. . • Speech Of 'Daniel gitebsterji.l:• - , - .1 . . AT. TILE GREAT MASS ,MEE'tiNG - 1 . • AT . 'SARATOGA; ot4' I.9iit• An.qoifri 4i8,4p, - ,. :. • -.-2"` '-''- , • --• , :•K'.. • ......- :. , .. . , . • • CRepoded for the Arezo-York ,d2roei:ictiri.]_i ~. - . , . . • , . - • .. Me are here, my . tridildpi• in .the_Joidst • .. . • . of a 'great Movenient of' 0;6 people .'That . . '-- 's revolution "in, .public. sentiment. on SortiS', . - important .queatione' . .4. patilie l .policy.loits ..''`hegen, : .:atid la in progress, it• IS.iSin'.to_,Rt ' tempt to conceal, and' folly: totenr:• ',mina'' , i. . iiill be the.exten(of this retteliiiiiin- , -what:' • ~..,.: itiviiiiniediate.effeeta 'Upon political men Mul , ' • ...political tutariureavbet ultiinateinfluenee. - •'. it.klay ,inlye. ou •the,:integrity of the eonsti• • lution, andithe permanent prosperity of the,. ' . tOuntry;ieniaine-.tir: lie Seen,: . ' . .Meaatiio,. • ' ' :fin one ,datf,'fferty that nie.-extrportlinaty,.;ei-• ......- - ''.' titement ~.exis to iii, the 'Conn try; - suCh as , has . '` not been Witnesaed. for :'.636k0.;01.6.1ii. lad( • ..•entui.) . ';' . ifiitlocal; net nonfiheff to any - timo, • '.l . 'or 'three of -ten statea;.lpit , perirading:lho. • `•,,- whole,'4Om'perth'te south, 'and from east ''......‘ frr.Weat; With 'eqnal'foree afidnitefisity. - - . -....L-: 2 ,:kor,••atiLeffeet',,Ro ..gerieiaLn _caiistol. CORY : '-'"_extent;'niust.„ exist.. NO' ' eanse,; Weal :Or -. --:- ••partiat, -; CRi Produee,Conseqtiences so" - .ger• • . liciral and universal. -In some parts ofthe • __:_jefitintry., bideed, local catiseemay in some ' 'degree add fo the flame; but nolteartailse - , -- -.:- bor . . anynuinlier of local' causes; can- ae __ count_ for the -general: excited - state: of the - . pnlitic•mind, -.• • . .: • . ':.-" : , -- '-'-------,:-. • •'' In portions of,the country devoted to ag-• : iculture and manufactures, we•hear coat! , . - , *Wilts.:of Want of markets and diets price ' - . Yet_theio_ifeJother,:porfieneof -the- country, s i , • Whichareconsiimers,and not producers of .0, • `rood and- manufactiires,.and: as•purchasers;. • ' .thdy should; , - it.:weinlil seen'', be - satisfied .. With the prices of which-the. scllerii .... tomplain. t. but in these' portions; toil • of-, _, ' .the. -country; there is dissatisfaction and dis- . . :•'- -- -fon'teni. ---- 47Every - where - ;t h e re .-is -co riiplai ih --_,-..-ing-andp desire for_changp,, - -- • - •:-:._. • _,] There arc :iheas who.,.thirtk this_ eXeite.:. ~ • Inpnt...annong the Jeople - leansitery - and) • . 'evanescent,.__ am not Of :that Opiniotf.• •So• •_ .- - ihr. as I--can judge; attention "to' public of fairs among- tIW - Fidtple_of the .United States .". has increased; iiincreaSing - iand is.not likely I - - to be dim i n i s h e d , aml this not iii one part of! , ;The-country; but all - over. This .ccrtaiiily- L ~.„is' the fact; if we - may judgefrom recentin, l ---- tormatiom ----. . - The'•brei*e of popular_ excite,_ meat is blowing every,,whcre;, •-.1.1 . fans "_the; • .:_.- .„. :air•iif Alabama and: the Carolinas,.aiidleth - --- of opinion, when it shallcrosa the Potomae - ,1 - -' and range along. the northern Alleghenies, ~ - .. - it will - gropi - •lstronger and stronger;- until; iningling with-, the , i ga - Tes -Of, the' Empire .- - ;State,- and the triomitain - _: blasts-el' New' - ___England;:it will -plow 'a -perfect hurricane. There, are •those agaiii , ,whoTifarik -these._ .. - fast popular meetings are got up by ellbir, jitit, I say that no effort can gettliem up, - anil _•__. no -effort can keep them.. down. - Theft. ... Must, the n, be some general cause that . aid - . -- '. - ''hates the *bole • country;t What is. that . - - ' _'-daOse ? kis - upon Allis point I propose to • . give my opinion to-day:,.: 1 - have no design - . - to offend any feeling, but in perfect -plain lieiis-to-ex,press my.vieivs to -the vast-Multi! - ' tude assembled here, . I know there - are among them many who,. from first to last, - sittiported GeneralJacksom 4l•knowthere - - - - -- - --4ietri m Mer, i l Yik - may lienpr me. by any ' - - r'lvitip . g er. dpnqn.ciation... Again, I-Ccime . _._,... thiday, no par Let oratory before you, 'lf .. •_ 'there have been times and occasions in my __- _ .:11fe W . _ keit J .. mightbe sapPosekanxious, Is i -_. e ihibit myself in such a Jight, that.p.erioff has passed; and this is 'not. one. 01 the -Pc - • Ctsions,• - . I: Cornejo dictate Rini ,prescribe to. no man e . li'my experience; ,not now short, in..theaffairs 'of, goiernment, entitle . . • .my,opiniona io . itiy,reapdet,tlinse opiphips - . are at-theiferileiref : ray TellOW-citizens : : ~. . What. I Ilipll .8 tq to, ait'liets . „ I, .a li all li old InYL 4s'elf and `my character resporiaible for; what ' l • .• f shall' state 'as opinionii, rail , are alike at . - liberty to reject or to reeeiveasking only ' Finch . fair later retation-oftheris -theffai r,,-_ -- -Bees-an sm . erity- With -which th6Plre. tit ... , tered may claim,. .. ..• ' ' - .. What, then; has excited the whole 'land lion 'Maine:lo_ Georgia,, RUff:that:gives. us . nasurance that.while we herd are meeting ih New York in midi vain.' numbers', other . like meetings pre holding throughout all the - States That` this. cause must be general as.its -effect is:, certain, for it agilatisAtre. -------;#1; lead - countryle - n - d not parts onlF. --- • When - • - that - fluid in the:human" , systeln '' iitdispensable •to life becomes disordered, cerrupted, 'or' obstfuctedlit VS cireulation,. `ost Melt - end or...the leart alone suffer; but . ' the .wbole body, head, heart,:and•hend, all .'the- nierribert3,_ all,. the_extremities, are af- Octet!' With ; debility, paralysis, iurehness, :and death.' "'rho etiology, between the hu man systern,and the social , anti. , politioal eystein, is .completei ' and ' what .the life, - ••blriod•is to ,the former;,eirc Uletien, money; ' . eurreney - ii`ttitlire latter-;.and ifthat'be dis- - 'ortJer9d .tir . corrupted; _paralysis' heist:fall Mt the system'.' - ' , ~, - ••,-:: - . ' ' The original, leading, •maiu. cause, • then ~ -- - of - a11 ,, . oir; difficulties and - disaitere,"ts. die' ..• disordered stets; of the Treasury. This is _ pbrhaps not a pifecily 'obvious truth; and get ene - i3useeptib e of _easy demonstration:" Its order te,eiplaiitilds• the , more:reedily, I] wish to , biing . YOur minds to the censidera - lien of - the condition and the test affairs of ' the United, Statee.' ' , One eatifitrY iig. not i' , steal' pniylnge,,dr canton; bin a/region ex . 'binding ' , ever a 'brie 'and spiremified sur lirce,,__Nrith-a'.teptilation of iaridus. condi-, tiens;_produets, u r ird•pursiits.• • it iikitt this xi iirletf : thaftionsists its prosperity, for -the -4ifrett4lol3Stiit• IleCeme" peeing one ict,.._,the — 4thetit . .trovtridentityn iiit - hy - ivnerepee'or - production and, thus , eaele.bririterclrange ventributee*the:interest 'of . 'the other.-- liciiinkklirlietartildir."-AliioVliia car-, ~../kil'oe `this exthinge;: of "the PrOducts:, , 'Snd fitthilitry; 7 ofibit -- 41:getinit*iiisr:tiqui ,ortilt‘t sitOill Stfites---int.7one of:our:most idiptiit:;' - , " !4 1 ; 11 # 4 ,.,4 i•ra . Inutt _t alE • 1 1, 1 * .in OciiiIPEiretl!W 10tifri,P.Wtge.TFlione*O`''east'And z- Eir , _:iitro#6 l *filaVereiiptible;;but . 'ditifiblg" .044kloteliftelbriugbolt.' - ibil;syiltelid ; by, # 6 *44oV'e r t#,,fotkill.to ViViAtitell 1',00 . 1400' liNbt - of.,4)llinghborhootFilad" , OW et'nletii t r ,#-.4X44.Ai•-,).1•.cin4-it?' 4 this' a i-:,i, itle , ii-..,.•., d ,-- e • - ial - l-....-- ,irt Al*f`l ;grgitf:iliiint;44oi, 'r t*iolo44 , c 44j14`hirveicliediersp' t.':',.'..t: „'...,:.:';• ' :',- .:''..i.tig: ' ' ~,. ,~~ 7l , sy`,~: ~ti'. v1“ 291% ÜbiquM 7: ilf'.:v_’..4’ m-;:n~=zar,x«::,;;uz; I= hq -- ,..growe're ' the belt'Of •graut'-beet„etto; pee p,.gr tv - ' , are int 'The' Motu factitiere 'ef l the.'-Nerth' - hp thl,3=- - East need 'the graiii'cilitteMiddle • - atid- :. the .cottotto: - 'l , he..S.pUth, and these in litrit.hy ntenufeeipees, - Athe ie'this soli ly; ii after .'et - tercet but" but is :hi; e eme4leerew-,.brought - ahant'brth,c'rbi3Ola'''; ttiqins,,‘Otrorpige7goverittrientS, Oeitriaen-;, rfacturee find no sale , in - : Eur Ope;; of o.titgi,ainiS tler- Ord inary.....:,circitinplan,;,.: 'ces excluded, from its marketp. - .4ii France,. lt . le-nevct adinittedi'aml in: - Erigliind tingeiitly)fatid /s tincertainly • . .only,.and .tv : ,-- ntantwr tb , tantalize latherAlian gratify ''tho .Antericanhusbantitan.. - . - " - This internal' trade,_ - moves ' it were • ..i;V : e • eirclei . .antr ;it& -direetlY '; the great ltriptiot.ef. Abe - Ccuntrkfare.rittle-in, New: YOrlt;iv hence: .West;.-but our exporid - are. nOtlitaintyjrobt,l ~i'ew York from th0.40.utD, , -the. gain luepertethen are Maile'-frorri : one".corner the, U:uipn; `affil the-eXports' from - another.] The same thingietrue of otlMOraiteheaeli trade„ . The, produce of Ohio, much it'', ..dcgeends', the river :to. 'NeW, okiealks ;, but Ohio'is supplied with foreign; cemnamlitiee l and, domestic. faGites.mainly through trio New York - eatialii 'the Lal - es and the Ohio canal; The live Bieck of KentuckY,goetil l to The Carolinas; but .Kentucky % in, there, but transmits; the '..money to. Bald timore 44.:Pli6delpliinand 'there procures -what she wants, to. be_sent to llerpcioss .'Phis . circuit of trade:la e'eountry orsuch great ,extent - as .ours,: demands; more than in any -country' under•lie . aven,a uniform currency, for the W hole, people ; - that what is money in Carolina shall be sa,ellifeWhere,' that what. the- Kentucky drover. - receives, What" thc - plaitter OrAlabama sells Tor;iv.liat' -the-laborer-laborer - getei:n4itiy. tor -his - worir 'and- carries home' tosupport - his ' shall he of ,ascertainetl and uniforie •• This, is not the time nor the. occation• for ad'-essay or dissertation On-money ;' but l' mean distinctly to express the opinion that, :until the •(.141 floral Government shalLtake in hand the ,currency of the country—until that 'Clovernmerit-sliall devise_ some maps -(1-- - say-not-4 hat) ef-raising_the whole cur reney to the level of gold and silver- 7 --there can be_ no• prosperity. '': - . Let us . retrace briefly the - history of the curtehey question in this cPtintry—a most , important branch of the_ commercial (pies tion. - 7 appeal to' all who have studied...the history of . those 'times and of the_ constito- Also) *whether our' fathers Pi tre bling the 'constitution which should unite us. in com mori rights and - common 'glory; hall-not also anteog - their chief objects -- to•prOvide-a uniform system of currency for the whole Country. -I - specially duidte the-Ingenuous youth of the scountry, to go back to the history of those times, and particularly to the Virginia - resolutions of 1775, am! to the proceedings of the convention at Annapo lis -lathe same T yea r, apd__they ; _will_tbere find the prevailing, ergo - MCI - for, forming, a• Geherar Grivernment; was in order to se comajjoiforro_si•-..6.6.....t...."...,•;,,,i*hafi.,-,-_ it was no -longer to be__theieommerce-- of New York, or of, Massachusetts, butof the - Milted States, to be carried on under: that star spangled hannerywhich bore on it, emi t into every sea, the-glorious motto E Pla: ribas--Unwic. "' . ' , ' . - Thie - being'a chief and cherished object,' when. the. first Congress ender the poitstitu- - Oen Ossenibl'ed•in New York, Gen-Wash icgten in his speech neutrally drew their attention to the,Ceeessity of a uniform cur : . rencY,lookirig_probablyat thattime= to the mint first established in' Philadelphia, to provide that currency. • , , • • I mention these circumstances to show that the difference in the• currencies-of the several 'states, and the went of a uniform • ,-, 911,11th:o 'crim --- riThierceabil-eurrency,,casual-e — tretrinstanees r aeting_.upon_ pc. the_ beirig among the chief inconvenience's to be culler: teeriper and character•of . a man of iethediell by the Oritablish - ment of the cop- very decided temper and character, affect siitution ; , the subject, very naturally and fthe fate ornations.• A .niovemerit was made properly attracted the early attention, of. the ' in the ,autuMn of 1829, - in ' order • to' effect President; 'at :.the_, first . term of the first • a-change iii "certainofficers of-the Branch Congress. '• • '- -• , • Ban of the United States in Portsmouth , • k- At the second term,.the United States j New Hampshire. mr, Woodbury, then a Bank - Was established ;' without. detaining'? Senator from New Hampshire, transmitted yoithyquoting - papers - _ - or_ -- 2spiech - es_Ttir .t. T 0.,... ...iiiiiident_of_the:Bank. at _Pliliidel, day, , l will Simply refer any one curious to •phia; a request, purporting to proceed front emOire --- , to 'the official doceittenta of the merchants anil men of business of all - .pat= time,:and to the contemporaneous expres- ties asking-the removal ofthe President of itions of puhlic opinion on the leading-ma- that branch, 'Pat on political'_ grounds,-but sures - of - That day, - for proof,' that - While - 6k - as` acceptableand advantageous to.the busi object of incorporating a National Baltic I nese community. , ; At the same •time,.Mr.• Was that if might . OeCasionallymake loins i Woodbury adaressed a letter confidential to:,Government c and take charge of the die -1 to the Secretary of the . Treasury, - •Mr. buriement of itatevenues, another' obje644lligham; 'suggesting that his _Departmetat quite as protninent . and important, was to 'should; on political grichids;" obtain - front furnish a eirculation—a papercirculatien-- - ! the. Mother , bank ilie remeVa;,of the - branch 'fiiii - nileil.on national reseurces ; that should . preSiden ) W • Thia_letter was tranamiced4O be'current- all- over'the country: . ‘ - Generall the prestderit - cf the - mother bank and,reack. , Waihington had the sagaity to see, what ed blot about same sae time -as,the oilier; indeed , mindslese sagacious than his b eonid so that; looking upon this picture and upon not fail to perceive, that Aire confidenee're- that, piton . one letter that..urged' the rem°, ' posed in the. United TStates•-.ander ; the con- ` oval epon political grounds,, and 'on' the , emotion; and in _George Washington as the other other that,denied that political, considera head of it, would , impart to whatevereameitippsi.eotered.inte the Platter at all, he,con -1 from' Congreas••more : 'authority, and , valuel.clid,ed to let things remain as they were. Mali to . nity thing emanating fromany sin-, 1 Appeale!Were, 'then '. artfully mad0.,,t0,14. gle - state., • -.-:. •:- , .., ,', '' -,-. ''. ' [President. `. His feelings Were enlisted,,ned - The. -- •assumptien . by' Congrese, of the t it is -well known that when hohad-..an'Ob state debts,'illestrate's this remark t ,- fOrthe,' , Ject.in, vieW,'hikkharicter•Was to geohead.' emitted- the: United -BMW became ••beend mean .40, ,sfettknoevir, Or' disrespect • of, fer those debts•and proceededlo - fnnd them, , ; General •Ackion.-. - Ile hag:pawed off 'the they 'rose enormouslyand:rapidly, in value.. otage.to his •retirerrient_tit theHermitage,-! General :Washington and , his . advisers , 'wh ielf itt would 'bit as well,perhantr, that;]- saw a liaizeill.curreimir,irthit paper had , 1 friends, , shoeld , not „disturb, and where,: I-• Ahit.n.iar k e_Ltlii i : , U_nj , ori , _LiuuLbertL oll 4L•the-sincerelvwis-he4nay,jn=triratprjlllty,faivr' .spread eaglet-WoOld command. universal' the_ residue •-of - •.'lis, , days. ‘_ Bot, ; ;cenctrai mmfidence thieughout the country; and the Jaeko'rea 4 character was imperiottahe result:proved the 'wiedom,tif:theirlorehight;_;4toOkL,t e , l?ti . ek. - ,itytiek : ,.Thi* e r-i .: •p n d--- . h ck ii - ever Prom the.inCorporationlit the first bank to his. film Ati,inight differ, ,Or. Whether i they theVxpiratiOn,,el:„ifseharter c ernbitiiiiiig,l coecerre 'Or ' ' i.. .u-';Wertt fain al- - Iti!:ftio.a - or 001, commercial 'and - politiclT YteiiistOnes; the curcency / of Abe bank,•:Atall neiritt_, objected it.-t , -iti,'lnderal;,'stirPassed ,the hefts aid Onaitgit *lie deoirettofeVery, bpdji.-4.. Tlikelitiffer o,Pired in 1811.#40w i-PF7I4:*I'Y from what:olatp, a parties,-.4 je rtnitpr s pOl!rise.t9 . dikaos...4utthe`Charter t ikpuio 4 o: 6l 74:„..War'Oli%ri4lo4, - ylitia: -deeliirediOjtittei, A.04N,...4),19,03'01401Y-!Pi; tip,: irmAifilfOlink, :Of ;' - '3l*.; ilivlliejigillo: . i.i'oith ' ot - 1 4 0 0 4'*00 1 ,0i4:0910.101 - ay,ment; and thrift; tifAawAiloglapd, et; :Wd•tit4 . *tr ~.,-., ~... -- &Mill= NEM I,„ tait „ :';.'t „ '7:-.i4-6r0p„,.',,,,:....:r.., ( „ ( .. A ~. ~ .....-410,,,... .Ait . ._,, ~i...e„,,,,,,,.„„.,,t,,2.,„.,4..,614,,,,y,:,1, i „,.., . / ' L., , 'I 9 --•-•-i../tk . 1 11 , 1 ;- -.4.1: Wri -,....::',:' .....: :. ~.. YiA(._ . ? . `;.izi"''.;,.,,,-,,- - '. .:;.',.- .:-:-.. - •'..-:,•.1.0.1-!,..,:.1.:', ' -. '''.':..* .::-..'-':..., .' \ ',' .. - 4 - . r.' :::.e.::'' - .,.,' Kf..i . ', : ' , :.::::':.''• -- ......... BEE Ways ,to gut), _..aeon then put 'foitli,l,the tout.,appoluitnents by the. , Bank' lave' regar:d to. , the wishes of ilierTreasirytlhil „teetter w.es foimallY . eitbniittidhis'Ahei.Directore of the. tank, . deierOwne4ihat ;POI Seely ba*any'tliitiff to. sq,i,?: th9l l latt9',.. A long, =and 154 00 1V h4, c, 9tgrY , eorrf i s n PoW iiSnof,steit'Sid,t,fdi::oooSral JacicioufsitOti, iPrt 4 i: 1 4 14;01.7, 0 16, bank , man ~4 0 0 !t?-qt* l bi tl, S l • 49 ,o,o:fi 4014,1010“..diff'' FEE ME 406tt1-,--andAhuri,4 n4,,act - 0 ta , sp#cteor, ylitg,i: * thelaraiiiiiiteirtOlittle, tir-' - nEithing . , ...4t..1 Atitielese..of ihe,Wli4.-Alitt.;:epildtteltf;:er th e:- eiriii4i o i;•.:viliof.:ifitl'hecenie.verr.:ntfich t derangedOiet improving ; Ili. . •. . , sentee . the subject . le ,Oergresa;,,, In ‘ - hia inegSeger;tieth ir1,14 a6trlSlB;he'd,Wehl earP6o4oithc•ett_Pti'lo-jel.Alw.l er. year second lloiknf,d - in_ : 'United . States , Vat - ilierkpOrateff,':':elid' - Weill; - at: once, iii`te l : op,e.rettetts::;*t. , ;... 40 '- 0 1: 11 iO4;; ; . "i, 1) ,8'.. P90i4 1 3'4 `tiitniSiiialiageeatinterliatisiireavoid'ably , 4.l Abo_bank..-me,t ~;witli"- ; heaiy,...josSeitit. - .: it . i . fuliilled its functions in providing a Curren ,!eY : 1 61- the 'whele;eo66 il l y , and !wittier :41.7.1 ing:the eight : - )ears . - of .•VreSitleiit. Monroe's_ -A d in iniS i ratio n i,ritir the„forir - yearinif ' ' P re . - sitletit Adams', w w ere a il ; seriiiili eel*. A6d r newl . .deoire toleall at-1 ' tentiati 'ie .-l a ;04i;,ticulaffaCt s .' `There wer e 1 I ieverel4rinditlatek Teri the ,Presidency'. t o lauceeed -Me.'Menree.', -, Oeneral - Jackson, Mr. Ailiii, MA,,ll;Crecif6fil,'.iiiif - 0e:Olay.: 1 None 'df 'theta received a'-titifficietit, number. ef-‘,votEsitriri r the . .eleetors; to be -Chosen President , ..... General' JaCksen .re shad the l a rgest , eunib r er;of'anv , •4ot'.,the'-' , l - itause:of ' lie re entat'ves chose 'J L'Q • Adams Presi dent.. %From that. moment a fierce. opposi tiOn was cOmnienced, against Mriltdains'. ladiitinietretieti'.--,: - --1::d0 not.-propose ; to,„,dia-i inas the characteeer conduct et this oppe- Isition. 'r_ The facttof its' existence ikelltivt I- I:. tivre r to_dti-with _nrturandAliet.: from- the linauguration, in March, 18!5, to 'Mardi, 1829, - an eppeiiiticiii,--diatieguished . terits -remarkable -ability, -perseveranee . ,,and tilti! mate-success; wait_ Carried:on - ander the , name 'and' flag . 'of - Oenerallackson. • ~. - All othereandidaterehad disappeared:— G eneralJackSow- was' the - sole opponent:— end font years of betive,,migry. political controversy ensued—during which ei'ery topic of complaint - that . emild - 'be dragged hike the--vortex was dragged in; and Jet - Ibegispeeialfattention to Wait facinat once - . duringMir four years', - controversy did . :O.eneral.- 2 ,Jackseii _liiinself—,-nor_ any_ press in his interest-noranyof his friends l in; pi:ingress or elieWhere, - raise a single voice : against the condition of thecu.rrency, or ;proporie'iaily clirige therein.: Of 'the liondreda 'here, ~ porsibly, - who supported Jae.kiteiOilit one dreamed that lie was se . leeted-to put down- established institutions and overthrow the currency of the country. Who, among- all those - that in the- honeat etnivietiOns of theiillearts, cried Ilurra.for Jackson 1 - believed; or. - expected, or deSired; lA:hat:he would. interfere with "the Bank of ' ,the 'United ',States, or deStroy the -circulat ing medium of the country. _ . I stand here - upon: the, fact, and•defy contradiction from any= quarter—that , there;.Wris•eo complaint, . 'then, any- where,Ortlie -- 13aiiii - .1- -- TWre nesr .wart; before; a -country of equal ex tent,-where exchangesantleiretilation - were • carried on so.chearilY;;solciinveniently, and so securely. General . .14 . ekson..,.was'inau gurated in March, ik6, 'and .proneTuneed an upon that occasion, .whicli..l heard, as ',did the oath:lie look to support the. eonatitutiom ' - In: that addresS were enu merated • vailons objects, 'reqiiiiiiig,' es be said, Reform—but annong -them was not the'llank .of. the :United ',,tAtraritok,ihe out iVitliAbetlecleratiimf(than which',-none .I -have,ever-bea:rdoittrprisect-mMtriore)-that "the, constitutionality of-the lizinlEof - The - United States,iiii*ld he well questioned," mulApt it had failed to furnish a conven ient. and Uniform currency to the countrY. , ..--What--produceil•-thirrirm f cge-o-views4 Down to Marehi of-the same year,- nothing of this sort was indicated or threatened.;;-- What; then, induced The change ?- (a voice, from the - crOvrd said Martin 'ran Buren.) If that be :m3, immediately rejoined Mr. . Webster; it was the--prOduction'.of - mighty consequences by a, cause- not at all propor tioned: ; I will state in connection with, and :in elucidation_ al, this anbject, - certain transactions, which cont . :l6loo%e of _those contingencies in human - affairs, where -- 7 ,1. - - - -- -- - - MEI 'i'l l - r Qt was t i l t . f e bank r leli di'antl ' '`at4&l•the 14quiretl scnieeeenoo-it3the H tlictetioneef the.'rreakory. 4 ' !t,2- TilElimeited.in OctobioB29, rtinT in Decendier we had ilie message, in tvhich,-- forthe first thimitlie bank was arraigned. FTlietietireeltisi aPplication of the bank ,for I le.iiietirtioratioli, the Patsagd of a iill'for I 'that". ptirposuArtmg,h both Douses, and the' a ' PreSiden,rito on it. The Bank of the Viiited Statealleing finis• put dovinvernul titude of nev State Banks sprung up, an d neat-c a ne-'a law ; adoptitnriorne of these 1•' - N ti . as - PPPostt9 Banks. , our,,w at I have to iii.jrizeg,ard to -General. Jackson:in this matter, is this : he said he could;' establish , aiibtier'earreniy; and; whether spccessful :er,llot - in this; it lit etleast to be said , in his I favor rind praise, Oat he never did renounce ilhe aligation'of thenideral ,Government Ito die care of the'currencyu-paper is well as metallic, - of the 'people. It was in fill.- therance of this duty-„which ,he fell called on to diseliargo, of ' .'providing a better currency," that he recommended , the ex elusion of small bills. Why ? Because, it , was argued, it would improve the general mixed - currency of the country;'and, al: though he did not as distinctly as,Mr. Mad ison, recOgniie the 'duty , of the •Pederal Government to provide a currency lor the people, he.never-tenoyncellit, but, on the contrary, in hiemessage•of December, ~'3fi, holds this explicit language: ' . "By-the use of the State Banks, which do not derive their charters from the Ge- iieral Government and are uot controlled by its autliority,lt Is...ascertained that the mo neys of the Uoited States can be collected and, distributcd 4 withotit loss or inconve nience, and that all- the wants of the com munity in relation:to exchange and curren cy, are supplied, as well as thef have ever been ,befere."—[Message December 2, 1835.] - . - --- - . It is not here a question whether those banks did, or not effect the purpose which Gen. Jackson takes so much praise to hiM self of accomplishing through their agency .---that of supplying , the country whit a good currency-as they ever enjoyed. But why, if this was not a duty of the Federal G'uwerninent, is it mentioned at all? In his - message in December, 1835, reviewing the benefits! of his experiments on the , cur rency, he thus speaks : "At the tinio of the removal of the,de posites, it-was alPted by the advoeates of the - Bauk of the United 'States, that the State Banks, whatever might be the,regu lations of the Treasury Department, could not inaliethe transfers required by the Go vernment, or tiegociatolhe domestic ex changes of the eenntry. It IS. 110 W \Vali aseertaitiattlitilie real domestic exchanges performed through discounts by the United States Bank and-its, twenty-five branches, were one-third less than those of the depo site banks for an i equal•period of.time; and if a comparison be instituted between Ahe amounts of services rendered by these , in stitutions, on the broader baais which has been used by the advocates of the United States Bankont''eatimating what - they con sider the domestic' exchanges, the result u , ;RAW: 'dig iihilitte distinct assertion, . that through the state'banks liehas accomplish, ed - trnitelii -eitfibliiTiiiiklii%good. currency - andeliity exchanges, than has been done by the Bank - of the United States. new ever this fact , marbe, all this, I say, a mounts •te an acknkiwiedgntent of •the duty of-the.- General -- tioverranent; - rtint=rif -- ini emanation IA the powers of coining money, and as .the ''representative of that metallic money, 'the exclusive power of coining which' is' in Congress—to provide a uni form 'currency. % I contend for this principleohat-down to the end of GOO Jackson's administra tion, no administration of this country. had turned their backupon this power: and I now proceed to show ! by •exti acts from Mr. Van Buren's leiter' to' Sherred UAL.. _Barns, to which, slue he has largely re ferred to it lately, there can be no unfit-' ness in my referring, that' he, too, admitted the obligation of supplyirig_a uniform cur rency and convenient medium of exchange, which' he' thinks San be effected by the State Depositellanks : ' " Sincerely believing, for the reasons 'wit ickbavelast _Welt/gated, _that_the pub. _lie funds_may_be Im/safely, mulconveuiently transmitted from oneportion of the. Union to'\, anotber; that domestic exchangeircan be as successfully andes cheaply effected, rind 'the currency be rendered at least= as sound under - the existing system, as those objects could beeaccoroplished by means of a National Bank, I would not seek a re met! fo . rtleevilst o allude, vhichyou sholidiieytthioriuoateiy.oecur,tiirotglsuctamedium,eveniftieconstituiiotm objetiors,,wcrenotin the way."---[Aug: Do 4enieebot the dbik of seperintend ing• the currency, but thinks the. Deposite Banki - of the sates under the control bf Congress Cala effect 'the purpose. This letter , was, written. "When Mr. Van _Buren was a candidate for-the Preaidene.Y. .. Two months only' after Gen. Jackson bad retired; and when , :liii--vigorouilhand VS no long9ir there teuphold it, the leaguc, or state banks fell anderumbledintoatoms; eed %Web - Mr. Van' Buren had been only, two moriths, President, he convoked a, ripe- . , cial eerier! of Dongress for the enstting September. : The emintry ,was in tide- I apread confitsion-parillyzed in' its cont . .; 1 mel'ce- 7 its currency utterlY deranged -What was to be 'done ?' WhirwoUld Mr.. -- IW - 10yren - recortamgr tlte coulilmot go, 'back to the Ilank-iif the United Ststes i for , he had committed himself against lit; con - tatitutionalityyntir could - lieTwith any gresill prospect of success, , undertake 'to reedo beitiri' duer2henetl;raftred,ficandrtreit4lunrri;gbiitdfolLiti confldence,.,in it. - yhat, then,,was 4o be ,: done? 'lle conlil go neither backward forward:`':'What did he do, I mean ,not to epeak tlisrespectfally. but •I, Say. fie— f sseaped! 'Afraid fto te* thefrugsnents of tiebr°4il kt r ! ffil t tol3uchthel StateeßanlfoldedPlisarmsami Said—the Government bas' nothing to do Wi.tlf.praitlittg a. ctirrency for tits, people: : That I may do MID no wrong; I will read - his ttlya liuguar. 'Ail predecessors -b d HIS 204. to ex! all said, y,le incit top] our haokii pop. this offl4o4iirielli4Uniforni `44 , reiti? , ,,i—hill'.lkutiusge. is, ,:W"OLtin'f/' - furii our ba - eltp questiun.7lle:Pre7- -posekniithing for th ,cou try nothing ter the relieloicoinmeree;:or the regulation of exchanges, but simply the.ineastof r getting. money into, the Treasury without loss : [From .1641 kis' e.]. . -not the province of aoiernment to- aid i ndividuals in the transfer of their funils, , otherwise than throokh . the Of the Nst Office Department. Andjust• 'ly might it be called on to prof fife fi.)V the ti,msportation of their inerehandize." , .. - ... . - . 4 .`1f;, therefOe'ililifraikftvlri- suggesting Co'citng:etti any specific plan fdrregulatl. ing : tlfe exchanges of the curreucyrelieV= ing,:tneicantile embartass,mentoor:-Mter-: ,ferinktiiith the.orilinarroperatiOnsof for eign or domestic coMmerce, it is, from a Conviction that _such are tnit , lV,ithin _the cOnstitutipmil"proVirice.of :06:General:Go-. ilerilea, and' that 'their adoption would: noi - pi piote.tbel: real and permanent' wel q fareo hose they ittighthe designed, to iid." . I . put it to. You; my friends, if-illis - .is a statesman's argument..' You' can trhnspbrt . pint ''' merehandiZe - ' yourselves, '.you. can .-bhild-Ships , and-inake-your--o s ivii..wagons,- inn can-you make-a currency l' .Cian you say, what,slitill beinency,,,and - whaf shall not lie.: money---and determine its' value: here an - t!' elsewhere ?. Why, -- it - - - ivnidd •be . as reasonable to shy, the people could make `war 'for theinselves and . peace for, thein- 1 Selyes i ._as to,hayAlial...-gley- may exereise-!, this other,. not Tess" exclusito : attribute of sovereignty; of making a • currency for • themselves.: He insisfs. that 'Congress has ho.power to' regulate .Currency or '.exchati ..gesinone to mitigate,thh embarrassments 'of the.hfinntry+noffe to relieve its prostrate industry.;,-and even if, the -Tiower.-diVe-x -Ist, it would be unwise, in. his • opihion, to exercise it !- - . --- --- - .L. . - . -• • - • 'These ar - 6'the doctrines of the President's first ritessage; and. I: have no Opinion of - it now,' that I.did not_ theft...entertain. I de - . e - ire hot to - appear *lse after the. event=4.- am not a prophet, nor' the son of a prophet, and 1-ha - declare - tha t w he n I , heard - the .de-' I clarations of this message, and reflected on its'ennsequences,Artaw - , - or thoughtl-saw.,- all, of suffering, 'loss and evil-that is now _ beforaus.. . '',,-,, -7 ;. . • tet. us — 'cOmpare thiit declaration with that or one - i - tow numbered with the !nighty, dead-of one, who has left behind a repu tation excelled by that'aito other man. as innlerstanding ,thoreughly the constitution .of one _born - and 'craille&with it, - taking _par( of its inception, and closing his p_uhlic career by administering its highest-office— I. need. not name' Janresliadison; - ' - : In•-his Message to Congress in Decenl - 1815—when the war liad . closed, and the country 'was laboring under thh-disor -dered-curreney ,Of that-periodi-the Presi dent thus spoke;, 7 - "It is essentia to 'every modification o, thefinarlces;.that the benefit of a"uniform -natiOnaL:ciirreucy-should_be-restored to tiff. . ~.,..,....,...,..ir-re ocurevea r bh a •ternporary evil ; but Until they can be rendered the .general medium ,of . exchange,' it, devolves -- 0,11 - 147 W116(10 . 6 . 1. Of: Gimgress -to _prov ide = a substitute, which shall equally' engage the confidence, and acComtnonate. the; wants of - the citiFens. Qtroughein the finien. If the' Operation -of the state banks 'cannot pro thieff.this...re.sulti--- tho-probable.- - operatinwof a- Naticinal Bank will merit cohsideratiOn,' ke.” . . ' • . ..- , - .... At that session,_ CongreSS incorporated the Bank of the United States, and .af the next session, the President held this lan guage, ' respecting_ the: _currency- and : that Bank: • From Mr. Madison's last Message. f' , For the interests ofn the•eornmu s nity at large ; --as well as for the purposes - of the Tretteary,.,it_ie._essentialy--that-the-nation ' sheida_possess-e currency-of-equal-value, credit, arid .use, wherever it may circulate. The constitution - has entrusted Congress, exclusively,• with the power of creatirig and regulating a .currency of that description and the' mei - Sures taken, during the. last: Session, in execution of the power; give every promise of success. The „Bank of -the-United-States tas-_ - been - erganized - iin; - : Aler_iiuspices,the- MOSt , favorible, and-Can-1 not fail to be an_important au?tiliariflo those meseures." • How that sounds no as an argument •for the Sub Treasury! °'-Here-you have setup ,a,doetrine vitally affecting the busi ness and pursuits of the" country, fatal to your families, and you must determine for yourselves if it shall be the doctrine of the country... But before determining; look well at the constitullen-Weigh 'all 'Pre cedent—and if naines and authority are-to 4opealed to, contrast those-of President Van, Buren, with' these'of the dead Petri arch,. whose.words I have jestriead to you, and, decide accordinglyi----','-. • ' : We-have heard mueh from the Adminis •trationpgainst binilts and banking systeres. I do not mean to discuss that , topio—but I will itarAbar 'their tampering vvith thorcyy : - Toney; and - c - oursolit'reatiniffollaratiriiere titan all other. causes increased these banki.` •Vati.Buren's meaSage contains a fatalyrinbiple; one iltrigettrer • wrong--=. =the Principle that the. Government has nothing ,tcr,tio with providing d' currency for the country, in other *anis proposing a separation between," the. money of the ,Governinentl 80 the nioncy, of the.pepPle. 'This' isibp;great_errer---which cannot-hi, compromised 'is susceptible of no,antelioration, or.iiiodificatien,-or , medy, bu(the caustic' which Shall- tot* Do not know that.here must always' •bc bank_paperT—li there:a-man-bere - who' eapectsihnt: he or children, or his'ehil; dien'n, children, islitill)!lteo the day'. When only gold coin glittering throogh par. see ,will, bPille•qurren - Mdfiho'countfY. in thoentirit exclusimovf bank' piit4sl - Not, Mos. , : But it itr'Ngbliliglrict pfeveikinnt to 'perffirtii AMA lhattnalistPlbeie hank You heti, to' brew YOrki. have soimdlbank 'paper; redeemable incoin, prigif,yo,were surrounded_ by a PhitiMee'VOl;` , it ha indifferent to !ypu - whoher Otiviernment - locilied , 'after the OE eurreneko4 - imt: But ipta Nave daily'busl= . ness rel bons Withpoaylv - dnia,.and , :With' West,*'and:Eaat; and SOtith ; and.; You lia - vea — ditebt llitetebt- that tbeii Chi:Colley too shall be sound; for Otherwisel,the yery superiority of yours is, to a certain degree, an lnjuMand,Ass to you,:—siace,'you Pay ih the 'equivalent of 'specie for what , you buy; ad self for such money as - circulates in the , states' with which'. you But New c annot effect the general,resto ration of the •carrency, nor any, one state; nor' any nuiriher of states short of ,thp, wliole —and hence.the'Auty,of the. General Go vernment to superintend this intemst., 'Sub - ,7'reasury Li4c). - , - • But Whatfdrie.s 'the: Still llieasury .pro 'pose 'lts basis , is , a separation of the con- . ceititsibt.,'.the Treasury from those Of ;the :People. ?The bill kovides o •.' 2 That there shall be provided in .the. new' Treasury kniltii,ng at 'Washington; zooms for the. use:of:Ole :Treasurer;' an d fire proaf vaultsTa.nd-lates' for the. keeping , . of'-the public loonies; acid these; vaults and gales are deelare& to lie".the Tr'easury..or the - U. , „ . _ • • ~ .. That the" vattlts.and stifes of the Mint in . Philadelphia, pod:the-Brandi] Mint at New Orleans, shall,alsO be .places for the depo sit and bide keeping of the • publie:nionies, and -that tlferehaWlie - fire proof - vaults and-, safes:etaQin' the. CUstoni ; Houses. of Ne 4 York and Bosfon, : and in ,CbarleSton, South 'Carolina, and StAntis, AI issonri,:andthot i these also shall b p laces of deposit. .. ']'hat there shall bed Receiver General at New York, Boston, Charleston, and St. Louis. the 'cream] retatif these Mints, and the Receivers Gener,al, shall keep the publie:MoneyWithout•loaning. 6r 'using it until Ordered 'to be - paid 'out ; and into ,the hand's of these Treasurers ' and Receivers General, all colleetors'of public monies are -to.pa}.whaf_they-receive4,- ." . =_:- -::: ' •-.- That theresolution of-Pongress- of A Aril; 1816, he So far altered, as that hereafter of all duties,' taxes; and-debts due . atulbecont- ing_due -to Ille•United . :Stotes, : aftcr June,of. this . year; one fourth shall be - paiti in..qpe eie; alter-June of next. yeor, • one ; after Juiic of ' 1842, three-fourths; anil af ter June; 1843; all debts due the United States, whether for :du( es, taxes; sales of pitblie lands,,patents.,_postOges of- letters,: or otherwise; l44 -shali..lbe_paid_inLgolti ‘ anil silver only.":' '• , _ _ : ..- . • That frolic - and after' - Ittne;l643,;:;.:czery otheet and agent in. the Government, in making . disbutsements..er . payments on ac -count of:the-United State, shall make such. payments to..gold and silter_coin only ; - . • ... Receiver' General - in New - York" to-be paid:s4;ooo salary-theothers, each $2,500. ---I-propose L•to --say-ri Ifew•-_ ,weids__On_lliese provisions: • In the first place, if. seems very awkward to, declare --by,•law ,certain rooms 'in Washington, and - ;, ( Certain Cafes aturiaillts therein, the Treastity 'Of the U. States. We bye .beeif necusttnned here- Aerate to Took - Op:on' the - :TreasurY as it'De p_artment/ of the Goiernment, recognized by the constitution, which declares that no money shall be diar,.,fi•oßtfte Treasury,co urse .-- of - law. - If play, however. l u , ~,( 1. .h.e . a question, whether any, thing 6 but theae rooms and_stife s atlVaithiagton are not now withdrawn froirkthia:ketectiiin orthe con stitution. It is senseless.. It ia abliff - rd It is as if Ate Legislature.- of . Ne'v York should '.declate • thati„,nertain . ,desks'and ta bles,'Ot a c'ertoitilarge room in : the United States Hotel,' c.onstituted the__CoUrt fer the TftilieitrorliarEFrOisin - ihe Tgiate °TN. e iv -York. . ~. .. „ What else - does' this bill do?.. It declares - . there - shall be cettain . vatilts, aid safes,.and' room 6”. But it has not been for 'want of adequate 'male, and safes,.and. rooms, that we have lost-our money, but owing to the hands to which we have trusteftthe keys. It is . in the character of the officers, and vet in the strength Of. bars and vatilts, that we .must look for security of the public treas ure. What-would -be- - -thought- in_npriiate lifer-itsome-rich-inerchanti-1.-.1.--AstorJor instance, should determine no - longer to, trust.his - Money with 'banks and bank di rectors, who, neverthelei3s, have a common interest with him in upholding the. credit and 'stability of. the..carrency,_and_ - _should. build for ,himself. certain . safes,.aud vaults, and keying placed his, treure therein, skonld iglit. apPly _for-the--ciffice-or ireasurer v give,theikeys to. him who:Noiild work the cheapest, lon might not, per, hails; pranounte yon. Would certainly .;t417- 4 -'he - acted-verfunlike J.J. itstfir,' . 'Now what is true of private affairs is , especiallY true of 'public affairs, and what would be absurd in.an individual.is not-less in a government. What is doing in Bos mew-where+ belcing?:-thereTile-bankirtliere'-i -resieetablc;.:2'specie-paying;'''. trust-worilly hatika,vmenaged by prudent .and, discreet men—and-yet- the- treasure' eff 4 thecountry i's'witlidrawn ifrorn the keepint of-those, institutions,, with a:capital . paid, lit- of , two ruillionelottlellars and locked up in , eares_i and vaults, and olie'ol the PresidenVa po litical' friends' fiotit aninher State, 'sent for to come 'and:keep the . key. There •is in his case ps,preliil,enktu,watelt.the:-cas h ier, no .• to` WatCh the teller,. and no directors ,to,Overlobk and control responsibility is Vested in .;one man. • Do you believe that, if under' such cireumstaiaces, the United States, folloiving the 'example of individuals, were offer o receive private - funds in deposite in,such a safe, and :allowlnterest on them, they 'would be , entrusted with any . ? There are no= securities keeping the public many that we had not-, before, while_ that did exist, in the ereenal,cliarecter,lighltrUsts r antr diverid lied interests of the , officers and directors, directors, ;of banks are removed. - Moreover, the, number-Of-feeeivit % and tlt `sbursm titers, is increased; and. in irrdportionls , , the -den `ger to the • public!treasure increased :_ ?'the next proVitnortis, that money mien reeeived into the. Treasury is, not• to •be leaped put; and if this law is - Ali-le:the Jot"( iheTteed,; for Alingertnis indeed Avoiii4 be, the teenit:ei 'and perniciOns '•the consitiluencese,if these treasurers . ,:-Werptu l te left ~ .al:libertY to loan,, out, andparty,issecia tea, the .inonies drawn front , people: '.'.N et the .- pf_iteot. of - this geierinlient,hitheito ME I= inti Elli ES ,'has-always been opposed; to this policy of 'belting, up the monies of the peoPle, when and while it is not required , for publie4sar. vice. Until - this time the PUblie deposites, like, private, "!leiciosites; were. Med' by the banks in Which they : wete plaeed, as, some Compensation fore: the trouble of safe-keep ing and-in furthekaiie:Of- the. getters(' con venieuee. W, hen; i'n. , lBB`4,•Gen: Jackson formed tile., leagne: of the 'Deposits State' Banks, they Were speciallidirectcd.by Taney, 'then Secretary Ot, 'OO . .CtellBPstr; to use the public funds 'in AlisCoiinti for the aceommodation of the husinesi of the cettn-, try, ..And,why.. should : this Jecit--be- so The, President now 'says,,if the monde: is„ kept itt : hatika'it: .Willbe used Iby.'.thein discounts, and they , heitOfit: therefrom. hat-thoti ?•Is it a sufficient 'for (tern:tiling the . coinmunity. of .a benefiej'al Meastire, because thebanks; thpt% carry' it out : Will, alSotneasureably-AoriVe some benefit . 'frciiti 'it:, 2 ' The litteaticin - bl,'• • will the public tiebOnefited Vzntrif.this be answered affirmatively ; no barlo Say.. thin. the Banks will too. erhe-Govern- rtint is not to play' the part the i dog: in the manger: ^ The doctrine altogether pernicious, opposed to our . , experionce, and -• AO the habits andbitainess of the nation'.,.., The next . provisien . . is that•regniring, after-lkllgialldues'to-the-government shall . be paid in gold 'and. silver.and Itow.eiOr on crops or injurious this provision, his to be ' that tbn . goVernment.can if they choose, enforce . it. - They have, the power, and as good citizens, we must submit.; • But such a practibe will be inconvenient, I will • Bay oppressive. I-low are those Who• etipy- three-lourth - S of -the 'stt . rfaco of .the nited.StatOs to comply with this .provi- 7 . . sion?, ' Here, in coMinerela neighborhoods and in large cities, Alm. difficulty will be less;. but where is the man who is to teke up lands in ,the Westetu States.totet4i'pa cilidW transport it? The banks around pay bone—he gets none for'his labor: and yet, oppressive‘ as all this is, I . ailmitpthat theAlovernment have rigttr.to..pass• such - i faw, that white it is a law, 4..trtust be obey . - ed. • . - But. what are we pioinised as the equiva- •-• . lent for all - this Inconvenience and oppres- • sion Why,,that the CovernmewLin its .hinrwill.pay its_ slebts. in Specie,. antl_that: tvltat it receives 'With- one iiand, it Will , pay:out:Witlitlie - otherand,a-itietallio_eir7 reulation undertake --- to, say . .that no greater fallacy than this, was • ever 'uttered ;, the thihg. is impossible; and _ for . _this ,plain. reasen. The dues -which governinr vcollectS, come from als,Teacli . pays for: . hilinseff.• Ilut it is . far otherstrise - with. the - disbursements; of dor '`-ertitnent._; They _do. not_ge__downtei - vidu.ais, 'and, seeking Lut•the workinen and •-;,- the laborers, pay to,eath his dues: - Gov- • nn largc'sums - rto'large con- . t e r r ac iei tor i sL i rid s -t in o.these 'they, pay gold and' . silver; -Rut .do the gcild•anit silver'-reach -theSe wlioni Alio contractor - employa ? On the contrary, the . contractors deal es they _ see fit with those whet'''. they eniploy,-or of .whom they purchase. The •Arnik, and olodictlzby:contraet ;_. .1... wwv ! aa OusIIAMI Houses, your. fortifications,-for . the Cum berland 'Head; alt . far oilier - public - ;Works„ •-•• • are all suPplitebre - ontract. • -Large 'con tractors flock-.to' Washington' and' receive • their tons of gold - fintt-silver ; but do they ._ carry it with theta: to Maine, Mississippi, Michigan, or Wherever-their residence and ,for depreciated paper, the .con-/ • tractor tbi added premium; and_paYS off those he cities - in, depreciated-bank holes.. This is nat . an imaginary case. .1 speak of wind is . in proor,......A_contractor - came - -to-W / rithington' last'Whtter, - and received a draft of $lllO,- 000.• on a specie-paying bankin'New York. ' This he sold-at 10 per cenl. 7 premiuin, and . with the avails p.urchascOviltli..cat..meney,' .with 'which haxaid ;the producer, the far-__ thirlab - orer.7l. TOR' meat hard• money; to the. rich contractor . • hard money; but to the producer arid- the • laborer it gives' paper,. and, 4 - ad:Paper only,:, A - . and yet this/System'is recommended ea . ?' specially - Tfavoring --- the -- poor - pari;Tilither than' the'•ficb,.and credit is . claimed for.this• Administration isAlte„TpoorLmates-friend,_.- Let us look. a little pare.:nearly*ai.thia mat.' • • ter; and see-ivliom; in Huth;=it dace favor . -W ho•are,,the. rich in 'this Comity ?..!_-_There is' very, little hereditary wealth..ameng,:us large. capitalists Sro-;,notAftufferouri,---:• int - Sante' thereare, neVertheless,•wlidlive upon the- interest of their money, and these certainly 'do,. not:suffer by this, new- doe- - trine; . : for their revenues are rendered more objecti" 'of-living are . • iedneetrin' valife: -- There is, the__ money, • . *Adel', toe, "who'snffers nor by, the . redue-.' tiini of Prices tilltirOurid: • :are ,tlie, iit . thiS"..cOuntrit ?. - -•Why,•-the holders of ()Pee. He who has a . ,fixed saln-* • • ry, of from 2500 teso o okfiiidoprieescal; . ii6-Lbut-Ldoes-his-salary , •-fall-?--On-the i contrary, three-i now -psyches!). more; , titian, the ,whole ,of pirchase',beford: auff is fat tlieseti4`heil: iviiiiihis new j aw . • Thgre. is; too, another clasi 'of our7feV,_ low-citizens wealthy. men, 'who haie pered, during the last- year, 'end thek hate— prospered, when , nobody 'else prospers.- 1' mesh thirowners of S hipping. What"is the reason? Give Me a reason, Well,l- . , .will give you one, The • shipping..pf country carries on the'foreign and domestic trade-;4lieilergar 2Vessels Elie trade7 --- ': - -- - Nbw i why have:th been Successful I answerlb,r elt.- tunplp. I live :on the -. sett:;cmtst England, and one En,IT inifrOt isthe largest ellittty_ner, Prehably,, 441 V4_,80415. n has ,flisde, ;what *,,m for., two,,er three fortiineit'aed aide i sendi• :his .;ishipS, 4o,•Alabamai Loubilina, take-freights of cotten,-- 2 ., This staple., whateier-the.:priee,:ahr4i4 &re ' ,25 `11 1 1:t the',,.' 'captait.;to: forinstance, where ,iikt 9 i#Alokir 1,04 ott?rett n depreeiattitt,eoo6o: (4. ' 41 ,0 1 4 16 n i; and a ys for: thetnr e 'br': bill 3Vhielt:ho:lolo.;# 4l3* Ye tZ'preMiUM:', ___Beit'itt"ence s 'as beLseen,-he'tett`his 'r .:: e, 3 111
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers