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JOB PiIINTINO.—Our Job Printing °nice Is the
largest and most complete establiehment in the
Conn y. Four good Presses, and a general variety of
material suited for plain and Fancy work of every
kind, enables us to do Job Printing at the, shot test
none°, and on the most roasonable terms. Persons
In want of Bills, Blanks, or anything in the Jobbing
line, will find It to their Interest to give us a call.
'grAval
U. S. GOVERNNIENT
President—AßßAHAM LINCOLN,
Vion President—llANNlSAL HAMLIN,
SOCrOIRry or State—Wm. It. SFAVARD,
Secretary of Interior—J:lo. P. MAHER.
Beerotary of Tronaury—Wm. P. Frsstsorrr,
Secretary of War—EDWIN M. STANTON,
9ecrotary of Navy—OloseN Wr.u.rs,
Post Master GeneraI—MONTGOMERY BLAIR,
ttoruey tioner3l-9DWABD BATES,
Wiled Justice of the United S stes—Rouss B TANEY
STATE GOVERNMENT
Uovornor—A NOR Ely O. Ccntu,
fiocro.aryof otato—ELt SLIFER,
urvoyor General— TAMES 13 .tan,
auditor Clonoral—lskix SLENFen,
Attorooy tionural—Wm. M. Mt:MA/ITO.
Adjutant General—A L. ItwiEl.t.,
Cato Treasurer-111:NOY I). Mooee.
ChlofJubtic of the Supromo Court—Geo. W.WOor,
WARD.
COUNTY 'OFFICERS
President Judge—llon. James 11. Graham.
Associate Judges—llon. Michael Cocklin, llon
rfugh Stuart.
District Attorney—J. W. D. GiHelen.
Prothonotary—Sainuel Shireman.
Clerk and Recorder—Epbraim Common,
Rogister—Cleo W. North.
High Shorilf—J, Thompson Rippoy.
County Treasurer—floury S. Ritter.
Coroner—Devil Smith
County Commissioners—Michael Rant, John M.
toy, Mitchell McClellan,
Superintendent of Poor House—llenry Snyder.
Physician to Jail—Dr. W. W. Dale.
Physician to Poor house—Dr. W. W. Dale.
BOROUO II OFFICERS
Chief Burgess— Andrew B. Ziegler.
Assistant Burße3.3-4obert Allirou
Town Counc.f —E“st Ward —J I). Rhin-hen
Toshua P Iti‘lor, .1. W. D. Gillelen,
West Wert—duo. L Murray. Panto., A. Cat
cart, Jno. 11. lark cr, J no. P. ii.r4oi. President,
Council, A. Cathcart, Clerk. Jo , L \V. Ogil by.
High Constable Samuel ;lip, Ward Co not abl
Andrew Martin.
Ansassor—John (iu tshall. Assistant Asaossors,Jno.
31 ell, Gan. S. HILL' tem.
AndKor—Robert IJ. Cameron
Tax Collocto r-1 Ifre I Rh i nob earl. Ward 01,11‘
tors—East, \Yard, Chas. A Smith. West IV ard, T
Corinna u, &root Commissioner, Worley R. Mantle,
Ju4t.irrq of the Peace—A. 1,. Sp insler, David Sulk
A bra, Urh ult, lliehacl Holcomb.
Lamp hight,s—Chas. It. Muck, .Inures Spangler
CHURCHES
First Presbyterian Chundi , NOrthWect nrCe
Ire Square. Itny (Sinway P. IVin,; Pastenr.—Jerrie
every Sunday Morning at 11 o'clock, A. M , and
o'clock P. M.
Second Presbjterian Church, Vartiar of South Elan.
OTOr and Pomfret. streets. (ter. John C SHIN.
Services o°ollllollre at 11 o ' clock, A. )1., and 7 o'clock
EOM
St. .11.,h It's Church. EpLropsll norLhonst nnq
of Centre 6.111p . .1. Hey..l C ItHrtur. Syr% ie.
at It oriole I. M., l' M.
!tura. 111,1t;.rl. lietwevn )Ia
htutlisol'astor. t o
vices at II k,'rl.c.'s A. NI . m.
. _
Geruht Itor..rneel , 'lleirch I, nl tiler. I.etw e.. II t
Dyer and Vitt. si.roet, rionu•i
Sereices et I t tt't.lo•'< A. `I.. e Were
Mt,tit list 4 . 1i.tr.r0•) t•re.
and Vitt, II ,1,11” n,•;"
Sulyi,eri at I I "',.1 , 11k A anti I'
)t,,,1i0.1.1) Cho, t.),•,v0t)1 ) 1),., ) 4 .
Bowul)n, Pxsfnr a Enzor) NI 'hurt II.).
o'clock A, no); ::‘:; I'. 11.
. .
Chulett ot 11e,t ror. of 1% rat S
and Chapel Alley. ".ot IL llet 1'4,10. orr
fit II u, go.. and 0 tn.
St p a t kit's. k .li.• rob Pomfret "oar
Rev Pa•tor, 6ortoro,vory OL/14 . :•:11
bath. tit 10 o'do. k. Vt•s}oos P.e
Lierman Luthrr.m Chun 11, corner f ai
Rev C. 1 , 11 A,, !915t.01 . . Sort icus
11 (MEW( P. V.
,0 1 utCes M show are novoSallry (1
proper persons uio requnital tri n"Lify us.
DICKINSON COLLEO I
Irtnanan NI. Johnson, I). D.. h a •sjd n and Pr
foosir 11./t ;11 :4ellilf1:11.
wffli te , C. tv,lsou, A. M., Professor of Natura
Science And Curator o the Museum.
Buy. IVilllant Boswell, A
()rook and Uorillan Lau gunges.
Surtuoi D. 111111..., A. M., Profa or of Nl:ahem:lt
Ica.
John K. Stayin n, A. M., Profesaor 0! the Latin and
French Lanu'inti;es.
lion. James ti. lira haus, LL. D , Pro lessor of Law.
Rey. Henry C. Cheriton, A. El . Principal of the
Grammar t-ehaal.
John Hood, Assistnot in the araromar School
BOARD OF SCHOOL DIRECTORS
E. Caron. n, President, James damilton, li. Saxton
R. C. Woodward, Henry isewsham, I.
.1' Ilumerich
Seet'y , J. W. Eby, Tressurar, John Spiv,. Messenger
Meet on the lot Monday of each Month tit 8 o'clock A
nt Education nail.
CORPORATIONS
CYIII.I9Lf; DEPO4Ir Il cv It.—Presidoll. I, It. 11. !louder.
eon, W. 31. Beetoul Oast,. J Ila,sler and C. D. 11..Itler
Tailors, W. 31. I'l..hlur Clerk , Ju". ❑n[erwoo . 3les
conger. Directors, It. 31 liend,orson, l'resldeut It C.
Woodward, Sidles Woodburn, Muses [tricker, Jolla
Zug, W. W. Dale, John D. Uorgas, .lo.eph J. Logan,
Juo. Stuart, jr.
FIRS r B.,NK.—PreSidOnt. Samuel Hepburn
Cit.bler../os. C. HotTer, Teller, Abuor C. Brindle, .les
■enger, Jesse Brown. Win. K or, John Dunlap, ltich'd
Woods, John C. Dunlop, .svau Brenneman, John S.
Sterrett, Sam . l. Hepburn, Directors.
CUMLIEILLANO l'Auxv It atnu.ta CoMPANY.—Promident,
Frederick %Valls: Secretary and Treasurer, Edward
M. Biddle: Superintendent, 0. N. Lull. Passeugui
trains throe times a day. Carlisle A...online stint,
Eastward, leaves Carlisle 5 55 A. M., arriving et Car
lisle 521 I'. Al. Thrnu.;ll trains Etstward, WA() A, M.
and 2:12,1'. M. Westward at 5.27, A. M., and 2.55 P.
CARLISLE a re AND WVIER CoMFANV.—Prosltleut, Lem
llei TVddj Truaruror, A. L. Spon•ln,r ; S upon In to
George Wise: Directors, F. %Vette, Win. M. Deeteint
X. M. Diddle, Henry `Sexton, it. C. Woodward, J. W.
Patton, F. tlerdner and D. 8, Croft.
SOCIETIES
Cumberland Stat Lodge No. 107, A. Y. M. moots nt
Marlon Hall on the god and 4th Tuesdays of every
month.
St. John's Lodge No. 260 A. Y. M. Meets 3d Thurs.
day of each month, at Morton Hall.
Carlisle Lodge No. Ul 1. 0 of 0. F. Meets Monday
evening, at rout's
Letort Lodge No. Gil, I. 0. of 0. T. Moots 01'06+
Thursday evening in h eem's Hall, 3d story.
FIRE COMPANIES
The Union Firs Company was organised In 1780.
House In I.euther between Pilt and Hanover.
The Cumberland Fire Company was Instituted Feb
18, 1809. House In Mulford, between Main ulla Pow
Prat.
• •
The bond Will Fire Company W3B imitittited in
March, 1855. House in Pomfret, near Hanover
The Itmpiro Muir and Ladder Company was inatitu•
tad In 1855. house In Pitt, near Hain.
RATES OF POSTAGE
Postage on all lettors of ode half ounce weight or
under, 3 coots pro paid.
Postags ou tho within the County, free
Within tho Stott, 13 colts por annum. To any part
ertho tinitod States, 26 cents Postage on all Iron
❑eat pdpurs, 2 colas per ounce. Advertisod lettera to
be charged with cost of advertising
/Z Jddi
COMMERCIAL COLLEGE
TIIIS Institution is again reopened and
reorganized. with a lull corps el Teachers awl
Increased facilities at Carlisle. Pa Youn it moo I pot
gat tie to make it direct appeal to ion in beholf of tlfat
Which should claim your first ef Inifloratioo. I n She
Weide of that honored and talented itatesinan Henry
Clay, "Young man prepare yourself for business
TIIIM IS emphatically a bSSilleßif lifStltSlloll. J.lvery
flltudatit i t here taught to originate and conduct, s ji the
lionkfrand Purina pot taioing to aetual
ocuaru o rt,o,vory in to praLtle°, mid tlltlrilby tllOlll
intrinie the regular routine ut the
COURSE no t iNsrituortos.
boub'e Entry noolc.liceplng.in Its vu rims Forms flirt
iTlClUding gouurnl Whole.tift
Excicinge..MlMln g
And gaitioadhlg. , timinboal ing.
Commurcial Calculations, Penmanship 11110Very_fltyli. of
tho art, Phonography. &c. Clerzymon's sow, enter the
school at half thu rogulac ratos. Night school from 7
WO P. Tl.
Vor larther
(lth parti cu or l add ars
resscall at the College llooma.
eeueS Ihilldlog)
Sond,rioea: binnilar
fiept. 0,48134—at
4 00IIMAN'S PHOTOGRAPHIC
,
am,t,mity.
sin 'street, opposite the National Bank, in Mrs. Nell's
!building.
July 22,186-1-Iy.
RRIPTCE Sr. (30's. well-knowp MELO
-DthONS and liAnmomous,-
do Of pedal baso.on every instrument. • . •
EARNEST G A SUM'S
RAVEN eo BACON'S and
•lIALLET, DAVIS, & Co., celabratedPiANOS for each
lat a liberal deduction.
X 115 : Over 30,080 sold.
JABIEO.IIELLAK, Solo Agent.
. • • 270 281 8, Fifth street, above epruce,
Oat. 14, 1801-0010', Philadelphia Pa
Again the blessings of health and an
abundant harvest claim our profoundest
gratitude to Almighty God.
The condition of our foreign affairs is
reasonably satisfactory.
Mexico continues to be a theatre of
civil war. While our political relations
with that country have undergone no
change, we hate at the same time strict
ly maintained a neutrality between the
belligerents.
At the request of the States of Costa
Rica and Nicaragua, a competent en
gineer has been authorized to make a
survey of the river of San Juan and the
port of San Juan. It is a source of
much satisfaction that the difficulties
which for a moment excited sonic poli
tical apprehensions, and caused a closing
of the inter-oceanic transit route, have
been amicably adjusted, and that there
is a god prospect that the route will
s o on be reopened with an increase of
capacity and adaptation. - We could not
exaggerate either the commercial or the
political importance of that great un-
provement.
It would be doing injustice to an im
portant, South American State not to ac
knowledge the directness, frankness and
cordiality with which the I:nited States
of Columbia have entered into intimate
relations with this government. A Claims
C,Mvention has been constituted to com
plete the unfinished work of the one'
which closed its session in I Stll
'flie new liberal constitution of Vene
zuela havin; , gone into efleet with the
universal aci l itieseetice of the p(!ople,
the _ , ..overiiiiient under it ha; been reeii ! ,
nized, awl illploinatie intereour,e with
it lilts been opened in a cordial and
frienilly: , pirit. I lie I ii de.crred .\rt
land claim h.i, been
awl (Fisch:lr.:ed. )littital \
b..en wade of the claim- ,INV,tl'.(t . :he
eru. eartzu , t and ecirdial Ir;eliii
ship continues to exist between Elie two
countries. nu l sunc efforts ;IS Were in
my power have Leen used to remove
misunderstanding.; and avert a threat
ened war between Peru and Span'.
Our relations are oi.the most friendly
nature with Chili, the Argentine Repub
lic, Bolivia, Costa Rica, Paraguay, San
Salvador and Hayti.
During the past year no differences of
any kind have arisen with any of those
republics, and on the other hand their
sympathies with the rnited States are
com:tantly expressed with cordiality and
'II., Professor of th
arnestness.
The claim arising from the seizure o
le cargo of the brig Macedonia, in 18 . 21
as been paid in full by the governmen
of Chili
Civil war continues in the Spanish
part of San Domingo, apparently with
out prospect of an early close. Official
correspondence has been freely opened
with Liberia, ;old it gives us a pleasing
view of social and political progression
iu that republic. It may be expected to
derive new vigor from American influ
ence, improved by the rapid disappear
ance of slavery in the I.iiited States 1
solicit your authority to furnish to the
republic a gunboat of modbrate cost, to
be reimbursed to the United States by
instalments. Such a vessel is needed
br the.satety of that State against the
native African races, and in Liberian
hands it would be more effective in ar
resting the African slave trade than a
squadron in our own hands. The pus
session of the least organized naval force
would stimulate a generous ambition in
the republic and the confidence which
we should manifest, by furnishing it,
would win forbearance and fitvor towards
colony from all civilized nations.
The proposed overland telegraph be
tween America and Europe, by_the - way.
of Belning's Straits and Asiatic Russia,
which was sanctioned by Congress at
the last session, has been undertaken un
der very favorable circumstances, by an
association of American citizens, with the
cordial good will and support, as well of
this governolent . as of that Great Britain
and Russia. Assurances have been re
ceived from most .of the South Ameri
can States of their appreciation
_o_f_the
enterprise, and their readiness to co-op
erate in constructing lines tributary to
that world-encircling communication. I
learn with much satisfaction that the
noble design of a telegraphic communb'
cation between the eastern coast of
America and Great Britain has been re-
flowed, with full expectation of its ac
complishment Thus it is hoped that,
with the return of domestic peace, the
country will be able to resume with en
ergy and advantage its former high on•
reer of commerce and ,civilization.
A. M. TRIMMER,
Our very popular and estimable rep
resentative in Egypt died in April last.
An unpleasant altercation which arose
between the temporary incumbent of the
office and the government of the Pasha
resulted . _ i i_ a - ..suspension_ofintercourse.
The evil was promptly corrected on the
arrival of the Successor in the Consu
late, and our relations with Egypt, as
well tis our , relations with the , Barbary
Powers, ere entirely satisfactory. .
Carlislo, Pa
VOL. 64.
RHEEM & WEAKLEY, Editors & Proprietors
THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE
FELLOW-CITIZENS OF THE SENATE AND
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES:
0,
.Hlll cotalltiSSiuli fur Lhe
betweon (IR. Unite I ;•:•;,zie, ati,l
.
t B L# t
The rebellion which has so long been
flagrant in
.China; has at last been sup
pressed with the co-operating good of:
flees of this government and of the oth
er western commercial States. The ju
dicial Consular establishment there has
become very difficultand onerous, and it
will need legislative revision to adapt it
to the extension of our commerce .and
to the more intimate intercourse which
has been instituted with the government
and people of that vast empire.
China seems to be accepting, with
hearty good will, the conventional laws
which regulate commercial and social in-
tercourse among the western nations.
Owing to the peculiar situation of Ja
pan, and the anomalous form of its gov
ernment, the action of that empire in
performing treaty stipulations is incon
stant and capricious. Nevertheless, good
progress has been effected by! the wes
tern Powers moving with enlightened
concert Our own pecuniary claims
have been allowed, or put in course of
settlement, and the Inland sea has been
The receipts during the year from all
sources upon the basis of warrants sign
ed by the Secretary of the Treasury, jn
eluding loans and the balance in the Trea
sury on the Ist day of July, 1863, were
$1,394,790,007 62, and the aggregate
disbursements upon the same basis were
81,208,056,101 69, leaving a balance in
the Treasury, as shown by warrants, of
896,739,9U5 73. Deduct from these a
mounts the amount of the principal of the
public debt, redeemed, and the amount of
issues in substitution thorefore, and the
actual cash operations of the Treasury
were : Receipts, 6881,070,6-16 57 ; dis
bursements, 8665,231,067 86, which
leaves a cash balance in the treasury of
618,812,55 71. Oldie receipts, there
were derived from ens:tuns $192,1116,15'2
99 ; from lands, t'58,3:.1:1 ; front di
rect taxe s , $175,618 93 ; from internal
revt nue, 619.1,711;111 10 ; front tuiseel
Lineous sourura , $17 ; 511,41 ; and
from b aria applied to actual expenditures,
Imill/ding former balance, $62 . 3,413, 929-
ther roculated by it, I recommend that 13
reopened to commerce. There is reason
to believe that these proceedings have
increased rather than diminished the
friendship of Japan towards the United
Sthtes.
The ports of Norfolk, Fernandina, awl
I'cnsacols have been opened by procla-
L t is hoped that foreign lifer
chants will now consider whether it is
not safer and mare profitable to the 11 -
se I v es, IL'S well Its just to the failed
States, to resort to these and other open
ports than it is to pursue, through many
hazards and at vast cost, a contraband
trade with ether port:" which are clo,e
if not lid• actual military occupation
la t hy a I t\vrul and exeetive I,lucka lc.
Vitt. nip:, I have no Wilda of the piw
er and duty cif the Executive, under the
law id . oxclu•lo tile
race 'non an ii , ylunt in the
.--tates. It' slniuld think
th.ll the in such- lack
the am.; linrity. ii law, or might to he fur-
privi.imi he made IL,r effectually pie
entin : , liuei a slave traders inan ae
ile and facilities . 16r their
1,1111 ll_
criminal occupation in (mr country. it
iv pwis!ble that. if it were a lICW and
die maritime Powers. with
the lights they now enjoy. would not
concede the pN'ileges of a naval belige
rent to the hisurgents of the Irnited
States, destitute as they are, and alw•ay'.
have been. eTtally of ships (df war am
or ports :Litd harbors. Disloyal einissa
ries hate heel' neither less assidous no.
wore sues e , :.d'ul during die 1;i t yen
than they were ht t;,re that time in thei
under 111‘ or of !hat privilege, ti
enibri.il uur country in tin•cign war
The desire and deteriainatiffii of tl
the maritime `'fates to le
feat that ilesi:m are believed to lie a, in
cure, and cannot he mere earnest thin
our own. Nevertheless, unforeseen 1,,
political difficulties have arisen, o:Tee
ially in Brazilian and British ports. and
on the northern boundary of' the rnitcd
States, which have required, and arc
likely to continue to require, the prac
tice of . constant vigilance. and a just and
conciliatory spirit 011 the part or the
United States, as well as of the nations
Concerned and their governments.
Commissioners have been appointed
under the treaty with Great Britain on
the adjustment of the claims of the
I ludson's Bay and Puget Sound Agri
cultural ,Col.llpanics,in Oregon, and are
1122 w proceeding to the execution of the
trust assigned to them.
In view of the insecurity of life and
property in the region adjacent to the
Canadian border, by retson of recent as
saults and depredations committed by
inimical and desperate persons who are
harbored there, it has been thought
proper to give notice that after the ex
piration of six months, the period con
ditionidly stipulated in the existing ar
rangement with Great Britain, the Uni
ted States must hold themselves at liber
ty to increase their naval armament up
on the lakes, if they shall and find that
proceeding necessary. The condition
of the border will necessarily come into
consideration in connection with' the
tluc-•tiuu of continuing of modifying the
rights of transit from Canada, through
the United States, as well as the regula
tion of imports which were temporarily
established by the Reciprocity treaty of
June sth, 1864,
I desire, however, to be understood
while making this statement, that the
colonial authorities of Canada are not
deemed to‘ be intentionalily unjust or
unfriendly towards the United States,
but on the contrary th9io is'every reason
to expect that, with 'the approval of the
Imperial government they will take the
necessary measures to prevent new in
cursions.across' the bordoi'
The act passed at the last session for
the encouragement of emigration has ; so
far as was possible, been put into opera
tion. It Seems to need amendMent which
will enable 'the officers of the government
to-prevent the practice of frauds against
the immigrants while on their way,„ and
on their arrival in the ports, so as to se
cure them here arfree choice of adoeations
sod
,places of settlement. A. liberal dis
position toward tliis groat national polioy
CARLISLE, PA., FRIDAY, DECEMBER 16, 1864.
is manifested by most of the European
States, and oughtAto be reciprocated on
our part by giving the immigrants effec
tive national protection.
I regard our immigrants as one of the
principal replenishing streams which are
appointed by Providence to repair the
ravages of internal war and its wastes of
national strength and wealth. All that
is necessary is to secure the flow of that
stream in its present fullness, and to that
end the government must, in every way,
make it manifest that it neither needs nor
designs to impose involuntary military
service upon those who come from other
lands to cast their lot in our country.
The financial affairs of the government
have been successfully administered dur
ing the past year. The legislation of the
last sessioir of Congress has beneficially
affected the revenues, although sufficient
time has not yet elapsed to experience the
full effect of several of the provisions of
the nets of Congress imposing inclreased
taxation.
e heti I.een di:,l)llNed fur eiviker-
vice 627,59 - , liti9 16; for pein:ions and In
diati;, 67,517,930 97 ; for the War De
partment., $titt0,791,812 97 ; for the
Navy „Department, $85,733,292 77 ; fur
interest on the pub ie debt, 5,-I'2l
- malciog an aggregate of
087 86, and leaving a balance in the
treasury of $4-8,842,558 71, as before
stated. For the actual receipts and dis
bursements for the first quarter, and the
estimated receipts and disbursements for
the three remaining quarters of the cur
rent -fiscal year, and the general opera
mons of the Treasury in detail, I refer
you to the report of the Secretary . of the
freasury. I concur with him in the
opinion that the proportion of moneys re
quired to meet the exponses consequent
upon the war &rived from taxation should
ho still further increased, and I earneqly
invite your attention to this subject, to
the end that there way be such addition
al legislation as shall be required to meet
the just expectations of the Secretary.
The public debt on the Ist of July last,
as appears by the books of the Treasury,
amounted to one billion seven hundred
and forty thousand millions six hundred
and ninety thousand four hundred and
eighty-nine dollars and forty-nine cents.
Probably, should the war continue fur an
other year, that amount will be increased
by not far from five hundred millions.
Held as it is, for the most part, by our
own people, it has become a substantial
branch of r atiunal, though private pro
perty. For obvious reasons, the wore
nearly this property can be distributed
among all the people the better. To fa•
vor such general distribution greater in•
dueements to become owners might per
haps, with good effect and without injury,
be presented to persons of limited means.
With this view, I suggest whether it
might not be both competent and expe
iiient for Congress to provide_that a limit
ed amount of some future issue of public
securities might be held by any bona fide
purchaser exempt from taxation and from
seizure for debt, under such restrictions
and limitations as might be necessary to
guard against abuse of so important a
privilege. This would enable every pru
dent person to set side a small annuity a
gainst a possible day of want.
Privileges - like - these - would render th
possession of such securities. to the amount
limited, most desirable to every person of
small means, who mighi, be able to save
enough for the purpose. The great ad
vantage of citizens being creditors, as
well As debtors, with relation to the pub
lic debt, is obviOup. Men readily , per
ceive that they cannot be much .oppress
ed by, a debt which they Owe to themsel.
• The publio debt on the first da s y of
July last, although somewhat exceeding
the estimate of the Secretary of the Trea
sury made to Congress at the-commence
ment of the last session, falls Short of the
estimate of that officer made in the pro
coding DecoMbor as to its_ probable a
mount at the beginning of this year by .
the 61116 of $:;995 - ,09781. This ftiot
exhibits a satisfactory condition and con
duct of the'oporations . of the Treasury.
. The national banking system. is prov
ing to be acceptable to Capitaliste and' to
the people. • ,0a the 25th day of-Noveni-
ber-fiveliundred and eighty-four nation
al banks had been organized, a consider
able number of which were conversions
from :State banks. Changes from the
State systems to the national systems are
rapidly taking place, and it is hoped that
very soon there will be in the United
States no banks of' issue not authorized
by Congress, and no bank-note circula
tion not secured by the government.
That the government and the people
will derive great benefit from this change
in the banking systems of the country
can hardly be questioned. The national
system will create a reliable and perma
nent influence in support of the national
credit, and protect the people against loss
es in the issue of paper money. Wheth
er, or not any further legislation is advisa
ble for the suppression of State batik is
sues it will be for Congress to determine
It seems quite clear that the Treasury
• :
cannot be satisfactorily conducted unless
the government can exercise a restrain
ing power over the bank note circulation
of the country.
The report of the Secretary of War
'and the accompanying documents will de
tail the camps igi s of the armies in the
field since the date of the last annual
message, and also the operations of the
several administrative bureaus of the War
Department during the last year. 'twill
also specify the measures deemed essen
tial for the national defence, and to luep
up and supply the requisite military force.
The report of the Secretary of the
Navy presents a comprehensive and satis
factory exhibit of the affairs of that de-
partinent and of the naval service. It is
a subject o! congratulation and laudable
pride to our countrymen that a navy of
such vast propirtiiimi has been organized
in so brief a period, and conducted with
so much efficiency and success. The
aerial exhibit of the navy, including
vessels under construction on the Ist of
ll,cember, 1861, shows a total of 671 yes.
ads, carrying 461 U guns and of 510,:;90
tons, being an actual increase during the
yar, over and above all losses by ship
wreck and battle, of 83 vessels, 167 guns
and 42,427 tons.
Tin:: total number of men at this time
in the naval.service, including officers, is
about - 51,000. There have been ceptur
ed by the navy during the year 324 ves
gels, rind the whole number of naval cap
tures since hostilities commenced is 1379
of which 267 are steamers. The gross
proceeds arising from the sale of eon-
dawned prize property thus reported a
mount to $l-1,896,250 51. A large a
mount of such proceeds is still under ad
judication, and yet to be reported. The
total expenditures of the Navy Depart-
went of every description, including the
cost of the itoniense squadrons that have
been called into existence from the 4th of
March, l til, to the Ist of November,
lAlit,are $2.;8,647,262 35. Your favor.
able consideration is invited to the cart
ous recommendations of the Secretary o
the Navy, especially in regard to a navy
yard nod suitable establishment fur the
construction and repair of iron vessels,
and the machinery and armature for our
ships, to which reference was made in my
last annual mesa..e.
Your attention is also invited to the
views expressed in the report in relation
to the legislation of Congress at its last
session in respect to prizes in our inland
vvaters
I cordially concur in the recommenda
tion of the Secretary as to the propriety
of creating the new rank of vice admiral
in our naval service
- Vatic attention is invited to the report
of the Postmaster General for a detailed
account of the operations and financial
condition of the Post•office Department.
The postal revenues for the year ending
June 30, 1861 ; amounted to 812,438,263-
78, and the 'expenditures to $12,644,786-
20—the excess of expenditures over re
ceipts being $206,652 42.
The views presented by the Postmas•
ter General on the subject of special
grants by the government -in aid of the
establishment of new lines of ocean mail
steamships, and the policy he recomr
mends for the development of increased
commercial intercourse with adjacent and
neighboring countries, should receive the
careful consideration of Congress.
It is of noteworthy interest that the
-- sterdrarpa trui - on orpop — ctlNtiorr; improve
wont and governmental institutions over
tho new and unoeaupied portions of our
country have scarcely been oheeked, much
less impeded or destroyed, by our great
civil war, which. at the first glance, would
seem to have absorved almost the entire
energies of the nation.
The organization and admission of the
State of Nevada has been completed in
conformity, with law, and thus our excel
lent system is firmly established in the
Mountains whidh once seemed a barren
and uniuliahitable waste between the At
lantic Stated and those which have grown
up on the Pacific ocean.
The territories of.the Union are gener
ally in a condition of prosperity and rapid
growth. Idaho and. Montana,- by- reason
of their great distance and the interrup
tion of communication with them by Iti 7
have hien only partially
organized, but it is understood that these
difficulticm.ar about to disappear,- which
will permit their governMents, like thosb
TERNS:--$2,00 in Advance, or $2,50 within the year,
of the others, to go into speedy and full
operation
As intimately connected with and pro
motive of this material growth of the
nation, I ask the attention of Congress to
the valuable informdtion and important
recommendation relating to the public
lands, Indian affairs, the Pacific, Rail
road, and mineral discoveries contained
in the report of the Secretary of the In
terior, 17,hich is herewith transmitted;
and which report also embraces the sub
jects of patents, pensions and other *top
ics of public interest pertaining to his de
partment.
The quantity of public - land disposed
of duripg the five quarters ending on the
30th of September last was 4,221,342
acres, of which 1,338,644 acres were en.
tered under the homestead law ; the re
mainder was located with military land
warrants, agricultural scrip certified to
States for railroads, and sold foi. cash.
The cash received from sales and location
fees was $1,019,446. The income from
sales during the fiscal year ending Juno
30, 1864, was $678,007 21, against $136,
077,95 received during the preceding
year. The aggregate number of acres
surveyed during the year has been equal
to the quantity disposed of; and there is
open to settlement,. about 133,000,000
acres of surveyed land.
The great enterprise of connxting the
Atlantic with the Pacific States by yAll
ways and telegraph lines has been enter
ed upon with a vigor that gives assurance
of success, notwithstanding the ember-
rassuients arising from the prevailing
high prices of materials and labor. The
route of the n-ain line of the road has
been definitely located for one hundred
inilcs westward from the initial point at
Omaha City, Nebraska, and a partial loca
tion of the Pacific Railroad of California
has been made from Sacramento eastward
to the Great Bend of the Truckee river
in Nevada. Numerous discoveries of gold,
silver and cinnabar mines have been add
ed to the many heretofore known, and
the country occupied by the Sierra Ne.
vada and Rocky /Mountains and the sub
ordinate ranges now teems witn enterpris
ing labor, which is richly remunerative.
It is believed the product of the mines of
precious metals in that region has during
the yea'r reached, it not exceeded, one
hundred millions in value.
It was recommended in my last annual
message that our Indian system be remod
elled. Congress at its last session, acting
upon the recommendation, did provide
for reorganizing the system in Caltiornia,
and it is believed that under the present
olganizatioq the management of the In-
(harts there will be attended with reason
able success. I.luch yet remains to be
done to provide fbr the proper govern
ment of the Indians in other parts of the
country, to render it secure for the advan
cing settler, and to provide for the ln ,
dians The Secretary reiterates his re
commendations, and to them the suet].
Gan of Congress is invoked.
The liberal prov :ions wade by Con
gress fur paying pi nsiuns tu invalid soldiers
and sailors of the republic, and to the
widows, orphans, and dependent mothers
of those who have fallen in battle or died
of disease contracted or of wounds receiv
ed in the service of their country, have
been diligently adtuitsisteri.d.
Thera havo been added to the pension
rolls during the year ending the 30th day
of June last the names of 16,770 invalid
soldiers and of 271 disabled seamen, intik-
ing the present number of army invalid
pensioners 22,767, and of navy invalid
pensioners 712. Of widows, orphans and
mothers, 22,198 have been placed on the
army pension rolls and 248 on the navy
rolls. The present number of arwy pen
sioners of this class is 25,433 and of
navy pensioners 793. At the beginning
of the year, the number of revolutionary
pensioners was 1,430. Only twelve of
them were soldiers, of whom seven have
since died. The remainder aro those who,
under the laws, receive pensions because
of relationship to revolutionary soldiers.
Daring the year ending 30th of June,
1864, 81,504,616 92 have been paid to
pensioners of all ()lasses.
I cheerfully commend to your contin
ued patronagn . the benevolent institutions
of the District of Columbia, which have
hitherto been established or fostered by
Congress, and respectfully refer for infor
mation concerning them, and in relation
to the Washington aqueduct, the Capitol,
and other matters of local interest, to the
report of the Secretary .
The Agricultural Department, under
the supervision of its present ener
getic and faithful head, is rapidly com
mending itself to the great and vital in
terests it was created to advanoe. _.lt is
peculiarly the people's departinent, in
which they feel tnore directly concerned
than in any other. I commend it to the
continued attontion'.and fostering care of
Congress.
The war continues, Since the last an
nual' ni'essage all the important linea and
'positions awn occupied by our forces have
been maintained, and our arms have Seen
steadily' advanced, thus liberating the re
gions loft in the rear; so that .11ilissouri,
'Kentucky, Tennessee,-and parts of
,other,
States, htive again ; produced reasonably
fair °rope.
the most retnirkal;le ientge' in 'the
' military operations of the year is General
Shcrman's attempted march of three hun
dred miles directly through the insurgent
region. It tends to slmw a great increase
of our relative strength that our General
in-Chief should feel able to confront and
hold. in check every active force of the
enemy, and yet to detach a well-appointed
large aru.y on such an expedition. The re
sult not yet being known, conjecture in
regard to it is not here indulged.
Important movements have also occur
red during the year to the effect of mould
ing society for the durability of the Un
ion. Although short of complete success,
it is much in the right direction that
twelve thousand citizens in each of the
States of Arkansas and Louisiana have
organized local State governments with
free constitutions, and are earnestly strug.
glint to maintain and administer them.
The.movements in the same direction,
more extensive, though less definite, in
Missouri, Kentucky and Tennessee, should
not, be overlooked; but Maryland presents
the examphi of complete success. Mary
land is secure to liberty and Union for
all future. The genius of rebellion
will no more claim Maryland. Like an
other foul spirit, being driven out, it may
Seek to tear her, but it will woo her no
more.
At the last session of Congress a pro
posed amendment of the Constitution,
abolishing slavery throughout the United
States, passed the Senate, but failed, for
want of the requisite two-thirds vote, in
the House of representatives. Although
the present is the same Congress, and
nearly the same members, and without
questioning the wisdom and patriotism of
those who stood in opposition, I venture
to recommend the reconsideration and pas
sage of the measure at the present session.
.Of course, the abstract question is not
changed, but an intervening election
shows certainly that the nest Congress
will pass the measure, if this does not.
Hence there is only a question. of time as
to when the proposed amendment will go
to the States for their action ; and as it
is so to go, at all events, may we not agree
that the sooner the better
It is not claimed that the election has
imposed a duty on. members to change
their views or their votes, any farther than,
as an additional element to be considered,
their judgement may be ufrooted by it.
t is the v, ice of the people, now for the
first time heard upon the question. In a
great national crisis like 'ours, unanimity
of action among those seeking a cowmen
end is very desirable—almost indespensa
ble—and yet no approach to such una
nimity is attainable, unless seine deference
shall he paid to the will of the majority.
In this case the common end is the
maintenance of the Union, and among
e means to secure that end such will,
through the election, is most clearly de
clared in favor of such a constitutional
amendment. The nio-t reliable indication
of public purpose in this country is de
rived through our popular elections.—
JudHng by the recent canvass and its re
sults, the purpose of the people within
the loyal States to maintain the integrity
the Union was never more firm nor
non: nearly unanimous than now. The
xtraordinary calmness and good order
vith which the tnillious of voters mingled
at the polls gave strong assurance of this.
Not only all those who supported the
Union ticket, so called, but a great major
ity of the opposing party, also, may be
fairly claimed to entertain and to be actu.
ate] by the same purpose. It is an un
answerable argument to this effect, that
no candidate 11)r any office, however high
or low, has ventured to seek votes on the
avowal that he was for giving up the
Union.
There has been much impugning of
motives and much heated controversy as
to the proper means n'tid best mode of ad
vancing the Union cause; but on the dis
tinct issue of Union or no Union the pol-
iticians have shown their instinctive
knowledge that there is no diversity a
mong the people. In affording to the
people the fair opportuity of showing one
to another, and to the world, this firmness
and unanimity of purpose, the election
has boon of vast value to the national
EMI
The election has exhibited another fact
not less valuable to be known—the fact
that we do not approach exhaustion in
the most important branch of national re
sources—that of living men. While it is
melati_choly to reflect that_the_war--has
filled so many graves and• carried mourn
ing to so many hearths, it is some relief
to know that, compared With the surviv
ing, the fallen have been, so few. kilo
corps and divisions and brigades and reg
iments have fortied andfought and dwin
dled and gone out of existence, a great
majority of the men who composed thorn
are still living. The 'same is true of the
naval service. The election' returns prove
this. So many votes could not else he
found. The States regularly holding
elections, , both now and'foUr years ago,tp
•
wit; California, Conneoticut,; Delaware,
Illinois, Indiana, lowa, Kentucky, Maine,
Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Min
nosota, Missouri, New - Hampshire, New
Jersey, New york, Ohio,'Oregon, Penn
sylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West
Virginia, and -Wisconsin,. oast 8,082,011
votes now-against 8,870,222 cast Alien;
Showing an aggregato nokof 8,90,01
To this is to be added 38,762 casitiow . iq
the new 'Sqttes of Kansas and 'Netada t
which States did not vote in 1860, thus
swelling the agggate to 4,016,773, and
the not increase luring the three Peon
and a half of war to 145,551. A table
is appended showing particulars.' To tbis
again should be added the numberef Pol.
diers in ttio field from Massachusetts,
Rhoda Island, New Jersey, Dela Ware,
diana, Illinois and California, who by the
laws of those States could not vote away
from their homes, and which number cad
not be less than 90,000. Nor yet is this
all. The number in the organized terri
tories is triple now what it was four yeti's
ago, while thousands, white and black,
join us as the national armies press back
the insurgent lines. So multi') shown
affirmatively and negatively by the elec
tion. It is not material to inquire how
the increase has been produced, 'er to .
show that it would have been greater but
for the war, which is probably true. The'
mportant fact remains demonstrated, that
we have more men now than we had when
the war began—that wo aro not ethaust•
ed, nor in process of exhaustion; that
we are gaining strength, and may, if need
be, maintain the contest indefinitely.—
This as to men. Material resources are
now more complete and abundant than
The national resources thew
unexhausted, and, as we believe, inex
haustible. The public purpose to re-es
tablish and,maintain the national anther
ity is unchanged, and, as we believe, un- ,
changeable. The manner of continuing
the effort remains to choose. On careful
consideration of all the evidence accessi
ble, it seems to me that no attempt at ne
gotiat ion with the insurgent leader would
result in any good. le would accept ,
nothing short of severance of the Union
—preci,ely what we cannot and will not
give Ills declarations to this effect are
explicit and oft repeated. Ho does not
attempt to deceive us 7 —be affords us no
excuse to deceive ourselves. He cannot
voluntarily re accept the Union—he can
not voluntarily yield it. Between him
and us the issue is distinct, single and.
inflexible.
NO. 50.
Mil
It is an issue which can only be tried .
by war and decided by victory. If we
yield we are beaten. If the southern peo
ple fail him he is beaten. Either way. it
would be the victory and defeat following
war. What is true, however, of him who
heads the insurgent eause.is not necessa--
rily true of those who follow. Although
he cannot reaccept the Union, they can.
Some of them we know already desire
peace and reunion. The number of such
may increase. They can at any moment
have peace simply by laying down their
arms and submitting to the national-au
thority under the Constitution. After Bo
much, the government could not, if it
would, maintain war against them. The
.loyal people would not sustain - or allow
it. If questions should remain, we would
adjust them by the peaceful means of leg
islation, conferences, courts and votes, op
eratieg only in constitutional and lawful
channels.
Some certain and other possible ques
tions are and would be beyond the Exec
utive power to adjust, as far instance, the
talinission of members into Congress, and
whatever might require the appropriation
of money. The Executive power itself
would be greatly diminished by the ces
sation of actual war, Pardons and re-
missions of forfeitures, however, would
still be within Executive control. In
what spirit and temper thisoontrol would
bo exercised can be fairly judged of by
the past. A year ago a general pardon and
amnesty, upon specified terms, were offer
ed to all except certain designated class
es, and it was at the same time made
known that the exempted glasses were
still within contemplation of special clem
ency. lluring the year many availed
themselves ()Cale generl provision, and
many more would, only that the signs of
bad faith in some led to such precaution
ary measures as rendered the practical
process less easy and certain. During the
same time, also, special pardons have been
granted to individuals of the excepted
classes, and no ,voluntary application has
been denied. Thus, practically, the door
.has been for a full your open to all except
such as were not in a condition to make
free choice---that is, such as were in cus
tndy or under constraint. It is still so
open to all. But the time may corns
when public duty shall demand that it be
closed, and that, in lieu, more vigorous
measures than heretofore shall be adopted
hi presenting the abandonment of
armed 'resistance to the national , authority
on the part of the as the oily
indispensiblo condition to ending thewar
on the part of the government, I retract
nothing heretofore said as to slaveri: I
repeat the declaration made - it year ago,
that while I remain in my present 'posi
tion I shall not attempt to retract or mod
ify the emancipation proolamationi, nor
shall I return to slavery any person who
is fro by the terms of that proolamation
or-by any of the acts of Congress. •
If the people should, by whatever mode'
of means, make it an Executive duty to
re-enslave such persons, another, and not
I, must-be their instrument to perform
it. .
In stating a single Qonditjon of lime,
I mese Simply to, say. that the' wag will
iieaseon the.part of the goveroment.when
ever it shall have ceased on' the •part -of
those who began it.
(Signed) ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
December 6, 1864.
.
THE average Weight of the brain ofam an
is three and a-half pounds; that of a- woman
is two pOunds'And eleven ounces:
The rod that blgssomed_in tholianda of;,4a.
ron boars excellent friiit in the, *lads of a.
Schoolmaster.
Grvi us not; mob, like the weatlioropoke,.
that; Outgo with ovary wind,. but men like ,
moutital nO, whochange the witiah Uterine - iv es.