurer, Edward
M. Biddle: Superintendent, 0. N. Lull. Passenger
trains three times a day. Carlisle Accommo !talon,
Eastward, leaves Carlisle 0.56 A. )1., arriving at Car
lisle 6.20 P. M. Through trains Eastenard,lo.lo A, M.
and 2.42, P. 51. Westward at 0.27, A. 21., and 2.05 I'.
M.
CAILLIHLE OAR AND WAIER COMPANY.—President, Lem
uel Todd ; Troasuror, A. L. Sponsler; Suporintunden,
Ooorgo Wise: Directors, F. Watts, Wm. M. Itoetomt
E. M. Qlddle, Henry Saxton. IL C. Woodward, J. W.
Patton, F. Cardnor and D. 8, Croft.
SOCIETI ES
Cumberland Star Lodge No, 197, A. Y. N. meets at
Marlon Hall on the 2nd atna 4th Tuesdays of every
month.
St. John's Ledo No. 260 A. Y. M. Moats 3d Thera
day of oaeli month, at Marion
Carlisle Lodge No. Ul I. 0. of 0. 9. Moots Monday
ovoning, at Trout's building.
Letort Lodge No. 63, 1. 0. of 0. 'l'. Meets ovary
Thursday evening in Ithoten's Hull, 3d story.
FIRE COMPANIES
Tho Union Hire Company was organism' In 1780.
Houso In i.outhur, botween Haar.' Hanover.
Thu Cumberland Fire Company was Instituted Feb
18, 1800. House Iu Radford, between Main and Porn
fr at.
The Good Will Fire Company was Instituted In
Mara, 1855. House In Pomfret, near Hanover.
The Empire Hook and Ladder Company woe I net.' to
led In 1850. Ilene° In Pitt, near Main.
RATES OF POSTAGE.
Poetage on all letters of one half ounce weight or
ander, 3 cents pre paid.
Poseagu en the 1111RALU within the County, tree.
Within the State 13 cents per annum. To any part
of the United States, 20 cents Postage on all tram ,
gloat papers, 2 cents per ounce. Advertised letters to
he charged with cost of advertising.
MILS• R. A. SMITH'S
Photcigraphs,Ambrotypes,lvorytypes
Beautiful Albums ! Beautiful Frames !
Albums for Ladiegand Gentlemen,
Albums for Misses, and for Children,
Pocket Albums for Soldiers and Civilians!
Choicest Albums! Prettiest Albums! Cheapest Albums!
FOR CHRISTMAS GIFTS I
Brash and Now from Now York And Philadelphia
Markets.
Iyou want' satisfactory Pictures and
polite attention call at Mrs. It. A. Smith's Photo
graphic Gallery, South East Corner of nonage'. Street
and Market Square, opposite the Court Rouse and Post
Mee, Carlisle, Pa.
Ws. It. A. Smith well known as Mrs. It. A. Reynolds,
and no well known as a Daguorrean Artist, gives per
sonal attention to Ladles and Gentlemen visiting her
Gallery, and having the beet of Artiste and polite at
tendants can safely promise that In no other Gallery
can'those who favor her with a call got pictures supe
rior to hers, not even in New York or Philadelphia, or
meet with more kind and prompt attention.
Anibrotypes inserted in Rings, Lockets.Dreast Pins,
&a. Perfect copies of Daguerrotypee and AmbintyPes-1
made of,deceased friends. Where copies aro defaced,
Ile-like pictures may still be had, either for frame. or
or cards. -All negatives preserved ono year and orders
by mall or otherwlseprotuptly attended to.
December 23, 1.864—tf
r IHE FORWARDING ANDGRAIN
1 , business formerly conducted by,Une, Otvler &
Co., Is now carried on by
,July 20, 1801-,tf
• DR. WM. H. COOK, "
HOMOEOPATHIC PHYSICIAN,
Surgeon. and 'Accouchour
OFFIC E
at his residence in Pitt
Ostreet, adjoining tho Methodlat Church.
July 1, 1864.
For Rent,
ywoLaw • ~ .
Law OfH.Oes in . ,Mr. Imhoff's
• Building, on the 'Elonth-aast Corner of the Centro
quaro of flarllale. Vor pargonlani apply to • I
L. J. W. POULIC,
Att'y, at Law.
January 0,1885
25 00
4 00
7 00
ry : the son of the host, a little boy o
seven or eight years, had especially en
livened every one by his grace and spright
liness : his hailer was extravagantly fond
of him, and Bon- Bekeitr's friend had
decked him anew with a pretty bur
nous embroidered with silk, a red Alicia
and yellow slippers.
In the evening however, he did not ap
pear atsupper, and on asking the father to
have hi• Brought.
" a profound sleep," replied
he. i t sisted no more.
.eimst was abundant, the conver
4ii very animated ; they spoke a great
aeal of christians and of the war (that of
the French it, Algiers).
It was said that. our (the French) ar
mies were innumerable as the flights of
starlings in Autumn ; our.soldiers linked
together, ranged asVe beads of a neck
lace, shod like hiorses ; that each
ofi9 cafried a laiice upon the end of
his gun, and a pack saddle in which were
his provisions, upon his back ; that they,
fired as though there were but one shot
The extolled our justice and (rum', ; our
chiefs exacted nothing ; before our ~o/4",
A. M., Professor of
the poor was as good as the rich.
But they reproached us for a want o
dignity, for laughing even when we say
you,/9m,rniny, for entering our mosques
without t king off our shoes, for not being
religious, for giving too great liberty to
our wives, for making ourselves their
c,,mplaisants; for drinking wine ; for eat
ing pork and caressing our dogs.
After the prayer offtdjer (day break),
when they thought of leaving Bou-13e
keur ! "My friends, said he, I have
made, according fo the law, every effort
to promote your welfare at my house; I
believe with the assistance of God, I have
had every regard fur you which a host
should have for his guests, and now I.
have come to ask of you all a mark of af
fection. When I said to you yesterday
evening ! " iMy son sleeps a profound
sleep," lie had just killed himself by fall.
ing from the top of the terrace, where he
was playing with his mother.
"God willed it ; may lie give him
rest! In order not to disturb your feast
and your joy, I had to restrain my grief,
and keep silent wy distracted wife by
threatening her with a divorce; her tears
have not reached you. But be pleased
this morning to assist at the burial of my
son and join for him your prayers with
mine."
This news and this force of character
struck, astounded the travellers, who all
went religiously to bury the poor child.
Such is the law of • hospitality : a host
should remove from his house every grief,
every quarrel, every shadow of misfor
tune or unhappiness, which might dis
turb the hours of his friends. The Proph
et who gave these words, hits also said :
To him who shall bo generous, God will
give twenty graces :
Wisdom; A t,uthful tongue;
The fear of God; A heart always in bloom ;
Ile will hate no one; He shall not be proud;
Ile Alban not be Jealous ; Sadness shall be removed from
him ;
Ile shall receive every one well;
-He shall be beloved by all ;
He shall be respected, though he wore of humble
Ills goods shall lie increased ;
Ills ille shall be blessed ;
Ile shall be patient; Ile ehall be discreet ;
Ile shall be always contented;
Ile shall care little for the goOds of this world;
If he stumble, God shall sustain him;
lllsalne forgiven 4
Finally God shall preserve him from the evil which
iniy tall from heaven, or issue from the earth;
Be generous towards your guest, for ho
comes to your home with his blessing :
entering, he brings you a benediction ;
parting, he carries away your sins.
Permit not yourself to become avaric
ious : avarice is a tree which the belise
(demon) planted — in - hell, and whose
branches spread over the earth. Who
ever wishes to gather fruit from them is
entwined by them and drawn into the
fire:.
JOTIN ORISON
°reason, Cusub. Co
Generosity is ari
tree p l anted in henie
by God, 'the master of the world ; its
branches reach the earth; he shall mount
by them to piiradise, who treats well his
guests, rejoiocein them and lools pleas.
antly upon then."
VOL. 65.
RHEEM & WEAKLEY, Editors & Proprietors
lik isioultitunum.
[Translated fri , m tho Frotich for the Hornld.
Hospitalit Among the Arabs
A resident of Medeah, named Bou-Be
kenr, recognized in a camp of nomades,
who were stopping for some days near
the city, the son of a friend who bad for
merly shown him hospitality.
" Welcome, my children ! said hC to
the inhabitants of Sahara, our, country is
yours , here you shall neither hunger nor
thirst; no one shall insult you, nor plun
der you ; -I take upon myself to provide
for all your wants."
Bou-Bekeur's words wore as good as
acts. From this moment all the mem ;
hers of the little troop were his gutests.-- . --
lie sent them his slaves laden with•brcad,
dates and roast meats ; in the evening he
had brought to them kous-kousou, milk,
butter, cheese and vegetables ; be assist
ed at their meals and was the constant
companion of the travellers.
It was the same during the wl ole time
of their stay.
When the time of departure arrived,
Bou.Belteur wished to treat the travellers
for the last time, and assembled them in
his house to sup and pass the night.
The assemblage was exceedingly rocs•
God shall never do evil to the hand
which has given,
When a weary traveller sees on the
horizon the yellow sand dotted with black
spots, he concludes there is a donor circle
of tents belcnging to a tribe—and bears
his hunger and thirst towards the first
tent lie meets.
Ede is seen approaching, and is await
ed, the dogs bark, the whole (loam be
comes animated.
When ho comes within reach of the
voice, be stops and calls :
,„
"Oh master of the tent, an invited of
God !" They reply
Welcome !
At his arrival they silence the dogs;
they crowd around him ; if he be on horse
back, they hold his stirrup to assist him
in dismounting and to do hiM honor ; the
tent is opened, ho enters ; the tent is
divided into, two parts' by a sort of cur
tain ; he is at home on one side ; the oth
er is occupied by the family.
Without knowing his name, or his sta
icn, nor whence be comes, nor whither
he ie going, without asking - bin) this, they
give him dates and milk, while awaiting
he evening &tam.
If he be a chief, a man of importance,
he master of the tent chooses the guests
o keep him company.
The next day, at his departure, his
horse, about which he had to give him
self no trouble, is brought; he is set upon
his journey and blessings accompany him.
The (/,,itor are generally formed ofsv
enty or a hundred tents, raised symme
trically around an open space called iitcroh,
and of seven or eight others, built a lit
tle without by,the richer; these arc the
guest tents. They arc watched day and
night by servants, chosen specially for the
service of strangers, who are entertained
with their horses, domestics and beasts of
burden, by each of the rich in turn, and
by the others collectively.
If a e/oiosr have no guest tents, the
guests are permitted to come into the
iner«h, where they are received by all
the men crying out , Welcome, oh invi•
ted of God !
Then is the competition as to who shall
succeed by good words in carrying cnQof
them off to entertain him.
This is a festival day for the poor; for
as in the days of our master Ibrahim
the hospitable, i. e. Abraham, the re
mains of sheep which have been served
roasted entire, of pubs lcuille:virs—sort
of pulled pastry—and of all the I:,4reut
dishes of the (mins, are shared with the
servants and slaves.
Should a stranger happen to present
himself at the tent of a miser who avoids
him, conceals himself and lets the watch
dogs bark, the neighbors run to him;
saying to him : Come with us, guest o
God !
These imprecations lidl upon the mi
ser : " the dog ! the accursed,! 0 the mi
ser ! no, you are not of our yoirin ; you
would be of the gwan of the Jews, if they
had gowns; may you be accursed of God
as often as there are hairs in your board !"
This man is thenceforth isolated among
his own ; he is despised. It often hap
pens that he is even compelled by the
tribe to pay a fine of lons koussou, mut
ton, or milk-food ; for the benefit of him
whom he refused to receive.
If, on the contrary, there be a man in
e tribe of whom it is said :
" The generous, his heart is rich, and
yet he is poor !"
The owners of camels, sheep, and dates
and, in fine, of any gifts of God, will aid
him by advances, and will cliib together
to stock his tent with flocks, butter, wool,
and will boast of him everywhere and re
joice in him : "He is the chief of brave
and generous men, and we would leave
him with pain ! Ile was itot able to keep
his horse, this cavalier of gloomy days;
this shall not be said of our tribe,—no,
--let us club together, he will increase
our reputation."
A man cannut make rich an ass=
But an assembly can make rich a man."
But it is not enough to bo generous, ono
must know bow to give.
"If you do not eat, cause to eat."—
Never observe ono another when yuu eat
together. Pormit every one to do as he
pleases.
Ben-Abas, eating with another inunt
boat; had the impropriety to remark to
his guest that ho was aboul putting a
hair into his mouth. " Since you oh
seive that I do, said the guest to him,
even to . see a hair upon my plate, I swear
by thy head and my own never, again to
'eat in thy house.".
l'c i not refuse the dip, of him who of
a-.forsit to .
A guest came to,, the house of an Arab
who made him sit down and offered him
the diffa. "1 am not hungry," said the
stranger; "I need only a pliteek to yest me
to-night."
"(onion to another," answered the
Arabi " I do not wish you to be able to
say : " I have slept at the house of such
an one; I wish you to. say,: I have
there - satisfied, my belly." " The beard
of the guest is in . the hand pf the master of
the tent."
There is nOt a well-bred man . who does
not know and practice. these precepts ;
but there are few who, have undergone a
trial as cruel as that of Bon-l3ekour.
CARLISLE, PA., FRIDAY, MAY 19, 145.
I From the Sunday Dispatch.]
NOTES OF Af TRIP TO RICHMOND
The capita( of the " so-called" Confed
eracy, has been, for the past four years,
almost a sealed book to citizens of the
loyal States, except to those unfortunate
soldiers of the Union who were taken
prisoners and confined in the Libby, Cas
tle Thunder, or Belle Isle, and from their
positions they ware unable to obtain much
knowledge of the place. PosseSsing a
moderate share of curiosity, I availed my
self of an opportunity which presented
itself recently• to visit Richmond, a few
days after its occupation by the Union
troops, at a time when a pass was difficult
to obtain: Now that all restrictions have
been removed from travel and trade be
tween Richmond and the loyal States,-
except for goods contraband of war, there
will doubtless be many who will make a
trip to Richmond, either from curiosity
or for business ; I propose briefly to give
some information as to the mode of travel,
the time employed, the expense, and such
other matter as may be interesting to the
tourist, as well as to the quiet reader who
dues not wish to incur the trouble and
risk of traveling, and is copreift to receive
his impressions from the pen photographs
of neivspaper writers.
T 111.: LINES OF COMMUNICATION
There are at present two lines of travel
open to Richmond—one by way of Bal
timore, and the other by way of Wash
ington, both connecting at Fortress Mon
roe, from which a single line of passenger
boats runs to City Point, and from thence
the steamboat Red Jacket conveys pas
sengers direct to Rocketts, which is on
the outskirts of Richmond.
I will suppose that tho tourist desires
to go through Washington. "He can take
passenger ears from the railroad depot,
which will con vey him direct to the steam-
boat wharf, foot of Sixth street. At 3
o'clock P. :11. the mail boat leaves for
City Point. The fare from Washington
to City Point is $7 50. The trip con
sumes a little more than one full day.
ranging front twenty-four to thirty hours,
passing down the Potottlae, to Chesapeake
bay, stopping at Point _Lookout, at the
mouth of the Potomac, and at Fortress
Monroe for one hour. The stoppage at
Point Lookout ocetirs'after
the boat arrives at Fortress Monroe about
breakfast time (8 o'clock, A. M.) next
in urn in g. To 'travel comfortably, a pas
seng,:r ,Shi , uld engage a Quite of
which he has the use during the entire
passage. The state-rooms contain two
berths, so that two passengers, uniting
together, can divide the expense together,
the charge for the room being $1 50
Artily officers have the first choice of the
state-rooms, and after the boat passes
Alexandria tbc passengers all form in a
line leading to the captam's office, to take
their turn at securing berths. If there
are enough officers to occupy all the state
rooms, the civilians have to go without
any, and take their chances of sleeping
on chairs or sofas, the best way they can.
As there area large number of passengers,
it frequently happens that a ma n cannot
even secure,a chair tti , ,sit on, and many -
have to "squat" or lie down •upcm tine
deck to obtain rest wh en fa4_, e ,l
baggage must be " checked? ux •';:ao bag
gage-master's, not evemasmal...,trpet-bag
being allowed to be carried on the upper
deck. For small carpet-bags the charge
for ''checking" is twenty-five cents each,
and for trunks fifty cents and one dollar,
according lo size. Supper, breakfast and
dinner are provided on board the boat at
one dollar each. You can eat or not, as
you choose, at either meal.
Some passengers get off at Fortress
Monroe, and breakfast at the Hygela din
ing-rooms, where a good. meal is served
at seventy-five cents.
The passage down the bay 41 night,
gives little opportunity to view the scon
cry; but the next morning, after leaving
- Fortress Monroe, and passing through
Hampton Roads, the sight is magnificent
—the Rip-Raps, Fortress Monroe, NeW
port News, the Chesapeake Hospital, and.
a large fleet of vessels, including several
iron-clads and foreign men-of-war, and
Elizabeth river far away in the distance
toward Norfolk, are all within view from
a good position on the boat.
' Rounding Newport News, you see the
wrccics of the frigates Congress and Cum
borland still peering out of the * water,.
which were sunk in the encounter with
the Merrimac. Passing Newport News,
you enter the James river, and very few
objects of interest are presented until you .
approaah City Point. A dull, monde
nouSl3horo line is constantly before you,
with little signs of cultivation, and a pan
orama of one mile of yellow bluff will give
an idea of the whole. Thera is only one
point of historic interest presented, that
, of Jamestown—the scene of tho first set
tlement of Virginia;--which now consists
Of — alew dilapidated shanties and a long
wharf built.far out into the river on piles.
Before reaching. City Point, on the right
is soon Harrison's' Landing, where Mo-
Clellan's army' foinid a resting-place in
18G2 ,'and . Malvern Hill ) where the
m fa--
, .‘
oos,Lbatele of the Days' Fight.
took place.
CITY POINT
Frotrqthe numbor of steamboats, brigs,
sobootfers, and sauoy little tugs plying in
every direction—nearly all of them with
Philadelphia names—City Point presents
an air of hustling activity almost equal to
first-class commercial port. The Wash
ington boat stops here, and you go ashore.
The .4 nay is fillled with white and colored
soldiers, and Mims of all sorts, and a
scene. of excitable confusion usually occurs.
On my visit, all passes were required to
be stamped by the provost marshal, and
•
you were obliged to take your place in
line, And await your turn with dirty rebel
Johunies—who looked as if " live stock"
wcrekheir constant companions—whites,
blacks, of both sexes, and all sizes and
ages: After passing this ordeal, you pass
to the transportation' office to pay your
fare to Richmond. A line is formed in
the same manner, and composed of the
same material as at the provost marshal's,
and sometimes it consumes nearly an hour
to get " through" both places, and you
rsve a fine chance to practice the virtue
of patience
Your feelings, too, are none of the
most pleasant. Twenty or more persons
are ahead of you, and you, nervously
twitch as you hear the shrill whistle of
thesteamboat bound for Richmond, which
lies at the wharf; and, as it carries the
mail; it leaves punctually at three o'clock,
no matter who may be left behind Your
baggage, too, causes you uneasiness. If
you have more than you can conveniently
carry, and do not wish to " tote', it up
the steep hill to the provost marshals
office and back, you trust it to the tender
mercies of some darkey, for a small piece
of fractional currency in hand, and as you
aye never seen him before, nor he seen
ou, the chances arc ten to ono that when
on look for it, after you have got your
ass certified, it will be among the miss-
Recent orders, I observe, have abol
shed the system of " passes" to and from
tiehmond, and therefore much of the
rouble heretofore experienced at this
oint will be avoided.
The fare from City Point to Richmond
is one dollar. The trip up, in the steamer
Red Jacket, occupies about four hours,
and it is decidedly .the most interesting
part of the whole excursion. The boat
arrives at Richmond at 7 P. M., making
the time between Washington and Rich
mond twenty-eight hours.
COST OF TlrE TRIP
Prudent people generally wish, to know
the cost before going on a journey, so fur
.the bcrrofit of thorlo -0110 contemplate \'la
iting Richmond, I append the items :
Fare iron, Washington to City
Point, $7 50
Fare from City Point to Richmond, 1 00
Three meals, $1 each, 3 00
State room, 1 50
Checking baggage, 50
Same fare returning.
The Spottswood Hotel coach meets the
boat at the landing, and takes you to the
hotel, about one mile—lard fifty cents.
RAILROAD COMMUNICATION WITH RICH-
MEE
The Richmond, Fredericksburg and
Potomno Railroad, running from Acquia
creek to Richnionti,,is now being repaired
1 :-4“ , ends,, and wi' ,on beinijunning
ord or, Trains run d Rielimot4
to lianever Junction. This 024 d, whoa
completed, will shorten the time tw,tworn
Washington and Piet,m IA to live or six
hours, the whole distance only one
hundred and twenty wiles, whereas under
the present arrangement it is between
three and four hundred by water.
REBEL OBSTRUCTIONS IN JASIES RIVER
The immense amount of labor expended
by the rebels in obstructing the river,
and fortifying its
, banks, to prevent the
approach of our fleet, must be seen to be
conceived.
As you approach Howlett's house, so
often mentioned in the dispatches from
both sides during the war, Butler's Dutch
-Gap-Canal - is.spen on the right, the width
o the neck of land through which it
only
throughab o
t u h t e half a
l a
fr l o n m i l e o .— n e
1) .
il a s t e e s r runs 'l2;
etcl to the other, and I should suppose it
oily needs dredging to make it available.
It is an irregular cut, or ditch, through
tie high bluff, and was executed under
gieat disadvantages, for it is directly
within range of the battery at Howlett's.
The holes in the side of the bluff, in
which our men took shelter, look like
hrge swallows' nests, and the remnants of
slot and shell scattered around show that
i i
tmust have been a warm place
[ The river hero narrows to about two
-bitndred-and fifty yards, as you approach
t ci bend at Ilowletes, the obstructions
,tne plainly in view. Heavy batteries
• the surrounding hills
.command the
iver approaches fully, and it would be a
miracle if vessels could run that•gauntlet
eeessfully. Large Vessels aro sunk in
o channel, logs chained together wore
:retched across the stream, andtorpedoes
large size were bitoyed in every direc
' In, marked with little rod flags to warn
.eir own vessels of danger. Most of
: les° torpedoes have been removed, but a
.vicstill remain, and the steamboat pro
eds very cauatiously, sileolting ', her .
:teed as she approaolies the infernal con
ivances. For ten or twelve miles, from
owlett'S to' Drury's:Bluff, or„Fort Dar
rig; ttnistiiii . ei proparations.,?orl.pur fleet.
o seen. Battery after battery looms up,
one after another, all commanding the
narrow channel, and half-a-dozen or more
lines of log obstructions, and in one case
piles were driven nearly across the stream,
is hope of detaining our vessels at these
obstructions while the guns of the forts
would complete their destruction. Such
devilish contrivances proved the holy
herrof entertained by the rebels for our
gunboats, and the desperate energy with
which they labored to prevent theirs from
getting within reach of Richmond.
But at Drury's Bluff these obstructions
reach their highest development and
magnitude. fiere three large steamboats
were sunk side by side, the wheel-houses
of one, and walking-beam and the large
smoke-pipes of the others, still sticking
out of the water. A channel was left, so
narrow that only one vessel can pAss
through it at a time, and a steamboat
when going. -up, meeting another coming
down, joust Stop and let the other pass
or the other stops to let her pass, the
right of way being usually given to the
mail boat. •
The guns of Drury command this nar
row pass completely, at a range of one
hundred and fifty to two hundred yards,
with the heaviest artillery, which, if well
manned, would render it impossible for
any hostile vessel to pass that defile. The
battery is on a steep hill, and can fire
down upon the decks of the monitors,.
which was the cause of the failure of the
iron•clads to pass this point when the at
tempt was made in the early part of the
war.
The other objects of interest in this
vicinity are the " Buzzard's Roost," a
truly Yankee contrivance, resembling the
derrick of an oil well multiplied by four
in size, which commands a view of the
surrounding country formiles. On the
top of this lookout, a house is built, in
which the inmates lived comfortabli—
Jut to get up and down it must hay
eon a work of no little difficulty.
Butler's Bridge, on which he crosse
troops and stores from one side of the
river, is in good order and in daily use,
the vessels passing through a drawbridge.
Leaving Fort Darling, the obstructions
in the river are not so numerous, and
batteries are less frequent, because the
shores of the stream become more flat •
but, wherever a high hill or bluff pre
rented itself', a frowning earthwork looked
defiantly down upon us. Five or six
bridges here span ttm stream, which Lee
used to transfer his troops from one side
to ThroThei7 They are on piles, and well
As Richmond con es in view, its spires
and steeples form a beautiful picture from
the river, situated as the city is on a
range of hills. You laud at lloclietts
which is the highest point of river nay
gation. Two rebel iron-elads are sunk in
$l3 50
the river just below the city
RICH NIOND AS IT 15
The city presents, at present, on the
river front, a desolate appearance. Por
tions of fiftysix blocks of buildings wore
,burneklio,.,rel,uls at the evacuation,
and atienst thirty complete blocks are in
mini"; and this 06,, in the business part
of the city, principally on Main and Cary
streets. Main Was the chief business street
of the city. ::Here were located the banks,
ripe of which was burned down Fine
conitm. Aus stores, with ornamented iron
fronts, Lir whole squares, aro now a mass
of smouldering ruins. The Arsenal, with
at least twenty-five thousand stand of
arms, accoutrements and immense stores
of ammuntion, was completely destroyed,
and immense tobacco warehouses, some
of them two hundred feet long by one
hundred wide, were burned down to the
cellar. These buildings wore not mean,
inexpensive structures, but wore of good,
solid, brick, and stone, built in the most
substantial manner.
Having never been in Richmond before
I was much surprised at the character of
its buildings. There aro fewer frame
buildings in it than in any city of its size
I have over seen, and I have Traveled
somewhat ostensively over the North.
The streets aro laid off at right angles,
and the whole place looks so much like
Philadelphia that I almost fancied I was
at hon.o The private dwellings, gene
rally, aro of a superior class, and the resi
dences of well•to-do people are models
of elegance and substantial comfort.
The city is remarkably clean ; and being
situated on hills, it has excellent drainage
as the rains wash the streets clear of dirt.
The streets aro paved and macadamized,
are in good order, and the curbing and
crossings at the corners are li
Philadelphia.
Tho Capitol building is a plain but sub
stantial edifice,, built by a Philadelphian,
Thomas S. Stewart, Esq. It is in good
Condition, but has been a little abused by
being. converted into a guard-house for
troops and offices for provost marshals
business. The rebel Congress met in this
building; and over the door where it
met is still the sign—" Hall of Congress ;
but no visitors are allowed to examine
the room
The hall of the Capitol contains a fine
marble statue of Washington, on a ped
estal. the grounds . outside contain an
elaborate granite base, surmounted with
equestrian statue of Washiugton in
bronze. Upon pedestals, ranged. afinter
vals around the base, ere statues of Jeff-
TERMS:--$2,00 in Advance, or 82,50 within the year
appear to be very scarce in the Confed
eracy, and not many are seen except those
used by Union officers and soldiers. For
age is scarce and littlo to be had
Dr. JOHN BROWN, the author of a book
which has been received with Marked
favor among our most cultivated readers,
Sparc Hours," and the world-renowned
author of " Bab and his friends," is a
physician in good practice in Edinburgh,
but not eminent in his profession in the
sense that Syme, Simpson Begbio and
Christison are eminent, or as the late la
mented Miller was eminent. Dr. Brown
is, however, a universal favorite, and his
kindly, handsom lobo may be seen ou the
the scree any day. His tastes are largely
literary, and he divides his time pe
tween his duty and his inclination, make
ing the practice of medicine yield the
solid support of life, while the graceful
play of of his• pen, is his recreation.
True to what might have been expect
ed on the doorstone of the doctoi:'s fine
residence stood a magnificent English
mastiff, a dog with all the intelligence bf
the immortal" Rab," without his ugliness,
if , trill,A. - - - - - Ob 1 - r — -" , vo. thr
le, I_•tho creature ; the finest
hipecimen of the canine species which I
have over observed. The kindly author
of '" Rab and his Friends" has now but
Mil
‘, two dogs," this English mastiff and old
Dick, whose life has been worthily written
and who still survives at the good old
age of fifteen. years. The doctor would
like to have more •iluch faithful friends
around him, but complains of the difficul
ty of keeping dogs in a great city.
John Brown, M. D., 23 Rutland street
Edinburgh, Scotland, is one of eighteen
John Browns, who with greater or less
light illumine" this, goodly, city..__ I. am
sorry to learn that he is not an,elder in
his.father's•ehuroli (which by .the way, I
bunted up.and''saW one Babbath, filled
with a company of wOrchippori; who look
bank with meet affectionate interest to
erson, Patrick Henry and Mason, all in
bronze. The whole presents a very beau
tiful appearance. At some distacne from
this is a temple, containing a fine marble
statue of Henry Clay, enclosed in a neat
iron railing. The statuary is Much ad
mired by Union officers and soldiers.
The Custom House, immediately op
posite the capitol, is a spacious granite
building erected by the United States
many years ago. Though surrounded by
fire on the morning of the evacuation,
and houses destroyed on all sides, it with
stood the ordeal like a rock, not the slight
est damage being done to it. In this build
ing was the rebel Executive Department,
" Secretaries"' offices' &o. ; and they
really had splendid accommodations—
marble mosaic pavement, mahogany hand
rails, iron staircases, and everything else
to correspond.
The churches
.of Richmond are well
built, and numerous. Indeed, it nearly
equals Brooklyn in that respeet. On Sun
day when the bells ring, the greater part
of the population seems astir in the streets
on their way to different places of wor
ship. A pious people aro these rebels !
The theatre is a good, substantial brick
structure, resembling our new Chesnut
Street Theatre, in Philadelphirt,,and about
the same size. I did not attend' it, and
cannot speak of its interior arrangements
or the quality of the actors.
Hollywood Cemetery, on the bulks of
the canal, is an interesting object to
strangers. It is beautifully diversified
with hill and valley, and running streams;
is well kept, and contains many fine
monuments Here rest the the remains
of ex-President Monroe, and many 'other
distingished personages.
.Frocu this point
the best view of the whole Tredegar Iron
Works, and other prominent points, can be
obtained.
The bridge over the James were all
burnt down; but a pontoon bridge has
been laid, by which communication is had
with Manchester, on the south bank of the
river. I did not visit Manchester, which
is sparsely settled, and contains few ob
jects of interest.
Outside the business streets of B.io
mond, the dwellings arc mostly in the
cottage style, the houses set back from
the streets, with gardens in front and at
the sides, ornamented - With trees and shrub
bery, which, at this season of the year
were arrayed in the most beautiful green
and fragrant flowers peeped out from every
side. Many of the houses have kitchen
gardens atttched, which supply the resi
dence with vegetables. The prevailing
style of buildings reminds inc more of West
Philadelphia than any place I can com-
pare it to, colonnade fronts being very
much used.
The climate being mild, the ladies, dur
ing the day, are not much seen in the
streets ; but towards evening they crowd
the front balconies and doorstops, present
ing a gay and attractive scene.
They have gas and water-works, both
being extensively introduced thoughout
the city, and the water is as good as our
Schuylkill. They had a passenger rai
way once along Main and Broad streets—
the two principal streets—but it was taken
up during the war to plate an iron -clad,
and the rails have not been relaid
There are at present no means of convey
ance from one part of the city to the other,
except pedestrianizing, unless one is for
tunato enough to have a horse, but these
Dr. John Brown
their old pastor ), but the dnetor is a strong
friend - of' American genius, and 'think
a true hearted symPathizer with the North.
lie a nuble-soulethMan, and T feel that
the world is bettor when such men are
loved and -honored as this great and good
1)1. 'John Brown is in Edinburgh. his
age is, I think, 'about forty five and ho is
in the prime of his power to bless and
instruct the world.—Correnspondear, t,f
liman J?eflee/oi.
NO, 20
The following paragraph is from tit,
lYiscfmst,4 Fainter :
To the majority of men soil is nothing
but dirt; but to the chemist who knows
its nature and its capabilities, it is a won
derful mixture of those beautiful elements
which in their ever varying forms become
the ambient air, the liquid ocean, the
precious opal, the amethyst and the still
more precious diamond; or delicate blue
bell and violet; the amaranth, the lily
and the rosebud, the spear of blue grass
and the cedar of Lebanon; or, again the
ruby lip, the love-lit-eye, the noble pal
pitating heart, and more wonderful brain.
These are the jewels of which the soil is
composed, and out of which the husband
man strives to force tho food hunger
claims. Henceforth, as he turns the fur
rows of his field, let the sleep of his tho
ughts be broken by the reflection that
the earth, thus stirred up by his plough
shear is doubtless composed, in part, of
his ancestral heroes, whose deeds aro the
history of the past, and whose mortal re
mains are the plastic material mita' which
are building the bodies of men today.
A Romantic Marriage
Last week the garrison at New Creek 'wore
witnesses of a marriage ceremony whi c h f u ck
place in that vicinity- under somewhat, novel
circumstances. it appears that the betro th
ed couple were citizens oC Pennsylvania,
near the :liitryland line, and having
doeided to unite Owlr lives and fortunes in
the holy bonds of wedlock, I some un
forAeell barriers in the shape of legal (Mita
ments barring their progress to the haven of
happiness. But when love has taken
session of the soul, locks and ba rs are o f no
avail. The votaries of Cupid always lied
means to overcome all obstacles. In this
case the lovers found that the ditlieulty could
be removed by having the ceremony per-
Mimed in the State of land. A branch
of flue Potomac forming the State lino at that
point was too much swollen to be forded,
and no other means of crossing were at hand,
yet it etas necc,sary to get within the limit
of low water mark to bring the parties with
in the pre,cribed State boundary. A largo
flat rock reaching alawe the surface of the
stream I.re.:ented a solution to the difficulty.
The lovers availed themeolves of this friend
ly opportunity, mei in company with a Rev
erend functionary they gallantly stemmed
the tide and reached the rock in safety, and
there ereeted their hymenial altar, with the
broad heaven; for it, canopy and the grim
Alleghenies for it, wall,. The rollkag
wa
ter.: lead, sweet melody the occasion, and
the sturdy warriors of the neighboring gar
rison were the wiuic,se of the recorded vOwe
lm'hi joined two loving hearts. Could the
most ardent lover have desired more roman
tic surroundings ?
Death of Dr. Valentine Mott
Professor Valentine Mott died on -Wednes
day last, at his re,idence in Gramercy Park,
New York, at the advanced age of eighty
years. Dr. Mutt was a native and ono of
the oldest inhabitants of New York city.
Ile was known to the medical profession un
der the dignified title of the Father of 6ur
gory in America, and decidedly occupied
the foremost rank in medicine and surgery
in the city of New York, if nut on this con
tinent. Dr. Mott had obtained an interna-
unal. reputation,' ,nro nelliOVOlllellt fur fin
We MUM processor. HO wn., born at Glen
Cove, Long Island, August 20, 1783; gradu
ated at Columbia College in 180 G, and then
followed up his studies at the London and
Edinburg hospitals. For thirty years he has
lectured before different colleges in this city.
11 skill in surgical operations was extra
ordinary, having performed many of the
feats deemed impossible. Sir Astley Cooper
said of him: •Ile has performed more of
the great operations than any man living, or
that ever did live." Dr. Mott is the author
of ~viral standard works in the hig,her and
more complex branches of surgical anatomy
and physiology. From 1809 to 1813 he was
,fo ; isor of Surgery in Columbia College,
and until IS '26 held the same chair in the
College of Physicians and Surgeons. With
an interval of four veers, service in the short
lived Rutger's Medical College, ho returned
to the College of Physicians and Surgeons
passing thence to the University Medical
College, of which ho was n founder, as Pro
fessor of Surgery and Relative Anatomy.
of the latter science, immeasurably impor
tant to bui•gery, he is declared the author.
But his brilliant reputation, says a high
iuthority, " is mainly due to his original
iperat ions as a surgeon. As early as 1818
)1.. M placed a ligature around the bra
coccpldie trunk, or arteria innominata,
v two inches from the heart, for aneurism
he right hubelavian artery, for the first
in the history of surgery. The patient
dived the operation twenty-six days, in
dicating the feasibility of so dangerous an
underifiking. He exsected the entire right
clavicle for malignant disease of that bone
where it was necessary to apply forty liga
ture, —all operation which Dr. Mutt him-
of tl
timo
self asserts to be the most dangerous nud
difficult that can be perfQrmed upon the
human body. The patient is still living,
and enjoys perfect health. Dr. Mutt was.
the first to tie the prim m
itive - ac artery for
aneurism. He has Lied the common carotid
forty-six times, cut for stone 100 times, and
amputated nearly 1,000 limbs. Ho early in
troduced his original operation for immo
bility of the lower jaw, and succeeded after
many eminent surgeons had failed. In 1821
he performed the first operation for osteo
sarcoma of the lower jaw. He was the first
surgeon who removed the lower jaw for
necrosis."
The London Post Office
There are somewhat more than 800 of what
are called head offices out of the 11,000 aux
iliary offices in connection with this great
central establishment, and more than 10,000
sub-offices, including the pillar or road letter
boxes. Of 630 towns of England and Wales
with head offices, there are 321 which have
a night mail to and from London, 444 a day
mail from London ; while 40 of them receive,
and 57 dispatch, three bags to London daily.
The methods by which letters are transmitted
embrace railways, mail-coaches, mail-carts,
steam-packets, boats, and foot-messengers.
and altogether they include about 160,000
miles a day. In 1863 the letters delivered
in the United Kingdom were more than 605
millions, with nearly 42 millions of book
_pazkets_and_chargeable—nowsPapdis.---The- -
number of stamped newspapers was 45,947,-
000. The not revenue, not including thecost
of the packet service in the expenditure, was
1,236,9411. Tho establishment itself, with
its complicated and ceaseless operations, is
under the control and management of 25,380
officers. These include ono postmaster-gen- •
oral, ono secretary, two assistant secretaries,
with ono secretary for Scotland, and another
for Ireland; 20 other superior - officers and
' heads of departments; 11 surveyors; 1,302
postmasters; 1,037 clerks; 168 mail -guards
.and porters; 12,131 Jetter-carriera- and mes
sengers ; "7 marine mail officers; 22 colonial
postmasters, clerks, and letter-carriers and
78 agents in foreign countries foi?collecting
postage. Many will 'be surprised to hear
that about £BO,OOO per annum is paid for the
manufacture of . postage labels. Nearly .
million is expended on the transmission of
letters, etc.; by the packets, , Vinich annually '
traverse some 3,114,050 - statute - MHOS - in 'tak
ing them to and fro. 580,000 registered let
ters were posted laSt year ; and, on thol4th
of February, theie passed through London
office alone 480,000 letters of a certain des
criptionmoro profitable to the revenue than,
erediablii to the, parties who sent them. -1. - '
Recent
A Beautiful Extract