gitet
- CARLISLE, PA.
Friday, March 8, 1801_.
BOROUGH 111 IDBTING,
The Republicans of the Borough of Carlisle
are regnesled to held Ward Meetings;
THIS EVENING...
for the purpose of nominating borough
,ord.'
cars. to be supported at the ensuing election.'
. The citizens of tho,Weet Ward, will meet at
7 o'clock at the hotel of John Hannon, and
those of the East Ward at fteiser's hotel, at
the eanm.hour. A general attendance is re
quested. • MANY.
TIME INAVGVELAI. ADDREBS
' lit the ceremonies attending the inangura•
lion of President Lincoln, our renders will
find the Inaugural Address, to which we
need not invite their attention, as the anxiety
with Which it has boon looked for, and the
importance of the questions discussed in it,
will induce every ono to read v it carefully.
.X/6 tiiildress is pacific in its character while
he avows his determination to 'preserve the
peace of the country, so far afitmay be done
in the discharge of his duty, Ise declares that
he has uo power to disregai-ci
resting on bins under the Constitution. Ile
announces his intention to collect the revenue
oild defend thjpublic properti,.but says dis
tinctly;,tht he will do so in suchlt manner as
to avoid the necessity for strife or bloodshed.
Every man will place his own construction on
this address, and there will,of course; be differ
ences of opinions in regard to it, but no un
predjudiced man can fail to percent) an hon
est; cut spoken frankness, that Mares nothing
to be misunderstood. Ile states what he bo
licves to be his duty, as the Chief Magistrate'
of the Nation, sworn to uphold the Govern-
mont, and announces his purpose to perform
' it. The responsibility of peace ur war now
L.resbi on'the South, and whatever may,be the
isnue, no reasonable raan can doubt but that
the President will do WS duly, honestly and
faithfully.
I=l
Thursday, Feb. the Satiate, a
joint resolution was passed, nppropriating
$4OOO to pay the peace cummissionors.
The bill for the commutation of the ton•
age tax , was then taken up on final readhig,
end debated at fength. Daring the discus
sion a dispatch eves read by the Speaker,
stating that the Tariff had' phssed both
Houses of Congress - , 'at 44 , 4104: the Peace
Conference, after agreeing to recommend
the re establishment of the _lq ksouri
had adjourned sine die. The reading of the
dispatch was folloWed by rapturous applause
in tho galleries. The question on the final
passage on the bill to commute the towage
duties on the. Pennsylyania Railroad - was
taken and agreed to, yeas , lB, nays 15, as
follows:
Ye:18-1 ICSBTS. , Benson, Blood, Connell,
Finn3y. Gregg, Hall, Rubric, Landon, Me•
Clime, Meredith, Nichols, Parker,. Schindel,
Serrill, Thompson, Whalion and l'afiner,
Speaker-18.
Nave—Messrs. Boughter, Bound Clymer,
Crawford, Crattibrll, Fidler; Ham i i Me
grim], Irish, Ketchum, Lawrence, Mott, Pen
ny, Robinson, Welsh and Yardley-13.
The Senate then took up the Bill to change
the name of the Sunbury and Erie Railroad
Company. The question being on its final
passage, the yeas and. nays were called, and
the bill passed—yeas 25, nays If, as follows:
Yeas—Messrs. Benson, Blood, Branal,
Connel, Finney, Fuller, Gregg., Hall,. Ham
ilton, Hiestand, linbrie, Land'on, Lawrence,
MeElheriny. Meredith, Tichols, Parker, Rob•
Serrill, Smith, 'Thompson,,
Wharton, Yardley and Palmer, Speaker-25.
Nays-51essrs. Boughter, Clymer, Craw
ford, Irish, Ketchum, nut:, l'enziy and WelA
Tile bill from the „House, appropriating
-- s3o,oooTdriffe relief Of ilia imilltring people
of Kansas, was token up, end, after consid
erable debate, palsed finally, tinder a sus•
pension of the rules—yeas 1 , 1, nays 10.
In the House the bill from the- Senato,
approprieling $4,000 to-pay the Pennsylva•
nia members of the Peace Commission, was
passed by yeas 63, nays 15.
The resolution from the Senate to adjourn
till the 111.11 t of March, was passed,
Mr. Sheppard reported a joint resolution
appropriating $lO,OOO to aid the starving
people of Kansas. An amendment making
the eum $30,000 was agreed to, and - the
resolution as amended was:then passed.
GEN. SCOTT.-A Virginia editor advised
all, the young men at Southern colleges, to
burn Gen Scorr in elligy, on the 4th of
March. Such advice comes with a bad grace
from a: State which claims John 13. FLCiED
as a citizen, who, compared with Gen. s'
lilt. a niotikey chained- to the base of
'statue. •
SIIIPMENT OF COVION
secession has had the offect of svidivg cot.
ton by the northern route to thtrEast. On
one day last week, no less than eighteen
hundred and sixty tejo bales reached Phila
delphia, by the Pennsylidnialtail Road.
4 NOT Conniscr.:-The Lancaster Express says
'The report in circulation that President 13u
chapati bad pardoned Judge Vonderemith, is
not correct. Ilia term of imprisonment, lion.
MT, has been committed from twenty to three
years.
• GENERAL JACKSON ON COERCION—.AdViCe
of a Patriol.—Genernl Jackson hi his fare
well address to t}: Americanpeople, in
l'ilat:ch,4lB37, thus - allitd - ad to coercion. Ho
maid: '
"If such a struggle is ever begun, and the
citizens O'f one section of the country aro
arrayed in arms agaiost. those of another, in
doubtful conflict, let the battle result ns it
may, there will be an end of Union,. and
with Ran end of the hopes of freemen, The
victory of flit, victors would not secure to
them the blessings of liberty. It would
avenge their wrongs, but they would then,.
selves share.in the common ruin."
GUNPOWDER. iFe6 CIIA RI.ESTOWN,.— The
Montgomery , i ldrertiser of the 24th says that
on Saturday there were forty-nine. thousand
one hundred of powder shipped from
the Montgomery and West Point Depot for
Charleston.
The Twlgge Treeseiv:
Dismissal from the Service for Treachery.
Washington, March 2,.-:-The Seeret‘ry of
War has' published an oflicial order dismiss
ing Gen..Twiges from the army for treachery
to the flag of his county, in having Surren
dered, on demand of the authority of Texas,
the military 'posts and other property of the
United' States in his department , and under
his charge.. c, •
F.ortythree army officers have resigned
their comminsiona since the passego,.et• the
Soutlifittiothitt" ordinance of secesstot; sev,
oral of them, without reference to that sub•
. . . .
INAUGURATION.
. OF'
ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
HANNIBAL HAMLIN
President 61111 Vice . President of 'the
united States
♦Vnnl'Angto», 11Dwelt TklBGl
The throng of persons aich.crowded the
city of Washington to witness the ceremo•
nies of the inauguration, is said to have been
greater than was ever known im a similar
.occasion. Holels, boarding houses, and
'privitte dwellings were filled, and yet hum
dreds•could not obtain accommedatio'ns.
The procession was' formed under -the di•
rection of Major B. French Chief Marshal,
in the following order:—
The Military Escort, under command of
Major Qcneral Weightman, led by a large
company of 'United States' Dragoons; and
closed by a company of Sappers and Miners
from West Point.
A National Flag, with approbriate em
blems.
The President of the United Slates, with
the President 'elect and suite, with Marshals
on their lett, and the Marshal of the United
States for the District ofeolumbia (Col. Wm.
Selden ) and his deputies, on their right,
flanked by the President's Mounted Guard.
The Committee of Arrangetnent for the
Senate.
Private Secretaries of the President. and
President eltct. •
, The Republican Association, about 400,
in number,.with badges.
The Judiciary. * •
'The Clergy.
Foreign Minislere.`'
The Corps Diplornatique.'
Members elect, and exAnembers of Con.
gross, and ex members of tile Cabinet. •
Members of the Peace Congress. •
Bends of Bureaus.
Governors and ex•governors of Sihtes and
Territories, and members of the Leg,iiliitures
of the same.
Officerlpf the Army, Navy, Marine Corps,
and Militia., in full uniform,
Officers and soldiers of the Revolution, of
the war of 1:312, and of subsequentveriods.
The Corporate Authorities of Washington
and Georgetown.
. Professors, schoolmasters, and students
within the District of Col u mbia; citizens of
the District, and of Stales, and Territories.
The entire column moved towards the
Capitol along Pennsylvania'avenue, amid the
occasional cheering of the many thoustitids
crowding every available point from- which
a sight of the, pageant could be had.
The head of the procession having reached
the Capitol, the column under order halted,)
whCit the military opened 'links, face inwards, t
and presented arms. The carriage cuntain•
ing the President elect then passed through
the open line of military up to the north Ow
trance to.the Capitol grounds. At this pint
they e lyere received by the Senate Committee
of Arrangement, and conducted to the Vice
Presidents romn.:,.
"The - order of . arrangemenn nV,seitled b?
the Committee, was 1.1946110w5:
To the left of the Vice ProAdeot were the
Committee of Arrangements; immediately
beldnd them the Jteads of the various Do.
-{atimeuts- of the Government, Siihators,
tnembers';of Congress, inemlie - rs elect, flume
officers, Army and NAV) . officers, Governors
of States and Territmies, CUM pt !urn, Au
ditors, Registers, and Solicitors of the Treas•
To the right of the Vice President were
the Judges of the Supremo Court, Senators,
Diplomatic Corps, ex Governors of States,
Assistant Secretaries of Departmimis and
Assistant Postmaster General, 'diensurer,
Commissioners, Judges and Mayors of Wash
ington and Georgetown.
. _
At live minutes to twelve Vice President
Breckenridge and Senator Foote, of the Com
"mittee of Arrangements, entered
. the'Senate
chamber, escorting the Vice President elect,
the lion. Hannibal Hamlin, whom they eon
ducted ton set immediately, to the 101 of the
chair of the President of the Senate. •
As the hiocli ()lithe clock pointed to the
hoer of twelve, the huenner fell,. and the
second session of tha Thirty.SIXIII Congress
canie to au cud. Vice. PrieSident 13recken
ridge Lade.theSenate:farewe.ll-in-well chosen-,
and touching terms, to-which Mr. Ilandin
appropriately responded.
.!fr. Breckenridge than administered the
oath ()Cornett to the Vice President, and then
announced the Senate adjourned without
day, and left the chair, to which ho Mime:
(Lately conducted. Vice President
llon. Mic . (2ll - t7Mall was then swan in for
the State of North Carolina; Mr. Clark fur
New Hainshire; Mr, Chase for Olria; Mr.
Harris for New York; Mr. Harlan for lowa3.
Mr. Howe for Wisconsin ; Mr. BreekenrhiTta
for Kentucky; Mr. Lane for Indiana; Mr.
Nestnith for Oregon ; Mr. Mitchell thr Kansas.
At this'juncture the menshers and meat
bers•elect of the Blouse of Representatives
the Senate. Chamber, tilling every
available place to the left of the Vivo Presi
dent.
The Diplomatic Corps also entered the
chamber at the same moment, occupying
seats to the right of the° Chair, It was the
subject 'of general remark that the l'iplorna
tic Corps was never so fully represented as
qn this ocensionmerniwelm bfatha last time
that all would ever again be assembled on
such an occasion. The ministers, uttacheS.
and others numbered in all some fifty and
over, and their brilliancy of dress and num•
ber of decorations, crapes, ever, added much
to the imposing scene. home of the court
uniforms were particularly gorgeous and at•.
tracted much attention.
The procession was formed, and inarched
through. the rotunda to the east part of the
Capitol, preceded by the Nil bench or the
.:,preine Court in their robes of office:
On reaching the front of the portico the
President elect was conducted to the seat
provided for him, immediately on tha• outer
Irons of the platform, under a canopy, and
in full view of the immense concourse of
people who thronged the vast area in front.
His appearance was greeted with cheers.
Mr. Lincoln then advanced, and in a loud
'clear voice, read the following:
THE INAUGURAL.
Fellow, Citizens of the United States:
In compliance with a custoncas old as the
Government itself, I appear before you to ad
dress you briefly, and to take, in your Ares
once, ilie_oath prescribed by-tke GonstitutiO
of the United States to be taken bylre-Tiesi
dent before he enters on the execution of Ills
elec. •
Ido not consider it necessary - at present. for
me to discuss those matters of administration
about whieh there is no special anxiety or ex
eitement.
Apprehtimlion seetns to exist among the peo
ple of the Southern States that by the acces
sion of a Republican administration; their
property and their peace and personal securi
ty are to be endangered. There has• never
been any reasonable cause for such apprehen
sion. -Indeed, the tuost ample evidence to the
oontrary has all the while existed and been`
open to their inspection.
his found in nekrly all the published speeches
of him who now addresses you. I do but
quote from one of these speeches when I de
dare that ..I have no purpose, directly or
indirectly, to interfere with the Institutions of
slavery, in the States where it exists,,,l believe:
I havenchtwful right to do so, and I have'
no inclination to do so." Those who nomina
ted and elected me did so with the full knowl
edge that I had made this and many similar
declarations, and had never recanted, them.
And more than this, they' 'placed in the plat
form for my acceptance, as a laver° ehemselves
and to me, the clear and Mnpliatio - resolution
which 1 now read:
Resqued, thot the, maintenance inviolate
of the righte of the litotes,*and especially the
right of •eaoh .State to oreler and control its
own dotnetdio institutions according to Its.
own judgment exclusively, is essential to that
balance of power on which the perfection and
- endurance of our polititul fabric depends.
And we denounce the lawless invasion by an
armed force ornny State or-territory, no mat
ter under what pretext, as 'among the gravest
of crimes.'!
•. I now reiterate these sentiments, and in do
ing so, I only press upon the, public attention
the most conclusive evidence of-whlch the case
is susceptible—that the property, Pence 'end
security of no section are to be in anywise
endangered by the new incoming administra
tien.
'I add, too, that all the protection which,
consistently with the - Constitution and the
Laws can lie giien, will be cheerfully given
to all thp.States, when lawfully demanded,for
whatever cause, as cheerfully to one section
as to another. '
There is much controversy about the deliv
ering of fugitives from service or labor. The
clause I now read is as plainly 'written iu the
Constitution, as any other of its provisions.
No person held to service or labor iu one
State under the laws th reed', escaping into
another, shall; in cons tuic° of any law or
'regulation therein, be discharged from ouch
service or labor, hut shall be delivered up on
. claim of 'the party to whom si oh service or
labor may be due."
•It is scarcely questioned that isf ovision
was intended by those who made it for the re
claiming of what we cell fugitive slaves, and
the intention of the law giror is the law.
All members of Congress swear .their sup•
port to the whole Constitution—to this provis 7
Melees much as to any other-to the propo
sition then that slaves whose cases come with.
in the terms of this clause, and "shall bo de
livered up," their oaths are unanimous.
Now if they would make the effort in good
temper, could they not, with nearly equal
unanimity, frame and pass a law by means of
which to keep good that unanimous oath ?
There is some difference of opinion whether
this clause should be enforced by National or
State authority, but surely that difference is
not a very material one.
If the slave is to be surrendered, it can be
of but little consequence' to him or to others,
by which authority it is done. And should
any one in any case be content that his oath
shall be kept on a merely unsubstantial con
troversy as to how it shall be kept?
Again—ln any 110-upon this subject ought
not. all the' safeguards of liberty known in
civilized and human jurisprudence to be intro
duced, so that a freeman may not be, in any
case, surrender 4 as a slave?
And might it not be well at the same time,
to provide by law for the enforcement of that
china() in the Constitution, which guarantees
that "the citizens of each State shall 6 . e enti
tled to all the provisions and immunities of
the citizens in the several Staten?" 1 take
the official oath to-day with no mental reser
vation and with no purpose to construe the
Constitution or laws by tiny hypocritical rules.
And while I do not choose now to specify par-
-ticular acts et' Congress os proper to be en- '
forced, I do suggest that it will be much safer
for all, both in official and private stations,
to conform to and abide by all these acts which
stand unrepealed, than to violate any of them,
trusting to find impunity in having them held
to be unconstitutional.
It is acarcely Beventy•twp years - since the
first inauguration 'of a Presidentlonder our
National Constitution. Duriog, that period
fifteen different and greatly distingui4ted citi
zens have iu succession administered the exe
cutive branch of ale Government. They have
conducted it through many perils, and gene
ral with great success. Vet with all this. scope
fur precedent, I now enter upon the sa u te task
for the brief term of four years, under great'
and peculiar difficulty. A disruption ,ot. the
Federal Union,. heretofore, only menaced, is
now formidably attempted. .1 hold, that iu
contemplation of universal law and of - the Con
stitution, the union of these States is perpetu•
ttl ; perpeluity is implied, if not expressed,
in the fundamental law Of till national govern
ments
It is safe to assert,gat government proper
ly never had a provision in,its organic law for
its own termination. Cyntinue to excluue all
the express provisions °tour Natimml Consti
tution, tend' the Union will endure ohver, it
being impossible to destroy it except by some
action nut provided for in the instrument it
self.—Agaitt, if the United Stated be not a
government proper, but null association of
States in the nature of contract merely, can it
as'a contract be peaceably unmade by less
than all the parties who made it ° One party to
a contract may violate it, break it, so to speak,
but does it not require all to lawfully rescind
it?
Descending from these general principles,
we tied the proposition, that in legal contem
plation the Union ix perpetually confirmed by
the history or the Union itself. The Union is
much older than the Cons , if ut i on. It was
formed, in fact, by tIM Articles of Association
in 1774.—1 t wan matured and continued . by
ti.-- it
was
was further matured, and the faith of all the
then thirteen States e'kpressly plighted and
engaged that it should be perpetual by the ar
ticles of confederation, in 1773.
And finally, in 1787, one of the declared
objects for ordaining and establishing the
Constitution was to form a more perfect Union
but, if destruction of the Union by one or by
a part only of the Slates be lawfully possible,
-the Union i 3 less than before, the Constitution
having lost We vital element of perpetuity'.
It follows from these views that no State upon
its own nacre motion can lawfully get out
.of the Union ; that resolves and ordinances to
that effect are legally void, and that acts of vio
lence within any State or States against, Ott
authority of the United States , - are insurreo
t lottery or revolutionary according to circutu
i,,
stances.
I therefore consider that in view of the Con•
etitution and laws. the Union is unbroken, and
to' the extent of my nbility, !fake care,
as the Constitution itself expressly enjoins on
rue, that the laws or the Union be faithfully
executed in all the Scala Doing this I deem
to be only a simple duty on ety part, and I
shall.. perform it so far its practicable, unless
my rightful masters, tit% American people,
shall withhold the requisite means or' in some
outhoritive manner direct the contrary. 1
trust this will not be regardell no a menace,
but only as a declared purpose of Union ; that
it will constitutionally defend and maintain
itself in doing this. There need be no blood
shed or violence, mid there shall bcanone un•
less it bu forced upon the National authority.
The power confided to me will he used to
hold occupy and possess the property nod
places belonging to the Government, and to
collect duties and imposts, but beyond what
may be necessary for these objects there will.
ho no invasion, no using of force against or
t erming people anywhere. Where hostility to
the United Stales in any individual State shall
be so great and so universal as to prevent
competent resident citizens from holding fede
ral offices, there will ho no attempt to force
obnoxious strangers among the people for
that object. While theArict legal right may
exist in the Government to force the exec.•
cise of these Wilms, the attenifirto do so would
be so irritating and so nearly lnipruoticable
withal, that I deem it better to forgot) for a
time the UFOS of such offices. The mails, un
less repelled, will be continued to be furnish.
ed in, all parts of the Union, so tar as possible.
The pitople everywhere shall have that sense
of.perfect security which is most favorable to
calm thought and reflection. The course.
here indicated will be followed, unless current
events and experience shall show a modifica
tion or change to beproper, and, in every
case and exigeney, mAl t best disoredon will be
exercised according to cireumetnnees actually+
existing, and with a view and a hope of a
peaceful solution of the National troubles, and
the Astoration of. fraternal ,sympathies and
affections.
That there are persons in one'seetion or an
other who seek to destroy the Union' at all
irid are glad of any pretext to do it, I
will neither affirm or deiiy ; but if there be
such hors, I need addreia - tio word to them. To
those, however, who really p lovethe ion may
I not speak ? Before entering upon A-gravo
a matter. as the destruction of our National
fabrio•witb all its benefits, its memorios, and
hopes, would it not be wise to ascertain pre.
cisely what we do? Will you Inward oodespe
tate a step while there is any possibility that any
portion of the ills you fly from luive no real
existence? Will you, while • the certain ills
you fly to are greater thou •all the real •ones
you fly from, rink the commission of so fear
ful a mistake? All profess to be- content in
the „Union; if all 'constitutional rights can .bo
'maintained. Is it true - then, that any right
plainly written in the Constitution has been
I think not. • Happily .The human
mind is constituted that no party'cau reach to
the audacity of doiug t his., Think, if you can,
of a single instance in which a plainly written
provision,of the •Constitution has ever been
•
denied. •
,If by the mere force of numbers kmajority
should deprive the minority' of any clearly
written Constitutional right, it might, in a
moral point of view, justify a revolution: it
certainly would if such a right - were a vital
one. But:tench is not'eur case. All the vital
rights of minorities and of individuals are so
' piniuty assured to th,ein, by affirmations sod'
negations, guarnqteetOnd prohibitions in the
Constitution, flint' controversiee never' arise
concerning them; but no organic la*, can be
framed with a provision specifically applicable
to every queqion which may occur in peacti
cal adthinistration. • No foresight min aulici
pate r nor any document 'of reasonable length,
contain express provisions for nil possible
questions. Shall fugitives from labor be sur,
rendered by National or State, authority'?
The Constitutiondoes not expressly say_ May
' Congretts protect slavery in the' Teri itories ?
The Constitution does not expressly soy. Must
Coegress protect slavery in the Teititoriee ?
TheConstituiien doA not expressly soy. Frets
questions of this clitt•ti spring all our Constitu
tional controversies, and we divide upon them
into majorities and tninnrAties. If the mibori
ty will net acquiesce 4116 mojolity must, or
tile Government must CC/ISC.
There is no other alternative for continuing
the government but acquiescence on the ono'
side or the other. If a minority in suclronse
will secede raller than acquiesce, they mike
a precedent which in turn will divide or ruin
them; for a minority of their own. will secede
front (bent whenever a majority refuses to be
controlled by such a minority. Fordestance,•
why may not. any portion of tgew cord'edera
cy a year or two hence, arbitrarily accede a
gain, precisely as portion's of the present Un
ion how claim to secede from it ? All who
cherish disunion sentiments are now being
educated to life exact temper of doing this.
Is there such perfect identity of interests a
mong the Slates to compose a new Union as
to produce harmony only, and prevent renew
ed secession ?—Plainly the central idea of so
cession is the essence of anarchy. A majority.
held in restraint by constitutional checks and
limitations, and always changing cosily with
the deliberate changes of popular opinions and
sentiments. is the only true sovereign of a free
people. Whoever rejects it t , does of necessity
,tly to anarchy tr-to despotism. • Unanimity
is impossible, Then ,'tile era minority as a
warrant intrange , tnedit Orwhelly inadmissible.
So that, rejecting the majority principle, tin
:trolly and despotisni form is all' that
is lett..
I do not forget the p6ition nestsmed by
some, that constifinional questions are to be
rdecide3l-by the Supreme Court, nor do I deny
that such decisions must be binding in any
enact upon the parties to a suit as to . the object
of that suit; while they are also entitled to
very high respect and consideEmion, in all
I pal allel cases by all other departments of the
government; and while it is obviously Los•
' slide that such decision may be erroneous in
any given case, still the evil effect following
it, being limited to that'particular case, with
the chance that it may be overruled and never
become a precedent for' others, can better be
borne than could the evils of &different prac
tice. At the same limo the candid citizen must
confess Iliac if the policy of 'the government
upon vital que.tions affecting the whole peo
ple, is to be irrbvocnbly t fixed by decisions of
the Supreme Court, the instant they are made
in ordinary litigation between' parties in per
sonal nctious, tire people will have ceased to
be their.own rulers,Maving to that extentprac
deafly resigned their government, into the
hands of that eminent tribunal. Nor is there
in this view any assault upon the courtor the
judges. It. is a duty from which they May
uut shrink to decide ea - iies properly brought.
before ilietn„itud it it no fault of theirs if
others seek to turn their decisions to political
purposes. One section of our country believes
skiery to be right, and ought to bo extended;
while the other behoves it is wrong, and ought
not to he extended.; This is the only substan•
tint dispute. The fugitive slave clause of the
-Constitution and the law on the suppression
'of the foreign slave trade ate each as well en
forced perhaps as any law ever can to in a
community where the morel sense of the peo
ple imperfectly supports tbe law itself. This
gr t body of the wide abide by the dry
1
*.d
1 ohligation;lritath eases, nod a few bleak
o ur in each. This 1 think cannot be perf 'oily
cured, and it would he worse in both cases
after the separation of the sections than before
The foreign slave trade, now imperfectly
suppresoed, would he ultimatelYrevived with•
out restriction in one section, while fugitive
slaves, now only partially'surrendered, would
not be surrendered at all by the other. Phy•
eically speaking..we cannot separate, we can
not remove our.respective sections from eacli
other, nor build all • impassable wall between
them. A bustmod and wife may he divorced
and go out of the presence and beyond the
reach of each other, but the,ditfereut parts of
our Ountrycannut_do this ;. they_cannet_hut._
remain - face to face, and an intercourse, either
amicable or hostile, must continue,between
them. Is it possible then to make that-inter
course more advantageous or more satisfac
tory after separating titan before? Can aliens
make treaties easier than friends can make
haws? Can treaties be more faithfully en
forced betwecu aliens than laws among
friends?. Suppose you go to war, you Clill•
not tight always, and when, after much los4
on both sides and no gain on either, you cease
fighting, the identical questions as totems are
again upon you. . .
This country. with its Institut ionfr, holongs
to the people who inhabit it. Wheneverjhey.
shalOgrow weary allmexisting Government
'they eon exercise their constitutional right
of amending it, or their revolutionary right
to diamenitter or overthrow it. I cannot be
ignorant of the fact that many worthy and
patnotie citizens are desirous of having Clip
National ConstitutioA,nmended While I mato
uo recomenUilions of amendmeuts. I fully
'recognize the rightful authority of the people
oven the whole rulkjeet, to be exercised in
either of the modes prescribed in the instru
ment itself. and I should, under existing cir
cumstances, favor rather titan oppose a,fair
opportunity being afforded the people to act .
upon it.
I will venture to add that, to me, the Con
vontion mode seems preferable, inasmuch as
it alien's the amendment to originate with the
people 'themselves, intead of permitting them
tc take or'rejeot proposition originated by
others not mpecitilly'chosenkfor the purpose,
and which might not be precisely .such-as
they would wish to eper accept or reins°.
< 1 understand a prtriTused amendment to the
Constitution, which amendment, however, I
Imo not seen.'has passed Congress, to the of
feet that the Federal Government shall never
interfere vl,ith the domestic institutions of the
States. krfoluding that of persons hold to ser
vice. To avoid a misconstruction of what I
have said, I depart from my purpose not' to
speak of particular amendments, so far as to
say that, holding such a provision to be now
implied as constitutional law, I have.no objeo•
lion to its being made express and irrevocable.
-The Chief Magistrate derives all his authority
front the people, and they have conferred none
.upon him to make terms for the separation of
the States. The people• themselves can do
this also if they choose, but tho Executive, as
such, has nothing to do with it. Ills duty is
to administer the present government as it
came to his hands, and to transmit it unim
paired by him to his successor. Why should
there not be a patient confidence in- the um
mate justice of the people? Is there any
better or equal hope in the world?
In our present differences is either- party
without faith of belnginright? If thAlatighty
Ruler of nations, with Ills eternal truth and
justice, be on your side of the North, or
your side of the South that. truth mud that
police will surely prevail by the judgment of
this great tribunal, the American people, by
the form of the Government under •which we
live. This, same --people have wisely. given
their servants but little power fur miechief,
and hove with equal wisdom provided for the
return'- of that little to their own hinds at very
short intervals. While thepeople yetain`their
virtue and viglltince,Oe administration, by any
extreme of wickedness or folly, can very seri.
ously injure the government in the abort space
of four yeara. • aly countrynien; 'one and all,
think caudy and well.upon this whole subject,
nothing „valuable:can be lost by taking time.
It there be an of to burry any of you in
hot haste to a atop, which you would neseic
t take deliberately; that object will be frustrated
by taking 'time, but no good object can be
iltustrated by it. - Buell of you as are dies k•
thifted, atilt have ibe l old Constitution, unim
paired; and on the sensitive. point the laws of
your own fraining under it; while the new
,Adininistration*ill have no immediate power,
if it would, to change either. If it were ad
mitted that you . -whOr are. dissailtifdid hold the
right aide irfAlie dispute, there is 'no single
good reason for precipitate -action. Intelli
gence, pairiotism, ehriatianity, and a firm re
liance•on Him who has never -yet forsaken
this' favored land, ore still competent to adjust
in the best way; all our present difficulties
' In younanda, my dissrftigfied countrymen,
and not in mine, - tria.M.l momentous Issue or'
civil war. ' The Government will not assail
you ; you can have no conflict. without. being
,yourselves the aggressors. You- have no oath',
registered in. heaven to destroy the Govern- ,
ment,'While I shall have the most solemn orie'
to preseiye: protect and defend it. I am loath
to close. We. are not enemies but friends.
We niugt 'not. IA enemies. Though passion
may have strained it •.must not break our
bonds of affectien. The mystic 'chords of
memory, .stretching from every battle field .
and pstraotio glove to every loving heart :luck_
hearthstone all over this broad land, will yet
swell the chorus of thtP Union:when again
touched as surely as they will be better nn
gets or our•nat ure.i•
AdtolOi te tratton office Oath of Office.
On cOritifiding his address the' President
elect turned towards Chief Justice Taney, who
fUlvanced, and extending the Bible toward
Mr Lincoln, administered the blowing oath
of office in the•terme presented by the Cou
stitution, and which Mr. Lincoln repeated
slowly and with impressive effect:
I, Abraham Lincoln, do Solemnly Swear
that I will Faithfull) . Execute. the Office of
President, of the United States,' and will to
the best of my ability, Preserve, Protect. and
Defend the Constitution of the United States." f
Thg Chief Justice scented very much agita
ted, and his hands shook very perceptably
with emotion. The' inauguration of to-day
makes the • eigth cerenixty of the kind at/
Which Justice Taney !has ofliitiated,
:administered the oath successively to VreM- 1
dents Van Buren, Tiler, Polk, \ Taylor, Fill
more, Pierce, Buchanan and Lincoln.
Dui•ing the taking Otitis solemn attestation!
the deCpest• interest was manifested, and• the:
multitude wits stilled into 'the:most earnest
attention. When it was concluded, find thosd
upon the platform followed the Chief Justicej
,in congratulating the President elect upon ;
his accession to office, the spettators joined',
in an enthusiastic acclaim of applause, whilst.
the.ewelling music of half a dozen bands, and
the roar of cannon, announced that the int.:
'portant ceremony was completed, and Abra
ham Lincoln duly inaugurated as the „six-,
teeuth'President of the United States.
• The ceremony was exceedingly impressive.,
At the coneldsion of tho inauguration cere
monies the president was escorted to the Sen.,'
ate chamber, thence to his carriage. and •thd
formingas in procession.of the morn
ing,-accompanied hid, with the Committee 0
Arrangements to the inite Hou•e.
9n reaching the executive mansion thetrooptj
formed in double line, on the main avenue
and the baroucbe containing the Presidential
party passed through to thc4lnnsion.
Mr. Buchanan accompanied . Mr. - Lincoln
the main hall, and there lek - rhis farewell
leave of him, expressing the hope, in cordial
terms, that his administration might prove i
happy and prosperous one.
DEPARTURE or Mn; BUCIIANAN.—TIIO E.
President left Washington on the sth inst..
for his 110111 e, at W'hoatland,•and was esciorted
to depeekby four military companies. ilo
had an enthusiastic reception at Baltimore,
and was escorted to Lancaster on the Gth by,
the Baltimore City (illards.
CII=3II3MEIT!
The thirty-sixth Congress has -ended,
its acts, now form part of the written It
of the caailitry. .
Friday larch I.—ln the Set ato, after
dispoSalihottie unimportant ii business,
report of the select committee on the pry t
lions of the Peaco Conference was taken up.
Mr Douglas, of Illinois, asked that tht
resolutions from the House be taken up also
Agreed to.
Mr. Mason, of Virginia, said that they ough
to be sent to the committee, so as to midi '
them intelligible.
Objection was made to taking up the ratio "..
ltnions.
.Mr. Seward, of here York, affend_his_joi9
-resolution as a substitute.
Mr. Hunter, of Virginia. moved to strili
out: the first article of the Pence Congre
proposition, and insert the first article of tit
Crittenden
.yesoluttans.
Mt. Collamer, of Vermont.. raised a quell
lion of order against any aniendmeats.
Mr. Seward claimed that t-ltriendment
the Senator from Virginia would
whole character, and the proposition wont'
then not he the recommendation of the Pea'
Congress and States represented in it, bt
simply a recommendation of Congress.
Mr. Bigler, of PettbsylimMtl., spoke againt
the propriety of 'milting amendments
The chair decided the amendment to be
order, and :Sir. Hunter addressed the Sena
at length. contending that the proposition w a s
worse than any that had yet been offered. M.
Mason also followed on the same side.
Mr. Crittenden replied declaring that lei
was willing to give up his own propositins
so that the difficulties plight be settled. Te
discussion was cantinued,when Mr. Wade,iif
Ohio, made a motion to adjourn, but yieldd
ho floor to Mr. Lunt
• Mr.. • Trumbull renewed the Motion. Ie
said it was evident thore was no use of stay fig
here debating propositions which were intiri
ded for the be'rder States, when the SeiiMrs
from those States say they will have Ilona olit.
The motion was disagreed to--3das 17,
nays 31., z i
On illation of Mr. Douglas. the resolutins
from the house were taken up; and madelhe
special order for to•morrow at 12 o'clock.
Mr. Lane, of Oregon, proceeded to bilbaiin
favor of the CritteMien resolutions, charsobr-
izing tho resolutions of the Convention it tr
cheat and huMbug, when Mr. Green morel to
adjourn. ',Carried—yeas 28, nays 22.
In the' House.—The Speaker annouMed
that the business in order wan the repoit of
thicCommittee of Thirty•three.
Mr. Lovejoy, of Illinois, moved to posl4 ge
it till the Fourth of July.
The Speaker quoted the rule, that nm m
her reporting a tueasure may open and close
the debate, and therefore Go awarded the floor
to Mr. Corwin.
Mr. Lovejoy replied that the debate vies
now eitlar to be openact or closed. He
appealed from the decision of the chair, which
decision the House sustained, and - thopendilig
proptisition was-rea l cl—namely, An act for the
admission of New Mexico into theNnited States
of America. ' -
Mr. , Corwin deeming explanation utaneces
eery, demanded the previous question on the
third reading and engrossment of the bill.
Mr. Hickman, of Peinsylvania, moved to
lay on the table. Carried—yeas 114, nays 71.
( The House next considered the amendment
of the act for the rendition of fugitives from
labor which was passed.. The chief , fentures
of these amendments are giving the fugitite
slaw; who asserts his freedom .the right bl ,trial by jurpia the State to which he le re
turned. with the aid of commit tint' the pro.
cese of procuring evidence at the 004, af the
United 'S tates; and releasing the citizens of
the freestates from the obligation of aiding
t:e capture or detention of a fugitive blare
exceptiyhou a forcible moue is attempted•
A motion was made to a depend the rules to
at iu the propositions of the Peace Conference,
.ut was disagreed to, and the House proceed- .
td to the cousitieration s of territorial business.
1 * The Houtte lookup the Senate bill organi
zing the territory of Nev'aria. .
Mr Grow explained thlit the bill proposed
a government covv v iag the western part of
Utah and the Washo6 silver mining region.
87 : 500 square miles with twelve or fifteen
l'hotisand inhabitants In answer to a ques
tion from Mr. Simms, Mr. Grow said that
there was nothing in the bill about slavery.
It was sinillar to the Colorado territorial
with the exoeption of the name and bounda
ries. The billwas then passed,-.yeas 02,
inapt 60.
Mr. Grow ,milled up the Senate bill to pro
vide a territorial govet;intmt for Duotah.
Ilk remarked that this territory', is what is left .
outside the brganipition of the State of Min
nesota, embracing 300,000squore miles, with
a'population of 6,000. The bill wa i t' similar
to those for Colorado and Nevada, with the
exception of the name and boundaries.
- The bill for the admission of New Mexico,
'Was laid on the table by a vole of 115 eo 71.
Saturday March I,—ln the Senate a num
ber of bills were passed, several communica•
lions rec ved, and a number of reports read.
The Pea e Convention propositions were ta
ken t Lane, of Oregon, spoke for
three hours gainet the bill, and mitiauswered,
by Mr. Johnson, of Tennessee.
Reports were received from the Committees
of Conference on the Army and Indian bills,
and were passed. •
Filially after midnight, tho Senate‘took a
recess until Sunday evening at 7 o'clock.
In the House of Representatives 2(1,000
copies each of the report of the conintittee' on
investigation on the abstracted bond case, and
of Mordecai & Delnfialffs report on the mili
tary operations in the Crimea, and 20,000
copies of the Morrill Tariff bill, as amended
on its,missage, were crdered to be printed.
The Senathamendments to the Post-office Ap
propriation bill' wns considered. The timehd
went abolishing the present Butterfield route,
Was ogreed.to. A message wasweatl front
the President, in answer to the request to
knowl the 'reaion for assembling a numb of
Federal troops in Washington, A resnlution
was adopted, stating it to have been a grave
error 011 the part of the Secretary of the Navy
to accept the resignation of thos.o officers who
were in arms against their government, A
resolution mil adopted, presenting the thanks
'of the House to the lion. Wm. Pennington,
Speaker thereof, for, the faithful, courteous
and•iMpartial discharge of his duties
,during
the present' Congress. Several privtlte bills
were passed. The comma - tee of conference
on the disagreeing amendment to the Indian
Appropriation bill reported through Mr. flow
ord. lle said that the Mouse committee had,
instead of allowing $1,200,000, as proposed
by the Senate, reluctantly agreed to allow
$500,000 to tivr Choctaws, half in money, half
in bonds. The report was agreed tn by a
majority of nine. The Hulse the!, adjourned.
Sunday ivining, the
,Sonata resumed the
consideration of the propositions by the Peace
Conference, the galleries were 'crowded, and
the confusion was at times's° great that :be
busings was interrupted, until they were
closed, Mr. Crittenden made, a forcible speech
in favor of the proposition, Mr.' T'rumbull of
Illinois, .opposed them.. After a session of
twelve hours the COrwhi resolution was pass ,
oil as it came from the House. The Senate
then took a recess till 10 o'clock when Mr.
z - oltinritige delivered his parting speech,
and Mr. Hamlin was sworn in. The Senate'
was then declared adjourned sine die. The
proclamation for an extra session was then
read. In the extra session a number of
ly elected Senators were sworn iti. ,
In the floes°, amittgrelit eohfusion, a num
bd of 'reports frotn,the Committee of Confer
ence Werii - Okrced to. The Select Corianittee,
appointed to wait on the President, announ•
cod that he had no further official comMunica
lion_to_natike.—§peaker—Pennington-then-de
livered his farewell address, and the Mouse
adjourned eine die. '
The President has approved' the Tariff bill
and also the bills establishing the' territorial
governments of Colorado, llacotali and Neva
da. In these nothing whatever is said about
slavety.
"
Special Session of the Senate
WASHINGTON, Mardi 6tll-42p) motion-of Mr.
Hale, 'of New Hampshire, ;4; Committee was
appointed to wait ou the President, to inform
him that the Senate was ready- to receive any
communication he - might be pleasd'to make.
.
Nlessrs. Rale' and Dotfg 'were appointed
contruitteq; and entered,innediately upon
heir duty
Tho Senate took a recces of half an hour,
and on re-assembling, Mr. llale reported that
the committee had performed the duty ae-ign
ed to them, and that the President had inform
ed them he would birthwith communicate a
message iu writing.
After a short interval, • Mr. Nioalay,' the
private secretary of the President, appeared
with the message, when,
Ou motion of Mr. Bale, the Senate went into
executive session... '
' The Cabinet...„ , .
The Senate remained in eecrel , -atisaion for
an hour and a half, and confirmed the follow
ing Cabinet appointments, which had • bean
made by the President :
Secretary of State—William 11. 'Seward, of
Now York.
Secretary of lb o Treasury—Salmon P. Chase,
of Ohio.
Secretary of War—Simon Cameron, of Penn-
iylvouie
Seoretari of the Nary—Gideon Wellee, of
Connetieut
Secretary of the Interior—Caleb Smith, of
Indiana.
Attorney General--,Edward Bates, of Mis
QM
\ Postmaster General—Montgomery Blair of
The votes by which these appointments were
confirmed were unaniMous for all exon.t Mr.
Bates and Mr. Muir, four or five votes being
cast against each, that many objecting to them
because they were unwilling that. any • man
from the Wave Statis should go into the Cabi-
•
net.
A large crowd was assembled around :the
door, anxious to bear the,result of the Execu
tive seesion. '
At.r., idea of "reconstruction" is steadily
resisted and denied by the leading politicians
in the seceding States, and 'they affirm that
in at least four or five of these States, noth•
ing could induce a return to the Union—no
compromises, no concessions, no adjustineht.
This, (says the Alexandria Gazette) is dis•
unionism, per se; but it is not the doctrine of
a largo majority, even of the secessionists in
Virginia and North Carolina: •
Soutenice for' Murder.
Pultansi.PuiA, Monday, Feb:25,.1861.
Young Armstrong . was .sentenced this
morning to be , hanged fur the' murder ~of
Robert Crawford.o lie made a eptlech ni the
Court. denying His guilt,' 'but .snaking admit•
Mons' showing that ho was, in some way eon•
neated.witty the affair, ' 4
. .•
'' •
, .
. .
. . .
. , .
• .
. . - . ..
Eolvn anb 6onittly Wlt Mitts.
1116fe,ohopgie41 itegisfei- fah 1860.
_
TIIIOIOIO79ETEIL -'
I .
.1801. 7 o'ck. 2 o'ck, 2.o'ck. Daily 11am
MAncri A. M. v. M. P. M. keno.
-- • --",
28 38 63 49 • 59 60
• 1 62 ' _ 1-70 ' • 60 02 fill
2 54 76 08 02 66 11
3 49 70 '63
4 40 03 41 (2 I
0 0 31, at 23 29 33 I .
0' '29 • '3B 35 34 00 . f
RENIAIIIIM—PIci , o. Dalai Zero, 4. ':! , : , 1 .•: • . .
BUSINESS.—WitiItIIO return of Spring,
we hove the usual indications of the Spring
trade. Our Merchants and business• men ire
making arrangements to visit. the cities to re
plenish their stocks. Those who, appreciate'
the advantages resulting from making their
business knoWn to the public, will' find ihe
HERALD a valuablci medium for tiler purpose.
THE BURNING 01.` Moscow.—Prof.
Gallagher, has now a Very interesting exhi.
bition at Itheem's hall which will probably
Close thin evening. It consists of dioptric
paintings, ventriloquism, and the 'mechani
cal piece of the burning of Moscow, during
the campaign of Napoleon to Russia.. Any
one who wishes to spend two, hours pleasantly
and
. prefitably, cannot do better than invest
fifteen cents in this exhibition... Young folks
especially, will be amused as well as inter
ested."
SUICIDE.—,Throb .Niqoconter a faraier
residing in Monroe township, coin :flitted imi;
tide by hanging himself;• on Monday last.
He was a man of about 50 years ()Cage, and
had for sometime back been suffering from
fits of deSpuildency, 'indicating insanity.
When found he was guile dead, acid Coroner
Sart.n being sent for, summoned a jury, who
gave a Verdict in accordance with The facts.
• BCROLARY.—On Wednesday night of
last week4e store of Mr. Millets in New
Cumberland 14:83 robbed of abobt thirty dol.
fare in imoney and a lot of clOthing, boots,
shoes ,l-c. ,Theigoods Were found eoneealed
among some lumber in a saw•mill,,and sup-
posing that the burglerS would visit it at
night to carry off the plunder, Officers Rad
abaugffi and Garman of Harrisburg kept
watch and captured -the fellow about nitur
o'clock. Mr. Willetts id utifed th'e' pnrSe
and money which was foutid on his person*.
He was brought Co town and committed for
MraiioD Br Co NFERENCE.—The . an
nual Conferende of . the M. E. Church, will
commence at Chamberaburg on Wednesday.
next, and will remain in session about ten
days. Bishop Simpson will preside over the
Conference; and ii is expected two hundred
and fifty preachers will be in attendance.
The Rev: Messrs. Chenowiili and Gibson;
who have had the oottgregationa of. this place
in charge for the last two years, will, under
the rules, be' transfered to other stations
they have labored acceptably to the- people
of Carlh;lo,Aand their absence will be regretted
by many " outaiders,".as well as the immedi
ate Members of the two churches.
MOUNT HOLLY PAPER.—We tondo;
our thanks to Metiers. EstarrON & :iluix,sat of
the mount Hail/ Pape Co., for a box of beau
tifully finished paper. expressly;for Eusiness
Lettere. This is something new; being put
up in perfect sheets, without folding,' ruled
only on ono side, and in quality, color and
finish, exceeds any thing of the kind we have
over seen. In fact all the paper manufactured
at the Mount Holly Mill, is very, superior, a
proof of which may be found hi' the ready sale
it has met with ; for .althou g h it is only a
little over two years since the mill was start- .
ed, - they have been obliged
,to run it to it,
fullest capacity,. to supply the demand.—
Even now, notwithstanding the present politl-
co-financial panic, which has prostrated all
branches of trade, causing many of the East
ern paper mills to, shut down, and others to
run on half time the h o ly Mill has continued
to run day and night with increased laber,
to order to meet the wants of some of the
Paper Houses who have heretofore imported
their paper from England, Messrs KEMPTON
Mwd.r,N,havo recently introduced into their
mill, new machinery fur rolling the paper,
which is done by placing, each sheet of paper
between two pieces of zinc' which, passing
between heavy iron rollers, with a pressure of
over one hundred tons weight', gives toillie
paper that beautiful, glazed, satin surface, au
.much desired by those who 'use gold or stool
pone.
Tjt elate is greatly indebted to the enter- ,
prizrof the Mount 'lolly Paper C 0.,. because
they have put into' successful operation, the
only paper mill in Pennsylvania, which now
manufalures writing paper The Company is
composed of Mr. S'ui't. KBAIPTON Jr. and Cues.
11. NIIJ/. , LEN, who tire the active members, and
Rolm GIVIN and Wth. B. Mecum,
Esqrs. of this Courity, and S. J. MEOARCIII
Esq. of Philadelphia, who have invested a large
capital fn this establishment ; and ifs impor
tance to this county 'may be judged from the
fact that it employs about one hundred hands,
mostly females, whose monthly wages require
from tiveltlifteen htindred dollars in (mill.
A few years ago, Pennsylvania supplied all
Cholla° :writing paper made in this country;
but theintrodnetion of expensive improvements,
in Machinery, required associated eapikal to
carry on the business;consequently,companiei
at the Norih and East, with chartered privileg
es, superseded the manufacturers in ibis State,
who, unable to compete with them, were oblig
ed to turn their mills to the making of Book
and Printing paper.
. We repeat then, that this Slate is indebted to
the' s /Midi Hotly Paper Co. for being.the first
to get baok a part of so valuable a branch of
industry, and we hope they will not be the only
instance; as:, it is said, there are somoforty
mills for making writing paper, East and 'North
of us, who are obliged to come to this State
to getiteir domeetic rags, this being the only
1 ,
rag scul l ing State in the Unfelt.
Mount Hotly is situated seven miles
from Carlisle, in one of .the most romantic
districts of this county. The improvements
indleate taste as well as enterprise ou the part
of the'proprielors, and visitors cannot but be
gratified as well as interested, in noting the
system and regularity which pervades every
department of the establishment, in the'pro.
case of preparing that medium, on
,which man.
kind • "
by trecleg ma& Ilnea are taught,.
Ilow to embody, and to color thought.",
POBLIO BALES.
Rico un innotisoti, at hie rooldencein
chorolitown. *lll cell 'oo the 12th of Morph,
hor i. oitt10; fanning implements, blt;Ck
amities tools, and honeehold.and kitchen fur•
.
111AAfil GASSAX.7 WIII POI St hi!rosid enno in
Isout o lt in
Middleton, township, threrlyPheaffer's
hliq, horses, horned cattle, wag ‘ otis, and a
snrioty i)r Other *Aiello., nu 114 23fi '