PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE.
• • •••
Tu the Senate and Holiee - of. 1? epresentativeri
of
. , ,
. . _ the piotea , maw. . :
We have empinuedyeason to entrees our pro.
f•iund gratitude to the, great Creator of all things
.for numberless benefits conferredl upon. us as a
People. Blessed 'with-, genial seasoner , the bus..
bandman liaS his 'garners filled with ahundance;
and thenecessaries oflifeoiht to'speak of its luxu.
tr ries, abound in every direction. While in some
'other nations steady and industricit4 -labor can
• hardly find the means ofzuheistence, the great
, • est evil behiclif We have to enconnter, is a surplus
• of preduction beyond the borne demand, which
• , , eeeke : ;"and'With iliflieulty finds, a partial market
in other'region's; The health of the country,with
• partial exceptions, has, for the past year,
.been
Welt preserved - ; and undertheir free and ;wise in
• stitotions, the United Stated are re Pidly,ariva ncing
towards the . tom-emlation .of the high destiny
Which an overruling -Providence seems to have
• Smirked out fiir thein.• Exempt. from domestic
• convulsion amid at peace with all the world; we are
' left free to consult as to tholbest means of occur
.
• ing and advancing the happiness of the .People.
Buell sire the ciretinistanous wider which you new,
• hirseniblc your, respective ellen - there, and which
lshould Iced us Moltke iii praise and thanksgiving
• to that great Being' who made us, and who pre
series ye a Idian.
- I ebegratulate you. fellow-citizens, on the hap
.
• by.cliange hi the aspect ofpur &reign afiliirs since
• . my last annual Message. Caliegi of-complaint at
that time existed between the United States and
. „ Great Britain, which; attended by irritating Mr
.
Cinnstances, threatened most seriously the public
'peace.. Thu difficulty - of adjusting
.uni ica lily the
• , " .'questions at issue between the two countries,was,
- • in'nb small degree, augmented ,by the !lips of
'time-since they had their origin. -The opinions
.'entertisined by the Executive on several of the
leading topics in dispute, were frankly Set forth
in the Message at• the opening of,your lute SCA.
.sion. • The rippeintinen tof a special - minister by .
• - • Great Britain to the U. States with power tnnego
..
Mate upon must of the points of did'erence t
• 'cated - a -desire- on:- her -part- amicably-to adjust
•thern, and that minister was met by the &Well
. '-tiVO in the same spirit which had dictated his mit].
'sion. The Treaty, consequeift • thereon, having
:been duly ratified by the two Governments, a copy,
'together with the COI respondence which aecoin
, panied it, is, herewith„communicated. I trust
`that whilst:you may see in it nothing objection.
' - able, it .may be the means of preserving, for an
indefinite perind, the amicable relations happily
• existing between the two Governments. The
. .question offienee or war la:tweet/111e United States_
' 'and Great Britain, is a question of the deepest in
. 'terest not only to theniselvee, but the civilized
wallil,a't`ncelt is reedy poiiiiibliTtliat a war could
'exist between them without endangering the peace
.• -of Christendom. The iinniediate effeer'of the
'`Treaty upon ourselves will be felt in the security
'afforded to mercantile enterprise, which,no longer
apprehensive °lintel ruption,adventifres its sreu.
'bilious in the most distant sea; arid, freighted
• • 'With the diversified, prodnetions of every land ; re--
' :turns to bless our own.' There is nothing in the
Treaty which,
in the slightest - degree, comin•omits
the honor - or dignity of either nation. Next to
'the Settlementof the boundery line, which mtist
• ;• • alwaye be a matter of difficulty between States as
between question which seemed
"to threaten the greatest embarrassment, was that
'connected with the African slave trade. • _
By the • 10th artiele'of the'Treaty or Ghent, it
was expressly declared that 'whereas the triadic
;in slaves is. irreconcilable with the principles of
. , litllnanity aunt justice ; and whereas both His Ma
! - • -., jeaty and the - Ueited States are &mous of "Con: .
• . tinning their efforts to proinote its obeli
'lion, it is hereby agreed that both the contracting
+partieisliall use their best endeavors to accom.
• 'plish Co desirable an object." In the enforcement
. of the laws the trelity'slipulations of Great Brf
tain, a practice had threatened to grew' up on the
• • part a its cruisers of subjecting - to visitation
ships sailing .under the American flag, iviiich,
while it seriously involved our maritime rights,
would subject to vexation a 'branch of our trade
which was daily increasing, and which required
- the fostering care of the Government. And al.
though Lord Aberdcen,in his correspondence with
the American EnVoys, at London, expressly die.
• +claimed all right to detain tin American ship on
the high seas,even if found with a cargo of slaves
on board, and restricted the British pretension to
n mere claim to 'Visit and enquire, yet it could not
well be discerned by the Executive of the United
States how such visit and enquiry could be made
without detention on the voyage, anil consequent
;interruption to the trade. It was regarded as the
Yight of search, presented only in a new form,
espressed In eiffereht words ;,and I therefiye
[felt it to lie my duty distinctly to declare, in my
annual message to Congress, that no such con
cession] could be made, and that the United States
had both the will and the ability to enforce their
n laws and to protect their Hag its
,
own , g from beirm'
.cd for purposes wholly forbidden by those laws,
-and obnoxious to the moral misty° of the world.
. '7`aking, the Message as his letter of instructions,
our then Minister et Paris felt himself 'required
to assume the same ground iii a remonstrance
which he. felt it to be his duty to present to M.
Cuizot, and through him to the ICing of the
French, against what has been called the Quin.
tunic treaty; and his conduct, fu this respeet,met
with the approval•of this Go'verninent. In close
' ' conformity with theseviews, the eighth article of
the Treaty wasfrained, which provides that: 4l ;o'o
nation shall keep afloat 1.1 the African seas a force
not less than eighty gime, to act separately and
' .apart, under instructions from their respective
'Governments, and tier the enforcement of their
'respective - laws and obligations." . Front this it
twill be seen that the ground assumed iu the files.
'sage has heen fully Maintained, at the same tiine
'that the stipulations of the Treaty of Ghent are,
;to be:carried out in good faith' by the two Cann_
'tries, and that all pretence is removed for inter.
ferenee with our commerce for any purpose what.
lover by a foreign Government. While, therefore,
'the UnitediStateshaveheell.-starrding( up Ille
‘freednirref the as, they have not thought proper
to make that.a pretext for avoiding a fulfilment of
• . Treaty stipulutions,or a ground fur giving
•CS - ourrtenanceio aitrade reprobated by ourlaws.
• similar arrangement by the other great powers,
could not fail to sweep - from the, ocean the Slave
* ;trade, without theinterpolation Of any new prin.
'ciple into file ineritline code. We may lie permit_
'ledto hope - that - the example thus set will be fol
lowed. by some; if notall of them. We thereby
:also afford suitable, protection to the fair trader in
'those seas, tins fulfilling et the same time the
dictates of it domed policy, 'and complying with
'the claims of justice and humanity.
, It would have furnished additional cruise for
'congratulation, if the Treaty could have embiac.
• 'ed all subjects calculated in future to lead to a
'inisunderstantlin,y, between the two Governments.
The territory °Me Unitedfitates„ commonly call.
ed the Oregon Territory, onr• the r Pacifie:
'Ocean, north of the 4211 d degree of latitnde, to a
; portion of which Great Britain lays claim, begins
;to attract the attention of our fullow.citizens, and
:the tide of population which •lia's rechilined what
' ' was'so lately do unbroken wilderness, in more con
' Itiguouii regions, is preparing to How over those
'vast districts which stretch from the Rocky Menu
- lallittf the Pacific Ocean. In advance of the ac.:
.quircrnonts of individuals' rights to these lands,
.'sound policy dictates that every effort should be
. 'restarto.lo ny the two Governments to settle their
4eSpective claims.' It became inaeifest, at an
•i3drly, hone of the late negotiations, that •dn'y at.
Aorript fbr the lithe hoing satisfactorily to deter.
Iminethosetlglits, would lead to a protracted dis.
icussion, which might embrace In its failure other,
..'incirepressing matters, andtho Executive did not
'regard it ryilproper to wave all rho ay/intim-of
am "honorable 'adjustment of Other difficulties of
gicat'ilitignithile+and importance, because this,
• , 'nerticilititnedintely*nressing, stood in the way:
diffietilty 'referred to may not for
Several Yetis IC ,come involve 'the peace' of the
two couritriekititq' shall 'Mit delay :th:tirge.on
Great Britain thelmp.ortaneu elite early settle.
•• nients: 'Nee will: other matters of'cominereial
importance tee the , tWo 'countries • be overlooked ;
bind') havereud reason to buliovo that it will cent. jiortwills sine policy Of England, as"it does With
-
that of -. the United States, hi' seize upp,n 'this mo:
.;•., Ooet.of tho, cantles of irritation have
tii'eapient.the peace:and OniVorthe
• 41tr,u'cintritrtea V,•wligety twinning all grounds of
flOure . , ..• .•
• •,:•,•WitliAlie other powers of Europe our relation's
ntottio ou tlie.most anneablefooting. Trestles
• Ittneitt..ititing..)vith thointihould yobsorit
,-,,'"oo4atitittveryop_pottunilY;,ectapatiblo with the in.
• 4 tet e irtsr of thellnited. Statusi should bo seized Mt.'
, taint° ettlargellic-balpii of coinmereiatinterrourso.
•'"Peace witltalttho work] la thetrue•fetimlStionin'
thiattracticci 91:cryptil and'inMartial
• , ga-.''.913r greet,,desire 11,Itoltl 'Jul to enterinio that.
!rivalry which look's tothe
.general good,- in the'
tcultivation of the scieneort,the,enlargannerrijof the
"field rer-the - cse of the mechanical arts., nd
the spread O ommerce, 4
r c 114 treat ciyilizert—to;
.:every land and sea.' , Criiefully*betaining froinlM ,
terferelte'ih ell questierie exeluaively referring
themselves to the politicalintere'staief EurePe;we
maybe permitted to hope.forliii,!oqual exemption.
from the interference of European Governments,
in what relates to the Statesoif the AniericanCon,
tinbnt. .
"Ontliii 23d - of Alitillast;theConimissioners on'
the. partfof:the United States ' mider.the : conven-.
tion with the NexiCan Repub lic, of the 11th of
April, 1839,%nitide to the proper department a final'
report in relation to the proCe,edings . of. the com
mission. From this it appears that the, total a.
mount awarded lci the claimants by the commis
sioners and the-umpire apPointed trader that eon
vent ion,was two millions twenty-six thousand and
seventy-nine dollars and ,iiixty-eight. come: •The
arbiter having considered that his functions were
required by 'the -Convention to terminate
.at.the
Same time wit'.,thO'se of the tommissiorkers; re
turned to the beard, undecided for. Want or time,
chains which had been allowed by the American
Commissioners, to the amount , of nine hundred
and twenty-eight ilionsund six hundred and tvien:
ty dollars and eighty-eight cerits. Other claims,
in which the amount Sought.to he recovered was
-three millions three hundred and thirty-six thous
and eight hundred and' thirty-seven dollars and
five cents, wore submitted. to the beard too laic for
its consideration. The Minister of the U. States
at Ille,xico, has been duly authorized to make del.
mend for the pay -Anent of the:awards according to
the terresof_the Convention, and the provisions of
the act of Congress of the 12th of June, 1840.--P
He has also been, instructed to cominnnicate to
list Government the expectations of the Govern
ment of the U. States 'in relation -to those claims ,
which were not disposed of neficirding to the pro : .
visions of the convention, and all others of Citizens
of the .United States kgainsi thc Mexican Govern
ment.
.
• •
He .has also been furnished with othei instruc
tions, to be followed by him in case the:Game,
inent of Mexico should not find herself in a condi
tion to make present payment of the amount of
the awards, in specie or its equivalent.
I am happy to be able to say that information
which is esteemed favorable, both to a just satis
faction of the aivards, and u• reasonable provision
Gar other claims, has been recently received (roam
Mr. Thomps'on, the Minister of the United States,
who has promptly and efficiently executed the in
structions of his Government in regard to this im
portant subject. • ,
• The citizens of the United IS.tates . who impom
mulled the late Texan-expeditiortito Santa Fe,aridi
who were wrongfully taken and held as prisoners
of war in Mexico, have all been' liberated.
A correspondence has taken place between the
Departniem of State and the Mexican Minister of
Fbreign Affitirs, upon the complhint of Mexico
thatnitizens-oftlie .United-States-were-permitted . -
to give aid to the inhabitant 3 of Texas in, the war
existing between her and that .Republic. ; Copies
of this correspondence arc herewith communicat
ed to Congress, together with copies olletterS on
the same subject, addressed to the Diplomatic
Corps at Mexico, by the American Minister and
the Mexican Secretary of State. . • -
Mexico bah thought proper to reciprocate the
. mission of the United States to that Government
by accrediting to this a Minister of the rank
as that of the repreSentittiVe of •the United States
in Mexico.' From the circumstances,connected
with his mission, favorable results are anticipated
from it. It is sthobvieusly for the interest plboth
countries as neighbours and friends that all just
causes of mutual dissatisfaction should be
.remov
ecl, that it is to be hoped neither,will omit or delay
' the employment of any practical and honorable'
means to accomplish that end.- •
The offaira_pe ad ing.betWeen_. this. Government
and Several others of the States of this hemi
sphere formerly under the dominion of Spa imlia vo
again, within the gist year, been materially oh
strueted by the military revolutions and conflicts
in those countries: . •
The ratifications of dm Treaty between the U.
States mid the Republic of Ecuador,, of the nth of
june;lB39, have been exchanged, and that bistro.
went has been dilly promulgated on the part of
this.governincnt. Copies are now communicated
to Congress with .a-view to enable that body. .to
make suclechanges in the-lotus applicable to our
intercourse'with that republic, as may be deemed
requisite,
Provision hag-been made by the government of
Chili for the payment of the.claim on account of
the illegal delention of the brig Wariior at Co
imintho, in 1820. This cmverninent.haa reason,
to.expect that ocher claims of our citizens against
Chile, trill be hasCcncd to a final and satisfactory
dose.
The Empire of Brazil has not been altogether
exempt froth - those convulsions which so constant.
ly afflict the neighboring republics. Disturhan.
cds which recently broke out, are however, now
understood, to be quieted. But these occurrences,
by threatening the stability of the governmentS,
or by causing incessant and . violcnt changes in
them, or in the persons who administer thcm;tend
greatly to retard. provisions for a just indemnity
for losses lllldliijiirids suffered by individual sub,
jects.or citizens of other States. The Government
of the United States will feel it to ho its ditty, how
ever, to consent to no delay, not unavoidable,
making satisfaction for wrong s and injuries , sus:
tamed by its own citizens. Many years having,
in Mlle cases, elapsed, a...decisive and effectual
course of proceeding will be demanded of the re.
spective governments against whom clainis have
been preferred. -
Thc vexatious, harassing and expensive war
which
,soJong prevailed with the Indian tribes in
habiting the peninsula of Florida, has happily
been terminated; Whereby our army has been re
lieved. from a service
,of the most disagreeable
character, and (lie Treasury front a large,expen
diture. Sonic easivil outbreaks may occur, such
as arc incident to the close proximity of border
settlers and the Indians, but these, as in all other
crises, maybe left (stile care of the local anthori
ties, aided, when ocensieu may require, by, the
finces attic United States. A sufficient number
of troops will be maintained in Florida, so lofigas
the remotest apprehensions of danger-shall-exist;
"Yet their deficit will be,. limited rather to the gar
risoning of the necessdry posts, than to the main
tenance of active hostilities. It is to be hoped
that a territory, so long retarded in its grrwth,
will now speedily recover from the evils incident
ta.a protracted war, eibibiting,i in the increased
amount of its rich productions, true evideneett •of
returning wealth and prosperity. By the practice
of rigid justice towards the numerous Indian
tribes residing within our territoriallintits, and
the exercise of a partmtal vigilance over their in
terests, protecting them against fraud and intro.
sion, and at the Hanle time using every proper es •
pedient to introduce among them the arts of civil=
ized life, we may fondly hope riot only to wean
them from their love for war, but to inspire them
with a love for peace and all its avocations. With
several of the tribes great progressin civilizing
them has already been made. The schoolmaster
and tho. missionary arc found side by eide,and the
renniUts of what were once numerous and pow
erful nations may yet bo preserved as the builders
up of a ,new name for themselves 'and their pos
terity.
The halance.in the Treasury on the Ist ofJun
nary, 1842, (exclusive of the ainonet deposited
with the States, Trust Funds and Indemnities)
was $230,483 68. The receipts into the Trensu l s,
ry during the three first quarters, of the present
year, fronTiffsourecs, amount to 02 - 6,616,593 8 . 1.1
of which more than fourteen millions were receiv
ed front customs, arid - abmit - one million from - the
public lands. The receipts for the fourth quarter
are-estimatcd at nearly eight millionJ; of which
four millions are expected }from customs, and three
millions and a half from Loans and Treasury
notes. The expendititres of the first three 'par r .
to of the present year exceed twenty-six mil
lions; and those estimated for the fourth quarter
amount to• about eight' millions; and it is antici
pated there will be a deficiency of half, a million
on, the Ist ofJanuarY next . -:--but that the amount
of outstanding warridts (estimated at 8800,000)
will leave.an actual balance of about $224,060 in
the' Treasury. 'Anintil; tho expenditures of
year, arc • tnore than eight millions for the public
debt, and $600,0Q0 on account of the distribution
.
to the States. ttf‘' the proceeds' of the pales of the
public lands. '" • , .
The present tariti . of duties was somewhat has
tily and hurriedly passed near the e‘loso of the
late session of Congress. That it shotild have de.
fepts, can, therefore, be surprising to no one. To •
remedy such 'defbcts OS may be found to 'exist in
many s r it s itumbrcusi.provisions, will not - fail to
claim your serious attention: • It may well merit
engttiry,'whethei. the exaction Oa duties in cash
does'Oot call 'for the introduction of a system
which Iftut,„ proved highly, beneficial- in countries
,where Willis been adopted. I refer to the Ware.
hotteing ;System. The &it and most prominent
vaTuot-lvliich . lLwould prod nee. wo u to. prbteet
the.markdt alit c ageing( •redundaitt Or. deficient,
'nstil:llion of foreign fabrics--=both of which,, in the .
long rim, are •injuriOus as well to die manufac.
tureras„the importer. The quantity of goods in
`stOre being at' all 'times yeadiliknown,it.would
enable AClMporter,with an approach to accuracy,
in ascertain the hctufih wants of the Marketiand
to regulate himself accordingly. If, heWtiverihe.
should-fall . into errcir;bYlioporting an. excess a-
Kiva tli4ublie wants,: he 'eouldreadily norrodtits,
evillihy,availine!hirnielf the bonefitaand ad
vantages'ef the system thus established. In the
storehouses the goods imported would await the
- oinands of the market, and their issues would be
governed by thd , fixed principles , ordemand and .
supply.. Thus an approximation would ,ho Made'
to a steadiness and uniformity of price which, if
.attainnble, Vreuld Condom:l - to thrideeitied advan
tage oUntoreantile and mechanical operations.. -
The
.apprehensien may be-well entertained that
viithoutsoidething to ameliorate the rigor of posh
poyinents t theentire iniporttrade may fall into the
hands of a few wealthy. capitalists in this cam
try, and in • Europe.• The small - importer, who.
requires all tho.money he ean raise for invest
ments abroad, and who can but ill afford to pay.
the-lowest duty, would have to aubduct in advance
a' purti - on of his funds in order:to pay the duties,
and would lose the interest upon the emountthus
paid for all the time the goods mightremain 'en.
sold, Which might absorb his profits. The rtch
capitalists abroad, as.well as athonne, would thus
pea:teas, after a short time,.an almost exclusive•
monopoly of the import trade, and laws designed
for the benefit of all, would thus operate fair the
benefit of the few,--,a result wholly uncongenial
with the spirit of Our-institutions,Ond anti.repub.
lican in all its tendencies. -.The Warehousing,
System would enable the importer to watch the
Market, rid.to select his own Ulna . for oftiring
his goods for sale. -A profitable .portion of the
carrying trade in articles entered_ for the benefit
of drawback, Brest ilia be seriously affeeted,with
-outtlie adoption 6? some expedient to relieve the
cash system.' The. Warehousing System would
afford that ; relief, since dui earner,. would have a
safe recourse to the public store-houses,and'might,
without advancing the duty, re:ship within some
rensooable per ied to foreign ports. A further ef.
feet-of-the Measure would'be to supersede thc.sys.,
tem of drawbacks, thereby effectually proteeting
the Government against fraudens the right-of de-.
bentnyo would hot attach to goods after tfieir with
drawal from the public stores.
'ln revising the - existing tariff of cluties, - sheuld
you deem it proper to do ea at your present ses
sion, I can only repeat tire suggestions and re
commendations which, upon several occasions; I
have heretofore ft:IUL to be'my duty to offer to
Congress. The great, primary and eontroling in
terest of .the American People is union union
not 'Only in the mere forms Of govermitent, forms
which may be broken—but onion founded in an
attachments of StatCs -and individuals for each
Other. This union in sentiment and ?cling can
only be preserved-by the adoption of that course
of polieywhich, neither giiing exclusive laMefits
to sonic, nor imposing mineeessary burdens upon
--othersi-shall- consult-the - interests-OE- a lk-by - per=
suing n cOurse'of moderation, and thereby seek.
ing to•harmonize public- opinion,,and causing the
People every where 10-feel and to know' that tlid
Government is comfit, of interests of all
Nor is there any subject in regard to which moder.
. anion, connected with a wise diserinnination, is
Mom necesiiary than in -the imposition of' duties .
. on imports., Whether reference be had to revenue,
the primary object in the impositiVa ,taxes, or
to the incidents which necessdrily_ flow:cram their
imposition, this is entirely true. Extravagant
Mule's defeat their, end and object, not only by,ex.
citing in 'the public mind an hostility to the manu
facturing interests,. but by inducing a system of
smuggling on an extensive seale,and.the.praetiee
of every manner of fraud upon the revenue,whieb
the utmost vigilance of Government cannot. effec
-tually suppress. An opposite course of policy
•Would be attended by results essentially- different;
of-which-every interest of societyond-none Inure
than these . of the manufireturer, 'Would reap im
portant advantages. Among the must striking, of
its benefits would be that derived'frorn the gener
al acquieseenee"of the Country in ituntipport;and
the consequent-permanency and stability which
Would be given to all the operations of industry.
It cannot_be too often repeated, tfiittliltiCiintySktiftif
legislation canine wise which is 7flueitintting and
uncertain. No interest earn thrive under it. The
prudent capitalist will never adventure his capital
in manufacturiing establishments, or in any other
lending pursuit of life, if there exists is state of
uncertainty as to whether the Government will re;
peal tomorrow what it has enacted to-day. Fit
ful profits, however high, if threatened with a
ruinous reduction by a vacillating policy onr the
part of Government, will scarcely tempt hinn to
trust the money Which-ire Inns acquired by a life
of labor, upon the uncertain adventure. I, there
fore., n the spirit of conciliation, and influenced
by no other desire than to reseuelhe great inter
ests of the country from the vortex of political
contention, and in the discharge of the high and
solemn duties of the place winch I now occupy,
recommend moderate ditties impn-l'ed 'with a wise
discrimination as to their several objects, as being
not only most likely to be (tumble, lent 11/0.51.
vantageous to every intere s t of society. .
The report of the Secretary of the IYar Depart
.-meat exhibits a very full and satisfactory. account
of the various and important interests committed
to the charge of that officer. It is "'particularly
gratifying to find that the expenditures for the
military service are gre..tly reduced in mount—
that a'striet system of economy has been intro
duced into . the service, and tire abuses of past
years greatly reforined. t The fortifications on our
maritime frontier have been prosecuted with much
vigor, and at 'many points our defences arc in a
very considerable state of forwardness. The
suggestions in reference to the establishment of
means Of communication with our territories on
the Parific; and to the surveys so essential to a
knowledge of the resources of the. immediate
country, me entitiptirollie•most favorable coin.
sideration. While •I would propose .nolltinnr
in
,consistent with friemily negeti-„tions to settle the
extent of 'our claims in that region, yet a prudent
forecast points out the necessity of such measures
as may enable us to maintain our rights: The ar
rangements made for preserving our neutral rela
tions on the boundary bet:A-cell us and Texas,and
keeping in check the Indians in that rmarter, will
to-nt so. long- ei roams tatters - may - re:
quire.
• For several years angry contentions have grown
out of the dispoSition.directed by lam.' to be made
of• the mineral lands held by the Government in
several of the States. The Government is con
stituted the landlord, and the citizens of the States
wherein lie the lands, are its tenants. The relit.
[ion is an unwise ant,-and it Would bemuch more
conducive of the public interest that a sale of the
hinds should he'inade than that they should re
main in their present condition. The stipply ot.
tho ore would be snore abundantly and certainly
furnished when to be drawn front the enterprise
and the industry of the proprietor, than under the
present system. •
The recomnicnilation of the Secretary in re.
Bard to the improvements of the Western waters
and certain prominent harbors oh the Lakes,
merits, and I doubt not will receive, your serious
Attention. The great importance of these subjects
to the prosperity of the extensive region referred
to, 4 end the security of the whole country in time
Of war, cannot escape observation.
.The losses of
life and- property- which annually occur in the
navigation of the Mississippi alone, make a loud
demand upon 'Congress for the, adoption of clii.
eient measures for their removal.
• The report of-the Secretary of tho 'Navy -will .
bring yeiu acquainted with that important branch
- Of - the-putffic defendes. Considering the already
vast and dailrinervexiLig commerce, of the coun
try, apart front the exposure - la-hostile- inroad-of
an extended seaboard, all that relates to the Navy
is calculated to excite particular attention. What:
ever tends to add to its efficiency, without entail.
'lug unnecessary charges upon the Treasury, is
well worthy of your serious consideratiOn,
will be seen that while-ah appropriation 'exceed,
ing by less tharia millidb the appropriations. of
the present year,.l44lslccd by . the Secretary, yet
that-in this sum is proposed to be incluilyolCu e
000, for the purchase, of clothing, which,When
once expended, will be annually, reimbursed by
thesale of tho clothes , and-will thus constitute a
_ . .
perpetual fund, without any, new appropriation to
the' safiniobjeet. To this may also be added 85(4:
000, asked to recover the arrea rages: of past xcars,
arpl 13450,090 in order, to maintain a competent
squadrOn'on the coast of Africill all of Which;
ivhentdoduoted, will reduce the expenditures near.:
within the lirnits of those of the current year.—
While, hoWevOr;" tho expenditures will thus re'-
main very nearly tile's's= - ns of the antecedent
year, it is proposed to add'greatly to tho operations
of the Marine, arid in lieu ofonly 20 ships mem::
mission, and but little in the.way °thudding, to
keep, with the sanierexponditurc,forty•one vessels
afloat, and. to build twelve ships of a small eleis.
A strict systdin of aceouranbility is :establish:
ed; and grth4 pains aro taken to insure industry,
fldolitrand ecenciiiiy,in every department of du
ty.--EFporiments_licive_been_instituted to test..the
9ual i ty .of ;ritriuu s.m ate rials, particularly copper y
troll, 'and cosh , so netdpromcst fragict asid .invo.
All , '. • . —,. . - •
,It will'appear birth° report of the Posta,milter
General that the great point Whiali,' for several.
'ears, has been so much desired, has, clurinethe
• .
current Year, been fUlli ao ofSip fished:.l4 ex.
penditnies the Departniont;, , .ihrthe'relnlrent
yearliave'bOrt betiught . withirtits`
outleisenitititsieneral UsefulnessO r ThCtir has
been.iiii - Increase Of.reventio equatiti
..46,0.00•
•for , theyeailtblVovcr that,;.of 1841 ) ; witlimil, ns
it is believed, ally addition having been" made to.
the nueihei tif,letters and 'newspapers transmit
ted through •the -mails.- .The Post -offiee-laws
huvo•beenhoncstly admiehitered;and fidelity has ,
bead uhserved in accounting for; and 'payirig over:
by the subordinates Of the Wepartmeht; the - mo.
neys-whichhave been - , received::
of the . servicc I . refer you to the 'report.. -
flattemYsellthat .the exhibition .thus made
of the condition of the public administration will
'servo to convince you.that every proper attention
liadheen tOthe interests of the " country. by
those who have' been. called to the heads ,of the'
different. Departrnenta._ThiLreductien in the
annual eperiditures of dui Government already
'accomplished,
,furnishes evidence that, c ..
conomy in the applicatiedof the public moneys,
is regarded as a paramount duty. •
At Peace with all, the world-,,the personal
,lib.
erty of the citizen,' senredly maintained, and his
rights secured wader political inetituttons deriv,
ing all their authority from the direct Sanction
of the people = with a soil fertile aimed beyond
example, anda country blessed with' overy'di
.Vcrsity of climate and production, what 'remains
to be done in order to advance the happineee and
prcisperity of such a people:?. Under ordinary
circumstances this inquiry could r'eadily be an
swered. Thebes,. that...probably could bo done
for a people inhabiting such a country,'would_be
to fortify their phaekand security in tho priisecu= .
Lion of their various pursuits, by guarding: then)
against invasion from" Without, ond' violence from
within.. TIM rest, for. the grouter part, Might be
left.to their - own energy and .enterprise.. The
chietembarrasanern's which at the moment ex
hibit themselves have. arisen from over-action ;
and the most didieuit task which remains to he
accomplished, is that, of correcting and overcom
ing its effects. Bet Ween the years 1833 and
1838, additions were made to, honk capital and
bat* issues, in the loin] of notes designed for cir
culkion, to an extent enormously great. The
quiStiOn sdenied - trilie, trot lfow the best currency
could be provided, but in what manner the great.
est amount °fiend; paper could be put in circuit].
lion. Thus, a vast amount of what was culled
money—since, for the time being, it answered
the purposes Hof money—was• thrown uric, the
country ; an over, issue which was attended, as a
necessary consequence, by an extravagant
iti
('reuse of the prices of all articles of property, the
spread era speculative mania all-over the coon.
try, andlias tinally ended in a 'general indebted
ness on the' part of States nhd individuals, the
prostration of public and private credit, a depre
ciation in the market value of •rtial -nod -personal
estate, and has letlitrilre districts of country al. ~
:if entirely without any eireiiiating_ineditinii—
In view' of the rant that,lti 1839, the whole bank
note circulation within the Unit-11 Slates amount
ed to but 88 1;:k23,898, according to the Treasury.
statements, and that an addition had been made
thereto of the enormous sum of 888,000,900 in
seven years,(the circulation otttlic first - olJanuary
.1837, being stated at 8149;185,890'0 aided by the
great facilitied afforded in obtaining' loans from
European capitalists, wlio were seized with the .
samospeculative mania which prevailed in the
United States—and the large importations of
-fluids from abroad, the result of stock sales and
leant —n o one-can be surprised at -the apparent,'
but unsubstantial state 'of prospe - rity which every
where prevailed over the land; while' as little.
cause of surprise should' be felt at the present
prostration of every thing ; and the ruin which
haii.beflillen so many ofourielimir.eitizens
sudden_ withdrawal from cif-et:dation, of so large
au amount ofbank.issues, since 1837—exceeding,
.05 is believed, the amount added to the paper cur.
reney for a similar period antecedent.to..-1837, it
entices to he a matter of astonishment that such
extensive shipwreck should have been made of
'private fortunes, or that difficulties should•exist in
meeting their engagements on the part .of the
d. btor States. Apart from which, if . there be
taken into account the immense losses sustained
in the dishonor of numerous hanks, it - is less a
Matter of surprise that insolvency should have
visited many of our. fellow-citizens, than that so
many-should have escaped the blighting influtiri
ccs of the times. ,
the solemn conviction of these truths, and,
with an ardent desire to meet the pressing neces.
sities of the country, I felt it to be my defy to,
cause tov be .submitted to you, at the commence.
meat ofyour late session,the plan of an Exchequer,
the whole power and duty at Maintaining which,
in purity and `cigar, was to be exercised by the
Ilepr6entatives of the People themselves. 1 t was
preen:4A to place it under the control and dirce.'
lion of a Treasury Board,' to consist of three Coin,
missioners, whose duty it should be to see (hilt
the law of its creation was faithfully executed,
and that the great.end of supplying a paper me
dium
ef exchange, at all links convertible into
gold and silver, should be attained. The Board
thus constituted, was given 1119 11111Cii peralllnelley
as could be imparted to it, without endangering
the proper share, of responsibility which should
attach to all public.agents. In order to insure
all the advantages of a well-matured experience,
the Conimissioners were to hold their ()dices for
the respective periods' of two, four, and six years,
.thereby securing at all times in the management
of the Exchequer, the services of two Men of ex
perience and to place them in a condition to ex.
urcise perfect independence 'of mind and action,
it was provided - that their remoVal' should only
take place for actual incapacity or infidelity to
the trust, and to he followed by the President
with an exposition of the causes of swell removal,
should it occur. It was proposed to establish
subordinate hoards in . each of the States, under
the same restrictions rid limitations of the power
of removal; which, with the central board, should
receive, safely keep, and disburse the public mon
eys, and in order to furnish a sound paper Me
dium of exchange,
the Exchequer should-. retain
of the revenues.of the Government a . sum not'to
e.xceed - $5,090,000 talk . : set apart as re
quired by its operations, and to pay the public
creditor at his own option, either in specie or
•Treasury notes, of denominations not less than
five, nor exceeding one hundred dollars, which
notes should be redeemed at the several places of
issue, and to be receivable at all times and every
where in payment of Government' dues; with a
restraint upon such issue of bills that the same
should' not exceed the maximum of 815,000,000.
in order to guard` agakist all the hazards incident
to fluctuation's in trade, the Secretary of the Trea
sury was invested with authority to issue 85,000,-
000rof Government stock, should the same at, any
time be regarded as necessary, in order to place
beyond hatard the Prompt redemption of the
hills which might he thrown into circulation.—
Thus in. fact making the issue. of 815,000,000 of
Exchequer bills,rest substantially on $10,000,000;
and keeping in circulation never more than one
and one-half dollars for every dollar in specie.
IViien to this it is added that the bills aro not
only every where receivable in GOvernment dues, I
but that the-Government itself would be hound
for their ultimite redemption, no rational doubt
can exist that the paper .which the Exchequee„
would furnish,
would readily enter general cir
culation, and be maintained at all times at or
above par with gold " and silver; "thereby - realizing
the great want of the age, and fulfilling the
wishes of the people. In 'order to reimburse the
Government the expenses of the plan, it was pro.
posed - to - invest - tho — Exchequer ,with'-the-limited
authority to deal in bills of exchange, unless pro.
hibited by the State in which an agency might
bo situated, having only thirty, days to run ' ,ond
resting on a fair and bona fide basis. The Legis
lative will on this point might he so plainly an
nounced, as to avoid all pretext for partiality. or
favoritism. It was furthermore proposed to in
vest LIAO Treasuty tient with duthority . ici reeeive
on &walk, to &Headed amount, the spode funds
of individuals, anrt to grant cortifidatos therefor,
to be redeemed on presentation, under the idea,
which is believed to be'well 'founded, that such
certificates frcluld come in aid of tlto Exehequer
bftls in supplying a safe and ample ,paper, (drew
tion. Or, if in place of the contemplated dealings
in exchange; the Exchequer should be authorized
notunly to exchange its bills fur actual deposates
Of ape= but for specie - Or its equivalents to' sell
drafts, charging: therefor . a small but reasonable
premium,
,I cannot, doubt but, that.the.bene fi ts .Of
the law would be speedily maniftsted,iWthlf revi
yelrof the credit:trade and fluidness Of tho' whole
'C'ountry.. Entertaining this:oPinioh it, becomes
my duty to urge its adoption upon Congress. by
reference 'to the Istrongcst‘consideiations tho '
public interests, with .such alterations inits do.
tails as Vonvosti.may in its, vifiedom see fit 'to
• well awurio.,that •this .propoied .alteration
Anitatriondinent.ofthelaws establishing the Troa.
suryDepartmout has encountered various -objeU
tions, and.`thal unionviitherir riChis been • pro.
`claiined a ‘flovernment Bank °fiberfill and.dan.
garoup import.' It is.proposed to coriftir upon it
no oftreordltitscy ':Powere. - It, purports : to do no
moratjuko l psy the elebt# ,of the Government with
_
the redeemable paper' the ': "Griiisminent—in '
*iiipli raPeet ueerdriplisheipie4bileltivhat the
Vretieury Lurie; in 7 liiiMing to the
'publit creditors the Treesery,:notes \Which', under
law; it is ,authinizeditrt ':lsSuri.;‘,;•lt'''llaiine roman .
blance to an' Aillirnishes no
profits to private stockhOlderei;.andlends no cuei,
tal to individuals. If it be objected to as a Go.
Yernmotit • Bank, and the objection he available -
then, Should all the laws in, relation to the-Tree.
sury be repealed, and the capacity of the
meat to collect whet briine toit,or_pay_what-it
°Wel; heibrogated.
Thisis the chief purpose of the' preposeirEx.'
chequer;' and surely if, in-the accomplishment of
a purpose so essential, it affords ,a sound circula
ting medium to the Conntry'and facilities to trade,
it should be regarded as no .slight recommends.
Lion of it to public consideration. Properly guard-,
cd.by.the:provisiens of law,it-ein-run-into_rlanL
gerous evil; nor can any abuse rise under it but
sitekairtlie , Logislatiire itself will be answerable
for, if it be tolerated r since it is but the Creriture
of the layie.end susceptible at all times of 'modi...*
fication, amendnient or yokel, at the pleasure-of
Congress. I know that it harebecn objected that
.the system would.he liable to be abused by the
Legislature, by whom alone, it could be abused,in
the party conflicts orthe day... That such abuse
Would manifest itself in a change of the law whit II
would authorize an excessive issue'of paper, for the
purpoSe of inflating prices and jwinning popular
favor. To that it may be anseTered, that the as
tri peon of sitiVitamotive to Congress i; altogether.'
gratuitous and inadmissable. The theory of our
institutions would lead its to- a different condo:
sion. But a perfectsceurity against a proceeding
so reckless, would be found to dist in the, very
Miter° of things. The political party which should
.be so blind• to the true interests of the country, as
to resort to such an expedient, would inevitably
meet witha final overthrow in the feet that,, the , '
moment the paper ceesed, to be convertible into
specie, or otherwise promptly redeemed, it would
become worthless, and would ip the end, diklionor
the Government, involve the peOple in ruin,„,: and
'such political party in hopeless disgrace. Arthe
snip time, such a view involves the utter imps:
sibility of furnishing any_..eurtency_otherAlnin_
that of the precious metals, for, if the Govern.
wilt itself cannot forego the temptation of
cessive paper issues, what reliance can be placed
in corporations upon whom the temptations of in-
divided aggrandizement would most strongly
operate 1 The People would hive to blaine none
but themselves for any injury that might arise
from n course so reckless, since their agents would
be the wrotig.doers,nr,i they the passive spectators.
There can be, but ! three kinds Of public cur.
rency. .Ist. Gold and silver; 2d. The paper of
State institutions ; or, 3d. A representative of
the precious metals, provided by the General Gov.
erninent,,or under its authority. The Sqb-Trea.
.snry system rejected tha last in any form ; and,
as it was believed.that no-relitince could-be-placed
on the issues of Inca I institutions, for the Iturnoes
of genr . ral circulation, it necesstirily and unavoid--
ably adopted specie as the exchtsive currency for
its men use. And this inlet ever be the case
less one of the other kinds be , used: - Thu Choice,_,
in the present state of public -sentiment; 'lies be: '
tween an exclusive specie currency, on the one
hand, and Government issues of some kind on the '
other. That these issues cannot be . niado by a
chartered institution, is supposed to beconclusive: '
ly settled. They inn:A.lm made, then, directly by
Government ngents.. For several years 'past they
have been thus made the form of Treasury
notes, and have ant wered - a valuable' purpose.—
Their. usefulness -has' been limited by their being
transient and teniporary; their v0;144:100' bear
interest at given periods, necessarily 'causes their
• i - grieerlyrriitiirif, and tine restfiets their range of
eireulatfOn, and being used only in the.disburse:
:vents ofthe Government, they cannot reach those
points where they are most reqpired- • By render.
ing their use permanent, to the moderate extent
'already mentioned, by offering no -inducement
for their return; and by exchanging them for coin
andmther values, they will constitute, to a certain
extent, the general currency so much needed to
maintain the internal trade of the country. And
this is the Exchequer plan, so far as it may ape.
- rate in furnishing a currency. •
I cannot forego the occasion to urge its hi];
penance to the credit of the Government in It•fi- -
itancial point of view: The great necessity of
resorting to every proper and becoming" expedi
ent in order to place the Treasury on a footing of
the highest respectability, is entirely obvious.—
The credit of the Government maybe regarded
as the very soul.ofthe Government itself—a prin.
eiple of vitality without which all its moveinents
are languid and all its operations embarrassed.—
In this spirit the Executive felt itself bound by
the most imperative sense of duty to submit to
congress, nt its last session, the propriety 'of ma
lting a specific pledge of the land fund, as the ba
sis for the negociation of the loans authorised to
be contracted. I then thought that such annp:
plication of The public domain would, without
doubt, have placed at the command of the Gov
ernment, ample funds to relieve the Treasury
front the temporary enibarrassments under which
it labored. American credit has suffered it cob.
siderable shock in Europe, from the large in
debtedness of the States mud the temporary inn.
bilitY of some of them to meet the interest oil' l
their debts. The utter and disastrous prostration
of the United States Bank of Pennsylvania
hind contributed largely to increase the sentiment" .
'of distrust by reason of the loss. and ruin sustain
ed by the holders of; its stock, a large portion
whoni, were foreigners, and ninny of whom - were
en Ice ignore t of our political organization, and
of our actual 'responsibilities. It was the anxious.
desire of the Executive that, in the eilbrt , to
nr
gncinte.the roan abroad; the American negotiator,
!night be able to point the money lender to the
fund mortgaged for the redemption of the princi.
pill and interest ofany loan .he might contract,
and thereby vindicate the Government from all
suspicion.of bad faith or inability to meet its en.
gagements. COngress differed from the Ekeea.
tive.in this view of the subject It became, nev
c.rthelees, the duty_oftlie__Excentive.to. resort-to
every expedient in its power to negociate the au
thorized loan. After a-failure. to do so in the '
American market, a citizen of high character
and talent was sent to Europe with no better suc
cess; and thus the mortifying' spectacle has been
presented of the inability of this Government to
obtain a loan so small us not in-the whole to a
mount to More than - one-fourth of its ordinary an
nual income.. . ; at a time when the Governments'
of Europe, although involved in debt, 'and with
their subjects heavily burdened with' taxation,
readily obtain loans of anyeamount at a 'greatly
reduced rate of inierest. It would be unprofita.
blo to Moir further into this anomalons state of
things; but I 'cannot conclude without adding
that, for a Government which has paid off its
debts of two wars with the largest maratime
power of Europe, and now owing a debt which
is almost next to nothing when compared with its
boundless resources; a Government the strongest
in the world, because emanating from the popu. '
lar will, anti firmly rooted in , the affections of a 1
great and tree people, and whose fidelity to its
engagements has never been questioned;' for'
such a Government to have tendered to the eapi
tslists of other countries an opportunity for a I
sinall . Lnvestwent Of its stuck, and yet to have•
failed, either the most unfounded distrust
in'its good faith, or a purpose, to obtain which,
the course pursued is the most fatal which could
have been adopted. It has now' become obvious
to all men that the Government must' look te its
own-means - for supplyingtiewariticandllik - com
soling to know that these means aro altogether
adequate for the object. Time Excheqer, if adopt
cd, will greatly aid in bringing about this result. 1 1
Coen what I regard as a well-founded supper'''.
tion that its 1)4 would be-readily sought for by I
the public-creditors, and that the issue would in a'
short time reach, the maximum of $15,000,000,
ii is obvious that. 810,000,000 would thereby be I
asisied -
to' the available mania of the Treasury
without cost or charge. Nor can I Tail 'to urge
the groat and beneficial effects which. would be
produced in aid of all the active pursuits of life.
Its effects upon the solvent' State bankrywhileit
would, force into liquidation those of 'an . opposite
Character through its ;weekly' settlements, would
he highly benefieiall and - with the advantages-Of
a sound currency, , the .restoration
. ef confidence
'Mut credit would follow , with a numerous train of
Weaning.; My, convictions aremoit , strong 'that
these benefits.would flow - from the adoption. of,
this measure ; but if the result should be adverse,
there le this security keerninexion with it,iliatthe
law creating it may berietealed at the pleasure,_ 9f
the Logielature, without :the elighteSt
tion ef'its
liiireedintrierid to Congress' to takeinto
ation the propriety of re-imhursieg .
od On• General Stiektibmat N.Orleans,'at the' time
Of the: attack and -defence of - that city; and paid
by him. Without deSigning anyrefleotion ,'orithe •
judicial tribunal - Which': imposed the fine, the re=.
Mission at this duy may'be
or inexpedient. 'rho yoice9f authority
was linard amidst the glitter of arniii.arid z iitteyred,
- bytheise ivholield.tho Omni,. thereby :giving ad
ditional Pietro tote lecinerable milAtary: aehleye-•
'Mont: - If ti ' e laws were offended, their majesty
vitteTtilly dletited 'mid althongh the - penalty
lncuried anil paid, is worthy„of little. ;regard in,a
penpniary i peint of vicar, it can, hardly, be dotibted
that it would be' ratifying to"the warwOrn
in intireinerit 'and ii.the Winter of his'
days, to be ' relleirdd from the , eirciinintances in
which that judgment placed him. Ther6 are eases
in which .public functionaries_may,be calleiton to
weigh the public interest against ' their own *-
send hazards, and if the civil law be violated fan'.
-praiseworthy - motives, - or overruling — sensed'
public danger and public necessity, punishment
may,moll be restrained within that limit.. WhiCh
asserts and' maintains the authority of the law,
and the subjection of the military to the -civil
power. The defence of Ncw Orleans, While it
saved a city from the hands of the enemy; plated'
the name of General Vs . ?” among those of the
g reat-Captains-of-the -a and-lihistrated-one-of
the brightest pages of our history. Now that the .
causes of excitement'', existiog_:at, the time,
.have
ceased to ciperiate, it,iii believed that the remission
of- this , fine, and whateVer of gratification that re.
mission might cause the eminent man who in.'
cuffed and paid it, would be in-accordance with.
the general feeling and wishes of the American
People. - .
I have thus, fellow-citizens, acquitted myself of
my duty under the Constitution; by laying before
you, as succinctly as I have been able, - the State
of the Union, and by inviting your attention to
measures of much importance to the Country.—
The Executive will most zealously unite its efforts
withthose.of the 'Legislative •Department in the
accomplishment of all that is.required 'to relieve
the Wants of a common constituency, or, elevate
the'destinies of a beloved country. • . .
• • JOHN TYLER
. .
WASHINGTON, Dcccmbcr, 1842... ' •
gram manavaltic,
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E. 'BEATTY. EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR,
tIA . AL[I:3LE, 'IPA.
Iralizesdei, D. , ..yeather 14, 142.
rOif PiebitDENT
• JJENRY • CLAY,
Subject to the fleeision of a National t'Otiveritio'n‘
DEMOCRATIC WHIG PRINCIPLES.
SPECIALLY. FOR THE PUBLIC; EYE."
. OUR. CREED.
'A sound. National Currency, regidated hy_Alm
will and authority of the Nation.
An adequate Revenue, with fair Protection to'
American Industry:
•
S. Just restraints on the Executive- . power, ein
-racing dftirtheerefifriCtion - On the exercise of
the Veto.
•
4. -A faithful administration of the public domain,
with an
„equitable distribniOn of the, proccedii
()reales of itjtniong all the States.
5. An honest and . economif&adminiStration of
•the General Government, leaving public ()dicers
perfect freedom of thought and of the right of
sulrrage; but with Suitable restraints against
improper interference in elections. -
G. An amendment to the Constitutiiin,limiting I
the incumbent of the Presidential mike to a
- SINGLE TEM.
These objects attained, I think flint. we should
cense to be afflicted with Lind administration of
the Government.-11eNair CLny.
cr . -T-1. V. B PALMER, Esq . . at his Heal Estate and
Coal Office, No. 104, South Third Street, Phila.
is outhorized to acrits Agent, for procuring sub.
scribers and advertisements:for the "Herald and
Expositor.",
1. - 7 - To prevent-the inessage'growing too stale,
we publish our riper one day, in advance this
week, but 1 1 the date attic regular publication
I-We arc indchted to the attention tuf Mfr. CE
M. Pitmurs, or Washington city, for an carp' co
be. Pi•tbiblefit'sNfes,age
. !lOU. A3fO3•GUSTI NI:, or the S. Ifnuse or Rep
reseutativeß, has our thanks nlto f n • n copy of the
Message.
c - yrlie kind iittvotion of our Iteverenll /frict
cav lloritoo; htis plaCcil us-under additional oblige
ioiis to him for ktte English publications.
~
ajOn our first page, besides some good poetry,
'will bo found a thrilling, extract froui a tale in Mack
wood's .Magazine, entitled the "Minister's Daughter
—or tbe•sad start of Emma Htudington, related by
herself." The entire tale is too long for our limited
s met..
r yA very able review of Mr. Biddle's letters,
.and particularly his fourth and fifth ones, appear.
cd - in the last 'liancaSter Mien. which we have
partly in type . ; but ure compelled to.defer its pub.
lication until our i s icxt in consequence of the
crowded state of our columns.
President's Message.
We lay this document before our readers to-rlaj
or each one to'rmptl, if ht• pleases, and birth his onl
opinion upon it. It is for the most part a mere busi
ness Paper, exposing the state of the ditleient depart
ments .of the'Coversment, and our relntions
foreign powers; the latter of which will prove gen
erally, gratifying, thanks to Daniel Webster. The
Exchequer scheme is again strongly recommended,
and the President closes the'Message by a request
to Congress to refund to General Jacksoirthe amount
•of the fine imposed on him by Judge Hall of Louisi
ana, in 1815. This last is a miserable, Weak and
despicable • attempt to make a little political capi
tal through the instcumentality — " of the old hero.''
Nor can the, recommendation giC6 nor gratification
in the old General or heal his wounded spirit suffer
ing under the infliction of this fine, because, if we
understand the President aright, lie floes not propose
to do any more thitu the Whig majority,of the Senate
in the last session, who 'voted to refund the money to
the General, with the provision in the resoletion that
-no censurewits - thereliy - in'tentled - to - bacast - up on the
Judge.---And as this is all that the Tresident recom;
mends, Gen. Jackson will not tintak him Any mare
than the Wing Senators, unless indeed; lila object is
a mercenary one, and the refunding-of the $lOOO fine,
is of more importance thitibtlittAping-eutthe-stigini
of its
Putavyn Laevenn.---Owing to the inclemency
of the weather; the audience.was not so large'on
the occasion of the fourth lecture before tho Alert.
Finifompany,:es on previous 'Those
who were presentelMwever, enjoyed a rich treat
in the lecturO On' "'the lifO and character of Wil
berforce," detivore,dlly Mr. J .Tomv Zen of this to:
tough. Thocharacter of this eminent and ti — ood
man, one of the ablest and Most zealous advocates
of truth, justipe and huManity that the wovld has
over known;was portrayed by the ; lectUrer in a
style worthy thssubjpot, and in the highest de.
gra() 'Creditable to'binmelf.
,The fifth lecturo,of4lie - noatie, wills hodeliver
ed'oirTnaiiiitififfeliiiiigitikiatlty Roy. RiiimltT
E81011,4 1- Priiiideli of. DiokimompollOgo. , We
have'hot latirtiod witat ihbject he. will 4 . 64 upon
. :-••
• Win. A. Port e 4, the eldest son ol . our iVoi•tliy Gov.:
. oimor, has been appointed High iheilitqf
platy city and county, iti - take fienry..l4orcla'i d e .
Only twOnty4wo yeais'of age anii. the high
Sheeiff of aim( city, by the give of his hithei• !
21riiielrOurrency. ----7--
dux good boiongti has been in considerable for..
nisitt fist' seine tinfre, and' particularly withih the .
!tisk weak relative ; -to the depreciated curroney
*fib ' tWhieli'' the eMninunity is afflicted. It is
knotthi 'that a 'number °rour business men, to
save themselves from a . ruinous . discount Which
they Were • subjeet to in making their.P . hiladelphix
o.4futenth, published a•resolution- in- the borbuglr
• phPee: ikith their names appended, declar ing their_
deicitininaticit to refuse receiving after the 10th
December ins
r .
• the fiche notes of certain Blinks
except at a moonlit often peY MIL. '': ''''' %
Asti step f this kind; would " atone feligntroop°.
have t c elf et to reduce the vertu', of every delta'
- of - the emotes - held - by any individuarwho'slnild
endea Or to make use of' it hi the stores, immedi.
ately to ninety cents, it, of ,course went stronglY
home to the "business and bosoms" of men,and
created considerable excitement. On Thursday
evening' last; therefore, a general town Meeting
wait; called to consult upon the Matter; this meet.
ing after a copple'of,sPeeelies had . been delivered
on the subject, resolved, on their parts, not to deal
with any persons who should refuse to take any
8f the 'Relief notes at their nominal or par value.
And thus-the matter stands. The signers to
the first i,esolntion 'refuse 'to recede from their
groundositoithe members of the last Meetlngwill
piobrbly eary out their determination. And what
the result will be Cannot be foretolU. - -.
' The only temedy in this ease 'that can give im
mediate reify to all classes of tile . community,
,and upon which.we know many discreet and seta- .
Bible men of both politieal parties in thie quarter
' accord in- opinion, is in the hands. of tho - Legisla.',
ttire, which soon convenes. 'lf that sage 'body •
could be prevailed upon to grant the Banks au
thority-to issue-small - weft-- upon-their 'own ac; - : -
count, it is beireZted they would be'able to resume
and maintain the payment of their notes in spe=
-cie, and the reliefenrrencylnight soon be banish.
ed from circulation and cancelled:- Without this
in their present condition, the attempt to resume
would be unavailing, as is proved by the late en.
successful attempt of the Lancaster county Bank.
Should not some step be taken, white, public feel
ing is up, to effect this, object i . . ' .
State Temperunce.Convention; -
By a resolution'of the State Temperance Conven,,.
_tion:whicir - meriii - lituvisbitri last January, it was
decided that A nother,shotild be held on the second.
Wednesday of January, 1843. , It is to crop
'din' rent Temperance Societies in this quarter will
not.neglect the representation of Cumberland coon-.
ty in that body. And it is time they were moving in
the work of 'choosing delegates, and preparing the
st:!thtical information expected by the Convention.
Christina's is Coining!
'The hofydays nre near at bin]. A hundred signi
ficant and unerring signs indicate the approach' of
Cliristrnas, without putting one to the trouble of re
ferring to anAlentinne for that agreeable information..
rieb acquisitions which are made about this
time to the pleiOd itstiot trn' ents of one Fancy.
Variety Stores, and the Confectionary, Fruit and
Toy Shops, give token of preparations iii - F:some
great day—g i rd you - can hear wh'en it comes, pre
cisely, and of !iliat great isnpurtatice it is to the 'jut.- .
wide world, if you - but go ainong that group of
merry children aho are ft - tasting their eyes upon the
gorgeously:decked windows ot . ..the splendid Variety
Store of Myers & faverstick,-whose rare prepara
l-
lions for the holyllsys are. detailed- in an advertise
ment in to-day's Herald—nuked, all around there
is a 1111111 and bristle_ which. was not known three
WAS ago, mut an keling of elation in
the heart; of all, which nothing sb surely as the'ap. •
oroarh olChristunts 'Mouses.
\l•e Wad ti most substanthil evidence jesterday of •
the good things which nee .being...prepnred tin• the
boll dm s, in a heap of sweetmeats, candies, of all
varieties, fruit, tali tsand other "gnotlies" too numer
ous to mention, with whielr Line,. of the fit•m of
bz. lionyrr, ucct dour tollet tem'ir Motel, piled
up nor Editorial table,and insisted upon oar
, cl . loing.lllo poll: to very dainty; the taste on
•
tisnally fiistidious, it 'is very well known; shoot - -
Christmas time—there is 110 eating of ally thing on
that day but what is Positively of the very,eltideest
and richest description. And this these gentlemen
went to have especially pt•epared for-etlie-composi
tion of such exquisite confections Its we have been
furnished specimi•us of, could not• he impeacnetl by
the hiSurious irtlate of n Sybarite. Let those who •
doubt it try them. . .
(JO - We scent to tnifortntinte in our state—
:menfri edit' ve to local matters, and Ilter'eby lint our
milli( ell little cotentjtorary the "Sir:l4;er," to con
sider:llde trouble ht the way orcorreeting oily crypt's.
We'll endeavor to elereise greater cure hereafter-
nit will li seen by an 'ATlllse:neat that the
New World paper in New York is ahoilt issue.
rare sheet tin• the holidays.
Wise, frion whom .a Miss Ashway
re
cocercal si verdict of $l5OO for a breach of promise
of Marriage, in Chainhet:shurg, lately, is paying it
by, means of the Bankrupt Law !
forti-3 , ci eorge-W.. Veazey; on ce • to flowed - IRV - 6 ri
establishment, but recently fallen so far as to join
the Tyler party, has been committed to prison iu
Philadelphia, on a charge of forgery. The. forgery
was committed to:, obtain fluids to parchase a Tyler
El
TAVYRN Lics:ver.s.—Those who intend applying
for tavern licenses st - the 4annary Court should
remember that the law requires the petitions to
be advertised three times, the last insertion "to be
ten days before the Court. • The County Court
commences on Monday, the 9th of January,—
Applicants from the country are required by law
to advertise in ono paper—those from the bor
ough-aro required to advertise . in two. -
The Editor of the IL S. Gazette intends publish
ing it weekly paper after the tr,t ofJanunry. It will
be made up of the matter of theilaily, which insures
its worth. Subscription V 2,00 n'year in advance.
TeNNesssc.--The Legislature of this State ad
journed on the . 17th ult. after the loco row Senate
had refused to go into the election of U. S. Senators.
Itliough the Whigs have the House and the popu,
tar majority, a small majority of loco feces in the
Senate have prevented the election of U. S. Senators
for two years, o___Sleven_Congreuional districts hive
been formed; in six of 'which tt,t,the'late election the •
Whigs hnd an aggregate majority of 10,588 i in the
other. live the locO foccrinnjorityamodated to two,
Arrestrr Tunnint. 7 "rrier to the death'of John ,
C, Colt,Sherif£ Hart received a thotmod:dollars in
an inonymous. letter, and the. promise of a thousand
more if he would refuse to lumglhe.Criminal ; the
hope being that the delay.woulibleatl to hie escape,
The letter and the money - have ban laid hefore the
Board of Aldermen of the city of Ned_ York: r :lt
OrOpesed to give the money either to :tire, Colt or
Afrsi.'A:tlains,lhe wife of the murdered man. , •
We observe that at an election held in ,Masonic
Hall, Philadelphia, on 14rulday last, for, officers of
the Grand Lodge ofrennsylvaniadaserth.l2.. Mend
ler, Esq, the acemplished E t ditor pt the United States
Gazette, declined a.rp.eleption as Grand.Maiter, sad
Cornelitis Stevenson was elected in Ida stead.
, .
lion / George .11 , 10Dufftelitti bcpn - Fleote4 U. S.
Scuittoi from South CarOlinit;in ithipe,.o 'tion. W.
C.pyeston,
Arthur o Tappan or Now Itorlii.haa lately fail.
cd, and applied fin the iiimcfit of the bankrupt
Law. Ho sunk' his iirinieniii 'Wealih in 'ondora
,
.. .
fig. Cur his fellow, tnerehaniN.; • , ' ..: '', • L ..1
. .
.The locopoo.t4tate of IsTtiw Hampshire refu :
see to r'rdeiye hekelictre bT tho prep.eecte r ef the
ty, dietrib - ute4 : : Pg!.l- X O 4
• •