El
lOW Jit.,
'1
ft;eti !:
MEI
_ ~. ~
B 'KNOX
rITTOR.N:EI' T W, I
- Office ft. few doors West of the
PostOlßCe.'
May ,
Public . Sale.
• Will be 8611(1,iit Public Sale ' oh Wednesday the
2:3(1 of Juue ; noxt at 2 o'clock, P.. 111 .0 on the
pre
mises, •
Farto-of 1471apies of, Slate
• d Lin - 16:s, ton e.1,,1,p,t ) d,
eiltialc hi Mirth .Middleton
,tawnaltip, qumbe'rland
•ebtitiOtWol miles from Middlesex mills,, nail five
. . •Irbm COW: • The iinpi4ovemetitilie good •
•
1 . : z.zl , 1.1 . Log House iSr
. •
I Doilbit, 11111rn
--,-tin'er—part-stone with four,-staltleSoyithThai,k_and_
- &Mit she oils`,tic..ot
L ' which isa genially with a cellar
• wider; • • •
esp..
••'4O 40' EXC LEXT.
• • 0 ROTIAR EL
Di' . •
tbge . t tee w th ititprovernents.; About lop acres
tare cleared, tuuleir ii , ood fence and in a high 'state of
.eultiyalcia;the remaiiider_ia•boVered With gooll'tint
bar, a part of which is Locust; .springs in nearlyall
.tt.i.t:',fields: The' eonoiloguiliet. creek hounds this
•farnvon one side •f25'2 perches, wliich' will afford it•
)lu - cation:for water Wm ks.. Any peystin wishing •to•
Purchase a firm 'ef ticicription iv,ill tlo to
r ex:mine - it, as Tmoleterthincd•to sell, • : .
Applientioli - elin be - zinuletur. Valentine' S.holly . on
the farm or to the stfbseriber
IiOSS--LA.NII3E4TON.-
Afay.l9, 1841,. . , ,
L. the nhoye 4 tiniesmnrk Inie ,- .4lo , ohAege this °nice'
Ni 1V nryr. mou,FA.qrpßY.
F GS leave-toinforni tire citizens of Carl isle and
•vicinity;:that lie • has eoriirneneed manufac
40ligfflats, of : the
,liiteq fashions, and of the very
rnateritifs-‘,-compeising
• .
liVssia, Brush, Beavet . ,,,Nut,ria, , all
kirids' of FUR HaITS,
of whiah a general assortment ivilhalways be-kept
'onilmod; or made to suit according to•order; whirls
lie; will sell* on- the most accommodating terms for
-dish or CounteyProdttee. •- , •
1 - ,lisshop will found in Louther street, in the
house formerly kept by Lindsey Spotswood' as a
Hatters' Shen:
•-•Carlfale;rlgtif
NEW STOKE.
sot T ne he u - s Siencjihsrlas just opened a new and hand,
• . SPRING GOODS, -•
suited to the season, in Notitit Hanover street,•be
tweetr the Bank and Common's Hotel, consisting in
part !of Cloths. 'Cassinuires, Sattinetts; N °stings,
Cords, Stripes; Skirtings, Sheetitigs, Combries,3o
- Lawns, Mouse de Laines a. &c. Sm.
. '•
ALSO,.
•
..:Queensware_ated....Q_ a _w eries.
SPICES,-CHEESE; F:ec. Etc. -- Also;
.130.NWETS,LEG1101?X AND PALM LEAF
I(ATS; together with a great vsuiety.or othei• goods
' , whilehlie will sell low upon accommodating terms.
Please give him a . • •!,
M..IIARRIS.
• May 19, 1.8•41..—1 y:
_ • -
.. • LOOK AT: 4 0111 S: '
acob Dtindore •
Respectfully informs the, citizens of Carlisle. and
its-vicinity,.that he commenced the '
-
Saddlery and Harness inaliing
Igusinesl
in.o its various brancliesin Ma ri, street, one door
'4...ast of the.store of Messrs. Ampey AnilerSom and
a few doors west of Mr. Wunderlich's tavernittliettp
lie will keep constantly on handrail(' manufacture
to
•,- order at the shortest notice and on the most reasotte
terms, • _
S add les,—Bridl esj C ell , ar
.
ness, Trunks, &.c. •
He hopes by itrict attention to business, and an anx
ious desire to please, to merit aml receive a liberal
'share of public patrogage. Having the best of work
men employed, his customers may expect their work
to be done in the neatest and most substantial man
.
19,1811.:
.. . .
•:,* -Simmer Boots; k. - 7 Shoes: •
. Tlie subscriber has added to his former extensive
stock..,of pouts and Shoes, a rel.'''• large and lienerat,
Assortment of Pastern and Philadelphia work; all of
plait will be sold at ccrfreduced prices, at the
store of
barlisfe June 1,1841
rj • -•_ NP ring-7-GOOd•
--- ;
Theoultscribers have just received a fresh supply
seasonabl
. .
• r i •V (- 14 /I / % 4/ ' .
which. titerwill. sell at moderate,,prices for cash,
amomovluch will be found super:Mouse de Lainesi
Lawns, Chintzes, Rennet tiad Dress- Silks,
eiiti*ea; Poorib4zioes, Striped and Plain MuilinS.
\ Also:Black nohair Shawls and Mohair
And Twisted Silk Gloves; super Rice GloVes; a good
.assortment of Tortoise Shell Twist and Side Combs;
• Butfaloe and,Dressing Combs; With a ivariety
pc other,articles not , enumerated. ;
)11 gm= MULVAXY.
. „3: 1 4Y. ,19 0 , 4 41 . • • • •
11" OTIOI - - -
~. . •
.. Estatd of James rlarke, dec'd, :
si od
• r.T T ER. S. ' ,OP 'ADIAIN:ISTIIATIDN, on . the
- • estate of '.lltrus'elarke.)iite Of 'SentltamptOn
30 ItMlji),CilitriliiitEitO. cotiat . ty;,,tle:C.Nr.; have ,keep ,
' gi
'.. Otedtollti#Str; rettln Dopewoll tolit
0‘ , 7 „-t.
stilli,'Clitinty.tifOitesaidr-NihseribeoTteelildatsli;hetteby_givc.m.,to_al_
' persons having claims against the estate of said . de
. . ceased,. t? Veseitt them•for settlement; and those in
. debte'd tbl Mike Immediate payment. . ._..... •
DAVID S.ItIINSiIAW, . )
• • • . lidner. 6,f James. parke, deed.
• Ivtar4
41.484.C..5.,16t.°---,-- l'.'
, --
I=
• 1r ''LETT E 119.0. F:ADAiINIST.I4BTION de belie
RA. min' 'wt . & thei annex ed upon
the estate' of
Nancy ~Ore• , ; late'. of; IklOcAilt!Oßl )l 4g;d ec,d. ' ,aving
lasupdlii the. snbactsbecycsitting #llen.t,o'wnalOp,
'Obnatii" All I:icrintia'indClito.o said 'tleee
dent;iii6 ietieeited td makki psiyineat,iol. those hay...,
Inzydai,tna,..againat. catate, to -present' the saute
duty authentic ;heti fat settlement.. . • • •
• 'JOHN, ttibilgit;
Aditry. bpida-,&C'.•
' .
,
fif4l.--6t
•
.„..
fropA Corn and Oats will be rseeped
c r r at bie Office,
••••M••••• - . „ . .
... . • .. . . ,
-. . . . . . . -,.....
. . ..,„ .. . , . ..„ . .-.. ... - . , . ,
... ... ...-.............-..................-.......
. .
. , .... , .. , . .. .
.. . ,
. .
. . .
. ' * .7 .- • '...‘:: , :•.. .- •:. ' !". ;'-. :
..; . - .2 ' --',..-.... ...:. .:•,..' f-.....-- '..•.-....,.' :,.. , '',..:;:',"-::•••('-:',,:,:':: ..--..,'(,', '',.,. • n , 7'. ...-,..' •, ' - - .
• . .
. .
. . . ..
• . ' 'Ai -,'. .:.•::.'.
1 .....•
... .
- "tort y, . ... ~. , ...
• er:
:.• tan ..
•...
~ ........•,..„
..., , , , ,....„,,......,...„ ,iO.
~x,, 1 1:51tor
...
. ~.•.....:•.•.,,
. ,
~.
~ .
, ..
. . ,
. . .. ~
. - •
,Tl SUbscr , ber o , h ani :
c tul fo
r p
astiavors,
tlay
ors,
respectfully
,informs : the citizens or this county,
that he has removed to the well-ketithiTaVern Stand,
en the North-West corner of - South
,Hanover mid
Pomfret streets,recently occupied by Georgolleetem-,
Esq; where he is prepared to accommodate, in first
rate style, all . thOse wiiii May favor him with-their
custom:, .-....: .. ~. •vn '• '.!-' ‘; --‘' ," - .
The .HOUSE . is large and commt;dious,,and is
fitted up 'and ftirnished ui a style of elegance * and
comfort unsurpassed by hny house in the horough.. , —
a-centra I and—pleasant-rJart-of-th
town, it s,very convenient for • business - Aiten and
, : ,
His TA.BtE will_ ennatently be suppljed_Wit.iithe
best the market 'can afford—and his
BAR with the very hest of liquors. ..
DROVERS will,find it their interest to stop with
hini; as his STABLE is ample, and •w careful and:
ciporieneed Ostler will always 'be found • In.atien•
dance...
the week_ IiIrBOARDERS will be taken -by the
Month, or year. .
I ' 4k m- 1r /rich .
ITAVE 11E:i1OVED'TittinTI)nila AND , 3Oott STOItE s 'TO
the extensi:ye-rdom-lately oeetipititi-hydt.utroto4 , -Cd..
-North Hittaiverratreetineurly opposite the — Carlisle
hank; where every .
variety is, its usual;
Tillhreti on thC most, leasing terms. '
=-111a re I !I4J.
.• - SATIN . SHAWLS.
A new atyle_nr_rig 7 nred Damask Satin Shawls, just .
received at the new store and for sale-by - .
• ARNOLD & ABRAMS.
Alnrch - 31,1841: • '
-
- Bar Iron, - Glass .- &e.
.• lust received atthe New:Sfore of the subscribers.
4 Tani BAR IRO T 4"; of first rate quality, add
for sale very low for C9Bl, per coOsigument, 00 half
Boxes'B by 10 and 1(1 half Box - eS'lo' by 12
Wvstervi Glass, , ,i
-
in
. good-.order,for 'sale to IStercliants at Pittsburg
prices, and Duncannon best
... . ..
i I t ADS AND SPIKES
PeiSnlt§ V IPIR ....m• a.- v. •• - , -- - . l .l
OM 1 : 1 1 . P. 4 1
R lA o rtt h A e N r i I Y I
by the gallon, or Harrel,
St Ttro's. pure,WHITE) .-.E4 ).- 1
* . SNEERS, Edo . feeI., BOSS'E.RMAN*Rz HUTTON.
. - t - arlisle, May
. 50841. . - - -
FILET& SATIN SIIA WlAjust
rece . ved atia ottared for sale at tile' Isredi-btoye in
Siiippansburi;
- •
Aitty 1,.1841
NI OUSLIN Dr. LAINS of new style from 25 to
oentsper yardjost received and for sale
ARNOLD & ABItAMS.
March 31,1841
_... .
. . NOTICE.
...
Estate of Elizabeth. Ferguson, dec'd.
LEICTERS OE ADMINISTRATION
on The 'estate of Elizabeth Ferguson, late of
IV est Pennshorough 'township, Cumberland county,
des4„At t!ye this day been granted to the subscriber,
residing in said township;. Noma is hei•eby given
to till' persons having 'claims against the estate of
itaid decenicd, to presentjthem fot settlemdnt; and
-those-indebted_tO. make. inilTif d iit(p•pyment. • , !,:
. m KriliEW. DAVIPSON, Adm'r. '
May 24, 1841..---Gt • -
. ,
V kg:Tibia . Ittinionolia Lottery.
Class F (or 18 , 11.—T0 be drawn at Alexandria;
-Va. on Saturday, the 10th of June,lB4l.
GaikriDAPITALS.. •
• '
$30,000 -sl.o'ooo.'
25 prizes of $l,OOO I 28. prizes of $3OO
25 . do 500 I :200,. do '2OO.
Tickets $lO-:-Halvesss.L.Quarterii V 50.
Certificates °Meknes of '25 AV hole Tickets $l5O
Do. do 25-Half do' 65
• Do. do ' '25 Quarter do 52 50
CHAS. OGILBY
ME
A FAMILY . NEWSPA:PIEIi:DEVOTEIV.TO NENI4, POLITICS, LITEkAeTIME,. THE ARTS ANDACIENCES, AGRICULTURE , AMUSEMENT,
Lk rumba*
. .
'
„
vNioN2.OOTEL;.:
f.cAittis..t.E;•"l , : - A -
VVAL..., ALLEN,
Carlisle, April 7, 1.841:--tf.
REMOVAL.
The imhkie'iiri!'espec..tfulliinf9rmeil, that-
ARNOLD & ABRAAIS
IL'WIT Al%l'
TTORJ.VB OA' Tt
Office optiosite the darlisle 13aiiic; •
Carlisle, March f24,1841:7 3 rao.
Splendid _Lotteries.
Union Coltcrk, „„
3-Prizes , of, $25,0001
ANIOONTING TO
' 75 00 0 Dollars
I„,A No ior 1i41.--fro be dritwn nt Alextiadria
D. C.. on Saturday the 26t1140f .lune, '
. OItAND 'CAPITALS.. ' .• •
,3 . Prizes of s2s,ooo: : ip,ollare.
.1- .06; 10;00(); -
,I . ' 1. do. ' 2;477
50 'p izes Of :1,000 '
'5O dd. -• • 300 dO.
50. db". ' 250 . do.;'• • -
:• iro'. .200!
Tickets $lO -Halves er . s' $2 50: '-
Certificates of Paekageiof 4 25 Whale Tickets - $1 36. •
Do. do .9.5 65.
do ,25 9,uarte,r du, • 3150
---For-Tsckets-an4_Sharespr CertVcatee' of Pack
tkes Sj)letidul '
GRE.GORY.St Managers,. '
r .„ . Woratino,ton
• Dray/Trigs iontlinined)ntely after, their, are, over to
ftil:.Vlio order ti•titove." -• . !•' ' '
yy,ef•es .BLE, ACIlisD. • In. RS
,'Just- received at' Ole Fw A p• 7
luu t for, •, , •,
P ens urgt ',ARNOLD td; ABRAMS'
,
AfEIY 0 41 .' '
.291 1 1 E cd4Ogg' '
~
receive at e eiv re in 8 tippen .PT
11-r , A RKota) , Kft 8148 1,
..11fay • ,
=EI
Pro
, , a
. , ,
„.c
Edited tcttd PublishOd for *theOpri,ccor m C ) rlis;e l Cumberlandtiiinty; . Pa.
, .
, .• DOCUMENTS •
ACCOMPANYING THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE.
FROM 'THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE
_ . Mr. Fox to Mr. Webster..
. -
~.WASiiii/oroi4, Moral:l2,- 184 J.
-
.The umiersigned, Her Britannic Majes
ty's .Envoy .Extraordinary ' : and Minister
Plenipotentiary - , is inseructed,by his GeV
erninentin make the following official corn' -
munication to the•Goyernment of •the Uni
ted;States. , . • . -. • . ' . • - • ,
''. Her. Ma'esty . "l3 - .Government - have , had
is
under ~ be" ' n t
consideratiohe - Cortespop ,-
dence,,w ich took place at Washington in
December last,,between the United States
Secretary of State, Mr.' Forsyth, and the
undersigned, comprising two'of lcial-letiere.
from the undersigned, dated the 'l3th and
29th of j Pecember, and two.otlicial fetters
7frono-7-14-r-Forsyth-te-the-undersignedolated
,the 26th and 30tItof the same month, upon
"the,•Stiliject of Tthearrestmid imprisonment
of Mr. Alexander 111'1.eod; of Upper Cana-.
da,,by the authorities of the• State of New
Yorli, upon a pretended charge of mien
and murder,-as having been engaged in the
capture an destruction of the steamboat'
"Caroline" on =the 29th" December, 1837.
. 'l' he, undersigned is directed.ift the first
place to, make • known. to the Government
of the • United Stated, that her M'ajei3tY'S
,Government entirely approve•of the-course
corres
pondence,. a , o fi l ,. ? !7 f j arse' g ab u o t,
e,t a ri d i o n ri t t i e o Lbl
pursued by the:undersigned in that correS
lielLeueirasn,
''''A•ifi11l
- i ,
.again.to 41einattl , froin•• the Goverament_of
the United States, forinally,in the name of
tbe Britisli.Gdvertnent,.tlieiiiimediate re.-
cage• - l_
if A likandif M'Le - od. . ' - ..- • •
The grounds Upon Whicfriliii - Britiali
GoVernMent snake 6 - 4; demand - _ upoit . . - the
Goveriithent of the Unite.d States arelhese:
Tharthe - transaction on: ecount of• Which
Mk. M'Ecod•hae . been arrested and is- to be
: pit Open ' his•trial; Wns . a •transaction• of a
public character; planned and executed by
persons duTy empowered by,Her Majesty's
Colonial Authorities, to take any steps-and
-to do.-any acts which might be necessary
for the defence- of Her Majesty's subjects;
and that•ConsequentlythosestibjectS of - her
Majesty who engaged•in that transaction, ,
were performing an act of public.dtity• for 1
Which they cannot be made personally ' il • '
'rho transactionsl:e !'e. 'a" and
..
been, as her tvi., j ,,,..., - question may . har e •
(Onion that it wad, a justifiableenipioymc Ili
Of force - for the purpose, of defending the
'British territory front the unprovoked attack' .
of a band of. BritiSh rebels and AmeriCan; '
. ................. -
pirates who,hnvingbeen permitted to arm At
Lorganize•theinselves Within the territory of
the United States, had !acitiallY.invadid mid - -.
occupied a . portion of the . territory 'of her
Majesty, Or it may. have" been, as' alleged
by Mr.' Forsyth in his note .to the under 7
signed, of the-26th of December,' "a most
unretifiable invasionin time of pence, of
theterritory• of the : United! States." But
this is a rineetioti !essentially, of 'a • political
i inter n at i onal kind which ca n discuss
edor ,_ • ,
and settled only between the two,Gov
lernrinents, and which the courts o justice
of the State of New• York cannot possibly
hate any Means of judging, or any right of
deciding. • ,-
It • would be- - contrary to the universal
practice of civilized nations; to-six individ
ual responsibility upon persons who, with
the sanction or by . the order of the consti
tuted 'authorities of a State, engaged in•
militarv•-or,naval enterprises - in, their Olin-_
try's cadso;'• and it is obvims.that the intro-,
duetion of such a . pyinciple would aggra
vate beyond measure, the miseries, and
Would•frightfully increase' the dempialiiing
`btfects of war, by mixing up ivith national
,iiasperation the ferocity of personal, pas
sions, and the cruelty and bitterness of in
dividual revenge.• . •
.t ' -
' . Her Majesty's Government , canno be ,
lieve that the Government of the United
States can really intend to set an txample,
So fraught with, evil - to the community of
'nations, and the, direct tendency of which
must_be - to bring back into 'the practiec of
nieideren war-atrocities-Which:--civilizatioa
and- christiahity have long. i sinee banished.
- :Neither:pan - her -Majesty's Government
admit for a .iliiiirefit the validity of the doe..
trine adVanced
~by,•.M.f.:Forsyth, that the
Federal G'overnertent - pf 'the United States,
has no power to. interior in - the matter in: -
qtie•stion, - and that the decision thereof must
rest tylely and enti'r'ely with the,State. •of
New. York... - . •,
, ) With the, particulars of theinternal cont
pact .which may exist•between• the .several_
States that compose.-the Unioti, foreign ,
Powers'' ve.nothing. to:do': .. the : relations
of •fore . n ewers. are with the , aggregate .
fore'
-finial , :that . nion le to , thern represented
by thVed i onal ',Governmentv.vd•:of !that
Union. the Federal 'Govermitent is. to them
the ,only ;organ.. 'Therefore, -when: a for-.
sign Tower , has redress to. demand' for la
wrong done to it • Wsiny - State - of - the - Uniow ,-
it is to the Federal Government; and inotio
the• ! separitte•State, -that ,such Power, -Must
look for redress• for that•wrong..: ., And such
_foreign Tower • cannot- admit the-plea! that
t he•l s eprirate - r:StrAflisTatiTindpen detiv h inl y
dverMhichi the,,FederallGiavernmentAati 1
no,centroh , -It' is cib,yinn.w.that ,,• such:a , :'.doe •- • -1 ,
trine, if ailmitted,Lwould,.,at on'et,:,t'ige to- , a-'
dissolution of the Union, as far as intl . -Slat
tion t witti; foreign i powers-14'pr concerned;
and that,•,foreigniponterii in Sticlu!basei•in;
steal ~,ofiticeredithig diplorriatie 4agentsf . : , l6 .
the' Federal Government, would - senthstieh
agents . 'not to llitiMOVerritrient, but to . the
Gryerrinrut or; mselt i attparate ,••State; and
.
------
waßozatuomaz awl/manse airmaa aztuto
war with each State, depend upon the . re
sult of their sepajate intercourse'with such
state; withoutreference to the relations they
Might , haie with the rest. . *.
- Her
.Majesty's. Government 'apprehend
that. the abovels not 'the concluSiOn';at
which. the ; Govern m elitrf;the United States
intend' tOirrive; yet such' is the coticlusiOn
which-tlid'arguments that have been ad
vaneed; by Mr. Fersyth.peeedsarily lead:
t:-Btit- be that as it may,.her - Majesty's
Government formally demanded, tcpen 'the
grounder. alrea - dy.stated; - the - immediefe - i6.,
lease McLeod; - and and her - - Majesty's,
Governments-entreat the President of the
Vnited States,' to take ,into hiti most ilelib
crate consideration; the Serious. nature
,of
the cansegiiences .which must ensue froth' a
rejection of 'this `demand. ' •,'
The United states Governtlient will per
- Tel yeTt r,'7MeLeod . .'s
release, her. Majesty's._ Government' argue
uproirthe assumption that he was One el: the.
. persons .engaged in the capture of • the
steamboat :"Caroline;" bid her Majesty's
Government' have the strongest reasons for
•being amivineed that Mr..MeLeod not
• in fact'engaged in - that transaction; and the
undersigned isliercupon instructed to 'say;
that althotigh theidreumstakie itself 'rakes
no difference in the'p - olitreal -and intern
question - at jasuei and: althotighlier
Majesty's:Government-do not demand Mr.
'McLeod's . release- on: the ground diat - ,lie
was not concerned in the .capttire of:. die
Careline,"'...bitt4ipon.the• ground 'that. the
ea plu rer. the---:"•Milliiie
tlon Of-public character,.for which dipper-.
Nola' ..epgaged in it, ca nOoti Lieu r_jf_ri Cate and
,personal
_reSpontk.bil ity4.. yet , ~the, GOverti
ment of the:United., States must
thiiniaelves;:that. - tfre -- fact - *at
Mr. McLeod was not engaged iiithe trans:
aOtian, must necessarily tend greatly to, in
' flame that national resentment
_which- any
' harm 'that ehall-hesuffered Mr; McLeod,
at the hands of the autkirities of the state
of-NeW YorlE, will infallibly excite through
out•the whole of the British Empire. .
undersigned, in addressing thelire-.
sent official by order Of his
Goiernment,'to 111r.Webiter, Secretary of
State United States,' has the. honor
to Offer to, him Atte, assfirancq of • his distin
guished consideration.
• illte - Hen'. DANIP.L . VELISTi,R H : & S e . '.
:F L
. X .i c
, -'•
' 11 . - 1 -!-, ; - If .- -e 6 8.47...ta_A1%, Fox . •
---The.undeisignek - SetibOry - oe -awric--J
the United Suites ' ids the honor to inform
Mr. Fox;'Envoy Extraordinary and Min-,
ister Plenipotentiary of her Britannic Ma:
jeSty., that his note of the 12tli March; was
received'and laid before the President. . ''
Pircuitistadees well known to Mr. Fox,
have mccessarily.delayed , for some days,
the 'consideration of that note. • • .
IT The undersigned has now . the .honor. 'to
say that it has been, fully consitlered, and
• that he has been directed • by the President,
to address to Mr. Fox the folletving'reply.
•• Mr. Fox informs the Government of the
• United States, that lie is instructed to make
known
. to it that % the Government of her
• Majesty, entirely. approve the course pur
sued by' him in his correspondence with
Mr. .Forsyth in December last, and .the
language Pdopted•by him on that occasion;
and that.that Government Have instructed
' him ".again to demand from the Govern
ment of the United States, formally, in the
name of the British Government. the Owe
diatejtlease of Mr; Alexaoder McLeOdi"
h. N.
t tat. the grodnds upon Which the British
Government make these detnands don't ; the
6,i7ierninent of the United States are these:
That the transaction on ace Lunt of which
MC. McLeod has been •urrested, and .ism , -ter
be put upon, his trial'l was a transaction'of
a public character, planned and executed
by persons, duly e mpowered, by her Wigs-.
ty's colonial authorities, to take
.any steps
andto do any,.,OWßrat tnight•be necessary
far the defence oilier Majesty s territories,
lend.. for the , protection ,of her Majesty's
subjectsjandithat consequently . tkitse Sub
jebts of her !Majesty; who' engaged in. that
.5
transa w
ction, ere performing - an - act - of-pub=
lie duty', •wltich they: cannot be • made
-personallyi n t l-individuallyvanswerable , to
the ~ law and, ,trhunals : of .any, foreign
countr.ye - ~ ti i.: ' . . '. , :• ,
The President n not certain that he un
derstands, precisell• the Oiceoing .intended
by her Miijesty's Government, tp. be. con
treyed• by ,the• forgoing instruction. • , • .
,This doubt: .h4l •iicbasintictl; with the
President Some .11sitatien; but lie inclines
to take it for gran d i that the main purpose
of the instructicOwas to . cause it to be sig;•
nified to the Geiernment of :.the United
States; that , the 'hack on the steamboat
"Caroling" was an act ofpublic' , forte,
timid . hY the.:B fish .colonial' authorities;and `fully; recbgiited by • the: - Queee!S 'Uov;
ernmenvitt homeland thateblisequentlrno
individuaLcoricined in `that -trahseetion;
can according-'t thd lairm:tir nations, ,, be
held:personally; nsiverable'in the :owilinat . 9
co,urtiiefs laWas for a private ofrenee; : 4ind
thut;;tipon this vowtd! . . , of her , Majesty's "
_Giivetncriepti,*exiintiti IvieLeolli,iiiko::ii)
1 priatin lan ;,itivirilictment-for ;.ntiirdttilitilleg,
!au) have been committed in that .attick;
`ought to lie , rele sal by:inielprected i 46 , tis
arefoiOil:arnllnc,anited to the casev , .. , -..
. 1
1 ' 'flie;Piellideitadatittr the innolusionlhat '
MithinViiiiretn'Aiiia. could Lim/Oil:teen iti;
i i
tended to be 'e' tiiiii . edifionif theieetiiiiler
atitiritliat-her . ajesty!s "Govetriiniine Must
bti4ully,Ctiiiiire, at ' in the Unite& 15(ittea . -as
in - Ettolen*r t OtiaecitititletEtindeir..4titlielal
..proecesc_a_n'be - yeleaseci ficim that confine-I
silent only by r jedielif — iiiiiiess. In neither -
do - entry, as - the undersigned - supposes - can
the artn-of the Executive power interlere,
directly or fOrcibly, to release or deliver
the prisoner: His discharge must be sought
in a manner conformable to the law and the
proceedings of courts Of kidicature. Ifln
indictment like that 'which has been found
'against 'Alexander -M,CLeod, nt.l,:iinder • cir
cumetatieeelike- those Which' belting to - his
case; Were_ pendimg againit 'On individtifil in
one' of. the courts - of England, there is no
doubt' That- the-laVvi' Officer-of , the - Crowns
'night enter .o • nolle, prqequi„ or.iliat the
prisoner -might cau - se himself to be 'brought
tin on, Itbea . s - 6 firpti . s and dioClinfgeil, if his'
ground of discharge'illiftl bd'!ajUdged
stifficienti'or_that he might: 'Pr die theiame
facts and insist on the 'nine defence'Or ca- I I
emption - on' his trial. ' " . \.;
L . All these 'are' legalLMOdeiJOl-procCeding-, - ,
'well, known to 'the laws - 'arid, practice. of
both - coontrici. - 'Bot - the undersigiled'does
not suppose' that; if such a case were : to
arise in - England, the power of the Execu.
-live Government : ' could be exerted in
.ony
more direct 'manner: Even in . the case 'of
Ambassadors...and other public Milliken:,
Whose - right to exemption 'from airrest is
'per t sonal, requiring no fact tube ascertained
but the mere,fitct of diplomatic Character,
and to 'arrest Whoin is ' sometimes made" a
. high- ininal offence;, irihe'arreet be actually
madejt-inuit be discharged by-application
to the - courts.-of
.lain:'
'his undetWiod - that Alexander McLeod
istiroftlen-warni4l.7Orr*Civilnms7otr•ber inntirt
process,. for nctenlleged to' have been done
liylnin_intlitattatik 'on the Caroline, and
- his:tlefenee_of grounct_of_acq.uittal-must be.
the.s.ame in both cases.. And. thiS.Stitingly
-illustrates:,_:..ae the.. undersigned. cenceixce,..
the propriety of the foregeing observations;
since. it is quite clear iltat.tho 'Executive
.GoVernment, cannot interfere to arrest a
civil snit between - private' parties in any
stage of its . progress, butz - that - 'spelt suit
puidt- go on , to - its regular judicalte'rinina l .
..tion. 'lf, therefore, any course different
from such - as"have been- now -, mentioned
was in" contemplation of_ her Majesty's
Government, sometbiitg -- Would seem 'to
- have 'been expedted froM - the GOVerk meat
of' tbe United States, as little conformable
to the laws and irsages . of th - e. English Gov
erment as to - ,those of the' United - States,
and 'to which this_Government cannot ac
' The Government of the United States,
.4....-e........Ar.1incr Illion i ll tte..pMtnnptioll'
Mt. FOx's note, - to a, ----.,,,,
the' occasion and its own duly appeared to
require.
In his Mite to -Mr. Fox of the 26th 'IN
D - ecember last, Mr. Forsyth, - the Secretary
or State of the United Statesote.liserves;
..that !.'if the destruction of tlte•-'Carolitte,'
vas a public act,' ofyersons - irlier Majes
ty!s service,,,,pbeying the' order of their su
perior authorities, this fact - bas• not been
before communicated to the Government
of the United States by a persob athoriied
to inalte the : admission;---and-it, will : be for_
the court whichlins.._talien• cognizance of .
'the Offetice with which Mr. McLeod 'is
charged 'to decide upon its validity when
legally .established before it;" and adds,,
-"rliti President deems-this to. be a proper
occasion to remind.the Government of her
Britannic •Majesty, that the case of • the
'Caroline' - has been long since .brought to
the attention of her Majesty's principal
Secretary of State of Foreign Affairs, who
uli to this day,- has not eommuftieuted its
decision thereupon. It is 'hoped , that the
Government of her Majesty willperceive
the importance of •no longer lea.vitig the
Government of the • United States, unin
fanned oflis yie3vs_and intentions upon. a
•subjeet, whichhecnaturally.produced much
exasperation; 'and which has led to such
grave consequences.' - --- •
- The -communication of the fact that the
desttuction of the Caroline"' wos •an" act
'Of public force by .the' I3ritish authorities
being formally .communicated to the GOv'-
ernment of the 'United, States by , Mr. Fox's
:note, the case asanmes a decided aspect.
The Government of the.United - States - en ;
lertainS'n6:doubt-that; atler.this avowal of
theliransietion 'as,' a public transadtion, au :
thorized and itudertaken by .the - 43ritish au
.
individualsconcernedin it'ought
not by the pribeiPles of public law, and the
general,usage of civilized States, to be hot
, den personally:responsihle in the ordinary
tribunals of law. for their participation in it.
And the - President.presumes., that, it cart
hardly be, necessary, to Say•that the,Ameri
cai-peOple, not distrustful of their ability
to redress public wrongs by:public •means,.
cannot; desire, IntniShment - of individn;
ills 'When the act complained of; is declared
le' hni4s been an 'act: of the Government
'• . •
Soon after -the date' of gr. FOOS , note s .
int iiistibe t tiniv Oven to the Attorney
General of' thPlrnited'States•fionri,"this Pe
tiartfrietif, cby - "dfreetiOn
whlch fiillY!iiiittifliith''the','6l).in lone!, irif -MI is
g6iirifOient on `the 'eubject - of!MetemPa
impritiOninent;:ticopi, af . which instruction,
thi'inideraigned'haS.the!lt'onot: hereYitbto
- The'indictttier etend
ding.in'iti!§tate'etitirt;,'bni..his rights,:
, ! what,
no less Sale, it ls ;to
be"iireantited;'tlibtf ' 'he
one of the'eeinitti
►
Hi. de iitandS ,ilerS6ol
1104 nil th‘l'..lair teates,' is
be respecte d in.all courts. -None is either
So high or so low as to escape from
thOityin cases .r tiii which its rules and prin: , '
ciples apply.' • •
This Department has been regularly in
formed, by his excellency
,the Govertior of
the State of New York, that the Chief Jos
vice Of that State was assigned to preside
at the hearing,anil..trial of McLeod's:case,
but that, owing tasonne error oi mistake
in the process of summoning the jury, the
hearing was necessarily deferred. •
iThe President regrets this occurrence, as
hahas - a - rdesirefor!a speejy.disposition of
the subject. ...The counsel for .McLeodl
ha i ve
_requested aatiientic evidence Of the!
aiiewal by the. British GOvernin era., oc-, the,
attack,Orianddestruction of the"ParOltne,"!
as ants. done under 'ifs authority, and
..snch
cridence.will he furnished to them-by this
'Departments`
-- It - is - understood - that - the - intliutrnent - has
been remnyedinto: the Supreme Court 0(
Ilie - Statejiy the properproeeeding forvh.ar
purpose, and that it is now competent, for!
McLeod, by the' 'ordinary prriCess of hiireil
Leas 'corpus, to
. }wring his ease for hearing ,
before that tribunal. • •. • .
The undersigned hardly needs to assure
Mr. Fox that a tribunal so. eminently dis
tinguished' for ability- and learning as the
Stiprenie
.Cciurt of the . State of New •Yerk,
may be safely relied, upim•for the
- just and
impartial administraiintr the lair Wilds'
as . well as in other cases; ' and the;under-i
Signed .repeani the _expression nivhe desire!
of this Government that i-. 0 delny - -inay,be!
.
"vrd'erfed•l7.-1117 - filit - Wiii - frieW,rffiliarellings
WhOiltiiabe avoided. Of illis,desirc
Fox will' see evidence, in• the. in'strnetions
ntior e re rred to,
The undersigned has - new to signify to
IFOx_that :Abe. Go vein ineet.ol. the _Unit,
•ted States has not clitinged'jlie -opinion
whieh-it has heretofoye expressed to .Her
Majesty's GOvernment of the character of
tri . e act of destroying the "Caroline."
I •It does not think that thetransaction-can
he justified by any reasoirable application
or construction of the right of self-defence,
I r under the laws of - nations. It is inlmitted
that a just right of self-delence-attadhcs al
whiya to nations, as well. as to individuals;
and this is egpsllynecessary kir the pre
servation of • both. But,the extent of thiS
right is a question to be judged of by the
eircumstances , of .eachiarticular case; and'
when its ~ alleged exercise--has-led--to -the
commission of hostile acts within the -ter
ritory of a Power at peaces, nothing less
than a•eleur and absolute necessity can af
liiihr-tnra-mr5,,4.4n.,,,km_.
tikable as an act of - self-defence, u
signed,inanestly renewing the remonstrance
of this Giii 4 ernment against the - trariaction,
abstainsVihr the present, from any ei4end
edb discussion of the question. But it is
deemed' prciper,•nevertlieleSS, not to omit
hi take.some - notice of the general grounds .
of,juefilication Stated. by Her Milje:ity's
GevernMent•in their instruction to Mr.
„
__..Her Majesty's Government have.instrue
ted•Mr.l'ox for Say that they are of Opio
ion .thaf the transaction - which terminated
in the 'destruction of the Caroline was,a
justifiable employment of force, for the
purpose of defendiirg the British territory
from the
,unprovolted attack of a band of
British rebera and American pirates, who
have been' "permitted” to arm and organize
themselves within the United States,.and
had. actually invaded a portion of the te,rri
ory.of Her Majesty.
The President cannot supposelhat . Her
Majeity'e..Government,.by the use of these
terms, meant to 11e understood as intimating
that those acts, violating the laws of the
United. States,•an k cifilisturbing the peace of
the British territories, were done under any,
degree•of cOnntenance from this Govern
ment, or were regarded by it with indiffer
ence;' or that, under. the cireumstancei of,
the= case, they 'could hare been prevented
by the Ordinary.course of proceeding. A!-
'though lie regrets - thitchy fliSing the tern;
permitted,' a - poSsible inference of that
kind.,tnight be raised, yet such an inference
the President is willing to believe, would
be quite `unjust to the intentions of :the
- British Government, , •
.. -- That on-aline-of - frontier slid' as separ
- rates the United States from ller,Britannic
. Majesty's North American Frovinces—c
line long , : enough to divide the .Whole of
'Europe tnte.,lialve‘tilregularities ,
violen
-cei, and conflictsaho sometimeioeeui,
equally against . the will. of both 'Ginveriir
nents,is certainly
. easilytti 'be . supposed.
This may . more poeSible;.perliaps,,in
regard to the United States, without any
reproaeh.to,their.,66yereinent,,diticit their
institutions entirelY,disbOnragel'the.lief . ping
up of 14ge . .ataOdiog armies in oo*orpoaco,
and theft. situation happily .Xeittrts
frottilhe:neeessity, of intin4aining such .
Pensive itod:daiitgerniis
that `Opecto frotii . '',eithetGoy , eppr
hieritlWihe:se . eases :
desire, to . preeerye 014,0,0.044,10 jitttice * . the 1 ,
.ute.,?fT 11 14etiefloi prp 101, ! atid
4:0O etthelesS,tliat; if,'OtPi* t0r..1
artiaYisiireVent;etl; . o . 'rt
6610* -pltiitfAcitr;,: : ,tik„olt:toit,p4 ) ec t l.
Abrit - this -,
ii4O - ity 14' 'tj* wierrpolinoii .'ef its - thi ties. ).
G r OetoOtetkt,oro,pj9ool4
to tipeal(ol,,tirAia, ,toiaeOcen citizen s .
who. too Pat6yttlt Veilionsin Canada en.
gaged in a s ,itiatOctittiri,,rtgajnat, ,: the,lP r ,W..
Isk.-ooyfirtitneot;,as`”*Reftcritt:fi tat e s.' '
The iintlersigod;thiee p t ain l -t. Alto ,pro;
Priet: at' ftsti . Ce `OC . tkits•lest liation,._.ll
lOW' s nataasz o a ce 60--inc) s vc•
citizens of the United. States fitted OutiVr—ii
were engaged in :fittingout; a - militarY-ex._
pedition . from the United States, 'intetiad
to 'act against the'. 'British poVernment: in' •
Canada, they .were clearly- violating • the
laws of their. country, and" exposing them-‘
selves to. the,: just .eorisequenees- which .
might be inflicted.on them if taken within •
the Briiish dominions. ' But notwithstand.
ing _this, they Vereiyeertainlyi,not pirated,
nor does the undersigned - think thatit can.
advance Ihe purpose of fair and friendly
discussion, ; or hasten the accommodation.
f national difficulties, so io detiorniaato
them., There OfrenCe,. whaever it me, •
had no analogy lo eases of 'piracy. `` . Surin
posing all .that is . alleged .against• them to
'be true, they were taking - a part in What.
they regarded as a civil war, and they were
takinga part onr the'side of the rebels.— , -.
Surely, England herself has. rot regarded
persons thus engagthlYas : deserVing ttte tip.
pel"lation which.lier Sllajesty's_Governmedt
bestows on these.-Citizens.- of • the :-41a heti- --
States. . . .
.
' It Is quite notorious that,Tar the,greatest
part of, the last .two centuries, subjects of
the British - Crown. have been - permitted to
engage in foreign - wars, both national 'and
civil, and in :the latter, iii oyery stage of
their, progress; and yet .it .has not been.
imagined - that - England has.at any time at-. r
lowed her siihjects to turrtEirates._. indeed,.
in
.OilioWii• tithes, not only•have individual
',subjects of that Crown gone abroad to en ,
gage, in civil war9 , but we have seen Whole
regiments iopebly, recruited, , einlindietk at
-iii-ed;''antrirs-r England ; with the- : •-
.avowed pprpose pl . -aiding a rebellion;against .
a nation with "whichh-England was at peace;
althaugh -- iLls ;true. that; subsequently, an
act of Parliarrthnt was passed to , prevent
transaction's - ,sa_neirly,approaching --to..
public war, without licedse from the Crown,:
It may he'Said there is" a difference.
tween the caseof a civil war, arising Troth
,a disputed succcssi n, or a 'protracted
, volt - of a coltinY,against the' . mother •coun
t,-a e
rynd the eas of a fresh outbreak, at the
commencement : Sire rebellion. The under-_
signed does not derii,:thatstich4listinetiat
may, On certain purposei, be. deemed welt
ibunded. •. - admits that -a , Governrtie.nt.,....,
called upon to consider its own rights,.iu-=.
wrests, and duties, when civil wars break,
out in .other Countries, may:decide oti,en
the - eircdthitances of the partieular;case , , -
upon its own existing stipulations, on pro
bable results, en what its own security. re - -- .
quires, and on many other Considerations.
It may. be already bound to assist one. par
t , orit may becometbfind,ir it so chooses..
their own counify;iar - ittrwv•+.o. 4
treated, if
..taken
Governmentwith arms their_hande,,
in tbe,teriitory. of the
*Well the Standard of revolt, is raisetl,.caty,•.
not be denominated pirates, without depart
ing:Vein all ordinary use of language in the
definition of offences. A. cause which has
so foul arr origin as piracy, cannot, in its
pro ,
gess or by its' success, obtain a claim
to any degree of - respectability, or tolerance,.
among nations ; and, civil • wars, therefore.
are 'tot- understand to .have
•
te - suck' a corn- .
mencement. ,
It is well known to Mr. Fox, that •
d:trines of the highest eminence in' Eug,--'
land, - living and dead, have maintained that
the general law of nations does not forbid •
th&eitizeits or subjects of One Government
from taking part in the civil commotions
another.- There is some reason, indeed,
to think that such may be .the opinion of
par Majesty's Government at the present
moment.,, .•
l'he undersigned hat maile . ,these re
marks, from the -conviction that it is im
portant to_ regard established distinctions, •
and to view the*.aets -and offences of indi
viduals-in-the exactly proper light. -But it .
is not to be inferred. that there is, en the
.part .of this Government, any purpose of
extenuating; -in the . _ slightest. degree, 'the
crimes of those persons, citizens of ;•tlie
United Slides,* who have joined in military
expeditions against the British Government -
in Canada. On the . trot . Presi
dent directs the undeesigee to say that-it
- is his - fixed• - resolution. thatallituelt-distu'rb . ±.
ers -of, the'national peace. and violators Of
the laws of their country shall-be brought
113 exemplary punishment: Nor will ri tlio
fact that they. are instigated and led onto
these excesses by British subjects,refugeee
from the provinces, - be:deemed any excutol
or palliation; although, it is well worthy of
being remembered that the , .prierie.movera
of these ilisiurbanees on the- , bortfeis
subjects
,of , the Queen,: who come fwitbin:
the 'territories of the. United.Statesilieeking
to, enlist, the sj m thiel 'of their- :citizens;
by all `the motives, i.which they, are. aide to
athlressiu). them, on: acchunt of . - giievaneei;
reel ,or imaginary. • There' is' no' reason
b,e'te,ve : that-the degign of any lifitilemottei.*
meet: fmtn, t hel:United .States ; against
,Ctinei ,
commenced :ht.'. the
Statesi - ,,Thif. true origiwof - inch
purposes and such , tinterprizes
other side. cf the :line, ;-But the 'President , "
resolutions, prevenitthese,*transgressious.:
Strong. -,ltis!trikenuot , onlyinlcOnforrnity : ,
to,lkin;ilpriiUntlerthe_provision' of , existing
law fulls onaneetinttrthe 7 4* -
lablialtetkprinciides--and;,practice thiti
GevOrentent of; Settee
has fiiit4;felleejintit the doubts;
eletWifire .entertaittethorlbeiine' 4iatiletit cif
the , thtlite• of , oeutiality4 , !
howevo . ,triihavti been le ,lese'c'''
II
=II
EMI