E 3Aritultutal. Agriculture Among the Romans. The Roman farmers, like ourselves, were fond of putting on record any ex traordinary crop. Pliny says that there wore sent front Byzantium in Africa, to Augustus, nearly 400 stalks, all from one grain; and to Nero, 340 stalks. The soil fioniwhich this immense yield was obtained would seem to have possessed a remarkable quality, for Pliny says that "when dry, the stoutest oxen cannot plow it. but after rain, I have seen it opened by a share, drawn by a wretched ass on the one side and an old woman on the other." A soil that "bakes" so hard as this in dry weather could not have 'been plowed very deep with such a team. Iu Italy the crops seem to have been less extraordinary 'though good, according to Van.o the yield of wheat was from 21 to 31 bushels per acre. When Rome was at her greatest height, in the t : itne of the Clesars, the fanners obtained almost fabulous prires for some of tlo it )roductions. Vitrro informs us th-t —f;rt, birds." such as thrushes, black bir k, were sold at fifty cents each. awl sometimes 5000 of them were sold in a year from one farm.—[Farms were geom.:lllV' small.] Pea fowls were sold . _ - at ;an egg tit 80 cents. A farm sometimes produced as many, of these fowls as to sell for $25,000. A pair of fine doves were co nmonly of the same price as a peacock, $7. If very pretty, they were much higher, no less than $5O. L. Anins, a Roman knight, refused to sell a pair under $6-1.• The "chicken fe ver- it seems did not o44nate in this atfe and countt.v. Whether the Romans hail any Shanghais daY's that conld "eat corn off the top of a flour bar rel. and stri •c over a sixteen inch plank w;thout any exertion," we are not in formed. Woodward, in his "Essay towards a Natural history of the Earth,") publish ed in 1695, says, those who have written de art' : combinatorie, reckon up no few er than one hundred and seventy-nine millions, one thousand and sixty differ ent sorts of earth," Modern science in= fornis us, indeed, 'that all agricultural soils are composed 6f some foiirteen ele ments, but these are so combined as to form an almost infinite variety of soils, of whose characteristics at the present day, we can hardly claim to know any thi or. The Romans were orally igno rant. They characterised soil as. rich, or por. fieeft stiff wet or dry. The best soil they thought had a blackish color, was gluttinous when wet, and friable when dry ; exhaled and agreeable smell when plowed, imbibed water readily, re taining a sufficiency, and discharging what was superfluous ; not injurious to the plow irons by causing a salt rust; freiinented by crows and other birds at the time of plowing; and when at rest speedily covered with A rich turf. A free soil WOl3 always preferred. The best situation for lands, according to Colamella and Palladius, is "not s) much on a level as to make the water stagnate, nor so low as to be buried in the bottom of a valley nor so exposed as to feel the violence of storms and , heats; for in these a mediocrity is always ~ best; but champai7n land exposed; and whose declivity affords the rains a frc e passage ; 'or a hill whose sides gently decline ; or a valley not too much confined, and into which the air has easy access; or a mountain defended : by a higher top, and thereby secured from the winds that are most pernicious, or if high and rugged, at the same time ooyered with trees and grass. The situation of hinds which Ca to reckons the.hest,.are at the foot of a mountain with a southern exposure. Pliny says that the best lands in Italy are so situated. Planting tree's to screen the hind from the high winds which frequently pre vailed, and for fruit, was recommended by nearly all the Roman writers. Cato says : "A land owner should apply him self to the planting of his fields early hislhuth;. but he ought to think long before he builds. lie ought not to think about planting; but he ought to do it. When he is about thirty-Six yearSof age, he may builcly provided his fields are planted:" ' .Pliny gives the same advice.. "Men," ho 'says, "should plant in their youth, and not build Mill their 'fields go planted ; and even thou ought not to • ! •be •in a hurry, but take time to ,eonsider. I,t is:best, according to the proverb to li alit by the folly of others." Many -ouna American. farmers might follow his advice of the old Roman with ad antage Better plant a good orchard, !nin build a fine house The Romans paid much attention to 'le breeding, breaking, feeding and Jorking of their cattle. "Bulls," says 'alladius, "should be tall, with huge tembers, or a middle age, rather young lan old, of a stern countenance nail horns, a brawny and vast neck, and confined belly." The cows Colamella lost approves of are "a tall make, long, .'ith very large belly, very broad head, , - yes black and open, horns graceful, 'moth, and black, hairy ears, straight iws, very large dewlap and tail, and .loderate hoofs and legs." Breeders of horses mid cows, Virgil observes, should attend principally to the make of the female, who ought to be large in all her parts. I) Ll 0 ill arc, J ()UN P. , 1,1NE . -11 r Ide.ale and lie i tail dealer iii American, I,iiiid al and iiertiiitti ARD %VA It I.i, oil', Paints, se.. it. ~...iiititics, builders nl tho public I:mom:illy, who are iu omit of Illardwarn of anv kind, are invited to call in and my ui.asunily larg stock of 400ds, which 1 .no selling at rory low loos. I.i; it will lily dotal,' you a very c minutes to MI convilMell Lii IL what everybody says that Lyii's is decidedly the 1 .1,0 to got go.' g1101.1:4 at .5 11111'0S-111 list MI true. I. i N E'S Ilardware Storm West its North Hanover street. 44Alit to WA REt Ylt SA XTON. The Ileon nom 11a,11.2, it, in... U flllll the city would rail the iontion or I,is mend , and tile public goncrally to the and well solected,osortmout of Hardware which be is just cirri rod. 'insisting in part of BUILDING 31.1- :11l A nails, sore, s, hinges.locks. bolts glass. putty. lots, oils. &v. TOOLS—edge tools. Sans and pianos n. 11:1111111,1, aliVils, g0 ,,,, a 1 SIIOr.M.\ KEW' AND Silt t •:i•ther an' , shins. sir;m throat', wax, 11:11'111 , S illiilint •&,.. Thl 111 , NO—onnvass and mak , ••-ml.! ',Om( and onamollod loather. %p lees. shit, 1,. Cabinet will 11n4 3 large as— Ttmont of I'M, 111:111 , IaIllly and WII.IIIIIt ccnorrs, unnildine, rtltltAttlS err I+ It h I • i 11,1 ha ir. . . I'hr'.ct,,,•!c .1• I r.n in largo and will ..olootod, 4 all th,• !dud. in Fi•nernl tt.i...as hammered and rllod , ..r slits. Ila t. hand irmi. 1 if oval irmi.lmr,e-slitie iron and nail reds. with.a tar t ui eagt and spring steel, English and American tills r steel. Sm. llom•eheitperq and those about commeneing will Ord It their advantage to call and ex :1111i Ile our cutlery•. brit ia and plated ware palls, kettles, cedar ware, haskets. In addition to t h e, above we have received a splendid : , irtiniit PAPER. Inal.hpz the -to. and at utteli prices as valitiot 1111 1,, v i v ,, sa t ish i e ,n, IVe invite nil friends to rill. It nowi nu it will he I ~ . ir own mivitiitinf.ii. Remember the nid stand, East , Stroet: liarli4le, Pa. ,b•t. e 8 .115, II ENE 1 Y ' 1 " IN • . sz a a II AR DWARF,' !-T Ike larg. ,t 40 and most carried assortment of Ilard r74, ware in the county, and selling at the J. North Hanover St., 'Carlisle Ni•;c pricu6, ut _ Ag_ricaftqrtu: CARLISLE FOUNDRY '• AND MACHINE Sllop, I • • • 'he subscriber has the satisractinu DI- V= dige wining his old friends and patrons that lis establishment Is again lo urtiro ope n, nett imodings having been ereeted shoe the late 4 a traits tire and the whole establishment put in i.Olll - ...wain::: order. orders are theref..re respevi fully for 11111( in his line, which mill be dune with duiptness and in the best 111111111. M. STEAM ENGINES BIM LT Ti) ORDER Id repaired. .\ II kinds 1.111 . Machinery in Paper Mills, fist 11111s:id Factories tepgireti at short notice. Mill endles dressed and turned. .1 1./ESEEitS 01111 .teh as Bevil Gear Four ilorse Power, ll:)tho,T,t,l l 7 ear horse and Two Horst. Movers. Plou;glis, Corn Shel ws anti Crushers, tte. Patterns made to order. Iron and .rose CAS EINCS executed to order. It not on hand. at to shortest notieu, such as Cranks and Mill Gearing, per anti Bevil Wheels. Gudgeons for Saw Mills, Plow titings, Cutters, Point Shears, IVagon and Coach Box „ Spindles. Car Wheels, Car Chairs, Sr. Ile has also t 4.11111 a large supply or Philadelphia and Troy CI elli• Ili s riv ES, and is eonstantly making Cooking Stn es various improved patterns for coal or wood, it'll 111111 l! ''yes, Crates, &c. Itepairing done to^ all kinds lif Ma tinery. Ali kinds of old I r tn. Ertss and Copper taken exchange for e oris. 13.9 Fit.lNl:l,lN lIAIIDNEII. FAIt.NIFItS LOOK HERE! 1.1(..111NESI the subscribers desire to intb..lll farmers and public 'llolloly that they ilow !vivo on hand and are constant• inalittlaaturinz l'hroshing Nl:whines with Piorpont's (tent .Shaker, which are generally act uutvled zed to ho to best articles lIQW I n use. .%ls, a variety t.l Clover killers, Goan ShAlers and straw Cutters. They also .till,, to the rep.tiring fit Agricultural Mad) fiery in le host niduner and oil reasonable torn), 'iv on North llannover Street, directly' opposite the 'Adana() of ileorgo Metzger, Esq. A ugust S '55. A MUMS & I.CAN IC. ltruiturc. ) ()BE B. SMLLEI, CA 131 N ET Lik„, NI A KER and UNDERTAKER rrtu Hanover street, next door to dasr.'s [haul. flu would respectfully ififorin the ticens of C:u•lisle anal the public generally, that he is now on 'pad a large and ele.rantassortutent of FUR ITUIt E,consistlng In part of Wardrolats,Card and oth- • Tables, Snfas, Bureaus, Bedsteads, plain and fancy 'wing Stands, he., manufactured of the' best material rd quality wafranted. Also a general asmortiffent,,of CIIAIRS at the lowest •rlcus. Vt:Nfruor llivms.inade to order, and repairing womptly attended to. OWFINS 1114.10 at the shortest notice; and hav- Ita r a splendid hearse he will attend funerals in town or Reentry. £C Ilotinnabor tBo stand—noxt door to If.. ()Nag's It. B. SMILEY. XTENSIVE FURNITURE ItOQ3I. Ui —.TAMES R. WEAVER would - resoecfeully , call _„,;£x the attention of liouse-Iceepers and tho public to hisextenslve stock of elegant FURNITURE, V Including So s, Wardrobes, Cent re and Tables, Jressing and Plain Bureaus, and every other article la his branch of business- Also now on hand, the largest assortment of CHAIRS in Carlisle, at the lowest prices. AUFFINS made at the short est notice and a Hearse provided for funerals, lie adleits a call at his establishment, on North Han over streov, near Olasse's lintel. .triy.Furniture hired out by the month or year. 4V:: : Miti cORNER of Han over and Louther )its Cv" C RLlSLE.—Theendersign ed has always on hand a largo stock of superior Cabinet Ware, in all the different styles, which ho Is prepared to sell at the lowest prices. Ile Invites attention particu larly to the l'Amtv SPRINO BOTTOM * BEDSTEAD, a unet useful article, which entirely obviates all ohlections.— The bottom can be attached to old Bedsteads. They. have given entire satisfaction to all who have them in use. Ake COFFINS made to order at the shortestlintice. JACOB FETTER, .481vikt44)Mllt o sllistellancous, CUMBERLAND VALLEY BANK. ritormETORS. , WILLTAM K Ea, MuoitonclißF.NNEMAN, HOBERT C. STERRETT, HENRY SAXTON, RICH toll WOODS, JOAN S. STERETT, HENRI' A. STURGEON. ""-'"' This Bank, ° business in the name of KER, BRENNEMAN & CO. is unto fully prepared to dna gen eral Bauking Business with promptness find fidelity. 3l.lney received on Deposit and paid back on demand with . tit notice. Interest paid ou Special Deposits. — Partamlar attention paid to the collection of Notes. Drafts. Checks, .te. in any part of the United States or (':uvulas Remittances made to England, Ireland or the Conti nent. The faithful and confidential execution of all or ders entrusted to them, may be rolled upon. They will at all times be pleased to give any information desired in regard to money matters in general. nv_lianking Mouse in Trout's Building. Main Street, a few doors east of the Rail Road Depot. Open for busi ness from U o'clock In the morning until 1 o'clock in he eve tang. ii. A. STURUEON, Cashier. Carlisle, Sept. 19, 1855. d' .. l AS FITTING AND PL UM B ° • * N..A INU.—The ned would inform the A N citizens of Carlisle that he has made arrange intuits todo UAS ITIVINO and PLUMBING at short no tlee, and on reasonable terms...Pe has engaged the ser vices of a first rate hand from Philadelphia, and Pits sup plied himself with an extensh e assortment of FIXT URES, which will unable him to fill all orders promptly. All work will be warranted. Ilisistock (if Gas Fixtures will be found in the room exactly opposite his Thllling establishment on North Hanover street, whore he invites a call. TINNING, SPOUTING, Ax.—lle Is also prepared to furnish, or make to order, every article of TIN WARE used by housekeepers and others. Ile will also attend to SPOU'll'sltl, HOUSE-ROOFING, BELL HANGING, :Lod PLUMBING. . . Thankful , 'for the patronage with which he has already beet] favored, he respeetfully •solicit,s a continuance of the same. Carlisle, Juno 14. '54 LIA1)1)LE AND lIARNESS !Nil. The subscriber continues to carry on the above business. in ail its various branches, in North flan over street,,,) 'arlisla. two doors North of Leonard's corner where he intends keeping on hand a general assortment in his line. consisting of all hinds of rasilional.le SAD DLES. Ilridles, Niartinvales, rlreingles and Ilal ters, ti,- Tit traveling and saddle ,771 - s-i - T - ') bags. Ile also man- • V. 4• s•. 11 \4t ),\\\ , l l l . •• . • a l ' lui t : i l ' . • N , It IN el l t. , 4'lll and so, 010111. Ile ra 11.1,0 manurart ores Ilarne , s. I ',alarm nod NN hips in all their ;trio des. anti confidently believe, front the general approin. tion of his customers, that he makes the neatest and best zears, in all their Variety of 10re,11.11. that is made ill the r . a(tintry. Ile also makes all kinds of Nlatra , ses to order. vie: Straw. Husk, I'lll-1(.11 Ilalr and Sill iii:r•Olat.- rasses. All the above articles will be made of the hest material and workmanship, allOwith the utmost des patch. IVNI. OSBORN. ...., .., c. ,..1. 41 „ ,, ,. 7 ill A. . : ::.ru.f . T : t. 4 ,-, % i N . ... ~.;) ) • - 's ' '' ~:',ife,?;42); . •k• -,l l \ tror 1 i vi•*--, ----"Th A Tri N T SELF-riAP, II ENING Y A Nit.I.IIM II ED Cu rr E its. in an u tn. t ..—A for /Dit IC Er &.14 A lin ENT, No. .110 Market Aa rr, Ph Hada 3 This cutter is superior to any now in use, for strength durability, and simplidty of construction; it cuts fast er, and is the only self-sharpening Hay. Straw and Corn Stalk Cutter ever made. It has but. ONE STit A MIFF kNI Ph:. which any person can Lrinil and set with ease. but in ordinary case, is ground in the machine. Thou. sAinis have already been sold, and the demand Is daily illerl,l4lll. In Most cases an examination is sunleient to eoue hive one if is superimit3. No one after a short trial would part with It for any other. All Wes of the abuse constantly on hand and for sal() by J. P. LYN 1.1, Solo A uen t for Cumberland county ME 3nEiurancr. ARLI :7; AGENCY, Fort INDEMNIFY AiiAINST LOSS BY FIRE. THE FRANKLIN FIRE INSURANCE COIL, oF 1•1111.11 , EIA . 111A. Charter Perpetual.--i,lon,i)oo Capital paid In. Office Chesnut Ntreet6 \ftxr: IN Ult t]c6. eitherpornrtnont or limited, against 10 , 54 or tittolatte by tire. on 1 . 111/19:1LTY 111111 EV rF.CTS of de.eription, in barn 01 l'oll,llt rY . 11 n tiw 1119 St reasonable terms. .I.pplientions tomtit either persouttlly or by letter, ill r lteltroutptly attended te. C. N. 11..iNCKElt, Pres'r. The subscriber Is rigent for the ahoto company for Carlisle and its vicinity. All application's Mr insurance either by mail or personally will be promptly attended A. L. SPONSLEIL Riad Estate Agent and Scriveber to by dcc. I'2, '55 FIRE INSURANCE. -TILE ALLEN AND EAST PENNSHORO MUTUAL FIRE IN SUANCE COMPANY of Cumberland county, incorPo rated by an act of Assembly, is now (ally organized, and In operation under the management of the following commissioners. viz: Daniel 6silev, IVllliato It. Gorges, Coeklin, Mefehoir Brenneman. Christian Sin) loan, John C. Dun lap, Jacob 11. ('never, Lewis Ilyer. Henry Logan. Ilenjao mitt 11. Musser, Jacob Mumma, Joseph 'Wickersham, Alexander Cathcart. Tho rates of insurance are as low and favorable UM any Company of the kind in Alin State. Persons wishing to beemno members are ❑Mined to make application to the agents of the conipany, who are wlll4lg, to wait upon them at any time. BENJ. 11. 1510SSER, President. HENRY LOGAN, Vice President. LEWIS lIYEIt, Secretary. MICHAEL COCELIN, Treasurer. All ENI S CUMBERLAND COUNTY.—Rudolph Martin, N. Cum berland; C. B. Itorman, iiittstown; Henry Zearing, Shiremanstown ; Clfarles 8011, Carlisle ; Dr. J. Ahl, Churehtown ; Samuel Graham, West Pennsboroutch ; James Me Dowel, Frankton!: Mode Griffith, South Mid dleton; Samuel Conver, Benjamin Dover:dick, Meehan-. ieshurg ; John Sherrick, Lisburn; David Coover, Shop herdstown. YORK COUNTY.—John Bowman, Duisburg; Peter NVolfnal, Franklin; John Smith. Esq. Wits! 1 1 11 60°11; W. S. Picking% Dover; J. W. Craft, Paradise. ILUtltlSlllJltU.—llouvcr . t Lochman. Members of tho company having' policies about to ox- Ore con have thorn renewed by malting application to any of tho agetnn. .. WOOD'S ORNAMENTAL IRON WORES—Rithte Avenue, PHILAD'A. • The attention of the public le invited to the extensive manufactory and wars-room of the subscriber, who is prepared to furnish, nt the shortest notico, IRON ItAIG INO of every description for CEMETERIES, PUBLIC k, PRIVATE BUILDINGS. also VERANDAHS. BALCON IES, FOUNTAINS, SETTENIS, CHAIRS, LIONS, BOOS, &c., and other Ornamental Iron Work of a decorative character. all of which Is exemted with the oxpress 'Wow of pleasing the taste, while they combine nll the requisites of beauty and substantial construction. Purchasers may rely on having all articles carefully bowl and shlpded to their place of A honk of designs will bd sent to those who wish to mako a selection. • ROBERT WOOD. Ridge Avenue below Spring Unr,ilen St, Phila, Oct, 10,'55. "T AIt.IIn;ASOCIATION, To all person:4 afflicted with NexEal diseases, u SESIIN A IJ,WEAKNESS. IMPOTE ACE, C0N0.111t11.., OLEET, SY PIII LIS, de., Thu 110WAR1I. ASSOCIATION of Philadelphia, 1n•• view of the awful destruction of human life and heal ti ceutsnd by Sexual diseases. find the deceptions which at. practised upon the untidd ulnae victims of such ilivenst.- by quacks, have directed their consulting F‘irgeon, an a CII A ICITMI,LE ACl' worthy of their name, to szive,, NIEDICAWADVICE ODATIS, to all persons thus af flicted, (Mt le or Fe ma lej who apply by letter, (post•paid,) with a description of their condition, (age. occupation, habits bi life, &c.. 1 and in extreme poverty and sulfuring to EERNISII MEDICINES FREE OF CHARGE. The Howard ANS6,l:ttion is a lainevolen'tAinstittition, est:dill:died by spneial endowment, for the millet of the sick and distressed, afflicted with " Virulent and hip!. dim& diseases," and Its funds eau be used fur no oilier purpose. It has now a surplus of means, abich the Directors have voted to advertise the above notice. It is needless to add that the Association ,commands the highest Medical AID of the age. Address. (post-paid.) Dr. t 1 EO. It. CALHOUN, Consult ing S'orgeon, Howard Am.:Mutton Philadelphia, Pit. By order of the Directors, EZRA D. IIEARTIV ELL, President, april 11. OEO. PARECHILD, Secretary. W 3 • ) ( i ) . .1, I, i tor k B. r D ebe Preen 1 ?min Guwnm<•r Artiste y i n tillta. ug 1 r W g :nal Elastic Band Toupees. Instructions to enable Indies and Gentlemen to measure their heads with ac. curer). . . .. . Fon inches.—No. 1. The round of the head; No. 2. From forehead over the head to the neck; No. From ear to ear over the tor; No. 4. From ear to ear round the forehead. Toupees and scalps. inches.—No. I. From forehead to Lark as far as laid; No. 2. I Iver as far :is regttir ed.: No. t. ftver the croa n of the brad. IL :DOLLARD has iilways ready for