U IEI fiera . l4. .& L'*iitisitor.. z , CARLI§hI, MARCH 1842 • tARIFF CONVENTION= Thiel body assembled at Harrisburg on Tuesday •of last and adjourned .on Wednesday.. , Gerteral Tnomss U. 11IiLisn, bf Cumberland county, acted as President. The Harrisburg Intelligencer, an able.pa ' Per i: which devotes much space In'advocat. ..s,fog the tide, intereete of Pennsylvania; has 'the following Sketch Vita proceedings: , We regret that of t liiniti'ffevent - a full rePort orthe interetitittg , discussion which took place. on Tuesday evetiiiig: General aptike of the tariff as the only. :means ,of salvation to,the country, and• said that.thiS ilt now the' general opinion of the eo 41te"; see that the life's blood. of. usihsi. , ;:the prL'cious from the country by' foreigners.— VTO, have gone in tiebt - to foreigner- 7 we ;inst. pay those debts;. Vie have purchased Large amountsef foreign goods--we mtnit pay fn. therti; . and if we cannot pay our debts 'with the Finlike of our country, ire must send abroad gold and silver to settle 'the balances against u Ile tliought:theye was but oie feeling among, the-people of Penniylvania on the subject.. Mr. S'inoso spoke of the necessity of sustaining the Government by impost du ties.. There is no (Aber proper way to sustain it.. If We.have not duties, we must . have direct taxation on selected articles in ihts country, or a lax on land. - He thought 411 these means burdensome on the people. Mr. &then referred to the iast amount of IveaVstuffs—produced—by-IPennsy tva and. the necessity of.,securing a"ltOme:mar let; referred to the importance of our pub lic works; the "coal, and' iron trade upon' them, which will soon pay:the interest on the public debt; acid spoke of the certain Prostration of the iron business under the comprotnise.act., if the' tpriff be reduced, -611-classes-ef-ntechaniesz-will-be-prostrat4.. tVe of . course - give 'merely' an outlinet4) S fro rtg' S - re rk . • Mr. - . MANLY, of •Lycoming county, said lie was Unaccustomed - •to public speaking. Ile l i ed spent his life in producing practi cal results. lint he:thought the cause of our very Are . have consumed what we have ,not prudilced. the 'means of paying, for, and-any people . doing this, must become bald:emit— Ile th4U• referred to the history of tliis country •dUritig. die French ReJolution and the gen 'era' wars' of Europe. We 'had then the Carrying trade of the worldt, mit' ships could . Bell our pr9duce anyplace; ,they, could not go amiss. This made all _ , NeW England a commercial people. lu TBl6 the South *anted a tariff—John C. Calhoun n'as the head and•front of the tt hole tariff molt& ment, which was opposed by the Eastern people for fetwit would injoca commerce. Well; the tariff was established. The mind of New England. ever active. unitvd with da pi tai7 withdrawn from commerce, end en gaged in manufactures .- I hey now flou rish -p... - savrays will. He then referred th the eondinon of our -country during the last war with England—we liad then few or 'no manufactures—what were the conse- quences? W.-hy-, a common Barlow knife, now costing 6 penye, then sold fur 50 cents! . We got our cotton goods from England and th.e East Mcßee at 60 cents per Yard fur goods ipferior to what are now made in' our own country. at 8 cents .per 'yard! This will always he the case.— Manufactures make every thing cheap,;— Nails:, an article which has been protected, are now made and sold in our own country for less than the duty on the foreign arti cle:. Who, then, can say. that a , tariff makes manufactures dear ? But . the free trade men say we must buy all arti cles where we can .buy cheapest. They don't tellyj . t ,, aw we shall pay for what we buy—he anger 'heard of a free trade boy, who wondered why his mamma made him churn, when it was cheaper to buy the kilter 1 Mr, COCHRAN, Senator from York, was called onto 111,e said he regretted to' occupy We door before so many Treed eel men, who 'were able to do justice to the anbject. But we are .all acquainted with the. woff, Nn one•eunehuthis'eyesto its operation, We trust have increased .4ti ties—The government and many of our best ...c.ltixens depend upon.thern for support and protection; Our policy heretnfo - re has been bad. We have been . gradually •prostrating our own interests at the feet of foreigners. The' question is, whether we shall centinue this bad policy, or . adopt a policy whiCh shall cause all, the interests of our great country to flourish, lie' rejoiced that the farmer, the mechanic,. the manufacturer, the miner, all feel the importance 'of the crisis. . Mr. PENNIMAN, of the Senate, was then requested ,to address the' convention on the: opposite .side, which he briefly did,. pre smiting- _the arguments of the free trade men in as. plain and attractive' a manner as is possible on *kV& of the "question. After, Mr. P. had concluded, general ALEXANDER :comPlimented ,him es 'fisving spoken in an.able and gentlemanly, man ner:. buttleclared, : with all due respect to the speaker, that it - seemed to him his ar guments against a tariff werethe.vAry-test afiluinent - S'in favor or it. • ' General A. then referred to Governbr POgTERi (Who, in consequence of other engagements, was 'reluctantly, obliged to leave _the Convention.) He said the 0 0 - vernoederovetlihe thanks' of the people for thi'noble stand taken in his last annual message, on the subject.df 'lime industry, -tudzif he wers.tcrbe again a 'candidate, be (General' A.), would' Vote for him. He would also say, that tha_lettet of JAIME! 111761ANAN , 11:1:il given-hiar.great satisfaction wit showed that Mr:-1i 4 was 'determined :0 ,the great interests of rentosylva x •?ia; .. and although politicians might say` le •so:forlmpularity, •yeifie.(Gen. A.) was zii rvor; or the: measures which were , for the'gbod of ',the' country and the men who sklatain them deserve turf's:popular.. fT • : on vept kin adjourned at .a late hour 74esday evening. , :There also n or e*sellentlernarittrMok =ER day, but in ebusequenee of ,thepOeuttre, on - -7 oercolutimer we ferbbre . to , -lakeanynotes. The nialyfie)e, however, be given - to our readero:, due tune.' MOVEMENT IN.-.FAVOR OF AWE , • , RICO INDUSTRY. • vcri regankhe . diovenient that is-soon to taki,place in this country upon the subject orilomeindustry,'ai the most Important l of any, that has, ever 'taken place in this ! portion of the.conitnunity. It is a subject ' that , petn.es..home to every. individual,.and 1 affects,all classes and conditions of society. The `merchant; the: manufacturer, the nee.; elninic,-mid the laborer, are equally inter ieited,• • Although inhabiting a country -'un;• ! rivalled id:resources, and prolific in all the elements, of prosperity, .yet we find. that every productive enterprizo languishes.— The times are bard and Money is scarce, 'And why? - Because every sixpence that . can be_ spared:must go to the foreigner to - pay - forthe - fabrics-that-lirsupplies : us-with, Our people will purchase foreign - broad cloths, silks, wines, crockery, linens; boots; shoes, coats-and vests, when ,they, can' do So at' a cheaper rate titan those articles can be manufactured at home.• ..And if:our pro duce—of which we have an overwhelming abuntlanee—Were,taken in return', the ben vtits.volild be muMal. But suchis not the case. -When. specie is demanded to pay the • balance of wade, how can a 'eountry prosper? With the - produce of our own mines: and with all the specie received from Mcxico,.we are still unable to retain, .sufficient for our own wants. No leas than EIGIIT MILLIONS of dollars in pure gold and silver, have been transferred to Europe the pail year, and under the pre sent.sysiem 'Of •decreasing duties,. the ship ments-will,coritinue-to increase:: We - ask every man to reflect upon this state of things, and ask hiMself ifhe is willing that the fruits of his honestlabor shOuld be di verted .from the - country to enrich foreign .nations 'who _are' hostile .tii us and our in stitutions. • In - this w,ay England_ manages to keep us - dependent upon her. : We -can- I t o live 7 a year trithoutAte.r.,_brodeluths,_ "c' - r"iitkery and Inirilware, _while_ ..ve have abundant resources ,within- ourselves for making all these articles. -- 'We have woOl, silk and iron; 'we have cheap matsrials for building faCtories, and skilful artizans for constructing •machhiery ; -we Ita - Ve • a safe -arni--reliable-ciarkeratlionievivrtatre-,lti -slier!, - every necessary'requisite for making S . proSperous 'and happy 'people. But - Vve cannot employ. laborers it'a shilling a day. Consequent nabobs of Europe, who employ - worictnett a( that price; - can, with the present facilities for. crossing the, At lantic., 'undersell our'rocchanies, pocket the specie, take it ,home and revel upon it in lordly splendor. A. merchant Of this city-, (a Locofoco tod,) told us yesterday, that he. conk], at this time, go- to-NeW York and . purchase a lot of French boots and shoes, which he could bring to this city - and sell cheapet than any of our, present shoe • den 'lers. - The money, of course,- would go to 'Fiance to support French shoemakers, rr....,01, tanners and terriers, and French &de dealers. A few !minima baricla or flour from this 'lily would not be taken in return—but a few kegs of specie would not be refused. We recollect that a lew weeks ago a French tailor visited the cities of New York , and - -Philadelphia, and - returned home with Orders for French coats to the amount ofseveral thousand dollars. •But letp flottiidealer go to England or France, and receive an °Mei for a ship load of flour, ' and he would be met by e tax of three dol lars a barrel. This is the boasted syStem of" Free Trade." Such are the induce ments that call upon every farmer, mechanic and laborer, to use his utmost exertions to change a system so fraught with disastrous consequences to the country.—Rochester Democrat. • MB TARIFF. On all sides we see movements relative to an alteration in the tariff, so as to pro cure protection to 'certain of the American Manufactures, and provide ways and means for the Natalia! Gournnient. It is time that the :subject was fully considered, and that the voice of tlie, people was heard at Washington. It is now a source tation, that even in. Eastern Virginia, there are strong .evidences of a wish that o c:on= gresS should legislate for the protection. of American labor. And in parts of the coun ,where manufactures are more exten sively established, there are decided of-- dences,of a determination to make 'a strong ; appeal in behalf of American - interests. 1 1 In the meantime, it appears to no thOt Pennsylvania is, as usual, rather backward in: expressing ber opinion, and .making known her wants. We trust . that the time has gon,e''`by when one State can declare that she thinks a protective tariff necessary to the profiperity of the nation; and yet thinks it. her duty to elect rulers opposed to that tariff. The subject is one that comes home to the interest of then thousand laboring men of our city and 'districts, who . are looking forife l means.of supporting their families. These' means; Or rather the chances of these means,' must be lliminishec, if Con gress neglects the wants of the cotintrY: This is a subjeetwhieh, calls for the early and close consideration of our citi zens. We. Suffet enough now fro - ni the situation , of our sera on duties. And .We'. must stiffer more when' , the coneeenences' of the lasl reduction, by the Compromise' .Act, comes to be felt.- 7 -Ptited Gaz. • WHEAT. AND COTTON :—The Middle Siales and . the ''Southern.—lf the British markets Were opened`to 'our cotton; the, farmers of the United States would export flour and. wheat to Great Britain to the a- Mount of some Ofteen or twenty ,-millions annually: It England and France would remoire their .exorbitant duties upon Amero can Tobacco, our planters would find-sales abroad - to the extent of mar/y niillions more. But these two articleetour and. tobacco, the. chief staples of, this latitude.hind of the Middle States .generally. are - taxed enor monsly,Englattd and ,France. Floer ie almost entirely excluded. When we.'call' foe a 'tariff of retaliatory' du ties, against Mote heavy exaCtions von Ti-lil , our staples, raises•it . great outcry' and declaiesthe naea3ure to be unconstitu tional., Letuttsuppose : that'Southern cot= tan iv;as subject in England 'to duties as heavy as those - upon our Flnur and Tolmc ci-, Would Taritr.. be . unconstitutional then? Wp put thP . question in all candor. ,it is important, too;•Aat this question should be put—and that the South should study out an Pinivrer "The time is rapidly approaching," says the Boston At= "when - the Corn Lbws of England will ,become, forgotten,. w. bile Southern patriot isin, awakened too late to its own interest, will find in .the Prohibitory Cotton 'Laws of England, meet food, for all the indignation. that SOtithern chiValry,-cati bring into exis tence.". ' . -England- takes the cotton of the South simply because, she cannot „ procure -suffi= cient supplies elsewhere.• That necessity will exist for some' time;-whetlier We-raise .our Tariff or not. 'But it may not cumin ue_v_ery_lang ;_lier_cfforts Ao raise c_otten in India pushed witirall theienergy 'British genius -and power. in the. Mean. time, before - England can cut off. the cotton of the'South,'is it not our policy to enlarge the honie male* hysthe encouragement of doinestie ihatinfaCtures ? It is for the South to considerthis.—Baltimore Smeri cah. • From the Stinday.Morniis News. Gs limpseiic at Ciongressincet. HON. JOHN SERGEANT, OF' PENNSYLVANI.AO, Mr. Sergeant is -now near 'sixty years old. He entered Congress for the-first time in 1816, an'd since that period has been .more or leis a member. He ie one of the most intellectual men-in-the-eountry.-----He is 'all mind—all- insellect. His person is diminutive, of short stature, at - I'd-his fr'anie is slender and fragile. - He verylarge head; a.beautiful expansive forehead, and a finely - arched, full brow: His nose is; Ho man; hair a midi penetrating dark 'eye, black. hair, dark-complexion, „and 'a :mouth. exPrefisiottLoniielace_rsqbat of ProfOund contemplation. He has a, very thoughtful look, and his-head .would make an. exquisite model for a.Stalue.of Justice. It - it3:the•very -personification of truth and wisdom . . Noman. l• living would.. so emir neatly adorn the plaice tolvhich John Mar 'shall gave 'of the 'United States -= as Mr...Ser -geant:----Ilisluiird is of that- high cast: It is capable of. grasping the most profound and intricate subject, and yet it - i 3 as gentle and as calm as., it is pure an - d deep,- His •whole _character as that of the most unaf fected' simplicity..--- He- avoids all .ostenta tion, public ain.l.private, and the only pride lie has, is in seeing the good fruit which springs Up from -fija-nurture. Ilis proceeds - from the most-generous "and noble emotions of the human heart—:an emotion to serve' faithfully his country, and his fellow creatures. Ilis heart is pure; and his spirit mild, and at the same time, proud and inflexible. 'His private life, like his public, is ilaentit,-,1 hp si Rinale tarnish. P.l+sollal or party malignity have never whispered. aught against the purity of his Motives. There is a Moral' grandeur—a beauty—in the character of this eminently great and good man, .which 'challenges the warmest . admiration. His manners are plain, subdued and attractive. As a law yer, he holds the highest rank in the coun try. He has long been the pride and orna ment of the Philadelphia bar, which-is pro verbial for its legal eminence. . .Mr. Sergeant's, first great effort on the floor' of Congress,, was on the cerebrated Missouri Question. -It at once' established his character as an eloquent orator, and the high order of his intellect, and elicited the highest encomiums from all sides of the house. John Randolph, at that. time a member, and violently opposed to the views presented by Mr. Sergeant, paid him the rare compliment-to itdOse to retire at .once from public life upon-the laurels which he Gad then won;. that it mot' iii" the power of human intellect to gather more. His style of public speaking is marked by the same simplicity which so greatly dis tinguishes his whole character. It is plain and deeply interesting. His voice le strong and agreeable; uses no effect, and his sin cerity of manner inspires all who listen to him with cOnfidence. 'There is a freshness in his language, and a copiousness of ideas'in every thing which 'emanates from him that very. few public men possess. His imagination is just suf ficient to' *give an agreeable polish to his argument. His. wit is playful, and he uses it sparingly. Souli4-'philosophical reason ing and feeling eloquence are the promi nent characteristics of his mind. His know. ledge of government in all its ramifications is pro ound, and therels scarcely a subject tonne ed 'with it, either remote or imme diate, t the has , not upon, - and the highest simuation ender it, he would confer honor upon by filling.. Station can add nothing to his fame, except, as it • may enable him to extend the sphere of his use- , fulness. The more elevated his position the greater the opportunity - of conferring benefits, and if Is alone upon such consid erations that he consents atoll to remain in public life. It 68 no eharrn in itself for him, bUt on The contrary: is•an- absolute burden , to him, -and nothing but, hove of country induces him to yield to the sacri fices it imposes. The House of Itepre seittatives is not the sphere for: Mr. , pant. He has not the pli}isicat-cliatieter necessary for the labors itiniposed,'ind it. is' onlytime follicular. occasions that his giga uti colic dts tan be re nil eied .sery ' '.For . lll9t, rough and" tumble,.,gledistoria% helter-skelter arena for all Sorts, of men and minds. a perscin needs more the ., power of Hercules' and the lungkof a Stentor,,than any particular quantity. of 4419.1'. &good. food, of hipudence; a loud iidde and porn: , .pone air; goes' much farther' ireclicitinvio tice.,and, producing: an effect •thati qualities of mind alone. ' Mr. Sergeant is a gradua:e oqf Prinepton College,..was -selected bl-LMe.- Adams 'as 'Minister :to Panama, , and was. the Whig candidate for - tbe - VicePresideticy, 1%1832. and was pr'otTered'by Presidents, lis!irison end Tilerlbe w hich , , . . ,he declined. ' *He - is an al' , nt,"VVnig, and consistent .in 'all ' hid' poll A nets .; , and avoids and detests mere part manceuvering He is not an artful Politian, but an en i lightened , statesman. In -his own beautind.. , y lie is. held in, the higbest,estinution. i 0 neighbors IOvS him-for the purity of; his f ivate nharacteri . the benelieenec of iris hell, and his publiO 'spirit,' and' admiie hltnlnr: - the' services Which he..harr rendered-htleolintry,_--L . -: .well may - such a nit* proud- of such. a son. . . ' ' DANIEL D, of NEW . . . . Mr. Barnard is a geii •man of rare pow eri.of .mind, and an',el ant debator. He forrikerly.residedin Bocesteriand' in 1826 was elected from 'that, irict to Coagreia, but serve&-ohlY a singterm. He rerriov, ed to Albany soon afte his ,return from 'a, tour in Eut,ope, I bell 'e in 1832, and is . -- nii - w - a --- 11 - e - pres - eiitatiVe f. tit thit old arid - re= • spectable city., lie i .. bout-,4s.yesrs 'or • age, . '5 feet . 9 'inches)) hei ght, slendet, i straight; anti--very acti l ln his. appearance, has' brown hair, dark . - es and complexion;, a• high,sinooth arch .' forehead, and ,pro mlnent, agreeable, - ant manly features. • lie is ' decidedly good liekirig ; 'very gentle manly and ptilishecyn his - manners, and has . a quick.lively comtenance, blight, and _full of intelligence. -Plo one could be More prepoiseasing in tilt appearance anti ad dress. He is a marbf education; and his essays . ancraddressit'in polite literature are Wily creditable be to his goOd taste and: •to his scholarship.: He has' also written some. touching veres, which 1 remember to have read many'ytars - ago, !Ong .before I . knew him _perSoally, and 'I was partie blarly Titr6ik . tiiili' it beauty and pathos. But it is as:a.publt man—a •legislator and statesmati; that MP. is best known. , • - Ile entered ()mows - la beforeibleived; • . in 1826,-and at hat early' period made -a •v*ry.'decided Impession, and took rank as . a public speaker a long with the oldest and ablest merabers:-.jlllseloci . oenee is charac- • ' terized bivigor tif argument,,-tersen'esS -of Ilatiguage,,ingemity; compaetnesi,of style, and aptnes's oldustration. Ile has an easy commar.d of clalce EngliA word's; and his Sentemies_are.,.aiiiriys,liLligatitiful harmony.. There is no airciptnesi or incongruity . of language,-northies-he-but-y-his-itleas--be, !Math a _pile 71 xpletivea, or have occasion to hide the w st,,of them by a gaudy dis play of drapqy,' like •a dilatiidated mer chant who coitidues_to screen the 'mini peas of his sltives .by an array of curtains.' •Perhaps sevee criticism might not•like the, elabotation %Sidi liis Speeches seem to bed' tray; - but it sould be 'remembered that all finiThed wo s, whether mental or physi - -.. etcal,•must, n essarily,- exhibit evidence, of labor,. whethr they,neidit,or not. 'But it by-no mean follows,,that; because' an ad rdress is rie ' in thought, and - clothed in ,i 1 proper langbage,that - it comes from the ' closet. 'The more rttional conclusion would seem to be,.• that itrame, from a fertile and, , highly_ miltivatql:Mlnd. Such I know to be the case witOpir. B. lte makes no' further preparatiot than is necessary to elucidate his subjeit; to omit thatwould be to omit a duty, awl to follow the-example of at least nineteen,twentietbs .of those,who make what they ae pleased to call speeches in Congress,•but Odell' in fact bear'no - inore resemblance to a Meech than the croaking of a frog dues'to lilton's Paradise:Lost. Air. Barnard as, however, one very great fault in th eyes' of modern politi cians; he wont b a demagogue! He will not yield hims f as. a mete machine in party manceuver g, nor retiort • to the clap trap expedients ncl humbug t of the day to win applause; afar sacrifice the right to the expedient. Foithese infirmities belabors -under the impuhtion of not being a shrewd politician ! and;ltia influence therefore is only ' that Vvhi,th his intellectual powers gives him.' Woes not arise from his skill at intrigue, or his, adroitness in party tac tics. Hence'lp flay hot•_be in the line of safe promotioriat the present moment; but I trust the day) will again come when real merit will be ;he test of public favor, and. mind will triumph over the cunning of mere partizanship, std the cog-wheels of party machinery. • , Mr.. Bann . ers political._principles_are_ upon a sound basis and well settled ; and his mind is tioroughly disciplined. He, does nothing by, guess, nor does he act from momentary inipulse, . As a lawyer he ob tained a proud eminence before he retired from the i • iar, has an acute philosophical Jnindoin it is enriched with legal study. His disp sition is humane and generous,' and in - t e private walks of, life he is a bright or ament; of scrupulous honor, and faithful tevery trust that may be confided 1 to him. Asa mail of talents and a states man, heertainlyi takes the firstrank in the state in . hich . he resides. His present po 1. sition ispot the .proper one for him. His. intellectual powers•eaanot be felt or appre ciated amidst the .physical moss which pri coenpasses it and I lidst the people of the "catarailt state" will have the good sense • and for to elevate him to the United, States oenate—a place_ he is peculiarly fit ted to aPorn. . . - Is a Ontionaltlebt a benefit to the "labor ing classes" who pay the taxes by the sweat Of their brows ? Yet an .enormous,, debt has been created by the Whig party in the . first year of its reign.--/Yashrille Union. On the preaudiption of this being an in nocent mistake, and not an intentional- misstatement of fact, we take leave to ap prize the• writer of the above query and its answer' AA_ 4 einorminis debt" to which he refers - was contracted: udder the knit .4d ministration, being an expenditure .to that amount beyond' the, revenue of the 'Govern ment ; to whiqb excess of eipenditure may be added, also the seventeen milliens of stir-, plus revenge which: that Administration found in the Treasury when iecame into power, and OW before it 'began to con= tract theilebt.--Arat. Intel. The late neiva, from EnOnd . xtot yery intereeting, p• . :1211e.tit):1 2 ,4. 0:441,tvr:, is ~ _ ~ ~ . . . • . .. "Mr. Adams rbse• add rsiild i , Mr.'Svealier: I second the motion, Mid ask the - indulg.etice , of the Ilouse for the . utterence of.a : levii' words; - from a , a heart, full to - overflowitt wjth . anguish, whichno .words can express. • Sir, my acquaintance with Mr. 'William' s coninienced with the _second „Congress of his service in