geraid
CARLISLE, PA.
Friday, March 26, 1864.
El. 11. PETTENOIL t CO.,
No. 37 Park Row, New York, and 6
State St. Buxton, are our Agents for the HERALD
Isk those cities, and are authorized to take Advertise
ments and Subscriptions for us at our lowest rates.
The People's Choice for President,
ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
McClellan and his Report.
With the history of the Peninsular cam
paign we have long since been sorrowfully
familiar. That it was entered upon at his
own election, others yielding their preferen•
oes, and that it utterly failed to accomplish
what it proposed have become matters of his.
tory. The people are wont to estimate ability
in Generals just as they do in men in "(her
spheres of action, by the results effected.—
In this way the popular estimate has been
formed ution McClellan, and McClellan once
the favorite of the many has become apparent
ly the willing tool of a faction who wish
through him to rise to power. To effect
this it Is necessary to shift the entire re
sponitibilty of the Peninsular campaign from
him to others. This seems to be the solo ob
jeot of his report, lately published, and now
circulated by his friends as a campaign docu
ment. In this defence, in order to satisfy
the people, as he himself seems to be perfect
ly convinced, he finds it necessary to throw
the whole blame upon President Lincoln,
Secretary Stanton and 'General Halleck.--
Now, that McClellan did'nt receive all the re
inforcements he asked for ovey one admits ;
and the reason is simply this ; it would have
taken the resources of nine or ten of the great
est kingdoms of the world to have met his
demands. But, that lie received all that was
in the power of the Government to give, with
out imperiling our own existence as a nation,
is equally true. The Peninsular route made it
absolutely necessary that a large force should
be—retained, fur_the defense- of the National
Capital, and of this fact McClellan was re
peatedly advised before he made his choice of
a route. On the Bth, of March 186'2, NILCIeI
lan's own estimate of the whole Rebel arm ) .
of the Potomac was but one hundred and fit
teen thousand, five hundred; yet he had scarce -
y landed his army upon the Peninsula, be
tore General Jackson, driving before
General Banks command, (depleted until it
was almost a nominal one in order to rem
fosse the army or the Potomac,) with an army
of forty thousand men threatened the capital
Suppose McClellan's advice had been followed
to the letter and all our available forces had
been thrown in front of Richmond, does any
one believe that the leaders of the Rebellion
would have hesitated% moment to have sac•
rificed Richmond as the price of Washington.?
To them to have lost Richmond would have
been of little moment, to us at that time to
have lost Washington would have been to have
almost lost our hope of success. And how
easily the Rebel army could have reached
Washington before McClellan, is shown by the
fact of their threatening it long before his
army oould'arrive even from Harrison's Land
ing. All the forces that could possibly be
spared were forwarded. Still complaint af
ter complaint was telegraphed to Washington ;
and, when contrary to his expectations he
suffered a reverse, he became absolutely in
solent is his despatch to the Secretary of
War. Stanton telegraphed to him as late as
June 28th in the following kindly terms:
"Nothing will be spared tc sustain ycu, and
I have undoubting faith in your success."—
In reply, McClellan insolently tells him :
" , You have done your best to sacrifice this
Army," Hardly the proper language of a
subordinate to a superior, especially in mili
tary parlance. The truth is, in all these op
erations, only in a larger and grander scale,
McClellan played the part of a "petted child,"
who seemed to think that he could have every
thing for which he asked, and then throw the
blame of his own mistakes and failures upon
others. That this was his conduct at the
time was apparent, but in the , light of his
present report It is still more clearly evident.
And, again, iu a letter to the President on the
military condition of the country in general,
he absolutely attempts to dictate to the Ad
ministration their line, not only of military
but even of civil policy, and that too when he
must have known that his ideas were entirely
at war with the views of the best statesmen
of all parties. In short his whole line of
conduct would indicate a spirit which had it
the power would threaten our liberties with
military dictation and despotism. His friends
speak of the despotism of the present Admin
istration. How much more reason should
they thave,to fear despotism from the man
who would attempt to dictate to his superiors
..not only.in.affair.of his own profession but
oven in matters in a measure incompatible
with it —That,McClellan be the next can
didate of the Democratie party for President
is a forgone conclusion, admitting him to be
a capable General -what claim has he to the
statesmanship that -should characterize the
man who is to guide us through the perils of
. the next four years ? Surely there is need of
statesmanship such as can only be acquired
experience to remodel a truer and frimer
~,Union thttu.oven our old one. McClellan's re
port wilt neither satisfy the country that he
is a great General, nor the man fitted to be
our chief Magistrate duriqg the coming four
years. There is one man who has carried us
safely thus far and in him the people will a
gain. confide, Abraharo Lincoln must, be
President not of a broken disseverod Union
but a Union restored and entrio
Bounty Brokers.
This olass of sharks have become the curse
of every patriotic community ; watohiug with
the nyeq,of a lynx for an opportunity to ply
their nefarious oocupation, they fasten itpon
Nprostpeotive recruit with the tenacity of a
-.4toPyrei. and never relinguish their grasp
until their prey has been plunked of the very
last penny his credulity will ; yield. The
following article from the Hollidaysburg Re
;lister exposes the mode of operations in that
region, and as the plan is exactly simi
lar to thatpursnad Vero, we give the article
entire' lle'r4t,iti-;`
We' do not Itnowthat 'a decent man oould
, be more grossly libelled than 4,applyin g to
«„„l;tim the term "Bounty lirolter. ' There is
'nothing in the etymology of the words which
mak,e9 it necm , snrily disreputable; , it ,ls the
character of the busineSs transacted by those
to whom it is applied, that diakes it a term of
reproach. By oßounty Broker" is meant a
creature, in the form of a man, who hangs
round a Provost Marshal's office to grab up
volunteers, that he may peddle them off 'to
fill up the quota of some Township,' which
pays a local bounty, be, the broker, manag
ing by lying and fraud to eecurea large share
thereof. Some Townships pay a bounty of
$250, some $3OO and some $360. Within
the last ten days probably two hundred men
have been sworn into the service, and placed
to the credit of these Townships. Not one of
these men as far us we have been able to as
certain, received over $2lO beauty and very
many of them $2OO. Now how much did the
Broker get? A fair average of the bounties
for these Townships, for which the brokers
were working, would be $3OO, which for the
200 men would make $60,000.
How much did'the volunteers receive of it?
Estimating that each man received $2lO,
which is a high average, would make forty
two thousand dollars. The balance of the
sixty thousand, or eighteen thousand dollars,
was pocketed by the brokers, add to this sum
the fifteen dollars paid by the Government for
each recruit, which is also pocketed by the
brokers, makes three thousand more, or alto
gether twenty-out thousand dollars. From
all the information we can get as well as from
our own observation, not more than six or
seven fellows are known to have been moan
enough to engage in the dirty business, which
would leave, on an average, to each of them
about three thousand dollars. We say that
those "Bounty Brokers are dishonest, mean
men, who would be common thieves if they
were not afraid of the state's Prison. Be
cause they make money ? No ; but because
they make it by lying, deception and fraud,
practiced upon honest, unsophisticated volun
teers, and-because they render no equivalent
for it. They lie to the recruit by telling him
that his family which lives in Blair, Cambria
or Bedford county will get relief during his
absence, when he is mustered iu to the credit
of some Township in Bucks, Chester or Becks
county. They deceive the volunteer by cans
ing him to believe that the amount they pay
hint is whet the Township has appropriated'
They render no equivalent for the money.—
Who will say that the work performed by any
one of these six or seven tniscrants was in ten
days worth three thousand dollars ? The
Government estimates such work as worth
fifteen dollars for &Leh roan, while tbe'buttnlY
broker cheats the volunteer out of ninety dol
lars additional. Now who are these low,
cowardly sneaks, engaged in cheating the men
who volunteer to fight their's and the court*
try's battles ? We venture tho assertion that
if you go to the localities front whence they
came, anti inquire of their ne!ghborE,
who know them best, you will find that their
very'-names tire, aynony..nis.,:of -meanness and
villainy, that the, tire the chaps who abuse
their neighbors, who cheat their creditors,
beat and kick their wives, starve their tooth
ere, and iloc't clicol their chilitreo. No lion
tit 11111.0 watts 10 be seen in their company :
that they are of all men rnomf despicable. I.
there no way of stopping the rascality of these
fellows? Are they to be allowed to continue
filling their pockets at the expensv of the sot
deir and his tinnily until the Ist of-April?
Should Workingmen be Free.?
in the address of the rebel Congress, which
we noticed sonic days ago: it is explained tb
the people of the South, and of the whole Un
ion, that it was intended by the act of secess-
ion to form an independent Confederacy
"founded on the proper relations between
.capital and labor." What are.the proper re
lations between capital and labor? Let any
blacksmith, carpenter or other mechanic ask
himself and companions that question, - and
and will be the reply ? Will it be that the capi
talist has a right lc own the laborer'? •to make
him work for nothing but a pittance of coarse
food and,two suits of linsey woclsey per year?
to buy him and sell him, flog him, brand him,
and shoot him if he should happen to take it
into his head to .trike for wages ? • To keep
.him upon one spot all his lifetime, drive him
to his home at dark every night, and subject
him to arbitrary arrest, or flogging or impris
onment, if he stirs abroad without a pass
-from the capitalist who "employs" him ? Is
that the proper relation between capital and
labor, according to the belief of any brick
laye•s laborer or bl-soksmith's striker in the
north ! Would not the poorest of them all
think it au insult, to be repaid with a blow-of
his fist, if he were coolly invited to enter into
such a relation towards a "capitalist"?
Yet this is precisely what the "capitalists"
mean who form the rebel Congress. Accord
ing to their notions, the capitalist, iu a well
regulated state, should own the laboror.—
Numberless- essays have been written upon
this theory by slaveholders, who agree char
mingly upon this point. The laborers of the
South have not told us, however, what they
think; partly because from the lack of such free
schools as northern workingtneu send their
children to, the southern laborer more often
makes his X mark than writes a plain hand ;
and partly, too, because when ner an un
lucky laborer in the South began to argue
his side of the question the shrewd capitalists
cried out "abolitionist," and hustle the
troublesome fellow out of the country—as
witness the ease of Mr. S—Tharin, who
nearly lost his life for attempting to set up in
Montgomery a free labor newspaper. When
all the writers and speakers aro on.one side,
and the other side either cannot ,write, or are
not permitted to, there results naturally an
appearance of much unanimity.
The proper relation between capital and la•
bor is expressed by a homely saying in the
free States ; "A fair day's wages for a fair
day's work.;' When a mochani , . or other
workingman gets that, he is satisfied, and
feels that the proper relation exists between
himself and the capitalist who employs him.
But to get that, he knows very well that his
fellow workmen must not underbid him ; must
not work for less than fair pay In a free so•
eiety the matter regulates itself, though
sometimes the aid of trade unions is called in
even amongst us, to preserve the proper stan
dard. But how is it in a slave society 7 Can
the, free workman hope to obtain his rights
from the capitalist, when another workman is
compelled to un lerbid him ? Can a free
.hiaok i smith expect his neighbor the capitalist,
to pay„him a fair day's trages for a fair day's
Work„when that capitalist Call buy another
blacksmith. awl force him to work for nothing
but hie pook,of oorn per week and two suits
of clothes per year ? The proper relation be
tween capital and labor is at once overturned,
the free workman must work for slave's wa.
gas, for dry bread and linsey-woolsay, or else
the empitalist turns up his nose at him, and
refuses to employ him.
It is notorious says the Now York Post, that
this was the aotual state of affairs- in the
South before the war. We have 'been told
by working men how difficult it was to edam'
a decent living in any planting region ; how
the planters would not employ them,, pre
fering to have their eleven - taught all the
useful trades. Wo have been told by viefilthy
planters that "it was inconvenient to omploy,
free carpenters, Wheelwrights, or 'mechanics.
of any find. They want too much ; they'
though too much of themselves ; they we're
too troublesome"—for these capitalists. We
have heard a planter boast that on his Plan
tation he had slaves, as good shoemakers, as
good carpenters, millers, wheelwrights, black
smiths, engineers, as any ; and this man as
serted that as ,long as he lived he would nev
er again employ a . free mechanic.
That is what the rebel Congress meant
when they talked of estab'ishing "an inde
pendent Confederacy, found upon the proper
relations between capital and lab.)r." It was
a tolerably impudent speech to make in the
presence of some millions of freemen who aro
not capitalists. An orator who should try it
on an audience of mechanics in any free State
would scarcely escape being 'booted" out of
propriety. But the southern capitalists have
taken their measures carefully ; they have
discouraged and neglected free schools, and
expelled "Yankees," and the result is that:the
southern freemen who are not capitalists aro
left Lorca in ignorance ; and the pretty phrase
aboutrelatious between capital arid labor is an
enigma to ibem.
That. workingmen have rights, no one here
ds so foolish as to deny ; but workingmen
thomstlves do not yet comprehend how abso•
lately necessary it is to their safety and well
being, that no .contrivance shall be permitted
by which capitalists can gain an unfair ad
vantage of them. Now, of all contrivances
to that end, that which gives a capitalist the
right to own workmen is the most fatal.
It establishes at once a competition which the
free workman cannot withstand. It places
him at the mercy of the capitalist, who grinds
him to the dust, and if he attempts to resist,
simply grim into the market and buys another
workman who must labor for him without
wages. In free State there Is a mutual de
pendence of capital on labor and labor on
capital ; in a slave State the capitalist, is in.
dependent, the workman only is dependent.
If any workman in a free State 'Milks -this
does nct, cone rn tue, I am not affected by
slavery a hundred or five hundred miles a
way." lie is greatly mistaken lie is not.yet
so injuriously 4f:coned by slavery as pro the
unhappy wretches who live In the midst of
this fatal competition ; but he suffers never.
thuleus. Tbe price nf labor is regu utel by
the demand ; if free litlier hay! been in tlemand
over Ilia whole .Union in former years, fleece
would have been increased everywhere. The
field would have been immensely greater;
the supply is, in the nature of things, limit.
ed ; and the inevitable result would have
been, higher wages for workingmen all over
the Unmn.
Finally, let American workingmen ask each
other, for whom is this whole Union—for
theni, or for capitalist. who own their work
men? Hitherto the booth—ono half, and
- the richest halt of the Union—has been-closed
to free American workmen Except in the
few great cities, there has been it° employ
ment for them ; no demand, no call for their
services. ,If those States are once free, if
the fatal competition cf slavery is removed,
there is uo corner of that great. region in
which workingmen will not lied- high wages
and a welcome. But so lung as slavery re•
mqios, so long i,e one half the Union closed a
gainstifree workingmen, and cpen only to the
,capitalist, who can godhere and buy his ,iverk
men to work without wages.
[Fr, m the Union County Sear, Letvi3bury, ]
TORY GROWLS
[From the early althon of Afarshall'a Life of
Wazhinglion, Vol. V.]
[On page 613, speaking of Jay's Treaty
wilb England, approbated by President WASH
INUION, and the "abominable misrepresenta
tions" which "affrighted misinformed minds"
respecting it, the rtivered,l'ilief ,Justice MAR
SHALL says:]
"Such hold had the President laken of the
affections of the people, !lila even his enemies
had deemeddt generally necessary to preserve,
with regard to him, external marks of de
cency and respect. Previous to the mission
of Mr. Jay, charges against the chief magis
trate, though frequently mutt/afro', had sel
dom been directly made. That mission visi
bly effected the decorum winch hitil been us
ually observed towards him, and the ratifica
tion cf the treaty brought into open view sea•
sat ions which had long been •ill concealed.—
With eqttal virulence the military and political
character of the Prcsideat was attached and he
was AVVrred to. be totally d statue qf merit
'either Ito a soldier or a statesman. The calum
nies with which ho was assailed, were not.
eunfined to his public conduct : even his qual
ities as a man were the subjects of detraction.
That lie bad eiolated the constitution in negott
sting a treaty without the prev•ous advice of
the -Senate, and in embracing within that
treaty subjects belonging exclusively to the
Legislature, was openly maintained, for which
au impeachment was publicly suggested ; au
that he had drawn from the treasury for his
private use more than the salary annexed to his
Vice, was unblushingly asserted. This last
allegation was said to be supported by ex
tracts from the treasury accounts which had
maintained with the most persevering effronte , y
been laid before the Legislature and :was
Though the secretary of the treasury denied
that the appropriations made by the Legisla
ture had been exceeded the atrocious charge
was still confidently repealed; and the few who
triumph in any spot which might tarnish the
lustre of Washington's fame, felicitated them
selvels on the prospect of obtaining a victory
over, the reputation of a patriot, to whose sin
gle influence they ascribed the failure of their
political plans."
, [Upon retiring from the Presidency, Con
gress passed resolutions complimentary to
Gen., Washington. Opposing this expression
of approval, a,Metnber of Congress named
Giles, spoko upon the floor, (see p. 722, &o ,)
as follows ; }
"With respect to the wisdom and firmness,.of .
the I', ssidcnt, ho differed iu opinion._ ire-had
not that grateful conviction there Mentioned,
and he..was to come there and camas it,
ho should prove an inconsistent charaoter.—
He &tmid not.go into a' lengthy.diticuesion on
this ppiert,•but,ii they turned. thpir,eyee to
our foreign relations, !hero : wont/I belqund n 9
reason to' gu't In the wisdom and titinness'Of
the administration. He believed; on the con
rary:that id.was from a , want of wisdoni.and
firmness that we were.brought ipte,our ,pres
era critioal sititation., , go }vas one,of those
citizens who tlnkupt rcgret the President:s . rclir.-
ing from • office. lle believed there wettp,:sti,
thousand seen-inn-the -United--States tvege-.
capable of filling the :-Prosidential -chair as'•
well as it, had been „filled, .heretnfore. He
wished the President as - muolv-happiness as
any man; and hoping he wonld retire, d.to could
not express any regrets-at the.rivent. go,
for his part retained the same. upinions that
he had always donoZwith, rospeet. to , those'
measures, nor should.any,„intitionee - under
heaven, prevent him „trete expressing that
opinion-an, opinion in wfiicli. he wee confident,'
ere long, all Arneriea 20014 concur."
From the Union co u nty .67ar t ..bowiarg,, , Pa..]
REBEL SHRIE CB.
[Prom the Rcbd:newspapers of ,Dec., , 1868,]
In the Confederate Congress, Richmond,
111.r.,F00t0 offered the following preamble and
iesolbtions
"Wunnuas a copy of oliarader-
istio Proc natation of' Amnesty, recently is
sued by the imbecile and unprincipled usur
per who now sits enthroned- upon the ruins of
Constitutional liberty in lVashington city,
has been received and road by the members
of the House; now, in token of what is sol.
emnly believed to be the almost undivided
sentiment of the 'people of the Confederate
States.
•. Be it Resolped, That there has never peen
a day or an hour when the people of the Con
federate States were more inflexibly resolved
than they: aro at the present time never to
relinquish the struggle of arms in which they
are engaged, until that liberty and indepen
dence for which they been so 'earnestly con
tending shall have been at J..st achieved, and
made sure ank steadfast, beyond even the
probability of a future danger; and ilint, in
spite of the reverses that have lately befal.
len our armies in several quarters, and cold
and selfish indifference to our sufferings,
thus far, for the most part, evinced in the
action of foreign powers, the, eleven millions
of enlightened freemen now bottling heroic
ally for all that can make existence desirable,
are fully preparedPolike in spirit and re
sources, to encoulter dangers far greater than
those they have heretofore bravely met, and
to submit to far greater sacrifices than those
which they have heretofore so cheerfully en
countered, in preference to holding any furth
er political connection with a government
and people who hay:. notoriously proven
themselves contemptuously regardless of the
rights cud privileges which belong to a state
of civil freedom, as well as of all the most sa
cred usages of civilized war."
Mr. Miles regretted that the gentleman
from Tennessee had introduced such a reso
lution The true and only treatment which
that miserable and coniclopttble despot (Lin
coln) should receive at the hands of this
House wan silent and unmitigated contempt.
This revolution would appear to dignify a pa
per emanating from that wretched and does
table abortion, whose contemptible emptiness
and lolly would only receive the ridicule of
the civilize; world. lie Jnoved to lay sub
ject on the table.
Mr. Foote was willing that. the preamble
and resolution should be talled, with the un
dors tandiiig that. it would indicate the unquali
fied contempt of the House for Abraham Lin
coln and his Message and Proclamation allu
ded to.
Mr Miles said time would be no Llisun
sierstanding about, that.
The motiott was unanimously adopted.
resolutinus offered. by . Mr Miller,
of Virginia, went the same way.
[From ilia Union County Si r, I, , n , i,h4rg, Pa]
COPPERHEAD Bugs.
Cr . !!! Selo, 9 iliQVc :Tvikee" -a Dein
Of fa I ?r, ri 1 I ameliyhani. Mr (7e/
r (.!1' bec,inher 24, 1;114 ]
I'IIESII,IENT LINCOLN'
From the beginning of \fr. Lincoln's ad
ministration, we were well satisfied, that, in
stead of being an honest man, as he has been
so catch Nively reputed, he was ante of the most
deceptive, cold blooded, unfeeling and basest men
that ever a-51111113.1 the reins of governMent
—ln Mr. Lincttim's person /ire eniliodCed all
the elements essential to make in foolish mon
arch and a senseless tyrant( ua fort runup
isericvnf circumstances comblnel•to fo - rOg hilil
into a position where 1114 'II Ild ft/illl , l the food
his nature carved and victims Ile
was thrown into a field of action where the
restraints of law could not curb his Mean ivr
lure nor his Vain umhili7at Opportunities he
editing: resist, and these indulged still turrher•
harden his (;!.,darat, heart. TllO very position
which he occuilies, anti which should have
exalted almost any repeciable - , ordinitry man, -
only assisted in britighig out in bold relict
the contemptible_meannest: of the 1114{1-
bloody monster Ile is hells l't:tal,ra hoe
brought to earth and re op nod tor 'he de
',Emotion of this too/ph people who hug him
their boscins until, the 00 Ezyptian adder,
he stints thetAiAteath.. Lly his elev.lt inn in,
power, every mean principle in the man's
composition has beOn bro't • out nut 10nne
into a blaze of destruction. He hr a letr,
th tee', a robber, a brigand. a pirate. re pe,jiircr
a traitor, a eoWard, a hypocrite, a cheat. a trick
s ter, a murderer, a tyro 01, ant unmet tya red
scoundrel-, and an internal fool. In leso thou
one year, he Jias, by the force of circum
stances, certainly not by his wisdom, become
absolute monarch, over a race of volneetles,
who, because they deserve it, lot ve be
toonte willing slaves and vassals. There is
now no monarch on earth that practices
tyranny with as much impunity as does • bra
~hryn Lincoln. Ile is an absolute monarch.—
If he lime: aLipark. ,cftrue and genuine human
icy within himself, Lhe cf his position
would cause him to rine to the level of a mien.
commenced the present war, with ilia
honest motives; he has carried it on, tinder
false pretenses; and, in the end, lie will so
effectually cheat the people out of their liber
ties that they can not recover them unless
through bloody revolution. It is our solemn
and deli! crate opinion that not a worse and
more danger , us man could have been found
in the whole countri a to till the high position
he does. Ile entertains no love of trembun
except for the negro and himself ; he has no
respect for law except • higher' or arbitrary '
haw; and he has no !note knowledge or true
.conception of the theory of our government
than a mule has of mathematics.'
M.Similar to the above are the invectives
heaped upon the President by the bastard
Democratic presses in general. It will be
seen that the Rebels and the Copperheads hold
identically the same views respecting Abra
ham Lincoln . and that, moreover, the
'Tories and malcontents had very similar ha
tred of one Geoftge Washington, in his day.—
Wherefuro, we advise -Father Abraham to go
on, and firmly and calmly do his duty.. The
Rattlesnakes un.l C tpperhea-ls are only "bit
ing a file." Thu true and the good men, of
the New \^t-hl and of the Old,. sustain hiM,
and will bless his memory when he is no more.
Letter from an Officer who has
Served in Florida
In reference to the great subject of South
ern Emigration, which is now occupying the
attention of our citizens, we are permitted to
print the following letter from an officer how
' has served in Florida two or three years :
"In.-Atianarv,
.we- were-ordered to
,-Fernandina, ,11-e• had .previously been in
Florida for a week in October, 1862, when
we made the e4cpedition for the capture of
St. John's Bluff' Fort—LB guns. On that oc
casion we ascended the St. John's River as
far, as: Jacksewirille;:twenty miles from the
mouth.- ThiSAver out at
limes into alpaist a succession of lakes. It
rano .bp toward the south'. This is a : N cry
Produetl:ve cOuntry ; rich hi'all the tropical
fruits. It is ,ria'vigahle by. steamers for about
two 11 utiaredirtilOs,•and ,by smaller orafteatich
-further.: l - ,, Ationg number -- o f
hotels, where parsons from the north, espe
cially-those with polmonary.complaintai have .
resorted.
,Jacksonville was very important
-as the-point from wherice all the produets'of
this;country were shipped for the north or .,
If l tiropo, It Was a :very important lumher',
tuart.., , , - 41eyen steam, saw mills were in oppra- .
Alen; till they were burned, since thd'. war'
,hrOke out. ;The town loOka more like a thrili:
NeW:Vingland limn than anyplace
ever ea*, south, -The'ehief ohsta'ele to the
prosperity . hf thelawn is the at the mouth:
of the -St. John's: :Vesselsilrawing over ten
-feet have tiometitneira,difficulty in , getting in
and out: I think, howeVer ! ,t,that with a good
fiaclatio`ge, totioys . ,l4e., this might be
to a . great-eiterit obviated. From Jackson-
Ville a' 'railroad pins' west; reaching ,:td
Tallahasee; It was to have. reached
iti, , time. -I-may remark that 'J,tekstin-•
tille'Oiyes its Pt`eaperity to northern men mid
capital. The railroad was built by northern
.capital.
Any one from looking at the map, and still
more from examining the country, will see
that Jacksonville and Fernandina are the
two towns of eastern Florida. Our forces
captured Jacksoqville in Feb'y, 1862. The
people there immediately came out for the
Union, and pledged themselves to the cause,
But to return. We reached Fernandina
and lauded on the 15th of January, 1863.
We found peas in blossom and formed, and
flowers in bloom. (Peas were fit to eat in
Feb'y.) The Lantana- and English violet
were in bloom ; the Oleander was in bud ;
cabbages were lit for the table. In the
gardens, on the plantations, and wherever
any pains had been taken, flowers were grow.
ing in the utmost luxuriance. In fact why
should they not be ? There was ice only
once; that was a mere scale, of ahnost, im
perceptible thickness. The winds were in•
deed sometimes quite bleak, and caused con
siderable discomfort, but the thermometer
was never very low,
Fernandina is on Amelia's island, and is
the port of the St. Marys river. This river
runs up into the country for one or twq hun
dred miles, through a good cotton country.
A lady told me that she had seen ten thou
sand bales of cotton lying at Fernandina
waitiug for shipment north and east. There
is very deep %kilter in the harbor. Vessels
drawing eighteen feet can truss.the bar at
high water. It is by all odds the best harbor
south of the James river, except Port Royal.
It is fur superior to Charleston. The Florida
Central railroad reins from here to Cedar
Keys, and was designed, in connection with
steamers at each end, to be the thoroughfare
between New Orleans and New lurk. This
railroad also brought in much cotton and
her produce. Under anything like favora
ble circumstances, with any free stimulus,
let natidina would be a place of unlimited
prosperity.
Alter remaining till May, we were order
ed to St. Augustine. This is just on the
parallel of 30 0 , about fifty to fifty-five miles
south of Fernandina. Here, as indeed all
through the central zone of the State, are
almost all the, tropical productions: cotton,
oranges, lemons, Mines , citron, guava, ha
nanos, figs, sugars, (dates grow but do not
ripen.) paw paws, pomegranates. A little
south ut there, purr apples grow about as
easily as onions do here. Th.• oranir,e crop
is under lavorable circumstances, the best
one raised there, the most profitable. In
former times ant one who owned a good
orchard wound live in idleness all the year
round on the produce of a lew days' labor
in the orange scason. I sent home eighty
oranges to my father last November. Of
those only hall a dozen were damaged in
trtinsporation. rest he said, were the
best he ever ate, and convinced him that we
need not send out of the &unary for oranges.
One tree 01 a friend of mine in St. Augus
tine bore 2500 oranges, that sold rratlily for
$3,00 a hundred. The trees are Wanted in
an orchard 20 feet apart. giving deo square
feet to each tree, and 117 tiers to an 'acre.
Sometimes the irees bear as marry as 7000
or 801)0. a severe and 'oust un
precedented frost cat down all the orange
frees: As they were - gigfing Over the
°range tln• debilitated trees,
and has rv.vn,lied them tor twenty Nears ; but
Low there is no ol,tacle to the boundles,
Imaluelnol of the fruit. The harbor of St.
Augustine is proverbially bad. A railroad
had been laid out to connect the town with
the St..) Min s river, and was constructing,
but the w.tr broke it up. As you know, the
land osi the eslrerne - s oth of the State is
oveillowed and is nut valuable. But the
diort 'term and ren - trat parts are Of almost nu
in tad i cil promise
As to healtldtilness, we four months
ai Fernandina, and lost but one Mall who
died of hcuit disease., At St. Augustine iu !
ten weeks we lost tide , man, who died of
chi toile iliarrliwa contracted 't year before.
With luul.er care 1 think there is little fear
of s ckness•
I ins 1.0 me that any j.alicious plan of
cuinnizatiun could nut but find in Florida
ample success.
1 should he most happy to .hcar from you
on the :subject, told to know what is doinnz
inn thy• promises. I have often thought that
I Attend like to ernhark in au unit rprise of
colonizing the State it under any tavotable
auspices. A return the other day of tiny old
comrade, the Asthma, which had been a
Stra'tiger to inc during my catuptogns south,
brought this renewedly to toy m o ld,"
JUDGE BETWEEN THEM.
William Sawyer, a colon••] man and one
our subscribes, who lives thNi.t. Farmland,
this county, has live snits in the Union
army. Two of them are in Massachusetts
regiments before Charleston, two lire in the
colored battalion ;it Indianapolis, and one is
in the sth Indiana cavalry. This is the a
mount 01 his contribution to his country's ,
cause. list he has other children, two ife4
three little boys, whom he is trying to eda
Cate, because ho thinks "knowledge makes
the man." These boys he sent to the public
school in his district at the beginning of the
winter term, and the little fellows were learn
ing finely, But they were not permitted to
remain very ion , at the fountain of knowl
edge. Someb od y in the district thought
"niggers ought to keep to themselves," and
opposed their being permitted to attend
school with his children. Favored by apro
vision in our laws which is an insult to civ
ilization, and a most, humiliating disgraee, to
the people of our State, lie-succeeded in his
eirdris, and the children were ejected from
the school.
:Ile mere statement of these facts is more
forcible than any comment that we could
'snake, but we wish people to judge whether
the real interests of the countyare advanced
by the spirit, and actions of men of this class.
For ourself, we have long been quite clear
in our opinion of one point connected with
this subject. We have no prejudice against
the white men, but we believe that a loyal
negro is, by, infinite weasure, the superior of
any white man who does not believe that all
men in Amin iea ou,:ht to be free.—lilti,ndo/ph
Co. Journal, Winchcsler, Lul., March. 4.
VALUABLE FOR ,THE SOLDlER.—Brown's
Bronchial : Troclies v.ill be fuuud invaluable I o
the soldier ku camp, exposed to sudden chang
es,—affording prompt relief in oases of coughs,
colds, eto. ,For Offteers and thoso who over
tax the, voice, they are useful is relieving Ir
ritated Throatth,.anA will render articulation
-48.1hore are iinitallcnb , Le fare to 9.8T4
easy
the genitine.
'lttgrq.'enntetn,porary
.says `Oat the New
,Torjt- Perak? ch a sged its programme,
zudnow-goeslioi-Grautou Mondays instead
of Tuesdays, r reserving the latter for its Me
claltan , slay. Thursday is still Fremont
Aay.. - :
(Lo p... 4
,a.liz:,„,i,,,firitillL) itl.atters.
` Ir ?:.T - .) , W4,:7-o,ciklit. J:Np. ADAIR
Itun ) -artrin town on short
leaves. They report army affairs as rapid
ly assuming the appearance of an advance.
• HA RELY DAVIS' PAIV QRA 111 A . —By au
advertisement in another liolutun, it will be
semi that the cel.abrated Panorama of the
,Taveliolders'll,ebellion, will do on exhibition
in Rheern's Fall,, for a short time. We advise
our readers'to visit it.
LOST.—On Wednesday Morning last,
in the cars coming from Alterton to Carlisle,
or in stepping off the Cars at the latter place,
a small pocket book containing some $6O in
money:" Also a ticket on Penn. Central
Railroad, and some notes, receipts, and oth
er papers. A Liberal Reward will be paid
if left at this office. H. E. SMITH.
PROCEEDINGS OE COUNCIL—ELECTION
OF OFFICERB-$250 LOCAL BOUNTY OFFERED.
—The newly elected council bad its first
meeting on Tuesday evening last. The fol
lowing officers for the ensuing year were
elected.
Alex. Cathcart, Prest. of Council,
Jos. W. Ogilby, Clerk,
Jacob Rheem, Treasurer,
Samuel Sipe, High Constable,
Wm. H. Harn, Clerk of Market,
Alfred nhinehart, Tax Collector,
Chas. Mecic, Lamp Lighter East Ward,
James Spangler, " West.
An Ordiqattce was passed offering Two
ffundred and Fifty Dollars bounty to all
volunteers having themselves credited to the
quota of Carlisle. Every borough officer
was constituted n agent to procure recruits.
EscAßADr..—On Monday night last,
nine deserters who were confined in the guard
house at Carlisle parracks, succeeded in mak.
ing their escape There is a grated window
in the rear of the building, and• about twelve
feet from the ground. The prisoners succeed
ed in removing the stones and masonry se
curing this grating, covering the loose stones
with their clothing ; then removing the
grating they made their exit one by one, muf
fling the sound occasioned by their jumping
to,the grouiid, by throwing out. a quantity of
clothing. Though the moonlight made the
night almost es light as day, and a sentinel
was pacing his beat within a hundred feet of
the guard house, their flight was not discov
ered, until morning. The sentinel, being
su•pected of collusion with the prisoners has
been placed under arrest.
SPRING EI.ECTON.—The annual spring
election on Friday last, resulted in a partial
defeat of the Union Ticket. This can only be
accounted for by the fact that the vote was
light, and of course the deficiency was on
our side. We elect, however a majority of
the council, --which is always considered
the rtant portion of the ticket—Judge,
Inspector, School I),;rector and constable in
the WeBt Ward, and borough Auditor. The
following are the returns.
13011,0131,M OFFICELIS.
E. W. \V. W. Total.
Ch Burgess,
Andrew 13. Z. , ig.rler. 189 139 :128
*,f - nRe ph ri 'Mit if., J I 1 179 293
Ass/4T;/ jittrgesa, ..-
Rnhert Al ;see, 192 142 334
*Jame , : R. Dixon,
,112 180 292
Asse.vaor,
01111 rlltshall,
*B,f)hert M. Black,
Assisonil
Tenn 5Lell, 205 154 359
f4eorge S Beetern, 201 140 347
*Charles Fleager, 110 199 309
*Sion tip] E 'ism inger, 103 140- --2-93
A rteitior,
Chas. 13. PLrhler. 174 130 310
*lttilwrt D. Carnernn, 127 18R 315
WARD OFFICERS—EAST WARL).
Town Coll ne
.1. 1). R.hinehart, 199 I
*Henry brew, 109
P. Rider, 2118 *Peter Spahr, 82
.1 W 1) G:l',den, 202 *P. Gardner, 110
George Wetzel, 198 I *John Flyer, 100
Judge,
-Andrew Kerr,
205 *S. C. Huyett, 107
In.cpeefor,
Wrn. P. Eyler,
200 *John Hutton, 110
Direcear,
Philip Quigley, 210 *John Evil e, 101
Tax Collector,
Chas. A. .§ - ;ip i 11, 21,0 = *.Toshua Fagan, 99
Justice of Me, Peace,
M. Holcomb, 153 l *S. Keepers, 142
Constable,
Ady:.
21H Pendergass, .89
wEsT WARD
Town Council.
Garid Smith, 15:1 I *G. L. Murray, IS2
W. Ai • 135 *Thos. Paxton , 18.1
I). S. Cron, 1.13 is A. Cathcart, 167
A. Mileo, - 130 I*S , W Haverstick 186
1341 It .: , *onerrieLer 138 I *,I. D. U rgas, 191
t .t a lye,
A. f c,;ensetnan, 151. I *J. Postlethwait, 195
In.spertor,
~ I..c,ootlyear, 149 B Thompscn, 19.7
LS'chool Director,
N opposition,
*C. P. Elumrich, 195
rTax Collector,
Theo. Corninan, 182 I *W. H. Hain, 164
Constable,
No opposition, *Samuel Sipe, 197
Republicans marked with a *
.We have
. ..received tho
circular from the St.o e Superintendent of
Common Schools. Thoee of our school boards
who have not received a copy of the circular
arc narunetly requested to embody the infor•
mation asked for in a letter to the State Su
perintendent.
CIRCULAR
uestions Respecting (he Education of indigent
Children mode Orphans in, the war, to lie an
.Iwered by Secret ahcs of School Board.,
The Governor in his annual message, urges
upon the Legislature the claims of " the poor
orphans of our soldiers,' who have given or
shall give their lives to the country in this
crisis," and expresses the opinion, that their
maintainance and education should be prey'
ded for by the State." Of the justice of this
claim no one for an instant can doubt. The
first stop toward, qarrying out this humane
suggestion of his, Eseellency, is to ascertain
the number of such children in the State.
This can best be accomplished by the off;
°era of the school boards, in the several coun'•
ties ond cities. it wilt he an act of benevo
leOoo thaL,will result in good to those who
have been Made widows and orphans by the
war.
,You are, therefore, requested to for
warcLto this_Th.partment. answers to the fol
lowing questions, viz:
lat. AVliat is the number of indigent chil
dren in your school district, whose fathers
have been killed, or have died in the military
or naval service of the United 8 ales T
2d Are there any institutions of learning
in your county, that will undertake to pro
vido for the maintenance and education of a
number of said orphans, if security be given
that all reasonable expenses snail be paid by
the State ?
3d. If there 'are any such schools, how
many children will each take 't
It is highly important that this circular,
with the questions, answered, be returned
promptly by the fifteenth of April, if possible
This Department cannot too strongly urge
upon the.officers herein addreised, the feces
city of prompt. notion in this matter. They
may thereby bring joy to. many a sorrow
stricken, destitute family.
CHARLES It. COBURN,
Surcriiilcudent of Common Schools.
nm;.We received the annexed communica
tion accompanied with a note requesting itS
publication. 'The writer declines to favor
us with any further knowledge of his or' her
name than is contained in the " W. 5.," sub
scribed below ; and requests the publication
of the communication because "I have been
slandered." We depart from our custom of
rejecting anonymous articles, this once, be
cause first, we cannot perceive that this wri
ter's denunciations Are levelled at any proper
person, but are generic—calculated to exam :
guish the entire: race of slanderers : and see
()oily, because we cmisider the effusion such
a choice bit of literature that we are unedi•
hog that it should be lost to the admiration
of stftteeding ages. Itiparagraphs teem with
adjectives powerfully poetic and passionate—
ditto, stout stinging and sarcastic with nouns,
pronouns, and verbs to match. If our cowls :
are troubled hereafter with any actionn
arising from the unwise waging of unruly
tongues, we shall be ready to admit the total,
depravity of hufaau nature.
It is declared in holy wait, that the tongue
is an unruly member, that it is lull of deadly
. poison, that, its words uc e eomet nice smoothen
than nil, yet they are drawn swords—that, it
septirates and that the words of the
t(ale-heater, fire a, wounds which description
lire nu very high encluilitinie 011 Its gaud quali
ties. We have a variety of tongues that alit
permitted to run at large by their owners.
There is the tongue that feeds on mischief;
the Babbling, the T.tiliti g , the sly whisper,
tug; all these longues are a nuisance in so
ciety, and often tile cause of immeasurable
mischief, and the keenest regret, aul not. 'ln
frequently scamp their owners, with black
and lasting disgrace No tongue, however,
j sit perniei,,us tie that rilluilLig riot in the Un
bridled Ileeliee of the utocrupulous d: in Jere''.
The Slanderer delights to s3at,ter firer
brands among ft i ads , and set f totilies, neigh
borimuds, and social Miele., in a It ant • , and
like the rlilittnaliLler, is wretched When 01.1 t of
the burning element. Ile ptays upon inno
cence and virtue, merit and worth, and blasts
• with his pestiferous breath, the most unblent.
hilted reputation, and the fairest ch racier.—
Ile can convert white into black, truth into
falsehood, innocence into crime, and ixteta.
morph eye everything whicli stands in the OUT
tent of his pollud, , l and polluting breath.— :
ills forked tongue is charged with fatal poi•
still, and his pestilential breath blasts - and
pollutes with each re , pir.tlion. With ha
ired girded round his Serpent form, he searcli•
es 4 . 11 nOrtlere of the world for victims, bitt
the envenomed scorpion carries a double bar
bed dalt for the desit ileum) of worth and the.
immolation of innocence. lie breaks every
restraining, moral ligament and ranges
through the extended held of fraud and false
hood, without a bond to check, or a limit to
confine him, the dreaded enemy of innocence;
whose lips pollute even truth itself, and stains
poisons as it touches. Ile spits turth the
venom of his black heart, Upon LitiStillied rep
utation, and with his pestilential vat or,'blasts
and blackens the very sacredness of charac
ter itstYlf: lie thrusts to the quick, the stab.
fit his scorpi.m sting, ; and gloats over the
twitching l.icerati sus , and writhing agonies,
of his inimeet,t, and perhaps most defenceless
via itil. IP. , delights to mittitter the , xistenoe,
and the bleeding heart of innocence ;
and glue les iu lie itille , !tiou of a !nor,' stab.
The base, black beaded, trtple•tongued,
I wo-taced, cloven touted, :::latiulerer, kite the
loathsome worm, leaves his path marked
with the filth of malice, and scum el false
hood; and the ltweet flowers, the
choice:t flints, ;toil the moot delicate plants,
iti the garden of private ati.l public reputa•
tutu Ile is a traveiling pest boo-e, and who
18 secure from his eunianitnating breath? lie
Vs Blink so d, ep in the muddy waters of ogre
dation, and infamy, that we tear, nothing
short vii superhuman agency, can ever raise
him even to the luw grade, of a convicted
felon. IV.
197 142 339
112 204 316
F o tho Carlisle Iloraler.
soitcuum OIL CHINESE SUGAIL CANE.
prices, there is justly and necessarily a
growing interest exhibited on the question
of cane planting, as well as the ques
tions will it pay, and how is it to be
managed in cultivating I' As I have
been engaged in its culture and manufac
ture for some five years, I concluded to of
fer my mite of experience for the benefit of
those who have nut yet given it a tiial, pro
viding you may consider it of sufficient im
portance to give room in your paper.
The question will it pay, is plain to all
who have given it a lair trial, and at preseßt
prices of syrup I would say, it will pay bet
ter than corn, if properly treated. But lei
us give luck from which all can draw their
0w. , 11 conclusions. Like corn, this crop is
governed by soil, season and culture, wits
the advantage of standing more drought.
First, because it roots deeper, and second,
because its stock only is needed, whereas a
drought just at earing time for corn,will cut
ott the crop, while in cane it only retards
growth, and us soon as favorable weather
sets in, it is ready to grow on. As to yield,
land capable of 3 fielding from forty to soy'.
way five bushels of corn, will yield, proper
iy lrealed, from one to two hundred gallons
of syrup per acre, and that too of a quality
equal to the best syrups in the market, if
the cane is well matured and worked tip
on good aparatus by experienced hands. It
will also, as the past season has proven,
sell at as high prices as the best syrups of
fered by grocers. Wu may at least say ono
and a hall gallons syrup for every bushel
of corn, which is a very low estimate. Then
allow the proper tieatment of cane to cost
five dollars per acre more than corn, and at
the present high prices for wood, labor, and
the best machinery, allow say twenty-five
cents per gallon for manufacturing. Next
consider the stripping which the leaves will
pay as fodder, hauling to factory, allowing
a good team able to haul (if cane is well
matured and properly loaded (enough to
make from twenty-five to thirty, or more
gallons syrup. The seed of ripened cane is
also worth as much or more than oats to he
used as a chopped food, and will yield from
twenty-five to thirty-five bushels per acre ;
you are then done with the cane. Now-'
count your cutting, shocking, husking,
cribbing threshing cleaning and_hauling to
market on the corn side, and you are able
to make a fair estimate of the profits of both
crops, when you consider good syrup worth
80 cents to $1 per gallon with every Indica
tion of a strong advance. It must also be
considered, that this syrup answers very
well for all baking purposes, thereby saving ,
greatly in sugar, which is ever at a greater
advance than syrup. I do not thus advance.'
the cane question to create an ungarded
Sensation, but feel well asseed that he whb
plants . bia dare or WO Of cane, - and
'atton ii,
to it properly, will not regret the experi
ment, and ho can thereafter bo owh
judge in the• matter without being governed
by the opinions of others. We will not
consider its culture, and name as of first im
portance, Omitting early say
.from ono to
two weeks earlier than corn or as early cis
the ground can be brought into good con-,
dition.
Soaking the seed in water so warm Ls,
scarcely to bear the hand in it, for say •lit i
teen to twenty hours, will quicken its coin
ing up. And if nbt planted early, .tho'seed
thus soaked; should bp mixed small
quantity oflight soil, .and set to amarm
(not hot) place, occasionally shook up,:and
so kopi, until it cbmindniiealespirout .then
plant ati hereaftth Airented, covering with
moist mellow soli, to 'nvoithinjury to the
germ started' by the soaking &c. The soil
should be deeply worked, thoroughly pul
verized, and furrowed out Moderately deep
with furrows say 33 feet-apart. Draw soli
THE SLANDERER
ITS CLAIMS, CULTURE, AC
As sweetnings have t cached very high
El
For the Harald',