=I ME MI lIIIM mmemir— MMMMMMP=IIIIMIEZGMMMMMM AVIAMILY wr i tpißit- , i.Evo LLD., 1,0, GENERAL'AINTELLIGENCE .ADVERTISING POLITICS ~: L ITER T T mon Ai 'Tv AGRICULTURE . ARIFSAND SCIENCES' AMESEIIENT 'Ark Akie 9 • 708310112. K =VDTs Foog,.HouSE:sTATEtiENT: . .FOR . ..:Is42O BENJAMIN PEFF'ER, SAMUELIGRAHAM and JOHN 2tG, tsquires i Directors of the Poor ? and of - the House of Employment of Cumberland County, in account with said County, from the- ist•of January to the 31st day of"December,AB42, inclusive, viz : : • • • •, • ' ' i ;. To amount due Institution at settlement in • ' 1841 by Jacob Snider, Esq.. Treasurer; $ 887 261 . Amount drawn from County Treasurer.. 5000 00 .. A mount received from Harkness & Darn- • • hart, for use of Derrick Dennin, (slave) , 12 5,0 ' Of G. Hatcher for use of P. Worts. , • 2 00 . * 'For Flax Seed, . • , . • 750 Turkies, ~ 1 1 06 ---- ' --- Of Irwin and Gialtam for hides and skins, 141 . 68} •Fo'r Clover Seed, •• " 24 75 Of J. W: Eby for use of T. Robinson,' . 60 . 00 ' C. Keller for use Of JO3. Douglas, ' 150 00 • Tallow and .Lard, ... : . 19 74 • Geo..Myers.for use.or G. W. Myers,' '• • '65 67" 7. Elliott;•Esq. fines &o: voluntarily paid to • , Directors w .., ~. 6 60 , •S. Alexander, Et+ for use of P. Hays; 41 86 .1. Heffiebower &J. Clark pensioners, . ' .8049 ' Geo. Ege for use of Alfred Ege, (infant) '. 7 "70 Siberian . Apples, '2 50 Of Deceased Paupers, - 75 For Baskets, . . - - 1 911 Benj. Pelfer, Esq. for hauling, :Iced ; :., .. • 575 . Samuel Eckles, F I N: do. ' 297 - Blank Indentures, 4 50 , . Sundries, ; 694 'to balance due by iPeasurery JACOB SQUIER, Esq. Treasurer of tl ment of said Come, insaccount - wid • the Ist day Of January to the 31st d, 'To amount: due at last settlement, - ' 987 2Q " received from County_Trea.. surer, • 5000 00 Joseph Lobach, steward, from dilTurent sources as cihibited in the foregoing • . statement, 054 36.1 Balance due•hy Tre'asnrer, - • Stock on Farm Ist of January .184 , 3. • • _ 7 Head of Horsei•-32. Head of Horned Ca ttle- 3 Calves-8 Breeding Sows-50 Slieep - & 1 lasilb Beef, Pork, Mutton and Veal, fattened and killed on Farm in 1842. 27 beeves, average .wt. 444 lbs. (11988 lbs) 48 sheep, .:verage 47 lbs (2256 lbs) 16 calves, average 65 lbs (10401b6) 39 hogs, average 1601bs t 6244 making in all (21524 lbs. - . _ Farming Utensils on Farm Ist January 1843. 2, narrow wheeled wations, 1 Wagon bed, 2 pair woad ladders, 2 pair hay ladders, 2 sled's; 1 dear born, 1 cart, 5 ploughs, 3' harrowS ; 2 cultivators, 2, double shovaploughs, 5 wheelbarrows, thrensh. mg machine, 2 limning mills, 2 log ehains,.6 sett of wagon gears, 5 sett of plough gears, sleigh and homers, I flax brake, 1 horse rake, 2 sett of carpenters tools, 1 sett of blacksmith tools, and a ra , iety of axes, shovels, grabbing Mica, digging irons, single trees, double trees, scythes, cradles, furks, rakes, dr.e. and 1 sett of. blowinglools,.l sett of butchering tools.: Schedule showing the pro - ceedS of the Farm for 1842. 469 bushels of wheat, 901) of oats, 142 E of corn, :127 of potatoes, 56 loads of bay, 7 of corn rod der,lso bushels of tipples; 64 of onions, 41 reed onions, 27 ,of beets, 15 of parsnips,' 8 of peas and below, 20 of toinatoes:24oo heads of cabbage, 2416 .tmeumber pickles, 8 bushels of flax seed,.:2,o of clover seed, of timothy seed; 15 of hops, made 11 barrel;-of good cider, 3of water cider, 110 gallons of apple butter. , , • Manunctured and,made in the House and Shop.' 86 yards flannel, 31 of-flux linen, 27-i of tow linen; 172 shirts and chimer, 92 calico flocks, 11 flannel flocks, 27 etticoats ; - 37 sheets, 147 pillow ciao, 49 aprons, 10 bonnets, 55 caps, 17 under roundabouts, 14 pair drawers, 6 pilloWs,'6 chaff beds, 76 pair of stockings knitted, 32 pair footed, I_7 barrels of soft noap, 97 pounds of hard soap, 75 pounds ,of beaks] flax. • JOSEPH LOBACH, Steward. ELIZA LOBACH, Matron.. - • . , The Directors &e. of said County, annex the following exhibit of extra labor Sze. performed by the , Stoward, Matron, and Paupers, from the Ist day of . January to the, 31st of December 1849.-as follows: 15, coflins,-5,-pair of woollen pants, 4 pair sunaner pants, 17 roundabouts, quarried stone for 13 perch stone fence, Made 1 double shovel plough, I horse rake, 15 shaking forks, 5 large tables for Poor House, 3 sewing stands, 4 chests, I wheelbarrow, I sled, 2000 rails, cut 130 cord of wood, made 10 handle buskets,fi bushel baskets, 6 single trees, 3 double trees, 8.31 57. worth of blacksmithing. Number of paupers in the institution Ist January 1842, (of which 21 wero,colored %id 7 • . •out door paupers) is ' .. 124 Number admitted up till 31st - December 1842, - (of which 20 were - colored, 4 born In the house and 1 stillborn, . , 154 • :Waking the whole number through the year - . ' 278 Ot which 13 died, 8 children bound out, 128 discharged and 8 eloped, 2 out door deaths, and:7 out door paupers,' , . ' la. Leaving the number of paupers in,the house lst litiiilarYAM3; of which 24 were colored; 120 Out door paupers supported at public expense during the yehr, 7 . Whole number supported let January 1P43, -\ Of those remaining hi the Poor Rouse 31st December J 84 2, there are males 69 cf. which ( . 13 are colored, 69 .. 127 . , . , . . There are na near as can he ancertained under 1 year 5-6 froM 1 to 5-10 from 10 to 20-5 fr'om 20 to 30-15 from 30 to 40—_20_from 40 tuso-25-erum-50-up-60-20-from-6040-70-1-1-fromi7o-to 80=3 - Tiom 80 to 90. 120 - we; the Directors of the Poor and of the House of Employment of Cumberland county, do certify the above foregoing statement to contain a just and true exhibit'of the affairs of the institution during the_period above_stated according- to the best of our knowledge, Given under our hands this 2d day of Jan• nary 1843. • . BENJAMIN PEFFER, SAMUEL GRAHAM, Directors JOHN ZUG, • .. . . • • • • REMOV AL : : . VOstrgerital, iSpirits.'. oa l tzsaz 3 4 0 4 1&atE,535 , 5 $ 9.41115 is n superior article, having stood the test o . , • I experience, for removing all kinds of grease . . .. ," . Practical Hat and Cap , • . 1 "r , wax , 8 " , funn woolen articles. It is prepared . • ~..... ~. , in small bottles, and for side by .. • aAatl? It 424 44-2 zi , at '.1 , .., Ur s - , 8 lEVEN SON, Ea HINKLE. 9 February 8, 1843. • - tr 4.5 liroodi inform his friends and the public, that y he ha's liennitted his Cheap flat and 'Cap -,-. ' - .. • Manufactory:ft; No. 82; Chesnut Bttert, to No. N'Ails .1, Nails I:- .Nails .1 !! 129 Cheimut Ste ' ;41thelloor below 4th Street; North Side. under - the.Auction-Rooms of-Messrs.-Lyon ,- ft NE' THOUSANERCUMSERLAND NAILS, and Hart, wkere ho r.ontinue to fi nish his justli , up.. will be sold in lots to suit , •purchasere; at the selebrated •' . ' , , .•,, . • - • . extraorclindry low price of.s3 44 a Keg. Also 1500 1011 UR: .nwirs .Nqgil of Atuauter Nails, at $3 20 i Reg,,at . ••,' - . - . s,. •- • a- • . . ' ' * 'HENRY L. ELDER'S,' ' s it the low priee Of Four . Dollari: and Ttienty-filvs ' , Cheap Nail Warehouse,49B Itlarltat cl.'Phila. ent s equal in all reincets, if not' , superior., to,ll 'ani •r d ?" 4 1 7 1 1 1" 8 '' ' ! • .: • tr"if bid to the - City - V P.OO, and - apiertrds. Hle'Snii ---------.......- ..' N 11.1.. a 1 A. ,11 ; in.i3 ,',, 2. . , : . ..e aOP :CP Si . • • • to 09,, warranted to be ore fine fur, bediett,far:sor F IL ' inlcaurgntoofd.eitteWhere at s4.to 4.50. - t,!,' , - , n EA VER and _ ant Cl th foo over coats: Also 'Tovest the truth or the abPv.4,,aseeptiart these h. jua ,Black, Blue aud Invisihle preen,Cloth for dress ' t'estecl,to 'satisfy : thernselics,.. are.regoested t o. .' ''coats,jUst reed ved and sellix very lowoct the store of t any or all the other Stores previous to calling ; . 'llea.saili.lll42: - : ' s .-- .'.. CHAS. WIELDY. ' iq Subscrilier; al". he 'id 'Seri thitt MS flats 19 ''' . 1 - • , .s. s ' • ' ' ' 'ar 6 uhilticiated afhen OOmPared w, ittfOtheris. - -' ''., -* - ._.. ' ' ''-• ' . Phile.Feb.4s4B43i I;''.- -` ' • --"' -'' ' two} :", , lAA "LINEN '', L'':.`ns; 1C.8, 1 *-Colintrt Meechants will find Rio theits'ae• .s' -' '' , 4 - ''•' •'', • 4 : ' _•, SU T 'received - and for sa ' 'al snpnly o • Imago to cell- on ihtritubsorlber: - - •:.SHIPPINy , G.,,a,„., 84e , i i, c ,„,,. ~,. the .'.' .Ali -s: . N : MIS wanted of all kinds.. -' • ' ' •- -- ''' '''''''' 35 ' .. raw orki' • POT,. 0400 Mtliieefrice,,ii fine eesortment; ' • .11.1 Morel drift And. goad - ,1:- . ' • ! :PROD& . -01 04 1 ;INAMPlik i; 111 /F 4 - for Plc kV*" '. s.'' .. ' s: fi ,, forgiv.4.llw,, , : . -,, ,- - :,, . ..i caolociivi.,ti-*,i;: , p4.if 4 1":3 11:` , .:..,r.i '_:Sv , qt . ". :', ,•Q , 'Z ' ''' , ; .! '', -,,, 7..', , , ,‘ ~: :.. , '.: 4 ; • . . . . . . , . , • .. . ~ . . . ~ . • .. . ...,- . . „• .. I . c. • . ... • , , . . . ~; 0 • ', sr' , . rf. ,;,:i . ;: 1. , • , , ,,, .. - , r . ~ , . ~ ,• .... , • , '. ''''. 'e . „ ' , .. •, . . 0 . -, i. ' „:," t. I , • -,- ,• • t. , ~ ~.,i , , 0: „,,,,.., ~ ~ ..• , ~.• .. ,„ q ..., .:,..,,.., ~, , ,• • •,,-.. ;5; •,1: '. I. T. .` - - ; I.- . tvt , . - . .., •. ' ~ . ... ,: '. 4 , ' „:,- • ..: •..,:', ',, . ~: .'.' , ~...„, ~ 4-, - .: 7 ,' . ‘,....: ,.. : . ..... , ~ ...' .: , ' ' ~- . -, ~:', --,- .;-' -. , , .:' ''..-'...., ', ~: -, ... '', , ', l? ' . J ". . : '• ,'. ', ''. -, ... '' ' . . ' . . . . , . . . -.... .. • . - ' ' . . . . . .. . By payrient of Intereak On.tiCiii,flis (for laud ~ ,_ purchased of A. 111'Dowell in 1842,) ' $ 130 40 Cash orGrciceriesifilerchandize; Hard- ' ' • ...sv e, loftiing lk Bedding' included, 1647 54 Justices' nil Constable's Less . 62 36 ' Support f outdoor paupers; • . 219'15 'Stock, 651 49 Crain, flour and grinding, , • 746 93 Sundries, fOr Pour House Kit Chen, ko. 498 99 rthlarilians of the Philadelphia Akita House • . for support of paupers, . , . 122'55 4 4ilogii,g, Weaving, Carling e ntfting,Br.e. 125 19 'Materials; imkovemeats, &h. 207 . 01 i A. Umberto:l for'. surveying and drafts of •, Prior-floosie Farm,'6 25 . Outdoor medical ai, `B 25 Oa door funeral' xpenics, • . . 33 :50 I Fioming utensils, tools, &o. ' 99 15 Fllaaksinithing,- '23 12 . Hutting, shoemaking, saddling and for har ness, Coal for two.years, • . Postage, car litre, freight, Itc, ' Wagosimakingi ' • • Printing and Stationary, Joseph Lobach's salary for one year, , Dr., .1. thilighmiiii for medicine and attn. :. (lance for one year, Samuel tickles, Esq. Director for extra ler- . viers, . 40 50 Benjamin Peer, Esq. do do 22 50 Samuel Graliana, Esq. do do - 24 00 Jacob Squire, Esq. Treasurer for 1842,40 (10 Hugh Gaullsigher, Esq. Attorney for 1 841, 30 00 Surgical Instruments,2B 20 . , Potatoes,, 9 4G . . - $6541 63+ Leather, - $6039 761 ll:dative due County by Treasuror 1 it Jan uary 1343, . 501 1167 6541 63+ • • • $63'41.6311 $6541 (13i To balance due by Ti.easurer, $5Ol heq le Poor Hotise - and Ilonse ofTErnploy h the Directors of said Institution, fron y of DeceinbP.r.•:l 842, inclusive. By cash paid orders as stated abOve, $6039 76,1• " Balance due county, • . 501 861 $654 634 , SSUL 86,4, Females 51 01 which 11 arc colored, And 7 out door paupers 4 We, the Auditors of Cumberland county, do certify. that having examined the accounts and vouchers of the Directors of the Poor and House of Employment of said county from the Ist day ofJanuary - to the Ist. - day of - December 1842, in: elusive, do find a balance duu said county by, the Directors of said Institution of five hundred and one dollars and eighty-six and a half cents in the hands of Jacob squier, Esq. Treasurer of said Poor House and liotte of Employment. Given under our hands at Carlisle, the 7th day of January 1843. SAMUEL WILLIAMS, • ' PETER BARNHART, Auditors R. C. KILGORE, , . . 'S:"ZMIMZIM. ' • From Bentley's Miscellany THIS WORIAP- OF-01.71t5. Tsys world of ours, if free from sin, Oh ! would it not be fair T Funehine above, and flowers beneath, And beauty everywhere ! • The air, the earth, the , wittera teeth " With living things at•play; Glad Nature from an hundred throats Pours her rejoicing lay. Each balmy breeze - that wanders by', Whispers some angel tone ; And the clear fountains have a voice Of musle'of their own. . Even the leaves of the forest trees, Moved by the zephyr's wing, . Make a low murmur "11 content , To little birds that sing. 154 6S 268 so 18 II 10 12i 4 00 600 00 The busy bees o'er garden-flowers A holy song attune, Joining, with never-tiring mirth, The minstrelsy of June: And the great waves upon the deep, , Leaping like giants free, • Add, in their hollow. , monody, The chorus of the sea. . Iso 00 There's beauty in the summer sky, When from his ocean bed, Like a Strong man xefresh'd by sleep, The Sun Uplifts his' head r And When behind the western rocks How beauteous are the crimson clouds Tpat curtain his repose 136 49 Are not the grassy valleys fair, I)eek'd in their spring array i• ' And the high hills with forests clad, How beautiful are they ! Look on the sea, that girdled vast,,, ' • ' l . Wherewith the earth liftiouhift ------ - ---- 'Eyen in Fancy's wildest dreams Can aught more glad be found. • EME . Oh ! 'twere indeed:p radlrnt world; • A pdiiticlise complete,— . • So redolent : of lovely things, • So filled with voices sweet,— if Sin had not in evil hour.:. - 1 • Enter'd - this . pleasant clime, Yielding theM over unto Death,— Sad consequence of crime! $6541 63& Hence is it that the choicest flow're Fall by a swift decay, ' And hopes to which we to - tally cling. • Pass suddenly away: . Yet'mid all trials of our This blessed thought is gives, Earth is nut our abiding place,— Man's native clime is Heaven 1 12/SOC3aI/.1:83as LETTER FROM PROFESSOR DUBBIN, •Niriss . ; December 24, 1842. Ml' DEAR Dn. SEWALL :—I send you it letter, not because you need informatiotiof our ,movements in Europe, fo — r your son keeps you informed, of these; but rather as a te s t i mo ny of my deep sense of :your many acts -of kindness to me, and also to say, how much pleasure 1 have enjoyed, and how much I haVe profited in travellag abroad -with the -three ,young gentlemen who have accompanied me. We have been a little society, and have bid defiance to ennui, hesitancy in our rao' vements, or doubt of success. Few parties have ac complished so .much in so short a time, because we travel for information, not for • pleasure. I have faithfully followed the advice you - were so kind as to give me respecting a journal. I fear I have made it too copi pus ; for I judge I have already 800 or 1,000 pages, in which I have written out the facts and reasonings which itiatme the opinions and conclusions to which 1 have come. I have interspersed sketches .of men, society and scenery, connecting them . with the policy, causes, and history to which they are to be referred. The sketch es are condensed ansLrapid..intended_to-pre— serve the prominent points only, leaising the subordinate parts to memory. • I have-carefully studied the Catholic re-1 ligion, both as a system of faith consider ed in itself, and as an external inkitution acting upon society as such,.and • forming au integral and necessary part of the Gov eminent in Catholic countries. I have no doubt—no intelligent Protestant in Europe can doubt—but that Catholicism is gradu ally retaining its ground in Europe,*under Me direct or.indirect patronage of most,of the monarMies„ because they find it a very convenient ,and powerful Means of controlling the mass of the people through the priesthood. In Italy' and Austria the clergy , are in correspondence with the 'BishOps, and the Bishops with the Minis ters of Police. lonia Philippe . and the Church had' no friendship for each other severyears since; now they are in chase alliance; and;'With . a returning sense of religion: among the people of, France, there is a correspondMg return, of the Church to power. The ceremonies and ~decorations Of the churChce- are, arrangedio suit the slate of society,. so as M. strike• and capti• vate :the trials Of.the' Thence acquiringshe it her , influence, again,oyer two divisions. _of conummity : over,kings and rulere, hicause they need ' , her aka means of' government ; and . ovOr.the'mass of ,the lower orders, kecaosesheli 'so, ar ranged in ',her external ~ceremonies as :to Strike and :gratify theimnsesandiso:odapto -014.4he!' glactritwi..4 , 'Ontipitery, , las4q ,5ir491,....0.0,0.„00ri,)410.r,00-*40101,141; CZ gAMMESM3II gt+at ' a 'boo aetra, /VS LVS. BY A. 61. J., ZiAllitXS. the . pardou,of 'sin, atnd tilt, hope of escape in" the next world, it notiquite suricessfu: in this. ; While in Engl9ad she is acquit. ingtreat infltimico,Arnt, y greatly multi plying and. expanding, he i r external machi. nery, such as find churches and sthedrals, schools and collegest,anillihe residence of many missionary .priest; secondly, by the strange. apritoximationi of, many .of 'the clergy pr the . entablishmeif" lo :what is.es ! senl , ial to Catholicism ; but, most of .all, by the too equal division of Whigs and Tories, so as to give the Oilance of poWer,. during the last Adminiatrition, very much to 'the CathOlie' party rearesented by Mr. O'Connell; and when we remember: that the religious faith of a , Clbolic:is superior . to his political . " opiniona, while, on the contrary, .the liberal faitli.of a Protestant is subordinate to his polificsl opinions, we "shall see, the .true powef and position of the Catholic Church in .idairs of govern ment, where there are popular elections. , --- 1 m ust in justice add another, element of po - wer in which, as a Christian, I rejoice. I refer to the increasedgmorality and re.i spectability of the clergyi• . While the Church is ,cin'ijuiring power and influence with sovettekos and kings, and with the mangosof the people,-the-ed, ucated and intelligent`portion of thecom ty are much — b'etterTalreetedto wards her than . . they •weie fifty or a hundred years ago, considering 114 r puroy as a reli gious institution, itivolviq faith and. Morals simply; but they haVe-aa invincible aver sion towards her as an eiternal institution tictiog,on,so v ciety , as such, because she ef fectually destroys the Mope of 'liberty, or the spread_eLl . ibaral principles, , which this :middle intelligent,class. in Europe, cherish - almost - exclusiveir 7l'he result is, this class is.neutralized in decidedly Cath olic.cduntries;and the nobility are decjin ing. in Influence and• else numbers, be cause - the sovereign fears!them and approx imates the fitmple by the ;ntervention of the Church, "Which synipaihizee with the. highest and lowest - portions of the commu nity on the continent, but not with the intelliieut liheral class. This is .the true position of the ,Cutholie .Church at this time in decidedly Catholic countries, as in Italy and Austria; and impercepti bly increasing in semi-Catholic* countries, even where the Groverninentp are Protest ant. My remarks (Mimi apply to Russia. Norway, or Sweden, as have not visited them, and scarcely to Spain, o h) her pretr ent agitated condition. With respect to,England, I hate satisti cd-myself that she is the tidiest, wisest, - and greatest nation in the world ; but that she exhibits the extremes of poverty and wealth, destitution and comfort, depravity and 'virtue, store' strikingly tl n any Other 1 • people on earth. Slim lots aegidied her maximum of dciuriuiuu and pm\ er, hut, baying ti strotm and well •estalilished Gov ernment, she will lona maintain her (limey: Much ..f her-recess is to he ;Is t-Tibetl to the character i her pi uple : ti w Anglo-Saxons have always liven eminent for enterprise and : hence, whiie France is speculative, and discovers -gri at principles, anc:_ts,t,lomtent.simpiy with their. discovery, England applies them in prac tice, which renders them productive ; while Germany is metaphysical. and sog gests splendid thoughts And thcoies, Eng land holds fast what 'ages of good sense have settled in morals and theology, But I have said tlfat .Eln,gland hau attain ed her maximum of ‘lealth and power.— will appear, when we consider her external and internal history since the cur mencement.of this century. Fifty ago mac unery was scarcely used at all to produce maw:factures, and England was the only nation that possessed, it and the skill to use it. .upon the pacification of Europe in . 181 6, the continental _nations were,exhausted by the long' and destruct: ive wars of Napoleon, while England's soil had not tasted one drop of b100d... The consequence was, she immediately became the manufactures for the world ; & the distribution of her goods vastly aug- mented her mercantile marine and extend ed her commerce. Of course, all nations sent their coin to her to buy her manufac: tures; which they could not produce- for want' of machinery, skill, and .hands; the first two of which Engrand prohibited frpm leaving her soil, and the latter remained with her because it was for their interest. When,the continental nations and the U. States' also were nearly exhausted of their coin and bullion, and sought to land in grain and raw material, she in stituted the corn laws, and other customa , to protect her own' agricultural interests, and compel money still' to flow to ' her in return for manufaCtures. This policy con- nued compelled other nations to -institute manufambriel also, and, in order to switain thern, to enact tariff laws after the exam ple, of .England, and the free ,crenmunies lion with different nations diffused machi- - nery and mechanical skill ' ', until other na tions now have in these respects an equnli. 1 ty with Englan4anit in ,paint of cheap- 1 , kt, flees of living a d iff customs i3veritt have liti idieniage 0 her.. , ~, ,iifiefses . 0 erasing abroa, itiiiep ro Aingiitiqo ~.-:,,,—<,,,..... . ,_, , ~., .:: milks, which now agitate England and the Continent. In',England 'the manufac turing Interest created . .a ,new and large populetitin, peCulier to itself, •sici sudden] collected, and so densely and - promiscu- , ously• crowded and lodged, as to be de structive of health, but more 'particUlarly of morals, decency, and frugality: : This population recinired to be fed, and hence the ` increased '7:consumption . of food aug mented, the demand and raised the,renes of land from 25 to 500 per•cent.- The result 'is, when trade fails them, and they are literally starving, they. cannot melt away . into the agricultural and "trading . .masses; and thus be abSorbed and restored;:but ~.. they must gradually perish until their 'Um ber shall be reduced to•the preserrrdeinand of trade, and then .they may barely live again. But while trade--was active the manufacturing population prospered :Tido, but - as:the nation& around improved in their productions less was wanted from England; 'and , theirsuccess exceeding their own ex pectations, they very naturally conceived the - idea of reducing her' wealth, distress ing her people; and humbling her power, by excluding her manufactures. The con s. quence is, Fiance is increasing her - tariff, Germany. has entered..._extensivcly jou . a national customs union with . Prussia at its head-Fand-the-United_Statea,_by__necessity has been obliged . to increase the tariff,- am must continue it, even if tigidnst her will; and the consequence is att unprecedented Edling otrin English exportation of manu factured goods, and a. distress among her her laboring popfilatiim that has, no - paral- lel nn earth :` Alt Mid — more -thatT-I- have said may be fully proved by the "Report on the condition of the Laboring Poor" published •by authority of the HoOse of Commons, July, 1842. This .suite of thintrs in England has pro duced the -liing protracted effort to obtain a repeal of the corn laws, in which the great landed proprietors are deeply interested, because it would reduce their rents ; and , the siiire - ringlaboring—population-are, ested because it would give them bread ai a lower rate. The middle class in Eng- - hind-is-greatlY T•etiticed in numbers -arnl in- Gene° by the increase of the richeenf the rich and the poverty of the poor; for, by the general introduction of machinery for innnufaetnring: purpose, , , however onter prising and skilful a man may be, if he has not money he must simply become a part of the marhitrryof the rich mill owner,. fixed price per quaqum. ,of work or time. In merrantile•transactions it is much the' . saine, as great companies now• trans act all heavy business, and the shopping is so rut up and divided aiming, the millions that do a little, that it is a piece of great good fortune to get a run of (install' so as to save any•tliing.. Bence the extremes.of society are widening in Eitgland, and ab sorbing to themselves the middle. class; and, if things continue as they are, the re ,oilt will be that there will he but two clas ses there. the very rich and tho_ miserably poor; and I see no probability', scarcely a p,,sioility, of an alteration in this state of things..' If is true that the tloctrine of free trade,-which doubtless is the true system ab'straeteilly,is gaining ground in England ; but her past policy bas forced the other countries into a false pci4ition with respect toillis principle ; and while she may see it her interest to adopt'the free trade prin ciples, other eonntries, pa illy foe this very reason, (as Prance, for instance,) and part ly herause of their own arti s fii;iiil interests, which the policy of England for the last Cif ty‘years obliged them to create, will be minntain, their tariffs. until they are placed on equal ground With her - . of trade and commerce in Eng tand,stich as it was in 1820 and 1835,is possible -- am - aware that it is an important ques tion in Atn - erica whether this state otthings does not endanger the Government of Eng land ? -So one would judge at a distance.; but inspection in the country leads to a di ferent result.: The nobles and the crown rule by right of office ; the titled and un- titled rich rule by. influence in elections; because it is the interest of'oll men of pro perty to .support the Government. The vast amount of servi,T required in the civil and military police of thesountry,, in the army and ne.vy, togetherwith-the respect and certain pay attached iliereto,.however entail, are sufficient to enablifthe Govern ment to abstract from society ,most of the active-minded,, able-bodied men, • (not in-. eluded among the rich and noble,Land_en _ . list them in 'the pliblic service, •and thus secure them on the side of the GOvern- Mem. The remainder, the common ,peo pie who labor for , their living, have neither spirit nor force to make resistance if they desired'; nor any leaders of character, tal 'ents, "and skill to conduct them; and ;he country is so overspilled by the police,aed the system of , rails.roads radiates from the capital to every vale, so that the Govern ment in London can, know in a few.hours where the danger lies, and min concentrate `troops on the point in a few hours more, and ,before it is possible for the disaffected to have notice'of their 'coming. , All' this %,vokroalized last July and August daring the riots. - ?Pgint.l I ..' iinA i ,;. iblowitig The-Church of England .I regarded be fore I left home as the !milks arkof Protes tantism in Europe; I still so regard consider it the best possible 'model of a Church and State. Its moral and literary character, as it respects the clergy, ie high,. vastly higher than it was one hundred - or even fifty years ago. Thisis generally at tributed to the action of Dissenters and Methodists, who have also increased the actiaty ogthe church as a measure of self;. defence, fi - ecause tile piety and activity of Dissenters and Methodists were emptying the parish churches,' and of 'course bring ing the'parish clergy into contempt s r iity the common people.. They have,iecover ed greatly,_fro ;• il t and are recovering still ; 44 4 Nil:here it; at least a rela tive decline issent and Methodism.-- I do not say Tat the Dissenters and Me thmlists have declined absohdey in nuns= 'ay the church they, relative ; .sw much so, ;ye she would uence in. the the continued ity as she has' hersoctir has gainer /y, (luring that, as a nearly_ nei course of o Increase Zone for th -- Put_the alarm_which• the church took some fifteen years sinceat.the-progress of -Dissentere-and.-Methodista-producedinoth er still more remarkable result : - .lCgaVe rise to the :bitter controversy concerning the apostolic suCcosion, which the' church claimed, to the exclusion of Dissenters and Methodists ; - and'therefore would give her a Vent advantage if she could establish her Claini - and-discredit the-ordinatice_of-Dis ! •senters and Methodists, and invalidate in the eyes Orth - Tipeople.the_tiacratnents_adl_ ministered by,them. For thus they would be drawn to the church to receive the sacra ments, whiell would. be an . aCknowledg; meat of her exclusive right to administer them. This controversy produced the Ox ford Tracts by pressin,gthe validity and sacred efficiency of the sacraments only . when adminislered by the -established ehtreliiifllie-Cailioliecler,gy, whose au-• thority and ordination were originally-de rived from a common source,. Thu's - you , see the approximation of the-Tractarians to the Catholics, the latter of Whom regard it as very close, and syMptomatic of the return of England to tae true tht . irch. Dr. Wiseman, I hear, has declared .that the. ‘Vay . is °Oen on the ground of the Oxford Trims ; and Dr. Daggs, inincipal of the English college of Rome", anti Cardinal Ac ton both declared to me, in free and.pro tracted conversations, ,that these views of the Tracts were generally entertained at Rome ; hut t they added, the attOors did not intend to bring the English church to Roman but to essential Catholicism, for the double purpose.' of gratifying".the yearnings of the English mind for Catholic truths," and for resisting Dissent and thodism. It will readily occur to you that these same questions have' been' and are yet to he still more earnestly pressed in America between Protestant Episcopalians find-all-sects with Presbyteriah ordination, among wheat are the Methodists, BtiptistS, and German Reformed churches. I ought to add, the church of Rome dons -not ad mit the validity of the ordination of the church of England, although England ad mits the validity of Catholic Ordination. No country 'has interested mil more ban lteland. She is, a problem in socie y 37'et to be solved. .With a general desti ntion that has no parallel in Europe, she has increased in population for the last fifty years in-.proportion much faster than a v' other European.. country; while, at the same time, she has parted with millions of her ohildren by enlistmehts in the army and navy, and by emigration •to the col onies and foreign ).States.._ . l'his..fact of the rapid increase of her population, with the general absence of the comfortable means of subsistence and residence, is directly at variance With what has been considered a settled -law in political economy, that the increase of population is in proportion to the means of subsistence. 'I passed through the length of the island, and made a little volume of notes-and reasonings; and finally came to this conclusion: that early mar riages (girls generally marry at , from four- - teen to seventeen } were owing, -not io a natural--improvidence of the Irish, but to! -the utter hopelessness of improving their Condition preparatory to marriage, Hence .they follow the first Sudden impulse of youthful passion in order to secure the, longer continuance -of pleasure -which-'can- not-be improved by delay. If the inquiry he, why cannot they improvotheir condi tion ? the answer is, the land is' held most ly in largnitraote,by absentee proprietors, and the demand for it is so great ;, owing the density ofthe populatiOn, and the rent so high, (much higher ,in proportion than' that the family can scarcely meet its payment while.they live ort potatees.. , believe 'they eufliciencyhave a and' I . was 'strongly inclined to, jump to the conclusion' - that` potato diet ie favourable to the production. ae well ;is to' the 'eusteitancei t 'Of . ti tins population.',• - •: • , ~„,. .thatl y'..l ll4 t:ki?"tltiO pf ife*l4" , :fl4.i*aris., 490, ilnismorie firtnieMlNE .2taEga meet by the !nether country, but from an overgrown pOpUlation ;;from large 'landed eittatee,Alvided of- from a half to ten or twenty , acres, at exorbitant rents ; hem the absence of the proprietor in England, to' whom, the rent is sent to be spent in London, or in travelling on the Continent ; and to Catholicism, which,. from its. very 'genii* is leia. friendly to• imprOvement and :industry than Protestan... tient. This -is evident by a comparison of the North and South of Ireland. To re move, therefore, the ills of Ireland; would require an exertion ..of the .G,overnmentin the Violation of vestedrighte,by compelling the diViaioTh of large lancled•eataies ; and. the ceminon right*Of citizenship, by com. , 'pelling• the proprietors to.,reside in-the coun try, and 'improve it by the product of (heir eitatesarge landed - estates in entail and hereditary titles.. of nobility are the' true sources of the miseries of Europe; yet the Irish are. the most gay 7 spirited and . cheerful people I have seen ; and both the population and the . country, under a right policy and free' system of ,govern` ment,, for which they could be prepared in half a century by a good System of public, instruction,-might be ,made . equal to any , in the world. _ I.rititen - dert.) 'have said something - of- - I France,- Germany,- and - Italy ;Aut2l---must----, postone these until I see you. • Having said so.much shout policy, ettlichis -- . gov ernment, dr,r, I will-add, I have been much . interested in studyini — the condition and , progress of aociety;• in dfrerent, centuries and countries, in the remains of art and ruins of edifices' found every : where in Europe. I cannot recount content myself by sirnply iefering to Rome, which is a wonder, and is itself tiorth* • visit 6)- Europe: In its remains you may see thu legitimate influence - of absolute monarchy, as under the kings, when the • ' imperishable Cloca Maxima was prndu. • ced, only one hundred and fifty years from the foundation of the city. of the Republic, — when utility. prevailed and produced no imperishable monuments '; and under the Empire, when Rome was made,: and has bequeathed, to the - World her ruined palaces; arches,. .amphitheatres, temples, tomes of such magnitude and strength' as to haVe•been and continues to be impregna ble.fortresSe3,.collisetom &e.—the evidences of concentrated power and - wealth untrietidd - - ly to the hapineis and liberty of‘the people; • yet ea dazzling to them as to steal away their freedom and substance by gratifying their senses with. splendor and sports: . So. the' baronial castles of the middle ages' perched on hills, while 'the towns nestled under their beetling towers, clearly declare the state of society that prevailed then. ' Ibeg your pardon for not referring to the cause -of temperance, or the state of medicine;_ of . the last I am no judge, and of the former, you May have seen a letter which I ivrote to Carlisle. And as I can not write to all the friends I have she plea. sure of claiming, you have my permission to share this with them in any , way you judge best. You ,may likewise say to them that we shall probably be in Palesd tine when you and they are reading this, having seen Greece and Constantinople, and on our way to Egypt; and then, for - home. My kindest regards to each memo • her of your As ever, yours,' J. P. DURBIN. years. . THE CHARM OF WomAx.---There were .many defects in her character, but beauty and gentle manners in the great estimate of woman, go far towards supplying their want of energy and evea_their2aant-of-heart It is as a wife that these defects appear and 'grow upon the disappointed husband,. like the frightful. figures exhibited by a Magic Lantern ; increasing in hideousness as they increase-in magnitude and distinct- , ness. It is when the doming lover begins to . suspectthat the silent caldhe had hither , to mistaken for maidon shyness,is in reality the silence of the soul—the calm 6f im perturbable stagnation; when.lus discovers . that he has devoted hiefirst and best affee• thins to a beautiful marble statue ; when he returns to his home, which ought to be ever sunny place," and finds nothing' but the yawning vacaney of a cold and cheerlees void; when he pours hie fresh warm feelings that burst in unstudied:lan, Iguage from his burning lips upon the stony' surface ef_an insensible heart—and -",that:• heart a woman's !—it is then that he shrinks ' back repelled and blasted, as if the blootw• lug charms he once adored were exchang. ed. for deformity and horror. - Oh it is by the secret fountain netters& changing love—Ate well of inexhaustible . refreshment in the desert—the rose that blooms forever beneath the Sunshine done beloved eye—the voice that raises in a 'con., tinned strain of melody , above the discord . ' of the worl&.--the bird of beauty, who% faithful wing is never folded'siee in itsonns sheltered nest. The pre unsullied streetr. , offering sweetness and Melody to 'ererjr . ; l bosom, it meetS,' but reserving the fill Midi` :::: o f its 'eladriese '„ for, One t—it.ie mystical symbols .'se these that *O. would . deeeribe the , natural, the distinctive. that= " of. woman i—not , by her perfeet,fOrffii : hlif ruby lips, her4parkling eyes, orlier:Pret.,:, tresses, whether tlieyranjnr4Yek:lsollll:;l;,'' onileroarblo brow':Or glitter in the sun a ,
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers