Carlisle herald. (Carlisle, Pa.) 1845-1881, January 04, 1854, Image 2
-6Vi-r-t,11..-40- . Cing'it,g.i'i or ; pßopmeanNal:) ITAquirraTox, Aier..27 In the Sbnitti, Mr:Seward introduced to Provide fey the notAtruction of a military and potted Rid'rend, through the to to CaßPoinie:which was referredto the Com , Warn on Post Offices.- A supplement timend 41kg_th'e River and Harbor bill of lest year, ntriking out the $60,000 approprintiorito con struot a break-water at Albeniarl Sound, which was passed. 'kir. Slidell introduced bills for the improvement of the mouth of the Minnie: sippi; and for the establishment' of n Navy_ Yard at New Orlenhal. The death of Mr. Camp bell:member of Congress from Tenneaste, was then announced, and after the customer? rose hitions the Senate adjourned. In the House, - albs death of Mr. Campbell was announced, and after several eulogitime, of the'deceased, - lhe usual resolutions were passed and the House adjourned. WASHINGTON, Dco'r. 28 There 1W nothing done in the Senate to day. The funeral of Hon. Mr. Campbell, took place to-day, from the 'louse of Repretientit tires. There was a largo number of spectators in the galleries. Mr. Slicer, Chaplain of the Senate, read the nineteenth Psalm, and part it the fifteenth ohnpter of Firet Corinthians, and delivered a prayer. Mr. Millburn, Chap lain of. the Mouse, then addresied a fetr solemn words to the assembly and then pronounced the benediction, when the funeral procession moved from the Hall to the Southern boat with the corpse. When the, rnembere returned to the -Hall, the Itouso adjourned till Saturday:, WASHINGTON, Deer. 20 Senate.—The session was short and the bu 'sincss unimportant. Mr. Sumner presented the petition' of the American Peace Society, urging the establishment of arbitration ns 'means of settlement of national disputes. Mr. Dawson preianted the petitio of Cyrus Mc- Cormick for the renewal of his slant for a reaping machine. Mr. Atchison rred a bill granting lands to Missouri, Illinois, ndiana and Ohio for a Railroad through those .Intes. After some other unimportant business the Sonata adjourned. No session of the House. IVAsinNcrox, Dec'r. 31 The Senate did not sit to-day. In the House the Erie Railroad troubles came under discus einn, the proceedings of a public meeting in Indianapolis on the subject being presented by a member from that section. After making a speech in which he denounced the Brie rioters, and argued that the Government ought to put down the insurrection by military force, be moved that the memorial be referred to the Committee on Military affairs. Several of the Pennsylvania members defended the citizens of Erie. The memorial woe referred as moved. Mr. Bisset reported a resolution conferring the thanks of Congress end a sword upon Gen. Wool for distinguished servicestit Buena Vista. Laid over. No other builness of importance. TEE EUROPEAN - AVAIt bleastroup Defent of the Turke--A Gen eral War Inevitable. The steamer Pacific, which arrived at New Ycrk on Monday week brought intelligence of, a highly interesting and exciting character: -- A naval engagement; it appears, occurred be tweerhhe Russian and Turkish fleets in the Thank Sea on the 30th of Noveinber, which re sulted disastrously to the Turks, all their‘ves eels engaged being either captured or destroy ed. There is a discrepancy in the accounts as to the number of Russian vessels engaged in the contest. What would seam to be the most reliable account, however, puts their number at twenty-four, ;while tho Turks had but fourteen. With.thie disproportion of force, the victory reflects no credit whatever upon the Russian arms; but the practical result is the same as if the opposing forces had been more fairly matched. The battle lasted one hour, and resulted in the destruction of the whole Turkish fleet engaged. The Russian .fleet also Buffered severely, seven vessels hav ing been sunk or burned, and the remainder so badly crippled that they could with difficulty Make tileir way back to Sebastopol, whence they had sailed. The news of this battle cre ated intense excitement throughout Europe and being regarded as even lees defensible than the occupation of the Principalities, this unexpected step of Nicholas appears likely to drive the English antrthe French into active measures for the defence of Turkey. • The London Times, which has hitherto thrown its great influence in favor of a pacific solution of the Eastern question, has now assumed a war like tone, and counsels effective steps for the protection of the Porte. STILL LATER By the arrival of the Africa on the 80th, we Lave still - later intelligence. The report of the loes of the Turks in the:recent naval en= garment with the Russians was greatly exaggerated. The accounts, however, are exeeedingly vague and contradictory. The latest accounts etc ° that the Russians • lost two of their largest ships in the engagement, teed that the town of Sinopo was totally de stroyed. ' Lord Palmerston has_resigned his position in the English Cabinet, and.qa private advicee state; owing to the state of the Eastern ques tion. It was reported that the English and French Fleets had been ordered to enter' the Black Sea. At Liverpool Flour bad advanced two shillings, Wheat two pence, and Corn bad • en upward tendency. TAR CINCINNATTI RIOT M., The Cincinnatti papers of 'the -28th lost., give the particulars of a riot which took 'place in that city on, the evening previous 'Some offence had been taken by the members of the Freemen's Society, et some remarks of Bishbp Bodin', the Pope's Nuncio, made from the pulpit in the morning, and about eleven 'o'clock fn the evening: they met in a body to "the numbbr of some one thousand men, armed with clubs, - sworde, knives, pistols, &e., And were proceeding towards the Bishop's house, threatening to bang the Nuncio and burn the 'Church, when they were encountered . by the police, and after a short melee, Were dispersed. Sense sixty of the rioters were arrested and lodged In the watch-house. In the Melees watchman wee shot in the leg, Ilu d moral of the orowd were badly Injured. The Society Of Freemen is domposed i of Germane, and it is said several inflammatory had recently been published in a Ger Man paper of that oily, and. which doubtless contributed to in crease the excitement. INVOINNATTI, Jan. I.—Alt the Germane , Atisieeted; hat Sunday night, -charged with •eaccaptad violence to At. Bodin', have been eetrittedi spit the , evidence, shows the 'eon- . dmoF the folime to have beenAutrageous and utijuitThvbis), ratitto vympatity, iq , now with , We Goma," Pd Os Wide Ave, itrorigil 11,01101114 HERALD ANDEXPOSEFOIY. , )14 •4 ; . " ..,•• • • 1t CAULISLIF rA. • VV.pDN,ES,DAY, JANIIARY‘4, 1854 NE LARGLL,. AND CHEAPEST NEWSPAPER IN CUMBINt LAND COUNTY • Term.st=Tivo Dollars a year, or ar, One Donar . .and Fjfik Conic, if paid punctually-in Advance. $1,75 if paid within 'the Pecir. • • COUNTY 11111:10TiNG1 •A meeting of the Whigs of Cdniberland eoutity will be held nt the Dublio ]louse of John Hannon, in Carlisle, on Monday evening the Oth of January, to niftwint Delegated' to thd State Convention which meets' at-Harrier burg; on the 1601 of March 'next. MANY wmas. iiNiirOur paper is detained a few hours be hind time to give the Governor's Message.— We are indebted to the courtesy of our neigh bors of the Volunteer andDernecrot for the means of giving the Message so promptly to our readers. Otherwise we WI uld not have been able to publish it until our next. MOM IARRISBURG. The State Legislature assembled yesterday and we learn that both Houses were duly or ganized. Maxwell 111.Cn,lin, of Greene comi ty, was elected Speaker of the Senate, and E. B. Chase, of Susquehanna, Speaker of the House. The Governor's Message was deliver ed to day at 12 o'clock. MEETING OF NAT. DEMOCRATS fPnitannrrna, Dee. 30.—A meeting of Na tional Democrats, opposed to the re-nomina tion of Uov. Bigler, woe held this evening, there being about 1000 persons in attendance. ResolutiOns were adopted deprecating the interference of federal officers in State or lo cal elections, and condemning all dictation on the part of Cabinet officers as usurpation and tyranny, meriting universal condemnation. • The resolutions also condemn the course of the Washington Union. nod nppinud the posi tion and course of the Washington 'Sentinel They also denounce Gov. Bigler for sustaining the rail road guago law, which tale caused so much difficulty at prio. Speeches were delivered by Col. Small,. Gus tavus Welsh, wnd others. Mike Walsh nod Mr. Cutting declined speaking, in consequence of the denunciation of the gunge law. MARINE. DISASTEII.B.—We have further news of the del lorable sufferings of mariners during the recent storm - at the East. A largo num ber of vessels have been either wrecked com pletely, or elso - dismasted and driven ashore. The most melancholy portion of this sad intel ligenceds that a great number of Eves are known‘to.bave been lost, and it is believed that some vessels had gone down with all on board. Probably the most heart-rending disaster no• corredAto Capt. Stout, of the schooner Eliza beth. His vessel was wrecked off Yarmodth On Wednesday nig'st. He succeeded in get ting his wife ashore, but she died on the beach in his arms. His child perished while lashed to the schooner. %. Thorn was a terrible snow storm at Boston on Thursday last, and the wind blow almoet a hurricane. The latest dispatch that night says, the snow was then two feet deep on a level, but in many places was drifted to the height of ten, fifteen and twenty feet, and the weather• intensely oold. The railroad traoks were blocked, and no . traine nor steam boats arrived that Ay, and kill travel was suspended. The tide rose to nn unusual height, overflowing the wharves, and destroy ing much property.—So severe a storm has not been experienced for many years. Tits SOLDIERS' CONVIINTIOIL—WO learn from the Philadelphia Ledger that the National Con vention of the Soldiers of the war of 1812 will assemble in Independence Mill, on the 9th of January, at 12, M. This arrangement ha's been made to suitthe convenience of many delegates, who will thus he enabled to reach the city in time, by the morning conveyannces. Prom present appearance there will be a large as semblage of the soldiers of the second war of independence. Sdf-The railroad difficulty nt Erio is far from being nettled yet, - if we may judge from the excited state of feeling still existing there On Tuesday a number of the officers of the railroad company who went to Harbor Creek to superintend the repairs of the track, were attacked by an armed party and, forced to leave the ground and retreat to the care, when the train was started, and not stopped until it reached the State line. New YEAWS DAY IN IVABlll2ioTON.—Wash ington, Jan. 2 —This day is observed as a general holiday here. The public offices, banks, Sze., are all closed, and Congress is not in session. The White House and the resi dences of the Heads of Departments and of some of the distinguished citizens. are all open to receive Visitors, and they aro much throng ed. The weather is delightful, cold with con siderable midi - sron the ground. ART Timex DRAWING.—The drawing of the Philadelphia "Art Union" took place on Sa turday evening, at the Musical Prior to the drawing, an eloquent na,dress on, the subject of the fine arts was "deliVered l - by lion. Robert T. Conrad. The 25th prize —ii Winter Scone by W. B. Boyle—fell to the lot of Wm. M. Watts, Req. Carlisle. , There worq fifty prizes in all. tiE9.,.,The President's House, the Ng tonal Intelligepcer says, is now completely •finished, and in full order for the radeption of visitors. No previous time in its history has the Presi• dentist mansion equalledits present condition for comfort, taste, an d style. . • Our Carrier regulate us to return his warm: Thanks to our petrone who so .hindly and liberally remembered him' on Monday morning, on the oieaslon of presenting his ad• drese, Stir Telegrapbio dispatches from Cleveland Chicago, and lililwaukie, on Thursday night, state that a furious snow stormo urns then ra ging in those places, with a tremendous gale of Wind, and tho weather was intenstly.cold. Ater.4. B. Vaehou, the well known oohrrod abolitionist at Pittsburg; died soddenly on Thursday night, of apoplexy, at the Railroad depot. itta„.The Crystal Palace, theliew York Tri bune says, le to be a permanent institution, devoted to the Exhibition of industrial and artistia prodoetions of all nations. - • ;./plutt qlofottrifil' ....g.ititufp:,. Water Company Operations The Car Hole Gas' and Water Company has a couple Of notWs in our advertising - Willa:ins, oheinrelotton to the borough loan, and the ~ other inviting propoanls for funtiohing,n large quantity of brick; which ate of intermit to man'Y'of our renders. The company hi puth , itig its eporittionsmoat successfully and rapid ly, the prospect is that no may have, on the neat Alb - of July, o• of ' the introduction of Water into. our ttnaient colored- man. of, good, character, nonied John Winter, while stending'at the door of his hou . se, in' west Chapel Alley, late on SAM." day ev,cninglest, wasetruok on the head with hatchet, once with the edge inflicting a so i•ero and dangerous wound, and t*ico with-iho handle, by which he was knOcked down in a senseless condition. The nerpetrator of the dastardly assault could not be distinguished in the dark end made good his' escape. It is to be hoped he may 34t be discovered. Hun ter boo been lying since in a very critical con dition. The lee Crop The weather for some days past has been exceedingly cold, with a fall, of snow about four inches in depth. The "Ice crop" conse quently promises to be abundant, andlof the best quality, thick and firm. Owners of ice houses are busily engaged laying in their sup-, plies for the coming season, and if they man age properly there will be no danger of their stock falling abort next summer. We are glad to learn that the Water Compa ny, which will have, after the erection of its works on the Canedoguinet, peculiar facilities for laying up a large 'stock of ice, Rioposo sup plying the article to families at a ralc. so cheap that none will be obliged' to forego the enjoy ment of this great summer luxury. Their ar rangement will nut however be carried into effect until next summer a year. The Holidays Tho holidays are over—of the feasting and junketing nothing new remains but delightful metnol•ies—the sohoois aro re-:opened and every. body has settled down to business again.— And judging from what WO hear,, all elitsses; . old and young, have had '• a good time." But iow CASCO of es tessivo disipation fell under our eye, and there was no Public disorder to mar the festivities. The holiday' season was taken advantage of by several of our Sabbath Schools for holding their annual celebrations An exhibition by the Lutheran School took place on Christmas Eve—a similar one by the German Reformed School on New Year's Eve, at each of which addresses by different gentlemen and by the scholars, with music of a superior order, con stituted the attractive exercises and were lis tened to by crowded audiences. On Monday morning last a celebration by the Second Pres• byterian Church School also took place, at which several interesting addresses were de livered with other appropriate exerciaes. — Za GRAND PANORAMA'' At Marlon Hall For Three, Days The Panorama of_the Mammoth Cave, Falls of Niagara and the Crystal Palace - CoMbined, with a Grand Concert by the Misses Avondale, has just arrived from a most - brilliant engage ment in Washington. Gentlemen and Ladies of the highest distinction in literary and fash ionable life, Members of Congress, Heads of Department, and Ministers of the various do nominations, hair(' crowded the largest hall in Washington again and again with increasing 'delight, and will bear testimony, not only to the superior merit of the Painting,'but of a Concert of dulcet voices unsurpassed by any in America. The extreme youth of the vocal ists is the only cause why their reputation has not placed them at the head of their profes sion. The Panorama was among the first of the kind ever exhibited in this country, and while its cotemporaries have ceased to attract atten tion, this is the last -to leave the field. It must fail to draw enthusiastic crowds only when the spacious crystal halls of the Mammoth Cave cease to be a wonder in nature, and when the stupendous thunderings of the world's only Cataract shall fail to command the awe-struck wonder of admiring millions. While in Washington n few years since, it made mare money during the earns number of weeks on exhibition than any other painting ever exhibited in that city ; yet its recent visit for the second time was longer than the first. fi,SX..lll.hibitions each evening nt 7,1 o'clock; and Priddy and Saturday afternoons at 8 o'clock, Admission 25 cents: Children un der 12, with their parentiOntlf price. and Schools are invited to the afternoon exhibitions, no they are fully nxintnresting and the audience more helect. Then the Schools are admitted at rediiced price's. RAIL EGAD MEETING An odjourood meeting of the Commissioners and friends of York, Dillsburg and Greencastle Rail Rend, was held et Boiling Springs, Cum berland county, on Saturday, December 17th. Addresses wore delivered by Gen. T. C. Mil - James M. Shearer, showing °polo eively the importance and the peactibility of the construction of the said road. On motion it was Resolved, Thnt Thomas B. Craighead and Col. Chestnut bo added to the Committee of Finance of Cumborlan.l county. ' On motion of A. O. Miller, Esq , it was Resolved, That the Greencastle and Fayette villa Committee of Finance be authorised to answer the communications - received from those places ns they may deem most expedient. On motion of Dr. Shearer, it was Res°lvedo That a meeting be held in the borough of York on the first Saturday in Jan uary, and that the following, gentlemen be ap i.ointed a committee to make the necessary arrangements therefor: Judge Fisher, Dr. Alexander Small, Samuel Small, Col. Daniel Motter, , Jacob IC. Sidle, James M. Anderson, and A. at J. Wells, of York County, Den. T. C Miller, A. O. Miller, Jacob Ilemminger, John T. Green and Johnson Williamson orCumber land County. On motion of 'Mr. 111illcr, it.was Resolved, That a meeting be held nt Paper town, tit the house, of Wm. Soaker, at 10 A. M., on the secaild Saturday in Jenunry, and that,ifie,Oommittwe of Fitisnee be reque ed to report at said meeting. On motion of James M. Anderson, It was ILsoluel, That the committee appointed to confer with an engineer be nutholized to en pp one ns soon as sufficient money ho collect-, ed to defray the expeusd.Of the survey. On motion, it was . , flesoked, That these proceedings be signed by the President and Secretary, and published in.the paper 4 or York and Cumberland. Tho meeting then adjourned to meet so above mentioned, T. C..MILLBR, Preet, G. L. Saco. TLc population of Ot+ Territbry of Or ogon is stated to be 40,00. IVIALR'RIEIII Qn the. 224 ultl4,hy the Iter. AOl. Krorier 111r.'F./tillieL FLOYD LO Min SAILAIL'ANII &tux • On the 29th &IL, by the enmo Mr. JACOB WVIITERS to Mae ELIZADETII SNAVELY nll et • • this county. ,On Tuesday d''o 27th by J. A Murray, of Dilleburg, Mr. JACOB. Zuo, of -Allen, to Miss LEvutit. ZOOK, of Monroe township. Governor's Message. . . . . . ' , . To. ibi L'Onoriible-the Senators and Members eif;:the Ilintse of Refiresrentatives of the Gen - -oral aitembly: , , G kiIITIEN :---A, beneficent.' Providence has favored the people of our Commonwealth' with a. high degree of health and 'general .' prosperity during the year, Just closed, and • .With many other causes of pleasure and gratitude. Humbly acknowledging these blessings, let us-ask His .divine direction in 'the discharge of our official obligations. It affords me unaflheted delight to wel, come the representatives of the people to -- thesearof government, aihrtely - forurtiine; - , upon the aid of their combined wisdom in ~' the administration of public,affairs ;. "as it is " also a grateful task to perfbrm the constitu tional injunction that requires the executive to " Pom Municate to the General . ASSetubly information of the state of the Conimon- - wealth," and make such suggestions and re-. commendations as thewellare of the people and'the exigencies of the tithes may seem to demand ; and to the discharge, of this obliga tion I 'new Proceed. The receipts 'of the treasury for the yea 1853, exclusive of loans, and including the actual balance in the treasury on the first day of December; 1852, (being $071,081 72,) amounted to the sum of $5,952,474 47. .- The payments forthename period, exclu sive of loans and other extraordinary expen ditures make a total sum of $4,134,048 47, biting $1,818m6 to less than the receipts.- -.Of this excess $505,057 55 was paid to the Commissioners of the S•nking Fund, and $589,000 toward the paS•i ' s ent of old debtsn and the construction of new work on the , North Branch canal and Portage railroad, being part of the temporary loans authorized by the act of the nineteenth of April last ; • which,. together with the balance in the treasury applicable to the redemption of outstanding loans, reduces the actual bal ance on the first day of December last, to the sem of about six hundred and twenty five thousand dollars, to be used in the pay ment of the February interest. The receipts for the vac 1864, including .the balance in the treasury on the first of December; 1855, may, in - -my opinion, be safely estimated at $5,846,417 34. • The expendithres for the same period, in cluding $250,000 for the payment of old debts on the public works, and $300,000 for the sinking fund, should not, and if proper care be taken, will not exceed the sum of $4,500,000, leaving a balance in the treasury on the first of December, 1854, of $1,340,- 117 34. Deducting from this $625,000, the ' amount that should remain in the treasury to meet the interest due February 1, 1855, and we have a surplus revenue of over $700,- 000. • It is thus made apparent, to my mind, that the treasury will have the ability, during the , e,oming year, to redeem the entire amount of the temporary loans now outstanding, and pay the &Wale which I have already re thrred. But no.additional drafts should be made upon it, without prevision being first madedor their payment. ' At the, time of my induction into office the liabilities of the State were as follows, viz : Six per cent. bonds $2,314,023 51 Five . ~ . 36,704,458 03 Four and ono- „ half per cent. 'bonds .T 198,200 OF Relief !iota, per act of May - 4, 1841 650,103 000 Cert ificatea.for unpaid inter est carthe public debt, for . . the years 1843, '44, and '45, with their accumula ted interest 204,680 20 Domestic creditors' certifl, cater 82.932 74 Total liabilities, Doe. 1, 3 51, $40,154,457 48 Add loan of April 2, 1852, for the, completion of the North Branch canal, 850,000 00 From which take the fol lowing payments : To the sinkingfund $381,439 - 83 Interest on outstand ing certificates 50,70 01 Total amount of funded debt at this time To meet this apparent increase of $ll7, 777 53 . of,Aie_ public debt, it should bo ob served that; by the cancellation of six per cent. bond.,. we have a saving of $20,000 annually.-to the. treasury, which is equivalent Ma virtual puma of $400,000 of :tlio par cent. hoods. The amount thus saved will be a pelmanerit resource, without mak ing exaction from the people, and constitute a su,bstantiat - addition to the sinking fund.— It wine a virtual reduction of the public debt to the amount of $28`2,222 47. The floating liabilities and current de mands nvo the Treasury, at the period I have indicated, were as tbllows Damages,, balances on con tracts,' nod for labor and materials on the public works, prior to January, 1852, and sinco paid, as appears mine books of tho Auditor General 8381,752 15 Temporary loans 398,000 00 Unpaid appropriations 621,838 00 Total $1,401,090 16 The floating liabilities of the Commonwealth, and . current • , deniands upon the treasury at this time, are: Railroad and canal debts $327,734 00 Temporary loans' 690,000 00 Unpaid appropria- - lions 305,696 00 Diff. between the two periods $177,601 15 It will ,rhus appear that the floating liabil-* itiosare $177,661 15 less than when I as sumed the duties of my present station. It should be remarked that floating debt as. above stated, is no new thing. It hes al bays existed to a greater or less degree, but has not usually been exhibited in this form. A balance of unpaid appropriations is un avoidable, and has not been so small for many years as at present. _ During the years 1852 and 1863, the fol lowing appropriations and payments have boon mado, towards the construction of new improvements: For re-laying thnnerth track of the Columbia railroad $365,600 00 For the construction of a now road to avoid the inclined planes on the Allegheny mountains 056,034 90 . For the completion of the • Western reservoir 52,380 411 For the North Branoll canal 1,000,000 00 For the new locks on tho Delaware' Div ision Total Prom the forgoing figures it is apparent that the• Operations of the treasury have ex , ceeded our most,. sanguine expectations, yielding over a' nfillion of dollars annually above the ordinary charges .and expenses;; and showing, that if no now improvements had been in progress, two millions,.,at least, of the public debt could have beetepaid du ring the last two years. In addition to these 'extraordinary expenditures, there was paid out of the treasury during said period, in pursuance of laws passed prior to 1862 for the State Lunatic Asylum, $70,700; for the' publication ,of the Pennsylvania Archives and Colonial Records, $23,168 62; for the improvement of 'the State penitentiaries, $85,000; for the publication , of:Prolessor Rogers' geological survey $16;000; for the preparation of registration ; books, $12,190 19; to the. Sugar Valley and Doer Creek Turnpike CoMpany, $B,OOO. It .will readily he perceived, therefore, that Should .the appropriations hereafter be Confined' strictly to , tho 'ordinary "expenses' of government, We shall have an annual sur plus revenue exceeding ono million of dol lars, applicable to the payment of the funded debt. That such should be the policy of theStafe, after tho completion of the works now in progress, ,will not be!dpubted. The importance of such economy in view of the great end to ho Attained—the liquidation of the public debt.--and consequent relief of the people from4axation for State} pOrposes, is too rennifeatfor -argument. Entertaining these views, I could not give my assent to any new schemes of improvement by the State. - . • ' • The operations,on the public works for the year just (dosed do not present a very flattering picture, so far as relates to :net revenue. _Mu aggregate amount of business was larger by twenty per cont. than that oP airy farmer year,- and the gross receipts am- otufted - ,t6!the sum of $1,932,496 3J, being' an excess of but $35M83 21 over the receipts ,ot 1862:- . This inorease of tonnage. without 'corresponding. increase. of receipts is the c - onaequenCe of a very great reduction of u•meatiure, in the opinion' of the Canal Conunissioners, demanded by public. pol icy; .and' it maybe 'said that whatever has been lost to the treasury was given' to 'extend commerce and %trade. The ex penditures for the year according to the report or the Canal Commissioners, amount -ed-to-the-sunr-of - $4177;742 reaving a net balance. of $761,752 58; bet as this ~.stun'does not: include 'any portion of the cost of new locomotive engines and the erec tion of farm bridges, the deduction of the proper projiortion of these will lefive the sum of $704,752 48 as the actual net balance. The receipts and expenditure's and gener al operations' on the Columbia railroad ex hibit an encouraging state of allisirs,as they also do on ON .N malt Branch canal and Del aware division; on the other divisions of the canal they are tolerable ; but on the Al legheny Portage railread,, the condition of affairs is entirely unsatisfactory. The sys tem of management butetofore practised on that complicated and difficult work, would seem to demand a speedy and radical change. ! But the Executive, under the laws as they now are, having no control or direction over ! the public worsts, it -is right and proper that I should leave the explanation of the details of their workings and management to the people's agents, Who have charge of the whole subject. I am, however, still entirely sanguine that with the necessary' change in the system of management; the public improvements can be made to yield a very handsome revenue to the treasury; indeed, even for the last year, had the expenses of the mountain di vision been confined to a reasonable sum, the net revenues would have reached near one million of dollars. Relieved Rom these absorbing demands by the construction of the new road, or in some other way, and we shall realize, by the year 1855, a net profit equal to the interest on twenty-two millions" or more of the public debt; The work on the railroad to avoid the in clined planes on the Allegheny, mountains, has not progressed as vapidly as had been anticipated. 'lt is the opinion of the engin eer, however, as will appear on relerene° to his report, that should the necessary means lie promptly furnished, the entire line could be completed during the coming year. The grading thr a double track is fin ished with the exception of four miles, and the cost of this balance, together with the expenses of laying down a single track, is estimated et six hundred and live thousand dollars, in addition to the value of the old track. The engineer also estimates the an nual saving as compared with the expendi tares on thekold road, on a business equal to that of 18'32 at t v -.hundred and ninety thousand dollars. also states that the road between plano , No. 1 and Hollidays burg, with a double track, will cost about eight hundred thousand dollars less than the rent:Sylvania railroad, for a like distance. Viewed io every aspect, it must he con fessed that this branch of the public anhirs presents an embarrassing alternative. The prompt completion of the new work will in volve the expenditure of more capital than the State cum command without resorting to farther teMporary loans; whilst, on the other hand, the maintenance of the old road, at a cost of. four hundred and tiny thousand dollars per moat, is 1111i10 out of the question. Its exhausting d°mands un the treasury must be speedily obviated, :inch for my part I call Sec no mode of doing this except by the completion of the new road. At the time I :Issunied the duties of my present station, I found this a orb in progress of construction ; the western slope up to 11101 summit. having been placed under contracC during the slimmer of 1851. On referring , to the reports of the Canal Commissioners and the Engineer, the only data v. Mull I could properly consult as to the policy of the measure, I found that the total cost of a single tract]wag estimated ut tit 1,0175,0110. The materials on the old rdad were valued at $218,650, which tugether-with.the appro priations previously made, reduced the amount to be provided to, complete the , work to the meagre sum of :'i.591,350. • With these calculations before me, and even add ing a larger amount for errors it the esti mates, and the enormous expenditures of the ell road in full view, I could not doubt the expediency and economy of the measure. But the unusual, advance in the price of labor, material and subsistence, added to the obvious errors iii. the estimates, has changed the entire aspect of this enterprise. The stun of $OOO,OOO has been appropriated since that time, and over six hundred thou sand dollars is still required with the value of the old road, to bring the line r into use. The estimated cost of completing the North Branch Canal, at the period already named, was $772,000. One Million of dol lars has since been paid, and a :311111 exceed ing one hundred and hilly thousand dollars is still required to pay for its completion. With such miexpected demands upon the treasury within the short space of two years, it would not be unreasonable to expect an indrease of the liabilities of the State; but it is alike gratifying and astonishing to know that this has not occurred. $41,004,157 48 732,22247 $40,272,235 01 Tho Junction anal, extending from the New York line to Elmira, will be ready for business during the present,month, and the State work from Pittston to the dam at Athens, a distance of ninety-three miles, has been completed. The only unfinished part of the work lies between Athens and the State line, a space of about two and a half miles, the construction of Which was delayed by an effort of the Canal Commis sioners and the Governor, under• an act of Assembly, to negotiate with :ite• Junction carnal company for its completion. But; evijn this suction, I am assured', 'will be ready in adiple time for the spring trade. These works will complete .the last link in : continuous water,conimunication tween the Chesapeake bay and the northern lakes. The struggle for this achievement hits , becn long and arduous, covering nearly - a quarter of a century. But the tr•ien[ph is still a brilliant one, and must be cause of gratification to the peoplq of the ,entire State. 1,2A429 00 Most auspicious and promising is it for the enterprising inhabitants of Northern Pennsylvania, to whose untiring efforts its final constutudion may be unduly attributed. : Through this channel, in the early part of next season, and (luring oaeli succeeding year, 4'ennsylvatilti . will send greeting, .to the people of n• neighboring state—the evi dence of fraternal allOction—the assurance of political fidelity, and the blessings of an extended commerce, in the shape of inland vessels, freighted with her richest minerals, and review in return as she will certainly be olibred,lrom the i-atevallies of, the Em pire State, now teeming - with wealth in6ll its variety, at-ntrances of full reciprocity; in atlbction, fidelity anti commerce. And in (Inc time the coffers of tho State, I am con- Ild'ent, will receive an ample reward from I these new relations of trade. andbed, on this point the large increase of profits on the old line for the year just closed, furnishes the most reliable indication of what we may anticipate from the, new. The, constantly increasing demand for coal, outrunning, as Rhos done tor years past, the means of sup ply, justifies, if it does not force upon ns the conclusion, that so soon as boats can he constructed, and proper business connexions formed; this - canal will ,be patronized up to its full capacity. A•glitnee at the vast, rich and popidous section of country which it will be called upon to, supply with coal,,for every imaginable purpose, domestic, MU chattical and maimfitcturing, and at the fa cilities offered by the Nov York canals and the lakes, to reach all points of that court try,-unist satisfy the most sceptical as to the value and 'importance:of this improvement. I, congratulate you, therefore, upon the consumation ofati enterprize which will be tuns profitable to the State, and beneficial to the people. ;' The expediency of selling the public works has boon a topic of discussion in the press of the Stato, for sonic months past, and withoutindicating a Policy for the Gen eral Assethbly, .or intending this slightest discourtesy to the people's agents to whom thw management of this brach of public af fairs has been confided, I have deemed it my duty to discuss some of the considCra flops incident to and growing out of thopro pOsition. - 4,ndeed, it would be unreasonable to as sume either tho affirmative or negative of tho question, and expect to be properly understood,:without some explanation as, to the price oflthe„works and the conditions of sale. • 1 80,000 00 $2,113,016 81 ME It is fair "to presume that. those who adv- tate thifidtirmative haveTestitmt ideas as 'to what thif , price should be, and' that unless 'such' considerationi.. can lie realized they would,not agree to fief). . The first inquiry therefore is, why should these work's 1i& sold? The answer usually, giv - en. is, that the Measure is necessary to: reduce the Shite debt and To relieve the people from taxation. These aro great ob jects indeed, tind.shouldots I have no doubt •they.will, receive your ehrnest considera . tien ' • their realization however, must depend mainlr upon the price obtained. , Should the interest on the public debt jiqilidated by the _sale be less. than the net profits arising from the works, then it AvAjd be falso!cconomrto that ease the measure would not he one - of relief to the people, but must necessarily increase their yearly burthens. 5 . * And 'Mitt reason is there to suppose that more can he obtained 7 Capitalists, it will 13, conceded, When weighing the question of a 'purchase, will make the net profits of their investments the basis of all their cal. culations. They will look at the past oper ations of these works,. im connexion with their prospectsin the future—carefully con sidering every fact and circumstance bearing on , their real value; and, it is scarcely ne cessary to remark, will only buy When per fectly satisfied that they have the best of the 'bargain. In attempting to determine The question of value, it will he perceived, therefore, that the inquiries, examinatiods and motives of the buyer and seller, must necessarily he identical. It is apparent then, thafthe effect of com— petition on the value of these works; the inroads which may be made by science and mechanic:4,lTM on every description of trans portation realties now in existence ; the casualties that may result to them from the elements; in short, the mutability of human structures, and the propriety of simplifying he duties of goVernment, must constitute, tmainly the considerations in favor ea sep aration between the State and her,,,improve meats. On the other hand will lie presented the hopes of future business and increased profits to the treasury, predicated upon the rapid growth of the Commonwealth; her vast and varied resources, and the influence of these upon transportation within her lim its; the increaing demand for facilities to transmit her products to market; the endless consumption and unlimited supply of her great staples of coal and iron, and their prOximity'to her works at all points; the` enlarged products of agriculture, and the rich- variety • of manufactures, so rapidly. multiplying in crery part of the State, con stituting at once a home business, with ages of duration before it, which no human agen cy can disturb, and which must contribute at all times a fair income to the government. In addition to these considerations against a sale, may be urged . the necessity v. hick would ho presented for the creation of a number of corporations, hiving a communi ty of interest and feeling is ith similar bodies already in existence; and the danger of thus inducing the organization of a controlling power in the Commonwealth. But it is said that companies can - manage these works with greater skill and economy than the State, and for that reason they would be most valuable in the hands of tie former, and that the State can.realice this difference by a sale.. It must be confess..d. that it is to these considerations, and these only, that we can look for argtiments to sus tarn the idea that the State can gain any thing, pecuniarily, by a sale of her impr'oye melds. That the difference in the expenses of the management of the works would amount to a fair per centage, in the estima .tion of some emitalists, I have no donut, brit it is not so great as est Milted by some, Indeed, certain portiOns of ear own - works ark. now well managed, and it is hoped and believed that such changes can .11,e made in the system of direction now imicticed by the State, as to lead to general skill and econo my. . Bit the main question will be the minimum price that shall be fixed un these hill/rove ments ; tuna the proper disposition .of this, it roust• bereadily ‘ seen, will demand much. careful examination. And in reference to this point, the I,isest and best may honestly diller, for the issue belongs mainly to the fu ture, and can only be anticipired from the results of thin past. Ts these WO may look for a moment. For the 3-etirs 18:i2 and 1853. the net re ceipts may he put down as equal to tile an nual interest upon :dnt fifteen millions of the public debt ; and P am inclined to be lieve that. without any increase of trade ex cept on the North Branch, the net profits for the ensuing year (nay be estimated at a sum equal to the interest oil seventeen or eigh teen millions of the debt, and that the com pletion of the road over the mountains, or relief' in some other way, from .the leeching demands or (hat portion of our improve ments, will see the net revenues, Iron this source, swelled too sum equal to the inter est upon twenty-two millions of the State bonds. If it be desirable so sell the public works, we should not miderrato their inmortam•... nor is it just to ‘lispiragc the wisdom it Muir founders. We are prune to DM MUM' agobuit, the policy that' dictated [belr construction, because of the debt we have thus incurred, and yet, it the proposition were submitted to cancel this liability by their destruction ur disuse, we shotibl be 'compelled to reject it. At the time of its adoption, this policy was necessary and proper. Avenues of this kind through the body, of the State, to convoy her vast productions to market, are as indispen sable to her vigorous growth and physical de velopmont as are the veins and arteries to the human system, to give circulation to the blood and consequent health and vigor to the body. To stop or clog these, in ei ther case, would produce stagnation and ul timate destruction. Without reference to the abstract ginist ion of a sale, I may say, that under no circum stancetashould we entertain the proposition to part with , the public works by the crea tion of a joint stock company, as heretofore repeatedly proposed, by Which the Common wealth is to remain a large shareholder, lint the ditection to be hi the hands of individu als or corporations, associated with her in the ownership. I haVe always regarded this as a most dangerous and insidious measure. If the proposition to sell he seriously enter tained, under the present condition of the Money market, it should be based on the idea of a bona fide sate, fora fall compensa tion, in exchange for the bonds of the State, and under such salutary reservations and re strictions as the interests of the'people may demand. - - But it is urged by many that the State's system of managing the public works is st ceptible 'of improvement—that much can 4, be done by judicious reforms to augment the receipts to the treasury, and fficilitatir ;the business of trapsportation ; and, as mitcli of: this system results froin positive law, it may not be deemed officious on my part to make - suggestions on the subject. In to specie,' message, communicated to the General Assembly, soon atter m y induction into office, I Advocated the policy of making ccialt payments for labor and materials, and the interdiction by law of the creation of debt hy the officers on the public works, and made, allusion to other radical.defficts in the system, which could scarcely be reached by the Cana loard. To some of these 1. shall now briltfly Lu the first place, it is impossible to ayoicl, the creation of debts', if the appropriations Be insufficient Br meet Unavoidable expend ' ittires. The 1111,Silli3SS of' transportation and travel on these highways must be kept, up, whether the expenses be paid or not. These circumstances have defeated, to some extent, the administration of the law of May, 1852, requiring cash payments and prompt settle ments by the officers on thesy Works, and 'prohibiting the creation of debts. This re sult, I - regret, for I am still decidedly of opinion, that no other change in the system is so likely to beget economy, purity and er ficioncy in their general direction. For the last year, however, this' law was strictly car riotl out on some of the divisions, end it is lincierely desired tlytt hereafter, the practice ,nay be extended to all. I peed apt di., loss the consequences of the tilstoftpt of' making debts" on thy' public vdtits—its . errors - are too palpable to need -efutation by argument ; and I shall only re eat what I.stdistantielly said to the General ssembly„on it tbrmer occasion, that in midi- iioq to the opportunity it allorded fur extor ,r ion ow the Stile, if not actualTrand upon' he - treasury, thu idea that otlieurs z for the . .me being, should be allowed to scatter the edit of the Commorovoalth 'broatleast, to ' .0 discovered and.redeomed, at 50010 future cried, by their suceessors, is a monstrosity in the economy of public Them seems to be Some plausibility, if not actual truth, in the allegation; that - the - State's management of these works is expen. sive and ineflicient; . and . yet it is not dear to my Mind,. that, treattitl tis ;1 4 ,reere business afilmir, her supervision wbuldrimot be'as cheap and officiynt as that•of corporations and indi viduals. But the, instability of her agencies• renders, accuracy_ awLecone r ny exceedingly difficult. Ifer periodical change of Incurs 'has always .dept ived her of the bdiellt of ex perience in this work ; and this, in apy hu., siness, you Will agree with me, brequivalent . to a fair profit; and that it is, eminently so in the repair awl general supervision of rail roads and canals.' - This shifting practice has"- , had the effect Of making her works a species. of Normal eel oohs f'o'r the educatioh of engi neers and supervisOrs to take charge °Umber improvements. This inslability results frmn be recognition of places on the Stale works, ' al political nilicea, instead of seen title and mechanical work-shemsi and bringing to Lams on their control and direction, our no tions of rotation and short tenure in office.' Then(' ideas are sound and republican, and should never be 'disregarded, in rellamice to the Mikes appertaining to oar political or ganization as a government; but it must ho' conceded that a. mere busiriess , operation to , make money, in competition• with the crea tures of government' and the efforts of indi viduals, was not contemplated rzm an ollice ire the organic!' law of the State; mid: hence. it is not strange, that the prine.iplc9proper for' one - tlb not apply usefully to the' other.. What, I would inquire, would be the condi tien of Reading railroad „the Pernusylva-. nia railroad, and other similar works., were , they required to change their engineer 3 and superintendents, at short periods, and bring strangers into iheir employ ? The answer may be readily discovered in time State's ex, perience. I have long been of.opinion that; in ireference to all the subordinates of the; Canal Commissioners, changes should not be* periodical and prefixed, but should be made as demanded by the exigencies of the public service. Tim' delinquent in any one of the obligations of duty should be dismissed at once, and the only guaranty of continued em ployment should be'found in the superiority of tlfb services rendered the State. All oth -1 er rules for appointment and dismissal shduld lig , speedily obliterated from the system. The present practice depries the State, to a: great extent, of the benefit of that incentive to excel, which actuates all men where cha racter, position and emolument are at stake. or course, my suggestions in reference to the importance 'of experience, will not be under stood as applying- to all the agents on the works ; for instance, it requires but little ex-, perience to make a collector, but it has nod always will require this to render an agent efficient in the construction and repair of railroads and canals, t°rent) exigenies and give harmonious direeti. n to the current op ) orations of tills complica ed branch of publle. service. In short, the nanagement wants the application or hos' iwss organization and principles. A system of books should sup plant the use.of chuck rolls. and the opera tions be so systeniatized that - the reepipts and expenditures of each month*, as the 'sea son passes by, could be announced to tho public. _ . , Confusion, obscurity and rearilatney in our annual volmne of laws—vexatious in ri.ads upon private rights—attempts at the usurpation of power ;nut consequent strivings and litigation, are, in my opinion. the legiti mate frail, of our sysiem or special and Mnlli bllS legislation. Indeed. the truth of these propositions is (00 palpable to admit otargu ment. It is manifested in every year's ex perience, and in some instances the govern ment, as it I . ollS.lllellee, has been Mreed into, the humiliating position of becoming a gut against her own crehtnres. Its demor alizing Militelie, is Marked and tl , llllitl,l nn ell hmids and imperiously demands an effi cient remedy. That the present General Assembly may be distinguished and blessed for apidying the axe at the root of the evil, and marking the era of its Mud termination, jitniv ... sillecre hope. A prolific source of misehierconsists jn the practice of passing a Dumber of laws, entirely dissimilar in their characteristics, frith° same bill, or 1w what ,is.rantitiarly known as the . •• Omnibus System." The , inevitable,' and indeed the frequently lamented effect of this mode fit - legislation, haft been to facilitate, the passage or through the General A s"sem- Itly, awl to secure the sanction °elite Execu tive without that critical examination so in 11spensablE'to a clear comprehension of their true import. Its illustration of the difficul ties which the practice imposes upon this branch or the government, it is only necessa ry to state. that within two days preceeding the final adjournment otthe last latOslature, no less that one hundred and six bills were presented for Executive consideration, COll - three hundred and thirty-rm diffitr ent subject's. Some of these bill contained as many' as twenty dissimilar itcm of legis lation • mud of these, some were not even in dicate by the transcribed title. In addition to-the difficulty of comprehen ding the import or such a heterogenious mass of matter, the Executive frequently finds himself' forced into the dilemma or signing a law which his judgment rejects, or return ing seedier which he really approves. Neith er alternative. you will agree with ate, is in strict accordance with the mandates of tho Constitution. Great inconvenience also re sults to the people, under this system, in the payment at' the enrolment tax upon private lasys. In bills, such as I have already de scribed, may be found a number of items, some taxable, and others Ind, and the bill , must be enrolled under its proper number and title, and the tax be first paid. 'One par ty interested in this legislation May pay his share, another will refuse to do so, and a third, on seeing tire amount nettle tax, con cludes that he cam liVO without the lair; turd thus it has been no uncommon thing for per sons to he forced to pay tax on laws in which they have ho interest, in order to avail them-' selves of what fire Legislattn•e had expressly granted. Such n state of affairs is scarcely conistent with the dignity of a great State, and certainly demands an efficient remedy. Saha ofmy predecessors have urged the General Assembly, to change this system, runt in several previous communications, I 110'6 suggested the propriety and justice of passing each prolitnsition separately, at least so ffir as the object whre dissimilar. But the evil still exists, aud i t am deeply sensible of the difficulty which the application of a prompt and ellbctual remedy must always present to the General Assembly. After emelt reflection on the, magnitude of this evil---its vexatious inroads upon private rights, and its demoralizing tendency upon till: interests of the people. and the more el evated purposes of legislation, 1 have deter mined to co-operate with the General Assem bly in the application of the most efficient means which their wisdom may devise for its removal ; but in the mean time, as a restrain ing part'of the law-making power, I must beg to be indulged in el:tinting the privilege of ' considering each subject of legislation set arately, stud on its own met its, as contem plated by the 'spirit of the' Constitution. Henceforth, therefore, bills containing a vs-, riety of subjects of legislation, dissimilar in tliuir character and purposes, cannot receive the sanction of the•preSent Executive. Another branch of the evil, turd irpostAblet a still greater one, consists ()especial and lo cal legislation. It is to this practice that wo awe mainly indebted for itn annual volume of laws of most ueseendy dintentious, and for a separate rode for nearly every locality in the state. Trio remedy for this must be found in the adoption ,pf a few more general laws, and the rigidatitlii4istration of those already in existence. •SpeOtal acts, you will agree' with are; should inThe instance be passed. where the object can be reached under gen eral laws. Tim law of 1791 and its several stipple mints make provision for tho creation and amendment of corporations fur literary,cluo itable mut religious purposes, and to croato beneficiary societies and tire engine and-hoso companies, through the instrumentality of the Attorney General and the Supreme Court. The act of the thirteenth of Octo— ber, 1829, extended titis power to the courts of the several counties: The acts„of 1836 and 1838 make provision for the association of individuals, through tho instrumentality of the Attorney General .and the Governor, for the purpose of manufacturing iron from .mineral coal.. In addition to these acts, the law to enconrage•manntlicturing, passed in 1819, arid its supplements, provide for asso ciations for the purpose' Ot manufacturing woollen, cotton, ltac and silk goods, or for 'making iron, glass, salt, paper, lumber oil frOm rosinonitieral paints, artificial slate; and Ihr printing and publishing ; and the sup plement 011853 extends its provisions, in a modified term,the business of mining of almost every oseription, On tho subject of ere - ding now townships and incorporating boroughs, the courts have unlimited power; and in the matter of selling