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CI
~I
El
BtA: I "TY Rivprietor.
3aPiau af, .35,uu. *O4
BENTON'S THIRTY YEARS' VIEW'
The first volume of Col. Benton'ework, des
cribing his experiences and obiervatioris 'dur
;rig'n, period 'of thirty years in the United
States Senate, has been published by Messrs.
Appleton Sr. Co., of New York.' It is a very
elegant largo octavo 'volume. The editor of
the Now York Evening Pose, who has exam
ined it thoroughly,,-speaks of it as follows:
This, we believe, is the first American book
writtenliy a' native of a slave state which can
snake any pretension to a permanent place in
the liteimture Of our country. Jefferson's ge
nies, culture and experience, qualified him to
write'for posterity, but he was content with
working for them and writing for his contem
poraries. The "Netes"on Virginia," his most
eormitlerable literary perfortnnnce, though em
bellished with passages of rare literary merit,
and displaying powers of description, of reas
oning and of statement of the first order, were
• never designed as any thing more tlintea de
sultory compilation of facts and figures about
his native state add country, thrown together
not so much for the instruction of his own '
countryinen as to dispel a portion of the pro
founder ignorance of Europeans in relation to
Atom-icon affairs. The book was out of print
before its illustrious Malloy died, an.ris now
rarely to be found except in old libraries and
auction rooms.
Marshall's Life of Washington, which is the ,
most voluminous work yet written by an Amer.
lean slave holder, is no longer rend. If it
hears any traces of its author's uncommon
power of inind, - it is iii the depths of dulness
which he explored, and the rigor with which
he has excluded every feature of interest which
---Dlight-be:reanonably_lobkal-for- im_the_life_o
Washington front the pen of one of his most in
timate aint eminent friends. As one' of the
earliest biographies of one of the most remark
able of meth Marshall's book may_ con tinticto
occupy a place upon the shelves:of o ur p u bli c
libraries, until the edition now in print is worn
out. If it' is ever reprinted, it will not be out
of coniplmient to any permanent literary or
historical merit which the Work possesses.
Edivard Livingston's Criminal Jurisprudence
was 'prepared for andpartly at the expense of
a slave state, but tic was a native of New York,
and had achieved his full mental stature long
before lnibecame a citizen oflottisiana or was
known to the country as an author.
Calhoun's "Essay en Government" has fall
en dead from the press, and line entirely failed
to attiact any attention beyond the political
circle of Which, during his life, he was the
centre WO Cannot learn front the European
press that a single copy has.ever been read on
the other side of the Atlantic. Though the
work possesses many traces of its author's pe
culiartalent, and may be read hereafter-by
the diligent student of political' science who is
ambitious of leaving' nothing upon the subject
unread, it has no more title to a permanent
place in the literature-of the country than
Brougham's Political Philosophy or Sidney's
Discourses have to a permanent place in the
literature of Great Britian.
Legare was a laborious student, an accomp
lished linguist and a tolerably successful essay
ist; but both he and his writings are already
forgotten, ,though he is scarce ten - years dead.
The Made states have produced many other
writers who hove won the temporary adtnira
thou of their countrymen as biographers, poets,
novelists and essayists, but we cannot name
one whose writings have any chance of being
read fifty years hence, except, perhaps, from a
curiosity like that which induces people some
times to preserve the furniture and domestic
utensils of' their ancestors, to mark the prog
ress which the world has made in civilization
since they departed.
The sieve States of America have exhibited
great talents•in the field, in the fortnri anti 'in
the' council chamber; but in authorship they'
can hardly be said to have added anything to
the fame of their country. Thomas Hart Ben
ton, a•native of a slave State, and all his life
a citizen of, a Ave State, has proved the'first
exception ; for by pretty nearly the unanimous
adjudication of all parties and classes of °his
countrymen, ho has produced a work which
, possesses-a literary power and vitality quite ,
independent of the historical value which nec
essarily attaches to the recorded experience of
one who was for thirty of the most eventful
years of our political history, a leading mem
ber of the U. .5. Senate; "in confidence of
half the administration, and a close observer of
the others.," '. •., . .
The liteary execution Ofthis work; the' site
plieity of its style, and the unexceptional taste
which tempers all its author's allusions to his
contemporaries, have been the subject of uni
versal admiration. The well-known fearless•
ness of his character—his fiery 'energy—his
contempt fdr till indirect methods of accomp
lishing_his ends'—his temptation to embrace
theippoitnnity which this work afforded him,
of taking complete vengeance upon the numer
ous political enemies lie made during his lon
and active public lite . ; alliliese eircumstang
see naturally'orented •sotim apprehension , lest
the, ,writer's retrospect ' of-his, senatorial life
should be 801116W101.t 1118temper61.1)Y . its eon.
temPeraneous partialities, animosities; and
prejudices. ,
..
The appearance of the book' half diSpolled
this•apprehensien ; and though its merits have
been. ery generally and quite elaborately dis
cussed by the. press !luring, the, brief, two
months that it lies been' lMfdre the public, its
feel:kin from thoso.defeCts ;which would man
rally', be looked for in a work written by a
statesman.; about the politiMil controversies in
which he hiniself took aft active part, haS been •
universally- recognized and- almost.uniformly -
commended.' , ' -•
Our' generalestimOtion of' this!work is nV
readrfamiliar 'to', our, readers, • It . was our '
privilege .to publis!' Nolliminoils extracts from
it Wthe columns of the, Bernina Post during !
thd year preceeding its tiPpertrance in el:vet- '
nate, 'and we then' stated tlaitavorable impres •
sions.which ti' aubseqUent and . mere complete
perusal
.of the work has confirmed, „ . . , ,
The "Thirty Years' View,',' like the Thirty,
Yeas' War of Tinidyiliaes, hes One element of '
imirMrtsility, . of which it 'Monet be deprived.
It 41 . 111)&11es an eiperienee'Whicli no perion oii
otipt the whiter iinjoyed.•! Rad 13enten died ho. :1
fore commencing this worst,.' Nivolll .haxe ~
boon impossible for, the loss to' eve b on re.
paired. ' . , • : . ,
Ithelikorrise' the 'beat haailboolc of praptionl i
demonracy.te be, found id print.. It embraces .
n survey of our politicol ; history ,: durinwtho,
settlement o f the Most important issuesinvol
ved in the greet, problem of populgi sover
eignty in'America. - • •• •••.".•''• • ‘••• V I !-. . ~ : -:C
It was - during his'. thirty.. years' senatorship:
that theAiyoree of hank and Mole wan ancemp ,
isheti,.!esulting,in ,the establishment:,or the ,
;.:irrupting' alliance betimoryt to Lien 8 0 IL
kV thrifrad 'of a Vargo margin reventiC.' , '•' , '
'lt was diming 'filename period that- our* . ov4 :,
ernment auccessfullycontested , thpright.eNlar..,.
tid by foreign. nations-to impress American ••
seamen." l: „:i.,..,, ~,.,; • ~. ~I,• ~•. ~ •, • f; :1 , .. ,1 -
'lt was during the same•peried that Congress '
abandoned , 'abet "Melodeon Velma. and. ell :
ireteative tarlffs, , eximpt asincidontal to rev-1 .:
roue.
.• . •i.': , ‘;,,'.:,..
It - wah daring the immo.period that thotlem'
mratia;piirty4OokAts... stand:against all inter .
l'alimprotrettionts, hy..titngenorat government, •,
, imopt.for , notlenal.ebjects,-xlvers.of national
haraeter; and horboOyleldhig•rOrontio.,.. - : • 1 , •
It was during the dame period, thati . tilai.
iglits ,' s r all'eltides of,tho Mesa at Represonta.
idol, in - relation OLtreatieti, , ,Weo , defined,
ightS,and, duties, which;, wo.l.ogret ,tet,iimy s , ,
ave ,beenlnost.wantodly.outroged nipea.,., J 4 ,
It, waS•during the some - period that the iire.
, nailed right of a state, .or conibination. efp.'
30.tucTil3tr,------10eutiftir ta agritilifurt, etnerni snltattritin.
. .
.
THERE' ARE TWO THINGS, g ATTIE LORD BACON, WHICH MAKE A, NATION . GREAT . AND, PROSPEROUS—A FERTILE SOIL AND WORKSHOPS;-TO. WHICH LET ME ADD KNOWLEDGE AND FREEDOM.-4Bilho Hall
. .
Mates, to secede front the URion received its
quietus.
ft wits during the same period that the dem
ocratic party planted itself in distinct opposi•
tion to the agitation, abolition or extension of
slavery by the federal government, Is policy
front which the present administration has
likewise seen fit to depart, regardless alike of
its own and the public faith.
The adoption of a policy for the payment of
the national debt by a corresponding mint=
tion of the public taxes, and the establishment
of a sound currency upon a basis of unfluctun
ting and ascertained value, to the exclusion of
irresponsible and fraudulent paper money,
were also the offspring of the thirty years' legis
lotion in which, as n Senator, Mr. Benton par•
ticipated. Upon all these questions be took
a leading part, and uniformly advocated the
policy which wv ultimately sustained by the
country. 'ln no other place can be' found so
full and compact a statement of all the great
principles of public policy with which the dem•
°oracle party has been identified since the
election of President Jackson ; and hereafter
it will he convenient to turn to those pages to
see how fur the party professity; to be demo•
erotic has departed froth those great principles
here so distinctly and sothetinies so clemently
enunciated.
The extraordinary popularity of this work,
which has, thus far, exceeded thatorany work
of its cost, in this or any other country, has
not surprised us. We have for years been in
the habit of remarking the wonderful eager
ness with which the least word that fails from
Mr. Benton's lips or pen are caught up by the
' press and the public. Ills most casual remark
upon public affairs if it finds its way into is
newspaper, is sure of being quoted from ono
end of the emntry to the other,
We doubtif there is another nine in the na
tion whose speeches and writings, whether
brief or elaborate, 'whether upon private or u
pen public affairs, are sure of so large and so
_ ctlgor_abody of_renders—Part_of_this_interes
springs undoubtedly, from the prominent-po
litical position which lie lion always occupied,
pert from his strongly defined individuality,
but chielly_from the certainty that
_whatever
he writes or speaks will bear the impress of
his athletic intellect and hbroie character.
putrti
From tho Philadelphia ,North American
LOVE AND MARRIAGE•
A DACILELOR'S GROWL
When lovers are wooing and cooing,
Pursuing some woman for wife, -
Nought is thought of the storm that is brewing
To bring cloudy weather for life:
But.those who have gathered the flowers
From the footfall of Cupid that spring,
Know there grow in Ilymenial bowers,
Thorns, nettle and briars that sting.
He swears never wooer woe truer;
She vows she allows not a beau
To be near, or appear as aught to ber,
Save one that she slightly may know;
But those who are by when they sigh,
Awl such little perjuries make,
Can't conceive how these lovers can Bo—
linder such heavy mists of mistulV.
Their style of exclusive devotion
Is all very 'well in its way:'•K,
But tins very unsociable notion
They find, after naringe, "don't pay."
"My darling," will last for a while;
Por a while bo at intervals kissed ;
But thou.h parted by many a smile,
'Tis rarely that Madame is Miss—ed.
Thia."paying addresses" possesses
A charm, no each lover allows;
But repeatedly pnying for dresses
Must. f llow Ilymeneal vows.
Thotigh Cupid the office conceals
That each hapless sufferer fills,
Yet hymen, more honest, , reveals
His duty of "paying up'•'
Tba Paradise promisca by Cupid.
With cherubs as•guardian sprites,
Is rendereilvernarkibly stupid
To those if ha..rntsleep there o'nights
These cherubs must all of them eat,
Though the fact Is a lover beneath,
And his "heaven below" is..replete
With wailing and cutting of teeth.
But a lover will nevor. discover
A fault in iliO . 'ortohO'vaiuld Wed;
Brordhis dreams never seems to recover
Till hie lamb to the niter is led.
His idol then . proves an ideal;
Still worship he possibly can;
Yet, though ho may love what is real,
You'll allow he's en alter—ed
COST OF TILE MAMMOTH CAVE.
Col. Colgan, to whose family it belongs, was
a resident of Louisville. lle went to Europe,
some twenty years ago; and, as an American,'
found himself frequently. questioned of the
wonders of the Mammoth Care-La• place be
bad never visited, and which, at home, though
living within ninety-miles of it, IM had heard
very ltttle. lie went there„ on his return, and
the idea struck him to purchase and make it a
family inheritance. In fifteen minutes bar•
gaining lie. bought it, for *3lomo—though
shortly after he .was offered $lOO,OOO for his
purchase. In his will lie tied it up in such a
way, that it must remain in his family for two
gon'erations, thus appending its. celebrity to
:his name. Thereare 1000 flares in the estate
-.--though the cave probably runs under the
property of a great number of other land own•
ers: • For, fear of those who miglit'dig down
and establish an: entrance to the cave on their
own property. la •man's•fartn 'extending up to
the ratite 'and -cloth' to the nadir,) great vigi
lance is exercised to:preventsuchsubterranean
surveyd and measurements as would enable
'thetrito sink a•shaft with any: certainty. 'The
Cave extends ten or twelve miles iti.several di
rections, and hero is prohably many a back
woodtnan 'sitthi„d hi his lititivilhin tot miles of
tileCrive quite Utidotiscioffi that the most fash• •
;ionahfolailica Ind gentlemen of, Europe aiul •
' Atii€ l (Cfs, Walkitif without leave ,under life
:corn
111Anir..—" I Wall in 'octet!
paettki oilier W i ght: a Phr'nber of Youhg fa.
dies beftip:Oreatint,"iihetia
,y'Lutig man prOPQ
,eed ceitiltidtiltn;''riitich".he 'said' he llad reati
Hn the papers. it vas - this, 0 471;en is "a lady
necit'lrd r y t' 1 " T l Warit. 74% 1 4 4 , tiao. tbi4e it
uPYti'afd alfiireend, whe'litti the ilOrrer
11 , 1141S'Orirtiige hit r eriltktkointrnod, *llOn idie''s
a little buggy,' Neledy laughed—staieVrit
detours, cone hidignnnt, se t ae deubt
inetiP°4
He rule 91sappointed. Ferclning la hie poolcqt
tie Tulle l out 11!,nt.r,'
Pg'}' ° "'
14clifP4 TOP, PisP 4l '9.- 11 ,P !`. n s!"': (477
eon M99' sulk/ /7; 1 ,, /99 . "'J ?t,
some sort of a carriage.' "
It tioomi tio,iadoxtoeit; butnOvortheless truo, I
tiiikihtiUteiii"ti`iiillifiacite'lliviti;4"iielliVi of
the earllopt now&
MattVri of grauel.
A •PEDMISTEIAN EXIDURSION
THREE DAYS IN WYOMING
'SVILICE3RARItI:, July 27.
"Delightful Wyoming! Beneoth thy skies
The happy shepherd swains' had nought to do
But feed tbeir'tloe.ks on grebe declivities,
Or skim perchance thy lake with light canoe.
Prom morn till evening's sweeter pastime grew
With timbre!, when beneath the f..rests
Thy lovely maidens would the dance renew ;
And nye; those sunny mountains half way down
Would echo Bagelpt from some romantic town."
II Pass over 'the incidents of our
. trip from
Berwick to Wilkesbarre, although not the feast
interesting part of out'journey, in order to
give a rapid sketch ofour entrance and stay in
the beautiful rind "classic Valley of Wyoming.
The distance from the former to the latter
place was easily passed over in a clay—being
only twentv-eighi miles. On arriving at Wilkes
barre,, we were so furtutnite as to find our way
to the capacious hotel of Mr. Steel, near the
centre of the town, and situated in the immedi
ate vicinity of the old Court House; the place
where every traveller should find his lodging,
Who wishes to experience kind and gentleman
ly treatment, and to learn sonlething of the
history and scenic; beauty Of the surrounding
country. No sooner had we ecovered a little
from the fatigues of the day and partalcen of a
bountiful repast, than our liberal-minded host
enquired the character of our mission to the
valley ; and ou learning the object of our visit.
heAmmediately , oonducted-us - to - it'handsorrox'
library in a retired part of the building, and
furnished us with the necessary information
in reference_tethe condition and early history
of the Valley. Early on the morning of tho
25th be invited us to ascend to the roof of his
large and magnificent hotel, which rises so far
above the surrounding buildings as to enable
the spectator to take an expanded view of the
contiguous country: Ilero'sve first obtained a.,
glimpse of the amplitude and symmetrical
beauty of "TUN LAMM PLAINS."
Wilkesbarre is sittated on a slight elevation,
near the' east bank of the Susquehanna, almost
in the centre of the valley. At present the
canal rims on the eastern side of -the town, so
that the town is almost wholly included be
I tweeu the river sad Cl l / 2 11]. The township of
Wilkesbarro . was siirveyed in 1770, by David .
Mende, and received its name from John Wilkes
and Col. Barre, two members of Parliament,
distinguished as advocates of liberty and the
rights of the colonies. The town at present
has a population of about five thousand, and
presents to ,the visitor the asta'a. of a business
active place. The enterprise of the place Inisi
however, suffered much for the want of com
munication by rail-road with ether parts, of the
country, especially the eastern cities. This
barrier to its progress will soon be removed by
the completion of a roil road which: will con
nect it immediately with thO'great emporium
of Arberican trade. With such an outlet for
the immense mineral resources that lie buried
in its vicinity, 1 know no reason why Wilkes
barre may not becomii inn few years one of thy
most flourishing ondi wealthy inland towns in
the State. Its situation is in every respect
advantageous, In the midst of a valley cele
brated since the earliest history-of our coun
try for its beauty and fertility„ enjoys as
healthful a climate as,clitlbe found any where
from Maine to Georgia. For a.Aiummer resi
dence I know no spot more to he desird.--
Though once the battle ground of fierce and
bloodthirsty warriors it is now peaceful and
quiet, and
—"it's atmosphere
Blows sweetly with its gentle breath of balm."
flere, too, in its vicinity are the scenes which :
witnessed the patrioffc deVolioti'of Our honored
snot store. Cresids of ilea:vitro
,seekers front
the eastern Slates and our great Atlantic cit
ies would find here classia.ground on which to
spend in delightful recreations the season when
the burning 'sun end the fetid atmosphere of
cities : rende'rs a life there intolerabib. But
IVilltesbarre is not by any means t ho only place
in Wyoming the. traveler 'desires tto sec., At
five o'clock l 6 the evening we prepared to visit
"Proa , psct Bock," on the eastern mountain,
near the turnpike road, and about three miles.
distant from the town. One-half hour's brisk
walking brought us to the foot of the mono
..
fain the ascent of which isi gradual, and foi
the most part shaded by the lofty boughs of
forest trees, which reach forth their !trills to
protect the traveller ft.( m tho suit's scorching
rays. Soon we reached the destined spot.
"Prospect Rook" is riot a singlo rock of
enormous size, as we are led flt first to suppose._
from itsmamo, but,is mitre the iieojeotion of '
ledge of rooks üb . leb' - commeneo for soma
diatom.° alcing the mountain Bide to' rise above
the surface, and finally• upon tho.eunnit of a
ridge,' noquires'euch ri heiglith its to peer far
nbov; all surrounding Objeettit and to give to
the observer 'tvlio hoe a cendod its edam% a
commanding , vieiv•of the 'whole valloY below.
It ie in the,midetOf n donee wobile,Janci at the
distance of only two.liundredinices from it, is
a gargling fountain of. the purest water where
the pedestrian may 61.,k0 his' tiiirsf before he.
takes hipetaini on this lioldprominonoo, : The
viorr from this point,. to Coy the leitat.of U, % ,is
magnificent
,beyond tforoription, The whole
valley fee t‘yon ty in lengty • awl:tiro in
bremith is compasue 4 d,by l aciagle.olforf of the,
sense. Austen front Otis rook,, the.,Nralloy leap
ellipse, of. groat, t rooentriolty, the \ observor
oupyipg, ri..peeitjpn„at. the castorn,encl, of .the. ,
conjupto ,o . le,.arbile, the ,rivor ; actors, and
two roles of,tho,trene...
verse axle. At first the multiplicity of ob.losits .: ,
were too great -to be graeped.at omM in ; ctail.
AMitiC eel grent'ilCinplOxitylloriie enabled td
fix' fOr
terVn'Offort Of WTU)y mcirctUltirtheriskiffaildv•st s
ted-itielf red - titiclT'aufs'
enabled to 'gain Only 'Moro fetiOod
at klic e'atnel.tinie a riito'roi eritioaliVievr
,boautifnlly variegated
mop gt, my fort., 4ietanoe of ten miles.
above; the enirnnoe of the Btoin . fiOfinn'ilit. Info ,
I nf.:right ;
immeP~d ergo±n lliincn?rife‘ . l . n,
seen, of
Idri - Piiibuti - 44.eAvoiP41 , ''' , ) fit 'd itoOit l
to risti 7 '.iii` t 'itqs'a§ b itUd'il' , n i nfi'diii'iltidi46ll4 l
sorobre.wools, nfhlish clothe. In robes. , of dark-
_) • 5
CARIASLE, PA., WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 16, 1854.
ening greeh the less aspiring hill tops.
I never can look Upon such a work of ne
as this without experiencing a feeling of awe
and reverence fdr the omnipotence of that
Being under whose direction the solid recite
are made to yield to the attrition of :Waters,
and by whose power mountain barriers, com
posed of everlasting granite,, are hrolteu down
to afford a passage for the proud waters of
some impetuous stream—that Power, too, who
said thus fat. shalt thou come and no farther,
—"who commanded and the silencoaame—
Bore let the billows stiffen and have rest."
Turning our eyes toward the southwest, at
about the same distance we could see a like
depressions in the mountains, thiough which
the blue Susquehanna makes' its exit after
winding for twenty miles 0111110, rich mood
ows and corn fields, groves of elm and syca
more, with here and there upon its banks an
ancient willow cooping to quench its thirst
from the pure waters which move gayly along
beneath its boughs, The river is not visible
in its whole course through the valley ; occa
sionally it steals away to the foot of the dis
tant mountain, is lost amidst gedtly rising
hills and shady groves; again, as if with new
life and beauty, it springs from its hiding
place, leaps gayly along through cultivated
fields and rich scenes of rural beauty. The
whole valley is hi a high state of cultivation.
Farm helms of elegant appearance seem scat
tered at random all over the face of the coun
try, surrounded by deep meadows, golden I
wheat lid fs, waving corn and fruitful or
chards, "while hero and there a huge shell
-hark-yields - its - summer - shade - to---tlie-Nveary
laborer, and its autumn fruit to the black and
gray sqiiirrel or the rival plough boy." fields
hearing, luxuriant craps, and laid out.with
most the regularity and precision of parks,
(Wend nearly to the summit of the opposite
mountains, interspersed with reaches at woods
which drop ileum the mountain side to the very
river's edge.
Hero for the first time in, my life, I felt the
full force of - Upham's remarks on "Associated
Beauty." True, I stood not on the "Rock of
Plymouth, with ' , the spirit of great achieve.
mente • hovering around me," "spreading itself
over the hard features of the soil, illuminating
the bleakness of the sky, and harmonizing
what would be otherwise rugged and forbid-,
ding into a semi of douching lovliness and
beauty." Nor did I look upon tbe'city of the
seven - hilld, once the mistress of the world,
'the ancient dwelling place of Brutus, of Cicero,
and of the Cuesars ; ';peopling the imagination
with whatevdr was noble in the character and
remarkable in the achievements of that extra
ordinary nation." Nor yet, did I valk the
long drawn 'aisles of -- Westadnistei : l Abbey,
climb to rho stuntnit of mount Carmel, pause
at the grave of Tell. or weep over the tomb of
my own Washington —I did none of these
things, yet I felt
- "the charms historic scones impart."
1 thought of the days when Afeughwentreme
was an Indian pared se—when , •the quail
whistled in its meadows ; the pheasant rust
led-in its leafy covert; the wild duck reared
her brood and bent the read itt every inlet, the
red deer feed upon the hills," while in the
adjacent mountain forests, the stately elk, on
the approach of the hunter, throw aloft his
antlers and dashed riway into some done woods
or unfrequented recess.
I thought, too, of the strange and mysteri
ous fete of the "Six Nations," the bold and
valient Mohawk, the patient Oneidn'itn, the
active and industrious Seneca n, the friendly
and generous C iyegan, the wise, the just, and
the eloquent Onondagon, and lastly the proud
and warlike Tuicalbinn; eoiffederated with the
former in deeds ofhhivalry.
There, too, a little to my right, in the midst
of the valley, lay the grenade on wide' my
forefathers had poured out their 'blood in tor
rents to water that tree of liberty, under whose
widely spreading boughs and refreshing shade
I now sit so securely, in the full enjoyment of
all the blessings which liberal institutions,
tolerant laws and a merciful government can
confer. I called,- to my _recollection the ac
count which I had just been reading of the
bloody tragedy of July 3d 17,78, and then for
a moment passed in review before my mind;
the toils, and hardships, and privations„ and
sufferings, and deaths which our aged fathers,
helpless mothers and their innocent children
were called upon to endure in tilos° days of
peril and woo, and then I looked, again and
over tbeir, smouldering remaiesll saw the
gronitii heap which has boon reared : by their
gratefef descendants to commemorate 60 4',
works of heroism and l . 4 ootip devntlen—an
incitement to all coming generation to thoper,
' fertnance,. of noble and magnanitnous dieds.
This, said 1, is as, it should' be. Thero,doo,
just before us, {VW. the spot whore-the : 3erce
anti glinstly looking fiend of the forest, hat!
s'hatelied from the bosom eta, weeping pal
effeetlettate mother her darling child—threw
it around his ,brawny shottiders-,plueged , it•
to the : depths 9r the forest,--anil,with his; onp7,
five pt.*, was, never hearil 9f more ; until
the frosts of, sixty winters, had readttred tvhito
as the fleecy, snow, this dark tresses.that one? ,
floated io grneernili upon: the shoulders of
littlo Francis Slodum. Seared) the pages of
history, thonght'T, traverse the whole , retnott
of fic:tion, 1'1114'114 the . peetri of al:I 'ages, hnii
hgain;Pass'io review' the
thins of six thousand Years, and then tell me
thOttbeieft flithetc , thou 'disedniolet'e inetheV,'
thaii ! ii4iiling' brother, thou WeePith i gOiSter,''
if ever thy: heart has been touch i4i . vy a more
pltippe,title limit that of rrnugie,S)ee s n ` .
;.. .f.
_Here, toe:salt-1 I; wee theitonto of Gertrudet ,
-there , ii , entl•fortle to battle :nobleiWalde. ' I
gsqi!e i tliere Le,felli.,nll,enyoped,yiqyvpin , el ?
o.e Alfred,-,end.thero,upen,bio be. '
:sow lies bledding"Ctertrtido..-•-1 i• 111.. V
~S ny, buret thoy, borrowed-from her father's
r.
Thetisaro e—G • 0. 0 0 is sr,
' 9:1)111 1 141 . 0'
: 1064 tittlY
14 , &ii'grdoii6; - of the boitti4iful vvliVlo 't
lii , l.,m"tli e tri'Ci'd4ilPie;‘"Sivqii,;ll
ale'onf ifte'
1314
it, l 4fts•At'itaB;644
pleasure,--lt was'the ennoble° which'
I rern'erabered 11mi - there bail been an eta of
all these things,—that the storm had passe.,
by and a sweet.colorness had settled over the
land—that though yonder beauliful river was,
crimsoned with the gore Of murdered fathers
and outraged mothers, the peaceful rains of
many winters had long since washed out the
purple tlye,—tbat, though yonder plain had
once been whitened with the blanching' boneS'
of my brave,' but fallen countrymen," these bad
long since. been collected to a peaceful resting
place, near the tombs of their kinsmen.; where
the tomahawk and the scalping knife are now
rusting side by side with the. plough and the
anvil—that though the scenes
"Where Gertrude thought it ecstacy to rove"
were for a season darkned by the genius of
misfortune that seemed to hover over the land,
the spirit of those bloody days had long since
taken its flight from this modern "'Tempe,"
and yearly does " the hymenean moon" sway
a paradise of hearts as sacred ns
,that she
poured her eat voluptuous._ray" upon; when
the solemn Vow was first taken.
" That come what may, while life's glad pulses
roll.
Indissolubly thus should soul be ltnit.to soul."
• We had made our visit to this place in the
evening, in order tr witness if possible, a Wyo
ming sunset from this high point of, observa
tion. In this,•however, we were disappointed.
At the very moment, when hovering over the
emerald draped summit of the distant moun
tain, the poiver of refrabtion began to be Man
ifest in the expanding disk of the crimson sun,
a dark and ominous thunder cloud began to
be visible in the far south-west. Gradually
-unfolding-its-surface - as - it-approached - the- me ,
ridion, it soonseattered blackness through tee
whole western sky, while the electrical fires
which blitzed fearfully. through this floating sea
of dark waters, by their superior brilliancy,
hid almost entirely from our view the few
crimson lines which o tactsionally slik up to the
zenith, then diffusing themselves through all
the heavens, softened the more terrific gran
deur which was displayed in the contending
elements of the storm-cloud.
The hour was now late. We de tended from
the mountain. I bode adiew to" Prospect Rock;"
but never did I leave ft spot mere deeply affect=
eel by a sense of gratitude to Item, who,in his
all wise providence, has rescued front the hand
of cruelty and barbarism, this field of beauty,
and restored to it its primitive penes and tran
quility, malting it, •iirdeed, to blosscim as the
rose. And then I repeated again—truly, Cal
liope need not be tasked to discover far beyond
the confines of our own happy land, a spot
whereon to congregate her patriots, her worri
ers and her heroes, in the deadly conflict • of
•arms Surely we need net long ftir a captur
ed Relen, a wandering (Tiene, a rediscovery of
India, a crusade to the Rely Land, or mien a
second rebllion in heaven, when every stone
in our own country has been the seat of a
warrior, every hill-top die throne'cie a forest
prince, and every valley the battle ground of
fiercer warriors than ever strove for the mas
tery on the plain's of Troy, or shivered lanes
on the hills of Palestine.
The fol4wing day we made a visit to Har
vey's Lake, a body of fresh water, situated in
the midst of the mountains, twelve 4ilos west
of Wilkesbarrm This little lake is about four
miles long, three-quarters of a mile-broad, and
more than one htktidred feet deep. It is near
ly in the shape of t` and the longest
straight line which old be drawn through its
surface would have a direction from north-east
to south-west, The water of which it is'com
posed seems to be, supplied mainly front
springs, and escapes at the south-western part
of 'the lake, through a channel not more than
ten feet broad. The lake seems to formed
in o..tiort.of basin in the Mountain, and is stir
rounded on all sides, except the east, by Welt
grhves of pines, wh i ch come down to tho' wa
ter's edge. On the eastern side the water is
shallow near the'bank, anti becomes grattunily
I more deep as you recede from the shore. On
the i western side the water dashes against an
dbrupt and precipitous bank, and , seems to be
of
, great depth. All the way up and down the
western shore there were growing at the tea-
tee's edge beautiful cluster:4 of wild roses,
sonic of them hanging over the bank and lying,
upon the surface of the water. The lake a
bounds in fish, and is much resorted to by
fishing parties from Wilkeabarro and other
place's. At present•theire is no hole) near the
spot, and but one hbuse within a mile. We
ate our dinner under a large shade tree on the
4ltitk of the lake. A'fino pleasdre house, 1.9,,
lio..wover, in the course of erection near by,
which will accommodate more than 'a hundred
`persons. Cold'spritigs rise on all sides near
the border of ihdlnke. Boats in abundance
are fyingdn readiness. for those who'may wish
a/iitle.upon its bosom, forpleasure or for fish
ing. 3ve regaled : ourselves by arid° of leio
hours'on its placid surface, and it ;Ives With
reluctance that wo turned our footsteps tow
ards . .
Wilkesbarre, when the, turning, sun ad
monished us that it was time to peek again the
hospitality of our best.
On the morning of the 27th, at sunrise, we
visiteti, the tt Baltimore , coal mines,", situated
one mile and a, half, cart et Wilicesbarre.—
,
Ilaving.tlescended a perpendicular,shaft 001110
three hundred and fifty feet, we met a boil.
Xontal opening in the hill-Ado which seemed
to lead nearly 'due east. Hero , we' wore at
once surrtitintled on all sides by' Walls' dr solid
cosh Tho'thine averages in brendthlrem.ten
ito fle.teen yards, and in height from fifteen to
twenty feet, 'rind In , Some places, -much more.
We folloWed our guide through ttbie main oponc
';ing for af distant:ld three hundred yards,
twhentyreextte to aitebrupt ierminnt ion, where
;the trot men wore . engaged :in blasting,from
the Sitio beds 'of -coal. I Thero 'aro lately.mines
'of eensideralde 'niagnitude, :branching off at
!frequent intervals nlong•the main ininei From
foutquideq loarneTtbat , tliere wore abtitit fifty
!woThittail :engaged:Ali this; tnine, fronvaix.in,
!morning until six lir the tewening, , mostly,for,
eigneva. , t Each I man- takes .fram the ,, hod,and,
prepttrestfoit•tbe cart frd m ton o -fifteen' toast
:per day, while an additionril.hand.laneaissary
tto transport the same froin the
_ooo :whore it
isnithitin'erff to 'tlio - t libate tibleli it
dotiti iti"iintlitidelte - 041 Of''tifa '
booit 460 e..
0 1 4 i ftli' f irai fey! iti4fitS , 'sf4ii.''. , ll:l6'
the valley. It seems to be nu immousfi bat
cool.'
Among other places of interest visited, was
die house of Mr: Slocum, Who showed us the
portrait of his aunt, for sixty years a captive
among the Indians, and to whom 116 ave alreo
dy lad allusion. Mr. Slocum also took us to.
the very spot where she, was .taken captive
when five years of age, and narrated tens with
feeling heart the circumstances of her seizure
The ground on which the house stood, from
which she was taken, is now a corn field, and
the swamp into which the Indian plunged with'
his prize is.now a meadow. Forty Fort, the
Monument and Queen Esther's Rock were all
taken in our rout, but I have not time to notice
each more particularly at present.
31 1 „iiic di enttl
THE PROPHET WARRIOR OF THE
CAUCASUS,
"God is Great! Mahommed is his first
Prophet, and Schamyl is his second." Such
is the rallying shout of the followers of the
famous Schamyl, the Imain and Sultan of the
Eastern Caucasus, who since the year 1834 has
baffled the power Of Russia, and now attracts
the attention of the greatest nations of Europe
as a worthy ally against the pretensions of the
great Northern Autocrat, Schamyl is a native
of Ifituri, in Avaria, and was born in 1 . 197. It
is said that, from his earliest childhood, his
silent earnest ways, intense determination and
love of knowledge, distinguished him among
his'fcll ` - S`piirtifipintiits a`ndu`df de will
ikb
compensated the natural defects of n delicate
physical organization. Ile kould shut himself
up, for_wcelts- in shame atillbtage i , if defeated"
inthe games of the youth of Daghestan ; and
having once been set upon and severely woun
ded by a number of his rivals, the legend runs
that, he brought himself to the point of death
rather than reveal what he consifiered hie dis
grace.
The following description is given of his
person and manner, by Botienstedt, in his his
tory of " the people of the Caucasus, and . their
war of Freedom against the Itussinns :"
Schamyl is of middle stature, has fair hair,
grey eyes, overshadowed by thick, well•mark
ed eyebrow's, a regular well termed nose,`and
a small mouth. A peculiar fairness and deli
, caoy of skin distinguishes his countenance
from that of his fellow countrymen, and his
feet and hands are singularly well shaped.—
, The apparent immovability of his arms in
walking indicates the determination of his
character. His manner is noble anti dignified.
Perfectly, master of himself, ho exercises a si
lent influence over all who may come in con
tact with him. A stern . impassivity, which is
undisturbed even in moments of the I greatest
danger, is his characteristic expressing. A
condemnatiorno death falls frotrrlds lips with
the same calmness as ho shows in 'bOtiferring
on a bravo Murid the sabre of honor won in
some sanguinary fight. With traitors or other
offender+, whose death he has once determined
upon, ho converses without manifesting a shade
of angry or vengeful feeling,_ lie regards him
self ns simply the instrument in the hands of
a higher, pewer, and holils, with the Sufis, that
all his thoughts and decisions are the immediate
inspiration of God. „ His eloquence is as fiery
and persuasive as his ordinary manner is calm
and commanding. " Flames sparkle from his
eyes and flowers are scatterefl from his lips,"
said Bersek Bey, with whom Schamyl lived a
few days after the taking of Akhulgo, when
he resided fora time among the Chiefs of the
Dschigde and Übiche tribes,- in the hope of
raising the Western. Caucasians against the
Russians.
&Army' did 'not obtain his present position
without great difficulty. Ito foundilhe people
of the Caucasus mach, divided,. and only ob
tained the -ascendency by the most indomita
bljtenergy and determined enduring courage. ,
To these..qualities he unites militaCy and ad
ministristtvc abilities of the highest order. A
writer in the April number of the Westminster
Review, thus stuns up his achievements. Of
a mob of scattered tribes, divided by innutner
, able foods, ho has made a. natlon capable of
the most complete unity of ;,orlon, and anima
ted-by ono faith; and his genius as a law-giver,
is as pro eminent as• his religion; entfiuslasm.
With a strong band he has swept,away all the
old boundaries of race and tribe, hosiever eon
secrattid by tradition, and has completely re;
organized tho country over which ho rules.
' .A stern and even-Minded jostles eharacter- .
izes all Schanttyl'a• judgments, and ho would
have long since f Men a victim tells° blond-
fiend; thus excited, but for the watchful dove
tion of his bodyguard, the Murtesigaters, Who ..
constantly surround bins in public The guard
is composed ofa selection from' Murids, and
only the hottest 'enthusiasts are chosen for the
-post which is considered among,the Caucasians
to he in this highest
„degree honorable.. , The
preplief'puts the most implicit confidence in
them, and they,
,en the other hand, renounce
every tie, and place their lives it-his hand
"hey live Wispily, carry 'out the law to the '
very le'tt'er; wear pemiliar insignia and receive
l'ef4nlar
,pay, and a share of the spoils. In
tiMe of peace they aro Sollatnyl's apostles, and ,
considerable miltare'placed nt their disposal
for the carrying; out of their propaganda; Tlits,Y;'':
also:fpri.nn ; ,ITlcient:l36livie,,' In war they nun - , ~
slitute the heart of Schismyl's troops and. the.:;
josses of the -Ruesiiins;
, whcf . ',lali • e".'n,e . ver yet
succeeded in toifilifine, of , ,them alive, ~.,
. SolimnyVa influence has been greatly , itrpig . , ..
.thoned among the C;stfolmjrq by toe Y"°c"'l.
Me proporvallort PE lll s,O 4) P nB " 9 r, l "PAsirP 11
When; cm o li P 9 APPonro,,in)Pcl it3l,l3lo .: rLli'.'lf l3 t7 r „
hoe been ,asprified to
,PIP . P,lV!'99 l ,?paincei:yenr ! :
Clow of Allah, and 0.941 11 ?Y.ti111a ql,Put4i,t Pt,'7 \
40t,. not.to,do@troy .t4,cPP!IR94 I ? .-.4. P al oPg,,
ozp:Innot1040440 0 1 19 W ke- delOedibY 9Pmp• -,
A' atorytio toßof ~tl l rO,,F, P . , ,lipatrating - his lA--
flialblo' Onotor - Early In !Uri
•-m • T'rW'r he, f
_ninth) n; solemn vow thatimiluld put to - death
46044 rtitiddr - any +obroonittfitioes;: pibpoaed
to him r tibrnlisiorAoltbi'ol3lllotii.: • , 111i400tAle,c ; '
of Tobetalienik ivero , mbil acquaintedfvflthlbiel,
cuith . ,-lbut -Iti9B'4BY-hiiiling ilieineelves,dhrecti, •1
en ed-lonl nil; shleii by , the Rsissi ens, ' - •tuScl.rith.`, , ..
Out - oidltroro -.l3obOni)!loihomno otheirAise no- , '
OOpl6(l4hey , in idespuir ion t inoseengeils to-the - 1
Irophot;beggitid: hinvtoua!low , thorni.tol sub:.
o ßt r . ::. ~ rr i;t:- r
The ofaou.oy onvp3is was(dardoci to hem-
deous that the , messengers were chosen by. let
but before reaching Sohamyl's reslienett,their,
I courage failed , and, they resorted to cunning,.
lin the execution of their mission. They
sought Schamyl'e mother, knowing her giant ,
influence with her eon, and by a large bribe,
engaged Khaness to undertake the task.-L.';
What occurred between the mother and spu la, ,
not known but KlTT:it:es came fronithe inter
vicw pale and trembling, saying" to the toes.'
sengers that her son had determined to consult
Allah about their request, and commanded the
peeping° fast until the Imola who had shut
himself up in the mosque reappeared. Three
days end nights Sehatnyl remained invisible,
Ou the fourth morning he appeared bu the flat
roof of the mosque, surrounded by lie Murida.
All viewed with dismay his usually impressive
countenance, distorted and changed by the tra
ces of some past inviard agony. After an in
terval itfprofountl silence, Redirected the near
est : 1 4m-ids to bring his mother into his pres
ence, and when she had arrived, he thus ad
dressed the people :
"The will of the Prophet of Allah he done f
People. of Dargo, the Tchetchenes have dared
to think of yielding to the Giaour, and have
ventured to send messengers, hoping for my
consent. The messengers conscious of their
sin, dared not appear before my face—but
have tempted. the weakness of my unhappy
mother to be their mediator. For her sake, I
hove ventured, aided by your prayers, to ask
the will of Mohammed, the Prophet of Allah ;
nn t that will is, that the first who spoke to me
-ot - this - matter - sUnil - 'bt+ - punlslisd`wTth~n lion=
dred blows of the heavy whip. It was my
mother!"
C,ET rßs
_ these -words, Schamyl- signed- to - hie
Murids, who seized the venerable old
Khu
ness, and bound her to one of the pillars of
the ,mosque. At toe fifth blow, she sank dead•
Soliamyli with a wild outburst of grief, threw
himself at her feet; but auddenly'rising a
gain, cried solemnly —!'God is great and Ma
hammed is his prophet! he, With heard my
prayer, and I may take upon myself the re
mainder of my mother's expiation !" With
that, stripping off his upper garments' he com
manded the Murids. to inflict the remaining
ninety-five blows upon own back. The
punishment fulfilled, Schanayl gave order
that the envoys of the Tohetobenee, terror
stricken witnesses of the preceding scene
should he brought into his presence. The
ready 11furids half drew their schaskas, but
Schatnyl raising the men of Gftuoi from the
ground on which they had cast themselves in
an agony of fear, said only, in his calm, im
passive waY--"(io back to your people, and
for my answer tell them what you have seen
today." Schamyl is now- near sixty yours o
age, but full of life and vigor.
_lf all Ituboin'e
enemies were as determined as he they would
fare ill in the present war.-2V. l'. Sun.
THE LONDON TIMES
A correspondent of the Providence lon real
thus narrates a visit to the office of the great
English newspaper :
"Among many other famous places in Loo
don, I have visited the office of the London
Times. To view the establishment, applica
tion must be Made by letter to the manager.
This despatched,
,a reply was promptly re
ceived by post, and on the card was named
the hour when the presses could be seen in
motion. Mr, Applegarth a brother of the in - -
venter of the press there used, and for ma: y
l iws superintendent of the machinery, a very
amiable gentleman, conducted me through the
various departments, freely answering inqiii t
ies, and - explaining everything as we . went
along. Some idea of the resources and extent
of the Times' office may be had from the single
fact that upwardS of $300,000 are paid to the
'Government annually, form:amps, a penny, or.
two Costs beingspaid each: nuttier' of the' ,
paper issued. The dial; circulation is 42.000
copies, ead'h number, inaludingibe suppliment
emtaining.sixteen pages. Two hundred reams
of paper are used every day, each weikhing ,
from 86 to 88 pounds, making in all from
eight to nine tons. The quality of the paper
every one knows whp has read the Times.—
'Each sheet costs the publisher a penny pad
half, or three cents before it is printed. Qno
of the presses was pilk,in motion at 1 o',olock_
P. , 151:t0 print an editicaLto be sent Ml* mall
an hour later. Twenty .men were employed
on dhe press, part of. them above in a gallery
tonsupply paper, and part below to receive the
printed sheets as they came , out.. The noise
of the machinery was so great-tbut.,;it wet dlf
fieult in conversation te be heard:, Tfie num
ber printed an hour is 12,000. By, holding
-watch-and connting , ,l disoinered:thatnaafmian
recolvo4 from twenty 7 twp to twenty-four, ; a,'
minute.. Now . and thou a sheet with on imper
feet impression'weuld ho hastelythrown out
,by; Ono of the sharp'eYeci men below, andemie
or twice at the stroke of a hell nil the wheels
stopped, and the great machine rested 'for a'.
fnomeni, then'at :Mother signal commenced the -
stunning clatter Was shoine theiveults,
where the large Stnek of paper is k‘elit;soliindt.;
is :lOW need' iliat the supply hi short of the k do
:nand,' Mad 'the price is mucli advanced.' For ''
•amne 'ttinO annilvertiseinent'fins been standing:':
in the oolitn'is al - t:beVitnes'idert ng: riward•
of $5OOO for he disPovery j ef a'Substitaie ! fiir"'
rags in'the Mltuufixoiullcrtif ThiS
is'unatle by the priiklelcir of thoTiMos'.'"T
lieVe thelll , ol
the editorof•:the Tims,?,,bat I ata ' :oolyiitiOe4
them' is Lamb apersonago c :for
name piououneed and' been' Ishosin' MS! 'heroin,
nod chair. rip ' 9 0100; 'Of . .olO'Pak t . Jiff
riod.oo „the
.mablicntion Wang
greater extent thart.has'besa,:stated: l Thereat .
arisoefiireici'onirodmn fitted tiffori'the pvirpOsir
atiks'isOfo'r:so
8 1 0flt1 of i'mlicrieoil:largP.Ptlia' bet' 9 1 '.440:Te10
portarartrelemployod.:•!Tliceo are.roliovrtl'eti t s
ery,hntf heat; and '''tirb Minvey and' ficim''
o ,L o'„Legif3latjyp 13
4 , 1? , 91;
0119 rgriuktuing ttkn thiqr,f 1 „,
sistlbed
,establibittnent
4i,)Aiit
O ' ert 6 o
with Tronflar.lntlimiL"..! A,
laily*o: lot ilo'tt!'o4'4o, 7 ' ,1
'ecaolug'uor.t4.4ot t)1gP,,t,05)1114, 4 .41R414,4g91);!;. •
444x , 514 with alolo otoOtink.
VOL. LIN NO 50