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BEM
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T E1kt111,.% .
. . ,
Tile q CARLISLZ Htn.A.LD ,t EXPOSITRII" will he'
. issuel evet7 Tu . 6Bll.,y'afternoori, at, Two Dot.i..sits
per - annitin, iikfallle in adiance.
Advertisements inserted-at the usual ides::
A
ro7.lbetters addressed to.,trieTellitor on business
'MUST .13E'POS.T PAID, otherwise they: wilI:re••
ceive no'attontion. • ' • •
AGE VS.
. • •
The laimed.Personsliave been appointed
Agents, Tor:the tO Calliale „Herald
_Sz • Expositor," to
ivliont payment fol. subscription and :advertisements
- can be made; .; • ". • •
D. SHELLY, Esq. Shiremanstown, Comb; Co. ..
Heuer Coirti;Esq. , ,' do..
P. KnOirtz, Esq. NeWburgl3, „ • •-. do. ,
Trio. W. HINES, Esq. Shippensburg,
JOHN WUNDEILLICII, rat Cl . -. do. do. -
111.,kTiEit,Esq.Hoguestown,,,
Wit ... do. •
It. isorr, Esq. Alreclandesburg.,
WILLIAM 11.ussit.s.., Esq. Hopewell, _lap. .
SionotoN„Esq.Chureldowq, -
CumberloH, - -do.-•
Trios: Binelt,Esq.
Blooinfield, peril- county.
'A. BLACK, Eq. Lundisbutt,. . do.
' •
COMMUNICATION:M2
For the, & 44oRitpr
MOSEL W.
•
For. 'WO thousand nine hundred and.thir--
tp•one years ; from- the reve/ation - of the.art
- _ ..of Alphabeticatwriting, until, the discovery
of that of printing, the only,means of
• -i,plying the copies of. any book - was by the
. pen—a laborious' and 'eomparatively,tedious
;process. The substince on which the an
- ---cients:Wrotvwaettivally:parclnnent;. an ex
. - 'pensive atticlefid-difficult ..to procure hi
4 quantities equalto the demanil,•: The parCh,
meat rolls were indeed - durable; but : still
--liabtdtlikeklefaced - by time: The' writings
• - -on thtifircrdllirvr — boolts-were-ox-pos
• destructioiif frotit -an - other - cause Vhena
•
bock fell ittito
-the' hands : of - one- who could
not appecciateite'coutente, lurid who had
llepo,sition to: write, ; ha' defaCedlhe reeerd,
`to Make reem for "his -own
'.These_parehrnerits which Were thus written,
Second time; were -calledy.palimsests; or
"'re-written,; . and it;ioAtoilishing What -ray-•,
• ages. of the futekiwuiks of antiquity; were
quade. by the - monks
. In, the, darlCages. The -
. Liriost valuable Philo4phical, .historical, and
poeticil - records Were." al - aced, and 'their
-:place occupied_ by. childish. legends; coup -,
- -:pose.d-in-, honor of- . real- or -iipaginary- saints,
4toattutse the-,ignarant. - , -Some of. these
. uable works . ot . an clod Writers, that n haLl
iconTflioitlitAki - Wes rife - aiveribl las r; - .;:have,
'been lately brought to light, and are foul
cto',be still - legible, natwithstantling the at-
ternita to deface them. Both° fact that so
lralitable. c monuments of :antitfuity - were de
- , stroYed in this - maimer, demonstrates' how
• __dear_and rare parchments, suitable for wri
ting were; which added to the
tscribitig,--reridered,-.theAirieb=is-11M--elte---entirz
meus. IKore the discoirerY of -tlte art of
!printing, - evert the , grcatat . - eellectione - of
hooki .yiThieli' this ,parchment Writing age
viisLable___to - afford, wttald not have been
...placed within' the reach of the most opu-
Ilent of our own " , community. Persons of
great wealthonly could afford to buy books,
or the use` of them, while the . treasure's of
knowledge-were - locked against all the-poor
and middling classes of society. I beligwe
• •a single copy of the Bible was sold as high
aas 'fifty • guineas. Authors made their
worki known not by the multiplication of
'copies, but by reading them to public 'coin
parties, aiiiembled for•the purpose ofhear
ing:them. -.Thucydides, and `other Grecian
__ .
_.
Nvriterra_eilebrity, read, their works at the
', 'Olympian, games,
• after which they were
I ,.'klepositethin the archives of their authors;
lot of-opulent-puithasersovhere_they were
aceessible-only-to , the favored_ few. __Virgil.
.read his 4nead in the court of Augustus,
- du order tto make it known: " • '
Under' thesecircumstanceA very few of
the professors of religion 'could have access
to the reading of the Scripturesi and almost
' • - their Only
. - meansOf - becoming acquainted.
. with the contents of that blessed volume,
was lly.hearing it' read and expounded in
,ithe public services of, the sanctuary. How
- --ever „learned iffew _play, bave, been4n, _the
different ages, the great mass of ,the peOple
. • coast harp:, hen ,deprorabry, ignorant. ' He
-,--;who noW figs, re?ds:antl_understands: one
= _ monthly . journal, or, one 'weekly newspaper
- has tnoreirifelmation.yespecting the-presertt
stats of the world, ,in religion, ,politics;
„agriculture, the arts.and sciences, thanmost
ancient kings . conhlpossesi. ,
~ , ,
- ' The expense' of ,Proeuring parchment
' „rolls, was somewhat diminished by the "nse
-----ef,therpapyrus;. allag,that grevi "iii .ggypt,
~.., ortjhe banks of the Nile, - -whieft wee used
: :, as.a substitute., '. But it was.usually,,enaploy
ed hi engrossing transactions of minor ,im
,,... ' ' tuteel Ite-it was-of frail teittire, and
~.„...„fie, i *dilstroyY,.l#:. decay. r , It was not until
.„ , ,
.*TifteAtitl,i,c,ciEttury;.that the art of malting,
peper„,Whichderived,its name - from the pa
.,.i pyrua„ was,.tlitieOvered. ',This, Was' a very
,
tmportaut,inyentien„, ~,,,a pared•the way for ,
pne much more ilhistrielis; and, fraught with
. ;
.emisequencel of : the grealesi, ntagnitiideLL
- that Of printing. SO great isthe,suiplieity
of •this•ari, we are astonished that it should
'... ) have remained unkmiwn, .111nOsi three thou
'' . sand'yeara 'after the, heaVenlY;giff" of'alplut: '
- - betical writing: '• But; the , progress which
: , men Make; in , valuable 'discoveries. is re
' -markablidalow: Sueh discoveries l nre” tor/
•"names in'guigitit'en . ste, few 'and far-he ! '
• , 21.Weetisi (.4 '.. -.' i'. - ' '''.. ~, j . ' .
~ .. . -
I r lm,iitientiOn 'of printing was not the
, ty
result of:accident; .as Ina torn:Mate iris= -
s, , vo_ve.Viee-in , „nuidern plijlo phy ace, , but the
_..... l, Ag r f l PTißg. - 14.1tUkillfuLapPlicatiminf-mktii
'',, , -Laurent custer,• of Therle,m, ncity, oflinl
land,-hrst invented types, which were cut.
..,...., , . . , • , •
. . . .
. .
•
• • . .... ' • - • . o
. • .. ' •.' *. .''. . r •
',.',' , ' - ' .r.
• ~, „ . ~ . .... ,• . , • - . . . . . . . •'.
~ ,
-,.. '‘, • •
.. ', :,
,:. . •
.• .
.
.
. . .
. , - . - . ... . . .
.., . .
.....-.: , .. • . . . .-. . . . , . .- , .. ..,-.. o .
. . . ..
• 11/Ail .._ , t.. ....,, ;.1......t._
, •
. . . .
... . . ~ ..
. .. .
. . . .
... r I 2 . . -:. ..
..- • ... . . . .
. . , .
' . .
'
. . . . ,
. . .
I .
. , .. . . .
. . .
. . . .
. . _ _ ..
.. , .... • - - —,_, . _ _
. ' 1
1 .
~... , •itr
. .. •
• • ,
... . .
.. . .
. . .
•,. - .
. , . .
.•_.,•..., . . . . . . ,
EMI
in bloc4s :of ,wood. At first, the3i . were
.rude, of. cAviree, arid very impe - ifeet Soon
after,huthe year: 1440, John Outtemburg,
lentz, in- Gertriany, improved on 'the
discovery of Coster, by carving Metallic.
Ltypea
1 wood, were still very impt.rfect.. Sander
perfected the inVentionrat : StrasbOu'rgh, by:
castirig_ types_in., an_-iron' mould, or matrix.
Ilmonly addition since made, is the . caatirig
of. immovable types; or what we call stereo
type
,:ffiates. _ .When_::once—iniented, the
great. importance •of the art'
. Stlitiulated - ex . - .
-ertion, which. soon brought it to. perfection.'
The price of ordinary - books is nbw . so
_much reduced, that the treasures of knowl
edge, -which have been amassing for ages
in all the departments of science,,.arotkrown
open to all.' It may . be doubted whether, in
the absence of this art, it Would be possible
so to enlightOntlie great-mass oranycommu-:
nity, adlto.retider them .eapable.of Aelf-gov-•
ernment; liSt.the • representative or republi
can:form. kis _by. - this happy deiice, we
are pereuaded,,thatall . the. nations 7 0f the
Ar4ll shall brenlightened . in .the.-rights of
marl, and in - the true principle's Of govern
ing commonwealths-by-the -representatives_
of the people-. • ~ _ " • •
-- NThe illustration of the advantages of the
arCpf prhiting-In our own time's, wouldend
btace almosteVery - important obj6nt - -
man em
brace_
every
and blisiness:
They all_ employ- the press, as-the great en
. me ; by which. individuals, churehei, and
nations are moved.: It.is impossible-to con
:naive the-revblution Which_wonld_ soon..take
place in the _lvluite FiateriCsfeitity - stiVetilin
'civilized:in/OU, were the press . annihilated.,
The{great :enterprises-of. the nations, 'and.
of social instinitions, would be checked in
care_-thei r.°,l4,ercantilelaffairs are guided
lip - tin; press=---AdvkeeSfrninicireigninitions
of the, prices . . of .eommo - tlities - ; and of .the
state Of -theiharkets at llome, - .-are ,comniu
mcated - through this ehaniiel - ; and it even
farnishes. - the- - circulating : in - ediuM;Ais the .
rrptc - Sentativeof_property. . .
..
:Itithelinainess: of civil
,goVernthent, what.
of :importance, is; or - can _he accomplished'.
witliout, ; ,the , instrumentality of the_press ?.
It . is hardly:conceivable that the memorahle,
Irevolution, by which '•our . country became
atf independent nation, could ever have been
- effe - cted, unless the public mind had ,been
awakened-, - enlightened,. and stimulated to'
n :Vigprous and-persev=ering action b),(the light
"tvhich.. it ',Shed riion
,society,at largo; and'
ilieltillasticLar - diir - titliteltirliin - dled ii
the bosorns:of the - people/ All the wealth
:=-• \ all the knowledge—all-the comfort }which
•
flow Troth that 'memorable revolution, and
'all the increase pt. Our poptilation,•inay he
_traced to its - beittp.ti influence. 'Little did
- Coster thitik 4 / when - carving his wodden
types, that -he was furnishing , the means of
- st - ttp - endotist - reiilittionsi -1 0 - rattifilifFnirtlie
Wealth:of the_ worn to of L adding,millions
to its population. - . , ~ .• -
,
rir the art of printing was iddihpen6ble.
in the gaining-of-our-mdePendence;_and_in
the establishment of, our_ republican forins
l of government, is no ess_ to their pie
'iserViition. When men assert that, because
I •
former republics have - paised all* .
„and
.de',
generated'. into despotisms, et - iiis must also:
fall,, they torget the influence •df the press
i upon the present state of the world. .We
have, indeed,the saline corruptions of human
nature, the same arnbitioits thirst. for pow
,et, the same 'disregard for 'the rights_ofincm,
and the same intriguing-spirit to contend
,with in our own times and country, Width
in- . past ,agewaccomplished - the ruin•of par-
Itinily organized_ republics. But we have
the Weans to expose -them, and the very
dread --- of - thii• expttstire - imposes - up ow them
asalutary - 1 ---- r --- -
c tec,,,t-.
~. • , •
. _ _
In order, liowever, to Tender this eifeeltual;
our citizens must, know the extent of their
means, and improve them by reading. 'the
~press may, i ndeed, become partially corrupt
ed; but as the interest-of the great mass of
the people alwaysis to preserve
this'cOrruption can hardly ever becOme
general—absolutely nivee, if - the people
will.read and reflect. .
nut the home of the pfess is in the de
-partment of. literature. Here our common
schools are all - under her control. She fur-
nishes-our children with-all_the implements
- Of - learning-; ' and -helds -u p-to -their-yonth ful.
minds. The lights . , of knowleilke. O'n the
suhjecti of grammar, .geography,, and his
tory, the child, ,of: ten • years old may • be
familiar, with truths of which ancient sages
and nionar t chs were ignorant. 'And in the
higher departments of literature, - the-press -
infuses much ottheiplife and vigor. She
furnishes them with , 'their classic poets,
statesmen, historians, and philosopher's,, and
with the ,modern, works of taste, morals,,
and science; preSenting to our youth the
treasures , of I learning, which have been, ac
cumultiting in all ages and nations.' ,"'rho,
facilities afforded by the press in the
,prose
cution of all liberal,,stUdies .are _inestimable.
The,printing press 'governs the enlighten
It is Arne, that the •' powers of
darkness?, are exerting all their might in
uPpesition to it. •J But what will this avail?
A. public• sentiment haS been created by this
Inighty-engine.' Slid has title ed her loud,
distinct, and. Warning Voice 'in aver of the
righter; Mid interests of man. .Americans
haVe 7•lleard it. , , The people, or tjie old
world have lifsard . it. • • Popes cad- tyrants
tee, hay.° heard hitt:enabled; art
-stood still..
The press.. sounds the trumpet , truth and,-
liberality, rd etfMmons the riati ns to arise
and assert their , rights;,'aiiirdefend their in;
teresig . . Ail 'Shari heal! and' cibeY.' ''. ,-
.... , .._____,..—.1...... , _,--4- - crt-
, - : , , . ''
. . , • • --Tr I O NA L D.
Shippensbitrg, May,23, 1838. '1 - • ' •1
i
~
..,
A FAMILY NEWSPA.PER.--DEVOI*D ir() IsnEmis, Pom9rics;LIZEJRATLTRE, TIIE . ARTS AND SCIENCES, AGRICULTURE, AMUSEMENT, ' &C. &C.
Printed 'and Published; Weekly, by George' al. Phillips, in Carlisle, 'Cumberland
.-,: ; !:).,1« : 1.7.1 . - P,AL - ..: -'...H.
SPE ECH 11tit BOND,
Of Ohio, 'on, , the . correct
--- abuserin-the-publiereTpenditures--and
to
,eeparate,the y Government from,.the
Press? •: . .
DeliVered in the. House of Retwesentatii*,
•- • • - °
„
'Botch -- Saidr-he .".rejoiced-diafthe
•
;tendon' of they- House. and. of -the country
was again. invited. to the subject of retrench
-mein andieTorm._, Be was aware that these
terms ,hail become somewhat, hackneyed,
and :he almost feared .that- their frequent
repetition here.had'rendered them trite,and_
unmeaning: • . They had been 'used; as was.
-well-knownOvithigreat effect, - to pht deivn .
one adininistration and eleVate: another,;-,2
That end being. attained; they seemed to
have performed their office, so far at-least
.as the party now in power-are- concerned.-
All must admit that .we have had no prac
tical retrenchment or reform. ..
. .
.7M - r.13. - said:he:iviihed gentlemen now in
poWer to admit that they - had amused, if "riot
Ileceived, the pe4le of this :country .With
ft - itsere -"faney—slcctehtm If they would
-not -makc_this_conceilion,. then Jip called
upon than to specify any retrenchment or
reform which - they had 'accomplished: But,
sir, if they fail in this, as I think:they must,
then I-demand their reasons for not, ctYing
out their:great and salutary system of re
!forrit;'for .which they stood solemnly pledg
ed-before, their. enutt try,
.. . ..
,J am unwilling .to believe that-the terms
retrenchment and reform have - lest their - just ,
and yirtuOuS sense. The .People of
,thi
'-t-ountrrwi'll-ileter inine
• Ivlther this neces - -
sity for such - measure&lhad - passed : away
with - the simple:elevation of certain men to
power.. - _.-. . : . .. . .
-:-.... - You, Arr. Speaker, must lie well aware
l ' hatsomethipg :more than .. this.was prom-
iced: You ficifesed,ir,•l?pleanjthe par- .
iyWith which you act, profCssed to ber,pcva
by the purest' and most sacred regard_ for
the 'welfare of the people. Ve find recorded
. .
-here; and in the Senate,- a - solemn "pledge" to
carry into effect. a systematic reform, if you
should be placed in power. This was done,
43iri in March, 1829,_ and . you have held
undisturlied poiseSsicin ever since: During
. . _ , ,
that time, noiv going on ,ten years, what
. p2.rt of your pledrtWdila
has been redeemed?
I desire to net:ssiOn.fdirly.
and with entire accuracy as to facts. I
wish, to state' them too, that'all may form a
just opißion in relation to 1116 sincerity at l
good faith of those whose conduct may be
brought under review.. • -
Was it really true, sir, thiii.t.te'expeniii
.tures.,of_ther.Govertirpent,-were_unnecessari-
lyrlarge? - -Had :the. President toe - much
power, and was tliere :necessity for_restrain:!
ing it? Was the patronage Of the bovern
ment so enormous as, to require checks to
-he-placed on it ? Wee thiS patronage used
'for political ends, especially the patronage
of the press? Was it true Jthat...tke-ire - C.:
cloin of the press -an4l.;tlie ' security of 'our
libery - demanded' that the printing patron
"age slionlirliiiiiiilidffiv7if TioliFtlfe — SeVaiit
Dwain - petits, and the State Department 'in
particular'? .', • .. . .
. All these.inquirieS sore ,iuggested by the
&Oarations' and avowals of the preSent
dominant. paity,Wheri they sought for eleva
'vation. lint lest •gentlemen may. have' for"-
gotten the precisecharges made against Mr
Atlaini'S Administration, I beg leaveio read
keit ceriaio
.documentp Of this House and
_of the •Senate 4, in whieh these griefs and
complaints,---with-the -promisekreforms, arei
- duly.7.rociarded -- , 4 '17 --- . ----- ; ---------- ---t
---The-first-in--point. of time; :is: it report
Made to the Senate in 1826, by a select
concuaittee, (oft which Mn: Benton Wa's
chaitittan,) . ‘ti2,wilich was referred a ptope ,
eition tKinqiiire into the eXpedieney of re , -
during 'the i)atioefige i)f the Executive t4op..
ernment of. the United •Statei. '
' In this
doctimen't Mr. Benton reports: -. • -
"That, after mature deliberatiOn, the
committee are of_opinion _that it_iS expedi
ent 'to , diminish or to regulate by law the
Executive patronage of the.rederal Gov
ernmen t - , - Liutlienever_lheXiiiiEeWher - 11
consistently withlherprovisions of-the , .oon--..
-stittitio*aini-xVithoutlinpairing-thcrproper
efficienCy:of
. this Government. :Acting
under this conviction, they have revieweif
as carefully as time and other
Would perriait them to do, the degree and
.amount of patronage _now exorcised by the
President, aritiThaVe - Aiiived at the coneld- ,
slot' '_that the same moli and ought be
diminished bylaw."
,
.
~rfor, - this purpose . that committeethen .
reported six, bills; one:.of thent proposed to
regulate the: publication ,of the laws -and' of
public's advertisements'; " anOther. ;bad
. this .
imposing .title=-"a bill to *lire. in, 'office
the 'faithful oolleetoi*and disbursers. of. the.
- revenue, and to displanoAefitttlfers:" 'But,
'bebulcs its - alluting,titailiat.bill'also con
tamed the:followingprovniioni, • ..„*.
!!-ThOt,tn: all, nominations made by the
' )'resident -to. the,. Sena . - ,to‘ fill .vaeareies.
occasioned-.hy.the .6' else of the -. Proof-,
x i
deitt's power :i t° ternoVe; rom office, the, fact
of . the romoVal.shall -bo elated:l°' the kenate
, at. the eaMe. timeJhe :uomituttioilisAiratle,
with a statement of the . : reasons: for. *bleb
Ouch officer may havelieen.removed...', l .':
..... The _ other- four ; bills. , alio looked - to thi3 - ••
restraint. -or ~ ,, r etioqion- . 'Of . ,the; Piii3sidene,
s.
power ..and,-patronage:', ktr
is ,itnecessark
nowto.read therii.,-- ,:Th ' report:
1119.6otorni.ttottAt. kiloatl#4,o, 'litre_
).
arß,lnany other- honcho's:of Oxeentive i wr
pa
'trnge; in- Adition to those .. l'i.biell' are
, N• p
, ~...
SEE
ES Dal TERJVO OM; JAI7.7rE 5,- 1 38.
EOM
. .
. .
conaprehended in the provisions of these
hills; which .might be advantageously regu=
-lated* Far from, thinking thatthey
have exhausted. the 'subject, they believe '
that they haVe Only opened it, and that no 7.
thing more can be done at this time than to
.:layitheloyndation_of_ _a, 0181 CM, to. be fol
lowed zip and em.npfeted'hereafter.".
31r. Bolin" said that, notwithstanding a
Series of-years had elapsed, andlVir;
Ben
ton and his friends.had fulfpowerolie pee
-
pie hattlaoked in vain for a superstructure
on,thisWonndation-ofasystem'
.of reform,.
which this fai tails . report propesed - toe - have
Jai& That: same - committee,. too, assert
and claim for the Senate "the'Ontrolityer
appointnients to
will
and say they "be
lieve that they will be' acting; in, the spirit.
of the Constitntion in. laboring
. to multipl
theTCmras and to Ytren-gthenTtlte—barriers
against the possible. abuse-Of power - 2! _This .
is necessary; they say, - . where laws. "ate
executed by.divil and - military officers, .by
armies 'and navies; by courts-of *dee, and
_by the collection .and diibursement - of reve-
nue, with all . its train of - salaries;jobsond
contracts .; and where,: in this aspect 'of
reality, We behold the working of 'patroitage - , - :
nd discover the'reason why so many stand
ready in any country andin all ages, to . flock
to the standard .of ; power;_wheresoevet.and
by whomsoever it :in ay be raised." The:
.nirilber of office holdersoketi - of "as large
aridstill rapidly increasing, -and. the report
1- proceeds: " ; Each' per.fon employed will
,'have a . circle . of gredter or -less' diameter,
of -which he' is. the. centre, and
ele..cOmpokA of • friends and :relations,, and
of individuals employed by himself !an . pub
lie or private aceount.''• By Way of illus-
Arating thegreatmuinher.of office holders and
their eembinedliower, Mr; Berrion then
milli to 'the Blue Book of the_ Republic;".
which.
.her grotVing • little- vol
c,"_and ..saysAt :.`trirrospondtai2 with ._ tlie
Red Bcrok-a—mOnarclii
-Mr. Speaker`, this
_Blue II °Olt. is indeed government_ into - their • own hands—and
-a -"growii4llittlel - Vciliime,"_Thiit'it has'irown: What has the , country realized? Why, - .:the
more 'rapidly in the nine years of this cloy:. number or custom hquse officers in-New_
erninent, administered Under, the advice of. York . has grOwn. from 4 1 74 to . 414! and
IVIr. Benton .andiltis • 'friendii.than it did in : their coMpengationzbas just increased froth
double - that time - rhefore. they Anne • into 4119,062 --- 39" --- to -- t1409;669 - 321!' - - - But, be-
j Power._ 1 present 'now, ' sir, for your in• - 7 -- :sides their stated compensation ;. it appears l
spection, the Blue took for 1828, and - that that, iii - the
-year-1836, the various subordi
for the last year, 1837 . . It is plain that die nate - , - o - flicei — • - iii - fthe New York . custom liouo
last isiteatly or quite dobble the size of the were allowed among them upwards of $53,-
former ;: and if the . content( of the' two are 000!---, And tiro -Colleetor . at, Philadelphia,_,
Icompared, the number, of office holders, during the same year," received, beyond his
their salaries and . compensation, the various salary, upwards of $3,000; the same officer
divisions - and - subtlivisionsrofTypry:Pepart-
in BoSionupWards of $2,300;
. any inany ia- .
Meet, it will be seen that;uniier this boasted ihers very-considerable . sumwhich I
~.will
, system of retrenchment 'and reform; .noth- not take time to specify. - .'
uig - has - been - curtailed, but on the contrary - . We thus 'realize the-inordinate-apil-clan- 1 ,
a great increase' in the number .of office gorous increase in•this branch of patronage,
holders, with increased salaries. To,this, foretold by the report. What has beenilone
too, is to be added a Most - alarming addi- to limit:lnd-restrain this patronage? Where
:tion_in all_ the public_exp,enditures_ of thel
. is . the- statutory_ rem ctly—the bill which was
- country-,-- greatly- exeeediq in amount the reported' for Alia purpose?.;slii_. ithas li-a-d
-expenses of that Administration wchWas ',
(Ittipt rptve,....:?11‘.1 - 41WS • lieveitii•Eart - o - r'
charged as wasteful t . And, if-this:State -of since tbe •giiccess of "the - Paity-." - The me ,
things is not c4±fc , tl MAitne,. we may yet i ment Tower was obtained, the admission
realize '4IA the Blue Book not only "eor-: made in the reportiihat the senate had con-
responds with," but has actually become, - t.rol over appointments, is denied in pracL
'the "Red hook of 111ollarcliy„„" in this our tice; and the,right asset-Let - thy the. c•pinpait
hoasted repu,blierfj4 . :F.- , --'-"--L-- 7 , ,--•••, , • I tee, to call, on the -President for his reasons
Mr. Benton itilliS relioft, exhibits a list, ' in a case of a reinovat from office, is now.
infirmronr - ilte --- Blun - Book - of - 1825 - , - ofc;all. t ue - offeil - atmnd - cOnteinfied---by-Mr,---Benton - ,-
the officers, with their salaries, at the Cus- - Mr.. V i
'Van Buren, and the whole 'party : who
tom house in the city - of New York. The made "or approved that report!, Mr. Van
numi)er thus given is one hundred and sevLl.Buren was one of the committee by whom
enty-four, and tlMaggregate:amoant of their tlibt report was made,' and yet he and his
compensition is stated $119,620 39. He I party °Vali violate . and , disregard • ever,y,
then exclaims— - principle `it urged! He now holds the "pow
•'A formidable list, indeed !=formidable 'm."' over, the "support" - of these trained
in numbers,.• and still more so from the vast, Bands of office holders at,. f .few York and
amount of . money in their hands. the ; ac, I, throughout the country. -"He. palms and
tion of sucha body of men supposingthem I unmakes them ;" and - "his spirit Will ani=
to_be_anintated_hyLonejspirit, .must. be tre- . mate theiLae_tioxis in; all elections."
.._,,Al 7 _,
-Mentions-M-anlelection4-and,thatihe_y_wil4Mcist The_•fltsinOtice we have of theuppoint,
be so animated is 11: - PrOposititinAtie plain to — meni - Of . .tei - i - eltiiWit -- ;.. tliW,OltettirS=offireTe
need demeristratiem PoWer over a man's in - New Yiiik) IS the annunciation of his of
sappoft has'.Ultiray's been held,and-admittedlficialspreSence-and-activity in the charter e-
tO be Oilier over his will. TheTresident Icetion_of_that city,_ ; re hear 9f . liim-byday
liablvoiver',OVer the ` support' of '
all these' , and by night, heading his cohort of 414-of-
oilicetS ; and they again have noisy over the' five holders,. with the 11.060 expectants, and
Opport of debtor,Mereltants to the amount , leading them to the Charge! 'Mr. Vim•Bu
bl ton millions of dollars: per annum, Mid , ,ren told us in the reporti- that "the-action of
over the daily support Of an immense num- ' such - a-body' of men . , stipposingtheunto be
be i r ; pf. indiiriduals, - professional, mechanical,' animated by one spirit, must- lip treinen-
MO day-labbrlng,, to whinn they can • and dons in an - election;'.' - and that they would'
will extend' or deny a valuable -as well , as be solaniinated„hnsaid,-wakma-proposition
Toblie'imironagefaccording - to - the - p - aii - they 'plain to . nex!' demonstration:" But I
-shall- act-iatate as_welrisji-ilidefareree.,_,
r. suppoSOACWitibet — rds
hands.....alLthis_ppw , _ -
And to all this, the 'report' still adds the harmless! ...The case of the tol='i
Naval and Military, Establishment, the Ju- , lector furnishes my answer to this; . and, it'
,diciary, the Post Office, and presses, with • another illustration is needed, .1-refer you - ,.,
.what it calls die "unknown and .unknowa-. Mr. Speaker,,to •. the appoilitifica
.ble..list of jobbers and contractors;-- and Wolf to -. the Collector's office in Philadel
the still 7 inere - inserpablelist, of ..exp - etaiits - phia.That yoli'linow; sir, a.f-!
who are waiting for 'dead men's i3hoeS,' and ter holding the - honorable place of 7 GOVOrII.•
the mean White' te do . any thine or of,Pennsylyanip, proudly called the-Key,
that the Mktg Mew. wiab."; Having:ihns, Stone State; was.sedueed - here - for:a paltry
glaWingly described, the state . of .patronage, ! clerkship. •We heard recently that he was,
and the subservient league and tinprinciededThlissaiisfied.in the contract bet Ween thoplab
devotion 'of . the office holders;' Mr: Benton given hint and that.proVided - -for9hiS .politi
then sayst..:• • • • . . cal rival, Mr.Nruhlenberg.-:-,Gov, Wolf,. it
"The poWer otpationaie; unless check- was ;said, hair 7 reigeilved , to, withdraiv, , . and
by the vigorous iinterposition of . Con-:- • ,giive some imlietition of hostility to the'Pre.- .
groins, must go on increasing, until-Federal sidentr :At this jtincture, tile power:. et pa
influence in many parts 4,:this . Confedera- -tronagels inlitikedttbeCollector.A=Phila:
don. will predinninate in -elections as anti-' delphia is, made. to take the' Clorkshin . at
pletely. as British influence:. predominates in , r Washingtop--..and COAW
',olf's - opposition 1
the elections of :Scotland - and Ireland, :is quieted in. the. Voliecter's bflice thus va
rotten borough towns, and inWhe great naval cited! an instarit..n - iiew.qllegiance
stations of, Pcll4.4moutli and Plyalopth„" sworn;' , andklov.: Wolf hinispli'.
. We' are . also. • told - ,.fiy ,Benton thatihia.new - effice; by heading;a call for a pole
"the - Whole of this greati;4,erdwill.pcntre tient-meeting. in the 'city_ of,' his official 411 1..f'
--in,thoPrcsidano die report then warns:-
- Wh t s
e .does not thnimettliar fitntis's
the` ciitintrV hi these iniPieasiire terms • - of the:suggestion bOfore.Mnted from their
"The King'of-.England ,the '' 4 fottntam.. -port of IVlr.Nan litiren - , and
.othoii of dio
of .honor 'the --. :President , .ot the United-.-leet,,Committee?. 7 ‘ President fOatitS ., ne
Suttee is the source of pdtronage: He pre- ' yofe,,,iaiulj,want-,1440,41.1,0114g03-
,sitlekever. the 'entite Isy,stein ot Federal sp :. . 1 , vote (th'heivislies,_aii* giveti;o4
peintinentsi:to.hik.:ind 'cool r hP • haA.
die nutividu-.1 . MrL§pealcei, idd.,S7 - roina4.
. , . .
ions
als, who_ administer the system,. He makes
and unmakes ,them. He chooses frPot the
eircle_of 'his friends and supporters, andpioy,
dismiss thein, 'and, upon all the,, principles
of humen•aetion,iviadisniiss them, - as often
as they,,disapPoint his expectations. His
spirit will animate' their • actions in all the
elections goi State and Yedira/liiiliees.—f-
There may be many exceptions, but the
-truth. of , a general rule is proved by,the
ception. The -intended check and control'
: of the Senate,. without new constitutional
ar,statuatory proviSioiKibill cease to .ope
--rat 6- Patronage will penetratelhiS body,.
, subdue its capacity of resistance; - chain if
to the car of power, and enable' the Pie Si-,
dent to rule as , easily and. Mu& mare se.
'eutely.with.than without the nominal check
-701-'the Senate!" • :
W - e - nauSt -- loOk - forward to to,the time
who i. prthe President :can.
carry any man through the Senate, and his,
recommendation can carry. any measure
through the two Houses:of .Congressl when
the_principle' of public action mill be. open
and avowed &President wants qty votes
and I waut•his•Patroitage;- I will vote as he
:wishes,: qn(l he will s inite-e the - office-•1
wish-lo rl--- : 1V hat -w ill -this-be but the, Gov ,
ernment of one ratan?.- ond-what is -the Gov,
trnment Of one man but .. a Monarchy ?".
Mr. Bond- said he hoped thehouse would
pardon- - him=-for-reading- froth-this report
these , passages, which so-happily illustrato -
the :growth and power of patronage: They'
• were referred to for - the purpose of sustairy
lrig.the allegation wilier:he_ had made;
. that
the present dominant p.arty•profcssed to en-
tertain serious fears ' for the perpetuity.. or I
.secniity'Ol. our institutions .andrlib - eTrty, if'
this public patronage was not checked or re-,
strained by sOmerstatutory_reinedies,.whieh'
they.slibmitted, for cousideration, and - pro,
mised- to" adopt at some convenient season,
if .placed in power. Well, sir', they sue-'
ceeded, and got the allmihistration of our
n - h - W
and atrona will be
or two, ' and pass. from: this report:. The.:
- committee who made it- consisted of Mr.
Benton, Mr: Macon, ,Mr.. Van• Buren, Mr;
White, - Mr;'Firidlay, ; Dickeiiiorii
Holmes, Mr. Bayne, and Mr. Richard, M.
johnson, all at the time jherzenlirifs.criends
of General Jackson, 'except, -perhaps,. Mr.
- 1. - 101nres - . --- They - rifge - d - thelinpropriety - of
appoiriting members: of congress- - to.:office,
and the expediency, of providing against it.
From the moment they came into power,
• their report and
.professions - .'are forgotten;
and - in four years theyappoint more mern
hers -of congress to :offoe, • than had = been
done in all the. previous history of .00-.golr
erninont! ,'They also Aoki the country in
that repOrt, that the iness„ the post office,
the armed force, and 'the appointing power,
were the most angerous portions of the fe
_
- And
deral exceptive. patronage:they-pro
fessed to hay.e_founda - remedy for:these dan- - :,
gees
,in certain bills -which they submitted.
They there tellus, -too,- that all this power
is theliatidd - of the President, arid that 7/62
is_not.imihe r _hande of the people: - Indeed;
they-"say- t±th_e_Presideiltpar„._and,. in -the
current of human 'affairs, will
. be against
the people;" and - the• conclusion elthe'whole
is, "the safety of the people the supreme
law;" . and; to ensure that safety, these ar
bitetsr_of fate (the pres7s„ the post
Office, the - armed force, and theappeinting
poWer)- must, change' position, and..take 'post
tin- tbe Side-ef . "the people." S eaker,
we have _ foundit true ; indeed, that the Pre
sident is not in the hands .of the people, and
-that he -will even turn against them! ~lE,OOk,
at Mr. Van. Bilten's December-:mes
sage, and see the opprObrium Nvhich,lie Casts . ,
-upon the people of his own state for daring
to:exereise their elective franchise contrary
to -- his
.will! ••• Notwithstanding his.profes
sions, and the pledged - faith of report,
he •vi - O - lenil - fietains the coutrol •of - these - "ar- -
biters of human fate,!? and will . not • stiffer
therii - ."to change position, and take peg on
the' Side of the people!" • _ .
Mr. Bond . would- next point - the,
attention-"of-gentlemen to -What had .passed
in this home on the subject of retrenchment
and reform; and he regretted to:fnd:inch
riiarvellons .discrepancy betwecn.-the "say,
ings and doings' =of "the party" on 'that
subjeci. The journals of - the house show,
that, in February, 1828, a select committee
was appointed to consider and reporter; this
whole matter: Mlle gentlemen appointed
were Mr. Hanailion, I%lli. Ingham, - Mr.
Rives; • Mr. Wickliffe, Mr; Cambreleng,
Mr. §ergeant, and Mk. Everett, all friends
of General Jackson, save- the tivo
They were charged to inquire inttalie-Whole
niaeliinery of the_government, with a vice;.--
ig ell in and
to rcduec its expenses and patron
to correct' ll all
The task: ,Their re
devoted themseltrinicf s -
y• "it
port (I men rtjse report, of the four ayeav_ed
re 07 . - 1 - fers - professed' -to.. the
_country,„that
"the public - expendifures at herfie - and_dbread
were Unnecessarily great; that every thing
was done on' too grand - a Seale; - that each
department had. too many clerks; and spent
too much money; that this was also the.caSe.
in congress,whose 4
, sesna were _needless
ly prolongd; and, by way- of 'correcting
this lAtter evil, they recommendcdthat "the
_compensation of members, dining: the :4
session of each congress, ' reduced - 46 'ti' , 2!
per day,' - from and after the . first•Mmitlay in
April, ilcongress should sit beyonit that,
day." ' • •
•-• Mr. Bond said ; he Would not read there
port to the house; lyttt he hoped 'this notice
of - it . might-aid in recalling' it to .publie, re 7
collection,• 'Whereby* would_ be seen-hoW.
midi had been proposed, and how little
had been clone: Here, too, it - willhOotind,
that, in concert with their colaboreis in The
, - senate, the house.terOriners describe . ljnost
Traphicallhej_ . 'stent - tinver - tif , patro- 7
mage;. and, for all their discovered
-they suggest remedies, , But, Mr.
_Speaker;
great as this work was represented ,to . be,
the. gentleman frOM N* York - (Mr. Cam
breleng, Mal ,his friends,.tOld 'the country in
- this roitoßV that - they - had - made - only
ginning,,(4what, in hunters''. - plifalkOis:-011ed
.a mere "priming." • They then inform tai.
that' nothing - more in . the way of reform
could. be done dt - Y them, - ; until the people
.should_driv_e froth the citadel of power those
who then held it,.and 'place if in - d§ithe - teini
-trot-of-the zealous_refortnere.—rtis- was .
tlane. This specious report , like ;its twin-
-sister.:l3. itho‘senate,_*as,_..trunipetetritioud
by its friends, _and - at public expense:
der - the -older of die. honse,.rriany thousand
,copies. of. it were scattered Throughout the .
ConfitrY,,The people. read, and, honestly
- bolievingititifrilethe;tdarat, and pldeed these
reforniers in Power:- •
And now, Mr: Speaker, after your
turbed possession for nine, years, :whanhas
been done?' ."'Have - you reduced,any..expen
diture, corrected any abuse, or providecl'ary l ,
:restraint on the power of patronage?.:. -
But. J -pa• the . contrary;' yolk .party
in power have . made dll - imblic 4 e.l: e caditures
greater - 4'in-before:. _Yenhdie'praCtisecithe
-- Very 'Antics of peWer of 'which:you.. con
plained, and-have net I,rovii.led any restraint
on executive We have thns -
Pracuot ijtils'atiort of the. abus s ee..Of 'the
identical 'i;ONVer of iirldeh year frientla, *hen'
sonriiiing the, alarm,,. gave-only a . theeretie;
• • .
•-• the.,redolittiOri .now nnder
:ciipsidszratiswptiti- t iookin4-.to,reforit,•an4 es-
Pecially to;-the correction of the ,abuse,of
poikKi4,regartfth:the.puldic.printing. 'The
„gentian?* wboLolipresl- (Mr. Hophcins,)
• though acting, with-'l4,i4illipistyaticpl-?dene
,niajbo . emaraitted. Ale • dent antliti
.
: W i TY l OroulTP*Titile;':=l.P47i"nu.rs.ati* 1
abuseshave 'been . orreelv b* a kiilliPl6
MEW
• . . . .
change of men. Tarn' surr:ised,Mr. Spltr.:l
- find :this,. resolution opposed by the ad , .
ministratiOn! The- gentleman' troth New'
Hampshiro. - (ilr.2.lCualiman)' resists it' on •
Most extraordinary.. grounds:' :He.: admits .
abuses, abut says it trimpracticablite 'eorl
reef them, and therefore useleis Urpass the
-resolution y thatsuch an ob
jection-can be opepty avo lived and SuStained
here? . The gentleinkp says' it i 8 the - 11 - gage
OT a party to dispose of this.patrenne in lta
own : way, and that he never. hoard of
complaint against Mr. Adams' admytistra
tion for so doing! -Here, sir, is another open
airewal.oP the doctrine, ."tliat the - spoils
7,
long' to; the'!victors. • -
;Dlr. Cushman here explained, and ob- -
aervedlie had not said the spoils belong to •
the victors.]• - .1 •
Mr. Bentradinitted that 'the gentleman
.•
had not used: those identical words;-,but this'
was - s the;doctrine 'of the "party witir ',which -
he acted; 'and a distinguished.' member .of
that party, now the'GoV.erpOr Of N.' • • York,
• (Mr. Marcy,)- had when a member the
11.`S. Senate, openly used tern's 'and
justifiedthis-usage-elparty._±The_friefili - of
the administration unifOrmlY
der- , this: precept, -Whatever, .may be their/. :
theory,t — l - d o - not - wi hto - do the. gentlemen,
from .: New --Ilanipshire la.ny • . injustice,. and.
will - read from-his.remarke, as pnhlislied—ri
and he will then have-an opportunity of cor
recting:theilOrerrorteouslyltinted, he
gentletnart-is reported as having_ said:. I
• "It was well known , that, -- since the es
tablishment of the government; .the domin
ant.party,- whichever it might be, lied inva-
riably employed*ltat - has been called; if ,
you please; -partisan printers and' partisan
editors. But why should they not .
- dose?'
1-So king as the opposition had the predomi 7 •
limey, 'they -used to supply their own par=
tishtl frifiters,Wd no complaint Was made
•about why . .,shouldaYty - cOmplaint. ]:
oi:ise_now? IflcTsaW., no .reason Whatever •
.• . - -.. •
Here, then; I think; sir, a:position is tak
en; and'terms used in.,effectibeTharee,- - and
teridingdireedy.toilte 'doctrine, that - --I"the
spoils -beleng.to . the - Victors." But - can it_
.be posgibleithe gentleman 'thinka he ie
coe
reet and sustaitted -by:the facts , when, he
says that no complaint was Made against
Mr.' Adams' administration_ oh account of
the exercise of the printing patronage? • Hal
he forgotten that Isaac Hill; the present
- vernor of his - own :sta te, T W as-the erlitryrjr a
newspaper called "the- "NTS-I1;4s h re Pa -
triet,'• and that t , h.- 1 1,Faeontinitance. of . the ! '
Publicatctr.., - of the laws in paper- was,
c - so :outiageons7 - a - persecution - foi.' ,
eplnion's sake, that it rriay almost be said to -
'have given hitti his . subsequent political
vation and •Consequence? The 'discontinu=
ante of IsaaC,llilt as a printer of the laws
waS• Occasioned, too, by his .publiShiUrr a '
liberon- fie laTy of the - President, without
the' I eat t 'semblance 'of trurthithand Are -grOs sly
indecent, that Mr. Randolph ; though a 'Zed:-
lens:opposer - of -IMr.-Adams, said -it .ought
•/-
itot . &en to he read on this floor; The .ec
easier'', however, was seized ; - o bring the
- subject of public printing under discussion
in this House, and,Mr::,Saurtrier , r, - o •
.arOliti . aTiiiiodtiied a resolution calling
upon the Secretary of State Ao report.-what
- clialgeS - h - dirbeen made in - the - trewspapers ----
printing the, laws, together with his reasons --
for such changes. A lohgpid spirited de-
liate "followedt. and. As. gentlemen seeni•to •
have such an imperfect recollection of .the
,events of that day, some little reference.rnay _
perhaps be usefully made to 'What was said •
in that It will be, observed that tho
resolution of . Mr: Saunders, and those who
supported it, required reasons to be, .given,
for a removal from office. - Since they - carne
into - poweri - liewever - that-doctrinohaSheen.
denied and repuiliated.
Mr_llond sai:CTtimseil to-preve
this debate-that-the-present Adminiztratiurr
came into power declaring that the-printing ,
patroriage- of the 'Government was inordi
nate and ,dangerous; thatitougb t to be re
strained'andregulated by law;S and, in fine,,.
rontising, if elevated o to _withdraw its. ex
ereise7from the piecutivo, hinds: The
mover 'of that resolution (Mr: Saunderri,)
said : .
" I trust I shall not be accused of getting
-up-this call - for - purpOSes-af - effeet,Tner - to - bb
told this' Is a small bu.sines." "He was
-- riZtoibelolththatihe - pecuniarymotra-in
volved in this matter was too small to influ
ence=the -editors- of--thiei -eounte
total sum thus distributed coultry-d not amount
tb less than between twenty and thirty thou-.
sand dollars.' i ‘There . were eighty-two
papers
was
in publishing
"it was 'IPA of the expense lig complained::
but of t!lie purpose by which-wives-control
led." -"It was_thua calculated to operate,
did abtuallY ;o orate; far as,it. went;
control the freedom of the press,., and to.
enlist, thiongliotit the country, 'ltliat:pewer
rut instrument - in behalf of thei'views, of the.
State Dcp'artinent t , In shis 'iseapeeti. itwas.
much more effectual and much - More - -,den--- -
gerous,iltairthe far-famed alien and segition,
[T 9 BE tor.vrifcutr,
-•. , • •
Arnold patal4nan, plaughing, in•his field,
*as told that oae , ci his , cliildren,vair dead
-T--the old man in th ailibitteia!atypautie, amt
aserve . d-- ; " Velt,'liErven
ttb , if _
nothing at alt-Lad llappened:
!t map rtvho: ha - 11 a
,ecolding wife . being. ;
to,excupe ber , faatige, wheo,callett
*volt to givpAgoop ac coODKOilhgr , hatiVi` a. (1. 4 ."
ellrat , ter, saitiAlo Wait, powy t tOlati„ On,
iftaiTo - tirr
nut of the mouth,
111
MI