El lOW Jit., '1 ft;eti !: MEI _ ~. ~ B 'KNOX rITTOR.N:EI' T W, I - Office ft. few doors West of the PostOlßCe.' May , Public . Sale. • Will be 8611(1,iit Public Sale ' oh Wednesday the 2:3(1 of Juue ; noxt at 2 o'clock, P.. 111 .0 on the pre mises, • Farto-of 1471apies of, Slate • d Lin - 16:s, ton e.1,,1,p,t ) d, eiltialc hi Mirth .Middleton ,tawnaltip, qumbe'rland •ebtitiOtWol miles from Middlesex mills,, nail five . . •Irbm COW: • The iinpi4ovemetitilie good • • 1 . : z.zl , 1.1 . Log House iSr . • I Doilbit, 11111rn --,-tin'er—part-stone with four,-staltleSoyithThai,k_and_ - &Mit she oils`,tic..ot L ' which isa genially with a cellar • wider; • • • esp.. ••'4O 40' EXC LEXT. • • 0 ROTIAR EL Di' . • tbge . t tee w th ititprovernents.; About lop acres tare cleared, tuuleir ii , ood fence and in a high 'state of .eultiyalcia;the remaiiider_ia•boVered With gooll'tint bar, a part of which is Locust; .springs in nearlyall .tt.i.t:',fields: The' eonoiloguiliet. creek hounds this •farnvon one side •f25'2 perches, wliich' will afford it• )lu - cation:for water Wm ks.. Any peystin wishing •to• Purchase a firm 'ef ticicription iv,ill tlo to r ex:mine - it, as Tmoleterthincd•to sell, • : . Applientioli - elin be - zinuletur. Valentine' S.holly . on the farm or to the stfbseriber IiOSS--LA.NII3E4TON.- Afay.l9, 1841,. . , , L. the nhoye 4 tiniesmnrk Inie ,- .4lo , ohAege this °nice' Ni 1V nryr. mou,FA.qrpßY. F GS leave-toinforni tire citizens of Carl isle and •vicinity;:that lie • has eoriirneneed manufac 40ligfflats, of : the ,liiteq fashions, and of the very rnateritifs-‘,-compeising • . liVssia, Brush, Beavet . ,,,Nut,ria, , all kirids' of FUR HaITS, of whiah a general assortment ivilhalways be-kept 'onilmod; or made to suit according to•order; whirls lie; will sell* on- the most accommodating terms for -dish or CounteyProdttee. •- , • 1 - ,lisshop will found in Louther street, in the house formerly kept by Lindsey Spotswood' as a Hatters' Shen: •-•Carlfale;rlgtif NEW STOKE. sot T ne he u - s Siencjihsrlas just opened a new and hand, • . SPRING GOODS, -• suited to the season, in Notitit Hanover street,•be tweetr the Bank and Common's Hotel, consisting in part !of Cloths. 'Cassinuires, Sattinetts; N °stings, Cords, Stripes; Skirtings, Sheetitigs, Combries,3o - Lawns, Mouse de Laines a. &c. Sm. . '• ALSO,. • ..:Queensware_ated....Q_ a _w eries. SPICES,-CHEESE; F:ec. Etc. -- Also; .130.NWETS,LEG1101?X AND PALM LEAF I(ATS; together with a great vsuiety.or othei• goods ' , whilehlie will sell low upon accommodating terms. Please give him a . • •!, M..IIARRIS. • May 19, 1.8•41..—1 y: _ • - .. • LOOK AT: 4 0111 S: ' acob Dtindore • Respectfully informs the, citizens of Carlisle. and its-vicinity,.that he commenced the ' - Saddlery and Harness inaliing Igusinesl in.o its various brancliesin Ma ri, street, one door '4...ast of the.store of Messrs. Ampey AnilerSom and a few doors west of Mr. Wunderlich's tavernittliettp lie will keep constantly on handrail(' manufacture to •,- order at the shortest notice and on the most reasotte terms, • _ S add les,—Bridl esj C ell , ar . ness, Trunks, &.c. • He hopes by itrict attention to business, and an anx ious desire to please, to merit aml receive a liberal 'share of public patrogage. Having the best of work men employed, his customers may expect their work to be done in the neatest and most substantial man . 19,1811.: .. . . •:,* -Simmer Boots; k. - 7 Shoes: • . Tlie subscriber has added to his former extensive stock..,of pouts and Shoes, a rel.'''• large and lienerat, Assortment of Pastern and Philadelphia work; all of plait will be sold at ccrfreduced prices, at the store of barlisfe June 1,1841 rj • -•_ NP ring-7-GOOd• --- ; Theoultscribers have just received a fresh supply seasonabl . . • r i •V (- 14 /I / % 4/ ' . which. titerwill. sell at moderate,,prices for cash, amomovluch will be found super:Mouse de Lainesi Lawns, Chintzes, Rennet tiad Dress- Silks, eiiti*ea; Poorib4zioes, Striped and Plain MuilinS. \ Also:Black nohair Shawls and Mohair And Twisted Silk Gloves; super Rice GloVes; a good .assortment of Tortoise Shell Twist and Side Combs; • Butfaloe and,Dressing Combs; With a ivariety pc other,articles not , enumerated. ; )11 gm= MULVAXY. . „3: 1 4Y. ,19 0 , 4 41 . • • • • 11" OTIOI - - - ~. . • .. Estatd of James rlarke, dec'd, : si od • r.T T ER. S. ' ,OP 'ADIAIN:ISTIIATIDN, on . the - • estate of '.lltrus'elarke.)iite Of 'SentltamptOn 30 ItMlji),CilitriliiitEitO. cotiat . ty;,,tle:C.Nr.; have ,keep , ' gi '.. Otedtollti#Str; rettln Dopewoll tolit 0‘ , 7 „-t. stilli,'Clitinty.tifOitesaidr-NihseribeoTteelildatsli;hetteby_givc.m.,to_al_ ' persons having claims against the estate of said . de . . ceased,. t? Veseitt them•for settlement; and those in . debte'd tbl Mike Immediate payment. . ._..... • DAVID S.ItIINSiIAW, . ) • • • . lidner. 6,f James. parke, deed. • Ivtar4 41.484.C..5.,16t.°---,-- l'.' , -- I= • 1r ''LETT E 119.0. F:ADAiINIST.I4BTION de belie RA. min' 'wt . & thei annex ed upon the estate' of Nancy ~Ore• , ; late'. of; IklOcAilt!Oßl )l 4g;d ec,d. ' ,aving lasupdlii the. snbactsbecycsitting #llen.t,o'wnalOp, 'Obnatii" All I:icrintia'indClito.o said 'tleee dent;iii6 ietieeited td makki psiyineat,iol. those hay..., Inzydai,tna,..againat. catate, to -present' the saute duty authentic ;heti fat settlement.. . • • • • 'JOHN, ttibilgit; Aditry. bpida-,&C'.• ' . , fif4l.--6t • .„.. fropA Corn and Oats will be rseeped c r r at bie Office, ••••M••••• - . „ . . ... . • .. . . , -. . . . . . . -,..... . . ..,„ .. . , . ..„ . .-.. ... - . , . , ... ... ...-.............-..................-....... . . . , .... , .. , . .. . .. . , . . . . . . ' * .7 .- • '...‘:: , :•.. .- •:. ' !". ;'-. : ..; . - .2 ' --',..-.... ...:. .:•,..' f-.....-- '..•.-....,.' :,.. , '',..:;:',"-::•••('-:',,:,:':: ..--..,'(,', '',.,. • n , 7'. ...-,..' •, ' - - . • . . . . . . . .. • . ' 'Ai -,'. .:.•::.'. 1 .....• ... . - "tort y, . ... ~. , ... • er: :.• tan .. •... ~ ........•,..„ ..., , , , ,....„,,......,...„ ,iO. ~x,, 1 1:51tor ... . ~.•.....:•.•.,, . , ~. ~ . , .. . . , . . .. ~ . - • ,Tl SUbscr , ber o , h ani : c tul fo r p astiavors, tlay ors, respectfully ,informs : the citizens or this county, that he has removed to the well-ketithiTaVern Stand, en the North-West corner of - South ,Hanover mid Pomfret streets,recently occupied by Georgolleetem-, Esq; where he is prepared to accommodate, in first rate style, all . thOse wiiii May favor him with-their custom:, .-....: .. ~. •vn '• '.!-' ‘; --‘' ," - . The .HOUSE . is large and commt;dious,,and is fitted up 'and ftirnished ui a style of elegance * and comfort unsurpassed by hny house in the horough.. , — a-centra I and—pleasant-rJart-of-th town, it s,very convenient for • business - Aiten and , : , His TA.BtE will_ ennatently be suppljed_Wit.iithe best the market 'can afford—and his BAR with the very hest of liquors. .. DROVERS will,find it their interest to stop with hini; as his STABLE is ample, and •w careful and: ciporieneed Ostler will always 'be found • In.atien• dance... the week_ IiIrBOARDERS will be taken -by the Month, or year. . I ' 4k m- 1r /rich . ITAVE 11E:i1OVED'TittinTI)nila AND , 3Oott STOItE s 'TO the extensi:ye-rdom-lately oeetipititi-hydt.utroto4 , -Cd.. -North Hittaiverratreetineurly opposite the — Carlisle hank; where every . variety is, its usual; Tillhreti on thC most, leasing terms. ' =-111a re I !I4J. .• - SATIN . SHAWLS. A new atyle_nr_rig 7 nred Damask Satin Shawls, just . received at the new store and for sale-by - . • ARNOLD & ABRAMS. Alnrch - 31,1841: • ' - - Bar Iron, - Glass .- &e. .• lust received atthe New:Sfore of the subscribers. 4 Tani BAR IRO T 4"; of first rate quality, add for sale very low for C9Bl, per coOsigument, 00 half Boxes'B by 10 and 1(1 half Box - eS'lo' by 12 Wvstervi Glass, , ,i - in . good-.order,for 'sale to IStercliants at Pittsburg prices, and Duncannon best ... . .. i I t ADS AND SPIKES PeiSnlt§ V IPIR ....m• a.- v. •• - , -- - . l .l OM 1 : 1 1 . P. 4 1 R lA o rtt h A e N r i I Y I by the gallon, or Harrel, St Ttro's. pure,WHITE) .-.E4 ).- 1 * . SNEERS, Edo . feeI., BOSS'E.RMAN*Rz HUTTON. . - t - arlisle, May . 50841. . - - - FILET& SATIN SIIA WlAjust rece . ved atia ottared for sale at tile' Isredi-btoye in Siiippansburi; - • Aitty 1,.1841 NI OUSLIN Dr. LAINS of new style from 25 to oentsper yardjost received and for sale ARNOLD & ABItAMS. March 31,1841 _... . . . NOTICE. ... Estate of Elizabeth. Ferguson, dec'd. LEICTERS OE ADMINISTRATION on The 'estate of Elizabeth Ferguson, late of IV est Pennshorough 'township, Cumberland county, des4„At t!ye this day been granted to the subscriber, residing in said township;. Noma is hei•eby given to till' persons having 'claims against the estate of itaid decenicd, to presentjthem fot settlemdnt; and -those-indebted_tO. make. inilTif d iit(p•pyment. • , !,: . m KriliEW. DAVIPSON, Adm'r. ' May 24, 1841..---Gt • - . , V kg:Tibia . Ittinionolia Lottery. Class F (or 18 , 11.—T0 be drawn at Alexandria; -Va. on Saturday, the 10th of June,lB4l. GaikriDAPITALS.. • • ' $30,000 -sl.o'ooo.' 25 prizes of $l,OOO I 28. prizes of $3OO 25 . do 500 I :200,. do '2OO. Tickets $lO-:-Halvesss.L.Quarterii V 50. Certificates °Meknes of '25 AV hole Tickets $l5O Do. do 25-Half do' 65 • Do. do ' '25 Quarter do 52 50 CHAS. OGILBY ME A FAMILY . NEWSPA:PIEIi:DEVOTEIV.TO NENI4, POLITICS, LITEkAeTIME,. THE ARTS ANDACIENCES, AGRICULTURE , AMUSEMENT, Lk rumba* . . ' „ vNioN2.OOTEL;.: f.cAittis..t.E;•"l , : - A - VVAL..., ALLEN, Carlisle, April 7, 1.841:--tf. REMOVAL. The imhkie'iiri!'espec..tfulliinf9rmeil, that- ARNOLD & ABRAAIS IL'WIT Al%l' TTORJ.VB OA' Tt Office optiosite the darlisle 13aiiic; • Carlisle, March f24,1841:7 3 rao. Splendid _Lotteries. Union Coltcrk, „„ 3-Prizes , of, $25,0001 ANIOONTING TO ' 75 00 0 Dollars I„,A No ior 1i41.--fro be dritwn nt Alextiadria D. C.. on Saturday the 26t1140f .lune, ' . OItAND 'CAPITALS.. ' .• • ,3 . Prizes of s2s,ooo: : ip,ollare. .1- .06; 10;00(); - ,I . ' 1. do. ' 2;477 50 'p izes Of :1,000 ' '5O dd. -• • 300 dO. 50. db". ' 250 . do.;'• • - :• iro'. .200! Tickets $lO -Halves er . s' $2 50: '- Certificates of Paekageiof 4 25 Whale Tickets - $1 36. • Do. do .9.5 65. do ,25 9,uarte,r du, • 3150 ---For-Tsckets-an4_Sharespr CertVcatee' of Pack tkes Sj)letidul ' GRE.GORY.St Managers,. ' r .„ . Woratino,ton • Dray/Trigs iontlinined)ntely after, their, are, over to ftil:.Vlio order ti•titove." -• . !•' ' ' yy,ef•es .BLE, ACIlisD. • In. RS ,'Just- received at' Ole Fw A p• 7 luu t for, •, , •, P ens urgt ',ARNOLD td; ABRAMS' , AfEIY 0 41 .' ' .291 1 1 E cd4Ogg' ' ~ receive at e eiv re in 8 tippen .PT 11-r , A RKota) , Kft 8148 1, ..11fay • , =EI Pro , , a . , , „.c Edited tcttd PublishOd for *theOpri,ccor m C ) rlis;e l Cumberlandtiiinty; . Pa. , . , .• DOCUMENTS • ACCOMPANYING THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE. FROM 'THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE _ . Mr. Fox to Mr. Webster.. . - ~.WASiiii/oroi4, Moral:l2,- 184 J. - .The umiersigned, Her Britannic Majes ty's .Envoy .Extraordinary ' : and Minister Plenipotentiary - , is inseructed,by his GeV erninentin make the following official corn' - munication to the•Goyernment of •the Uni ted;States. , . • . -. • . ' . • - • , ''. Her. Ma'esty . "l3 - .Government - have , had is under ~ be" ' n t consideratiohe - Cortespop ,- dence,,w ich took place at Washington in December last,,between the United States Secretary of State, Mr.' Forsyth, and the undersigned, comprising two'of lcial-letiere. from the undersigned, dated the 'l3th and 29th of j Pecember, and two.otlicial fetters 7frono-7-14-r-Forsyth-te-the-undersignedolated ,the 26th and 30tItof the same month, upon "the,•Stiliject of Tthearrestmid imprisonment of Mr. Alexander 111'1.eod; of Upper Cana-. da,,by the authorities of the• State of New Yorli, upon a pretended charge of mien and murder,-as having been engaged in the capture an destruction of the steamboat' "Caroline" on =the 29th" December, 1837. . 'l' he, undersigned is directed.ift the first place to, make • known. to the Government of the • United Stated, that her M'ajei3tY'S ,Government entirely approve•of the-course corres pondence,. a , o fi l ,. ? !7 f j arse' g ab u o t, e,t a ri d i o n ri t t i e o Lbl pursued by the:undersigned in that correS lielLeueirasn, ''''A•ifi11l - i , .again.to 41einattl , froin•• the Goverament_of the United States, forinally,in the name of tbe Britisli.Gdvertnent,.tlieiiiimediate re.- cage• - l_ if A likandif M'Le - od. . ' - ..- • • The grounds Upon Whicfriliii - Britiali GoVernMent snake 6 - 4; demand - _ upoit . . - the Goveriithent of the Unite.d States arelhese: Tharthe - transaction on: ecount of• Which Mk. M'Ecod•hae . been arrested and is- to be : pit Open ' his•trial; Wns . a •transaction• of a public character; planned and executed by persons duTy empowered by,Her Majesty's Colonial Authorities, to take any steps-and -to do.-any acts which might be necessary for the defence- of Her Majesty's subjects; and that•ConsequentlythosestibjectS of - her Majesty who engaged•in that transaction, , were performing an act of public.dtity• for 1 Which they cannot be made personally ' il • ' 'rho transactionsl:e !'e. 'a" and .. been, as her tvi., j ,,,..., - question may . har e • (Onion that it wad, a justifiableenipioymc Ili Of force - for the purpose, of defending the 'British territory front the unprovoked attack' . of a band of. BritiSh rebels and AmeriCan; ' . ................. - pirates who,hnvingbeen permitted to arm At Lorganize•theinselves Within the territory of the United States, had !acitiallY.invadid mid - -. occupied a . portion of the . territory 'of her Majesty, Or it may. have" been, as' alleged by Mr.' Forsyth in his note .to the under 7 signed, of the-26th of December,' "a most unretifiable invasionin time of pence, of theterritory• of the : United! States." But this is a rineetioti !essentially, of 'a • political i inter n at i onal kind which ca n discuss edor ,_ • , and settled only between the two,Gov lernrinents, and which the courts o justice of the State of New• York cannot possibly hate any Means of judging, or any right of deciding. • ,- It • would be- - contrary to the universal practice of civilized nations; to-six individ ual responsibility upon persons who, with the sanction or by . the order of the consti tuted 'authorities of a State, engaged in• militarv•-or,naval enterprises - in, their Olin-_ try's cadso;'• and it is obvims.that the intro-, duetion of such a . pyinciple would aggra vate beyond measure, the miseries, and Would•frightfully increase' the dempialiiing `btfects of war, by mixing up ivith national ,iiasperation the ferocity of personal, pas sions, and the cruelty and bitterness of in dividual revenge.• . • .t ' - ' . Her Majesty's Government , canno be , lieve that the Government of the United States can really intend to set an txample, So fraught with, evil - to the community of 'nations, and the, direct tendency of which must_be - to bring back into 'the practiec of nieideren war-atrocities-Which:--civilizatioa and- christiahity have long. i sinee banished. - :Neither:pan - her -Majesty's Government admit for a .iliiiirefit the validity of the doe.. trine adVanced ~by,•.M.f.:Forsyth, that the Federal G'overnertent - pf 'the United States, has no power to. interior in - the matter in: - qtie•stion, - and that the decision thereof must rest tylely and enti'r'ely with the,State. •of New. York... - . •, , ) With the, particulars of theinternal cont pact .which may exist•between• the .several_ States that compose.-the Unioti, foreign , Powers'' ve.nothing. to:do': .. the : relations of •fore . n ewers. are with the , aggregate . fore' -finial , :that . nion le to , thern represented by thVed i onal ',Governmentv.vd•:of !that Union. the Federal 'Govermitent is. to them the ,only ;organ.. 'Therefore, -when: a for-. sign Tower , has redress to. demand' for la wrong done to it • Wsiny - State - of - the - Uniow ,- it is to the Federal Government; and inotio the• ! separitte•State, -that ,such Power, -Must look for redress• for that•wrong..: ., And such _foreign Tower • cannot- admit the-plea! that t he•l s eprirate - r:StrAflisTatiTindpen detiv h inl y dverMhichi the,,FederallGiavernmentAati 1 no,centroh , -It' is cib,yinn.w.that ,,• such:a , :'.doe •- • -1 , trine, if ailmitted,Lwould,.,at on'et,:,t'ige to- , a-' dissolution of the Union, as far as intl . -Slat tion t witti; foreign i powers-14'pr concerned; and that,•,foreigniponterii in Sticlu!basei•in; steal ~,ofiticeredithig diplorriatie 4agentsf . : , l6 . the' Federal Government, would - senthstieh agents . 'not to llitiMOVerritrient, but to . the Gryerrinrut or; mselt i attparate ,••State; and . ------ waßozatuomaz awl/manse airmaa aztuto war with each State, depend upon the . re sult of their sepajate intercourse'with such state; withoutreference to the relations they Might , haie with the rest. . *. - Her .Majesty's. Government 'apprehend that. the abovels not 'the concluSiOn';at which. the ; Govern m elitrf;the United States intend' tOirrive; yet such' is the coticlusiOn which-tlid'arguments that have been ad vaneed; by Mr. Fersyth.peeedsarily lead: t:-Btit- be that as it may,.her - Majesty's Government formally demanded, tcpen 'the grounder. alrea - dy.stated; - the - immediefe - i6., lease McLeod; - and and her - - Majesty's, Governments-entreat the President of the Vnited States,' to take ,into hiti most ilelib crate consideration; the Serious. nature ,of the cansegiiences .which must ensue froth' a rejection of 'this `demand. ' •,' The United states Governtlient will per - Tel yeTt r,'7MeLeod . .'s release, her. Majesty's._ Government' argue uproirthe assumption that he was One el: the. . persons .engaged in the capture of • the steamboat :"Caroline;" bid her Majesty's Government' have the strongest reasons for •being amivineed that Mr..MeLeod not • in fact'engaged in - that transaction; and the undersigned isliercupon instructed to 'say; that althotigh theidreumstakie itself 'rakes no difference in the'p - olitreal -and intern question - at jasuei and: althotighlier Majesty's:Government-do not demand Mr. 'McLeod's . release- on: the ground diat - ,lie was not concerned in the .capttire of:. die Careline,"'...bitt4ipon.the• ground 'that. the ea plu rer. the---:"•Milliiie tlon Of-public character,.for which dipper-. Nola' ..epgaged in it, ca nOoti Lieu r_jf_ri Cate and ,personal _reSpontk.bil ity4.. yet , ~the, GOverti ment of the:United., States must thiiniaelves;:that. - tfre -- fact - *at Mr. McLeod was not engaged iiithe trans: aOtian, must necessarily tend greatly to, in ' flame that national resentment _which- any ' harm 'that ehall-hesuffered Mr; McLeod, at the hands of the autkirities of the state of-NeW YorlE, will infallibly excite through out•the whole of the British Empire. . undersigned, in addressing thelire-. sent official by order Of his Goiernment,'to 111r.Webiter, Secretary of State United States,' has the. honor to Offer to, him Atte, assfirancq of • his distin guished consideration. • illte - Hen'. DANIP.L . VELISTi,R H : & S e . '. :F L . X .i c , -'• ' 11 . - 1 -!-, ; - If .- -e 6 8.47...ta_A1%, Fox . • ---The.undeisignek - SetibOry - oe -awric--J the United Suites ' ids the honor to inform Mr. Fox;'Envoy Extraordinary and Min-, ister Plenipotentiary of her Britannic Ma: jeSty., that his note of the 12tli March; was received'and laid before the President. . '' Pircuitistadees well known to Mr. Fox, have mccessarily.delayed , for some days, the 'consideration of that note. • • . IT The undersigned has now . the .honor. 'to say that it has been, fully consitlered, and • that he has been directed • by the President, to address to Mr. Fox the folletving'reply. •• Mr. Fox informs the Government of the • United States, that lie is instructed to make known . to it that % the Government of her • Majesty, entirely. approve the course pur sued by' him in his correspondence with Mr. .Forsyth in December last, and .the language Pdopted•by him on that occasion; and that.that Government Have instructed ' him ".again to demand from the Govern ment of the United States, formally, in the name of the British Government. the Owe diatejtlease of Mr; Alexaoder McLeOdi" h. N. t tat. the grodnds upon Which the British Government make these detnands don't ; the 6,i7ierninent of the United States are these: That the transaction on ace Lunt of which MC. McLeod has been •urrested, and .ism , -ter be put upon, his trial'l was a transaction'of a public character, planned and executed by persons, duly e mpowered, by her Wigs-. ty's colonial authorities, to take .any steps andto do any,.,OWßrat tnight•be necessary far the defence oilier Majesty s territories, lend.. for the , protection ,of her Majesty's subjectsjandithat consequently . tkitse Sub jebts of her !Majesty; who' engaged in. that .5 transa w ction, ere performing - an - act - of-pub= lie duty', •wltich they: cannot be • made -personallyi n t l-individuallyvanswerable , to the ~ law and, ,trhunals : of .any, foreign countr.ye - ~ ti i.: ' . . '. , :• , The President n not certain that he un derstands, precisell• the Oiceoing .intended by her Miijesty's Government, tp. be. con treyed• by ,the• forgoing instruction. • , • . ,This doubt: .h4l •iicbasintictl; with the President Some .11sitatien; but lie inclines to take it for gran d i that the main purpose of the instructicOwas to . cause it to be sig;• nified to the Geiernment of :.the United States; that , the 'hack on the steamboat "Caroling" was an act ofpublic' , forte, timid . hY the.:B fish .colonial' authorities;and `fully; recbgiited by • the: - Queee!S 'Uov; ernmenvitt homeland thateblisequentlrno individuaLcoricined in `that -trahseetion; can according-'t thd lairm:tir nations, ,, be held:personally; nsiverable'in the :owilinat . 9 co,urtiiefs laWas for a private ofrenee; : 4ind thut;;tipon this vowtd! . . , of her , Majesty's " _Giivetncriepti,*exiintiti IvieLeolli,iiiko::ii) 1 priatin lan ;,itivirilictment-for ;.ntiirdttilitilleg, !au) have been committed in that .attick; `ought to lie , rele sal by:inielprected i 46 , tis arefoiOil:arnllnc,anited to the casev , .. , -.. . 1 1 ' 'flie;Piellideitadatittr the innolusionlhat ' MithinViiiiretn'Aiiia. could Lim/Oil:teen iti; i i tended to be 'e' tiiiii . edifionif theieetiiiiler atitiritliat-her . ajesty!s "Govetriiniine Must bti4ully,Ctiiiiire, at ' in the Unite& 15(ittea . -as in - Ettolen*r t OtiaecitititletEtindeir..4titlielal ..proecesc_a_n'be - yeleaseci ficim that confine-I silent only by r jedielif — iiiiiiess. In neither - do - entry, as - the undersigned - supposes - can the artn-of the Executive power interlere, directly or fOrcibly, to release or deliver the prisoner: His discharge must be sought in a manner conformable to the law and the proceedings of courts Of kidicature. Ifln indictment like that 'which has been found 'against 'Alexander -M,CLeod, nt.l,:iinder • cir cumetatieeelike- those Which' belting to - his case; Were_ pendimg againit 'On individtifil in one' of. the courts - of England, there is no doubt' That- the-laVvi' Officer-of , the - Crowns 'night enter .o • nolle, prqequi„ or.iliat the prisoner -might cau - se himself to be 'brought tin on, Itbea . s - 6 firpti . s and dioClinfgeil, if his' ground of discharge'illiftl bd'!ajUdged stifficienti'or_that he might: 'Pr die theiame facts and insist on the 'nine defence'Or ca- I I emption - on' his trial. ' " . \.; L . All these 'are' legalLMOdeiJOl-procCeding-, - , 'well, known to 'the laws - 'arid, practice. of both - coontrici. - 'Bot - the undersigiled'does not suppose' that; if such a case were : to arise in - England, the power of the Execu. -live Government : ' could be exerted in .ony more direct 'manner: Even in . the case 'of Ambassadors...and other public Milliken:, Whose - right to exemption 'from airrest is 'per t sonal, requiring no fact tube ascertained but the mere,fitct of diplomatic Character, and to 'arrest Whoin is ' sometimes made" a . high- ininal offence;, irihe'arreet be actually madejt-inuit be discharged by-application to the - courts.-of .lain:' 'his undetWiod - that Alexander McLeod istiroftlen-warni4l.7Orr*Civilnms7otr•ber inntirt process,. for nctenlleged to' have been done liylnin_intlitattatik 'on the Caroline, and - his:tlefenee_of grounct_of_acq.uittal-must be. the.s.ame in both cases.. And. thiS.Stitingly -illustrates:,_:..ae the.. undersigned. cenceixce,.. the propriety of the foregeing observations; since. it is quite clear iltat.tho 'Executive .GoVernment, cannot interfere to arrest a civil snit between - private' parties in any stage of its . progress, butz - that - 'spelt suit puidt- go on , to - its regular judicalte'rinina l . ..tion. 'lf, therefore, any course different from such - as"have been- now -, mentioned was in" contemplation of_ her Majesty's Government, sometbiitg -- Would seem 'to - have 'been expedted froM - the GOVerk meat of' tbe United States, as little conformable to the laws and irsages . of th - e. English Gov erment as to - ,those of the' United - States, and 'to which this_Government cannot ac ' The Government of the United States, .4....-e........Ar.1incr Illion i ll tte..pMtnnptioll' Mt. FOx's note, - to a, ----.,,,, the' occasion and its own duly appeared to require. In his Mite to -Mr. Fox of the 26th 'IN D - ecember last, Mr. Forsyth, - the Secretary or State of the United Statesote.liserves; ..that !.'if the destruction of tlte•-'Carolitte,' vas a public act,' ofyersons - irlier Majes ty!s service,,,,pbeying the' order of their su perior authorities, this fact - bas• not been before communicated to the Government of the United States by a persob athoriied to inalte the : admission;---and-it, will : be for_ the court whichlins.._talien• cognizance of . 'the Offetice with which Mr. McLeod 'is charged 'to decide upon its validity when legally .established before it;" and adds,, -"rliti President deems-this to. be a proper occasion to remind.the Government of her Britannic •Majesty, that the case of • the 'Caroline' - has been long since .brought to the attention of her Majesty's principal Secretary of State of Foreign Affairs, who uli to this day,- has not eommuftieuted its decision thereupon. It is 'hoped , that the Government of her Majesty willperceive the importance of •no longer lea.vitig the Government of the • United States, unin fanned oflis yie3vs_and intentions upon. a •subjeet, whichhecnaturally.produced much exasperation; 'and which has led to such grave consequences.' - --- • - The -communication of the fact that the desttuction of the Caroline"' wos •an" act 'Of public force by .the' I3ritish authorities being formally .communicated to the GOv'- ernment of the 'United, States by , Mr. Fox's :note, the case asanmes a decided aspect. The Government of the.United - States - en ; lertainS'n6:doubt-that; atler.this avowal of theliransietion 'as,' a public transadtion, au : thorized and itudertaken by .the - 43ritish au . individualsconcernedin it'ought not by the pribeiPles of public law, and the general,usage of civilized States, to be hot , den personally:responsihle in the ordinary tribunals of law. for their participation in it. And the - President.presumes., that, it cart hardly be, necessary, to Say•that the,Ameri cai-peOple, not distrustful of their ability to redress public wrongs by:public •means,. cannot; desire, IntniShment - of individn; ills 'When the act complained of; is declared le' hni4s been an 'act: of the Government '• . • Soon after -the date' of gr. FOOS , note s . int iiistibe t tiniv Oven to the Attorney General of' thPlrnited'States•fionri,"this Pe tiartfrietif, cby - "dfreetiOn whlch fiillY!iiiittifliith''the','6l).in lone!, irif -MI is g6iirifOient on `the 'eubject - of!MetemPa impritiOninent;:ticopi, af . which instruction, thi'inideraigned'haS.the!lt'onot: hereYitbto - The'indictttier etend ding.in'iti!§tate'etitirt;,'bni..his rights,: , ! what, no less Sale, it ls ;to be"iireantited;'tlibtf ' 'he one of the'eeinitti ► Hi. de iitandS ,ilerS6ol 1104 nil th‘l'..lair teates,' is be respecte d in.all courts. -None is either So high or so low as to escape from thOityin cases .r tiii which its rules and prin: , ' ciples apply.' • • This Department has been regularly in formed, by his excellency ,the Govertior of the State of New York, that the Chief Jos vice Of that State was assigned to preside at the hearing,anil..trial of McLeod's:case, but that, owing tasonne error oi mistake in the process of summoning the jury, the hearing was necessarily deferred. • iThe President regrets this occurrence, as hahas - a - rdesirefor!a speejy.disposition of the subject. ...The counsel for .McLeodl ha i ve _requested aatiientic evidence Of the! aiiewal by the. British GOvernin era., oc-, the, attack,Orianddestruction of the"ParOltne,"! as ants. done under 'ifs authority, and ..snch cridence.will he furnished to them-by this 'Departments` -- It - is - understood - that - the - intliutrnent - has been remnyedinto: the Supreme Court 0( Ilie - Statejiy the properproeeeding forvh.ar purpose, and that it is now competent, for! McLeod, by the' 'ordinary prriCess of hiireil Leas 'corpus, to . }wring his ease for hearing , before that tribunal. • •. • . The undersigned hardly needs to assure Mr. Fox that a tribunal so. eminently dis tinguished' for ability- and learning as the Stiprenie .Cciurt of the . State of New •Yerk, may be safely relied, upim•for the - just and impartial administraiintr the lair Wilds' as . well as in other cases; ' and the;under-i Signed .repeani the _expression nivhe desire! of this Government that i-. 0 delny - -inay,be! . "vrd'erfed•l7.-1117 - filit - Wiii - frieW,rffiliarellings WhOiltiiabe avoided. Of illis,desirc Fox will' see evidence, in• the. in'strnetions ntior e re rred to, The undersigned has - new to signify to IFOx_that :Abe. Go vein ineet.ol. the _Unit, •ted States has not clitinged'jlie -opinion whieh-it has heretofoye expressed to .Her Majesty's GOvernment of the character of tri . e act of destroying the "Caroline." I •It does not think that thetransaction-can he justified by any reasoirable application or construction of the right of self-defence, I r under the laws of - nations. It is inlmitted that a just right of self-delence-attadhcs al whiya to nations, as well. as to individuals; and this is egpsllynecessary kir the pre servation of • both. But,the extent of thiS right is a question to be judged of by the eircumstances , of .eachiarticular case; and' when its ~ alleged exercise--has-led--to -the commission of hostile acts within the -ter ritory of a Power at peaces, nothing less than a•eleur and absolute necessity can af liiihr-tnra-mr5,,4.4n.,,,km_. tikable as an act of - self-defence, u signed,inanestly renewing the remonstrance of this Giii 4 ernment against the - trariaction, abstainsVihr the present, from any ei4end edb discussion of the question. But it is deemed' prciper,•nevertlieleSS, not to omit hi take.some - notice of the general grounds . of,juefilication Stated. by Her Milje:ity's GevernMent•in their instruction to Mr. „ __..Her Majesty's Government have.instrue ted•Mr.l'ox for Say that they are of Opio ion .thaf the transaction - which terminated in the 'destruction of the Caroline was,a justifiable employment of force, for the purpose of defendiirg the British territory from the ,unprovolted attack of a band of British rebera and American pirates, who have been' "permitted” to arm and organize themselves within the United States,.and had. actually invaded a portion of the te,rri ory.of Her Majesty. The President cannot supposelhat . Her Majeity'e..Government,.by the use of these terms, meant to 11e understood as intimating that those acts, violating the laws of the United. States,•an k cifilisturbing the peace of the British territories, were done under any, degree•of cOnntenance from this Govern ment, or were regarded by it with indiffer ence;' or that, under. the cireumstancei of, the= case, they 'could hare been prevented by the Ordinary.course of proceeding. A!- 'though lie regrets - thitchy fliSing the tern; permitted,' a - poSsible inference of that kind.,tnight be raised, yet such an inference the President is willing to believe, would be quite `unjust to the intentions of :the - British Government, , • .. -- That on-aline-of - frontier slid' as separ - rates the United States from ller,Britannic . Majesty's North American Frovinces—c line long , : enough to divide the .Whole of 'Europe tnte.,lialve‘tilregularities , violen -cei, and conflictsaho sometimeioeeui, equally against . the will. of both 'Ginveriir nents,is certainly . easilytti 'be . supposed. This may . more poeSible;.perliaps,,in regard to the United States, without any reproaeh.to,their.,66yereinent,,diticit their institutions entirelY,disbOnragel'the.lief . ping up of 14ge . .ataOdiog armies in oo*orpoaco, and theft. situation happily .Xeittrts frottilhe:neeessity, of intin4aining such . Pensive itod:daiitgerniis that `Opecto frotii . '',eithetGoy , eppr hieritlWihe:se . eases : desire, to . preeerye 014,0,0.044,10 jitttice * . the 1 , .ute.,?fT 11 14etiefloi prp 101, ! atid 4:0O etthelesS,tliat; if,'OtPi* t0r..1 artiaYisiireVent;etl; . o . 'rt 6610* -pltiitfAcitr;,: : ,tik„olt:toit,p4 ) ec t l. Abrit - this -, ii4O - ity 14' 'tj* wierrpolinoii .'ef its - thi ties. ). G r OetoOtetkt,oro,pj9ool4 to tipeal(ol,,tirAia, ,toiaeOcen citizen s . who. too Pat6yttlt Veilionsin Canada en. gaged in a s ,itiatOctittiri,,rtgajnat, ,: the,lP r ,W.. Isk.-ooyfirtitneot;,as`”*Reftcritt:fi tat e s.' ' The iintlersigod;thiee p t ain l -t. Alto ,pro; Priet: at' ftsti . Ce `OC . tkits•lest liation,._.ll lOW' s nataasz o a ce 60--inc) s vc• citizens of the United. States fitted OutiVr—ii were engaged in :fittingout; a - militarY-ex._ pedition . from the United States, 'intetiad to 'act against the'. 'British poVernment: in' • Canada, they .were clearly- violating • the laws of their. country, and" exposing them-‘ selves to. the,: just .eorisequenees- which . might be inflicted.on them if taken within • the Briiish dominions. ' But notwithstand. ing _this, they Vereiyeertainlyi,not pirated, nor does the undersigned - think thatit can. advance Ihe purpose of fair and friendly discussion, ; or hasten the accommodation. f national difficulties, so io detiorniaato them., There OfrenCe,. whaever it me, • had no analogy lo eases of 'piracy. `` . Surin posing all .that is . alleged .against• them to 'be true, they were taking - a part in What. they regarded as a civil war, and they were takinga part onr the'side of the rebels.— , -. Surely, England herself has. rot regarded persons thus engagthlYas : deserVing ttte tip. pel"lation which.lier Sllajesty's_Governmedt bestows on these.-Citizens.- of • the :-41a heti- -- States. . . . . ' It Is quite notorious that,Tar the,greatest part of, the last .two centuries, subjects of the British - Crown. have been - permitted to engage in foreign - wars, both national 'and civil, and in :the latter, iii oyery stage of their, progress; and yet .it .has not been. imagined - that - England has.at any time at-. r lowed her siihjects to turrtEirates._. indeed,. in .OilioWii• tithes, not only•have individual ',subjects of that Crown gone abroad to en , gage, in civil war9 , but we have seen Whole regiments iopebly, recruited, , einlindietk at -iii-ed;''antrirs-r England ; with the- : •- .avowed pprpose pl . -aiding a rebellion;against . a nation with "whichh-England was at peace; althaugh -- iLls ;true. that; subsequently, an act of Parliarrthnt was passed to , prevent transaction's - ,sa_neirly,approaching --to.. public war, without licedse from the Crown,: It may he'Said there is" a difference. tween the caseof a civil war, arising Troth ,a disputed succcssi n, or a 'protracted , volt - of a coltinY,against the' . mother •coun t,-a e rynd the eas of a fresh outbreak, at the commencement : Sire rebellion. The under-_ signed does not derii,:thatstich4listinetiat may, On certain purposei, be. deemed welt ibunded. •. - admits that -a , Governrtie.nt.,...., called upon to consider its own rights,.iu-=. wrests, and duties, when civil wars break, out in .other Countries, may:decide oti,en the - eircdthitances of the partieular;case , , - upon its own existing stipulations, on pro bable results, en what its own security. re - -- . quires, and on many other Considerations. It may. be already bound to assist one. par t , orit may becometbfind,ir it so chooses.. their own counify;iar - ittrwv•+.o. 4 treated, if ..taken Governmentwith arms their_hande,, in tbe,teriitory. of the *Well the Standard of revolt, is raisetl,.caty,•. not be denominated pirates, without depart ing:Vein all ordinary use of language in the definition of offences. A. cause which has so foul arr origin as piracy, cannot, in its pro , gess or by its' success, obtain a claim to any degree of - respectability, or tolerance,. among nations ; and, civil • wars, therefore. are 'tot- understand to .have • te - suck' a corn- . mencement. , It is well known to Mr. Fox, that • d:trines of the highest eminence in' Eug,--' land, - living and dead, have maintained that the general law of nations does not forbid • th&eitizeits or subjects of One Government from taking part in the civil commotions another.- There is some reason, indeed, to think that such may be .the opinion of par Majesty's Government at the present moment.,, .• l'he undersigned hat maile . ,these re marks, from the -conviction that it is im portant to_ regard established distinctions, • and to view the*.aets -and offences of indi viduals-in-the exactly proper light. -But it . is not to be inferred. that there is, en the .part .of this Government, any purpose of extenuating; -in the . _ slightest. degree, 'the crimes of those persons, citizens of ;•tlie United Slides,* who have joined in military expeditions against the British Government - in Canada. On the . trot . Presi dent directs the undeesigee to say that-it - is his - fixed• - resolution. thatallituelt-distu'rb . ±. ers -of, the'national peace. and violators Of the laws of their country shall-be brought 113 exemplary punishment: Nor will ri tlio fact that they. are instigated and led onto these excesses by British subjects,refugeee from the provinces, - be:deemed any excutol or palliation; although, it is well worthy of being remembered that the , .prierie.movera of these ilisiurbanees on the- , bortfeis subjects ,of , the Queen,: who come fwitbin: the 'territories of the. United.Statesilieeking to, enlist, the sj m thiel 'of their- :citizens; by all `the motives, i.which they, are. aide to athlressiu). them, on: acchunt of . - giievaneei; reel ,or imaginary. • There' is' no' reason b,e'te,ve : that-the degign of any lifitilemottei.* meet: fmtn, t hel:United .States ; against ,Ctinei , commenced :ht.'. the Statesi - ,,Thif. true origiwof - inch purposes and such , tinterprizes other side. cf the :line, ;-But the 'President , " resolutions, prevenitthese,*transgressious.: Strong. -,ltis!trikenuot , onlyinlcOnforrnity : , to,lkin;ilpriiUntlerthe_provision' of , existing law fulls onaneetinttrthe 7 4* - lablialtetkprinciides--and;,practice thiti GevOrentent of; Settee has fiiit4;felleejintit the doubts; eletWifire .entertaittethorlbeiine' 4iatiletit cif the , thtlite• of , oeutiality4 , ! howevo . ,triihavti been le ,lese'c''' II =II EMI
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